A construction method of a waterproof protective layer of a roof based on microbial concrete

Abstract

The application belongs to the field of roof waterproof protective layer, and particularly discloses a roof waterproof protective layer construction method based on microbial concrete, and the specific steps are as follows: S1, microbial culture; S2, protective carrier wrapping; S3, concrete preparation; S4, concrete pouring; and S5, concrete curing; the method uses expanded perlite particles as carrier medium, and respectively immobilizes single bacillus and aerobic mixed bacteria, so that the single bacillus and the aerobic mixed bacteria are activated at the same time when cracks are formed, and a composite mineralized structure is induced to form, the repair effect of the cracks is enhanced, the high strength of aragonite and the good filling property of calcite are combined, the overall strength and durability of the crack repair area can be improved, the visual appearance of the concrete repair area is increased, the expanded perlite particles are used as carrier medium, and the hydrogel wrapped on the surface of the bacterial expanded perlite can protect the microorganisms and be used as a water storage agent, and the survival environment of the microorganisms is enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of roof waterproofing protective layers, specifically relating to a construction method for roof waterproofing protective layers based on microbial concrete. Background Technology

[0002] Roof waterproofing is a crucial part of building design and construction, designed to prevent rainwater infiltration and moisture accumulation, thereby protecting the building's structure and interior space. After the roof waterproofing material is laid, a layer of concrete is usually poured on top of the waterproofing material as a roof waterproofing protective layer to protect the waterproofing layer from the effects of external environment and physical damage.

[0003] However, traditional roof waterproofing protective layers usually use ordinary concrete, which is brittle and has low tensile strength, making it prone to cracking. This provides a channel for moisture, corrosive particles, and other substances, reducing the protective effect and causing damage to the roof waterproofing layer, thus affecting the waterproofing performance.

[0004] A search revealed relevant patent publications, specifically invention patent 201910540591.4, entitled "Method for Repairing Concrete Cracks with Expanded Perlite Incorporating Immobilized Microorganisms," published on September 27, 2019. This method discloses a method for repairing concrete cracks using expanded perlite incorporating immobilized microorganisms. The method first utilizes a vacuum impregnation method to adsorb a suspension of mineralized Bacillus coli DSM6307 bacteria and calcium lactate onto the surface and internal pores of expanded perlite particles under negative pressure. Then, a yeast extract solution is sprayed onto the surface to obtain expanded perlite immobilized with bacteria and calcium lactate. Next, a slurry formed by mixing metakaolin, sodium silicate, and water is uniformly sprayed onto the perlite to obtain self-healing particles. After pre-wetting treatment, these particles are added to concrete and mixed, followed by standard curing to obtain self-healing concrete. Another invention patent, 202311801204.0, entitled "A Self-Repairing Agent Particle for Concrete Cracks and Its Preparation Method and Application," published on March 26, 2024, specifically discloses a method for preparing self-repairing agent particles for concrete cracks, including the following steps: activating and culturing freeze-dried Bacillus pasteurellii powder to prepare a spore suspension; mixing expanded perlite with the spore suspension under a vacuum of -0.06 MPa to obtain bacteria-loaded perlite; drying; spraying a prepared nutrient solution onto the surface of the bacteria-loaded perlite; placing the dried bacteria-loaded perlite into a mixer, then pouring the prepared potassium magnesium phosphate cement mixture into the mixer, turning on the mixer to evenly coat the surface of the bacteria-loaded perlite with the potassium magnesium phosphate cement mixture, forming particles; after coating, placing the particles in a container for curing for 1 day, and finally placing them in a 40℃ forced-air drying oven to dry to constant weight. The shortcomings of these two patents are insufficient overall strength and durability of the concrete repair area, poor microbial activity, and inadequate repair effect. Summary of the Invention

[0005] 1. The technical problem that the invention aims to solve

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the problems of existing roof waterproofing protective layers being brittle and having low tensile strength, which makes concrete prone to cracking. This provides a channel for moisture, corrosive particles, and other substances, reducing the protective effect and causing damage to the roof waterproofing layer. This invention provides a construction method for roof waterproofing protective layers based on microbial concrete. This invention uses expanded perlite particles as a carrier medium, optimizes the bacterial strains, and separately immobilizes individual Bacillus and aerobic mixed bacteria, thereby activating them simultaneously when cracks form and inducing the formation of a composite mineralized structure. This enhances the crack repair effect, improves the overall strength and durability of the crack repair area, and also increases the aesthetics of the concrete repair area.

[0007] 2. Technical Solution

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0009] A method for constructing a roof waterproofing protective layer based on microbial concrete, the specific steps of which are as follows:

[0010] S1. Microbial culture: Mixed Bacillus bacteria are obtained by culturing in liquid culture medium, and aerobic mixed bacteria are obtained by culturing in culture solution; the mixed Bacillus bacteria are one or more of Bacillus spheroidae, Bacillus pasteurellii and Bacillus coli.

[0011] S2. Protective carrier encapsulation: Expanded perlite particles P1 are used as microbial carriers. The obtained mixed Bacillus and aerobic mixed bacteria are adsorbed on the surface and internal pores of expanded perlite particles P1 to obtain bacteria-containing expanded perlite particles P2.

[0012] S3. Concrete preparation: Recycled coarse aggregate, sand and cement are mixed to obtain microbial concrete H1;

[0013] S4. Concrete pouring: The obtained microbial concrete is poured onto the roof waterproofing layer to form a roof waterproofing protective layer;

[0014] S5. Concrete curing: Curing the formed roof waterproof protective layer, maintaining a moist environment, promoting the activity of microorganisms and the solidification of concrete.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention, the aerobic mixed bacteria in step S1 include Bacteroides, Bacillus subtilis and urea cocci, wherein, by volume percentage, urea cocci account for 15% to 18%, Bacteroides accounts for 16% to 20%, and Bacillus subtilis accounts for 32% to 35%.

[0016] As a further improvement of the present invention, the aerobic mixed bacteria in step S1 include Bacillus Pasteurella multocida and alkalophiles, wherein, by volume percentage, Bacillus Pasteurella multocida accounts for 30% to 50% and alkalophiles account for 20% to 40%.

[0017] As a further improvement of the present invention, the specific operation steps of step S2 are as follows:

[0018] S21: The expanded perlite particles P1 are obtained by adsorbing the bacterial solution of mixed Bacillus and aerobic mixed bacteria into the surface and internal pores of the expanded perlite particles P1 by vacuum impregnation at a pressure of -0.06MPa.

[0019] S22: Dry the expanded perlite particles P1 after adsorption at 38-42 degrees Celsius to constant weight;

[0020] S23: Spray yeast paste solution onto the surface of the expanded perlite particles P1;

[0021] S24: The expanded perlite particles P1 are dried again at 38–42 degrees Celsius to constant weight, yielding particles with a diameter of 2–5 mm and a bulk density of 76–80 kg / m³. 3 The bacteria-containing expanded perlite particles P2.

[0022] As a further improvement of the present invention, the specific operation steps of step S3 are as follows:

[0023] S31: Liquid L obtained by mixing metakaolin, sodium silicate solution and water;

[0024] S32: The liquid L is used to coat the outer surface of the bacteria-containing expanded perlite particles P2 to obtain bacteria-containing expanded perlite particles P21;

[0025] S33: Mix recycled coarse aggregate, sand and cement;

[0026] S34: Add the bacteria-containing expanded perlite particles P21 in the final stage of mixing, and after mixing, obtain microbial concrete H1.

[0027] As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S2, the bacterial expanded perlite particles P2 and the hydrogel are mixed evenly in a ratio of 3:1, so that the hydrogel evenly coats the outside of the bacterial expanded perlite particles P2.

[0028] As a further improvement of the present invention, the preparation steps of the recycled coarse aggregate in step S33 are as follows:

[0029] S331: Mix the coarse aggregate raw material with the aerobic mixed bacteria to make the microorganisms evenly distributed on the coarse aggregate raw material;

[0030] S332: The mixed coarse aggregate raw material is soaked in a nutrient solution for mineralization, and the mineralization temperature is controlled at 25 degrees Celsius to 30 degrees Celsius.

[0031] S333: Recycled coarse aggregate is obtained after a mineralization time of 3 to 5 days.

[0032] As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S33, calcium lactate and polymer emulsion are added during the mixing of recycled coarse aggregate, sand and cement, and then water-reducing agent and water-retaining agent are added. The amount of water-reducing agent added is 0.5% to 2% of the weight of cement, and the amount of water-retaining agent added is 1% to 3% of the weight of cement.

[0033] As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S33, during the mixing of recycled coarse aggregate, sand, and cement, a mixture of calcium-precipitating bacteria, silicate bacteria, and urea is added. The amount of urea added is 0.5% to 2% of the cement weight. The mixing temperature does not exceed 30 degrees Celsius, the mixing time is 3 to 5 minutes, and a low-shear mixing method is adopted. This low-shear mixing method refers to using a lower stirring speed and a gentler stirring method to avoid damaging or destroying the microorganisms in the mixture.

[0034] 3. Beneficial effects

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by this invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention uses expanded perlite particles as a carrier medium to immobilize individual Bacillus and aerobic mixed bacteria, thereby activating them simultaneously when cracks form and inducing the formation of a composite mineralized structure, enhancing the crack repair effect. After mineralization, aragonite and calcite are formed. By combining the high strength of aragonite and the good filling properties of calcite, the overall strength and durability of the crack repair area can be improved, and the aesthetics of the concrete repair area can be increased visually.

