Laser Synthesis System and Method Combining Polarization and Spectrum

Abstract

This application provides a laser beam combining polarization and spectral characteristics system and method, belonging to the field of laser beam combining. The system includes, in sequence, a laser seed source, an optical fiber beam splitter module, a phase control module, an optical fiber output module, a two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combiner module, and a dispersive element. The two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combiner module has a spatial three-dimensional structure. There are m laser seed sources arranged side-by-side, each corresponding to one optical fiber beam splitter module. The laser emitted by each seed source is split into two beams by the optical fiber beam splitter module. n Sub-beams of the same wavelength and parallel to each other, 2 n The beams correspond to 2 respectively n One phase control module, 2 n One fiber optic output module and the same two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combiner module; 2 n A high-power laser is obtained by coherently combining multiple laser beams into a single laser beam, and by combining the spectra of m laser beams with different wavelengths. This application utilizes an integrated beam combining system to synthesize a high-power laser.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of laser beam combining technology, and more specifically to a laser beam combining polarization and spectrum system and method. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, an effective way to increase laser output power is to superimpose the power of multiple fiber lasers using beam combining elements to obtain a high-power combined beam. Polarization coherent combining and spectral combining are effective methods for constructing high-power, high-brightness laser sources. Polarization coherent combining mainly utilizes the phase characteristics of lasers to coherently combine multiple lasers of the same wavelength. Spectral combining mainly utilizes the spectral characteristics of lasers to spectrally combine multiple lasers of different wavelengths. Combining these two methods for composite beam combining will further enhance the output power of the combined beam.

[0003] In polarization coherent combining, two laser beams first pass through a polarization combiner to achieve primary polarization combining, which then serves as the sub-beam for secondary polarization combining. This process is repeated with another polarization combiner until a single laser output is achieved. Currently, polarization coherent combining does not restrict the incident angle of the beams incident on the polarization combiner, and the polarization combiner is a planar structure (i.e., a one-dimensional element). As the number of optical paths increases, to achieve polarization coherent combining, the plane of the planar polarization combiner must extend infinitely, occupying a huge amount of space. This undoubtedly limits the combining of high-power lasers. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the technical problems existing in the background art, this application provides a laser synthesis system and method that combines polarization and spectrum, aiming to solve the technical problems of large space occupation of planar polarization coherent elements and limitation of high-power laser synthesis.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a laser combining polarization and spectral characteristics system, comprising a laser seed source, an optical fiber beam splitter module, a phase control module, an optical fiber output module, a two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combiner module, and a dispersive element, all connected in sequence. The two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combiner module has a spatial three-dimensional structure. The number of laser seed sources is m, arranged side-by-side, with each seed source corresponding to one optical fiber beam splitter module. The laser emitted by each seed source is split into two beams by the optical fiber beam splitter module. n Sub-beams of the same wavelength and parallel to each other, 2 n Sub-beams of the same wavelength correspond to 2 n The phase control module, 2 n The fiber optic output module and the same two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combiner module; 2 nThe fiber optic output module outputs 2 n The individual beams are coherently combined into a single laser beam by the two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combining module. The m laser beams of different wavelengths output by the m two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combining modules are spectrally combined by the dispersive element to obtain a high-power laser.

[0006] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combining module is set as a spatial three-dimensional structure. At the same time, by strictly controlling the direction of the beam incident on the two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combining module, the synthesis of high-power laser is achieved with a small space occupation.

[0007] In some embodiments, n is an integer greater than or equal to 2.

[0008] In this embodiment, by controlling the range of n, the number of coherent beams incident on the two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combiner is controlled, and in conjunction with the specific spatial structure of the two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combiner, the coherent combination of multiple beams is achieved.

[0009] In some embodiments, the two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combiner module consists of 2 n -1 beam combining components with polarization beam combining function are spatially stacked;

[0010] When n=2, the two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combining module includes 3 beam combining components, which are stacked in an L-shape; the sub-beams entering the two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combining module are arranged in a 2×2 structure, and the 2×2 sub-beams are incident parallel to the same plane of the L-shape.

[0011] When n≥3, the structure of the two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combiner module is flipped with the two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combiner module corresponding to n-1 as the structural unit to obtain a mirror symmetric structure, and an additional beam combiner component is added.

[0012] In this embodiment, the two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combining module is configured into a corresponding spatial structure according to the specific number of beams incident on the two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combining module, and the arrangement and incident angle of the beams incident on the two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combining module are strictly controlled. The coherent combination of multiple beams is realized through the two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combining module with a compact spatial structure.

