Optical sorting and recycling device and method for photovoltaic glass

Abstract

The invention provides an optical sorting and recycling device for photovoltaic glass. The optical sorting and recycling device comprises a workbench, a feeding device, an optical detector, a plane conveying mechanism, a gas flow divider and a recycling device. A step-shaped table top is arranged on the surface of the working table, and a recycling bin is arranged in the working table; the plane conveying mechanism is connected with the feeding device and the optical detector, and a conveying belt used for conveying a particle mixture is arranged on the surface of the plane conveying mechanism; the gas flow divider is fixedly arranged above the recovery device, and after the particle mixture enters the optical detector, the gas flow divider is started and inputs the particle mixture into the first part and the second part respectively, so that the particle mixture is separated into glass particles and impurity particles. The feeding device and the plane conveying mechanism are matched with each other, so that a particle mixture of a single-layer structure is formed on the surface of the conveying belt, and the gas flow divider is intermittently opened under the action of the optical detector, so that the particle mixture is separated into glass particles and impurity particles.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic component recycling, and in particular relates to an optical sorting and recycling device and method for photovoltaic glass. Background Art

[0002] At present, when recycling photovoltaic modules, physical separation methods are mostly used. The disassembly of aluminum frames, glass and junction boxes is mostly done manually to obtain frameless modules, which is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and dusty and harmful to workers' health. For frameless modules, one method is to use an incinerator to burn the crushed photovoltaic modules, so as to separate and recycle the cells, glass and welding strips. The products obtained are crushed glass and broken cells after crushing. It is difficult to screen and separate them, which wastes a lot of manpower and material costs. In addition, there is a large loss of materials during separation, and the full recycling of valuable materials cannot be achieved. Another method is to place the photovoltaic module in a container containing an inorganic acid or organic acid solution to dissolve the organic adhesive film in the photovoltaic module, so as to separate the cells from the glass. The recycling cycle is long, which takes more than one week, and the waste liquid treatment is difficult in the later stage. The economic benefits of these recycling methods are not ideal, which is not conducive to the sustainable development of the photovoltaic industry. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the problem of low economic benefits in the current photovoltaic module recycling process described in the background technology, the present invention proposes the following technical solutions:

[0004] An optical sorting and recovery device for photovoltaic glass comprises: a workbench, a feeding device, an optical detector, a plane transport mechanism, a gas diverter and a recovery device; the workbench surface is provided with a stepped table top, and a recovery bin is provided in the workbench; the feeding device is fixedly arranged on one side of the workbench, and the optical detector is fixedly arranged on the other side of the workbench; the plane transport mechanism is respectively connected to the feeding device and the optical detector, and a conveyor belt for transmitting a particle mixture is provided on the surface of the plane transport mechanism; the recovery device comprises a first part and a second part fixedly arranged in the recovery bin, and the gas diverter is fixedly arranged above the recovery device, and when the particle mixture enters the optical detector, the gas diverter is started and the particle mixture is respectively input into the first part and the second part to separate the particle mixture into glass particles and impurity particles.

[0005] Among them, the discharge port of the feeding device is obliquely connected to the planar transportation mechanism, and the feeding port of the feeding device is provided with a funnel.

[0006] Furthermore, the optical sorting and recovery device also includes an industrial camera; the industrial camera is electrically connected to the optical detector and the gas diverter respectively, and the industrial camera is fixed above the optical detector. The industrial camera controls the starting frequency of the gas diverter through image recognition technology to change the discharge direction of the glass particles and the impurity particles.

[0007] Furthermore, a side of the conveyor belt close to the feeding device is horizontal, and a side of the conveyor belt close to the optical detector is inclined.

[0008] Another object of the present invention is to provide a recycling method applied to the above optical sorting and recycling device, comprising: pre-treating the photovoltaic module to obtain a particle mixture;

[0009] Spreading the particle mixture flatly into an optical detection mechanism;

[0010] Re-screening the particle mixture after detection by an industrial camera;

[0011] According to the screening results, the glass particles and impurity particles are separated one by one.

[0012] Furthermore, the particle mixture includes: glass particles, adhesion layer particles, and laminate particles.

[0013] Furthermore, after the industrial camera determines the type of the particle mixture, the discharge direction of the glass particles and impurity particles is changed through the gas diverter to complete the re-screening.