[0036] This invention uses expanded perlite particles as a carrier medium to protect microorganisms and prevent them from becoming inactive during concrete mixing, thus ensuring their activity. Combined with the hydrogel wrapped around the surface of the bacteria-containing expanded perlite, it can both protect microorganisms and act as a water-retaining agent, increasing the amount of crack filling and reducing permeability, enhancing the living environment of microorganisms, providing them with moisture and nutrients, maintaining their activity, and thus improving the crack repair effect. Attached Figure Description

[0037] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the following description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0038] in:

[0039] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the preparation steps of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 This is a block diagram illustrating the composition of the microbial concrete of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 This is a block diagram of an aerobic mixed bacteria composition according to the present invention;

[0042] Figure 4 This is a block diagram of another aerobic mixed bacteria composition of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 5 This is a microscopic schematic diagram of the aerobic mixed bacteria inducing the precipitation of mineral crystals in cracks according to the present invention;

[0044] Figure 6 This is a microscopic schematic diagram of the induced precipitation of mineral crystals at the cracks in Bacillus subtilis according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation Detailed Implementation

[0046] To further understand the content of this invention, a detailed description of the invention will be provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0047] Example 1

[0048] As attached Figure 1 , Figure 2 and attached Figure 3 As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a construction method for a roof waterproofing protective layer based on microbial concrete. The specific steps are as follows:

[0049] S1. Microbial culture: Mixed Bacillus bacteria are obtained by culturing in liquid culture medium, and aerobic mixed bacteria are obtained by culturing in culture solution; the mixed Bacillus bacteria are Bacillus spheroidae, Bacillus pasteurellii and Bacillus coli.

[0050] S2. Protective carrier encapsulation: Expanded perlite particles P1 are used as microbial carriers. The obtained mixed Bacillus and aerobic mixed bacteria are adsorbed on the surface and internal pores of expanded perlite particles P1 to obtain bacteria-containing expanded perlite particles P2.

[0051] S3. Concrete preparation: Recycled coarse aggregate, sand and cement are mixed to obtain microbial concrete H1;

[0052] S4. Concrete pouring: The obtained microbial concrete is poured onto the roof waterproofing layer to form a roof waterproofing protective layer;

[0053] S5. Concrete curing: Curing the formed roof waterproof protective layer, maintaining a moist environment, promoting the activity of microorganisms and the solidification of concrete.

[0054] Preferably, the aerobic mixed bacteria in step S1 include Bacteroides, Bacillus subtilis, and Ureaplasma, wherein, by volume percentage, Ureaplasma accounts for 15%, Bacteroides accounts for 16%, and Bacillus subtilis accounts for 32%.

[0055] Preferably, the specific operation steps of step S2 are as follows:

[0056] S21: The expanded perlite particles P1 are obtained by adsorbing the bacterial solution of mixed Bacillus and aerobic mixed bacteria into the surface and internal pores of the expanded perlite particles P1 by vacuum impregnation at a pressure of -0.06MPa.

[0057] S22: Dry the expanded perlite particles P1 after adsorption at 38 degrees Celsius to constant weight;

[0058] S23: Spray yeast paste solution onto the surface of the expanded perlite particles P1;

[0059] S24: The expanded perlite particles P1 are dried again at 38 degrees Celsius to constant weight, resulting in particles with a diameter of 2 mm and a bulk density of 76 kg / m³. 3 The bacteria-containing expanded perlite particles P2.

[0060] Preferably, the specific operation steps of step S3 are as follows:

[0061] S31: Liquid L obtained by mixing metakaolin, sodium silicate solution and water;

[0062] S32: The liquid L is used to coat the outer surface of the bacteria-containing expanded perlite particles P2 to obtain bacteria-containing expanded perlite particles P21;

[0063] S33: Mix recycled coarse aggregate, sand and cement;

[0064] S34: Add the bacteria-containing expanded perlite particles P21 in the final stage of mixing, and after mixing, obtain microbial concrete H1.

[0065] As shown above, using expanded perlite as a carrier for microorganisms, and employing a vacuum impregnation method to adsorb microorganisms onto the surface and internal pores of the expanded perlite particles, provides sufficient living space for microorganisms to survive and protects them from the high-alkalinity environment of concrete, preventing microbial inactivation during concrete mixing. Furthermore, the external coating treatment on the surface of the expanded perlite particles reduces their water absorption rate, preventing microorganisms from spreading to other parts of the concrete during preparation or from breaking during mixing, which could lead to microbial loss and inactivation. Adding Bacillus and aerobic bacteria to the concrete allows water and air to enter when cracks appear, activating dormant Bacillus microorganisms. The microorganisms metabolize and produce mineral deposits, filling the cracks and achieving self-repair. The aerobic bacteria contain various microorganisms, with Ureaplasma having mineralization and deposition functions, although they constitute a relatively large proportion. While the amount of inorganic carbon is small, its inorganic carbon conversion rate is relatively high. Bacteroides play an important role in the transfer of electrons in solution under high alkaline conditions. Bacillus subtilis is tenacious and can survive under high temperature, high pressure, high alkalinity and dryness. This ensures that microorganisms maintain their activity in the complex environment inside concrete. Through the synergistic work of microorganisms in the aerobic community, CaCO3 formation is promoted. When cracks appear in concrete, the aerobic mixed bacteria and Bacillus subtilis are activated at the same time, and then produce mineral precipitation to repair the cracks. The aerobic mixed bacteria will induce the precipitation of calcium carbonate in the form of aragonite crystals in the cracks, and Bacillus subtilis will induce the precipitation of calcium carbonate in the form of calcite crystals in the cracks, thus forming a composite mineralization structure, enhancing the repair effect of cracks. By combining the high strength of aragonite and the good filling properties of calcite, the overall strength and durability of the crack repair area can be improved, and the aesthetics of the concrete repair area can be increased visually.

[0066] Aerobic mixed bacteria induce the formation of aragonite elongated crystals, which can form better mechanical interlocking in cracks and quickly complete crack repair. Then, Bacillus induces the formation of calcite rhomboid crystals to fill the crack gaps, enhance adhesion, reduce the penetration of water and other corrosive substances, and improve the repair effect.

[0067] Example 2

[0068] As attached Figure 1 , Figure 2 and attached Figure 3 As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a construction method for a roof waterproofing protective layer based on microbial concrete. The specific steps are as follows:

[0069] S1. Microbial culture: Mixed Bacillus was obtained by culturing in liquid culture medium, and aerobic mixed bacteria were obtained by culturing in culture solution; the mixed Bacillus was Bacillus coli.

[0070] S2. Protective carrier encapsulation: Expanded perlite particles P1 are used as microbial carriers. The obtained mixed Bacillus and aerobic mixed bacteria are adsorbed on the surface and internal pores of expanded perlite particles P1 to obtain bacteria-containing expanded perlite particles P2.

[0071] S3. Concrete preparation: Recycled coarse aggregate, sand and cement are mixed to obtain microbial concrete H1;

[0072] S4. Concrete pouring: The obtained microbial concrete is poured onto the roof waterproofing layer to form a roof waterproofing protective layer;

[0073] S5. Concrete curing: Curing the formed roof waterproof protective layer, maintaining a moist environment, promoting the activity of microorganisms and the solidification of concrete.

[0074] Preferably, the aerobic mixed bacteria in step S1 include Bacteroides, Bacillus subtilis, and Ureaplasma, wherein, by volume percentage, Ureaplasma accounts for 18%, Bacteroides accounts for 20%, and Bacillus subtilis accounts for 35%.

[0075] Preferably, the specific operation steps of step S2 are as follows:

[0076] S21: The expanded perlite particles P1 are obtained by adsorbing the bacterial solution of mixed Bacillus and aerobic mixed bacteria into the surface and internal pores of the expanded perlite particles P1 by vacuum impregnation at a pressure of -0.06MPa.

[0077] S22: Dry the expanded perlite particles P1 after adsorption at 42 degrees Celsius to constant weight;

[0078] S23: Spray yeast paste solution onto the surface of the expanded perlite particles P1;

[0079] S24: The expanded perlite particles P1 are dried again at 42 degrees Celsius to constant weight, resulting in particles with a diameter of 5 mm and a bulk density of 80 kg / m³. 3 The bacteria-containing expanded perlite particles P2.

[0080] Preferably, the specific operation steps of step S3 are as follows:

[0081] S31: Liquid L obtained by mixing metakaolin, sodium silicate solution and water;

[0082] S32: The liquid L is used to coat the outer surface of the bacteria-containing expanded perlite particles P2 to obtain bacteria-containing expanded perlite particles P21;

[0083] S33: Mix recycled coarse aggregate, sand and cement;

[0084] S34: Add the bacteria-containing expanded perlite particles P21 in the final stage of mixing, and after mixing, obtain microbial concrete H1.

[0085] As shown above, using expanded perlite as a carrier for microorganisms, and employing a vacuum impregnation method to adsorb microorganisms onto the surface and internal pores of the expanded perlite particles, provides sufficient living space for microorganisms to survive and protects them from the high-alkalinity environment of concrete, preventing microbial inactivation during concrete mixing. Furthermore, the external coating treatment on the surface of the expanded perlite particles reduces their water absorption rate, preventing microorganisms from spreading to other parts of the concrete during preparation or from breaking during mixing, which could lead to microbial loss and inactivation. Adding Bacillus and aerobic bacteria to the concrete allows water and air to enter when cracks appear, activating dormant Bacillus microorganisms. The microorganisms metabolize and produce mineral deposits, filling the cracks and achieving self-repair. The aerobic bacteria contain various microorganisms, with Ureaplasma having mineralization and deposition functions, although they constitute a relatively large proportion. While the amount of inorganic carbon is small, its inorganic carbon conversion rate is relatively high. Bacteroides play an important role in the transfer of electrons in solution under high alkaline conditions. Bacillus subtilis is tenacious and can survive under high temperature, high pressure, high alkalinity and dryness. This ensures that microorganisms maintain their activity in the complex environment inside concrete. Through the synergistic work of microorganisms in the aerobic community, CaCO3 formation is promoted. When cracks appear in concrete, the aerobic mixed bacteria and Bacillus subtilis are activated at the same time, and then produce mineral precipitation to repair the cracks. The aerobic mixed bacteria will induce the precipitation of calcium carbonate in the form of aragonite crystals in the cracks, and Bacillus subtilis will induce the precipitation of calcium carbonate in the form of calcite crystals in the cracks, thus forming a composite mineralization structure, enhancing the repair effect of cracks. By combining the high strength of aragonite and the good filling properties of calcite, the overall strength and durability of the crack repair area can be improved, and the aesthetics of the concrete repair area can be increased visually.

[0086] Aerobic mixed bacteria induce the formation of aragonite elongated crystals, which can form better mechanical interlocking in cracks and quickly complete crack repair. Then, Bacillus induces the formation of calcite rhomboid crystals to fill the crack gaps, enhance adhesion, reduce the penetration of water and other corrosive substances, and improve the repair effect.