[0013] In some embodiments, the beam combiner is an integrated assembly of a half-wave plate, a polarization beam combiner element, and a mirror.

[0014] In this embodiment, by setting the beam combining component as an integrated body formed by a half-wave plate, a polarization beam combining element and a reflector, the beam combining component is integrated, thereby making the two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combining module more compact. On the other hand, the incident angle of the incident light incident on the two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combining module can be controlled more conveniently.

[0015] In some embodiments, when n=2, two of the three bundle components are stacked vertically, and the third is placed vertically to form an L-shaped structure.

[0016] In this embodiment, by arranging the three beam combining components in a specific manner, the structure of the two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combining module is made more orderly and integrated; thereby, the two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combining module corresponding to n≥3 is more integrated.

[0017] In some embodiments, the polarization beam combiner is a polarization beam combiner prism or a birefringent crystal; the reflector is a 45° reflector; the rotation angle θ of the half-wave plate and the powers P1 and P2 of the two sub-beams incident on the corresponding beam combiner assembly satisfy tanθ = P1 / P2.

[0018] In some embodiments, an optical fiber amplifier is provided between the phase control module and the optical fiber output module, m×2 n Each optical path of the beam contains one of the aforementioned fiber amplifiers.

[0019] In this embodiment, by setting up an optical fiber amplifier, the efficiency is increased by 2. n The power of the beam is increased, thereby increasing the power of the final laser.

[0020] In some embodiments, the phase control module includes a phase controller and an FPGA phase control platform.

[0021] In some embodiments, the fiber optic output module is an output cap.

[0022] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a laser synthesis method combining polarization and spectral characteristics. Using the aforementioned laser synthesis system combining polarization and spectral characteristics, the lasers output from m laser seed sources are respectively processed by m fiber beam splitting modules. Each fiber beam splitting module divides the input laser into 2... n Sub-beams of the same wavelength, 2 n Sub-beams of the same wavelength are output through the corresponding phase control module and the fiber output module, and coherently combined into a single laser beam by the two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combining module. The m laser beams of different wavelengths output by the m two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combining modules are spectrally combined by the dispersive element to obtain a high-power laser.

[0023] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, high-power beam synthesis is achieved by utilizing a more integrated laser synthesis system that combines polarization and spectral analysis.

[0024] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of this application and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this application more obvious and understandable, the following are specific embodiments of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of this application, the accompanying drawings used in this application will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without any creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the laser synthesis system combining polarization and spectral characteristics in an embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 2 a is an exploded view of the two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combiner module when n=2 in the embodiments of this application; Figure 2 b is a schematic diagram of the structure of the two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combiner module when n=2 in the embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 3 a is a diagram of the beam arrangement incident on the two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combiner module when n=2 in the embodiment of this application; Figure 3 b is a schematic diagram of the optical path structure of the incident and output two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combiner module when n=2 in the embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 4 a is Figure 3 A top view of the optical paths of neutron beam 1-1 and sub-beam 1-2 in the beam combiner assembly; Figure 4 b is Figure 3 A top view of the optical paths of neutron beam 2-1 and sub-beam 2-2 in the beam combiner assembly; Figure 4 c is Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of the optical path in a beam combiner assembly placed vertically in section a; Figure 4 d is Figure 3 A three-dimensional diagram of the optical path of the two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combiner module in Figure a;

[0030] Figure 5 a is an exploded view of the two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combining module when n=3 in the embodiments of this application; Figure 5 b is a schematic diagram of the structure of the two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combining module when n=3 in the embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 6 a is an exploded view of the two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combining module when n=4 in the embodiments of this application; Figure 6b is a schematic diagram of the structure of the two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combining module when n=4 in the embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the laser synthesis system combining polarization and spectrum when m=2 and n=4 in the embodiments of this application.

[0033] Figure labeling: 1000 - Laser combining polarization and spectrum; 1 - Laser seed source; 2 - Fiber beam splitter module; 3 - Phase control module; 4 - Fiber amplifier; 5 - Fiber output module; 6 - Two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combining module; 7 - Dispersion element; 61 - Beam combining assembly; 62 - Half-wave plate; 63 - Polarization beam combining element; 64 - Mirror. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The embodiments of the technical solution of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application and are therefore merely examples, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0035] In the following description, specific details such as particular system architectures and techniques are set forth for illustrative purposes and not for limitation, in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of this application. However, those skilled in the art will understand that this application may also be implemented in other embodiments without these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, apparatuses, circuits, and methods have been omitted so as not to obscure the description of this application with unnecessary detail.

