A method for offshore hoisting, positioning, and installation of a large-scale conduit support frame

Abstract

The present application discloses a method for the offshore hoisting, positioning, and installation of a large-scale conduit support frame, which can smoothly complete the positioning and installation of the conduit support frame, has a simple installation process, high installation efficiency, and high installation precision. The construction method includes: step S10: transporting the conduit support frame to the bridge site and placing the conduit support frame on the bridge; step S20: leveling the conduit support frame until the top surface is horizontal; step S30: inserting and driving positioning auxiliary piles, pouring high-strength mortar into the gap between the second steel pipe and the positioning auxiliary pile, filling it to the top opening with gravel, inserting a steel wedge into the top opening of the conduit support frame, and connecting the top opening of the conduit support frame to the positioning auxiliary pile by welding a connecting plate; step S40: sequentially removing each self-leveling mechanism, inserting and driving a supporting pile, pouring high-strength mortar into the gap between the first steel pipe and the supporting pile, filling it to the top opening with gravel, inserting a steel wedge into the top opening of the conduit support frame, and connecting the top opening of the conduit support frame to the supporting pile by welding a connecting plate; and step S50: setting up a temporary construction platform.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This specification relates to the technical field of offshore bridge construction, and in particular to a method for offshore hoisting, positioning, and installation of a large-scale conduit support frame. Background Art

[0002] The description in this section merely provides background information related to the disclosure of this specification and does not constitute prior art.

[0003] The main construction trestle of the Xihoumen highway-railway dual-use bridge is more than 200 meters long and is constructed using the jacket method. It is divided into three sections: the first section is the 1# and 2# jacket platforms, which are 79.7 meters long and connected to the deep-water trestle on the west side; the second section is the 2#, 3#, and 4# jacket platforms on the east side of the main tower, which are 119.5 meters long; the third section is the 4# and 5# jacket platforms, which are 88.4 meters long.

[0004] However, there are the following problems during construction:

[0005] 1. The bridge construction site is adjacent to the Xihoumen Waterway. The rock surface at Pier 4 of the Xihoumen Highway-Railway Bridge is steep, with an inclination of approximately 30° and no overburden. This makes jacket positioning and leveling, as well as anchoring construction vessels, difficult. The bedrock is weakly / slightly weathered dacite, with a strength of 60-70 MPa. This high rock mass requires high mechanical properties, making steel pipe pile driving and formation challenging and difficult to control.

[0006] 2. The bridge site is complex, with deep water and rapid currents. Pier 4 is located in the Xihoumen waterway, with a maximum water depth of 42 meters. The tidal range is significant, significantly impacting jacket construction vessels. This makes jacket positioning and sinking difficult, posing a high safety risk.

[0007] 3. The trestle platform is large in size and requires many offshore construction machinery and equipment. The construction process of the offshore trestle in the bridge site is complex, the substructure construction process is long, and the cost of foundation rock penetration is high.

[0008] It should be noted that the above technical background is merely provided to provide a clear and complete description of the technical solutions of this specification and to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art. Simply because these solutions are described in the background technology section of this specification, it should not be assumed that the above technical solutions are well known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0009] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, one purpose of this specification is to provide a method for offshore hoisting, positioning, and installation of a large-scale conduit support frame, which can smoothly complete the positioning and installation of the conduit support frame with simple installation procedures, high installation efficiency, and high installation accuracy.

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, the embodiments of this specification provide a method for offshore hoisting, positioning, and installation of a large-scale conduit support frame, comprising:

[0011] Step S10: transporting the catheter support frame to the bridge site by means of a floating crane, and implanting the catheter support frame; wherein, after being transported to the bridge site, adjusting the plane accuracy of the catheter support frame to within 1.0 m by pulling cables on the floating crane, and starting to lower the catheter support frame. When the catheter support frame is 0.5 m from the seabed, the lowering is stopped. After adjusting the plane accuracy of the catheter support frame before implantation to within 0.2 m by pulling cables on the floating crane and the transport barge, the catheter support frame is continued to be implanted.

[0012] Step S20: using the floating crane to level the conduit support frame to a horizontal top surface, and using a self-leveling mechanism to ensure that the verticality of the support pile is less than 0.5%; wherein the conduit support frame is provided with four support piles, each of which is provided with a self-leveling mechanism, and the self-leveling mechanism can press the support pile back into the rock; the support pile is covered with a first steel pipe;

[0013] Step S30: Using a hydraulic impact hammer to drive the positioning auxiliary piles, pouring high-strength mortar into the gap between the second steel pipe and the positioning auxiliary piles, then filling the gap with crushed stone to the top opening, then inserting a steel wedge into the top opening of the conduit support frame, and then connecting the top opening of the conduit support frame to the positioning auxiliary piles by welding a connecting plate; wherein, the conduit support frame is provided with two or four positioning auxiliary piles, each of which is covered with the second steel pipe; the diameter of the first steel pipe is larger than the diameter of the second steel pipe, and the diameter of the supporting pile is larger than the diameter of the positioning auxiliary pile;

[0014] Step S40: dismantling each of the self-leveling mechanisms in sequence, driving the support piles with the hydraulic impact hammer, pouring high-strength mortar into the gap between the first steel pipe and the support piles, and then filling the gap with gravel to the top opening, then inserting a steel wedge into the top opening of the conduit support frame, and then connecting the top opening of the conduit support frame to the support piles by welding a connecting plate;

