Gas circuit control system of automatic tensioning device

Abstract

According to the technical scheme, the gas circuit control system of the automatic tensioning device comprises an outer cylinder body, an inner cylinder body and a locking cylinder body, an inner cavity of the outer cylinder body is in sliding fit with the inner cylinder body, the outer cylinder body is provided with the locking cylinder body, and a sliding piece pushing a locking mechanism to move and axially lock the inner cylinder body is in sliding fit in the locking cylinder body. The outer cylinder body is provided with an air hole for pushing the inner cylinder body to move forwards and backwards, the locking cylinder body is provided with an air hole for pushing the sliding part to move forwards and backwards, the inner cylinder body can be pushed to move to automatically tension or loosen a tensioned object by filling pressure air into the air hole of the outer cylinder body, and the sliding part can move to automatically unlock or lock the inner cylinder body by filling or discharging pressure air from the air hole of the locking cylinder body. The external tensioning force can be automatically relieved or the tensioning force is delayed to be output outwards and locked by manually charging and discharging pressure air into and out of a wind source, and the automatic anti-slip locking device has the characteristics of high automation degree, strong tensioning force and long-term maintenance of the tensioning force, and is suitable for automatic anti-slip locking of railway locomotives and vehicles and other occasions requiring long-term maintenance of the tensioning state.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of mechanical tensioning, and in particular to an air path control system of an automatic tensioning device. Background Art

[0002] Railway vehicle parking brake refers to the stopping method used when the vehicle is stationary without wind pressure, and its purpose is to prevent the vehicle from rolling away on its own.

[0003] The train running on the railway is composed of a locomotive in front and a vehicle connected to the rear. Each vehicle in the entire train uses a train pipe to transport pressurized air, and then brakes, slows down or stops through the action of the basic braking device. The specific train pipe is connected to the auxiliary air cylinder through the distribution valve on each vehicle, and the auxiliary air cylinder is connected to the brake cylinder through the distribution valve. The output end of the brake cylinder is connected to the brake shoe through the basic braking device. When braking, the pressurized air in the auxiliary air cylinder drives the brake cylinder piston, and then drives the brake shoe to press the wheel through the basic braking device. Because the rear-connected vehicle itself has no pressurized air source, it is necessary to rely on the front locomotive to fill the auxiliary air cylinders of each vehicle in the rear through the train pipe in turn with pressurized air, so that the rear vehicle can generate air braking force. When the locomotive is separated from the rear vehicle, the air braking force of the rear vehicle is maintained by its own retained pressurized air. However, if the vehicle is separated from the locomotive for a long time, the pressurized air retained in the vehicle air system will leak naturally, causing the vehicle to gradually lose its air braking force. If a vehicle stops on a slope and no anti-slip measures are taken, the parked vehicle will automatically slide, causing major accidents such as damaging switches, crashing into other vehicles, hitting people, or even overturning.

[0004] At present, railway vehicles generally use hand brakes, iron shoes (including intelligent iron shoes), hand brake chain tensioners, anti-slip sleepers and other methods to prevent vehicles from slipping. With the continuous construction and development of electrified railways, high-voltage wires have been laid above the railways, resulting in on-site workers no longer being able to use the original method of climbing the roof and tightening the hand brake to implement manual braking to prevent vehicles from slipping. The hand brake anti-slip operation method is now basically out of use. In addition, the use of iron shoes to prevent slipping requires manual handling, placement, and recovery of iron shoes, which is not only cumbersome, but also has the risk of iron shoes being lost due to inadequate management. The use of hand brake chain tensioners is also cumbersome, and the installation, removal, and recovery of tensioners are also cumbersome. Anti-slip sleepers also have the problem of heavy sleepers and difficulty in carrying, which is not convenient for implementing on-site braking to prevent vehicles from slipping anywhere on site.

[0005] Patent documents with announcement numbers 202311043841.6, 202311043839.9, and 202311043832.7 respectively disclose a ball locking tension control device, a screw sleeve locking tension control device, and a locking ring locking tension control device, all of which can be used to automatically implement parking brakes on the spot to prevent the vehicle from slipping away. However, the gas circuit automatic control systems in these three schemes all have the following common problems:

[0006] 1. The need to collect the brake cylinder air pressure signal will cause the brake cylinder pressure to drop when the vehicle implements air braking, reducing the vehicle's air braking force;

[0007] 2. Too complicated, with too many connecting pipes and components, which not only increases the gas consumption, but also increases the possibility of gas leakage from pipe joints due to the complex structure, making it difficult to install and arrange the pipelines on site;

[0008] 3. The switch from air brake to parking brake can only be realized when the air pressure of the brake cylinder drops to a certain level due to leakage. However, the air pressure leakage of the brake cylinder is very small, so the switching interval from air brake to parking brake is too long. The operating personnel need to squat on site for a long time to observe, or frequently inspect the parking brake function of the vehicle on site. It is very inconvenient and not suitable for installation and use on railway vehicles;

[0009] 4. The air charging time after the locomotive is connected to the train vehicle is too long. Because the parking brake device of the present invention is equipped with a parking air cylinder, the original solution charges the parking air cylinder while the train pipe charges the vehicle auxiliary air cylinder, which greatly prolongs the time for the entire train to be charged to the set pressure, which will cause the train to start late;

[0010] 5. It is only applicable to the automatic tightening of the basic brake device of railway vehicles, and cannot meet the tightening requirements of the basic brake device of railway locomotives. Summary of the invention

[0011] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an air circuit control system for an automatic tensioning device, which cancels the multiple reversing valves and related connecting pipelines in the air circuit control system in the original ball locking tensioning control device, a screw sleeve locking tensioning control device, and a locking ring locking tensioning control device, and adds a manual control function, a sliding part air circuit automatic conversion function, a delayed automatic parking brake function, and an overpressure air filling function according to the working conditions, thereby greatly simplifying the air circuit control system pipeline, reducing the possibility of air leakage, and facilitating the on-site installation of the pipeline. If it is used in the anti-slipping of railway locomotives using basic braking devices, it can be convenient for drivers to automatically control and implement anti-slipping. If it is used in the anti-slipping of railway vehicles, it can greatly reduce the interval time from the air braking condition to the parking brake condition, and try not to increase the time for the train pipe to be filled with air to the set air pressure. The present invention is also suitable for automatic tightening and fixing of various ropes, chains, power lines, pipelines, conveyor belts, mechanical transmission devices, riveting devices, basic braking devices, etc.

[0012] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: comprising an outer cylinder body, an inner cylinder body, and a locking cylinder body;

[0013] The inner cavity of the outer cylinder body is slidably matched with the inner cylinder body;

[0014] The inner cavity of the inner cylinder body is slidably matched with an inner piston, and the inner piston is linked with the rear end of the pull rod. The front end of the pull rod passes through the front end surfaces of the inner cylinder body and the outer cylinder body and then extends to the outside of the outer cylinder body. The pull rod is slidably matched with the inner cylinder body and the outer cylinder body respectively.

[0015] A preload spring is provided between the inner piston and the front end of the inner cylinder;

[0016] The outer cylinder body is provided with a first vent hole at the rear end and a second vent hole at the front end;

[0017] The pressurized air entering the outer cylinder from the first vent hole pushes the inner cylinder to slide forward, and the pressurized air entering the outer cylinder from the second vent hole pushes the inner cylinder to slide backward;

[0018] The outer cylinder is provided with a locking cylinder, and a sliding member is slidably matched in the locking cylinder to push the locking mechanism to move and axially lock the inner cylinder;

[0019] The locking cylinder is provided with a third vent hole, a fourth vent hole, a fifth vent hole, and a sixth vent hole;

[0020] The pressurized air entering the locking cylinder from the third vent hole pushes the sliding member to slide to an extreme position away from the third vent hole, so that the third vent hole is connected to the fourth vent hole, and at the same time pushes the locking mechanism to move and unlock the inner cylinder;

[0021] The fourth vent hole is in communication with the first vent hole through a sixth air pipe;

[0022] The pressurized air entering the locking cylinder from the fifth vent pushes the sliding member to slide to an extreme position away from the fifth vent, so that the fifth vent is connected to the sixth vent, and at the same time pushes the locking mechanism to unlock the inner cylinder;

[0023] The sixth vent hole is in communication with the second vent hole through the eleventh air pipe;

[0024] The third vent hole and the fifth vent hole are respectively communicated with the wind source through the air path system.

[0025] Preferably, the pull rod includes a barrel rod and a core rod, the core rod is arranged inside the barrel rod, a swing gap is left between the core rod and the barrel rod, the rear end of the barrel rod is fixed to the inner piston, the inner piston is provided with a swing hole connected to the rear end of the barrel rod, the rear end of the core rod is penetrated by the swing hole, and the rear side of the inner piston is provided with a swing head fixed to the rear end of the core rod.

[0026] The gas circuit system comprises: a third gas circuit two-position three-way reversing valve and a fourth gas circuit two-position three-way reversing valve;

[0027] The third vent is connected to one end of the fifth air pipe, and the other end of the fifth air pipe is connected to the air source through the third air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve, and the third air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve is provided with a manual control device. When the manual control device is in the open position, the air source is connected to the fifth air pipe, and the fifth air pipe is isolated from the atmosphere. When the manual control device is in the closed position, the air source is isolated from the fifth air pipe, and the fifth air pipe is connected to the atmosphere.

[0028] The fifth air vent is connected to one end of the tenth air pipe, and the other end of the tenth air pipe is connected to the air source through the fourth air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve. The fourth air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve is provided with a manual control device. When the manual control device is in the open position, the air source is connected to the tenth air pipe, and the tenth air pipe is isolated from the atmosphere. When the manual control device is in the closed position, the air source is isolated from the tenth air pipe, and the tenth air pipe is connected to the atmosphere.

[0029] When the control is tightened or not tightened, the switch positions of the third gas circuit two-position three-way reversing valve and the fourth gas circuit two-position three-way reversing valve should be opposite. That is, when the third gas circuit two-position three-way reversing valve is opened, the fourth gas circuit two-position three-way reversing valve should be closed, and vice versa, when the third gas circuit two-position three-way reversing valve is closed, the fourth gas circuit two-position three-way reversing valve should be opened; when locked, the opened valve is closed.

[0030] The manual control device can be a handle, a button, a knob, a remote control device, a hydraulic control device, an electric control device, a pneumatic control device or a mechanical drive device, etc., which can manually drive the third gas circuit two-position three-way reversing valve or the fourth gas circuit two-position three-way reversing valve to open and close.

[0031] The third gas circuit two-position three-way reversing valve or the fourth gas circuit two-position three-way reversing valve can be opened and closed by a variety of manual methods.

[0032] The gas circuit system comprises: a first gas circuit delayed two-position three-way reversing valve, a second gas circuit delayed two-position three-way reversing valve, a first gas circuit two-position three-way reversing valve, and a second gas circuit two-position three-way reversing valve;

[0033] The third air vent is connected to one end of the fifth air pipe, and the other end of the fifth air pipe is connected to the atmosphere or one end of the fourth air pipe through the first air circuit delayed two-position three-way reversing valve. The first air circuit delayed two-position three-way reversing valve is provided with a third control end and a third return spring, and the third control end is connected to the fourth air pipe through a second shrinkage plug; when the thrust of the third control end is greater than the return force of the third return spring, the valve core moves to isolate the fifth air pipe from the fourth air pipe, and the fifth air pipe is connected to the atmosphere; when the return force of the third return spring is greater than the thrust of the third control end, the third return spring pushes the valve core to move in the opposite direction, so that the fifth air pipe is connected to the fourth air pipe, and the fifth air pipe is isolated from the atmosphere.

[0034] The fifth vent is connected to one end of the tenth air pipe, and the other end of the tenth air pipe is connected to the atmosphere or one end of the ninth air pipe through the second air circuit delayed two-position three-way reversing valve, and the second air circuit delayed two-position three-way reversing valve is provided with a fifth control end and a fifth return spring, and the fifth control end is connected to the ninth air pipe through a third shrink plug; when the thrust of the fifth control end is greater than the return force of the fifth return spring, the valve core moves to isolate the tenth air pipe from the ninth air pipe, and the tenth air pipe is connected to the atmosphere; when the return force of the fifth return spring is greater than the thrust of the fifth control end, the fifth return spring pushes the valve core to move in the opposite direction, so that the tenth air pipe is connected to the ninth air pipe, and the tenth air pipe is isolated from the atmosphere;

[0035] The other end of the ninth air pipe is connected to one end of the eighth air pipe or the atmosphere through the second air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve, and the other end of the fourth air pipe is connected to one end of the third air pipe or the atmosphere through the first air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve; the valve core of the first air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve is linked with the valve core of the second air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve, and the first air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve and the second air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve share a second control end and a second return spring; when the thrust of the second control end is greater than the return force of the second return spring, the second control end pushes the valve core to move and compress the second return spring, so that the ninth air pipe is disconnected from the eighth air pipe, the ninth air pipe is connected to the atmosphere, the third air pipe is connected to the fourth air pipe, and the fourth air pipe is disconnected from the atmosphere; when the thrust of the second control end is less than the return force of the second return spring, the second return spring pushes the valve core to move in the opposite direction so that the ninth air pipe is connected to the eighth air pipe, the ninth air pipe is disconnected from the atmosphere, the fourth air pipe is disconnected from the third air pipe, and the fourth air pipe is connected to the atmosphere;

[0036] The eighth air pipe is connected to one end of the first air pipe through the seventh air pipe, the other end of the first air pipe is connected to the wind source, the eighth air pipe and the seventh air pipe are both connected to the air storage cylinder, and the seventh air pipe is provided with a second check valve, and the second check valve only allows the pressure air of the first air pipe to flow to the eighth air pipe and the air storage cylinder;

[0037] The air storage cylinder is provided to provide power for the inner cylinder body to move backward when tensioning is implemented, and the second check valve is provided to prevent the pressurized air in the air storage cylinder from flowing back to the air source when the pressurized air from the air source is manually discharged.

[0038] The second control end is communicated with the third air pipe, and the other end of the third air pipe is communicated with the first air pipe through the second air pipe.

[0039] The third air pipe is connected to the first air pipe in order to introduce the pressure air from the wind source to push the second control end to make the two-position three-way reversing valve of the first air circuit connect the third air pipe with the fourth air pipe, and when the pressure air from the wind source is artificially discharged, the two-position three-way reversing valve of the first air circuit blocks the third air pipe and the fourth air pipe, and the two-position three-way reversing valve of the second air circuit connects the eighth air pipe with the ninth air pipe, so that the pressure air of the air storage cylinder enters the front end of the outer cylinder body, pushes the inner cylinder body backward, and outputs the tensioning force to the outside.

[0040] Preferably, the locking mechanism comprises an annular groove, a window hole, and a locking ball;

[0041] The outer wall of the inner cylinder body is provided with a plurality of annular grooves, and the side wall of the outer cylinder body is provided with at least one window hole corresponding to the annular groove; the window hole is provided with a locking ball matched with the window hole and the annular groove, and the diameter of the locking ball is greater than the wall thickness of the outer cylinder body.

[0042] To ensure that the locking ball can partially enter the annular groove on the outer wall of the inner cylinder body under the pressure of the inner wall of the locking card, so as to lock the inner cylinder body and prevent the inner cylinder body from moving relative to the outer cylinder body.

[0043] The sliding member is a locking card;

[0044] The inner wall of the locking card is provided with a front retreat groove and a rear retreat groove corresponding to the locking ball on both sides, and the outer wall of the locking card is provided with a first concave groove, the front side of the first concave groove is provided with a front shoulder, and the rear side is provided with a rear shoulder, and the outer walls of the front shoulder and the rear shoulder are slidably matched with the inner wall of the locking cylinder;

[0045] The front and rear sides of the locking card are respectively provided with locking springs, one end of the locking spring abuts against the end wall of the locking cylinder, and the other end abuts against the end surface of the locking card;

[0046] The locking cylinder is provided with a first exhaust hole communicating with the atmosphere;

[0047] When only the front and rear locking springs push, the locking card is located in the middle of the locking cylinder under the push of the front and rear locking springs, the fourth vent hole, the sixth vent hole and the first exhaust hole are connected through the first concave groove, the fifth vent hole is connected to the front end chamber of the locking cylinder, the third vent hole is connected to the rear end chamber of the locking cylinder, the locking ball is pushed into the window hole by the locking card, and the locking ball partially enters the annular groove;

[0048] When the pressurized air entering the third vent pushes the locking card to move to the extreme position away from the third vent, the locking spring on the front side is compressed, the third vent is connected with the fourth vent through the locking cylinder, the fifth vent, the sixth vent and the first exhaust hole are connected through the first concave groove, the rear retreat groove corresponds to the locking ball, and the locking ball can be completely located in the rear retreat groove and the window hole;

[0049] When the pressurized air entering the fifth vent pushes the locking card to move to the extreme position away from the fifth vent, the locking spring at the rear side is compressed, the fifth vent is connected with the sixth vent through the locking cylinder, the third vent, the fourth vent and the first exhaust hole are connected through the first concave groove, the front retreat groove corresponds to the locking ball, and the locking ball can be completely located in the front retreat groove and the window hole;

[0050] Preferably, a slider is provided in the first concave groove, the outer wall of the slider is slidably matched with the inner wall of the locking cylinder, the outer wall of the slider is provided with a second concave groove, the axial length of the slider is smaller than the axial length of the first concave groove, the locking card can move axially independently relative to the slider, and can also push the slider and the locking card to slide axially synchronously through the front shoulder or the rear shoulder of the first concave groove;

[0051] The locking cylinder is provided with an eighth vent hole and a ninth vent hole;

[0052] When the locking card moves to the extreme position away from the third vent hole, the rear shoulder of the first concave groove pushes the slider forward, at this time, the rear end wall of the slider abuts against the rear shoulder of the first concave groove, the front end wall of the slider is separated from the front shoulder of the first concave groove, the third vent hole is communicated with the fourth vent hole through the locking cylinder, the sixth vent hole and the ninth vent hole are communicated with the first exhaust hole through the second concave groove, and the fifth vent hole and the eighth vent hole are isolated from the remaining air holes;

[0053] When the locking card moves back from the extreme position away from the third vent hole to the middle position of the locking cylinder, the front shoulder of the first concave groove pushes the slider to move backward. At this time, the front end wall of the slider abuts against the front shoulder of the first concave groove, the rear end wall of the slider is separated from the rear shoulder of the first concave groove, the fourth vent hole is communicated with the eighth vent hole through the first concave groove, the sixth vent hole, the ninth vent hole and the first exhaust hole are communicated through the second concave groove, the third vent hole is communicated with the rear chamber of the locking cylinder, and the fifth vent hole is communicated with the front chamber of the locking cylinder;

[0054] When the locking card moves to the extreme position away from the fifth vent hole, the front shoulder of the first concave groove pushes the slider to move backward. At this time, the front end wall of the slider abuts against the front shoulder of the first concave groove, the rear end wall of the slider is separated from the rear shoulder of the first concave groove, the fifth vent hole is communicated with the sixth vent hole through the locking cylinder, the fourth vent hole and the eighth vent hole are communicated with the first exhaust hole through the second concave groove, and the third vent hole and the ninth vent hole are isolated from the remaining vent holes.

[0055] When the locking card moves back from the extreme position away from the fifth vent to the middle position of the locking cylinder, the rear shoulder of the first concave groove pushes the slider forward, at this time, the rear end wall of the slider abuts against the rear shoulder of the first concave groove, the front end wall of the slider is separated from the front shoulder of the first concave groove, the sixth vent is communicated with the ninth vent through the first concave groove, the fourth vent, the eighth vent and the first exhaust hole are communicated through the second concave groove, the third vent is communicated with the rear chamber of the locking cylinder, and the fifth vent is communicated with the front chamber of the locking cylinder;

[0056] The slider is arranged in the first concave groove, and the locking card moves to drive the slider to move, thereby realizing air path conversion, which can simplify the external conversion air duct and conversion valve settings, and is used to open or close the air path leading to the cylinder body of the display device.

[0057] Preferably, the sliding member comprises a first unlocking piston and a second unlocking piston;

[0058] The inner chamber of the locking cylinder is divided into a first chamber and a second chamber by a partition wall;

[0059] The first unlocking piston is disposed in the first chamber;

[0060] The second unlocking piston and the locking spring are arranged in the second chamber;

[0061] A locking pin is disposed in the locking cylinder, and the locking pin penetrates the partition wall and is fixed to the first unlocking piston and the second unlocking piston, so that the locking pin moves axially synchronously with the first unlocking piston and the second unlocking piston;

[0062] The locking spring is arranged between the second unlocking piston and the inner end wall of the locking cylinder, and the locking spring pushes the head of the locking pin to extend out of the locking cylinder;

[0063] The locking cylinder is provided with an eighth vent hole and a ninth vent hole;

[0064] The third vent hole, the fourth vent hole, and the eighth vent hole are in communication with the first chamber; the fifth vent hole, the sixth vent hole, and the ninth vent hole are in communication with the second chamber;

[0065] When only the elastic force of the locking spring acts, the locking spring pushes the locking pin head out of the locking cylinder to the extreme position through the second unlocking piston, the fourth vent hole is connected with the eighth vent hole through the first chamber, the fourth vent hole is isolated from the third vent hole, the sixth vent hole is connected with the ninth vent hole through the second chamber, and the sixth vent hole is isolated from the fifth vent hole;

[0066] The pressurized air entering the third air vent pushes the first unlocking piston away from the third air vent to the extreme position, and the pressurized air entering the fifth air vent pushes the second unlocking piston away from the fifth air vent to the extreme position, both of which can drive the locking pin head to retract into the locking cylinder to the extreme position and compress the locking spring. Then, the third air vent is connected to the fourth air vent through the first chamber, the fourth air vent is separated from the eighth air vent, the fifth air vent is connected to the sixth vent through the second chamber, and the sixth vent is separated from the ninth air vent.