[0014] Furthermore, the gas diverter is intermittently opened, and the switching frequency of the gas diverter is 0 times / s-1000 times / s.

[0015] Beneficial effect: The present invention cooperates with the feeding device and the planar transport mechanism to form a single-layer particle mixture on the surface of the conveyor belt. Under the action of the optical detector, the gas diverter is intermittently opened to separate the particle mixture into glass particles and impurity particles. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an optical sorting and recycling device for photovoltaic glass according to an embodiment of the invention;

[0017] Figure 2 The present invention is a flowchart of an optical sorting and recycling method for photovoltaic glass according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present application clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0019] It should be understood that the terms "center", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this patent and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on this patent.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of an optical sorting and recycling device for photovoltaic glass according to an embodiment of the invention.

[0021] Reference Figure 1 According to an embodiment of the present invention, an optical sorting and recovery device 6 for photovoltaic glass comprises: a workbench 1, a feeding device 2, an optical detector 3, a plane transport mechanism 44, a gas diverter 5 and a recovery device 6. The surface of the workbench 1 is provided with a stepped table top, and a recovery bin 11 is provided inside the workbench 1. The feeding device 2 is fixedly arranged on one side of the workbench 1, and the optical detector 3 is fixedly arranged on the other side of the workbench 1. The plane transport mechanism 44 is respectively connected to the feeding device 2 and the optical detector 3, and a conveyor belt 41 for transmitting a particle mixture is provided on the surface of the plane transport mechanism 44. The recovery device 6 comprises a first part 61 and a second part 62 fixedly arranged in the recovery bin 11, and the gas diverter 5 is fixedly arranged above the recovery device 6. When the particle mixture enters the optical detector 3, the gas diverter 5 is started and the particle mixture is respectively input into the first part 61 and the second part 62 to separate the particle mixture into glass particles and impurity particles.

[0022] An optical sorting and recovery device 6 for photovoltaic glass comprises a workbench 1, a feeding device 2, an optical detector 3, a plane transport mechanism 44, a gas diverter 5 and a recovery device 6. The workbench 1 is the basic bearing structure of the entire device, and a stepped table is arranged on its surface. A recovery bin 11 for recovering various particle mixtures is also arranged inside the workbench 1. The feeding device 2 is fixedly mounted on one side of the workbench 1, and the particle mixture formed by the pretreatment of the photovoltaic module can be introduced into the entire sorting and recovery device 6 through the feeding device 2. The optical detector 3 is fixedly mounted on the other side of the workbench 1 opposite to the feeding device 2. The plane transport mechanism 44 connects the feeding device 2 and the optical detector 3, and a conveyor belt 41 for conveying the particle mixture into the optical detector 3 is arranged on the surface of the plane transport mechanism 44. The recovery device 6 comprises a first part 61 and a second part 62 fixedly arranged in the recovery bin 11, and the first part 61 and the second part 62 respectively recover glass particles and impurity particles in the particle mixture. The gas diverter 5 is fixedly mounted above the recovery device 6, and it works in coordination with other components of the entire device.

[0023] When the particle mixture is transmitted to the optical detector 3 along the conveyor belt 41 of the plane transport mechanism 44, and after the optical detector 3 completes the corresponding detection and analysis, the gas diverter 5 will receive the start signal and start to operate. The gas diverter 5 accurately diverts the particle mixture according to the characteristic information fed back by the optical detector 3 after the particle mixture is detected, and through its specific gas injection and guidance working mechanism, the particle mixture is respectively input into the first part 61 and the second part 62 of the recovery device 6, so as to separate the particle mixture into glass particles and impurity particles.

[0024] Specifically, in order to further improve the transportation effect, the side of the conveyor belt 41 close to the feeding device 2 is horizontal, and the side of the conveyor belt 41 close to the optical detector 3 is inclined. One side of the discharge port of the feeding device 2 is inclined and connected to the conveyor belt 41, and a funnel 21 is provided on one side of the feeding port of the feeding device 2. During the feeding process of the particle mixture, the particle mixture forms a single-layer structure on the surface of the conveyor belt 41 as the conveyor belt 41 moves. After adjusting the inclination angle between the discharge port of the feeding device 2 and the conveyor belt 41 and the moving speed of the conveyor belt 41, the density of the particle mixture on the surface of the conveyor belt 41 can be adjusted, thereby alleviating the operating pressure of the optical detector 3.