[0015] Step S50: Set up a temporary construction platform, construct anchor piles, cut the first steel pipe and the second steel pipe to the design elevation, use floating crane to install the pile cap, distribution beam, and Bailey beam, and after the Bailey beam is installed, use the fishing method to install the bridge deck system.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment, step S10 includes the following steps:

[0017] Step S11: transporting the catheter support frame to a seagoing terminal using a modular vehicle;

[0018] Step S12: hoisting the catheter support frame by the floating crane and cutting off the transport tire frame;

[0019] Step S13: moving the anchor of the floating crane out of the wharf, flipping the conduit support frame, and transporting the conduit support frame to the bridge site after flipping;

[0020] Step S14: adjusting the plane accuracy of the catheter support frame to within 1.0 m by pulling up the floating crane cable, and starting to lower the catheter support frame during the low tide period;

[0021] Step S15: When the catheter support frame is lowered to 0.5m from the seabed, the lowering is stopped, and the plane accuracy of the catheter support frame before landing is adjusted to within 0.2m by pulling the cable on the floating crane and the transport barge, and then the catheter support frame is continued to be lowered to ensure that the catheter support frame is landed.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment, in step S10, a total of 6 lifting points are set on the catheter support frame, with 4 lifting points on the top and 2 lifting points on the bottom. The lifting points are composed of steel pipes with a diameter of 1500mm and a thickness of 24mm and steel plates with a thickness of 20mm; the rated lifting capacity of the main hook of the floating crane is 4×650t, and the rated lifting capacity of the auxiliary hook is 2×250t.

[0023] As a preferred embodiment, step S12 includes the following steps:

[0024] Step S121: setting two 8t naval anchors and two 10.5t naval anchors at the tail of the floating crane, setting two 10.5t naval anchors at the bow of the floating crane as forward anchors, and adjusting the lifting distance of the floating crane;

[0025] Step S122: Adjust the floating crane's handlebar angle to 55°, and the operating distance to 42m from the bow, which is 12m from the dock platform;

[0026] Step S123: Perform a trial lift, after the tire is 10 cm to 20 cm away from the transport frame, lift it steadily for 10 minutes and check the lifting points;

[0027] Step S124: After the trial lifting is completed, the conduit support frame is lifted to meet the module vehicle separation condition, and the module vehicle drives away from the dock.

[0028] As a preferred embodiment, step S13 includes the following steps:

[0029] Step S131: The floating crane is anchored away from the seagoing wharf area, and the angle of the floating crane handle is adjusted to 60 degrees; the main and auxiliary hooks of the floating crane are suspended on the guide tube support frame and remain horizontal and motionless; the angle of the floating crane boom remains unchanged, the main hook begins to be slowly lowered, and the auxiliary hook is raised synchronously, during which the lifting weight of the main hook is controlled not to exceed the lifting weight of the main hook in the horizontal state;

[0030] Step S132: When the lowering point does not enter the water, the auxiliary hook is continuously lifted and the main hook is lowered synchronously; the angle of the floating crane boom is kept unchanged during the turning process;

[0031] Step S133: When the catheter support frame turns over to 90 degrees, both upper suspension ropes on the main hook are under stress; the lower suspension rope on the main hook is loosened from the lower suspension point, and the auxiliary hook is slowly lowered to the top surface of the catheter support frame 2m above the water surface, and the wire rope at the lower suspension point is released.

[0032] As a preferred embodiment, in the step S20, the inclination of the top surface of the catheter support frame is checked, and the catheter support frame is leveled using the floating crane. During leveling, 2 to 3 supporting piles are placed on the bed. When leveling to the top surface, the height difference of the four corners of the catheter support frame does not exceed 20 cm.

[0033] As a preferred embodiment, in step S20, after the catheter support frame is leveled to the top surface using the floating crane, the temporary connecting plates of a pair of diagonal supporting piles are first released, and the supporting piles located at the diagonals are lowered. After the diagonal supporting piles are planted, the floating crane lifts the other two supporting piles, the temporary connecting plates are released, the piles are lowered, and the self-leveling mechanism is started, and the jacks of the self-leveling mechanism are used to counter-press the supporting piles into the rock.

[0034] As a preferred embodiment, when the self-leveling mechanism is started, the steps of tightening the upper nut, lifting with the jack, tightening the middle nut, and returning the oil with the jack are repeated until the middle nut is tightened after the supporting piles are stable. After all four supporting piles are stable, the floating hook is hoisted and the weight of the catheter support frame is transferred to the four supporting piles.

[0035] As a preferred embodiment, in step S30, the positioning auxiliary piles in the non-implanted areas are preferentially inserted.