[0067] This type of sliding member and locking cylinder body arrangement is suitable for a tensioning device without a display device.

[0068] Preferably, the sliding member comprises a first unlocking piston, a first exhaust piston, a second unlocking piston, and a second exhaust piston;

[0069] The inner chamber of the locking cylinder is divided into a first chamber and a second chamber by a partition wall;

[0070] The first unlocking piston and the first exhaust piston are disposed in the first chamber;

[0071] The second unlocking piston, the second exhaust piston and the locking spring are arranged in the second chamber;

[0072] A locking pin is provided in the locking cylinder, and the locking pin penetrates the partition wall and is fixed to the first unlocking piston, the first exhaust piston, the second unlocking piston, and the second exhaust piston, so that the locking pin, the first unlocking piston, the first exhaust piston, the second unlocking piston, and the second exhaust piston move axially synchronously;

[0073] The locking spring is arranged between the second exhaust piston and the inner end wall of the locking cylinder body, and the locking spring pushes the head of the locking pin to extend out of the locking cylinder body;

[0074] The locking cylinder is provided with an eighth vent hole, a second exhaust hole, a ninth vent hole and a third exhaust hole;

[0075] The third vent hole, the fourth vent hole, the eighth vent hole, and the second exhaust hole are in communication with the first chamber; the fifth vent hole, the sixth vent hole, the ninth vent hole, and the third exhaust hole are in communication with the second chamber;

[0076] When only the elastic force of the locking spring acts, the locking spring pushes the head of the locking pin out of the locking cylinder to the extreme position through the second exhaust piston, the fourth vent hole is connected with the eighth vent hole through the first chamber, the fourth vent hole is isolated from the third vent hole, the eighth vent hole is isolated from the second vent hole, the sixth vent hole is connected with the ninth vent hole through the second chamber, the sixth vent hole is isolated from the fifth vent hole, and the ninth vent hole is isolated from the third vent hole;

[0077] The pressurized air entering the third air vent pushes the first unlocking piston away from the third air vent to the extreme position, and the pressurized air entering the fifth air vent pushes the second unlocking piston away from the fifth vent to the extreme position, both of which can drive the locking pin head to retract into the locking cylinder to the extreme position and compress the locking spring. Then, the third air vent is connected to the fourth air vent through the first chamber, the fourth air vent is separated from the eighth air vent, the eighth air vent is connected to the second exhaust hole, the fifth air vent is connected to the sixth vent through the second chamber, the sixth vent is separated from the ninth air vent, and the ninth vent is connected to the third exhaust hole.

[0078] Preferably, the locking mechanism comprises a screw sleeve and a locking external thread;

[0079] The outer cylinder body is rotatably matched with the screw sleeve, the outer wall of the inner cylinder body is provided with the locking external thread, the inner wall of the screw sleeve is provided with a locking internal thread rotatably matched with the locking external thread, and the outer wall of the screw sleeve is provided with a tooth groove adapted to the locking pin;

[0080] When the inner cylinder body moves forward and backward, the screw sleeve can be driven to rotate in the forward and reverse directions. When the locking pin is inserted into the tooth groove, the screw sleeve is prevented from rotating, thereby achieving the locking of the inner cylinder body.

[0081] Preferably, the locking mechanism comprises a locking ring and a worm;

[0082] The outer cylinder body is rotatably matched with a locking ring, the outer surface of the locking ring is provided with worm gears, the locking ring is rotatably matched with the worm through the worm gears, and the worm is hinged with the locking pin;

[0083] When the locking pin retracts, the locking ring is driven by the worm to rotate in a direction of unlocking the inner cylinder body;

[0084] When the locking pin is extended, the locking ring is driven by the worm to rotate in a direction to lock the inner cylinder body.

[0085] When the inner cylinder body is not locked, the radial spacing between the strip pressure groove and the locking groove is relatively large, and the locking ball can move freely between the strip pressure groove and the locking groove. When the strip pressure groove and the locking groove clamp the locking ball, the locking ball is fixed, and at this time, the inner cylinder body is also locked accordingly.

[0086] When the eighth vent hole and the ninth vent hole have no external pipeline, the eighth vent hole and the ninth vent hole can be used as ventilation holes.

[0087] Preferably, the eighth vent hole is communicated with the tenth vent hole of the display device cylinder body through an eighteenth vent pipe; the ninth vent hole is communicated with the eleventh vent hole of the display device cylinder body through a nineteenth vent pipe;

[0088] The display device cylinder body is provided with an axially movable display device piston, and the outer surface of the display device cylinder body is provided with a transparent sealing cover for observing the position of the internal display device piston; when the side thrust of the eleventh vent hole is greater than the side thrust of the tenth vent hole, the display device piston moves to the front extreme position, and the tensioned state is displayed to the outside through the transparent sealing cover; when the side thrust of the tenth vent hole is greater than the side thrust of the eleventh vent hole, the display device piston moves to the rear extreme position, and the non-tensioned state is displayed to the outside through the transparent sealing cover.

[0089] The display device is provided to facilitate on-site operators to observe the working position of the tensioning device.

[0090] Preferably, a first check valve is provided on the second air pipe, and the first check valve only allows the pressure air of the first air pipe to flow to the third air pipe;

[0091] The third air pipe is connected to the thirteenth air pipe and one end of the fifteenth air pipe, the other end of the thirteenth air pipe is connected to one end of the fourteenth air pipe through the second air path on-off valve, the other end of the fourteenth air pipe is connected to the atmosphere, and the fourteenth air pipe is provided with a first pressure regulating valve and a first shrink plug;

[0092] The other end of the fifteenth air pipe is communicated with the time-delay air cylinder;

[0093] The second air path on-off valve is provided with a first control end and a first return spring, the first control end is connected to the second air pipe through a twelfth air pipe, and the pressurized air in and out of the twelfth air pipe does not pass through the first check valve;

[0094] When the thrust of the first control end is greater than the reset force of the first reset spring, the first control end pushes the valve core to move so that the thirteenth air pipe is disconnected from the fourteenth air pipe. When the thrust of the first control end is less than the reset force of the first reset spring, the first reset spring pushes the valve core to move in the opposite direction so that the thirteenth air pipe is connected to the fourteenth air pipe.

[0095] The first check valve is set to prevent the delayed air cylinder pressure air from flowing back to the air source when the air pressure from the air source is manually discharged; the second air circuit on-off valve connects the passage from the second control end to the first pressure regulating valve, the first shrinkage plug and the atmosphere only when the air pressure from the air source is manually discharged to a set value; the first pressure regulating valve can reduce the air pressure flowing from the fourteenth air pipe to the first shrinkage plug; the first shrinkage plug is used to slow down the flow rate of the pressure air at the outlet of the first pressure regulating valve to the atmosphere.

[0096] The first check valve, the second air circuit on-off valve, the first pressure regulating valve, the first shrinkage plug and the delay air cylinder are provided to maintain the thrust of the second control end on the second return spring for a short time when the air source pressure air is artificially discharged, so that the first air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve and the second air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve are switched after a period of delay after the air source pressure is artificially discharged.

[0097] Preferably, the fifteenth air pipe is provided with a third air circuit on-off valve, the third air circuit on-off valve is arranged between the third air pipe and the time-delay air cylinder, the time-delay air cylinder is connected to the seventh air pipe through a third check valve, and the third check valve only allows the pressure air of the seventh air pipe to flow to the time-delay air cylinder;

[0098] The second gas circuit on-off valve core is linked with the third gas circuit on-off valve core, and the second gas circuit on-off valve and the third gas circuit on-off valve share the first control end and the first return spring;

[0099] When the thrust of the first control end is greater than the reset force of the first reset spring, the first control end pushes the valve core to move so that the time-delay air cylinder is disconnected from the third air pipe; when the thrust of the first control end is less than the reset force of the first reset spring, the first reset spring pushes the valve core to move in the opposite direction so that the time-delay air cylinder is connected to the third air pipe;

[0100] The seventh air pipe is provided with a fourth air circuit on-off valve, the fourth air circuit on-off valve is connected to the second check valve and the eighth air pipe, the fourth air circuit on-off valve is provided with a fourth control end and the fourth return spring, and the fourth control end is connected to the first air pipe;

[0101] When the thrust of the fourth control end is greater than the reset force of the fourth reset spring, the fourth control end pushes the valve core to move so that the first air pipe is connected to the eighth air pipe; when the thrust of the fourth control end is less than the reset force of the fourth reset spring, the fourth reset spring pushes the valve core to move in the opposite direction so that the first air pipe is disconnected from the eighth air pipe.

[0102] The reset force of the fourth reset spring is greater than the normal working pressure of the air source. Only when the air pressure of the air source exceeds the normal working pressure, the fourth control end will push the valve core to move, compressing the fourth reset spring to connect the air source to the passage from the air storage cylinder to the delay air cylinder and the delay air cylinder; the third check valve is set to prevent the pressurized air of the air storage cylinder from replenishing air to the delay air cylinder when the pressurized air of the delay air cylinder is slowly discharged to the atmosphere through the second air circuit on-off valve, the first pressure regulating valve and the first shrink plug, thereby causing the air pressure of the air storage cylinder to drop; the third air circuit on-off valve is set to prevent the delay air cylinder from being filled with air when the air pressure of the air source does not exceed the normal working pressure, thereby increasing unnecessary pressurized air consumption under the normal working pressure of the air source.

[0103] Preferably, the eleventh air pipe is connected to one end of the sixteenth air pipe, and the other end of the sixteenth air pipe is connected to the atmosphere through a sixth air circuit on-off valve, and the sixth air circuit on-off valve is provided with a sixth control end, a seventh control end and a sixth return spring, and the thrust generated by the seventh control end and the sixth return spring are in the same direction, and the thrust generated by the sixth control end is opposite to the thrust generated by the seventh control end and the sixth return spring, and the sixteenth air pipe is connected to the sixth control end, and the seventh control end is connected to the tenth air pipe through the seventeenth air pipe; when only the sixth control end has pressurized air, the sixth air circuit on-off valve connects the sixteenth air pipe with the atmosphere, and in other cases, the sixth air circuit on-off valve isolates the sixteenth air pipe from the atmosphere, and the air hole of the sixth air circuit on-off valve connected to the atmosphere is provided with a fourth shrinkage plug.

[0104] When locking is implemented, if the locking ball is misaligned with the annular groove, or the locking pin is misaligned with the tooth groove, part of the pressurized air at the front end of the outer cylinder body can be discharged through the sixth air path on-off valve to allow the inner cylinder body to move forward slightly, so that the locking ball and the annular groove are aligned to lock the inner cylinder body.

[0105] The fourth shrinkage and blocking function is provided to prevent the air hole of the sixth air path on-off valve from exhausting air too quickly, causing the inner cylinder to move forward quickly, resulting in a significant decrease in the tensioning force of the tensioning device, causing the tensioning force to be insufficient or lose its effect.

[0106] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0107] 1. The air pressure in the brake cylinder does not decay. The conversion from air braking to parking braking does not require the collection of the air pressure signal of the vehicle's brake cylinder, will not cause the pressure of the brake cylinder to drop when the vehicle implements air braking, will not affect the vehicle's air braking force, and will not change the original pipeline design of the original air brake system;

[0108] 2. The time for switching from air brake to parking brake is greatly shortened. When the air source pressure drops to the set pressure, after a delay, while the air pressure in the air storage cylinder is still sufficient and no leakage occurs, the passage from the air storage cylinder to the front end of the inner cylinder body is connected, the inner cylinder body is pushed backward to tighten the basic brake device, thereby increasing the backward thrust on the inner cylinder body and correspondingly reducing the volume of the air storage cylinder;

[0109] 3. It greatly shortens the observation time for on-site operators to identify whether the vehicle is parked. Because the automatic conversion time from air brake to parking brake is greatly shortened, on-site operators only need to stay on site for a short time to observe whether the vehicle is parked.

[0110] 4. Reduced unnecessary air filling time of train pipes. The system is equipped with an overpressure air filling device. Only when the pressure of the train pipe rises to a value exceeding the set pressure, the pressurized air of the train pipe will enter the parking air cylinder and the delay air cylinder. This greatly reduces the consumption of pressurized air by the parking brake device when the locomotive fills the train pipes of the vehicle under the set pressure, and shortens the time for the train pipes of the entire train to be filled to the set pressure as much as possible, avoiding the punctual departure of the train due to insufficient air filling pressure of the train pipes during the specified parking time;

[0111] 5. Simplified the pipeline structure, reduced the failure rate and reduced the production cost;

[0112] 6. The handbrake can be used to replace the existing locomotive basic braking device, and the original manually twisted handbrake can be converted into an automatic parking brake device, which greatly enhances the anti-skid ability of the locomotive, and transforms the tedious work of manually carrying iron shoes, managing iron shoes or tightening handbrakes into automatic operations, reducing the labor intensity of the driver. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0113] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the improvements of the air circuit control systems of the prior art "a ball locking type tensioning control device", "a screw sleeve locking type tensioning control device", and "a locking ring type tensioning control device" are respectively introduced in detail in combination with the drawings. The automatic control type of the present invention includes three inner cylinder locking modes of the air circuit control system, namely, ball locking, screw sleeve locking, and locking ring locking, wherein the ball locking and screw sleeve locking air circuit control systems include a delay device, an overpressure air charging device, a display device, and a slot valve, and the locking ring locking air circuit control system includes a delay device, an overpressure air charging device, and a display device; the manual control type includes three inner cylinder locking modes of the air circuit control system, namely, ball locking, screw sleeve locking, and locking ring locking, wherein the ball locking and screw sleeve locking air circuit control systems include a display device and a slot valve, and the locking ring locking air circuit control system includes a display device. Obviously. The drawings described below are only 18 of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0114] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the air circuit system of the automatic control ball locking and tensioning device of the present invention;

[0115] Figure 2 This is a partial enlarged view of the locking cylinder of the automatic control ball locking and tensioning device of the present invention (the locking card is located in the middle position);

[0116] Figure 3 It is a partial enlarged view of the locking cylinder of the automatic control ball locking tensioning device of the present invention (the locking card is located at the front extreme position);

[0117] Figure 4 This is a partial enlarged view of the locking cylinder of the automatic control ball locking tensioning device of the present invention (the locking card is located at the rear extreme position);

[0118] Figure 5 This is a partial enlarged view of the locking cylinder of the automatic control ball locking and tensioning device of the present invention (the locking card and the slider are located in the middle);

[0119] Figure 6 This is a partial enlarged view of the locking cylinder of the automatic control ball locking and tensioning device of the present invention (the locking card pushes the slide block to the front extreme position);

[0120] Figure 7 This is a partial enlarged view of the locking cylinder of the automatic control ball locking and tensioning device of the present invention (the locking card pushes the slide block to return from the front extreme position to the middle position);

[0121] Figure 8 This is a partial enlarged view of the locking cylinder of the automatic control ball locking and tensioning device of the present invention (the locking card pushes the slide block to the rear extreme position);

[0122] Fig. 9 This is a partial enlarged view of the locking cylinder of the automatic control ball locking and tensioning device of the present invention (the locking card pushes the slide block to return to the middle position from the rear extreme position);

[0123] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the air circuit control system of the automatic control type screw sleeve locking and tightening device of the present invention;

[0124] Fig.11 It is a partial enlarged view of the locking cylinder of the automatic control type screw sleeve locking and tightening device of the present invention (unlocking piston);

[0125] Fig.12 It is a partial enlarged view of the locking cylinder of the automatic control type screw sleeve locking and tightening device of the present invention (unlocking piston and exhaust piston);

[0126] Fig.13 It is a schematic axial cross-sectional view of the automatic control type screw sleeve locking and tightening device of the present invention;

[0127] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the air circuit control system of the automatic control type locking ring locking and tightening device of the present invention;

[0128] Fig.15 It is a partial enlarged view of the locking cylinder (unlocking piston) of the automatic control type locking ring locking tensioning device of the present invention;

[0129] Fig.16 It is a partial enlarged view of the locking cylinder of the automatic control type locking ring locking tensioning device of the present invention (unlocking piston and exhaust piston);

[0130] Fig.17 It is a schematic axial cross-sectional view of the automatic control type locking ring locking and tightening device of the present invention;

[0131] Fig.18 This is the air circuit control diagram of the manually controlled ball locking and tensioning device of the present invention.

[0132] In the figure, the first air pipe 101, the second air pipe 102, the third air pipe 103, the fourth air pipe 104, the fifth air pipe 105, the sixth air pipe 106, the seventh air pipe 107, the eighth air pipe 108, the ninth air pipe 109, the tenth air pipe 110, the eleventh air pipe 111, the twelfth air pipe 112, the thirteenth air pipe 113, the fourteenth air pipe 114, the fifteenth air pipe 115, the sixteenth air pipe 116, the seventeenth air pipe 117, the eighteenth air pipe 118, the nineteenth air pipe 119, the outer cylinder 201, the inner cylinder 202, the inner piston 203, the preload spring 204, the core rod 205, the cylinder rod 206, the swing hole 207, the swing head 208, the locking cylinder 301, the locking card 302, the window hole 303, the front The retreat groove 304, the rear retreat groove 305, the first concave groove 306, the front shoulder 307, the rear shoulder 308, the slider 309, the second concave groove 310, the locking spring 311, the locking ball 312, the annular groove 313, the locking pin 314, the first unlocking piston 315, the second unlocking piston 316, the first exhaust piston 317, the second exhaust piston 318, the partition wall 319, the first chamber 320, the second chamber 321, the screw sleeve 322, the tooth groove 323, the locking external thread 324, the locking ring 325, the strip pressure groove 326, the locking groove 327, the worm gear 328, the worm 329, the display device piston 401, the display device cylinder 402, the first return spring 501, the second return spring 502, the third return spring 503, the third return spring 504, the first return spring 505, the second return spring 506, the second return spring 507, the third return spring 508, the first return spring 509, the second return spring 508, the first return spring 509, the second return spring 509, the first return spring 501, the second return spring 502, the third return spring 503, the first return spring 504, the second return spring 505, the first return spring 506, the second return spring 507 ... first return spring 50 a first air path on-off valve 801, a second air path on-off valve 802, a third air path on-off valve 803, a fourth air path on-off valve 804, a fifth air path on-off valve 805, a sixth air path on-off valve 806, a seventh air path on-off valve 807, a first air path on-off valve 801, a second air path on-off valve 802, a third air path on-off valve 803, a fourth air path on-off valve 804, a fifth air path on-off valve 805, a sixth air path on-off valve 806, a first air path on-off valve 807, a second air path on-off valve 802, a third air path on-off valve 803, a fourth air path on-off valve 804, a fifth air path on-off valve 805, a sixth air path on-off valve 806, a first air path on-off valve 807, a Three-way on-off valve 803, fourth-way on-off valve 804, fifth-way on-off valve 805, sixth-way on-off valve 806, first-way delayed two-position three-way reversing valve 807, second-way delayed two-position three-way reversing valve 808, first-way two-position three-way reversing valve 809, second-way two-position three-way reversing valve 810, third-way two-position three-way reversing valve 811, fourth-way two-position three-way reversing valve 812, air source 901, dust filter 902, air storage cylinder 903, time-delay air cylinder 904, first shrink plug 905, second shrink plug 906, third shrink plug 907, fourth shrink plug 908, first check valve 909, second check valve 910, third check valve 911, first pressure regulating valve 912, second pressure regulating valve 913. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0133] In order to deepen the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings are only used to explain the present invention and do not limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0134] Note: in this scheme, “front” refers to the left side in the accompanying drawings, and “rear” refers to the right side in the accompanying drawings; “outside” refers to the side facing away from the axis of the outer cylinder body in the accompanying drawings, and “inside” refers to the side facing the axis of the outer cylinder body in the accompanying drawings.

[0135] The "tensioning device" described in the present invention is a "parking brake device" if used to prevent railway locomotives and vehicles from slipping. The "parking brake" of railway locomotives and vehicles refers to a stopping measure in which the brake shoes press the wheels to prevent the wheels from rotating when the locomotive or vehicle is stationary, thereby preventing the locomotive or vehicle from naturally slipping away.