[0025] Furthermore, the optical sorting and recovery device 6 is also equipped with an industrial camera. The industrial camera is fixedly arranged above the optical detector 3 so as to accurately observe the area where the particle mixture detected by the optical detector 3 is located. The industrial camera is electrically connected to the optical detector 3 and the gas diverter 5 respectively, and sends control instructions to the gas diverter 5 by receiving relevant data information detected by the optical detector 3 in real time. During the operation of the entire sorting and recovery device 6, when the particle mixture is being detected on the optical detector 3, the industrial camera starts working synchronously. It uses the built-in image recognition algorithm to accurately analyze the real-time image of the particle mixture, and identify the key information such as the image characteristics, distribution and specific position of the glass particles and impurity particles on the conveyor belt 41.

[0026] Based on the information obtained by the above image recognition, the industrial camera can generate corresponding control signals and transmit these control signals to the gas diverter 5, thereby accurately controlling the start-up frequency of the gas diverter 5. By changing the start-up frequency of the gas diverter 5, the working parameters such as the timing and intensity of the action of the gas diverter 5 on the particle mixture are adjusted accordingly, and finally the purpose of changing the discharge direction of the glass particles and impurity particles is achieved.

[0027] Figure 2 The present invention is a flowchart of an optical sorting and recycling method for photovoltaic glass according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Reference Figure 2 Another object of the present invention is to provide an optical sorting and recycling method for photovoltaic glass applied to the above-mentioned optical sorting and recycling device 6, comprising:

[0029] S000. Pre-treating photovoltaic modules to obtain a particle mixture.

[0030] Specifically, in the entire photovoltaic module recycling process, special pre-treatment equipment and processes must be used to disassemble the complete photovoltaic module and separate its various components. The disassembled components are then broken into smaller pieces by a crushing device, and then further refined by a grinding device to transform them into a particle mixture containing glass particles, adhesive layer particles and laminate particles, laying the foundation for subsequent sorting work.

[0031] S010, spreading the particle mixture flat and sending it into an optical detection mechanism.

[0032] Specifically, in this step, the obtained particle mixture needs to be flattened, and the particle mixture is smoothly fed into the optical detection mechanism by a plane transport mechanism 44 such as a belt conveyor. In this process, the speed of the feeding device 2 and the plane conveyor needs to be adjusted to ensure that the particle mixture forms a single-layer distribution structure on the conveyor belt 41, so that the optical detection mechanism can perform comprehensive and accurate detection and analysis of the optical characteristics of each particle.

[0033] S020. Re-screen the particle mixture after detection using an industrial camera.

[0034] Specifically, after the particle mixture is inspected by the optical inspection mechanism, the industrial camera located above the optical inspection mechanism is immediately activated and begins to work. The industrial camera uses high-precision image recognition technology to re-screen the inspected particle mixture. It uses built-in advanced image analysis algorithms to accurately identify the image features, morphological characteristics and differences between the glass particles, adhesive layer particles and laminate particles in the particle mixture, and then determine the specific type of each particle.

[0035] S030. Separate the glass particles and the impurity particles one by one according to the screening results.

[0036] Specifically, in this step, it is necessary to control the operating state of the gas diverter 5 based on the recognition result of the industrial camera. When the gas diverter 5 receives the control instruction from the industrial camera, the gas diverter 5 changes the discharging direction of the particles by intermittently opening, so as to achieve the re-screening of glass particles and impurity particles (here, the impurity particles include adhesion layer particles, laminate particles, etc.). The switching frequency of the gas diverter 5 can be flexibly adjusted within the range of 0 times / s-1000 times / s. According to the actual situation of the particle mixture and the accuracy requirements of the screening, the operator can adjust the control signal sent to the gas diverter 5 in time to accurately control the switching frequency of the gas diverter 5.

[0037] For example, when it is necessary to distinguish glass particles and impurity particles more finely, the switching frequency of the gas diverter 5 can be appropriately increased to change the direction of the discharge airflow more frequently per unit time, thereby more accurately guiding the glass particles to the corresponding collection area and the impurity particles to other corresponding areas, and finally completing the separation of the glass particles and impurity particles one by one, thereby ensuring the efficiency and accuracy of the particle sorting link in the entire photovoltaic module recycling process.