[0036] As a preferred embodiment, in the step S40, each of the self-leveling mechanisms is removed in diagonal order; when removing the self-leveling mechanism, the steps are performed in sequence: loosen the top bolt 10 cm upward, lift the jack, loosen the middle nut, return the oil to the jack, loosen the upper nut, and remove the jack from top to bottom. Beneficial effects

[0037] This embodiment provides a method for offshore hoisting, positioning, and installation of a large-scale duct support frame. The duct support frame is transported to the bridge site via a floating crane. Cables are then pulled from the floating crane to adjust the duct support frame's planar accuracy to within 1.0m. The duct support frame is then lowered. Lowering is stopped when the duct support frame is 0.5m from the seabed. Cables are then pulled from the floating crane and the transport barge to adjust the duct support frame's planar accuracy to within 0.2m before landing. The duct support frame is then lowered again until it lands. Simultaneously, four support piles, in conjunction with a self-leveling mechanism, adjust the duct support frame's planar height difference to maintain a verticality of less than 0.5%. This method for offshore hoisting, positioning, and installation of a large-scale duct support frame successfully completes the positioning and installation of the duct support frame, offering a simple installation process, high efficiency, and high precision.

[0038] With reference to the following description and the accompanying drawings, the specific embodiments of the present invention are disclosed in detail, indicating the manner in which the principles of the present invention can be employed. It should be understood that the embodiments of the present invention are not limited in scope thereby.

[0039] Features described and / or illustrated with respect to one embodiment may be used in the same or similar manner in one or more other embodiments, combined with features in other embodiments, or substituted for features in other embodiments.

[0040] It should be emphasized that the term "include / comprising" when used herein refers to the presence of features, integers, steps or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps or components. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0042] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the steps of a method for offshore hoisting, positioning, and installation of a large-scale conduit support frame provided in this embodiment;

[0043] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of a catheter support frame provided in this embodiment;

[0044] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of another catheter support frame provided in this embodiment;

[0045] Figure 4 for Figure 1Schematic diagram of the construction of step S10;

[0046] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the construction of step S20;

[0047] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of a self-leveling mechanism provided in this embodiment.

[0048] Description of reference numerals:

[0049] 1. Conduit support frame; 11. Upper hanging point; 12. Lower hanging point; 2. Support pile; 3. First steel pipe; 4. Positioning auxiliary pile; 5. Second steel pipe; 6. Self-leveling mechanism; 61. Upper nut; 62. Jack; 63. Middle nut; 64. Temporary connecting plate; 7. Floating crane; 71. Main hook; 72. Auxiliary hook; 73. Upper hanging rope; 74. Lower hanging rope; 75. Handlebar; 8. Module car; 9. Transport tire frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be another element centered thereon. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be another element centered thereon. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only implementation methods.

[0052] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains. The terms used in this specification of the present invention are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0053] See also Figure 1 The embodiment of the present application provides a method for offshore hoisting, positioning, and installation of a large-scale conduit support frame, comprising:

[0054] Step S10: transporting the catheter support frame 1 to the bridge site via the floating crane 7 and implanting the catheter support frame 1.

[0055] Among them, after being transported to the bridge site, the plane accuracy of the catheter support frame 1 is adjusted to within 1.0m by pulling the cable on the floating crane 7, and the catheter support frame 1 is started to be lowered. When the catheter support frame 1 is lowered to 0.5m away from the seabed, the lowering is stopped. After the plane accuracy of the catheter support frame 1 before implantation is adjusted to within 0.2m by pulling the cable on the floating crane 7 and the transport barge, the catheter support frame 1 is continued to be lowered to implant the catheter support frame 1.

[0056] Step S20: using the floating crane 7 to level the conduit support frame 1 to a top level, and using the self-leveling mechanism 6 to ensure that the verticality of the support pile 2 is less than 0.5%.

[0057] The catheter support frame 1 is provided with four supporting piles 2, each supporting pile 2 is provided with a self-leveling mechanism 6, and the self-leveling mechanism 6 can press the supporting pile 2 back into the rock; the supporting pile 2 is covered with a first steel pipe 3.

[0058] Step S30: Use a hydraulic impact hammer to insert the positioning auxiliary pile 4, pour high-strength mortar into the gap between the second steel pipe 5 and the positioning auxiliary pile 4, and then fill it with gravel to the top opening, then insert a steel wedge into the top opening of the catheter support frame 1, and then connect the top opening of the catheter support frame 1 to the positioning auxiliary pile 4 by welding the connecting plate.

[0059] In which, the catheter support frame 1 is provided with two or four positioning auxiliary piles 4, and the positioning auxiliary piles 4 are covered with the second steel pipe 5; the diameter of the first steel pipe 3 is larger than the diameter of the second steel pipe 5, and the diameter of the supporting pile 2 is larger than the diameter of the positioning auxiliary pile 4.

[0060] Step S40: Remove each of the self-leveling mechanisms 6 in turn, use the hydraulic impact hammer to drive the supporting piles 2, pour high-strength mortar into the gap between the first steel pipe 3 and the supporting piles 2, and then fill it with gravel to the top opening, then insert a steel wedge into the top opening of the catheter support frame 1, and then connect the top opening of the catheter support frame 1 to the supporting piles 2 by welding a connecting plate.

[0061] Step S50: Set up a temporary construction platform, construct anchor piles, cut the first steel pipe 3 and the second steel pipe 5 to the design elevation, use the floating crane 7 to install the pile cap, distribution beam, and Bailey beam, and after the Bailey beam is installed, use the fishing method to install the bridge deck system.