[0136] The parking brake installed on the locomotive controls the release, braking and locking of the parking brake by manually opening and closing the air circuit valve. The parking brake installed on the vehicle automatically controls the release, braking and locking of the parking brake by manually charging and exhausting the train pipe 901.

[0137] The core rod 205 of the parking brake device is connected to the basic brake device of the locomotive or vehicle through connecting parts such as chains, ropes, and tension frames. When the parking brake is implemented, the core rod 205 drives the components of the basic brake device of the locomotive or vehicle to move, so that the brake shoe continues to hold the wheel and locks the inner cylinder body 202, so that the locomotive or vehicle automatically maintains the parking brake; when the parking release is implemented, the core rod 205 does not apply a pulling force to the basic brake device of the locomotive or vehicle, the brake shoe naturally moves away from the wheel, and locks the inner cylinder body 202, so that the locomotive or vehicle continues to maintain the parking release state.

[0138] For the convenience of introduction, the specific structure and working process of the tensioning device are explained below by taking the installation of a "parking brake device" on a railway locomotive as an example.

[0139] The air source 901 is a train pipe 901 on the "parking brake" device of a railway vehicle. The train pipe 901 is a source of air supply for providing pressurized air to push the sliding parts in the inner cylinder 202 and the locking cylinder 301 to move.

[0140] Example 1

[0141] This embodiment is suitable for automatically implementing parking brake or parking relief and locking control on a stopped railway locomotive or vehicle.

[0142] See Figure 1 , Fig.10 , Fig.14 , Fig.18, the air circuit control system of the parking brake device includes an outer cylinder 201, an inner cylinder 202, and a locking cylinder 301;

[0143] The inner cavity of the outer cylinder 201 is slidably matched with the inner cylinder 202;

[0144] The inner cavity of the inner cylinder 202 is slidably matched with an inner piston 203, and the inner piston 203 is linked with the rear end of the pull rod. The front end of the pull rod passes through the front end surfaces of the inner cylinder 202 and the outer cylinder 201 and then extends to the outside of the outer cylinder 201. The pull rod is slidably matched with the inner cylinder 202 and the outer cylinder 201 respectively.

[0145] A pre-compression spring 204 is provided between the inner piston 203 and the front end of the inner cylinder 202;

[0146] The outer cylinder body 201 is provided with a first vent hole 701 at the rear end and a second vent hole 702 at the front end;

[0147] The pressurized air entering the outer cylinder 201 from the first vent hole 701 pushes the inner cylinder 202 to slide forward, and the pressurized air entering the outer cylinder 201 from the second vent hole 702 pushes the inner cylinder 202 to slide backward.

[0148] The outer cylinder 201 is provided with a locking cylinder 301, and a sliding member is slidably matched in the locking cylinder 301 to push the locking mechanism to move and axially lock the inner cylinder 202;

[0149] The locking cylinder 301 is provided with a third vent hole 703, a fourth vent hole 704, a fifth vent hole 705, and a sixth vent hole 706;

[0150] The pressurized air entering the locking cylinder 301 from the third vent hole 703 pushes the sliding member to slide to an extreme position away from the third vent hole 703, so that the third vent hole 703 is connected with the fourth vent hole 704, and at the same time pushes the locking mechanism to move and unlock the inner cylinder 202;

[0151] The fourth vent hole 704 is connected to the first vent hole 701 through the sixth air pipe 106;

[0152] The pressurized air entering the locking cylinder 301 from the fifth vent hole 705 pushes the sliding member to slide to an extreme position away from the fifth vent hole 705, so that the fifth vent hole 705 is connected with the sixth vent hole 706, and at the same time pushes the locking mechanism to move and unlock the inner cylinder 202;

[0153] The sixth vent hole 706 is communicated with the second vent hole 702 through the eleventh air pipe 111;

[0154] The third vent hole 703 and the fifth vent hole 705 are respectively connected to the wind source 901 through the air path system.

[0155] Example 2

[0156] The pull rod is an assembly consisting of a tubular rod 206 and a core rod 205 .

[0157] This embodiment is an improvement on the pull rod of Embodiment 1, and is suitable for connection and assembly of the parking brake device with the basic brake device of railway locomotives and vehicles.

[0158] See Figure 1 , Fig.10 , Fig.14 , Fig.18 The pull rod includes a barrel rod 206 and a core rod 205. The core rod 205 is arranged inside the barrel rod 206. A swing gap is left between the core rod 205 and the barrel rod 206. The rear end of the barrel rod 206 is fixed to the inner piston 203. The inner piston 203 is provided with a swing hole 207 connected to the rear end of the barrel rod 206. The rear end of the core rod 205 is penetrated by the swing hole 207. The rear side of the inner piston 203 is provided with a swing head 208 fixed to the rear end of the core rod 205.

[0159] A swing gap is left between the core rod 205 and the cylinder rod 206, so that the core rod 205 and the swing head 208 can swing relative to the inner piston 203 and the cylinder rod 206, that is, when the parking brake device is fixed, the core rod 205 can automatically adjust the deflection angle according to the up, down, left and right positions of the connected vehicle basic brake device driving end. Therefore, the position accuracy requirement of the parking brake device relative to the vehicle basic brake device driving end is low, which is convenient for on-site installation and use.

[0160] The installation direction of the parking brake device needs to meet the following requirements: the direction in which the core rod 205 retracts backwards is the direction in which the basic brake device of the vehicle is tightened, the brake shoe holds the wheel tightly, and the vehicle implements the parking brake; conversely, it is the parking relief direction.

[0161] When the parking brake device is tightened, the inner cylinder 202 and the core rod 205 are first pushed backward by the compressed air, and the basic brake device of the vehicle is pulled by the connecting devices such as chains, ropes, and tension frames until the brake shoe is close to the wheel and cannot move anymore. The core rod 205 and the inner piston 203 can no longer move backward with the inner cylinder 202. At this time, because the thrust of the compressed air is still greater than the elastic force of the pre-compression spring 204, the compressed air continues to push the inner cylinder 202 backward and compress the pre-compression spring 204 until the elastic force generated by the pre-compression spring 204 is equal to the thrust of the compressed air, and the inner cylinder 202 stops moving backward. In this process, the pre-compression spring 204 will be further compressed to form a greater elastic force, and the core rod 205 will be tightened by the inner piston 203, so that the brake shoe of the basic brake device of the vehicle presses the wheel to prevent the vehicle from automatically slipping away.

[0162] Example 3

[0163] The tensioning device is provided with an air circuit system, and the control valve of the air circuit system is manually operated to implement parking relief or parking brake and lock the parking brake device;

[0164] This embodiment is suitable for implementing automatic parking braking or automatic parking relief and locking control on a parked railway locomotive by manual operation.

[0165] See Fig.18 , the gas circuit system includes: a third gas circuit two-position three-way reversing valve 811 and a fourth gas circuit two-position three-way reversing valve 812;

[0166] The third vent hole 703 is connected to one end of the fifth air pipe 105, and the other end of the fifth air pipe 105 is connected to the air source 901 through the third air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve 811. The third air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve 811 is provided with an artificial control device. When the artificial control device is in the open position, the air source 901 is connected to the fifth air pipe 105, and the fifth air pipe 105 is isolated from the atmosphere. When the artificial control device is in the closed position, the air source 901 is isolated from the fifth air pipe 105, and the fifth air pipe 105 is connected to the atmosphere.

[0167] The fifth air vent 705 is connected to one end of the tenth air pipe 110, and the other end of the tenth air pipe 110 is connected to the air source 901 through the fourth air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve 812. The fourth air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve 812 is provided with a manual control device. When the manual control device is in the open position, the air source 901 is connected to the tenth air pipe 110, and the tenth air pipe 110 is isolated from the atmosphere. When the manual control device is in the closed position, the air source 901 is isolated from the tenth air pipe 110, and the tenth air pipe 110 is connected to the atmosphere.

[0168] When the air source 901 has sufficient pressurized air, when parking relief is implemented, the manual control device of the two-position three-way reversing valve 811 of the third air circuit is in the open position, and the manual control device of the two-position three-way reversing valve 812 of the fourth air circuit is in the closed position. When locking after parking relief is implemented, the manual control device of the two-position three-way reversing valve 811 of the third air circuit is in the closed position; when parking brake is implemented, the manual control device of the two-position three-way reversing valve 811 of the third air circuit is in the closed position, and the manual control device of the two-position three-way reversing valve 812 of the fourth air circuit is in the open position. When locking after parking brake is implemented, the manual control device of the two-position three-way reversing valve 812 of the fourth air circuit is in the closed position;

[0169] The third gas circuit two-position three-way reversing valve 811 and the fourth gas circuit two-position three-way reversing valve 812 can be opened and closed by a variety of manual methods, and the manual control device can be a handle, a button, a knob, a remote control device, a hydraulic circuit control device, an electric control device, a pneumatic control device or a mechanical drive device, etc., which can manually drive the third gas circuit two-position three-way reversing valve 811 or the fourth gas circuit two-position three-way reversing valve 812 to open and close.

[0170] Example 4

[0171] The tensioning device is provided with an air circuit system, and the air circuit system automatically controls the parking release or parking brake and locking of the parking brake device by artificially filling and exhausting the train pipe 901:

[0172] This embodiment is an improvement on the third embodiment, and is applicable to implementing automatic parking braking or automatic parking relief and locking control on a stopped railway vehicle.

[0173] See Figure 1 , Fig.10 , Fig.14 The gas circuit system includes: a first gas circuit delayed two-position three-way reversing valve 807, a second gas circuit delayed two-position three-way reversing valve 808, a first gas circuit two-position three-way reversing valve 809, and a second gas circuit two-position three-way reversing valve 810;

[0174] The third vent hole 703 is connected to one end of the fifth air pipe 105, and the other end of the fifth air pipe 105 is connected to the atmosphere or one end of the fourth air pipe 104 through the first air circuit delayed two-position three-way reversing valve 807. The first air circuit delayed two-position three-way reversing valve 807 is provided with a third control end 603 and a third return spring 503. The third control end 603 is connected to the fourth air pipe 104 through a second shrink plug 906; when the thrust of the third control end 603 is greater than the return force of the third return spring 503, the valve core moves to isolate the fifth air pipe 105 from the fourth air pipe 104, and the fifth air pipe 105 is connected to the atmosphere; when the return force of the third return spring 503 is greater than the thrust of the third control end 603, the third return spring 503 pushes the valve core to move in the reverse direction, so that the fifth air pipe 105 is connected to the fourth air pipe 104, and the fifth air pipe 105 is isolated from the atmosphere;

[0175] The fifth vent hole 705 is connected to one end of the tenth air pipe 110, and the other end of the tenth air pipe 110 is connected to the atmosphere or one end of the ninth air pipe 109 through the second air circuit delayed two-position three-way reversing valve 808. The second air circuit delayed two-position three-way reversing valve 808 is provided with a fifth control end 605 and a fifth return spring 505. The fifth control end 605 is connected to the ninth air pipe 109 through a third shrink plug 907; when the thrust of the fifth control end 605 is greater than the return force of the fifth return spring 505, the valve core moves to isolate the tenth air pipe 110 from the ninth air pipe 109, and the tenth air pipe 110 is connected to the atmosphere; when the return force of the fifth return spring 505 is greater than the thrust of the fifth control end 605, the fifth return spring 505 pushes the valve core to move in the reverse direction, so that the tenth air pipe 110 is connected to the ninth air pipe 109, and the tenth air pipe 110 is isolated from the atmosphere;

[0176] The other end of the ninth air pipe 109 is connected to one end of the seventh air pipe 107 or the atmosphere through the second air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve 810, and the other end of the fourth air pipe 104 is connected to one end of the third air pipe 103 or the atmosphere through the first air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve 809; the valve core of the first air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve 809 is linked with the valve core of the second air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve 810, and the first air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve 809 and the second air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve 810 share the second control end 602 and the second return spring 502; when the thrust of the second control end 602 is greater than the return force of the second return spring 502, the first air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve 809 and the second air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve 810 share the second control end 602 and the second return spring 502; The second control end 602 pushes the valve core to move and compress the second return spring 502, so that the ninth air pipe 109 and the eighth air pipe 108 are disconnected, the ninth air pipe 109 is connected to the atmosphere, the third air pipe 103 is connected to the fourth air pipe 104, and the fourth air pipe 104 is disconnected from the atmosphere; when the thrust of the second control end 602 is less than the return force of the second return spring 502, the second return spring 502 pushes the valve core to move in the opposite direction so that the ninth air pipe 109 and the eighth air pipe 108 are connected, the ninth air pipe 109 is disconnected from the atmosphere, the fourth air pipe 104 is disconnected from the third air pipe 103, and the fourth air pipe 104 is connected to the atmosphere;

[0177] The first gas circuit two-position three-way reversing valve 809 and the second gas circuit two-position three-way reversing valve 810 share the second return spring 502 and the second control end 602 to facilitate the detection of the air pressure change of the train pipe 901. When the train pipe 901 is filled with pressurized air, the second control end 602 increases the pressure to push the valve cores of the first gas circuit two-position three-way reversing valve 809 and the second gas circuit two-position three-way reversing valve 810 to move. When the pressurized air in the train pipe 901 is exhausted manually, the pressure of the second control end 602 drops below the set value, and the second return spring 502 pushes the valve cores of the first gas circuit two-position three-way reversing valve 809 and the second gas circuit two-position three-way reversing valve 810 to move in the opposite direction, thereby realizing the conversion of the air supply path of the outer cylinder 201.

[0178] The first air circuit delayed two-position three-way reversing valve 807 can automatically cut off the connection between the fourth air pipe 104 and the fifth air pipe 105 after the pressurized air is introduced into the fourth air pipe 104 for a period of time, so that the pressurized air from the train pipe 901 will not continuously supply air to the parking brake device, thereby reducing the pressurized air consumption of the train pipe 901. At the same time, the pressurized air in the fifth air pipe 105 can be discharged to return the locking slide in the locking cylinder 301 to the initial position to automatically lock the inner cylinder 202.

[0179] The second air circuit delayed two-position three-way reversing valve 808 can automatically cut off the connection between the ninth air pipe 109 and the tenth air pipe 110 after the pressurized air is introduced into the ninth air pipe 109 for a period of time, so that the pressurized air from the air storage cylinder 903 will not continuously supply air to the parking brake device, thereby reducing the pressurized air consumption of the air storage cylinder 903. At the same time, the pressurized air in the tenth air pipe 110 can be discharged to return the locking slide in the locking cylinder body 301 to the initial position, thereby automatically locking the inner cylinder body 202.

[0180] The eighth air pipe 108 is connected to one end of the first air pipe 101 through the seventh air pipe 107. The other end of the first air pipe 101 is connected to the train pipe 901. The eighth air pipe 108 and the seventh air pipe 107 are connected to the air storage cylinder 903. The seventh air pipe 107 is provided with a second check valve 910. The second check valve 910 only allows the pressurized air of the first air pipe 101 to flow to the eighth air pipe 108 and the air storage cylinder 903.

[0181] The second control end 602 is communicated with the third air pipe 103 , and the other end of the third air pipe 103 is communicated with the first air pipe 101 through the second air pipe 102 .

[0182] The second check valve 910 not only ensures that the pressurized air of the train pipe 901 can smoothly enter the air storage cylinder 903 when the train pipe 901 is artificially inflated and pressurized, but also prevents the pressurized air of the air storage cylinder 903 from flowing back to the train pipe 901 when the train pipe 901 is artificially exhausted and depressurized, thereby interfering with the normal artificial pressure adjustment of the vehicle train pipe 901; at the same time, it also provides sufficient pressure air power for the vehicle to implement parking braking.

[0183] Example 5

[0184] The tensioning device is provided with a locking mechanism, and the locking mechanism is a ball lock. A sliding member is provided in the locking cylinder 301 , and the sliding member is a locking clamp 302 .

[0185] This embodiment is suitable for automatically controlling the locking of the inner cylinder 202 and the gas path conversion by using a ball lock type railway locomotive or vehicle parking brake device.

[0186] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Fig.18 , the locking mechanism includes an annular groove 313, a window hole 303, and a locking ball 312;

[0187] The outer wall of the inner cylinder 202 is provided with a plurality of annular grooves 313, and the side wall of the outer cylinder 201 is provided with at least one window hole 303 corresponding to the annular groove 313; the window hole 303 is provided with the locking ball 312 adapted to the window hole 303 and the annular groove 313, and the diameter of the locking ball 312 is greater than the wall thickness of the outer cylinder 201;

[0188] The sliding member is a locking card 302;

[0189] The inner wall of the locking card 302 is provided with a front retreat groove 304 and a rear retreat groove 305 corresponding to the locking ball 312, and the outer wall of the locking card 302 is provided with a first concave groove 306, the front side of the first concave groove 306 is provided with a front shoulder 307, and the rear side is provided with a rear shoulder 308, and the outer walls of the front shoulder 307 and the rear shoulder 308 are slidably matched with the inner wall of the locking cylinder 301;

[0190] The front and rear sides of the locking card 302 are respectively provided with locking springs 311, one end of the locking spring 311 abuts against the end wall of the locking cylinder 301, and the other end abuts against the end surface of the locking card 302;

[0191] The locking cylinder 301 is provided with a first exhaust hole 707 communicating with the atmosphere;

[0192] In order to prevent the tensioning force of the core rod 205 on the vehicle's basic brake device from attenuating over time due to leakage of pressurized air, a locking mechanism is provided between the inner cylinder 202 and the outer cylinder 201. After the pressurized air pushes the inner cylinder 202 to tighten externally, the relative position of the inner cylinder 202 and the outer cylinder 201 is fixed by the locking ball 312.

[0193] Therefore, the pulling force output by the parking brake device is provided by the pressurized air before the locking ball 312 does not lock the inner cylinder 202, and is provided by the preload spring 204 after the inner cylinder 202 and the outer cylinder 201 are locked and the pressurized air is exhausted. Therefore, the continuous pulling force output by the core rod 205 of the parking brake device is the elastic force of the preload spring 204; when the locking ball 312 is released from the inner cylinder 202, the pressurized air pushes the inner cylinder 202 and the core rod 205 forward, and after the reaction force of the vehicle's basic brake device is lost, the compressed preload spring 204 automatically stretches, and the core rod 205 stretches forward, and no longer outputs tension force to the outside, and the tension constraint of the vehicle's basic brake device that is tightened is naturally released.

[0194] See Figure 2, when only the front and rear locking springs 311 push, the locking card 302 is located in the middle of the locking cylinder 301, the fourth vent hole 704, the sixth vent hole 706 and the first exhaust hole 707 are connected through the first concave groove 306, the fifth vent hole 705 is connected to the front end chamber of the locking cylinder 301, the third vent hole 703 is connected to the rear end chamber of the locking cylinder 301, the locking ball 312 is pushed into the window hole 303 by the locking card 302, and the locking ball 312 partially enters the annular groove 313;

[0195] See Figure 3 When the pressurized air entering the third vent hole 703 pushes the locking card 302 to move to the extreme position away from the third vent hole 703, the locking spring 311 on the front side is compressed, and the third vent hole 703 is connected with the fourth vent hole 704 through the locking cylinder 301, and the fifth vent hole 705, the sixth vent hole 706 and the first exhaust hole 707 are connected through the first concave groove 306, and the rear retreat groove 305 corresponds to the locking ball 312, and the locking ball 312 can be completely located in the rear retreat groove 305 and the window hole 303;

[0196] See Figure 4 When the pressurized air entering the fifth vent 705 pushes the locking card 302 to move to the extreme position away from the fifth vent 705, the locking spring 311 at the rear side is compressed, and the fifth vent 705 is communicated with the sixth vent 706 through the locking cylinder 301, and the third vent 703, the fourth vent 704 and the first exhaust hole 707 are communicated with each other through the first concave groove 306, and the front retreat groove 304 corresponds to the locking ball 312, and the locking ball 312 can be completely located in the front retreat groove 304 and the window hole 303;

[0197] Example 6

[0198] The locking cylinder of the tensioning device is provided with a sliding member, which includes a locking clamp 302 and a sliding block 309 .

[0199] This embodiment is an improvement on the locking fixture 302 described in Embodiment 5, and is applicable to the ball lock parking brake device of railway locomotives and vehicles for automatic control of the locking of the inner cylinder body 202 and automatic control of the external display device.

[0200] See Figure 5, a slider 309 is provided in the first concave groove 306, the outer wall of the slider 309 is slidably matched with the inner wall of the locking cylinder 301, the outer wall of the slider 309 is provided with a second concave groove 310, the axial length of the slider 309 is less than the axial length of the first concave groove 306, the locking card 302 can move axially independently relative to the slider 309 or push the slider 309 and the locking card 302 to slide axially synchronously through the front shoulder 307 or the rear shoulder 308 of the first concave groove 306;

[0201] The slider 309 is pushed by the front shoulder 307 or the rear shoulder 308 of the first concave groove 306. When the locking member 302 moves, if the front shoulder 307 or the rear shoulder 308 of the first concave groove 306 does not touch the end wall of the slider 309, the slider 309 remains stationary.