[0087] Example 3

[0088] As attached Figure 1 , Figure 2 and attached Figure 4 As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a construction method for a roof waterproofing protective layer based on microbial concrete. The specific steps are as follows:

[0089] S1. Microbial culture: Mixed Bacillus bacteria are obtained by culturing in liquid culture medium, and aerobic mixed bacteria are obtained by culturing in culture solution; the mixed Bacillus bacteria are Bacillus spheroidae, Bacillus pasteurellii and Bacillus coli.

[0090] S2. Protective carrier encapsulation: Expanded perlite particles P1 are used as microbial carriers. The obtained mixed Bacillus and aerobic mixed bacteria are adsorbed on the surface and internal pores of expanded perlite particles P1 to obtain bacteria-containing expanded perlite particles P2.

[0091] S3. Concrete preparation: Recycled coarse aggregate, sand and cement are mixed to obtain microbial concrete H1;

[0092] S4. Concrete pouring: The obtained microbial concrete is poured onto the roof waterproofing layer to form a roof waterproofing protective layer;

[0093] S5. Concrete curing: Curing the formed roof waterproof protective layer, maintaining a moist environment, promoting the activity of microorganisms and the solidification of concrete.

[0094] Preferably, the aerobic mixed bacteria in step S1 include Bacillus Pasteurella multocida and alkalophiles, wherein, by volume percentage, Bacillus Pasteurella multocida accounts for 30% and alkalophiles account for 20%.

[0095] Preferably, the specific operation steps of step S2 are as follows:

[0096] S21: The expanded perlite particles P1 are obtained by adsorbing the bacterial solution of mixed Bacillus and aerobic mixed bacteria into the surface and internal pores of the expanded perlite particles P1 by vacuum impregnation at a pressure of -0.06MPa.

[0097] S22: Dry the expanded perlite particles P1 after adsorption at 38 degrees Celsius to constant weight;

[0098] S23: Spray yeast paste solution onto the surface of the expanded perlite particles P1;

[0099] S24: The expanded perlite particles P1 are dried again at 38–42 degrees Celsius to constant weight, yielding particles with a diameter of 2 mm and a bulk density of 76 kg / m³. 3 The bacteria-containing expanded perlite particles P2.

[0100] Preferably, the specific operation steps of step S3 are as follows:

[0101] S31: Liquid L obtained by mixing metakaolin, sodium silicate solution and water;

[0102] S32: The liquid L is used to coat the outer surface of the bacteria-containing expanded perlite particles P2 to obtain bacteria-containing expanded perlite particles P21;

[0103] S33: Mix recycled coarse aggregate, sand and cement;

[0104] S34: Add the bacteria-containing expanded perlite particles P21 in the final stage of mixing, and after mixing, obtain microbial concrete H1.

[0105] As shown above, using expanded perlite as a carrier for microorganisms, and employing a vacuum impregnation method to adsorb microorganisms onto the surface and internal pores of the expanded perlite particles, provides sufficient living space for microorganisms to survive and protects them from the high-alkalinity environment of concrete, preventing microbial inactivation during concrete mixing. Furthermore, the external coating treatment on the surface of the expanded perlite particles reduces their water absorption rate, preventing microorganisms from spreading to other parts of the concrete during preparation or from breaking during mixing, which could lead to microbial loss and inactivation. Adding Bacillus and aerobic bacteria to the concrete allows water and air to enter when cracks appear, activating dormant Bacillus microorganisms. The microorganisms metabolize and produce mineral deposits, filling the cracks and achieving self-repair. The aerobic bacteria contain various microorganisms, with Ureaplasma having mineralization and deposition functions, although they constitute a relatively large proportion. While the amount of inorganic carbon is small, its inorganic carbon conversion rate is relatively high. Bacteroides play an important role in the transfer of electrons in solution under high alkaline conditions. Bacillus subtilis is tenacious and can survive under high temperature, high pressure, high alkalinity and dryness. This ensures that microorganisms maintain their activity in the complex environment inside concrete. Through the synergistic work of microorganisms in the aerobic community, CaCO3 formation is promoted. When cracks appear in concrete, the aerobic mixed bacteria and Bacillus subtilis are activated at the same time, and then produce mineral precipitation to repair the cracks. The aerobic mixed bacteria will induce the precipitation of calcium carbonate in the form of aragonite crystals in the cracks, and Bacillus subtilis will induce the precipitation of calcium carbonate in the form of calcite crystals in the cracks, thus forming a composite mineralization structure, enhancing the repair effect of cracks. By combining the high strength of aragonite and the good filling properties of calcite, the overall strength and durability of the crack repair area can be improved, and the aesthetics of the concrete repair area can be increased visually.

[0106] Aerobic mixed bacteria induce the formation of aragonite elongated crystals, which can form better mechanical interlocking in cracks and quickly complete crack repair. Then, Bacillus induces the formation of calcite rhomboid crystals to fill the crack gaps, enhance adhesion, reduce the penetration of water and other corrosive substances, and improve the repair effect.

[0107] Example 4

[0108] As attached Figure 1 , Figure 2 and attached Figure 4As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a construction method for a roof waterproofing protective layer based on microbial concrete. The specific steps are as follows:

[0109] S1. Microbial culture: Mixed Bacillus bacteria are obtained by culturing in liquid culture medium, and aerobic mixed bacteria are obtained by culturing in culture solution; the mixed Bacillus bacteria are Bacillus pasteurellii and Bacillus coli.

[0110] S2. Protective carrier encapsulation: Expanded perlite particles P1 are used as microbial carriers. The obtained mixed Bacillus and aerobic mixed bacteria are adsorbed on the surface and internal pores of expanded perlite particles P1 to obtain bacteria-containing expanded perlite particles P2.

[0111] S3. Concrete preparation: Recycled coarse aggregate, sand and cement are mixed to obtain microbial concrete H1;

[0112] S4. Concrete pouring: The obtained microbial concrete is poured onto the roof waterproofing layer to form a roof waterproofing protective layer;

[0113] S5. Concrete curing: Curing the formed roof waterproof protective layer, maintaining a moist environment, promoting the activity of microorganisms and the solidification of concrete.

[0114] Preferably, the aerobic mixed bacteria in step S1 include Bacillus Pasteurella multocida and alkalophiles, wherein, by volume percentage, Bacillus Pasteurella multocida accounts for 50% and alkalophiles account for 40%.

[0115] Preferably, the specific operation steps of step S2 are as follows:

[0116] S21: The expanded perlite particles P1 are obtained by adsorbing the bacterial solution of mixed Bacillus and aerobic mixed bacteria into the surface and internal pores of the expanded perlite particles P1 by vacuum impregnation at a pressure of -0.06MPa.

[0117] S22: Dry the expanded perlite particles P1 after adsorption at 42 degrees Celsius to constant weight;

[0118] S23: Spray yeast paste solution onto the surface of the expanded perlite particles P1;

[0119] S24: The expanded perlite particles P1 are dried again at 38–42 degrees Celsius to constant weight, yielding particles with a diameter of 5 mm and a bulk density of 80 kg / m³. 3 The bacteria-containing expanded perlite particles P2.

[0120] Preferably, the specific operation steps of step S3 are as follows:

[0121] S31: Liquid L obtained by mixing metakaolin, sodium silicate solution and water;

[0122] S32: The liquid L is used to coat the outer surface of the bacteria-containing expanded perlite particles P2 to obtain bacteria-containing expanded perlite particles P21;

[0123] S33: Mix recycled coarse aggregate, sand and cement;

[0124] S34: Add the bacteria-containing expanded perlite particles P21 in the final stage of mixing, and after mixing, obtain microbial concrete H1.

[0125] As shown above, using expanded perlite as a carrier for microorganisms, and employing a vacuum impregnation method to adsorb microorganisms onto the surface and internal pores of the expanded perlite particles, provides sufficient living space for microorganisms to survive and protects them from the high-alkalinity environment of concrete, preventing microbial inactivation during concrete mixing. Furthermore, the external coating treatment on the surface of the expanded perlite particles reduces their water absorption rate, preventing microorganisms from spreading to other parts of the concrete during preparation or from breaking during mixing, which could lead to microbial loss and inactivation. Adding Bacillus and aerobic bacteria to the concrete allows water and air to enter when cracks appear, activating dormant Bacillus microorganisms. The microorganisms metabolize and produce mineral deposits, filling the cracks and achieving self-repair. The aerobic bacteria contain various microorganisms, with Ureaplasma having mineralization and deposition functions, although they constitute a relatively large proportion. While the amount of inorganic carbon is small, its inorganic carbon conversion rate is relatively high. Bacteroides play an important role in the transfer of electrons in solution under high alkaline conditions. Bacillus subtilis is tenacious and can survive under high temperature, high pressure, high alkalinity and dryness. This ensures that microorganisms maintain their activity in the complex environment inside concrete. Through the synergistic work of microorganisms in the aerobic community, CaCO3 formation is promoted. When cracks appear in concrete, the aerobic mixed bacteria and Bacillus subtilis are activated at the same time, and then produce mineral precipitation to repair the cracks. The aerobic mixed bacteria will induce the precipitation of calcium carbonate in the form of aragonite crystals in the cracks, and Bacillus subtilis will induce the precipitation of calcium carbonate in the form of calcite crystals in the cracks, thus forming a composite mineralization structure, enhancing the repair effect of cracks. By combining the high strength of aragonite and the good filling properties of calcite, the overall strength and durability of the crack repair area can be improved, and the aesthetics of the concrete repair area can be increased visually.

[0126] Aerobic mixed bacteria induce the formation of aragonite elongated crystals, which can form better mechanical interlocking in cracks and quickly complete crack repair. Then, Bacillus induces the formation of calcite rhomboid crystals to fill the crack gaps, enhance adhesion, reduce the penetration of water and other corrosive substances, and improve the repair effect.

[0127] Example 5

[0128] As attachedFigure 1 To be continued Figure 4 As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a construction method for a roof waterproofing protective layer based on microbial concrete. The specific steps are as follows:

[0129] S1. Microbial culture: Mixed Bacillus bacteria are obtained by culturing in liquid culture medium, and aerobic mixed bacteria are obtained by culturing in culture solution; the mixed Bacillus bacteria are Bacillus spheroidae, Bacillus pasteurellii and Bacillus coli.