[0036] In this document, the term "comprising" indicates the presence of a described feature, integral, step, operation, element, and / or component, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or collections thereof. The terms "comprising," "including," "having," and variations thereof all mean "including but not limited to," with exclusions being otherwise specifically emphasized. Hereinafter, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying one or more of the feature. In the description of embodiments of this application, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0037] In this text, the term "and / or" simply describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, or B alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this text generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0038] Improving laser power has always been a major concern. One of the reasons limiting the synthesis of high-power lasers is the large area occupied by existing planar polarization coherent elements. Therefore, it is particularly important to find a way to synthesize high-power lasers through an integrated system.

[0039] To address the technical challenges of large space requirements and limitations on high-power laser combining spectral and polarization-based coherent elements, this application provides a laser combining system and method that integrates polarization and spectral analysis. By arranging a two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combiner module into a neat and integrated spatial three-dimensional structure, and by strictly controlling the direction of the beam incident on the module, a volumetrically arranged polarization coherent beam combiner is obtained through the synergistic effect of the beam arrangement, beam incident direction, and the specific structure of the two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combiner module. This combined beam is then used as a sub-beam for spectral combining. By effectively combining polarization coherent combining and spectral combining, high-power laser combining is achieved. This application has significant practical value in improving the number of beam combining paths, power, and stability, as well as enhancing system integration and miniaturization.

[0040] For ease of explanation, the following embodiments will be described using a laser synthesis system 1000 that combines polarization and spectral characteristics according to an embodiment of this application.

[0041] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a laser combining polarization and spectral characteristics system 1000 provided in some embodiments of this application. The laser combining polarization and spectral characteristics system 1000 includes, in sequence, a laser seed source 1, an optical fiber beam splitter module 2, a phase control module 3, an optical fiber output module 5, a two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combiner module 6, and a dispersive element 7; the two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combiner module 6 has a spatial three-dimensional structure; the number of laser seed sources 1 is m, arranged side-by-side, each laser seed source corresponds to one optical fiber beam splitter module 2, and the laser emitted by each laser seed source 1 is split into two beams by the optical fiber beam splitter module 2. n Sub-beams of the same wavelength and parallel to each other, 2 n Sub-beams of the same wavelength correspond to 2 n Phase control modules 3 and 2 n 5 is an optical fiber output module and 6 is a two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combiner module; 2 n The fiber optic output module 5 outputs 2 n The individual beams are coherently combined into a single laser beam by the two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combining module 6. The m laser beams of different wavelengths output by the m two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combining modules 6 are spectrally combined by the dispersive element 7 to obtain a high-power laser.

[0042] Furthermore, in this embodiment, n is an integer greater than or equal to 2. In this embodiment, by controlling the range of n, the number of coherent beams incident on the two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combiner module 6 is controlled, and in conjunction with the specific spatial structure of the two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combiner module 6, coherent combining of multiple beams is achieved.

[0043] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the structure of the two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combiner module 6 is matched with the value of n. The two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combiner module 6 consists of 2 n - One beam combining component 61 with polarization beam combining function is spatially stacked. Specifically, when n=2, please refer to... Figure 2 The two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combiner module includes three beam combiner components 61, which are stacked in an L-shape. Specifically, two of the beam combiner components 61 are stacked vertically, and the third is placed vertically, forming an L-shaped structure. The two vertically stacked beam combiner components 61 are placed horizontally, and the third beam combiner component 61 is placed vertically. Please refer to... Figure 3 At this point, the sub-beams entering the two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combiner module 6 are arranged in a 2×2 structure. The 2×2 sub-beams (denoted as sub-beam 1-1, sub-beam 1-2, sub-beam 2-1, and sub-beam 2-2) are incident parallel to each other onto the same plane of the L-shape, with an incident angle of 90°. In this embodiment, by arranging the three beam combiner components 61 in a specific manner, a structurally neat and integrated L-shaped two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combiner module 6 is formed. At the same time, the incident angle of the 2×2 sub-beams on the two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combiner module 6 is controlled so that they are coherently combined and output in the two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combiner module 6. Then, the spectrum is combined by the dispersive element 7 to finally obtain a high-power laser.

[0044] Furthermore, in the embodiments of this application, please refer to Figure 4 a and Figure 4 c. The beam combiner 61 is an integrated assembly formed by a half-wave plate 62, a polarization beam combiner 63, and a reflector 64. In this embodiment, by setting the beam combiner 61 as an integrated assembly of a half-wave plate 62, a polarization beam combiner 63, and a reflector 64, the beam combiner 61 is integrated, thereby making the structure of the two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combiner module 6 more orderly and integrated. On the other hand, the incident angle of the incident light incident into the two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combiner module 6 can be controlled more conveniently, so that under the synergistic effect of the beam arrangement, the beam incident direction, and the specific structure of the two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combiner module, coherent light synthesis can be achieved, thereby realizing the synthesis of high-power laser.