[0202] The locking cylinder 301 is provided with an eighth vent hole 708 and a ninth vent hole 709;

[0203] The eighth vent hole 708 and the ninth vent hole 709 are used to connect to the display device cylinder 402 and control the axial movement of the display device piston 401 .

[0204] See Figure 6 When the locking card 302 moves to the extreme position away from the third vent hole 703, the rear shoulder 308 of the first concave groove 306 pushes the slider 309 to move forward. At this time, the rear end wall of the slider 309 abuts against the rear shoulder 308 of the first concave groove 306, and the front end wall of the slider 309 is separated from the front shoulder 307 of the first concave groove 306. The third vent hole 703 is communicated with the fourth vent hole 704 through the locking cylinder 301, the sixth vent hole 706 and the ninth vent hole 709 are communicated with the first exhaust hole 707 through the second concave groove 310, and the fifth vent hole 705 and the eighth vent hole 708 are isolated from the remaining vent holes.

[0205] See Figure 7When the locking card 302 moves back from the extreme position away from the third vent hole 703 to the middle position of the locking cylinder 301, the front shoulder 307 of the first concave groove 306 pushes the slider 309 to move backward. At this time, the front end wall of the slider 309 is against the front shoulder 307 of the first concave groove 306, and the rear end wall of the slider 309 is separated from the rear shoulder 308 of the first concave groove 306. The fourth vent hole 704 is communicated with the eighth vent hole 708 through the first concave groove 306, the sixth vent hole 706, the ninth vent hole 709 and the first exhaust hole 707 are communicated through the second concave groove 310, the third vent hole 703 is communicated with the rear chamber of the locking cylinder 301, and the fifth vent hole 705 is communicated with the front chamber of the locking cylinder 301;

[0206] See Figure 8 When the locking card 302 moves to the extreme position away from the fifth vent hole 705, the front shoulder 307 of the first concave groove 306 pushes the slider 309 to move backward. At this time, the front end wall of the slider 309 is against the front shoulder 307 of the first concave groove 306, and the rear end wall of the slider 309 is separated from the rear shoulder 308 of the first concave groove 306. The fifth vent hole 705 and the sixth vent hole 706 are communicated through the locking cylinder 301, the eighth vent hole 708 and the fourth vent hole 704 are communicated with the first exhaust hole 707 through the second concave groove 310, and the third vent hole 703 and the ninth vent hole 709 are isolated from the remaining vent holes.

[0207] See Fig. 9 When the locking card 302 moves back from the extreme position away from the fifth vent hole 705 to the middle position of the locking cylinder 301, the rear shoulder 308 of the first concave groove 306 pushes the slider 309 to move forward. At this time, the rear end wall of the slider 309 is against the rear shoulder 308 of the first concave groove 306, and the front end wall of the slider 309 is separated from the front shoulder 307 of the first concave groove 306. The sixth vent hole 706 is communicated with the ninth vent hole 709 through the first concave groove 306, the fourth vent hole 704, the eighth vent hole 708 and the first exhaust hole 707 are communicated through the second concave groove 310, the third vent hole 703 is communicated with the rear chamber of the locking cylinder 301, and the fifth vent hole 705 is communicated with the front chamber of the locking cylinder 301;

[0208] The slider 309 that can move relative to the first concave groove 306 is provided in the first concave groove 306, so as to ensure that the passage from the front end or rear end chamber of the outer cylinder body 201 to the display device cylinder body 402 is connected only when the locking card 302 pushes the locking ball 312 to lock the inner cylinder body 202, so that the pressurized air that previously entered the front end or rear end chamber of the outer cylinder body 201 enters the display device cylinder body 402, providing a driving force for the movement of the display device piston 401, so that the position of the display device piston 401 is consistent with the position after the inner cylinder body 202 is locked.

[0209] Example 7

[0210] The locking cylinder of the tensioning device is provided with sliding parts, which are a first unlocking piston 315 and a second unlocking piston 316 .

[0211] This embodiment is an improvement on the locking fixture 302 described in Embodiment 5, and is applicable to the locking control of the inner cylinder body 202 by the screw sleeve locking type and locking ring locking type parking brake devices of railway locomotives and vehicles.

[0212] See Fig.11 The inner chamber of the locking cylinder 301 is divided into a first chamber 320 and a second chamber 321 by a partition wall 319;

[0213] The first unlocking piston 315 is disposed in the first chamber 320;

[0214] The second unlocking piston 316 and the locking spring 311 are disposed in the second chamber 321;

[0215] A locking pin 314 is disposed in the locking cylinder 301 , and the locking pin 314 penetrates the partition wall 319 and is fixed to the first unlocking piston 315 and the second unlocking piston 316 , so that the locking pin 314 moves axially synchronously with the first unlocking piston 315 and the second unlocking piston 316 ;

[0216] The locking spring 311 is disposed between the second unlocking piston 316 and the inner end wall of the locking cylinder 301 , and the locking spring 311 pushes the head of the locking pin 314 to extend out of the locking cylinder 301 ;

[0217] The locking cylinder 301 is provided with an eighth vent hole 708 and a ninth vent hole 709 ; the eighth vent hole 708 and the ninth vent hole 709 are both connected to the atmosphere.

[0218] The third vent hole 703, the fourth vent hole 704, and the eighth vent hole 708 are in communication with the first chamber 320; the fifth vent hole 705, the sixth vent hole 706, and the ninth vent hole 709 are in communication with the second chamber 321;

[0219] When only the elastic force of the locking spring 311 acts, the locking spring 311 pushes the head of the locking pin 314 out of the locking cylinder 301 to the extreme position through the second unlocking piston 316, the fourth vent hole 704 is connected with the eighth vent hole 708 through the first chamber 320, the fourth vent hole 704 is isolated from the third vent hole 703, the sixth vent hole 706 is connected with the ninth vent hole 709 through the second chamber 321, and the sixth vent hole 706 is isolated from the fifth vent hole 705;

[0220] The pressurized air entering the third air hole 703 pushes the first unlocking piston 315 away from the third air hole 703 to the extreme position, and the pressurized air entering the fifth air hole 705 pushes the second unlocking piston 316 away from the fifth air hole 705 to the extreme position, both of which can drive the head of the locking pin 314 to retract into the locking cylinder 301 to the extreme position and compress the locking spring 311. Then, the third air hole 703 is connected with the fourth air hole 704 through the first chamber 320, the fourth air hole 704 is separated from the eighth air hole 708, the fifth air hole 705 is connected with the sixth air hole 706 through the second chamber 321, and the sixth air hole 706 is separated from the ninth air hole 709.

[0221] Example 8

[0222] A sliding member is disposed in the locking cylinder 301 of the parking brake device, and the sliding member is a fixed member consisting of a first unlocking piston 315 , a first exhaust piston 317 , a second unlocking piston 316 , a second exhaust piston 318 and a locking pin 314 .

[0223] This embodiment is an improvement on the sliding member of embodiment 7, and is suitable for locking the inner cylinder body 202 of the screw sleeve locking type and locking ring locking type parking brake device of railway locomotives and vehicles and automatically controlling the external display device.

[0224] See Fig.12 , Fig.13 The inner chamber of the locking cylinder 301 is divided into a first chamber 320 and a second chamber 321 by a partition wall 319;

[0225] The first unlocking piston 315 and the first exhaust piston 317 are disposed in the first chamber 320;

[0226] The second unlocking piston 316 , the second exhaust piston 318 and the locking spring 311 are disposed in the second chamber 321 ;

[0227] A locking pin 314 is provided in the locking cylinder 301, and the locking pin 314 penetrates the partition wall 319 and is fixed to the first unlocking piston 315, the first exhaust piston 317, the second unlocking piston 316, and the second exhaust piston 318, so that the locking pin 314, the first unlocking piston 315, the first exhaust piston 317, the second unlocking piston 316, and the second exhaust piston 318 move axially synchronously;

[0228] The locking spring 311 is disposed between the second exhaust piston 318 and the inner end wall of the locking cylinder 301, and the locking spring 311 pushes the head of the locking pin 314 to extend out of the locking cylinder 301;

[0229] The locking cylinder 301 is provided with an eighth vent hole 708 , a second exhaust hole 710 , a ninth vent hole 709 and a third exhaust hole 711 ;

[0230] The third vent hole 703, the fourth vent hole 704, the eighth vent hole 708, and the second exhaust hole 710 are in communication with the first chamber 320; the fifth vent hole 705, the sixth vent hole 706, the ninth vent hole 709, and the third exhaust hole 711 are in communication with the second chamber 321;

[0231] When only the elastic force of the locking spring 311 acts, the locking spring 311 pushes the head of the locking pin 314 out of the locking cylinder 301 to the extreme position through the second exhaust piston 318, and the fourth vent hole 704 is connected with the eighth vent hole 708 through the first chamber 320, the fourth vent hole 704 is separated from the third vent hole 703, and the eighth vent hole 708 is separated from the second exhaust hole 710; the sixth vent hole 706 is connected with the ninth vent hole 709 through the second chamber 321, the sixth vent hole 706 is separated from the fifth vent hole 705, and the ninth vent hole 709 is separated from the third exhaust hole 711;

[0232] The pressurized air entering the third air hole 703 pushes the first unlocking piston 315 away from the third air hole 703 to the extreme position, and the pressurized air entering the fifth air hole 705 pushes the second unlocking piston 316 away from the fifth air hole 705 to the extreme position, both of which can drive the head of the locking pin 314 to retract into the locking cylinder 301 to the extreme position and compress the locking spring 311. Then, the third air hole 703 is connected with the fourth air hole 704 through the first chamber 320, the fourth air hole 704 is separated from the eighth air hole 708, and the eighth air hole 708 is connected with the second exhaust hole 710; the fifth air hole 705 is connected with the sixth air hole 706 through the second chamber 321, the sixth air hole 706 is separated from the ninth air hole 709, and the ninth air hole 709 is connected with the third exhaust hole 711.

[0233] The first unlocking piston 315, the first exhaust piston 317, the second unlocking piston 316 and the second exhaust piston 318 are connected in series to the locking pin 314 to form a fixed group, which is assembled in the locking cylinder 301. In this way, no matter whether the pressurized air of the fifth air pipe 105 enters the third vent hole 703 or the pressurized air of the tenth air pipe 110 enters the fifth vent hole 705, it can drive the head of the locking pin 314 to retract into the locking cylinder 301, thereby releasing the lock on the inner cylinder 202. Whether the pressurized air is discharged from the three air holes 703 or from the fifth air hole 705, the head of the locking pin 314 can be extended out of the locking cylinder 301 to lock the inner cylinder 202. At the same time, the passage from the eighth air hole 708 to the second air hole 710 is opened through the first exhaust piston 317, and the passage from the ninth air hole 709 to the third air hole 711 is opened through the second exhaust piston 318 to discharge the residual air from the display device cylinder 402 and eliminate the back pressure of the display device piston 401.

[0234] Example 9

[0235] The tensioning device is provided with a locking mechanism, and the locking mechanism is a screw sleeve locking.

[0236] This embodiment is an improvement on the ball locking mechanism of embodiment 5. This embodiment is suitable for locking the inner cylinder 202 of the parking brake device of railway locomotives and vehicles using a screw sleeve 322.

[0237] See Fig.10 , Fig.11 , Fig.12 , Fig.13 , the locking mechanism includes a screw sleeve 322 and a locking external thread 324;

[0238] The outer cylinder body 201 is rotatably matched with the screw sleeve 322, the outer wall of the inner cylinder body 202 is provided with the locking external thread 324, the inner wall of the screw sleeve 322 is provided with a locking internal thread rotatably matched with the locking external thread 324, and the outer wall of the screw sleeve 322 is provided with a tooth groove 323 adapted to the locking pin 314;

[0239] When the inner cylinder body 202 moves forward and backward, it can drive the screw sleeve 322 to rotate forward and reverse. When the locking pin 314 is inserted into the tooth groove 323, the screw sleeve 322 is prevented from rotating, thereby achieving the locking of the inner cylinder body 202.

[0240] Example 10

[0241] The tensioning device is provided with a locking mechanism, and the locking mechanism is a locking ring.

[0242] This embodiment is an improvement on the ball locking mechanism of embodiment 5 and the screw sleeve locking mechanism of embodiment 9. This embodiment is suitable for locking the inner cylinder body 202 of the parking brake device of railway locomotives and vehicles using a locking ring 325.

[0243] See Fig.14 , Fig.15 , Fig.16 , Fig.17 , the locking mechanism includes a locking ring 325 and a worm 329;

[0244] The outer cylinder body 201 is rotatably matched with a locking ring 325, and a worm gear 328 is provided on the outer surface of the locking ring 325. The locking ring 325 is rotatably matched with the worm 329 through the worm gear 328. The worm 329 is hinged with the locking pin 314. A strip-shaped pressing groove 326 is provided on the inner side of the locking ring 325. The strip-shaped pressing groove 326 is provided with an inclined surface with one end higher than the other end. The locking ball 312 is adapted in the strip-shaped pressing groove 326. The outer wall of the inner cylinder body 202 is provided with a locking groove 327 corresponding to the locking ball 312, and the middle part of the locking groove 327 is higher than the front and rear ends.

[0245] When the locking pin 314 is extended or retracted, it drives the worm 329 to rotate in place, and the worm 329 drives the locking ring 325 to rotate through the worm gear 328 .

[0246] When the locking pin 314 retracts, the locking ring 325 is driven by the worm 329 to rotate in the direction of unlocking the inner cylinder 202, and the inclined surface of the strip-shaped pressing groove 326 moves away from the locking ball 312, so that the locking ball 312 can move freely between the gap between the strip-shaped pressing groove 326 and the locking groove 327. At this time, the inner cylinder 202 is unlocked and can move axially;

[0247] When the locking pin 314 is extended, the locking ring 325 is driven by the worm 329 to rotate in the direction of locking the inner cylinder body 202, and the inclined surface of the strip pressure groove 326 pushes the locking ball 312 to move inward and press the locking groove 327, so that the locking ball 312 is fixed, and the inner cylinder body 202 is axially locked.

[0248] When the radial spacing between the strip pressure groove 326 and the locking groove 327 is greater than the diameter of the locking ball 312, the locking ball 312 can move freely between the strip pressure groove 326 and the locking groove 327, and the inner cylinder body 202 is not locked; when the radial spacing between the strip pressure groove 326 and the locking groove 327 is equal to the diameter of the locking ball 312, the strip pressure groove 326 and the locking groove 327 clamp the locking ball 312, and the locking ball 312 is fixed, and at this time, the inner cylinder body 202 is also locked accordingly.

[0249] Embodiment 11

[0250] The parking brake device is provided with the locking cylinder 301 , and the eighth vent hole 708 and the ninth vent hole 709 of the locking cylinder 301 are connected to an external pipeline leading to a display device.

[0251] This embodiment is used in conjunction with the solutions of Embodiment 6 and Embodiment 8, and is applicable to railway locomotives and vehicle parking brake devices provided with a display device, and the display device is automatically controlled by using the pressurized air entering the rear of the outer cylinder body 201 when parking relief is implemented or the pressurized air entering the front of the outer cylinder body 201 when parking brake is implemented.

[0252] See Figure 1 , Fig.10 , Fig.14 , Fig.18 The eighth vent hole 708 is communicated with the tenth vent hole 712 of the display device cylinder body 402 through the eighteenth air pipe 118; the ninth vent hole 709 is communicated with the eleventh vent hole 713 of the display device cylinder body 402 through the nineteenth air pipe 119;

[0253] An axially movable display device piston 401 is arranged in the display device cylinder body 402, and a transparent sealing cover is arranged on the outer surface of the display device cylinder body 402 for observing the position of the internal display device piston 401; when the lateral thrust of the eleventh air vent 713 is greater than the lateral thrust of the tenth air vent 712, the display device piston 401 moves to the front extreme position, and displays the parking brake state to the outside through the transparent sealing cover; when the lateral thrust of the tenth air vent 712 is greater than the lateral thrust of the eleventh air vent 713, the display device piston 401 moves to the rear extreme position, and displays the parking relief state to the outside through the transparent sealing cover.

[0254] The display device piston 401, the display device cylinder 402, and the transparent sealing cover are collectively referred to as a display device.

[0255] The purpose of providing the display device is to facilitate on-site operations or inspection personnel to check whether the vehicle has applied the parking brake.

[0256] Example 12

[0257] The parking brake device is provided with a delay device, which includes a first check valve 909 , the second air path on-off valve 802 , the delay air cylinder 904 , the first pressure regulating valve 912 , and a first shrink plug 905 .

[0258] This embodiment is applicable to the parking brake device of railway vehicles, which utilizes the air pressure change of the train pipe 901 to automatically control the parking relief and parking braking of the parking brake device.

[0259] See Figure 1 , Fig.10 , Fig.14 , a first check valve 909 is provided on the second air pipe 102, and the first check valve 909 only allows the pressurized air of the first air pipe 101 to flow to the third air pipe 103;

[0260] The third air pipe 103 is connected to one end of the thirteenth air pipe 113 and the fifteenth air pipe 115. The other end of the thirteenth air pipe 113 is connected to one end of the fourteenth air pipe 114 through the second air path on-off valve 802. The other end of the fourteenth air pipe 114 is connected to the atmosphere. The fourteenth air pipe 114 is provided with a first pressure regulating valve 912. In order to further increase the exhaust resistance, the first shrinkage plug 905 is further provided between the first pressure regulating valve 912 and the atmosphere on the fourteenth air pipe 114.

[0261] The other end of the fifteenth air pipe 115 is connected to the delay air cylinder 904;

[0262] The second air path on-off valve 802 is provided with a first control end 601 and a first return spring 501. The first control end 601 is connected to the second air pipe 102 through the twelfth air pipe 112. The pressurized air in and out of the twelfth air pipe 112 does not pass through the first check valve 909.

[0263] When the thrust of the first control end 601 is greater than the reset force of the first reset spring 501, the first control end 601 pushes the valve core to disconnect the thirteenth air pipe 113 from the fourteenth air pipe 114; when the thrust of the first control end 601 is less than the reset force of the first reset spring 501, the first reset spring 501 pushes the valve core to move in the opposite direction to connect the thirteenth air pipe 113 with the fourteenth air pipe 114.

[0264] The delay device is provided to extend the pressure drop time of the second control end 602. After the train pipe 901 is artificially depressurized to below the set value and after a period of time (to determine that the vehicle has stopped), the pressure of the second control end 602 is reduced to the set value. At this time, under the push of the second return spring 502, the vehicle's parking relief is converted to parking brake, that is, during the operation of the vehicle (the air pressure of the train pipe 901 is artificially filled with air to be higher than the set value), the parking brake device is always in the parking relief state to avoid the locomotive artificially depressurizing the train pipe 901 to implement air braking during the operation of the vehicle. The pressure of the second control end 602 also drops immediately, so that the compressed air of the air storage cylinder 903 enters the front end of the outer cylinder body 201 to implement parking braking, resulting in the superposition of the parking brake device and the air brake, which additionally increases the vehicle braking force and causes the rotating wheelset to slide.

[0265] Embodiment 13

[0266] The parking brake device is provided with an overpressure air charging device, and the overpressure air charging device includes a third air path on-off valve 803 , the third check valve 911 , and the fourth air path on-off valve 804 .

[0267] This embodiment is applicable to the parking brake device of railway vehicles, which utilizes the air pressure change of the train pipe 901 to automatically control the parking relief and parking braking of the parking brake device.

[0268] See Figure 1 , Fig.10 , Fig.14 The fifteenth air pipe 115 is provided with a third air circuit on-off valve 803, and the third air circuit on-off valve 803 is arranged between the third air pipe 103 and the delay air cylinder 904. The delay air cylinder 904 is connected to the seventh air pipe 107 through a third check valve 911. The third check valve 911 only allows the pressure air of the seventh air pipe 107 to flow to the delay air cylinder 904;

[0269] The valve core of the second gas circuit on-off valve 802 is linked with the valve core of the third gas circuit on-off valve 803, and the second gas circuit on-off valve 802 and the third gas circuit on-off valve 803 share the first control end 601 and the first return spring 501;

[0270] When the thrust of the first control end 601 is greater than the reset force of the first reset spring 501, the first control end 601 pushes the valve core to disconnect the time-delay air cylinder 904 from the third air pipe 103; when the thrust of the first control end 601 is less than the reset force of the first reset spring 501, the first reset spring 501 pushes the valve core to move in the reverse direction to connect the time-delay air cylinder 904 to the third air pipe 103;

[0271] The seventh air pipe 107 is provided with a fourth air circuit on-off valve 804, the fourth air circuit on-off valve 804 is connected to the second check valve 910 and the eighth air pipe 108, the fourth air circuit on-off valve 804 is provided with a fourth control end 604 and a fourth return spring 504, the fourth control end 604 is connected to the first air pipe 101;

[0272] When the thrust of the fourth control end 604 is greater than the reset force of the fourth reset spring 504, the fourth control end 604 pushes the valve core to connect the first air pipe 101 with the eighth air pipe 108; when the thrust of the fourth control end 604 is less than the reset force of the fourth reset spring 504, the fourth reset spring 504 pushes the valve core to move in the opposite direction to disconnect the first air pipe 101 from the eighth air pipe 108.