[0130] S2. Protective carrier encapsulation: Expanded perlite particles P1 are used as microbial carriers. The obtained mixed Bacillus and aerobic mixed bacteria are adsorbed on the surface and internal pores of expanded perlite particles P1 to obtain bacteria-containing expanded perlite particles P2.

[0131] S3. Concrete preparation: Recycled coarse aggregate, sand and cement are mixed to obtain microbial concrete H1;

[0132] S4. Concrete pouring: The obtained microbial concrete is poured onto the roof waterproofing layer to form a roof waterproofing protective layer;

[0133] S5. Concrete curing: Curing the formed roof waterproof protective layer, maintaining a moist environment, promoting the activity of microorganisms and the solidification of concrete.

[0134] Preferably, the aerobic mixed bacteria in step S1 include Bacteroides, Bacillus subtilis, and Ureaplasma, wherein, by volume percentage, Ureaplasma accounts for 15%, Bacteroides accounts for 16%, and Bacillus subtilis accounts for 32%.

[0135] Preferably, the aerobic mixed bacteria in step S1 include Bacillus Pasteurella multocida and alkalophiles, wherein, by volume percentage, Bacillus Pasteurella multocida accounts for 30% and alkalophiles account for 20%.

[0136] Preferably, the specific operation steps of step S2 are as follows:

[0137] S21: The expanded perlite particles P1 are obtained by adsorbing the bacterial solution of mixed Bacillus and aerobic mixed bacteria into the surface and internal pores of the expanded perlite particles P1 by vacuum impregnation at a pressure of -0.06MPa.

[0138] S22: Dry the expanded perlite particles P1 after adsorption at 38 degrees Celsius to constant weight;

[0139] S23: Spray yeast paste solution onto the surface of the expanded perlite particles P1;

[0140] S24: The expanded perlite particles P1 are dried again at 38 degrees Celsius to constant weight, resulting in particles with a diameter of 2 mm and a bulk density of 76 kg / m³.3 The bacteria-containing expanded perlite particles P2.

[0141] Preferably, the specific operation steps of step S3 are as follows:

[0142] S31: Liquid L obtained by mixing metakaolin, sodium silicate solution and water;

[0143] S32: The liquid L is used to coat the outer surface of the bacteria-containing expanded perlite particles P2 to obtain bacteria-containing expanded perlite particles P21;

[0144] S33: Mix recycled coarse aggregate, sand and cement;

[0145] S34: Add the bacteria-containing expanded perlite particles P21 in the final stage of mixing, and after mixing, obtain microbial concrete H1.

[0146] Preferably, the preparation steps of the recycled coarse aggregate in step S33 are as follows:

[0147] S331: Mix the coarse aggregate raw material with the aerobic mixed bacteria to make the microorganisms evenly distributed on the coarse aggregate raw material;

[0148] S332: The mixed coarse aggregate raw material is soaked in a nutrient solution for mineralization, and the mineralization temperature is controlled at 25 degrees Celsius; the nutrient solution is an aqueous solution containing urea, phosphate, potassium chloride, iron, and zinc.

[0149] S333: Regenerated coarse aggregate is obtained after 3 days of mineralization.

[0150] This embodiment involves cultivating aerobic alkaliphilic mixed bacteria and mixing them with recycled coarse aggregate, then soaking them in a nutrient solution for mineralization treatment. This allows for pretreatment of the recycled coarse aggregate before it is mixed with cement to prepare concrete, repairing the voids and cracks in the recycled coarse aggregate itself, enhancing its physical and mechanical properties, and effectively immobilizing the mixed bacteria, making it a microbial carrier medium. After being mixed with cement to form concrete, it can self-repair cracks in weak bonding areas between the recycled aggregate and the cement paste matrix, while also improving the self-repair ability and efficiency when cracks appear on the concrete surface later.

[0151] Example 6

[0152] As attached Figure 1 To be continued Figure 4 As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a construction method for a roof waterproofing protective layer based on microbial concrete. The specific steps are as follows:

[0153] S1. Microbial culture: Mixed Bacillus bacteria are obtained by culturing in liquid culture medium, and aerobic mixed bacteria are obtained by culturing in culture solution; the mixed Bacillus bacteria are Bacillus spheroidae, Bacillus pasteurellii and Bacillus coli.

[0154] S2. Protective carrier encapsulation: Expanded perlite particles P1 are used as microbial carriers. The obtained mixed Bacillus and aerobic mixed bacteria are adsorbed on the surface and internal pores of expanded perlite particles P1 to obtain bacteria-containing expanded perlite particles P2.

[0155] S3. Concrete preparation: Recycled coarse aggregate, sand and cement are mixed to obtain microbial concrete H1;

[0156] S4. Concrete pouring: The obtained microbial concrete is poured onto the roof waterproofing layer to form a roof waterproofing protective layer;

[0157] S5. Concrete curing: Curing the formed roof waterproof protective layer, maintaining a moist environment, promoting the activity of microorganisms and the solidification of concrete.

[0158] Preferably, the aerobic mixed bacteria in step S1 include Bacteroides, Bacillus subtilis, and Ureaplasma, wherein, by volume percentage, Ureaplasma accounts for 18%, Bacteroides accounts for 20%, and Bacillus subtilis accounts for 35%.

[0159] Preferably, the aerobic mixed bacteria in step S1 include Bacillus Pasteurella multocida and alkalophiles, wherein, by volume percentage, Bacillus Pasteurella multocida accounts for 50% and alkalophiles account for 40%.

[0160] Preferably, the specific operation steps of step S2 are as follows:

[0161] S21: The expanded perlite particles P1 are obtained by adsorbing the bacterial solution of mixed Bacillus and aerobic mixed bacteria into the surface and internal pores of the expanded perlite particles P1 by vacuum impregnation at a pressure of -0.06MPa.

[0162] S22: Dry the expanded perlite particles P1 after adsorption at 42 degrees Celsius to constant weight;

[0163] S23: Spray yeast paste solution onto the surface of the expanded perlite particles P1;

[0164] S24: The expanded perlite particles P1 are dried again at 38–42 degrees Celsius to constant weight, yielding particles with a diameter of 5 mm and a bulk density of 80 kg / m³. 3 The bacteria-containing expanded perlite particles P2.

[0165] Preferably, the specific operation steps of step S3 are as follows:

[0166] S31: Liquid L obtained by mixing metakaolin, sodium silicate solution and water;

[0167] S32: The liquid L is used to coat the outer surface of the bacteria-containing expanded perlite particles P2 to obtain bacteria-containing expanded perlite particles P21;

[0168] S33: Mix recycled coarse aggregate, sand and cement;

[0169] S34: Add the bacteria-containing expanded perlite particles P21 in the final stage of mixing, and after mixing, obtain microbial concrete H1.

[0170] Preferably, the preparation steps of the recycled coarse aggregate in step S33 are as follows:

[0171] S331: Mix the coarse aggregate raw material with the aerobic mixed bacteria to make the microorganisms evenly distributed on the coarse aggregate raw material;

[0172] S332: The mixed coarse aggregate raw material is soaked in a nutrient solution for mineralization, and the mineralization temperature is controlled at 30 degrees Celsius; the nutrient solution is an aqueous solution containing urea, phosphate, potassium chloride, iron, and zinc.

[0173] S333: Regenerated coarse aggregate is obtained after a mineralization time of 5 days.

[0174] This embodiment involves cultivating aerobic alkaliphilic mixed bacteria and mixing them with recycled coarse aggregate, then soaking them in a nutrient solution for mineralization treatment. This allows for pretreatment of the recycled coarse aggregate before it is mixed with cement to prepare concrete, repairing the voids and cracks in the recycled coarse aggregate itself, enhancing its physical and mechanical properties, and effectively immobilizing the mixed bacteria, making it a microbial carrier medium. After being mixed with cement to form concrete, it can self-repair cracks in weak bonding areas between the recycled aggregate and the cement paste matrix, while also improving the self-repair ability and efficiency when cracks appear on the concrete surface later.

[0175] Example 7:

[0176] As attached Figure 1 To be continued Figure 6 This embodiment provides a method for constructing a roof waterproofing protective layer based on microbial concrete, with the following specific steps:

[0177] S1. Microbial culture: Mixed Bacillus bacteria are obtained by culturing in liquid culture medium, and aerobic mixed bacteria are obtained by culturing in culture solution; the mixed Bacillus bacteria are Bacillus spheroidae, Bacillus pasteurellii and Bacillus coli.

[0178] S2. Protective carrier encapsulation: Expanded perlite particles P1 are used as microbial carriers. The obtained mixed Bacillus and aerobic mixed bacteria are adsorbed on the surface and internal pores of expanded perlite particles P1 to obtain bacteria-containing expanded perlite particles P2.

[0179] S3. Concrete preparation: Recycled coarse aggregate, sand and cement are mixed to obtain microbial concrete H1;

[0180] S4. Concrete pouring: The obtained microbial concrete is poured onto the roof waterproofing layer to form a roof waterproofing protective layer;

[0181] S5. Concrete curing: Curing the formed roof waterproof protective layer, maintaining a moist environment, promoting the activity of microorganisms and the solidification of concrete.

[0182] Preferably, the aerobic mixed bacteria in step S1 include Bacteroides, Bacillus subtilis, and Ureaplasma, wherein, by volume percentage, Ureaplasma accounts for 15%, Bacteroides accounts for 16%, and Bacillus subtilis accounts for 32%.

[0183] Preferably, the specific operation steps of step S2 are as follows:

[0184] S21: The expanded perlite particles P1 are obtained by adsorbing the bacterial solution of mixed Bacillus and aerobic mixed bacteria into the surface and internal pores of the expanded perlite particles P1 by vacuum impregnation at a pressure of -0.06MPa.

[0185] S22: Dry the expanded perlite particles P1 after adsorption at 38-42 degrees Celsius to constant weight;

[0186] S23: Spray yeast paste solution onto the surface of the expanded perlite particles P1;

[0187] S24: The expanded perlite particles P1 are dried again at 38–42 degrees Celsius to constant weight, yielding particles with a diameter of 2 mm and a bulk density of 76 kg / m³. 3 The bacteria-containing expanded perlite particles P2.