[0038] In summary, the present invention forms a single-layer particle mixture on the surface of the conveyor belt through the cooperation between the feeding device and the planar transport mechanism. Under the action of the optical detector, the gas diverter is intermittently opened to separate the particle mixture into glass particles and impurity particles.

[0039] The foregoing describes certain embodiments of the invention. Other embodiments are within the scope of the following claims.

[0040] The terms "exemplary," "example," and the like used throughout this specification mean "used as an example, instance, or illustration" and do not mean "preferred" or "advantageous" over other embodiments. The detailed description includes specific details for the purpose of providing an understanding of the described techniques. However, these techniques can be implemented without these specific details. In some instances, in order to avoid obscuring the concepts of the described embodiments, well-known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form.

[0041] The optional implementation modes of the embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the specific details in the above implementation modes. Within the technical concept of the embodiments of the present invention, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0042] The above description of the contents of this specification is provided to enable any person of ordinary skill in the art to implement or use the contents of this specification. Various modifications to the contents of this specification will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of protection of the contents of this specification. Therefore, the contents of this specification are not limited to the examples and designs described herein, but are consistent with the widest range of principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An optical sorting and recycling device for photovoltaic glass, characterized in that: include: A workbench (1), a feeding device (2), an optical detector (3), a planar transport mechanism (4), a gas diverter (5) and a recovery device (6); the surface of the workbench (1) is provided with a stepped table top, and the workbench (1) is provided with a recovery bin (11); the feeding device (2) is fixedly arranged on one side of the workbench (1), and the optical detector (3) is fixedly arranged on the other side of the workbench (1); the planar transport mechanism (4) is respectively connected to the feeding device (2) and the optical detector (3), and the planar transport mechanism (5) is provided with a gas diverter (5) and a recovery device (6); (4) A conveyor belt (41) is provided on the surface for conveying the particle mixture; the recovery device (6) comprises a first part (61) and a second part (62) fixedly arranged in the recovery bin (11); the gas diverter (5) is fixedly arranged above the recovery device (6); when the particle mixture enters the optical detector (3), the gas diverter (5) is started and the particle mixture is respectively input into the first part (61) and the second part (62) to separate the particle mixture into glass particles and impurity particles.

2. An optical sorting and recycling device for photovoltaic glass according to claim 1, characterized in that: The discharge port of the feeding device (2) is connected obliquely to the planar transport mechanism (4), and the feeding port of the feeding device (2) is provided with a funnel (21).

3. An optical sorting and recycling device for photovoltaic glass according to claim 2, characterized in that: The optical sorting and recovery device (6) further comprises an industrial camera (7); the industrial camera (7) is electrically connected to the optical detector (3) and the gas diverter (5) respectively, and the industrial camera (7) is fixedly arranged above the optical detector (3). The industrial camera (7) controls the start-up frequency of the gas diverter (5) through image recognition technology to change the discharge direction of the glass particles and the impurity particles.

4. The optical sorting and recycling device for photovoltaic glass according to claim 3, characterized in that: The side of the conveyor belt (41) close to the feeding device (2) is horizontal, and the side of the conveyor belt (41) close to the optical detector (3) is inclined.

5. An optical sorting and recycling method for photovoltaic glass, applied to an optical sorting and recycling device for photovoltaic glass as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: include: Pre-treating a photovoltaic module to obtain a particle mixture; Spreading the particle mixture flatly into an optical detection mechanism; Re-screening the particle mixture after detection by an industrial camera (7); According to the screening results, the glass particles and impurity particles are separated one by one.

6. The optical sorting and recycling method for photovoltaic glass according to claim 5, characterized in that: The particle mixture comprises glass particles, adhesive layer particles, and laminate particles.

7. The optical sorting and recycling method for photovoltaic glass according to claim 6, characterized in that: After the industrial camera (7) determines the type of the particle mixture, the gas diverter (5) changes the discharge direction of the glass particles and impurity particles to complete the re-screening.

8. The optical sorting and recycling method for photovoltaic glass according to claim 6, characterized in that: The gas diverter (5) is intermittently opened, and the switching frequency of the gas diverter (5) is 0 times / s-1000 times / s.

Images