[0273] The purpose of setting up the overpressure charging device is to block the charging passage from the train pipe 901 to the air storage cylinder 903 and the delay air cylinder 904 under the normal working pressure of the train pipe 901. Only when the pressure of the train pipe 901 exceeds a certain value of the set pressure, the charging passage from the train pipe 901 to the air storage cylinder 903 and the delay air cylinder 904 is connected, so as to avoid unnecessary increase of pressurized air consumption of the train pipe 901 under the normal working pressure and prolong the time for artificially charging the train pipe 901 to the normal set pressure.

[0274] In order to adapt to the requirements of trains of different lengths for the filling time of the train pipe 901, a bypass pipeline can also be set at the front and rear ends of the fourth air path on-off valve 804 on the seventh air pipe 107, and a bypass valve can be set on the bypass pipeline; when the filling time of the train pipe 901 of the train is required to be short, the bypass valve can be closed so that when the train pipe 901 is filled with air normally, the air storage cylinder 903 and the delay air cylinder 904 will not be filled with air. When the train has sufficient filling time, the air storage cylinder 903 and the delay air cylinder 904 can be filled with air after the pressure value of the train pipe 901 is increased to an extraordinary pressure; when the train pipe 901 of the train has sufficient filling time, the bypass valve can be opened so that when the train pipe 901 is filled with air normally, the air storage cylinder 903 and the delay air cylinder 904 are also filled with air at the same time.

[0275] Embodiment 14

[0276] The parking brake device is provided with a slot-in valve, which is the sixth air path on-off valve 806 .

[0277] This embodiment is an improvement on the third and fourth embodiments, and is applicable to railway locomotives or vehicles that use ball locking or screw locking parking brakes to control the locking of the inner cylinder 202 .

[0278] See Figure 1 , Fig.10 , Fig.18 The eleventh air pipe 111 is connected to one end of the sixteenth air pipe 116, and the other end of the sixteenth air pipe 116 is connected to the atmosphere through the sixth air path on-off valve 806. The sixth air path on-off valve 806 is provided with a sixth control end 606, a seventh control end 607 and a sixth return spring 506. The thrust generated by the seventh control end 607 and the sixth return spring 506 have the same direction. The thrust generated by the sixth control end 606 is the same as the thrust generated by the seventh control end 607 and the sixth return spring 506. The thrust direction is opposite to that of the sixteenth air pipe 116, and the seventh control end 607 is connected to the tenth air pipe 110 through the seventeenth air pipe 117; when only the sixth control end 606 has pressurized air, the sixth air circuit on-off valve 806 connects the sixteenth air pipe 116 with the atmosphere, and in other cases, the sixth air circuit on-off valve 806 isolates the sixteenth air pipe 116 from the atmosphere, and the air hole of the sixth air circuit on-off valve 806 connected to the atmosphere is provided with a fourth shrinkage plug 908.

[0279] The purpose of providing the fourth shrinkage plug 908 is to prevent the air outlet speed of the air hole of the sixth air circuit on-off valve 806 to the atmosphere from being too fast, resulting in the inner cylinder body 202 moving forward quickly, causing the tensioning force of the parking brake device to drop significantly, and the locking ball 312 cannot enter the annular groove 313 or the locking pin 314 cannot enter the tooth groove 323, thereby locking the inner cylinder body 202.

[0280] The ball locking parking brake device is provided with the sixth air circuit on-off valve 806 for the following purpose: after the inner cylinder 202 moves backward and tightens the vehicle's basic brake device through the core rod 205, the pressure air in the front chamber of the locking cylinder 301 is discharged through the fifth vent hole 705, and the locking clamp 302 returns to the middle position from the rear extreme position and pushes the locking ball 312 into the annular groove 313. When the inner cylinder 202 is to be locked, if the locking ball 312 is just opposite to the corresponding annular groove 313, the locking ball 312 Under the push of the locking card 302, part of it smoothly enters the annular groove 313 to lock the inner cylinder 202, and the locking card 302 smoothly returns to the middle position. At this time, the thrust of the sixth control end 606 of the sixth gas path on-off valve 806 is less than the thrust of the seventh control end 607 + the sixth return spring 506 (the eleventh gas pipe 111 and the sixteenth gas pipe 116 are both connected to the atmosphere through the first concave groove 306 and the first exhaust hole 707), and the valve core of the sixth gas path on-off valve 806 does not move;

[0281] If the locking ball 312 is misaligned with the corresponding annular groove 313, the locking ball 312 cannot enter the annular groove 313, which blocks the locking card 302 from returning to the middle position. The locking card 302 can only move forward a short distance until the inclined surface of the front retreat groove 304 abuts against the locking ball 312. At this time, the front shoulder of the first concave groove 306 will cover the sixth vent 706, blocking the communication path between the sixth vent 706 and the fifth vent 705 (see Figure 4 or Figure 8 ), due to the presence of pressurized air in the front chamber of the outer cylinder body 201, the thrust of the sixth control end 606 of the sixth air circuit on-off valve 806 is greater than the seventh control end 607 (the seventeenth air pipe 117 is connected to the atmosphere through the tenth air pipe 110 and the second air circuit delayed two-position three-way reversing valve 808) + the thrust of the sixth reset spring 506, and the valve core of the sixth air circuit on-off valve 806 moves to connect the sixteenth air pipe 116 to the atmosphere, discharge part of the pressurized air in the front chamber of the outer cylinder body 201, reduce the backward thrust on the inner cylinder body 202, and under the elastic force of the pre-compression spring 204, the inner cylinder body 202 gradually moves forward, and the locking ball 312 is gradually aligned with the annular groove 313. Under the thrust of the locking card 302 to return to the middle position, the locking ball 312 partially enters the annular groove 313 to lock the inner cylinder body 202.

[0282] The sixth air circuit on-off valve 806 can be arranged on the control air circuit of the ball locking parking brake device or the screw sleeve locking parking brake device, and its function and principle are the same, which will not be described here.

[0283] Embodiment 15

[0284] The parking brake device is provided with a fifth air circuit on-off valve 805 .

[0285] This embodiment is applicable to the parking brake device of railway vehicles, which utilizes the air pressure change of the train pipe 901 to automatically control the parking relief and parking braking of the parking brake device.

[0286] See Figure 1 , Fig.10 , Fig.14 The eighth air pipe 108 is provided with a fifth air circuit on-off valve 805 , and the fifth air circuit on-off valve 805 is arranged between the air storage cylinder 903 and the second air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve 810 .

[0287] The fifth air circuit on-off valve 805 is provided for closing the fifth air circuit on-off valve 805 when the parking brake device fails or the tightening function of the parking brake device is prohibited in on-site operations, and artificially cutting off the tightening function of the parking brake device to keep it in a non-tightened state. When the tightening function of the parking brake device needs to be restored, the fifth air circuit on-off valve 805 is opened again to allow the pressurized air in the air storage cylinder 903 to enter the front end of the outer cylinder body 201 to tighten the basic brake device.

[0288] Example 16

[0289] The parking brake device is provided with a second pressure regulating valve 913 .

[0290] This embodiment is applicable to the parking brake device of railway vehicles, which utilizes the air pressure change of the train pipe 901 to automatically control the parking relief and parking braking of the parking brake device.

[0291] See Figure 1 , Fig.10 , Fig.14 The eighth air pipe 108 is provided with a second pressure regulating valve 913, which is provided between the air storage cylinder 903 and the second air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve 810. The second pressure regulating valve 913 is provided to artificially adjust the size of the air pressure that pushes the inner cylinder 202, thereby adjusting the pulling force of the parking brake device on the basic brake device, that is, the parking brake pressure of the brake shoe on the wheel, and can also be applied to the requirements of various levels of external pulling force without changing the size of the parking brake device.

[0292] Embodiment 17

[0293] The parking brake device is provided with a first air path on-off valve 801 and a dust filter 902 on the first air pipe 101 .

[0294] This embodiment is applicable to a parking brake device for a railway locomotive or a vehicle.

[0295] See Figure 1 , Fig.10 , Fig.14 , Fig.18 The first air path on-off valve 801 and the dust filter 902 are arranged between the second air pipe 102, the seventh air pipe 107 and the train pipe 901.

[0296] Manually closing the first air circuit on-off valve 801 can cut off the parking brake device, so that the pressurized air of the train pipe 901 no longer enters the air circuit control system of the parking brake device. It is suitable for cutting off after a failure of the air circuit control system pipeline and cylinder body. The dust filter 902 has the function of filtering the residue in the pressurized air in the train pipe 901, cleaning the pressurized air, and preventing the residue from hindering the normal operation of the parking brake device.

[0297] Working principle:

[0298] The core rod 205 of the parking brake device is connected to the existing basic brake device of the vehicle through a chain, a rope or a tension frame with a notch. When the parking is relieved, the chain, the rope or the tension frame with a notch is connected to the basic brake device in a loose state; when the parking brake is applied, the chain, the rope or the tension frame with a notch is connected to the basic brake device in a tightened state.

[0299] 1. Train management 901 uses artificial air filling and pressure boosting to implement vehicle parking relief

[0300] See Figure 1 , Fig.10 , Fig.14 At this time, the air pressure of the train pipe 901 is higher than the air pressure of the air pipeline system of the parking brake device, so the train pipe 901 charges the air pipeline system of the parking brake device, and the flow direction of the pressurized air in the air circuit control system and the action process of each component are as follows:

[0301] 1.1 The train pipe 901, the first gas path on-off valve 801 (located in the connecting position), the first gas pipe 101, and the dust filter 902 are divided into the following two paths:

[0302] 1.1.1 The second air pipe 102 and the first check valve 909 are divided into three routes:

[0303] 1.1.1.1 The third air pipe 103 enters the second control end 602 and the first air path two-position three-way reversing valve 809 respectively;

[0304] 1.1.1.2 Fifteenth air pipe 115, delayed air cylinder 904;

[0305] 1.1.1.3 The twelfth air pipe 112 and the first control end 601 of the second air path on-off valve 802. The valve core of the second air path on-off valve 802 moves to compress the first return spring 501 and cut off the passage between the thirteenth air pipe 113 and the fourteenth air pipe 114;

[0306] 1.1.2 Filling the air storage cylinder 903 (there are two different ways of filling):

[0307] 1.1.2.1 Air filling method without overpressure air filling device

[0308] Normal pressure air is artificially supplied to the train pipe 901, the seventh air pipe 107, the second check valve 910, the air storage cylinder 903, the eighth air pipe 108, the fifth air circuit on-off valve 805, the second pressure regulating valve 913, and the second air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve 810;

[0309] 1.1.2.2 Adding the air filling method of the above-mentioned overpressure air filling device

[0310] When the train pipe 901 is manually filled with normal pressure air, since the thrust of the fourth control end 604 of the fourth air circuit on-off valve 804 is insufficient to compress the fourth return spring 504, the first air pipe 101 and the eighth air pipe 108 cannot be connected, and the air storage cylinder 903 cannot be filled with air. However, the thrust of the first control end 601 is greater than the return force of the first return spring 501. Since the third air circuit on-off valve 803 and the second air circuit on-off valve 802 valve core are linked, the passage from the thirteenth air pipe 113 to the fourteenth air pipe 114 and the passage from the fifteenth air pipe 115 to the delay air cylinder 904 are cut off respectively, so that the delay air cylinder 904 cannot be filled with air.

[0311] When air exceeding the normal pressure is artificially supplied to the train pipe 901, at this time, the thrust of the fourth control end 604 of the fourth air path on-off valve 804 is greater than the spring return force of the fourth return spring 504, and the valve core moves to form the following air path:

[0312] The seventh air pipe 107, the second check valve 910, and the fourth air path on-off valve 804 are divided into two paths:

[0313] 1.1.2.2.1 The third check valve 911, the time-delay air cylinder 904, and the third gas circuit on-off valve 803 (at this time, the third gas circuit on-off valve 803 is pushed by the pressure air of the first control end 601, compressing the first return spring 501, and the third gas circuit on-off valve 803 is in the off state);

[0314] 1.1.2.2.2 Air storage cylinder 903, eighth air pipe 108, fifth air circuit on-off valve 805, second pressure regulating valve 913, second air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve 810;

[0315] 1.2 Gas path conversion

[0316] Due to the air charging and pressurization of the second control end 602, the valve cores of the first gas path two-position three-way reversing valve 809 and the second gas path two-position three-way reversing valve 810 are pushed to move and compress the second return spring 502, so that the third gas pipe 103 is connected with the fourth gas pipe 104, the fourth gas pipe 104 is isolated from the atmosphere, the eighth gas pipe 108 is isolated from the ninth gas pipe 109, and the ninth gas pipe 109 is connected with the atmosphere;

[0317] 1.3 Restoration Path

[0318] Previously, after the ninth air pipe 109 is connected to the atmosphere, the following passage is formed:

[0319] The fifth control end 605 of the second air circuit delayed two-position three-way reversing valve 808 (before the parking brake device implements air charging and parking relief, the parking brake device is in the parking brake state, in which the fifth control end 605 of the second air circuit delayed two-position three-way reversing valve 808 is full of pressurized air), the third shrink plug 907, the ninth air pipe 109, the second air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve 810, and the atmosphere. The fifth return spring 505 pushes the valve core to move, causing the second air circuit delayed two-position three-way reversing valve 808 to connect the tenth air pipe 110 with the ninth air pipe 109, and the tenth air pipe 110 is isolated from the atmospheric passage, making air circuit preparation for the subsequent parking brake.

[0320] 1.4 Unlock

[0321] Previously, after the third air pipe 103 and the fourth air pipe 104 are connected in 1.2, the following passage is formed:

[0322] The fourth air pipe 104, the first air path delayed two-position three-way reversing valve 807 (the existence of the second shrink plug 906, at the beginning the reset force of the third reset spring 503 is greater than the thrust of the pressurized air of the third control end 603, then the fourth air pipe 104 and the fifth air pipe 105 are connected), the fifth air pipe 105, the third vent hole 703, and the locking cylinder 301;

[0323] There are three different unlocking methods for the three locking devices: ball locking, screw locking, and locking ring locking:

[0324] 1.4.1 Unlocking the ball lock

[0325] 1.4.1.1 Situation where slider 309 is not set (see Figure 3 )

[0326] Push the locking card 302 to move to the front extreme position, the rear retreat groove 305 faces the locking ball 312, and the locking ball 312 partially enters the rear retreat groove 305, so that the inner cylinder 202 is unlocked, and at the same time, the third vent hole 703 is connected to the fourth vent hole 704, and the sixth vent hole 706 is connected to the first exhaust hole 707;

[0327] 1.4.1.2 Condition where a slider 309 is provided (see Figure 6 )

[0328] Push the locking card 302 to move to the front extreme position, and the rear shoulder of the first concave groove 306 of the locking card 302 pushes the slider 309 to move forward a certain distance. At the same time, the rear retreat groove 305 is opposite to the locking ball 312, and the locking ball 312 partially enters the rear retreat groove 305, so that the inner cylinder body 202 is unlocked, and at the same time, the passage from the third vent hole 703 to the fourth vent hole 704 is connected, and the sixth vent hole 706, the ninth vent hole 709 and the first exhaust hole 707 are connected.

[0329] 1.4.2 Unlocking the screw locking device

[0330] 1.4.2.1 The situation where the first exhaust piston 317 and the second exhaust piston 318 are not provided (see Fig.11 , Fig.13 )

[0331] The locking pin 314 is pushed back into the locking cylinder 301, and the head of the locking pin 314 is separated from the tooth groove 323 on the outer surface of the screw sleeve 322, so that the inner cylinder 202 is unlocked relative to the outer cylinder 201, and at the same time, the passage from the third vent hole 703 to the fourth vent hole 704 and the passage from the fifth vent hole 705 to the sixth vent hole 706 are connected.

[0332] 1.4.2.2 The first exhaust piston 317 and the second exhaust piston 318 are provided (see Fig.12 , Fig.13 )

[0333] The locking pin 314 is pushed to retract into the locking cylinder 301, and the head of the locking pin 314 is separated from the tooth groove 323 on the outer surface of the screw sleeve 322, so that the inner cylinder 202 is unlocked relative to the outer cylinder 201, and at the same time, the third air vent 703 is connected to the fourth air vent 704, the eighth air vent 708 is connected to the second exhaust hole 710, the fifth air vent 705 is connected to the sixth air vent 706, and the ninth air vent 709 is connected to the third exhaust hole 711.

[0334] 1.4.3 Unlocking the locking ring locking device

[0335] 1.4.3.1 The situation where the first exhaust piston 317 and the second exhaust piston 318 are not provided (see Fig.15 , Fig.17 )

[0336] The locking pin 314 is pushed back into the locking cylinder 301, and the locking pin 314 pulls the worm 329 to rotate and drives the locking ring 325 to rotate. The strip pressure groove 326 no longer presses the locking ball 312, so that the inner cylinder 202 is unlocked relative to the outer cylinder 201, and at the same time, the passage from the third vent hole 703 to the fourth vent hole 704, and the passage from the fifth vent hole 705 to the sixth vent hole 706 are connected.

[0337] 1.4.3.2 The first exhaust piston 317 and the second exhaust piston 318 are provided (see Fig.16 , Fig.17 )

[0338] The locking pin 314 is pushed to retract into the locking cylinder body 301, and the locking pin 314 pulls the worm 329 to rotate and drives the locking ring 325 to rotate. The strip pressure groove 326 no longer presses the locking ball 312, so that the inner cylinder body 202 is unlocked relative to the outer cylinder body 201, and at the same time, the third air vent 703 is connected to the fourth air vent 704, the eighth air vent 708 is connected to the second exhaust hole 710, the fifth air vent 705 is connected to the sixth air vent 706, and the ninth air vent 709 is connected to the third exhaust hole 711.

[0339] 1.5 Parking relief

[0340] There are three parking relief methods for the three locking devices: ball locking, screw sleeve locking, and locking ring locking:

[0341] 1.5.1 Ball lock parking relief

[0342] 1.5.1.1 Elimination of air back pressure

[0343] 1.5.1.1.1 Slider 309 is not set ( Figure 1 , Figure 3 )

[0344] The air in the front chamber of the outer cylinder 201 passes through the second vent hole 702, the eleventh air pipe 111, the sixth vent hole 706, the first concave groove 306 (previously, 1.4.1.1 the sixth vent hole 706 is connected to the first exhaust hole 707), the first exhaust hole 707, and the atmosphere, thereby eliminating the air back pressure of the inner cylinder 202 moving forward;

[0345] 1.5.1.1.2 Conditions with slider 309: (see Figure 1 , Figure 6 )

[0346] The air in the front chamber of the outer cylinder 201 is discharged: through the second vent hole 702, the eleventh air pipe 111, the sixth vent hole 706, the second concave groove 310 (the sixth vent hole 706 is connected to the first exhaust hole 707 in 1.4.1.2 above), the first exhaust hole 707, and the atmosphere, eliminating the air back pressure of the inner cylinder 202 moving forward;

[0347] The pressurized air that enters the rear chamber of the display device cylinder 402 when the parking brake is previously applied passes through the eleventh vent hole 713, the nineteenth air pipe 119, the ninth vent hole 709, the second concave groove 310 (the ninth vent hole 709 in the previous 1.4.1.2 is connected to the first exhaust hole 707), the first exhaust hole 707, and the atmosphere, thereby eliminating the air back pressure when the display device piston 401 moves backward;

[0348] 1.5.1.2 Air filling in the rear chamber of the outer cylinder 201

[0349] Previously, the third vent hole 703 of 1.4.1.1 and 1.4.1.2 is connected to the fourth vent hole 704, so the fourth vent hole 704, the sixth air pipe 106, the first vent hole 701, and the rear chamber of the outer cylinder body 201 push the inner cylinder body 202 to slide to the front extreme position, thereby achieving parking relief of the parking brake device.