[0188] Preferably, the specific operation steps of step S3 are as follows:

[0189] S31: Liquid L obtained by mixing metakaolin, sodium silicate solution and water;

[0190] S32: The liquid L is used to coat the outer surface of the bacteria-containing expanded perlite particles P2 to obtain bacteria-containing expanded perlite particles P21;

[0191] S33: Mix recycled coarse aggregate, sand and cement;

[0192] S34: Add the bacteria-containing expanded perlite particles P21 in the final stage of mixing, and after mixing, obtain microbial concrete H1.

[0193] Preferably, in step S2, the bacterial expanded perlite particles P2 and the hydrogel are mixed evenly in a ratio of 3:1, so that the hydrogel evenly coats the outside of the bacterial expanded perlite particles P2.

[0194] Preferably, the preparation steps of the recycled coarse aggregate in step S33 are as follows:

[0195] S331: Mix the coarse aggregate raw material with the aerobic mixed bacteria to make the microorganisms evenly distributed on the coarse aggregate raw material;

[0196] S332: The mixed coarse aggregate raw material is soaked in a nutrient solution for mineralization, and the mineralization temperature is controlled at 25 degrees Celsius; the nutrient solution is an aqueous solution containing urea, phosphate, potassium chloride, iron, and zinc.

[0197] S333: Regenerated coarse aggregate is obtained after 3 days of mineralization.

[0198] Preferably, in step S33, during the mixing of recycled coarse aggregate, sand, and cement, calcium lactate and a polymer emulsion are added, followed by a water-reducing agent and a water-retaining agent. The amount of water-reducing agent added is 0.5% of the cement weight, and the amount of water-retaining agent added is 1% of the cement weight. By using a high-efficiency water-reducing agent, the fluidity of the concrete can be improved and the amount of water used can be reduced. At the same time, the use of a water-retaining agent, such as a polymer additive, can improve the water retention of the concrete and promote the activity of microorganisms. The polymer emulsion is an aqueous polymer emulsion, specifically a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) emulsion, used to improve the toughness and adhesion of the concrete. The amount of calcium lactate added is 1% of the cement weight, and the proportion of the polymer emulsion added is 5% of the cement weight.

[0199] Preferably, in step S33, during the mixing of recycled coarse aggregate, sand, and cement, a mixture of calcium-precipitating bacteria, silicate bacteria, and urea is added, wherein the amount of urea added is 0.5% of the cement weight, the mixing temperature is 27 degrees Celsius, the mixing time is 3 minutes, and a low-shear mixing method is adopted to avoid over-mixing and microbial damage; the amount of calcium-precipitating bacteria and silicate bacteria added is 1% of the cement weight.

[0200] In this embodiment, a mixed microbial culture consisting of calcium-precipitating bacteria and silicate bacteria with urea as the nutrient matrix is ​​added during the concrete mixing process. Urea is used as a nitrogen source to promote the growth of microorganisms. Calcium-precipitating bacteria can promote calcium precipitation when cracks occur, and silicate bacteria can promote silicate precipitation when cracks occur, thereby enhancing the strength of concrete and improving the crack repair effect.

[0201] By coating the surface of bacteria-containing expanded perlite with hydrogel, a hydrogel with a polymer chain network, which has high water absorption and can retain a large amount of water or aqueous solution, the hydrogel can both protect microorganisms and act as a water-retaining agent, increase the amount of crack filling and reduce water permeability, enhance the living environment of microorganisms, provide moisture and nutrients for microorganisms, maintain the activity of microorganisms, and thus improve the crack repair effect.

[0202] This design is applied to roof waterproofing in building construction. Expanded perlite is used as a microbial carrier. Bacillus and aerobic mixed bacteria are incorporated into the concrete to form microbial concrete. The microbial concrete is then poured onto the roof waterproofing membrane to form a protective layer, thus completing the roof waterproofing construction. The aim is to enable rapid self-repair when cracks appear in the concrete and improve the aesthetics and strength of the repaired area.

[0203] Example 8

[0204] As attached Figure 1 To be continued Figure 6 This embodiment provides a method for constructing a roof waterproofing protective layer based on microbial concrete, with the following specific steps:

[0205] S1. Microbial culture: Mixed Bacillus bacteria are obtained by culturing in liquid culture medium, and aerobic mixed bacteria are obtained by culturing in culture solution; the mixed Bacillus bacteria are Bacillus spheroidae, Bacillus pasteurellii and Bacillus coli.

[0206] S2. Protective carrier encapsulation: Expanded perlite particles P1 are used as microbial carriers. The obtained mixed Bacillus and aerobic mixed bacteria are adsorbed on the surface and internal pores of expanded perlite particles P1 to obtain bacteria-containing expanded perlite particles P2.

[0207] S3. Concrete preparation: Recycled coarse aggregate, sand and cement are mixed to obtain microbial concrete H1;

[0208] S4. Concrete pouring: The obtained microbial concrete is poured onto the roof waterproofing layer to form a roof waterproofing protective layer;

[0209] S5. Concrete curing: Curing the formed roof waterproof protective layer, maintaining a moist environment, promoting the activity of microorganisms and the solidification of concrete.

[0210] Preferably, the aerobic mixed bacteria in step S1 include Bacteroides, Bacillus subtilis, and Ureaplasma, wherein, by volume percentage, Ureaplasma accounts for 18%, Bacteroides accounts for 20%, and Bacillus subtilis accounts for 35%.

[0211] Preferably, the specific operation steps of step S2 are as follows:

[0212] S21: The expanded perlite particles P1 are obtained by adsorbing the bacterial solution of mixed Bacillus and aerobic mixed bacteria into the surface and internal pores of the expanded perlite particles P1 by vacuum impregnation at a pressure of -0.06MPa.

[0213] S22: Dry the expanded perlite particles P1 after adsorption at 42 degrees Celsius to constant weight;

[0214] S23: Spray yeast paste solution onto the surface of the expanded perlite particles P1;

[0215] S24: The expanded perlite particles P1 are dried again at 42 degrees Celsius to constant weight, resulting in particles with a diameter of 5 mm and a bulk density of 80 kg / m³. 3 The bacteria-containing expanded perlite particles P2.

[0216] Preferably, the specific operation steps of step S3 are as follows:

[0217] S31: Liquid L obtained by mixing metakaolin, sodium silicate solution and water;

[0218] S32: The liquid L is used to coat the outer surface of the bacteria-containing expanded perlite particles P2 to obtain bacteria-containing expanded perlite particles P21;

[0219] S33: Mix recycled coarse aggregate, sand and cement;

[0220] S34: Add the bacteria-containing expanded perlite particles P21 in the final stage of mixing, and after mixing, obtain microbial concrete H1.

[0221] Preferably, in step S2, the bacterial expanded perlite particles P2 and the hydrogel are mixed evenly in a ratio of 3:1, so that the hydrogel evenly coats the outside of the bacterial expanded perlite particles P2.

[0222] Preferably, the preparation steps of the recycled coarse aggregate in step S33 are as follows:

[0223] S331: Mix the coarse aggregate raw material with the aerobic mixed bacteria to make the microorganisms evenly distributed on the coarse aggregate raw material;

[0224] S332: The mixed coarse aggregate raw material is soaked in a nutrient solution for mineralization, and the mineralization temperature is controlled at 30 degrees Celsius; the nutrient solution is an aqueous solution containing urea, phosphate, potassium chloride, iron, and zinc.

[0225] S333: Regenerated coarse aggregate is obtained after a mineralization time of 5 days.

[0226] Preferably, in step S33, during the mixing of recycled coarse aggregate, sand, and cement, calcium lactate and a polymer emulsion are added, followed by a water-reducing agent and a water-retaining agent. The amount of water-reducing agent added is 2% of the cement weight, and the amount of water-retaining agent added is 3% of the cement weight. By using a high-efficiency water-reducing agent, the fluidity of the concrete can be improved and the amount of water used can be reduced. At the same time, the use of a water-retaining agent, such as a polymer additive, can improve the water retention of the concrete and promote the activity of microorganisms. The polymer emulsion is an aqueous polymer emulsion, specifically a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) emulsion, used to improve the toughness and adhesion of the concrete. The amount of calcium lactate added is 3% of the cement weight, and the proportion of the polymer emulsion added is 15% of the cement weight.

[0227] Preferably, in step S33, during the mixing of recycled coarse aggregate, sand, and cement, a mixture of calcium-precipitating bacteria, silicate bacteria, and urea is added, wherein the amount of urea added is 2% of the cement weight, the mixing temperature is 30 degrees Celsius, the mixing time is 5 minutes, and a low-shear mixing method is adopted to avoid over-mixing and microbial damage; the amount of calcium-precipitating bacteria and silicate bacteria added is 5% of the cement weight.

[0228] In this embodiment, a mixed microbial culture consisting of calcium-precipitating bacteria and silicate bacteria with urea as the nutrient matrix is ​​added during the concrete mixing process. Urea is used as a nitrogen source to promote the growth of microorganisms. Calcium-precipitating bacteria can promote calcium precipitation when cracks occur, and silicate bacteria can promote silicate precipitation when cracks occur, thereby enhancing the strength of concrete and improving the crack repair effect.

[0229] By coating the surface of bacteria-containing expanded perlite with hydrogel, a hydrogel with a polymer chain network, which has high water absorption and can retain a large amount of water or aqueous solution, the hydrogel can both protect microorganisms and act as a water-retaining agent, increase the amount of crack filling and reduce water permeability, enhance the living environment of microorganisms, provide moisture and nutrients for microorganisms, maintain the activity of microorganisms, and thus improve the crack repair effect.

[0230] This design is applied to roof waterproofing in building construction. Expanded perlite is used as a microbial carrier. Bacillus and aerobic mixed bacteria are incorporated into the concrete to form microbial concrete. The microbial concrete is then poured onto the roof waterproofing membrane to form a protective layer, thus completing the roof waterproofing construction. The aim is to enable rapid self-repair when cracks appear in the concrete and improve the aesthetics and strength of the repaired area.

[0231] Example 9

[0232] As attached Figure 1 To be continued Figure 6 This embodiment provides a method for constructing a roof waterproofing protective layer based on microbial concrete, with the following specific steps:

[0233] S1. Microbial culture: Mixed Bacillus bacteria are obtained by culturing in liquid culture medium, and aerobic mixed bacteria are obtained by culturing in culture solution; the mixed Bacillus bacteria are Bacillus spheroidae, Bacillus pasteurellii and Bacillus coli.