[0062] This embodiment provides a method for offshore hoisting, positioning, and installation of a large-scale duct support frame. The duct support frame 1 is transported to the bridge site via a floating crane 7. Cables are then pulled from the floating crane 7 to adjust the plane accuracy of the duct support frame 1 to within 1.0 m. The duct support frame 1 is then lowered. Lowering is stopped when the duct support frame 1 is 0.5 m from the seabed. The floating crane 7 and cables on the transport barge are then used to adjust the plane accuracy of the duct support frame 1 to within 0.2 m before landing. The duct support frame 1 is then lowered again until it lands. Simultaneously, four support piles 2, in conjunction with a self-leveling mechanism 6, are used to adjust the plane height difference of the duct support frame 1, ensuring a verticality of the support piles 2 of less than 0.5%. This method for offshore hoisting, positioning, and installation of a large-scale duct support frame 1 successfully completes the positioning and installation of the duct support frame 1, with a simple installation process, high efficiency, and high precision.

[0063] In this embodiment, step S10 specifically includes the following steps:

[0064] Step S11: Use a modular vehicle 8 to transport the conduit support frame 1 to the sea-going wharf and prepare for hoisting (the self-leveling mechanism 6, construction safety passage, etc. are all installed in the factory).

[0065] Among them, two groups of modular carts 8 are used for transportation. Each group of modular carts 8 is 32.5m long and 3.25m wide, and the height can be adjusted within a range of 1500±350mm. During transportation, the two groups of modular carts 8 are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the outer tubes on both sides of the catheter support frame 1. The total load capacity of the modular carts 8 can reach 40×40=1600 tons, which meets the requirements for transporting the catheter support frame 1.

[0066] The conduit support frame 1 is transported and assembled at the seagoing wharf. The wharf basin size is 36m×130m, and the wharf trestle is 12m wide, which meets the transportation conditions of the module vehicle 8.

[0067] Step S12: using the floating crane 7 to horizontally lift the catheter support frame 1 and cut off the transport tire frame 9.

[0068] Based on preliminary investigations and cost analysis, and considering the lifting weight of the conduit support frame 1, the floating crane 7 can be a "Donghaigong 7" 2600t self-propelled floating crane 7, with a rated lifting capacity of 4 x 650t for the main hook 71 and 2 x 250t for the auxiliary hook 72. Simulations of the conduit support frame 1 lifting and turning process and the maximum lifting weight under various operating conditions revealed that, with the handle 75 angled at 60°, the floating crane 7 has a safe load capacity of 500t for the single main hook 71, 250t for the single auxiliary hook 72, and a lifting height of 81m, meeting the construction requirements of the conduit support frame 1.

[0069] When the width of the catheter support frame 1 does not meet the transportation conditions in the transportation state, an additional transport tire frame 9 needs to be set up. The transport tire frame 9 is welded together by steel pipes with diameters of 1.5m, 1m and 0.63m. The transport tire frame 9 is welded to the catheter support frame 1 in advance before the catheter support frame 1 is transported.

[0070] The module vehicles 8 for transporting the conduit support frame 1 are arranged in two rows, which are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the steel pipe piles outside the conduit support frame 1. Each row has 20 axles, is 32.5m long (4.5m power head + 28m vehicle body), and is 3.25m wide. A steel pipe tire rack is set on the top of the module vehicle 8 to ensure the stability of the steel pipe during transportation.

[0071] Step S13: The anchor of the floating crane 7 is moved out of the wharf range, and the conduit support frame 1 is turned over. After the turning over of the conduit support frame 1 is completed, it is transported to the bridge site.

[0072] Step S14: The plane accuracy of the conduit support frame 1 is adjusted to within 1.0 m by pulling up the cable through the floating crane 7, and the conduit support frame 1 is lowered during the flat tide period (flow rate is less than 1 m / s) to reduce the influence of water flow on the positioning of the conduit support frame 1.

[0073] Step S15: When the catheter support frame 1 is lowered to 0.5m from the seabed, the lowering is stopped, and the plane accuracy of the catheter support frame 1 before implantation is adjusted to within 0.2m by using the floating crane 7 and the cable on the transport barge, and then the catheter support frame 1 is continued to be lowered to implant the catheter support frame 1.

[0074] In step S10, the conduit support frame 1 is hoisted and lowered in its entirety using a large floating crane 7. Since the conduit support frame 1 processing site lacks a large gantry crane to vertically rotate the conduit support frame 1, the conduit support frame 1 must be transported flat to the site for vertical rotation after processing. Based on the lifting capacity of the floating crane 7 and the structure of the conduit support frame 1, six lifting points are provided on the conduit support frame 1: four at the top (i.e., four upper lifting points 11) and two at the bottom (i.e., two lower lifting points 12). These lifting points, composed of 1500mm diameter, 24mm thick steel pipes and 20mm thick steel plates, are located on the four main pipes (1800mm diameter) in the center of the conduit support frame 1. These lifting points are located at the conduit support frame 1's connection system, serving both as part of the connection system and as the conduit support frame's lifting points. Since the conduit support frame 1's lifting points are located inboard of the trestle's centerline, no dedicated lifting equipment is required during hoisting; the slings are directly connected to the main hook 71 and auxiliary hook 72 of the floating crane 7. During the vertical rotation of the catheter support frame 1, a single lifting point is subjected to greater force, and the main pipe and connection system at the lifting lug setting position need to be strengthened. The φ820×10mm is adjusted to φ1000×14mm to ensure the safe lifting of the catheter support frame 1.