[0350] 1.5.2 Screw-lock parking relief

[0351] 1.5.2.1 Elimination of air back pressure

[0352] 1.5.2.1.1 Condition where the first exhaust piston 317 and the second exhaust piston 318 are not provided ( Fig.11 , Fig.10 )

[0353] The air in the front chamber of the outer cylinder 201 passes through the second vent 702, the eleventh air pipe 111, the sixth vent 706, the second chamber 321 (the fifth vent 705 and the sixth vent 706 are connected in 1.4.2.1 above), the fifth vent 705, the tenth air pipe 110, the second air circuit delayed two-position three-way reversing valve 808 (in 1.3 above, the tenth air pipe 110 is connected to the ninth air pipe 109), the ninth air pipe 109, the second air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve 810 (in 1.2 above, the ninth air pipe 109 is connected to the atmosphere), and the atmosphere, thereby eliminating the air back pressure of the inner cylinder 202 moving forward;

[0354] 1.5.2.1.2 The first exhaust piston 317 and the second exhaust piston 318 are provided (see Fig.12 , Fig.10 )

[0355] The air in the front chamber of the outer cylinder 201 passes through the second vent 702, the eleventh air pipe 111, the sixth vent 706, the second chamber 321 (the fifth vent 705 and the sixth vent 706 are connected in 1.4.2.1 above), the fifth vent 705, the tenth air pipe 110, the second air circuit delayed two-position three-way reversing valve 808 (in 1.3 above, the tenth air pipe 110 is connected to the ninth air pipe 109), the ninth air pipe 109, the second air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve 810 (in 1.2 above, the ninth air pipe 109 is connected to the atmosphere), and the atmosphere, thereby eliminating the air back pressure of the inner cylinder 202 moving forward;

[0356] The pressurized air that enters the rear chamber of the display device cylinder 402 when the parking brake is previously applied passes through the eleventh vent hole 713, the nineteenth air pipe 119, the ninth vent hole 709, the second chamber 321 (the first vent hole 709 and the third exhaust hole 711 in the previous 1.4.2.2 are connected), the third exhaust hole 711, and the atmosphere, thereby eliminating the air back pressure when the display device piston 401 moves backward;

[0357] 1.5.2.2 Air filling in the rear chamber of the outer cylinder 201

[0358] Previously, in 1.4.2.1 and 1.4.2.2, the third vent hole 703 is connected to the fourth vent hole 704, so the fourth vent hole 704, the sixth air pipe 106, the first vent hole 701, and the rear chamber of the outer cylinder body 201 push the inner cylinder body 202 to slide to the front extreme position, thereby achieving parking relief of the parking brake device.

[0359] 1.5.3 Locking ring lock-type parking relief (see Fig.14 , Fig.15 , Fig.16 , Fig.17 )

[0360] Similar to 1.5.2, so I won’t repeat it here.

[0361] 1.6 Cut off the gas supply (see Figure 1 , Fig.10 , Fig.14 )

[0362] As the train pipe 901 is artificially charged with air and pressurized, the first air path delays the third control end 603 of the two-position three-way reversing valve 807 (due to the second shrink plug 906, the thrust of the pressurized air gradually exceeds the reset force of the third reset spring 503), and the pressurized air gradually pushes the valve core to move and compress the third reset spring 503, so that the fifth air pipe 105 and the fourth air pipe 104 are disconnected, and the fifth air pipe 105 is connected to the atmosphere;

[0363] After the air supply of the fourth air pipe 104 continues for a period of time, after the parking brake device is charged and parked and relieved, the air supply is disconnected through the first air circuit delayed two-position three-way reversing valve 807 to prevent the fourth air pipe 104 from continuously supplying air to the air circuit control system passage, which may cause abnormal pressure drop in the train pipe 901 due to possible leakage at various sealing points, thereby interfering with the normal artificial air charging and pressurization, pressure maintenance and artificial exhaust and pressure reduction of the vehicle's train pipe 901.

[0364] 1.7 Lock the inner cylinder 202

[0365] There are three ways to lock the inner cylinder 202 corresponding to the three locking devices of ball locking, screw sleeve locking and locking ring locking:

[0366] 1.7.1 Ball lock type locking

[0367] As mentioned above in 1.6, since the fifth air pipe 105 is connected to the atmosphere, the pressurized air in the rear chamber of the locking cylinder 301 is discharged through the third vent hole 703. Under the push of the locking springs 311 at the front and rear sides, the locking card 302 returns to the middle position of the locking cylinder 301;

[0368] 1.7.1.1 Slider 309 is not set (see Figure 3 , Figure 2 )

[0369] The locking ball 312 is partially pushed into the annular groove 313 (it is pre-set that when the inner cylinder 202 is at the front extreme position, the locking ball 312 is directly opposite to the corresponding annular groove 313), the inner cylinder 202 is locked at the front extreme position, and the fourth vent hole 704, the sixth vent hole 706 and the first exhaust hole 707 are connected at the same time;

[0370] 1.7.1.2 Condition with slider 309 (see Figure 6 , Figure 7 )

[0371] The front shoulder 307 of the first concave groove 306 of the locking card 302 pushes the slider 309 to move back a distance, connecting the fourth air hole 704 and the eighth air hole 708, the sixth air hole 706, the ninth air hole 709 and the first exhaust hole 707, and at the same time pushes the locking ball 312 partially into the annular groove 313 (it is pre-set that when the inner cylinder body 202 is at the front extreme position, the locking ball 312 is opposite to the corresponding annular groove 313), locking the inner cylinder body 202 at the front extreme position.

[0372] 1.7.2 Screw-type locking

[0373] 1.7.2.1 The first exhaust piston 317 and the second exhaust piston 318 are not provided (see Fig.11 )

[0374] Previously, in 1.6, since the fifth air pipe 105 is connected to the atmosphere, the pressurized air in the first chamber 320 is discharged through the third vent hole 703. Under the push of the locking spring 311, the locking pin 314 is inserted into the tooth groove 323 of the screw sleeve 322 (it is pre-set that when the inner cylinder body 202 is at the front extreme position, the head of the locking pin 314 is opposite to the corresponding tooth groove 323), locking the inner cylinder body 202 at the front extreme position, and at the same time connecting the passage between the fourth vent hole 704 and the eighth vent hole 708, the passage between the sixth vent hole 706 and the ninth vent hole 709, and blocking the passage between the third vent hole 703 and the fourth vent hole 704, and the passage between the fifth vent hole 705 and the sixth vent hole 706;

[0375] 1.7.2.2 The first exhaust piston 317 and the second exhaust piston 318 are provided (see Fig.12 , Fig.13 )

[0376] Previously, in 1.6, since the fifth air pipe 105 is connected to the atmosphere, the pressurized air in the first chamber 320 is discharged through the third vent hole 703. Under the push of the locking spring 311, the locking pin 314 is inserted into the tooth groove 323 of the screw sleeve 322 (it is pre-set that when the inner cylinder body 202 is at the front extreme position, the head of the locking pin 314 is opposite to the corresponding tooth groove 323), the inner cylinder body 202 is locked at the front extreme position, and at the same time, the passage between the fourth vent hole 704 and the eighth vent hole 708, the passage between the sixth vent hole 706 and the ninth vent hole 709 are connected, and the passage between the third vent hole 703 and the fourth vent hole 704, the passage between the eighth vent hole 708 and the second exhaust hole 710, the passage between the fifth vent hole 705 and the sixth vent hole 706, and the passage between the ninth vent hole 709 and the third exhaust hole 711 are cut off.

[0377] 1.7.3 Locking ring locking

[0378] 1.7.3.1 The first exhaust piston 317 and the second exhaust piston 318 are not provided (see Fig.15 , Fig.17 )

[0379] As mentioned above in 1.6, since the fifth air pipe 105 is connected to the atmosphere, the pressurized air in the first chamber 320 is discharged through the third vent hole 703. Under the push of the locking spring 311, the locking pin 314 pushes the worm 329 to rotate in the opposite direction and drives the locking ring 325 to rotate in the opposite direction. The strip-shaped pressing groove 326 presses the locking ball 312 against the locking groove 327, locking the inner cylinder 202 at the front extreme position, and at the same time connecting the passages of the fourth vent hole 704 and the eighth vent hole 708, the passages of the sixth vent hole 706 and the ninth vent hole 709, and blocking the passages of the third vent hole 703 and the fourth vent hole 704, and the passages of the fifth vent hole 705 and the sixth vent hole 706;

[0380] 1.7.3.2 The first exhaust piston 317 and the second exhaust piston 318 are provided (see Fig.16 , Fig.17 )

[0381] Previously, in 1.6, since the fifth air pipe 105 is connected to the atmosphere, the pressurized air in the first chamber 320 is discharged through the third vent hole 703. Under the push of the locking spring 311, the locking pin 314 pushes the worm 329 to rotate in the opposite direction and drives the locking ring 325 to rotate in the opposite direction, and the strip pressure groove 326 presses the locking ball 312 against the locking groove 327, locking the inner cylinder 202 at the front extreme position, while connecting the passages of the fourth vent hole 704 and the eighth vent hole 708, the passages of the sixth vent hole 706 and the ninth vent hole 709, and blocking the passages of the third vent hole 703 and the fourth vent hole 704, the eighth vent hole 708 and the second exhaust hole 710, the fifth vent hole 705 and the sixth vent hole 706, and the ninth vent hole 709 and the third exhaust hole 711.

[0382] 1.8 Exhaust of residual air from the rear chamber of the outer cylinder 201

[0383] There are three ways of discharging residual air from the rear chamber of the outer cylinder 201 corresponding to the three locking devices of ball locking type, screw sleeve locking type and locking ring locking type:

[0384] 1.8.1 Exhaust of residual air from the rear chamber of the outer cylinder 201 of the ball lock parking brake device

[0385] 1.8.1.1 Slider 309 is not set (see Figure 2 )

[0386] Previously, 1.7.1.1 the fourth vent hole 704 is connected to the first exhaust hole 707, so that the pressurized air in the rear chamber of the outer cylinder body 201 passes through the first vent hole 701, the sixth air pipe 106, the fourth vent hole 704, the first concave groove 306, the first exhaust hole 707, and the atmosphere.

[0387] 1.8.1.2 Condition with slider 309 (see Figure 7 )

[0388] Previously, the fourth air vent 704 of 1.7.1.2 is connected to the eighth air vent 708, so that the pressurized air in the rear chamber of the outer cylinder body 201 passes through the first air vent 701, the sixth air pipe 106, the fourth air vent 704, the first concave groove 306, the eighth air vent 708, the eighteenth air pipe 118, the tenth air vent 712, and the front chamber of the display device cylinder body 402, pushing the display device piston 401 to move backward to the extreme position (previously 1.5.1.1.2 has eliminated the air back pressure when the display device piston 401 moves backward), and displays to the outside through the transparent sealing cover that the vehicle is in a parking relief state.

[0389] 1.8.2 Exhaust of residual air from the rear chamber of the outer cylinder 201 of the screw-locked parking brake device

[0390] 1.8.2.1 The first exhaust piston 317 and the second exhaust piston 318 are not provided (see Fig.11 , Fig.10 )

[0391] Previously, 1.7.2.1 the fourth air vent 704 is connected to the eighth air vent 708 (when no external display device is connected, the eighth air vent 708 is connected to the atmosphere), so that the pressurized air in the rear chamber of the outer cylinder body 201 passes through the first air vent 701, the sixth air pipe 106, the fourth air vent 704, the first chamber 320, the eighth air vent 708, and the atmosphere.

[0392] 1.8.2.2 The first exhaust piston 317 and the second exhaust piston 318 are provided (see Fig.12 , Fig.10 )

[0393] Previously, the fourth air vent 704 of 1.7.2.2 was connected to the eighth air vent 708, so that the pressurized air in the rear chamber of the outer cylinder body 201 passed through the first air vent 701, the sixth air pipe 106, the fourth air vent 704, the first chamber 320, the eighth air vent 708, the eighteenth air pipe 118, the tenth air vent 712, and the front chamber of the display device cylinder body 402, pushing the display device piston 401 to move backward to the extreme position (previously 1.5.2.1.2 had eliminated the air back pressure when the display device piston 401 moved backward), and displayed to the outside through the transparent sealing cover that the vehicle was in a parking relief state.

[0394] 1.8.3 Locking ring locking parking brake device outer cylinder 201 rear chamber residual air discharge (see Fig.14 , Fig.15 , Fig.16 )

[0395] Similar to 1.8.2, so I won’t repeat it here.

[0396] 2. Train control 901 implements vehicle parking brake for ventilation and pressure reduction

[0397] See Figure 1 , Fig.10 , Fig.14 At this time, the train pipe 901 is artificially exhausted to reduce the pressure. The air pressure of the air circuit control system is higher than the air pressure of the train pipe 901. Then the pressure air of the air circuit control system flows back to the train pipe 901. The flow direction of the pressure air in the air circuit control system and the action process of each component are as follows:

[0398] 2.1 Second control terminal 602 exhaust:

[0399] Since the train pipe 901 is artificially exhausted and decompressed, the air pressure of the first control end 601 is higher than that of the train pipe 901, so the pressure air of the first control end 601 flows back to the train pipe 901, and its flow path is: the first control end 601 of the second air path on-off valve 802, the twelfth air pipe 112, the second air pipe 102, the first air pipe 101, the dust filter 902, the first air path on-off valve 801 (located in the connecting position), and the train pipe 901;

[0400] As the air pressure at the first control end 601 decreases, the first return spring 501 pushes the valve core to connect the thirteenth air pipe 113 with the fourteenth air pipe 114 .

[0401] Due to the obstruction of the first check valve 909, the pressurized air from the delay air cylinder 904 enters the fifteenth air pipe 115, and the pressurized air flowing out from the second control end 602 enters the third air pipe 103, and converges together to enter the thirteenth air pipe 113, the second air path on-off valve 802, the fourteenth air pipe 114, the first pressure regulating valve 912, the first shrink plug 905, and the atmosphere.

[0402] At this time, the air pressure of the second control end 602 is consistent with that of the delay air cylinder 904. Due to the decompression effect of the first pressure regulating valve 912, the air pressure of the first pressure regulating valve 912 entering the first shrinkage plug 905 drops significantly. In addition, the obstruction of the first shrinkage plug 905 causes the air pressure of the second control end 602 and the delay air cylinder 904 to drop slowly. After a delay time interval, the air pressure of the second control end 602 and the delay air cylinder 904 both drops to the set conversion pressure value.

[0403] 2.2 Gas path conversion

[0404] In the above 2.1, the air pressure of the second control end 602 drops to the set conversion pressure value, the reset force of the second reset spring 502 is greater than the thrust of the second control end 602, and the second reset spring 502 pushes the valve cores of the first air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve 809 and the second air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve 810 to move in the opposite direction, so that the third air pipe 103 is isolated from the fourth air pipe 104, the fourth air pipe 104 is connected to the atmosphere, the eighth air pipe 108 is connected to the ninth air pipe 109, and the ninth air pipe 109 is isolated from the atmosphere.

[0405] 2.3 Restoration Path

[0406] After the fourth air pipe 104 in 2.2 is connected to the atmosphere, the following passage is formed:

[0407] The third control end 603 of the first air circuit delayed two-position three-way reversing valve 807 (before the parking brake device implements the exhaust parking brake, the parking brake device is in the parking relief state, in which the third control end 603 of the first air circuit delayed two-position three-way reversing valve 807 is sufficient with pressurized air), the second shrink plug 906, the fourth air pipe 104, the first air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve 809, and the atmosphere. The third reset spring 503 pushes the valve core to move, and the first air circuit delayed two-position three-way reversing valve 807 connects the fourth air pipe 104 with the fifth air pipe 105, and the fifth air pipe 105 is isolated from the atmospheric passage, making air circuit preparation for the subsequent parking relief.

[0408] 2.4 Unlock

[0409] After the eighth air pipe 108 and the ninth air pipe 109 are connected in 2.2 above, the following passage is formed:

[0410] The air storage cylinder 903, the eighth air pipe 108, the fifth air circuit on-off valve 805 (located in the open position), the second pressure regulating valve 913, the second air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve 810, the ninth air pipe 109 (the third shrink plug 907 exists, and the reset force of the fifth reset spring 505 is greater than the thrust of the pressurized air of the fifth control end 605 at the beginning, so the ninth air pipe 109 and the tenth air pipe 110 are connected), the tenth air pipe 110, and the fifth vent hole 705 enter the locking cylinder 301;

[0411] There are three unlocking methods for the three locking devices: ball locking, screw locking, and locking ring locking:

[0412] 2.4.1 Unlocking method of ball lock:

[0413] 2.4.1.1 Condition without slider 309 (see Figure 4 )

[0414] The compressed air pushes the locking card 302 to move to the rear extreme position, and the locking ball 312 partially enters the front retreat groove 304, the inner cylinder 202 is unlocked relative to the outer cylinder 201, and at the same time, the fifth vent hole 705 is connected to the sixth vent hole 706 through the locking cylinder 301, and the fourth vent hole 704, the third vent hole 703 and the first exhaust hole 707 are connected through the first concave groove 306;

[0415] 2.4.1.2 Condition with Slider 309 (see Figure 8 )

[0416] The compressed air pushes the locking card 302 to move to the rear extreme position, and the front shoulder 307 of the first concave groove 306 pushes the slider 309 to move back a certain distance. The locking ball 312 partially enters the front retreat groove 304, and the inner cylinder body 202 is unlocked relative to the outer cylinder body 201. At the same time, the fifth air hole 705 to the sixth air hole 706 are connected through the locking cylinder body 301, and the fourth air hole 704, the eighth air hole 708 and the first exhaust hole 707 are connected through the second concave groove 310.

[0417] 2.4.2 Unlocking method of screw sleeve locking type:

[0418] 2.4.2.1 Condition without the first exhaust piston 317 and the second exhaust piston 318 (see Fig.11 )

[0419] The locking pin 314 is pushed to retract into the locking cylinder 301, and the head of the locking pin 314 is separated from the tooth groove 323 on the outer surface of the screw sleeve 322, so that the inner cylinder 202 is unlocked relative to the outer cylinder 201, and at the same time, the fifth vent hole 705 is connected to the sixth vent hole 706, and the passage from the third vent hole 703 to the fourth vent hole 704 is connected;

[0420] 2.4.2.2 The first exhaust piston 317 and the second exhaust piston 318 are provided (see Fig.12 )

[0421] The locking pin 314 is pushed to retract into the locking cylinder 301, and the head of the locking pin 314 is separated from the tooth groove 323 on the outer surface of the screw sleeve 322, so that the inner cylinder 202 is unlocked relative to the outer cylinder 201, and at the same time, the fifth air vent 705 and the sixth air vent 706, the third air vent 703 to the fourth air vent 704, the eighth air vent 708 and the second exhaust hole 710, and the ninth air vent 709 and the third exhaust hole 711 are connected.

[0422] 2.4.3 Unlocking method of locking ring

[0423] 2.4.3.1 Condition without the first exhaust piston 317 and the second exhaust piston 318 (see Fig.15 )

[0424] The locking pin 314 is pushed to retract into the locking cylinder 301, and the locking pin 314 pulls the worm 329 to rotate and drives the locking ring 325 to rotate, and the strip-shaped pressing groove 326 no longer presses the locking ball 312, so that the inner cylinder 202 is unlocked relative to the outer cylinder 201, and at the same time, the fifth vent 705 and the sixth vent 706, and the passage from the third vent 703 to the fourth vent 704 are connected;

[0425] 2.4.3.2 The first exhaust piston 317 and the second exhaust piston 318 are provided (see Fig.16 )

[0426] The locking pin 314 is pushed to retract into the locking cylinder body 301, and the locking pin 314 pulls the worm 329 to rotate and drives the locking ring 325 to rotate. The strip pressure groove 326 no longer presses the locking ball 312, so that the inner cylinder body 202 is unlocked relative to the outer cylinder body 201, and at the same time, the fifth air vent 705 and the sixth air vent 706, the third air vent 703 to the fourth air vent 704, the eighth air vent 708 and the second exhaust hole 710, and the ninth air vent 709 and the third exhaust hole 711 are connected.

[0427] 2.5 Apply parking brake

[0428] 2.5.1 Air Exhaust from the Rear Chamber of the Outer Cylinder 201 and the Front Chamber of the Display Cylinder 402

[0429] There are three discharge methods for the three locking devices: ball locking, screw sleeve locking, and locking ring locking:

[0430] 2.5.1.1 Ball lock type discharge method:

[0431] 2.5.1.1.1 Condition without slider 309 (see Figure 1 , Figure 4 )

[0432] The air in the rear chamber of the outer cylinder body 201 passes through the first vent hole 701, the sixth air pipe 106, the fourth vent hole 704, the first concave groove 306 (the fourth vent hole 704 is connected to the first exhaust hole 707 in 2.4.1.1 above), the first exhaust hole 707, and the atmosphere, thereby eliminating the air back pressure of the inner cylinder body 202 moving backward.

[0433] 2.5.1.1.2 Condition where slider 309 is provided

[0434] The exhaust of the air in the rear chamber of the outer cylinder 201 (see Figure 8 )

[0435] The first air vent 701, the sixth air pipe 106, the fourth air vent 704, the second concave groove 310 (the fourth air vent 704 is connected to the first exhaust hole 707 in 2.4.1.2 above), the first exhaust hole 707, and the atmosphere eliminate the air back pressure caused by the backward movement of the inner cylinder body 202.

[0436] The pressure air in the front chamber of the display device cylinder 402 is discharged (see Figure 1 , Figure 8 )

[0437] The pressurized air previously entering the front chamber of the display device cylinder 402 in 1.8.1.2 passes through the tenth air vent 712, the eighteenth air pipe 118, the eighth air vent 708, the second concave groove 310 (the eighth air vent 708 in the previous 2.4.1.2 is connected to the first exhaust hole 707), the first exhaust hole 707, and the atmosphere, thereby eliminating the back pressure when the display device piston 401 moves forward subsequently.