[0234] S2. Protective carrier encapsulation: Expanded perlite particles P1 are used as microbial carriers. The obtained mixed Bacillus and aerobic mixed bacteria are adsorbed on the surface and internal pores of expanded perlite particles P1 to obtain bacteria-containing expanded perlite particles P2.

[0235] S3. Concrete preparation: Recycled coarse aggregate, sand and cement are mixed to obtain microbial concrete H1;

[0236] S4. Concrete pouring: The obtained microbial concrete is poured onto the roof waterproofing layer to form a roof waterproofing protective layer;

[0237] S5. Concrete curing: Curing the formed roof waterproof protective layer, maintaining a moist environment, promoting the activity of microorganisms and the solidification of concrete.

[0238] Preferably, the aerobic mixed bacteria in step S1 include Bacillus Pasteurella multocida and alkalophiles, wherein, by volume percentage, Bacillus Pasteurella multocida accounts for 30% and alkalophiles account for 20%.

[0239] Preferably, the specific operation steps of step S2 are as follows:

[0240] S21: The expanded perlite particles P1 are obtained by adsorbing the bacterial solution of mixed Bacillus and aerobic mixed bacteria into the surface and internal pores of the expanded perlite particles P1 by vacuum impregnation at a pressure of -0.06MPa.

[0241] S22: Dry the expanded perlite particles P1 after adsorption at 38 degrees Celsius to constant weight;

[0242] S23: Spray yeast paste solution onto the surface of the expanded perlite particles P1;

[0243] S24: The expanded perlite particles P1 are dried again at 38 degrees Celsius to constant weight, resulting in particles with a diameter of 2 mm and a bulk density of 76 kg / m³. 3 The bacteria-containing expanded perlite particles P2.

[0244] Preferably, the specific operation steps of step S3 are as follows:

[0245] S31: Liquid L obtained by mixing metakaolin, sodium silicate solution and water;

[0246] S32: The liquid L is used to coat the outer surface of the bacteria-containing expanded perlite particles P2 to obtain bacteria-containing expanded perlite particles P21;

[0247] S33: Mix recycled coarse aggregate, sand and cement;

[0248] S34: Add the bacteria-containing expanded perlite particles P21 in the final stage of mixing, and after mixing, obtain microbial concrete H1.

[0249] Preferably, in step S2, the bacterial expanded perlite particles P2 and the hydrogel are mixed evenly in a ratio of 3:1, so that the hydrogel evenly coats the outside of the bacterial expanded perlite particles P2.

[0250] Preferably, the preparation steps of the recycled coarse aggregate in step S33 are as follows:

[0251] S331: Mix the coarse aggregate raw material with the aerobic mixed bacteria to make the microorganisms evenly distributed on the coarse aggregate raw material;

[0252] S332: The mixed coarse aggregate raw material is soaked in a nutrient solution for mineralization, and the mineralization temperature is controlled at 25 degrees Celsius; the nutrient solution is an aqueous solution containing urea, phosphate, potassium chloride, iron, and zinc.

[0253] S333: Regenerated coarse aggregate is obtained after 3 days of mineralization.

[0254] Preferably, in step S33, during the mixing of recycled coarse aggregate, sand, and cement, calcium lactate and a polymer emulsion are added, followed by a water-reducing agent and a water-retaining agent. The amount of water-reducing agent added is 0.5% of the cement weight, and the amount of water-retaining agent added is 1% of the cement weight. By using a high-efficiency water-reducing agent, the fluidity of the concrete can be improved and the amount of water used can be reduced. At the same time, the use of a water-retaining agent, such as a polymer additive, can improve the water retention of the concrete and promote the activity of microorganisms. The polymer emulsion is an aqueous polymer emulsion, specifically a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) emulsion, used to improve the toughness and adhesion of the concrete. The amount of calcium lactate added is 1% of the cement weight, and the proportion of the polymer emulsion added is 5% of the cement weight.

[0255] Preferably, in step S33, during the mixing of recycled coarse aggregate, sand, and cement, a mixture of calcium-precipitating bacteria, silicate bacteria, and urea is added, wherein the amount of urea added is 0.5% of the cement weight, the mixing temperature is 28 degrees Celsius, the mixing time is 3 minutes, and a low-shear mixing method is adopted to avoid over-mixing and microbial damage; the amount of calcium-precipitating bacteria and silicate bacteria added is 5% of the cement weight.

[0256] In this embodiment, a mixed microbial culture consisting of calcium-precipitating bacteria and silicate bacteria with urea as the nutrient matrix is ​​added during the concrete mixing process. Urea is used as a nitrogen source to promote the growth of microorganisms. Calcium-precipitating bacteria can promote calcium precipitation when cracks occur, and silicate bacteria can promote silicate precipitation when cracks occur, thereby enhancing the strength of concrete and improving the crack repair effect.

[0257] By coating the surface of bacteria-containing expanded perlite with hydrogel, a hydrogel with a polymer chain network, which has high water absorption and can retain a large amount of water or aqueous solution, the hydrogel can both protect microorganisms and act as a water-retaining agent, increase the amount of crack filling and reduce water permeability, enhance the living environment of microorganisms, provide moisture and nutrients for microorganisms, maintain the activity of microorganisms, and thus improve the crack repair effect.

[0258] This design is applied to roof waterproofing in building construction. Expanded perlite is used as a microbial carrier. Bacillus and aerobic mixed bacteria are incorporated into the concrete to form microbial concrete. The microbial concrete is then poured onto the roof waterproofing membrane to form a protective layer, thus completing the roof waterproofing construction. The aim is to enable rapid self-repair when cracks appear in the concrete and improve the aesthetics and strength of the repaired area.

[0259] Example 10

[0260] As attached Figure 1 To be continued Figure 6 This embodiment provides a method for constructing a roof waterproofing protective layer based on microbial concrete, with the following specific steps:

[0261] S1. Microbial culture: Mixed Bacillus bacteria are obtained by culturing in liquid culture medium, and aerobic mixed bacteria are obtained by culturing in culture solution; the mixed Bacillus bacteria are Bacillus spheroidae, Bacillus pasteurellii and Bacillus coli.

[0262] S2. Protective carrier encapsulation: Expanded perlite particles P1 are used as microbial carriers. The obtained mixed Bacillus and aerobic mixed bacteria are adsorbed on the surface and internal pores of expanded perlite particles P1 to obtain bacteria-containing expanded perlite particles P2.

[0263] S3. Concrete preparation: Recycled coarse aggregate, sand and cement are mixed to obtain microbial concrete H1;

[0264] S4. Concrete pouring: The obtained microbial concrete is poured onto the roof waterproofing layer to form a roof waterproofing protective layer;

[0265] S5. Concrete curing: Curing the formed roof waterproof protective layer, maintaining a moist environment, promoting the activity of microorganisms and the solidification of concrete.

[0266] Preferably, the aerobic mixed bacteria in step S1 include Bacillus Pasteurella multocida and alkalophiles, wherein, by volume percentage, Bacillus Pasteurella multocida accounts for 50% and alkalophiles account for 40%.

[0267] Preferably, the specific operation steps of step S2 are as follows:

[0268] S21: The expanded perlite particles P1 are obtained by adsorbing the bacterial solution of mixed Bacillus and aerobic mixed bacteria into the surface and internal pores of the expanded perlite particles P1 by vacuum impregnation at a pressure of -0.06MPa.

[0269] S22: Dry the expanded perlite particles P1 after adsorption at 42 degrees Celsius to constant weight;

[0270] S23: Spray yeast paste solution onto the surface of the expanded perlite particles P1;

[0271] S24: The expanded perlite particles P1 are dried again at 42 degrees Celsius to constant weight, resulting in particles with a diameter of 5 mm and a bulk density of 80 kg / m³. 3 The bacteria-containing expanded perlite particles P2.

[0272] Preferably, the specific operation steps of step S3 are as follows:

[0273] S31: Liquid L obtained by mixing metakaolin, sodium silicate solution and water;

[0274] S32: The liquid L is used to coat the outer surface of the bacteria-containing expanded perlite particles P2 to obtain bacteria-containing expanded perlite particles P21;

[0275] S33: Mix recycled coarse aggregate, sand and cement;

[0276] S34: Add the bacteria-containing expanded perlite particles P21 in the final stage of mixing, and after mixing, obtain microbial concrete H1.

[0277] Preferably, in step S2, the bacterial expanded perlite particles P2 and the hydrogel are mixed evenly in a ratio of 3:1, so that the hydrogel evenly coats the outside of the bacterial expanded perlite particles P2.

[0278] Preferably, the preparation steps of the recycled coarse aggregate in step S33 are as follows:

[0279] S331: Mix the coarse aggregate raw material with the aerobic mixed bacteria to make the microorganisms evenly distributed on the coarse aggregate raw material;

[0280] S332: The mixed coarse aggregate raw material is soaked in a nutrient solution for mineralization, and the mineralization temperature is controlled at 30 degrees Celsius; the nutrient solution is an aqueous solution containing urea, phosphate, potassium chloride, iron, and zinc.

[0281] S333: Regenerated coarse aggregate is obtained after a mineralization time of 5 days.

[0282] Preferably, in step S33, during the mixing of recycled coarse aggregate, sand, and cement, calcium lactate and a polymer emulsion are added, followed by a water-reducing agent and a water-retaining agent. The amount of water-reducing agent added is 2% of the cement weight, and the amount of water-retaining agent added is 3% of the cement weight. By using a high-efficiency water-reducing agent, the fluidity of the concrete can be improved and the amount of water used can be reduced. At the same time, the use of a water-retaining agent, such as a polymer additive, can improve the water retention of the concrete and promote the activity of microorganisms. The polymer emulsion is an aqueous polymer emulsion, specifically a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) emulsion, used to improve the toughness and adhesion of the concrete. The amount of calcium lactate added is 3% of the cement weight, and the proportion of the polymer emulsion added is 15% of the cement weight.

[0283] Preferably, in step S33, during the mixing of recycled coarse aggregate, sand, and cement, a mixture of calcium-precipitating bacteria, silicate bacteria, and urea is added, wherein the amount of urea added is 2% of the cement weight, the mixing temperature is 30 degrees Celsius, the mixing time is 5 minutes, and a low-shear mixing method is adopted to avoid over-mixing and microbial damage; the amount of calcium-precipitating bacteria and silicate bacteria added is 1% of the cement weight.