[0075] Through the analysis of the reaction force of the lifting points of the catheter support frame 1 and the comparison with the configuration of the own slings and ropes, the rated load of the slings is much greater than the lifting reaction force of each lifting point of the catheter support frame 1, and the lifting conditions are met. The sling configuration of the catheter support frame 1 is as follows:

[0076] ① Lifting rope configuration for lifting point 11: The lifting rope 73 connected to lifting point 11 adopts LR-300 polyester ring sling with a rated load of 300t, which meets the lifting requirements of the conduit support frame 1. It has a safety factor of 6 times and a sling length of 68m. Lifting rings are set at both ends of the sling. The conduit support frame 1 is placed in a loop when lifting.

[0077] ② Configuration of the lifting rope at lower lifting point 12: The lower lifting rope 74 connected to lower lifting point 12 adopts LRH-250 high-strength fiber ring sling with a rated load of 250t, which meets the lifting requirements of the conduit support frame 1 and has a safety factor of 6 times. The ring sling is 20m long, and two ring slings are used at each lifting point.

[0078] ③ Analysis of lifting height: The longest casing length of the conduit support frame 1 is 38m. The main lifting point adopts a 68m sling back loop arrangement. The maximum length of the sling is 34m. At this time, the lifting height is 72m. The maximum lifting height of the floating crane 7 at a 60° boom angle is 81m, which meets the requirements.

[0079] In this embodiment, before processing and manufacturing the catheter support frame 1, in order to ensure that the casing of the catheter support frame 1 basically fits with the seabed, it is necessary to first conduct a seabed scan of the construction area of the catheter support frame 1, clarify the seabed elevation corresponding to the position of the casing of each catheter support frame 1, and customize the casing according to the elevation.

[0080] When processing and manufacturing the conduit support frame 1, it was taken into consideration that the construction area of the 4# pier main tower was a shallow (no) cover layer area, in which the bedrock was mainly weakly weathered dacite, and the rock strength was above 2000kPa, resulting in difficulty in driving piles into the construction platform, insufficient penetration depth into the rock, and difficulty in forming a fixed end. It was also affected by water depth and waves. The larger the diameter of the steel pipe pile, the greater the horizontal forces such as water flow force and wave force it was subjected to. Therefore, the 4# main tower construction platform adopted the construction plan of "conduit support frame 1 + supporting pile 2".

[0081] The duct support frame 1 utilizes a long casing and connecting system, assembled and fabricated in a factory. The casing of the duct support frame 1 consists of a first steel pipe 3 with a diameter of 1800mm and a thickness of 18mm, and a second steel pipe 5 with a diameter of 1500mm and a thickness of 16mm. The first steel pipe 3 is sheathed with a 1.5m steel pipe, and 1.2m concrete anchor piles are installed as support piles 2. The second steel pipe 5 is sheathed with a 1.2m steel pipe, and only the open-end steel pipe piles are constructed. The bottom of the duct support frame 1 casing is cut for each pile based on the results of the preliminary seabed survey.

[0082] The connection system uses three types of steel pipes: 820mm diameter and 10mm thickness, 630mm diameter and 10mm thickness, and 426mm diameter and 8mm thickness. The conduit support frame 1 is designed in two forms, namely Figure 2 The "6 piles" conduit support frame 1 shown is similar to the Figure 3 The "8-pile" conduit support frame 1 shown. The four corner piles of the 6-pile conduit support frame 1 are supporting piles 2, and the two middle piles are positioning auxiliary piles 4; the four middle piles of the 8-pile conduit support frame 1 are supporting piles 2, and the four outer corner piles are positioning auxiliary piles 4.

[0083] The manufacturing process of supporting steel pipe piles adopts the spiral weld whole pile production process. When the steel plate is laid out, it should be pre-cut, ground and planed according to the process requirements. In order to reduce the deformation of the steel pipe pile during the sinking process, a reinforcing steel plate with a thickness of 16mm is set within the top and bottom of the steel pipe pile. The reinforced steel plate is set inside the bottom mouth; in order to reduce the resistance during the sinking process of the steel pipe pile, an alloy head blade foot is set at the bottom mouth of the steel pipe pile. When the size of the steel pipe cannot meet the size requirements of the prefabrication of the steel pipe pile and the connection system, it should generally be spliced before precise cutting. The extension weld needs to adopt double-sided groove welding, the weld needs to be fully penetrated, and the quality grade is level 2. The connection between steel pipes adopts circumferential intersecting welding, the weld height hf=8mm, and the appearance quality standard of the fillet weld is level 3.

[0084] In this embodiment, step S12 includes the following steps:

[0085] Step S121: setting two 8t naval anchors and two 10.5t naval anchors at the stern of the floating crane 7, setting two 10.5t naval anchors at the bow of the floating crane 7 as forward anchors, and adjusting the lifting distance of the floating crane 7;

[0086] Step S122: Adjust the handlebar 75 of the floating crane 7 to an angle of 55°, the operating distance is 42 m from the bow, and at this time, 12 m from the dock platform, and the lifting capacity is 2 × 400 t + 2 × 250 t, which meets the lifting requirements of the conduit support frame 1;

[0087] Step S123: Perform a trial lift, after the cradle is 910 cm to 20 cm away, hoist the cradle steadily for 10 minutes, and check the lifting points and other important load-bearing components;

[0088] Step S124: After the trial lifting is completed, the conduit support frame 1 is lifted to meet the disengagement condition of the module vehicle 8, and the module vehicle 8 drives away from the dock.