[0438] 2.5.1.2 Screw-locked discharge method

[0439] 2.5.1.2.1 Condition without the first exhaust piston 317 and the second exhaust piston 318 (see Fig.11 )

[0440] The air in the rear chamber of the outer cylinder 201 passes through the first vent 701, the sixth air pipe 106, the fourth vent 704, the first chamber 320 (previously 2.4.2.2, the third vent 703 is connected to the fourth vent 704), the third vent 703, the fifth air pipe 105, the first air circuit delayed two-position three-way reversing valve 807 (previously 2.3, the fifth air pipe 105 is connected to the fourth air pipe 104), the fourth air pipe 104, the first air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve 809 (previously 2.2, the fourth air pipe 104 is connected to the atmosphere), and the atmosphere, thereby eliminating the air back pressure of the inner cylinder 202 moving backward;

[0441] 2.5.1.2.2 Conditions with the first exhaust piston 317 and the second exhaust piston 318

[0442] The exhaust of the air in the rear chamber of the outer cylinder 201 (see Fig.12 , Fig.10 )

[0443] The air in the rear chamber of the outer cylinder 201 passes through the first vent 701, the sixth air pipe 106, the fourth vent 704, the first chamber 320 (previously 2.4.2.2, the third vent 703 is connected to the fourth vent 704), the third vent 703, the fifth air pipe 105, the first air circuit delayed two-position three-way reversing valve 807 (previously 2.3, the fifth air pipe 105 is connected to the fourth air pipe 104), the fourth air pipe 104, the first air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve 809 (previously 2.2, the fourth air pipe 104 is connected to the atmosphere), and the atmosphere, thereby eliminating the air back pressure of the inner cylinder 202 moving backward;

[0444] The pressure air in the front chamber of the display device cylinder 402 is discharged (see Fig.10 , Fig.12 )

[0445] The pressurized air previously entering the front chamber of the display device cylinder 402 in 1.8.2.2 passes through the tenth air vent 712, the eighteenth air pipe 118, the eighth air vent 708, the first chamber 320 (the eighth air vent 708 in the previous 2.4.2.2 is connected to the first exhaust hole 707), the second exhaust hole 710, and the atmosphere, thereby eliminating the back pressure when the display device piston 401 moves forward subsequently.

[0446] 2.5.1.3 Locking ring locking type discharge method:

[0447] See Fig.14 , Fig.15 , Fig.16 , the path is the same as the previous 2.5.1.2.

[0448] The air back pressure when the inner cylinder body 202 moves backward and the display device piston 401 moves forward subsequently is eliminated.

[0449] 2.5.2 Air entering the front chamber of the outer cylinder 201

[0450] See Figure 1 , Figure 4 , Figure 8 , Fig.10 , Fig.11 , Fig.12 or Fig.14 , Fig.15 , Fig.16 , following the previous 2.4, the fifth vent hole 705, the locking cylinder 301, the sixth vent hole 706, the eleventh air pipe 111, the second vent hole 702, and the front chamber of the outer cylinder 201 push the inner cylinder 202 to slide backward, thereby achieving the outward tightening of the parking brake device and implementing the parking brake.

[0451] 2.6 Cut off the gas supply (see Figure 1 , Fig.10 , Fig.14 )

[0452] Due to the presence of the fifth control end 605 (third shrink plug 907) of the second air circuit delayed two-position three-way reversing valve 808, the thrust of the pressurized air gradually exceeds the resetting force of the fifth return spring 505, and the pressurized air gradually pushes the valve core to move in the opposite direction and compresses the fifth return spring 505, so that the ninth air pipe 109 and the tenth air pipe 110 are disconnected, and the tenth air pipe 110 is connected to the atmosphere, then the pressurized air in the locking cylinder 301 is passed through the fifth vent hole 705, the tenth air pipe 110, the second air circuit delayed two-position three-way reversing valve 808, and the atmosphere.

[0453] 2.7 Locking the inner cylinder 202

[0454] There are three ways to lock the inner cylinder 202 corresponding to the three locking devices of ball locking, screw sleeve locking and locking ring locking:

[0455] 2.7.1 The ball lock type locking device locks the inner cylinder 202 (see Figure 1 , Figure 4 , Figure 2 or Figure 8 , Fig. 9 )

[0456] Previously, in 2.6, after the tenth air pipe 110 is connected to the atmosphere, the locking card 302 intends to push the locking ball 312 into the annular groove 313 under the push of the locking springs 311 at the front and rear sides. Due to the inconsistent thickness of the vehicle brake shoe, the core rod 205 pulls the basic brake device to retract with the inner cylinder 202. The problem of whether the locking ball 312 can be aligned with the annular groove 313 of the inner cylinder 202 and whether the locking ball 312 can smoothly enter the annular groove 313 exists. For this reason, the following describes two situations: whether they are aligned;

[0457] 2.7.1.1 The locking ball 312 and the annular groove 313 face each other:

[0458] The locking ball 312 partially enters the annular groove 313 smoothly, and the locking card 302 returns to the middle position of the locking cylinder body 301, locks the inner cylinder body 202, and connects the sixth air vent 706 and the first exhaust hole 707, so that the pressurized air in the front chamber of the outer cylinder body 201 passes through the second air vent 702, the eleventh air pipe 111, the sixth air vent 706, the first exhaust hole 707, and the atmosphere.

[0459] 2.7.1.2 Misalignment between the locking ball 312 and the annular groove 313:

[0460] Since the locking ball 312 cannot enter the annular groove 313, the locking card 302 is blocked from returning to the middle position of the locking cylinder 301 (the locking card 302 can only move a short distance to the middle and block the sixth vent hole 706), resulting in the sixth vent hole 706 being unable to communicate with the first exhaust hole 707, and the pressurized air in the eleventh air pipe 111 cannot be discharged, and the air pressure of the eleventh air pipe 111 is greater than the air pressure of the tenth air pipe 110 (previously 2.6, the tenth air pipe 110 has been connected to the atmosphere), forming the following passage:

[0461] The front chamber of the outer cylinder body 201, the second air vent 702, the eleventh air pipe 111, the sixteenth air pipe 116, the sixth control end 606 of the sixth air circuit on-off valve 806 (i.e., the slot valve), because the pressurized air at the seventh control end 607 passes through the seventeenth air pipe 117, the tenth air pipe 110, the second air circuit delayed two-position three-way reversing valve 808 (previously 2.6, the tenth air pipe 110 has been connected to the atmosphere), and the atmosphere, at this time, only the sixth control end 606 has pressurized air, and the thrust of the pressurized air at the sixth control end 606 is greater than the restoring force of the sixth return spring 506. Under the push of the pressurized air at the sixth control end 606, the valve core of the sixth air circuit on-off valve 806 moves and compresses the sixth return spring 506, so that the sixteenth air pipe 116 passes through the sixth air circuit on-off valve 806, the fourth shrink plug 908, and the atmosphere. The presence of the fourth shrinkage plug 908 causes the pressurized air in the front chamber of the outer cylinder body 201 to be slowly discharged, and the air pressure in the front chamber of the outer cylinder body 201 slowly decreases, gradually reducing the thrust on the inner cylinder body 202. The inner cylinder body 202 slowly moves forward under the elastic force of the preload spring 204. When the locking ball 312 is aligned with the annular groove 313, the locking ball 312 partially enters the annular groove 313 under the push of the locking card 302, locking the positions of the inner cylinder body 202 and the outer cylinder body 201 with each other, and at the same time the locking card 302 slides to the middle position of the locking cylinder body 301.

[0462] 2.7.2 Locking of the inner cylinder 202 by the screw sleeve locking device (see Fig.10 , Fig.11 , Fig.12 , Fig.13 )

[0463] Under the push of the locking spring 311 , the locking pin 314 is about to enter the tooth groove 323 on the outer surface of the screw sleeve 322 ;

[0464] 2.7.2.1 The locking pin 314 is directly opposite to the tooth groove 323 on the outer surface of the screw sleeve 322:

[0465] The head of the locking pin 314 is smoothly inserted into the tooth groove 323 on the outer surface of the screw sleeve 322 to lock the inner cylinder body 202 .

[0466] 2.7.2.2 The misalignment between the locking pin 314 and the tooth groove 323 on the outer surface of the screw sleeve 322:

[0467] Since the head of the locking pin 314 cannot enter the tooth groove 323, the second unlocking piston 316 can only move downward a short distance and block the sixth vent hole 706, so that the pressurized air of the eleventh air pipe 111 cannot be discharged. The air pressure of the eleventh air pipe 111 is greater than the air pressure of the tenth air pipe 110 (previously in 2.6, the tenth air pipe 110 is connected to the atmosphere), thus forming the following passage:

[0468] The front chamber of the outer cylinder body 201, the second air vent 702, the eleventh air pipe 111, the sixteenth air pipe 116, the sixth control end 606 of the sixth air circuit on-off valve 806 (i.e., the slot valve), because the pressurized air at the seventh control end 607 passes through the seventeenth air pipe 117, the tenth air pipe 110, the second air circuit delayed two-position three-way reversing valve 808 (previously 2.6, the tenth air pipe 110 has been connected to the atmosphere), and the atmosphere, at this time, only the sixth control end 606 has pressurized air, and the thrust of the pressurized air at the sixth control end 606 is greater than the restoring force of the sixth return spring 506. Under the push of the pressurized air at the sixth control end 606, the valve core of the sixth air circuit on-off valve 806 moves and compresses the sixth return spring 506, so that the pressurized air in the sixteenth air pipe 116 passes through the sixth air circuit on-off valve 806, the fourth shrink plug 908, and the atmosphere. The existence of the fourth shrinkage plug 908 causes the pressurized air in the front chamber of the outer cylinder body 201 to be slowly discharged, and the air pressure in the front chamber of the outer cylinder body 201 slowly decreases, gradually reducing the thrust on the inner cylinder body 202. The inner cylinder body 202 slowly moves forward under the elastic force of the preload spring 204. When the locking pin 314 is aligned with the tooth groove 323 on the outer surface of the screw sleeve 322, the head of the locking pin 314 enters the tooth groove 323 on the outer surface of the screw sleeve 322 under the push of the locking spring 311, thereby locking the inner cylinder body 202 and the outer cylinder body 201 to each other.

[0469] 2.7.3 Locking of the inner cylinder 202 by the locking ring locking device (see Fig.14 , Fig.15 , Fig.16 , Fig.17 )

[0470] Under the action of the locking spring 311 , the locking pin 314 pushes the worm 329 to rotate, driving the locking ring 325 to rotate, and its strip-shaped pressing groove 326 presses the locking ball 312 onto the locking groove 327 to lock the inner cylinder body 202 .

[0471] 2.8 Exhaust of residual air from the front chamber of the outer cylinder 201

[0472] 2.8.1 Residual air discharge of parking brake device without display device

[0473] There are three ways to discharge residual air for the three locking devices: ball locking, screw sleeve locking, and locking ring locking:

[0474] 2.8.1.1 Ball lock type locking device Exhaust of residual air from the front chamber of the outer cylinder 201

[0475] 2.8.1.1.1 Situation where slider 309 is not set (see Figure 2 )

[0476] In 2.7.1, after the locking ball 312 partially enters the annular groove 313, the locking clamp 302 returns to the middle position of the locking cylinder 301, connecting the sixth air vent 706 and the first exhaust hole 707, so that the pressurized air in the front chamber of the outer cylinder 201 passes through the second air vent 702, the eleventh air pipe 111, the sixth air vent 706, the first concave groove 306, the first exhaust hole 707, and the atmosphere.

[0477] 2.8.1.1.2 Condition where slider 309 is provided (see Fig. 9 , Figure 1 )

[0478] In 2.7.1, after the locking ball 312 partially enters the annular groove 313, the locking card 302 returns to the middle position of the locking cylinder 301, connecting the sixth air vent 706 and the ninth air vent 709, so that the pressurized air in the front chamber of the outer cylinder 201 passes through the second air vent 702, the eleventh air pipe 111, the sixth air vent 706, the first concave groove 306, the ninth air pipe 709, the nineteenth air pipe 119, the eleventh air vent 713, and the rear chamber of the display device cylinder 402, pushing the display device piston 401 forward to the extreme position (the air back pressure when the display device piston 401 moves forward has been eliminated in 2.5.1.1.2 before), and displays to the outside that the railway vehicle is in a parking brake state through the transparent sealing cover.

[0479] 2.8.1.2 Exhaust of residual air from the front chamber of the outer cylinder 201 of the screw lock type locking device

[0480] 2.8.1.2.1 The first exhaust piston 317 and the second exhaust piston 318 are not provided (see Fig.11 )

[0481] In 2.7.2, the locking pin 314, pushed by the locking spring 311, has its head inserted into the tooth groove 323 on the outer surface of the screw sleeve 322 to lock the inner cylinder body 202, and connect the passage of the sixth air vent 706 and the ninth air vent 709, and cut off the passage of the sixth air vent 706 and the fifth air vent 705, so that the pressurized air in the front chamber of the outer cylinder body 201 passes through the second air vent 702, the eleventh air pipe 111, the sixth air vent 706, the second chamber 321, the ninth air vent 709, and the atmosphere.

[0482] 2.8.1.2.2 The first exhaust piston 317 and the second exhaust piston 318 are provided (see Fig.12 , Fig.10 )

[0483] In 2.7.2, the head of the locking pin 314 is inserted into the tooth groove 323 on the outer surface of the screw sleeve 322 under the push of the locking spring 311 to lock the inner cylinder body 202, and connect the passage between the sixth air vent 706 and the ninth air vent 709, and cut off the passage between the sixth air vent 706 and the fifth air vent 705, so that the pressurized air in the front chamber of the outer cylinder body 201 passes through the second air vent 702, the eleventh air pipe 111, the sixth air vent 706, the second chamber 321, the ninth air vent 709, the nineteenth air pipe 119, the eleventh air vent 713, and the rear chamber of the display device cylinder body 402, pushing the display device piston 401 forward to the extreme position (the air back pressure when the display device piston 401 moves forward has been eliminated in 2.5.1.2.2 before), and displays to the outside that the railway vehicle is in the parking brake state through the transparent sealing cover.

[0484] 2.8.1.3 Locking ring locking device The residual air in the front chamber of the outer cylinder 201 is discharged (see Fig.14 , Fig.15 , Fig.16 )

[0485] Similar to 2.8.1.2, so I won’t repeat it here.

[0486] Such a pipeline design ensures that the parking brake device automatically unlocks and automatically relieves parking when the train pipe 901 is manually filled with air and pressurized in a conventional manner, and automatically delays the implementation of the parking brake and automatically locks the inner cylinder body 202 when the train pipe 901 is manually exhausted to below the set pressure; at the same time, after the parking brake device completes unlocking and parking relief, the display device piston 401 will move backward to the extreme position, and after the parking brake device completes parking braking and is locked, the display device piston 401 will move forward to the extreme position. Therefore, by observing the position of the piston 401 of the display device through the transparent sealing cover, the working position of the parking brake device can be reliably reflected, which is convenient for on-site staff to check and confirm the working condition of the parking brake device; if there are too many vehicles and the train is too long, charging the air storage cylinder 903 and the delay air cylinder 904 will cause the train pipe to be charged for too long, which will affect the on-time departure of the train. It can also be set that the train pipe 901 is under normal pressure air, and the air storage cylinder 903 and the delay air cylinder 904 are not charged with air. Before the vehicle needs to implement the parking brake, the air pressure of the train pipe 901 is artificially increased, and the air storage cylinder 903 and the delay air cylinder 904 are charged with air with super-normal pressure air, so as to prevent the train pipe 901 from charging the air storage cylinder 903 and the delay air cylinder 904 at the same time when charging the air under normal pressure, thereby increasing the charging volume and extending the time for the locomotive to charge the train pipe 901.

[0487] The technical features in the above embodiments can be arbitrarily combined with each other. In order to make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0488] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present application shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. An air circuit control system for an automatic tensioning device, characterized in that: It comprises an outer cylinder (201), an inner cylinder (202), and a locking cylinder (301); The inner cavity of the outer cylinder (201) is slidably matched with the inner cylinder (202); The inner cavity of the inner cylinder (202) is slidably matched with an inner piston (203), and the inner piston (203) is linked with the rear end of the pull rod. The front end of the pull rod passes through the front end surfaces of the inner cylinder (202) and the outer cylinder (201) and then extends to the outside of the outer cylinder (201). The pull rod is slidably matched with the inner cylinder (202) and the outer cylinder (201) respectively. A pre-compression spring (204) is provided between the inner piston (203) and the front end of the inner cylinder (202); The outer cylinder body (201) is provided with a first vent hole (701) at the rear end and a second vent hole (702) at the front end; The pressurized air entering the outer cylinder (201) from the first vent hole (701) pushes the inner cylinder (202) to slide forward, and the pressurized air entering the outer cylinder (201) from the second vent hole (702) pushes the inner cylinder (202) to slide backward; The outer cylinder (201) is provided with a locking cylinder (301), and a sliding member is slidably matched inside the locking cylinder (301) to push the locking mechanism to move and axially lock the inner cylinder (202); The locking cylinder (301) is provided with a third vent hole (703), a fourth vent hole (704), a fifth vent hole (705), and a sixth vent hole (706); The pressurized air entering the locking cylinder (301) from the third vent hole (703) pushes the sliding member to slide to an extreme position away from the third vent hole (703), so that the third vent hole (703) is connected to the fourth vent hole (704), and at the same time pushes the locking mechanism to move and unlock the inner cylinder (202); The fourth ventilation hole (704) is in communication with the first ventilation hole (701) via a sixth air pipe (106); The pressurized air entering the locking cylinder (301) from the fifth vent hole (705) pushes the sliding member to slide to an extreme position away from the fifth vent hole (705), so that the fifth vent hole (705) is connected to the sixth vent hole (706), and at the same time pushes the locking mechanism to move and unlock the inner cylinder (202); The sixth ventilation hole (706) is in communication with the second ventilation hole (702) via an eleventh air pipe (111); The third vent hole (703) and the fifth vent hole (705) are respectively connected to the air source (901) through an air path system.

2. The air circuit control system of an automatic tensioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pull rod includes a barrel rod (206) and a core rod (205), the core rod (205) being arranged inside the barrel rod (206), a swing gap being left between the core rod (205) and the barrel rod (206), the rear end of the barrel rod (206) being fixed to the inner piston (203), the inner piston (203) being provided with a swing hole (207) communicating with the rear end of the barrel rod (206), the rear end of the core rod (205) being penetrated by the swing hole (207), and the rear side of the inner piston (203) being provided with a swing head (208) fixed to the rear end of the core rod (205).

3. The air circuit control system of an automatic tensioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas circuit system comprises: a third gas circuit two-position three-way reversing valve (811) and a fourth gas circuit two-position three-way reversing valve (812); The third vent hole (703) is connected to one end of the fifth air pipe (105), and the other end of the fifth air pipe (105) is connected to the air source (901) through the third air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve (811). The third air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve (811) is provided with a manual control device. When the manual control device is in the open position, the air source (901) is connected to the fifth air pipe (105), and the fifth air pipe (105) is isolated from the atmosphere. When the manual control device is in the closed position, the air source (901) is isolated from the fifth air pipe (105), and the fifth air pipe (105) is connected to the atmosphere. The fifth vent hole (705) is connected to one end of the tenth air pipe (110), and the other end of the tenth air pipe (110) is connected to the air source (901) through the fourth air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve (812). The fourth air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve (812) is provided with a manual control device. When the manual control device is in the open position, the air source (901) is connected to the tenth air pipe (110), and the tenth air pipe (110) is isolated from the atmosphere. When the manual control device is in the closed position, the air source (901) is isolated from the tenth air pipe (110), and the tenth air pipe (110) is connected to the atmosphere.

4. The air circuit control system of the automatic tensioning device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The manual control device may be a handle, a button, a knob, a remote control device, a hydraulic control device, an electric control device, a pneumatic control device or a mechanical drive device, etc., which can manually drive the third gas circuit two-position three-way reversing valve (811) or the fourth gas circuit two-position three-way reversing valve (812) to open or close.