[0284] In this embodiment, a mixed microbial culture consisting of calcium-precipitating bacteria and silicate bacteria with urea as the nutrient matrix is ​​added during the concrete mixing process. Urea is used as a nitrogen source to promote the growth of microorganisms. Calcium-precipitating bacteria can promote calcium precipitation when cracks occur, and silicate bacteria can promote silicate precipitation when cracks occur, thereby enhancing the strength of concrete and improving the crack repair effect.

[0285] By coating the surface of bacteria-containing expanded perlite with hydrogel, a hydrogel with a polymer chain network, which has high water absorption and can retain a large amount of water or aqueous solution, the hydrogel can both protect microorganisms and act as a water-retaining agent, increase the amount of crack filling and reduce water permeability, enhance the living environment of microorganisms, provide moisture and nutrients for microorganisms, maintain the activity of microorganisms, and thus improve the crack repair effect.

[0286] This design is applied to roof waterproofing in building construction. Expanded perlite is used as a microbial carrier. Bacillus and aerobic mixed bacteria are incorporated into the concrete to form microbial concrete. The microbial concrete is then poured onto the roof waterproofing membrane to form a protective layer, thus completing the roof waterproofing construction. The aim is to enable rapid self-repair when cracks appear in the concrete and improve the aesthetics and strength of the repaired area.

[0287] Example 11

[0288] As attached Figure 1 To be continued Figure 6 This embodiment provides a method for constructing a roof waterproofing protective layer based on microbial concrete, with the following specific steps:

[0289] S1. Microbial culture: Mixed Bacillus bacteria are obtained by culturing in liquid culture medium, and aerobic mixed bacteria are obtained by culturing in culture solution; the mixed Bacillus bacteria are Bacillus spheroidae, Bacillus pasteurellii and Bacillus coli.

[0290] S2. Protective carrier encapsulation: Expanded perlite particles P1 are used as microbial carriers. The obtained mixed Bacillus and aerobic mixed bacteria are adsorbed on the surface and internal pores of expanded perlite particles P1 to obtain bacteria-containing expanded perlite particles P2.

[0291] S3. Concrete preparation: Recycled coarse aggregate, sand and cement are mixed to obtain microbial concrete H1;

[0292] S4. Concrete pouring: The obtained microbial concrete is poured onto the roof waterproofing layer to form a roof waterproofing protective layer;

[0293] S5. Concrete curing: Curing the formed roof waterproof protective layer, maintaining a moist environment, promoting the activity of microorganisms and the solidification of concrete.

[0294] Preferably, the aerobic mixed bacteria in step S1 include Bacteroides, Bacillus subtilis, and Ureaplasma, wherein, by volume percentage, Ureaplasma accounts for 15%, Bacteroides accounts for 16%, and Bacillus subtilis accounts for 32%.

[0295] Preferably, the aerobic mixed bacteria in step S1 include Bacillus Pasteurella multocida and alkalophiles, wherein, by volume percentage, Bacillus Pasteurella multocida accounts for 30% and alkalophiles account for 20%.

[0296] Preferably, the specific operation steps of step S2 are as follows:

[0297] S21: The expanded perlite particles P1 are obtained by adsorbing the bacterial solution of mixed Bacillus and aerobic mixed bacteria into the surface and internal pores of the expanded perlite particles P1 by vacuum impregnation at a pressure of -0.06MPa.

[0298] S22: Dry the expanded perlite particles P1 after adsorption at 38 degrees Celsius to constant weight;

[0299] S23: Spray yeast paste solution onto the surface of the expanded perlite particles P1;

[0300] S24: The expanded perlite particles P1 are dried again at 38 degrees Celsius to constant weight, resulting in particles with a diameter of 2 mm and a bulk density of 76 kg / m³. 3 The bacteria-containing expanded perlite particles P2.

[0301] Preferably, the specific operation steps of step S3 are as follows:

[0302] S31: Liquid L obtained by mixing metakaolin, sodium silicate solution and water;

[0303] S32: The liquid L is used to coat the outer surface of the bacteria-containing expanded perlite particles P2 to obtain bacteria-containing expanded perlite particles P21;

[0304] S33: Mix recycled coarse aggregate, sand and cement;

[0305] S34: Add the bacteria-containing expanded perlite particles P21 in the final stage of mixing, and after mixing, obtain microbial concrete H1.

[0306] Preferably, in step S2, the bacterial expanded perlite particles P2 and the hydrogel are mixed evenly in a ratio of 3:1, so that the hydrogel evenly coats the outside of the bacterial expanded perlite particles P2.

[0307] Preferably, the preparation steps of the recycled coarse aggregate in step S33 are as follows:

[0308] S331: Mix the coarse aggregate raw material with the aerobic mixed bacteria to make the microorganisms evenly distributed on the coarse aggregate raw material;

[0309] S332: The mixed coarse aggregate raw material is soaked in a nutrient solution for mineralization, and the mineralization temperature is controlled at 25 degrees Celsius; the nutrient solution is an aqueous solution containing urea, phosphate, potassium chloride, iron, and zinc.

[0310] S333: Regenerated coarse aggregate is obtained after 3 days of mineralization.

[0311] Preferably, in step S33, during the mixing of recycled coarse aggregate, sand, and cement, calcium lactate and a polymer emulsion are added, followed by a water-reducing agent and a water-retaining agent. The amount of water-reducing agent added is 0.5% of the cement weight, and the amount of water-retaining agent added is 1% of the cement weight. By using a high-efficiency water-reducing agent, the fluidity of the concrete can be improved and the amount of water used can be reduced. At the same time, the use of a water-retaining agent, such as a polymer additive, can improve the water retention of the concrete and promote the activity of microorganisms. The polymer emulsion is an aqueous polymer emulsion, specifically a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) emulsion, used to improve the toughness and adhesion of the concrete. The amount of calcium lactate added is 1% of the cement weight, and the proportion of the polymer emulsion added is 5% of the cement weight.

[0312] Preferably, in step S33, during the mixing of recycled coarse aggregate, sand, and cement, a mixture of calcium-precipitating bacteria, silicate bacteria, and urea is added, wherein the amount of urea added is 0.5% of the cement weight, the mixing temperature is 26 degrees Celsius, the mixing time is 3 minutes, and a low-shear mixing method is adopted to avoid over-mixing and microbial damage; the amount of calcium-precipitating bacteria and silicate bacteria added is 1% of the cement weight.

[0313] In this embodiment, a mixed microbial culture consisting of calcium-precipitating bacteria and silicate bacteria with urea as the nutrient matrix is ​​added during the concrete mixing process. Urea is used as a nitrogen source to promote the growth of microorganisms. Calcium-precipitating bacteria can promote calcium precipitation when cracks occur, and silicate bacteria can promote silicate precipitation when cracks occur, thereby enhancing the strength of concrete and improving the crack repair effect.

[0314] By coating the surface of bacteria-containing expanded perlite with hydrogel, a hydrogel with a polymer chain network, which has high water absorption and can retain a large amount of water or aqueous solution, the hydrogel can both protect microorganisms and act as a water-retaining agent, increase the amount of crack filling and reduce water permeability, enhance the living environment of microorganisms, provide moisture and nutrients for microorganisms, maintain the activity of microorganisms, and thus improve the crack repair effect.

[0315] This design is applied to roof waterproofing in building construction. Expanded perlite is used as a microbial carrier. Bacillus and aerobic mixed bacteria are incorporated into the concrete to form microbial concrete. The microbial concrete is then poured onto the roof waterproofing membrane to form a protective layer, thus completing the roof waterproofing construction. The aim is to enable rapid self-repair when cracks appear in the concrete and improve the aesthetics and strength of the repaired area.

[0316] Example 12

[0317] As attached Figure 1 To be continued Figure 6 This embodiment provides a method for constructing a roof waterproofing protective layer based on microbial concrete, with the following specific steps:

[0318] S1. Microbial culture: Mixed Bacillus bacteria are obtained by culturing in liquid culture medium, and aerobic mixed bacteria are obtained by culturing in culture solution; the mixed Bacillus bacteria are Bacillus spheroidae, Bacillus pasteurellii and Bacillus coli.

[0319] S2. Protective carrier encapsulation: Expanded perlite particles P1 are used as microbial carriers. The obtained mixed Bacillus and aerobic mixed bacteria are adsorbed on the surface and internal pores of expanded perlite particles P1 to obtain bacteria-containing expanded perlite particles P2.

[0320] S3. Concrete preparation: Recycled coarse aggregate, sand and cement are mixed to obtain microbial concrete H1;

[0321] S4. Concrete pouring: The obtained microbial concrete is poured onto the roof waterproofing layer to form a roof waterproofing protective layer;

[0322] S5. Concrete curing: Curing the formed roof waterproof protective layer, maintaining a moist environment, promoting the activity of microorganisms and the solidification of concrete.

[0323] Preferably, the aerobic mixed bacteria in step S1 include Bacteroides, Bacillus subtilis, and Ureaplasma, wherein, by volume percentage, Ureaplasma accounts for 18%, Bacteroides accounts for 20%, and Bacillus subtilis accounts for 35%.

[0324] Preferably, the aerobic mixed bacteria in step S1 include Bacillus Pasteurella multocida and alkalophiles, wherein, by volume percentage, Bacillus Pasteurella multocida accounts for 50% and alkalophiles account for 40%.

[0325] Preferably, the specific operation steps of step S2 are as follows:

[0326] S21: The expanded perlite particles P1 are obtained by adsorbing the bacterial solution of mixed Bacillus and aerobic mixed bacteria into the surface and internal pores of the expanded perlite particles P1 by vacuum impregnation at a pressure of -0.06MPa.

[0327] S22: Dry the expanded perlite particles P1 after adsorption at 42 degrees Celsius to constant weight;

[0328] S23: Spray yeast paste solution onto the surface of the expanded perlite particles P1;

[0329] S24: The expanded perlite particles P1 are dried again at 42 degrees Celsius to constant weight, resulting in particles with a diameter of 5 mm and a bulk density of 80 kg / m³. 3 The bacteria-containing expanded perlite particles P2.