[0089] Specifically, such as Figure 4 As shown, step S13 includes the following steps:

[0090] Step S131: The floating crane 7 is anchored away from the seagoing wharf area, and the angle of the floating crane 75 is adjusted to 60 degrees; the main hook 71 and the auxiliary hook 72 of the floating crane 7 hold the conduit support frame 1 horizontally and motionlessly; the angle of the boom of the floating crane 7 remains unchanged, the main hook 71 begins to slowly lower, and the auxiliary hook 72 is raised synchronously, during which the lifting weight of the main hook 71 is controlled not to exceed the lifting weight of the main hook 71 in the horizontal hanging state;

[0091] Step S132: When the lower hanging point 12 is not submerged in water, the auxiliary hook 72 is continuously lifted and the main hook 71 is lowered simultaneously; during the turning process, the angle of the upper arm of the floating crane 7 is kept unchanged;

[0092] Step S133: When the catheter support frame 1 is turned over to 90 degrees, the two upper hanging ropes 73 on the main hook 71 are both under force; the lower hanging rope 74 on the main hook 71 is loosened from the lower hanging point 12, and the auxiliary hook 72 is slowly hooked to the top surface of the catheter support frame 1 about 2m above the water surface, and the wire rope of the lower hanging point 12 is released.

[0093] During the rollover process, the boom angle of the floating crane 7 remains unchanged at 60°. The auxiliary hook 72 is slowly lowered, while the main hook 71 is simultaneously raised, while the lower hook 12 is kept from entering the water. During the rollover process, the focus is on ensuring that the weight changes of the individual hooks of the floating crane 7 are consistent with the model analysis and that the total weight of the hooks is consistent with that of the catheter support frame 1.

[0094] In this embodiment, in the step S20, the inclination of the top surface of the catheter support frame 1 is checked, and the catheter support frame 1 is leveled using the floating crane 7. During leveling, two to three support piles 2 are placed on the bed. When leveling to the top surface, the height difference of the four corners of the catheter support frame 1 does not exceed 20 cm.

[0095] Specifically, in step S20, after the floating crane 7 is used to level the catheter support frame 1 to the top surface level, the temporary connecting plates 64 of a pair of diagonal supporting piles 2 are first released (if the supporting piles 2 are directly implanted, the temporary connecting plates 64 can be directly released; if the supporting piles 2 are not implanted, other floating cranes 7 can be used to lift the supporting piles 2, and then the temporary connecting plates 64 can be released), and the supporting piles 2 located at the diagonal position are lowered. After the diagonal supporting piles 2 are implanted, the floating crane 7 lifts the other two supporting piles 2, releases the temporary connecting plates 64, lowers them to implant, and starts the self-leveling mechanism 6, and uses the jacks 62 of the self-leveling mechanism 6 to counter-press the supporting piles 2 into the rock.

[0096] Specifically, such as Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, when the self-leveling mechanism 6 is started, the steps of tightening the upper nut 61, lifting the jack 62, tightening the middle nut 63, and returning the oil to the jack 62 are repeated until the supporting pile 2 is stable and the middle nut 63 is tightened. After all four supporting piles 2 are stable, the floating crane 7 is hoisted and unhooked, and the weight of the catheter support frame 1 is transferred to the four supporting piles 2.

[0097] In step S20, considering the positioning accuracy and verticality of the support pile 2, repeated adjustments may be required. The support pile 2 needs to be lifted during the adjustment, and ultimately the verticality of the support pile 2 needs to be ensured to be less than 0.5%.

[0098] In the step S30, the positioning auxiliary piles 4 in the non-implanted areas are preferentially inserted.

[0099] In step S40, each self-leveling mechanism 6 is removed in diagonal order, and only one set of self-leveling mechanisms 6 is allowed to be removed at a time. When removing the self-leveling mechanism 6, the following steps are performed in sequence: loosen the top bolt 10 cm upward, lift the jack 62, loosen the middle nut 63, return the oil to the jack 62, loosen the upper nut 61, and remove the jack 62 from top to bottom.

[0100] In this embodiment, the self-leveling mechanism 6 serves as the back-pressure system for the support piles 2 and an optional suspension support system after the conduit support frame 1 is lowered. From top to bottom, the self-leveling mechanism 6 consists of a "cross" top support, two 200t long-stroke jacks 62, a "cross" top support, and an anchor support. Each component is connected by eight φ40mm fine-rolled threaded steel bars. The anchor support is welded to the conduit support frame 1 during its manufacture.

[0101] If the seabed where the duct support frame 1 is lowered is relatively flat, or the duct support frame 1 is an "8-pile" structure, the self-leveling mechanism 6 may not be installed. The duct support frame 1 can be leveled by a crane ship, and the duct support frame 1 can be positioned by the full-rotation floating crane 7 in conjunction with the insertion of corner piles.