5. The air circuit control system of the automatic tensioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas circuit system comprises: a first gas circuit delayed two-position three-way reversing valve (807), a second gas circuit delayed two-position three-way reversing valve (808), a first gas circuit two-position three-way reversing valve (809), and a second gas circuit two-position three-way reversing valve (810); The third vent hole (703) is connected to one end of the fifth air pipe (105), and the other end of the fifth air pipe (105) is connected to the atmosphere or one end of the fourth air pipe (104) through the first air path delayed two-position three-way reversing valve (807). The first air path delayed two-position three-way reversing valve (807) is provided with a third control end (603) and a third return spring (503). The third control end (603) is connected to the fourth air pipe (104) through the second shrink plug (906); when the third control end ( When the thrust of the third return spring (503) is greater than the return force of the third return spring (503), the valve core moves to isolate the fifth air pipe (105) from the fourth air pipe (104), and the fifth air pipe (105) is connected to the atmosphere; when the return force of the third return spring (503) is greater than the thrust of the third control end (603), the third return spring (503) pushes the valve core to move in the opposite direction, so that the fifth air pipe (105) is connected to the fourth air pipe (104), and the fifth air pipe (105) is isolated from the atmosphere; The fifth vent hole (705) is connected to one end of the tenth air pipe (110), and the other end of the tenth air pipe (110) is connected to the atmosphere or one end of the ninth air pipe (109) through the second air path delayed two-position three-way reversing valve (808), and the second air path delayed two-position three-way reversing valve (808) is provided with a fifth control end (605) and a fifth return spring (505), and the fifth control end (605) is connected to the ninth air pipe (109) through the third shrink plug (907); when the fifth control end ( When the thrust of the fifth return spring (505) is greater than the return force of the fifth return spring (505), the valve core moves, so that the tenth air pipe (110) is isolated from the ninth air pipe (109), and the tenth air pipe (110) is connected to the atmosphere; when the return force of the fifth return spring (505) is greater than the thrust of the fifth control end (605), the fifth return spring (505) pushes the valve core to move in the opposite direction, so that the tenth air pipe (110) is connected to the ninth air pipe (109), and the tenth air pipe (110) is isolated from the atmosphere; The other end of the ninth air pipe (109) is connected to one end of the eighth air pipe (108) or the atmosphere through the second air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve (810), and the other end of the fourth air pipe (104) is connected to one end of the third air pipe (103) or the atmosphere through the first air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve (809); the valve core of the first air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve (809) is linked to the valve core of the second air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve (810), and the first air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve (809) and the second air circuit two-position three-way reversing valve (810) share a second control end (602) and a second return spring (502); when the thrust of the second control end (602) is greater than the return force of the second return spring (502), the second control end (602) is The second control end (602) pushes the valve core to move and compress the second return spring (502), so that the ninth air pipe (109) and the eighth air pipe (108) are disconnected, the ninth air pipe (109) is connected to the atmosphere, the third air pipe (103) is connected to the fourth air pipe (104), and the fourth air pipe (104) is disconnected from the atmosphere; when the thrust of the second control end (602) is less than the return force of the second return spring (502), the second return spring (502) pushes the valve core to move in the opposite direction, so that the ninth air pipe (109) and the eighth air pipe (108) are connected, the ninth air pipe (109) is disconnected from the atmosphere, the fourth air pipe (104) is disconnected from the third air pipe (103), and the fourth air pipe (104) is connected to the atmosphere; The eighth air pipe (108) is connected to one end of the first air pipe (101) through the seventh air pipe (107); the other end of the first air pipe (101) is connected to the air source (901); the eighth air pipe (108) and the seventh air pipe (107) are both connected to the air storage cylinder (903); a second check valve (910) is provided on the seventh air pipe (107); the second check valve (910) only allows the pressurized air of the first air pipe (101) to flow to the eighth air pipe (108) and the air storage cylinder (903); The second control end (602) is in communication with the third air pipe (103), and the other end of the third air pipe (103) is in communication with the first air pipe (101) through the second air pipe (102).

6. The air circuit control system of the automatic tensioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking mechanism comprises an annular groove (313), a window hole (303), and a locking ball (312); The outer wall of the inner cylinder body (202) is provided with a plurality of annular grooves (313), the side wall of the outer cylinder body (201) is provided with at least one window hole (303) corresponding to the annular groove (313), the window hole (303) is provided with a locking ball (312) adapted to the window hole (303) and the annular groove (313), and the diameter of the locking ball (312) is greater than the wall thickness of the outer cylinder body (201); The sliding member is a locking clamp (302); A front retreat groove (304) and a rear retreat groove (305) are respectively arranged on both sides of the inner wall of the locking card (302) corresponding to the locking ball (312); a first concave groove (306) is arranged on the outer wall of the locking card (302); a front shoulder (307) is arranged on the front side of the first concave groove (306) and a rear shoulder (308) is arranged on the rear side; the outer walls of the front shoulder (307) and the rear shoulder (308) are slidably matched with the inner wall of the locking cylinder (301); The locking clamp (302) is provided with locking springs (311) on the front and rear sides respectively, one end of the locking spring (311) is pressed against the end wall of the locking cylinder (301), and the other end is pressed against the end surface of the locking clamp (302); The locking cylinder (301) is provided with a first exhaust hole (707) communicating with the atmosphere; When only the front and rear locking springs (311) are pushed, the locking card (302) is located in the middle of the locking cylinder (301), the fourth vent hole (704), the sixth vent hole (706) and the first exhaust hole (707) are connected through the first concave groove (306), the fifth vent hole (705) is connected to the front chamber of the locking cylinder (301), the third vent hole (703) is connected to the rear chamber of the locking cylinder (301), the locking ball (312) is pushed into the window hole (303) by the locking card (302), and the locking ball (312) partially enters the annular groove (313); When the pressurized air entering the third vent hole (703) pushes the locking clamp (302) to move to the extreme position away from the third vent hole (703), the locking spring (311) on the front side is compressed, the third vent hole (703) and the fourth vent hole (704) are connected through the locking cylinder (301), the fifth vent hole (705), the sixth vent hole (706) and the first exhaust hole (707) are connected through the first concave groove (306), the rear retreat groove (305) corresponds to the locking ball (312), and the locking ball (312) can be completely located in the rear retreat groove (305) and the window hole (303); When the pressurized air entering the fifth air vent (705) pushes the locking card (302) to move to the extreme position away from the fifth air vent (705), the locking spring (311) on the rear side is compressed, and the fifth air vent (705) and the sixth air vent (706) are connected through the locking cylinder (301), and the third air vent (703), the fourth air vent (704) and the first exhaust hole (707) are connected through the first concave groove (306), and the front retreat groove (304) corresponds to the locking ball (312), and the locking ball (312) can be completely located in the front retreat groove (304) and the window hole (303).

7. The air circuit control system of the automatic tensioning device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A slider (309) is provided in the first concave groove (306), the outer wall of the slider (309) is slidably matched with the inner wall of the locking cylinder (301), the outer wall of the slider (309) is provided with a second concave groove (310), the axial length of the slider (309) is smaller than the axial length of the first concave groove (306), the locking card (302) can independently move axially relative to the slider (309), and can also push the slider (309) and the locking card (302) to synchronously slide axially through the front shoulder (307) or the rear shoulder (308) of the first concave groove (306); The locking cylinder (301) is provided with an eighth vent hole (708) and a ninth vent hole (709); When the locking card (302) moves to an extreme position away from the third vent hole (703), the rear shoulder (308) of the first concave groove (306) pushes the slider (309) to move forward. At this time, the rear end wall of the slider (309) abuts against the rear shoulder (308) of the first concave groove (306), the front end wall of the slider (309) is separated from the front shoulder (307) of the first concave groove (306), the third vent hole (703) and the fourth vent hole (704) are connected through the locking cylinder body (301), the sixth vent hole (706) and the ninth vent hole (709) are connected with the first exhaust hole (707) through the second concave groove (310), and the fifth vent hole (705) and the eighth vent hole (708) are isolated from the remaining vent holes; When the locking clamp (302) moves back from the extreme position away from the third vent hole (703) to the middle position of the locking cylinder (301), the front shoulder (307) of the first concave groove (306) pushes the slider (309) to move backward. At this time, the front end wall of the slider (309) abuts against the front shoulder (307) of the first concave groove (306), and the rear end wall of the slider (309) abuts against the rear shoulder (308) of the first concave groove (306). The fourth vent hole (704) is connected to the eighth vent hole (708) through the first concave groove (306), the sixth vent hole (706), the ninth vent hole (709) and the first exhaust hole (707) are connected through the second concave groove (310), the third vent hole (703) is connected to the rear chamber of the locking cylinder (301), and the fifth vent hole (705) is connected to the front chamber of the locking cylinder (301); When the locking card (302) moves to an extreme position away from the fifth vent hole (705), the front shoulder (307) of the first concave groove (306) pushes the slider (309) to move backwards. At this time, the front end wall of the slider (309) abuts against the front shoulder (307) of the first concave groove (306), and the rear end wall of the slider (309) is separated from the rear shoulder (308) of the first concave groove (306). The fifth vent hole (705) and the sixth vent hole (706) are communicated with each other through the locking cylinder body (301), the eighth vent hole (708) and the fourth vent hole (704) are communicated with the first exhaust hole (707) through the second concave groove (310), and the third vent hole (703) and the ninth vent hole (709) are isolated from the remaining vent holes. When the locking clamp (302) moves back from the extreme position away from the fifth vent hole (705) to the middle position of the locking cylinder (301), the rear shoulder (308) of the first concave groove (306) pushes the slider (309) to move forward. At this time, the rear end wall of the slider (309) abuts against the rear shoulder (308) of the first concave groove (306), and the front end wall of the slider (309) abuts against the front shoulder (307) of the first concave groove (306). The sixth vent hole (706) is connected to the ninth vent hole (709) through the first concave groove (306), the fourth vent hole (704), the eighth vent hole (708) and the first exhaust hole (707) are connected through the second concave groove (310), the third vent hole (703) is connected to the rear chamber of the locking cylinder body (301), and the fifth vent hole (705) is connected to the front chamber of the locking cylinder body (301).

8. The air circuit control system of the automatic tensioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding member comprises a first unlocking piston (315) and a second unlocking piston (316); The inner chamber of the locking cylinder (301) is divided into a first chamber (320) and a second chamber (321) by a partition wall (319); The first unlocking piston (315) is disposed in the first chamber (320); The second unlocking piston (316) and the locking spring (311) are arranged in the second chamber (321); A locking pin (314) is arranged in the locking cylinder (301), and the locking pin (314) passes through the partition wall (319) and is fixed to the first unlocking piston (315) and the second unlocking piston (316), so that the locking pin (314) and the first unlocking piston (315) and the second unlocking piston (316) move axially synchronously; The locking spring (311) is arranged between the second unlocking piston (316) and the inner end wall of the locking cylinder (301), and the locking spring (311) pushes the head of the locking pin (314) to extend out of the locking cylinder (301); The locking cylinder (301) is provided with an eighth vent hole (708) and a ninth vent hole (709); The third vent hole (703), the fourth vent hole (704), and the eighth vent hole (708) are in communication with the first chamber (320); the fifth vent hole (705), the sixth vent hole (706), and the ninth vent hole (709) are in communication with the second chamber (321); When only the elastic force of the locking spring (311) acts, the locking spring (311) pushes the head of the locking pin (314) out of the locking cylinder (301) to the extreme position through the second unlocking piston (316), the fourth vent hole (704) is connected with the eighth vent hole (708) through the first chamber (320), the fourth vent hole (704) is separated from the third vent hole (703), the sixth vent hole (706) is connected with the ninth vent hole (709) through the second chamber (321), and the sixth vent hole (706) is separated from the fifth vent hole (705); The pressurized air entering through the third air hole (703) pushes the first unlocking piston (315) away from the third air hole (703) to the extreme position, and the pressurized air entering through the fifth air hole (705) pushes the second unlocking piston (316) away from the fifth air hole (705) to the extreme position, both of which can drive the head of the locking pin (314) to retract into the locking cylinder (301) to the extreme position and compress the locking spring (311), so that the third air hole (703) is connected to the fourth air hole (704) through the first chamber (320), the fourth air hole (704) is separated from the eighth air hole (708), the fifth air hole (705) is connected to the sixth air hole (706) through the second chamber (321), and the sixth air hole (706) is separated from the ninth air hole (709).

9. The air circuit control system of the automatic tensioning device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The sliding member comprises a first unlocking piston (315), a first exhaust piston (317), a second unlocking piston (316), and a second exhaust piston (318); The first chamber (320) is provided with the first unlocking piston (315) and the first exhaust piston (317); The second unlocking piston (316), the second exhaust piston (318) and the locking spring (311) are arranged in the second chamber (321); The locking pin (314) passes through the partition wall (319) and is fixed to the first unlocking piston (315), the first exhaust piston (317), the second unlocking piston (316), and the second exhaust piston (318), so that the locking pin (314) and the first unlocking piston (315), the first exhaust piston (317), the second unlocking piston (316), and the second exhaust piston (318) can move axially synchronously; The locking spring (311) is arranged between the second exhaust piston (318) and the inner end wall of the locking cylinder (301), and the locking spring (311) pushes the head of the locking pin (314) to extend out of the locking cylinder (301); The locking cylinder (301) is provided with an eighth vent hole (708), a second exhaust hole (710), a ninth vent hole (709) and a third exhaust hole (711); The third vent hole (703), the fourth vent hole (704), the eighth vent hole (708), and the second exhaust hole (710) are in communication with the first chamber (320); the fifth vent hole (705), the sixth vent hole (706), the ninth vent hole (709), and the third exhaust hole (711) are in communication with the second chamber (321); When only the elastic force of the locking spring (311) acts, the locking spring (311) pushes the head of the locking pin (314) out of the locking cylinder (301) to the extreme position through the second exhaust piston (318), the fourth vent hole (704) is connected with the eighth vent hole (708) through the first chamber (320), the fourth vent hole (704) is separated from the third vent hole (703), the eighth vent hole (708) is separated from the second exhaust hole 710, the sixth vent hole (706) is connected with the ninth vent hole (709) through the second chamber (321), the sixth vent hole (706) is separated from the fifth vent hole (705), and the ninth vent hole (709) is separated from the third vent hole (711); The pressurized air entering through the third vent hole (703) pushes the first unlocking piston (315) away from the third vent hole (703) to the extreme position, and the pressurized air entering through the fifth vent hole (705) pushes the second unlocking piston (316) away from the fifth vent hole (705) to the extreme position, both of which can drive the head of the locking pin (314) to retract into the locking cylinder (301) to the extreme position and compress the locking spring (311), so that the third vent hole (703) and the fourth vent hole (705) are connected. The vent hole (704) is connected through the first chamber (320), the fourth vent hole (704) is separated from the eighth vent hole (708), the eighth vent hole (708) is connected to the second exhaust hole (710), the fifth vent hole (705) is connected to the sixth vent hole (706) through the second chamber (321), the sixth vent hole (706) is separated from the ninth vent hole (709), and the ninth vent hole (709) is connected to the third exhaust hole (711).

10. An air circuit control system for an automatic tensioning device according to claims 1, 8 and 9, characterized in that: The locking mechanism comprises a threaded sleeve (322) and a locking external thread (324); The outer cylinder body (201) is rotatably matched with the screw sleeve (322), the outer wall of the inner cylinder body (202) is provided with the locking external thread (324), the inner wall of the screw sleeve (322) is provided with a locking internal thread rotatably matched with the locking external thread (324), and the outer wall of the screw sleeve (322) is provided with a tooth groove (323) adapted to the locking pin (314); When the inner cylinder (202) moves forwards and backwards, it can drive the screw sleeve (322) to rotate forwards and backwards. When the locking pin (314) is inserted into the tooth groove (323), the screw sleeve (322) is prevented from rotating, thereby achieving the locking of the inner cylinder (202).

11. An air circuit control system for an automatic tensioning device according to claims 1, 8 and 9, characterized in that: The locking mechanism comprises a locking ring (325) and a worm (329); The outer cylinder body (201) is rotatably matched with a locking ring (325), the outer surface of the locking ring (325) is provided with a worm gear (328), the locking ring (325) is rotatably matched with the worm (329) through the worm gear (328), and the worm (329) is hinged with the locking pin (314); When the locking pin (314) retracts, the locking ring (325) is driven by the worm (329) to rotate in the direction of unlocking the inner cylinder body (202); when the locking pin (314) extends, the locking ring (325) is driven by the worm (329) to rotate in the direction of locking the inner cylinder body (202).

12. An air circuit control system for an automatic tensioning device according to claims 7 and 9, characterized in that: The eighth vent hole (708) is communicated with the tenth vent hole (712) of the display device cylinder body (402) through the eighteenth vent pipe (118); the ninth vent hole (709) is communicated with the eleventh vent hole (713) of the display device cylinder body (402) through the nineteenth vent pipe (119); An axially movable display device piston (401) is arranged inside the display device cylinder (402), and a transparent sealing cover is arranged on the outer surface of the display device cylinder (402) for observing the position of the internal display device piston (401); when the lateral thrust of the eleventh vent hole (713) is greater than the lateral thrust of the tenth vent hole (712), the display device piston (401) moves to the front extreme position, and when the lateral thrust of the tenth vent hole (712) is greater than the lateral thrust of the eleventh vent hole (713), the display device piston (401) moves to the rear extreme position.

13. The air circuit control system of the automatic tensioning device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second air pipe (102) is provided with a first check valve (909), and the first check valve (909) only allows the pressurized air of the first air pipe (101) to flow to the third air pipe (103); The third air pipe (103) is connected to the thirteenth air pipe (113) and one end of the fifteenth air pipe (115); the other end of the thirteenth air pipe (113) is connected to one end of the fourteenth air pipe (114) through the second air path on-off valve (802); the other end of the fourteenth air pipe (114) is connected to the atmosphere; the fourteenth air pipe (114) is provided with a first pressure regulating valve (912) and a first shrink plug (905); The other end of the fifteenth air pipe (115) is in communication with the time-delay air cylinder (904); The second air path on-off valve (802) is provided with a first control end (601) and a first return spring (501); the first control end (601) is connected to the second air pipe (102) through a twelfth air pipe (112); and the pressurized air entering and exiting the twelfth air pipe (112) does not pass through the first check valve (909); When the thrust of the first control end (601) is greater than the reset force of the first reset spring (501), the first control end (601) pushes the valve core to move so that the thirteenth air pipe (113) is disconnected from the fourteenth air pipe (114); when the thrust of the first control end (601) is less than the reset force of the first reset spring (501), the first reset spring (501) pushes the valve core to move in the opposite direction so that the thirteenth air pipe (113) is connected to the fourteenth air pipe (114).

14. The air circuit control system of the automatic tensioning device according to claims 5 and 13, characterized in that: The fifteenth air pipe (115) is provided with a third air circuit on-off valve (803), and the third air circuit on-off valve (803) is arranged between the third air pipe (103) and the time-delay air cylinder (904). The time-delay air cylinder (904) is connected to the seventh air pipe (107) through a third check valve (911), and the third check valve (911) only allows the pressure air of the seventh air pipe (107) to flow to the time-delay air cylinder (904); The valve core of the second gas path on-off valve (802) is linked to the valve core of the third gas path on-off valve (803), and the second gas path on-off valve (802) and the third gas path on-off valve (803) share the first control end (601) and the first return spring (501); When the thrust of the first control end (601) is greater than the reset force of the first reset spring (501), the first control end (601) pushes the valve core to move so that the time-delay air cylinder (904) is disconnected from the third air pipe (103); when the thrust of the first control end (601) is less than the reset force of the first reset spring (501), the first reset spring (501) pushes the valve core to move in the opposite direction so that the time-delay air cylinder (904) is connected to the third air pipe (103); The seventh air pipe (107) is provided with a fourth air circuit on-off valve (804), the fourth air circuit on-off valve (804) or connects the second check valve (910) and the eighth air pipe (108), the fourth air circuit on-off valve (804) is provided with a fourth control end (604) and a fourth return spring (504), the fourth control end (604) is connected to the first air pipe (101); When the thrust of the fourth control end (604) is greater than the reset force of the fourth reset spring (504), the fourth control end (604) pushes the valve core to move so that the first air pipe (101) is connected to the eighth air pipe (108); when the thrust of the fourth control end (604) is less than the reset force of the fourth reset spring (504), the fourth reset spring (504) pushes the valve core to move in the opposite direction so that the first air pipe (101) is disconnected from the eighth air pipe (108).

15. The air circuit control system of the automatic tensioning device according to claims 3 and 5, characterized in that: The eleventh air pipe (111) is connected to one end of the sixteenth air pipe (116), and the other end of the sixteenth air pipe (116) is connected to the atmosphere through a sixth air path on-off valve (806). The sixth air path on-off valve (806) is provided with a sixth control end (606), a seventh control end (607) and a sixth return spring (506). The thrusts generated by the seventh control end (607) and the sixth return spring (506) are in the same direction. The thrusts generated by the sixth control end (606) are inversely proportional to the thrusts generated by the seventh control end (607) and the sixth return spring (506). The thrust direction is opposite to that of the sixteenth air pipe (116), and the seventh control end (607) is connected to the tenth air pipe (110) through the seventeenth air pipe (117); when only the sixth control end (606) has pressurized air, the sixth air path on-off valve (806) connects the sixteenth air pipe (116) to the atmosphere; in other cases, the sixth air path on-off valve (806) isolates the sixteenth air pipe (116) from the atmosphere, and the air hole of the sixth air path on-off valve (806) connected to the atmosphere is provided with a fourth shrinkage plug (908).

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