[0330] Preferably, the specific operation steps of step S3 are as follows:

[0331] S31: Liquid L obtained by mixing metakaolin, sodium silicate solution and water;

[0332] S32: The liquid L is used to coat the outer surface of the bacteria-containing expanded perlite particles P2 to obtain bacteria-containing expanded perlite particles P21;

[0333] S33: Mix recycled coarse aggregate, sand and cement;

[0334] S34: Add the bacteria-containing expanded perlite particles P21 in the final stage of mixing, and after mixing, obtain microbial concrete H1.

[0335] Preferably, in step S2, the bacterial expanded perlite particles P2 and the hydrogel are mixed evenly in a ratio of 3:1, so that the hydrogel evenly coats the outside of the bacterial expanded perlite particles P2.

[0336] Preferably, the preparation steps of the recycled coarse aggregate in step S33 are as follows:

[0337] S331: Mix the coarse aggregate raw material with the aerobic mixed bacteria to make the microorganisms evenly distributed on the coarse aggregate raw material;

[0338] S332: The mixed coarse aggregate raw material is soaked in a nutrient solution for mineralization, and the mineralization temperature is controlled at 30 degrees Celsius; the nutrient solution is an aqueous solution containing urea, phosphate, potassium chloride, iron, and zinc.

[0339] S333: Regenerated coarse aggregate is obtained after a mineralization time of 5 days.

[0340] Preferably, in step S33, during the mixing of recycled coarse aggregate, sand, and cement, calcium lactate and a polymer emulsion are added, followed by a water-reducing agent and a water-retaining agent. The amount of water-reducing agent added is 2% of the cement weight, and the amount of water-retaining agent added is 3% of the cement weight. By using a high-efficiency water-reducing agent, the fluidity of the concrete can be improved and the amount of water used can be reduced. At the same time, the use of a water-retaining agent, such as a polymer additive, can improve the water retention of the concrete and promote the activity of microorganisms. The polymer emulsion is an aqueous polymer emulsion, specifically a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) emulsion, used to improve the toughness and adhesion of the concrete. The amount of calcium lactate added is 3% of the cement weight, and the proportion of the polymer emulsion added is 15% of the cement weight.

[0341] Preferably, in step S33, during the mixing of recycled coarse aggregate, sand, and cement, a mixture of calcium-precipitating bacteria, silicate bacteria, and urea is added, wherein the amount of urea added is 2% of the cement weight, the mixing temperature is 30 degrees Celsius, the mixing time is 5 minutes, and a low-shear mixing method is adopted to avoid over-mixing and microbial damage; the amount of calcium-precipitating bacteria and silicate bacteria added is 5% of the cement weight.

[0342] In this embodiment, a mixed microbial culture consisting of calcium-precipitating bacteria and silicate bacteria with urea as the nutrient matrix is ​​added during the concrete mixing process. Urea is used as a nitrogen source to promote the growth of microorganisms. Calcium-precipitating bacteria can promote calcium precipitation when cracks occur, and silicate bacteria can promote silicate precipitation when cracks occur, thereby enhancing the strength of concrete and improving the crack repair effect.

[0343] By coating the surface of bacteria-containing expanded perlite with hydrogel, a hydrogel with a polymer chain network, which has high water absorption and can retain a large amount of water or aqueous solution, the hydrogel can both protect microorganisms and act as a water-retaining agent, increase the amount of crack filling and reduce water permeability, enhance the living environment of microorganisms, provide moisture and nutrients for microorganisms, maintain the activity of microorganisms, and thus improve the crack repair effect.

[0344] This design is applied to roof waterproofing in building construction. Expanded perlite is used as a microbial carrier. Bacillus and aerobic mixed bacteria are incorporated into the concrete to form microbial concrete. The microbial concrete is then poured onto the roof waterproofing membrane to form a protective layer, thus completing the roof waterproofing construction. The aim is to enable rapid self-repair when cracks appear in the concrete and improve the aesthetics and strength of the repaired area.

[0345] It is important to note that the constructions and arrangements of this application shown in several different exemplary embodiments are merely illustrative. Although only a few embodiments are described in detail in this disclosure, those who consult this disclosure will readily understand that many modifications are possible (e.g., changes in the size, dimensions, structure, shape, and proportions of various elements, as well as parameter values ​​(e.g., temperature, pressure, etc.), mounting arrangements, use of materials, color, orientation, etc.) without substantially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of the subject matter described in this application). For example, an element shown as integrally formed may be composed of multiple parts or elements, the position of elements may be inverted or otherwise altered, and the nature or number or position of discrete elements may be changed or altered. Therefore, all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the invention. The order or sequence of any process or method steps may be changed or rearranged according to alternative embodiments. In the claims, any "device plus function" clause is intended to cover the structure described herein that performs the function, and not only structurally equivalent but also equivalent in structure. Other substitutions, modifications, alterations, and omissions may be made in the design, operation, and arrangement of the exemplary embodiments without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments, but extends to various modifications that still fall within the scope of the appended claims.

[0346] Furthermore, in order to provide a concise description of exemplary embodiments, not all features of actual embodiments (i.e., those features that are not relevant to the best mode of carrying out the invention as currently considered, or those features that are not relevant to implementing the invention) may be omitted.

[0347] It should be understood that numerous specific implementation decisions can be made during the development of any practical implementation, such as in any engineering or design project. Such development efforts may be complex and time-consuming, but for those skilled in the art who benefit from this disclosure, the development effort will be a routine work of design, manufacturing, and production without requiring much experimentation.

[0348] The present invention and its embodiments have been described above illustratively. This description is not restrictive, and the figures shown are only one embodiment of the present invention; the actual structure is not limited thereto. Therefore, if those skilled in the art are inspired by this description and design similar structures and embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, such designs should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for constructing a roof waterproofing protective layer based on microbial concrete, characterized in that, The specific steps are as follows: S1. Microbial Culture: Mixed Bacillus bacteria are obtained by culturing in liquid culture medium, and aerobic mixed bacteria are obtained by culturing in culture medium; the mixed Bacillus bacteria are one or more of Bacillus spheroidae, Bacillus pasteurellii, and Bacillus coli; the aerobic mixed bacteria include Bacteroides spp., Bacillus subtilis, and urea cocci, wherein, by volume percentage, urea cocci account for 15%–18%, Bacteroides spp. account for 16%–20%, and Bacillus subtilis accounts for 32%–35%. S2. Protective carrier encapsulation: Expanded perlite particles P1 are used as microbial carriers. The obtained mixed Bacillus and aerobic mixed bacteria are adsorbed on the surface and internal pores of expanded perlite particles P1 to obtain bacteria-containing expanded perlite particles P2. S3. Concrete preparation: Recycled coarse aggregate, sand and cement are mixed to obtain microbial concrete H1; S4. Concrete pouring: The obtained microbial concrete is poured onto the roof waterproofing layer to form a roof waterproofing protective layer; S5. Concrete curing: Curing the formed roof waterproof protective layer, maintaining a moist environment, promoting the activity of microorganisms and the solidification of concrete.

2. The method for constructing a roof waterproofing protective layer based on microbial concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that, The aerobic mixed bacteria in step S1 include Bacillus Pasteurella multocida and alkalophiles, wherein, by volume percentage, Bacillus Pasteurella multocida accounts for 30% to 50% and alkalophiles account for 20% to 40%.

3. A method for constructing a roof waterproofing protective layer based on microbial concrete according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The specific steps of step S2 are as follows: S21: The expanded perlite particles P1 are obtained by adsorbing the bacterial solution of mixed Bacillus and aerobic mixed bacteria into the surface and internal pores of the expanded perlite particles P1 by vacuum impregnation at a pressure of -0.06MPa. S22: Dry the expanded perlite particles P1 after adsorption at 38-42 degrees Celsius to constant weight; S23: Spray yeast paste solution onto the surface of the expanded perlite particles P1; S24: The expanded perlite particles P1 are dried again at 38-42 degrees Celsius to constant weight to obtain the bacteria-containing expanded perlite particles P2 with a particle size of 2-5 mm and a bulk density of 76-80 kg / m³.

4. The method for constructing a roof waterproofing protective layer based on microbial concrete according to claim 3, characterized in that, The specific steps of step S3 are as follows: S31: Liquid L obtained by mixing metakaolin, sodium silicate solution and water; S32: The liquid L is used to coat the outer surface of the bacteria-containing expanded perlite particles P2 to obtain bacteria-containing expanded perlite particles P21; S33: Mix recycled coarse aggregate, sand and cement; S34: Add the bacteria-containing expanded perlite particles P21 in the final stage of mixing, and after mixing, obtain microbial concrete H1.

5. A method for constructing a roof waterproofing protective layer based on microbial concrete according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step S2, the bacterial expanded perlite particles P2 and hydrogel are mixed evenly in a ratio of 3:1, so that the hydrogel evenly coats the outside of the bacterial expanded perlite particles P2.

6. The method for constructing a roof waterproofing protective layer based on microbial concrete according to claim 5, characterized in that, The preparation steps of recycled coarse aggregate in step S33 are as follows: S331: Mix the coarse aggregate raw material with the aerobic mixed bacteria to make the microorganisms evenly distributed on the coarse aggregate raw material; S332: The mixed coarse aggregate raw material is soaked in a nutrient solution for mineralization, and the mineralization temperature is controlled at 25 degrees Celsius to 30 degrees Celsius. S333: Recycled coarse aggregate is obtained after a mineralization time of 3 to 5 days.

7. A method for constructing a roof waterproofing protective layer based on microbial concrete according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S33, during the mixing of recycled coarse aggregate, sand, and cement, calcium lactate and polymer emulsion are added, followed by water-reducing agent and water-retaining agent. The amount of water-reducing agent added is 0.5% to 2% of the cement weight, and the amount of water-retaining agent added is 1% to 3% of the cement weight.

8. A method for constructing a roof waterproofing protective layer based on microbial concrete according to claim 7, characterized in that, In step S33, during the mixing of recycled coarse aggregate, sand, and cement, a mixture of calcium precipitation bacteria, silicate bacteria, and urea is added. The amount of urea added is 0.5% to 2% of the cement dosage. The temperature during the mixing process does not exceed 30 degrees Celsius, the mixing time is 3 to 5 minutes, and a low-shear mixing method is adopted.

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