[0102] The anchor base is completely fabricated in the factory, butted against the top of the first steel pipe 3 of the conduit support frame 1 using full penetration welding, achieving a weld quality of Class 2. All welds, unless otherwise noted, are fillet welds, with a weld height hf = 10mm and a weld quality of Class 3. The self-leveling mechanism 6 is installed in the factory after the inner casing is installed. The installation sequence is: anchor base (welded to the corner pile) → "cross top seat" on the top of the support pile 2 → jack 62 → installation of the "cross top seat" → piercing and locking with the finished rolled threaded steel bar.

[0103] It should be noted that, in the description of this specification, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used solely for descriptive purposes and to distinguish similar objects. There is no order of precedence between the two, nor should they be understood to indicate or imply relative importance. Furthermore, in the description of this specification, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0104] Any numerical value cited herein includes all values of the lower and upper values in increments of one unit from the lower value to the upper value, provided that there is at least a two-unit interval between any lower value and any higher value. For example, if the value of a component quantity or process variable (e.g., temperature, pressure, time, etc.) is stated to be from 1 to 90, preferably from 20 to 80, and more preferably from 30 to 70, it is intended to illustrate that values such as 15 to 85, 22 to 68, 43 to 51, 30 to 32, etc. are also explicitly listed in this specification. For values less than 1, one unit is appropriately considered to be 0.0001, 0.001, 0.01, 0.1. These are merely examples intended to be clearly stated, and it is to be understood that all possible combinations of the values listed between the minimum and maximum values are explicitly stated in this specification in a similar manner.

[0105] Unless otherwise indicated, all ranges include the endpoints and all numbers between the endpoints. When used with a range, "about" or "approximately" applies to both endpoints of the range. Thus, "about 20 to 30" is intended to cover "about 20 to about 30," including at least the specified endpoints.

[0106] All articles and references disclosed herein, including patent applications and publications, are incorporated herein by reference for all purposes. The term "consisting essentially of..." when describing a combination should include the identified elements, ingredients, components, or steps and other elements, ingredients, components, or steps that do not materially affect the basic novel characteristics of the combination. The use of the terms "comprising" or "including" to describe a combination of elements, ingredients, components, or steps herein also contemplates embodiments consisting essentially of these elements, ingredients, components, or steps. By using the term "may," it is intended to indicate that any attribute described as "may" be optional.

[0107] Multiple elements, ingredients, parts or steps can be provided by a single integrated element, ingredient, part or step. Alternatively, a single integrated element, ingredient, part or step can be divided into separate multiple elements, ingredients, parts or steps. The disclosure of "a" or "an" to describe an element, ingredient, part or step is not intended to exclude other elements, ingredients, parts or steps.

[0108] It should be understood that the above description is for illustration and not for limitation. Many embodiments and many applications beyond the examples provided will be apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the above description. Therefore, the scope of the present teachings should not be determined with reference to the above description, but rather with reference to the appended claims and the full scope of equivalents to which such claims are entitled. For the purpose of comprehensiveness, all articles and references, including disclosures of patent applications and publications, are incorporated herein by reference. The omission of any aspect of the subject matter disclosed herein from the foregoing claims is not intended to be a disclaimer of such subject matter, nor should it be assumed that the inventors did not consider such subject matter to be part of the disclosed inventive subject matter.

Claims

1. A method for offshore hoisting, positioning, and installation of a large-scale conduit support frame, characterized in that: include: Step S10: transporting the catheter support frame to the bridge site by means of a floating crane, and implanting the catheter support frame; wherein, after being transported to the bridge site, adjusting the plane accuracy of the catheter support frame to within 1.0 m by pulling cables on the floating crane, and starting to lower the catheter support frame. When the catheter support frame is 0.5 m from the seabed, the lowering is stopped. After adjusting the plane accuracy of the catheter support frame before implantation to within 0.2 m by pulling cables on the floating crane and the transport barge, the catheter support frame is continued to be implanted. Step S20: using the floating crane to level the conduit support frame to a horizontal top surface, and using a self-leveling mechanism to ensure that the verticality of the support pile is less than 0.5%; wherein the conduit support frame is provided with four support piles, each of which is provided with a self-leveling mechanism, and the self-leveling mechanism can press the support pile back into the rock; the support pile is covered with a first steel pipe; Step S30: Using a hydraulic impact hammer to drive the positioning auxiliary piles, pouring high-strength mortar into the gap between the second steel pipe and the positioning auxiliary piles, then filling the gap with crushed stone to the top opening, then inserting a steel wedge into the top opening of the conduit support frame, and then connecting the top opening of the conduit support frame to the positioning auxiliary piles by welding a connecting plate; wherein, the conduit support frame is provided with two or four positioning auxiliary piles, each of which is covered with the second steel pipe; the diameter of the first steel pipe is larger than the diameter of the second steel pipe, and the diameter of the supporting pile is larger than the diameter of the positioning auxiliary pile; Step S40: dismantling each of the self-leveling mechanisms in sequence, driving the support piles with the hydraulic impact hammer, pouring high-strength mortar into the gap between the first steel pipe and the support piles, and then filling the gap with gravel to the top opening, then inserting a steel wedge into the top opening of the conduit support frame, and then connecting the top opening of the conduit support frame to the support piles by welding a connecting plate; Step S50: Setting up a temporary construction platform, constructing anchor piles, cutting the first and second steel pipes to the designed elevation, installing the pile cap, distribution beam, and Bailey beam using a floating crane, and installing the bridge deck system using the fishing method after the Bailey beam is installed. The step S10 includes the following steps: Step S11: transporting the catheter support frame to a seagoing terminal using a modular vehicle; Step S12: hoisting the catheter support frame by the floating crane and cutting off the transport tire frame; Step S13: moving the anchor of the floating crane out of the wharf, flipping the conduit support frame, and transporting the conduit support frame to the bridge site after flipping; Wherein, the step S13 includes the following steps: Step S131: The floating crane is anchored away from the seagoing wharf area, and the angle of the floating crane handle is adjusted to 60 degrees; the main and auxiliary hooks of the floating crane are suspended on the guide tube support frame and remain horizontal and motionless; the angle of the floating crane boom remains unchanged, the main hook begins to be slowly lowered, and the auxiliary hook is raised synchronously, during which the lifting weight of the main hook is controlled not to exceed the lifting weight of the main hook in the horizontal state; Step S132: When the lowering point does not enter the water, the auxiliary hook is continuously lifted and the main hook is lowered synchronously; the angle of the floating crane boom is kept unchanged during the turning process; Step S133: When the catheter support frame turns over to 90 degrees, both upper suspension ropes on the main hook are under stress; the lower suspension rope on the main hook is loosened from the lower suspension point, and the auxiliary hook is slowly lowered to the top surface of the catheter support frame 2m above the water surface, and the wire rope at the lower suspension point is released.

2. The offshore hoisting, positioning, and installation construction method for a large-scale conduit support frame according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The step S10 further includes the following steps: Step S14: adjusting the plane accuracy of the catheter support frame to within 1.0 m by pulling up the floating crane cable, and starting to lower the catheter support frame during the low tide period; Step S15: When the catheter support frame is lowered to 0.5m from the seabed, the lowering is stopped, and the plane accuracy of the catheter support frame before landing is adjusted to within 0.2m by pulling the cable on the floating crane and the transport barge, and then the catheter support frame is continued to be lowered to ensure that the catheter support frame is landed.

3. The offshore hoisting, positioning, and installation construction method for a large-scale conduit support frame according to claim 2 is characterized in that: In step S10, a total of 6 lifting points are set on the catheter support frame, with 4 lifting points on the top and 2 lifting points on the bottom. The lifting points are composed of steel pipes with a diameter of 1500 mm and a thickness of 24 mm and steel plates with a thickness of 20 mm; the rated lifting capacity of the main hook of the floating crane is 4×650t, and the rated lifting capacity of the auxiliary hook is 2×250t.

4. The offshore hoisting, positioning, and installation construction method for a large-scale conduit support frame according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The step S12 includes the following steps: Step S121: setting two 8t naval anchors and two 10.5t naval anchors at the tail of the floating crane, setting two 10.5t naval anchors at the bow of the floating crane as forward anchors, and adjusting the lifting distance of the floating crane; Step S122: Adjust the floating crane's handlebar angle to 55°, and the operating distance to 42m from the bow, which is 12m from the dock platform; Step S123: Perform a trial lift, after the tire is 10 cm to 20 cm away from the transport frame, lift it steadily for 10 minutes and check the lifting points; Step S124: After the trial lifting is completed, the conduit support frame is lifted to meet the module vehicle separation condition, and the module vehicle drives away from the dock.

5. The offshore hoisting, positioning, and installation construction method for a large-scale pipe support frame according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S20, the top surface inclination of the catheter support frame is checked, and the catheter support frame is leveled using the floating crane. During leveling, 2 to 3 support piles are placed on the bed. When leveling to the top surface, the height difference of the four corners of the catheter support frame does not exceed 20 cm.

6. The offshore hoisting, positioning, and installation construction method for a large-scale conduit support frame according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S20, after the catheter support frame is leveled to the top surface using the floating crane, the temporary connecting plates of a pair of diagonal supporting piles are first released, and the supporting piles located at the diagonals are lowered. After the diagonal supporting piles are planted, the floating crane lifts the other two supporting piles, the temporary connecting plates are released, the piles are lowered, and the self-leveling mechanism is started, and the jacks of the self-leveling mechanism are used to counter-press the supporting piles into the rock.

7. The offshore hoisting, positioning, and installation construction method for a large-scale conduit support frame according to claim 6 is characterized in that: When the self-leveling mechanism is started, the steps of tightening the upper nut, lifting with the jack, tightening the middle nut, and returning the oil with the jack are repeated until the supporting pile is stable and the middle nut is tightened. After all four supporting piles are stable, the floating hook is hoisted and the weight of the catheter support frame is transferred to the four supporting piles.

8. The offshore hoisting, positioning, and installation construction method for a large-scale conduit support frame according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In the step S30, the positioning auxiliary piles in the non-implanted areas are preferentially inserted.

9. The offshore hoisting, positioning, and installation construction method for a large-scale pipe support frame according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S40, each of the self-leveling mechanisms is removed in diagonal order; when removing the self-leveling mechanism, the steps are performed in sequence: loosen the top bolt 10 cm upward, lift the jack, loosen the middle nut, return the oil to the jack, loosen the upper nut, and remove the jack from top to bottom.

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