[0045] The polarization combining element 63 is a polarization combining prism or a birefringent crystal; the reflector 64 is a 45° reflector, the rotation angle θ of the half-wave plate 62 and the powers P1 and P2 of the two sub-beams incident on the corresponding combining component 61 satisfy tanθ=P1 / P2, the power of the sub-beam after passing through the reflector 64 is P2, and the power of the sub-beam is adjusted by the fiber amplifier 4.

[0046] When n=2, please refer to the optical path of the four coherent beams in the two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combining module 6. Figure 4 As shown, the half-wave plate 62 in this embodiment is a 45° half-wave plate. Sub-beams 1-1 and 1-2 are coherently combined into a first-order sub-beam 1-0 in the horizontally positioned, upper beam combining assembly 61 (sub-beam 1-1 is reflected by the 45° mirror 64 and reaches the polarization combining prism; the transmitted light of sub-beam 1-2 and the reflected light of sub-beam 1-1 are combined in the polarization combining prism and achieve common aperture output). Sub-beams 2-1 and 2-2 are coherently combined into a first-order sub-beam 2-0 in the horizontally positioned, lower beam combining assembly 61 (optical path principle is the same as above). The first-order sub-beams 1-0 and 2-0 are coherently combined into a second-order sub-beam (i.e., a single laser) through the vertically positioned beam combining assembly 61 and output from the two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combining module 6 (optical path principle is the same as above), and then enter the dispersive element 7 for spectral synthesis.

[0047] Further, in this embodiment, when n≥3, the structure of the two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combiner module 6 is flipped with the two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combiner module 6 corresponding to n-1 as the structural unit to obtain a mirror-symmetric structure, and a beam combiner component 61 is added. In this embodiment, according to the specific number of beams incident on the two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combiner module 6, the two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combiner module 6 is set into a corresponding spatial structure, and the arrangement and incident angle of the beams incident on the two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combiner module 6 are strictly controlled, so as to achieve coherent combining of multiple beams through the two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combiner module with a compact spatial structure. When n=3, the structure of the two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combiner module 6 is as follows: Figure 5 That is, the L-shaped two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combiner module 6 (n=2) is used as the structural unit and horizontally flipped to obtain a mirror-symmetric structure. A beam combiner component 61 is added along the optical path direction. This beam combiner component 61 is horizontally placed and... Figure 2The beam combining components 61, placed horizontally in the middle and above, are located on the same horizontal plane. At this time, the arrangement of the beams entering the two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combining module 6, the beam incident angle, and the optical path are also flipped and symmetrically processed accordingly. It is worth noting that in another embodiment, when n=3, the structure of the two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combining module 6 is vertically flipped using the L-shaped two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combining module 6 (n=2) as the structural unit, resulting in a mirror-symmetrical structure. An additional beam combining component 61 is added along the optical path forward direction. The resulting structure of the two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combining module 6 is... Figure 5 The structure of b is flipped 90°.

[0048] When n=4, the structure of the two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combiner module 6 is referenced. Figure 6 Specifically, the L-shaped two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combiner module 6 (n=3) is used as the structural unit and vertically flipped to obtain a mirror-symmetric structure. A beam combiner component 61 is added along the optical path, and this component 61 is placed vertically (the specific placement direction and position of the beam combiner component 61 vary according to the incident position of the previous sub-beam). At this time, the arrangement of the beams entering the two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combiner module 6, the beam incident angle, and the optical path are also flipped and symmetrically processed accordingly. It is worth noting that in another embodiment, when n=4, the structure of the two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combiner module 6 is horizontally flipped using the two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combiner module 6 (n=3) as the structural unit to obtain a mirror-symmetric structure, and a beam combiner component 61 is added along the optical path.

[0049] As n increases, the structure of the corresponding two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combiner module 6 follows the same pattern, and will not be described in detail here.

[0050] As can be seen, this application employs a two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combiner module 6 with a spatial three-dimensional structure. This allows the sub-beams incident on the two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combiner module 6 to be arranged in a volumetric manner and undergo volumetric polarization combining. Simultaneously, m laser beams of different wavelengths are arranged in a volumetric manner and undergo volumetric spectral combining. Compared with traditional planar arrangement polarization combining, this greatly improves the scalability of the number of laser paths, maintaining the system's miniaturization and compactness while achieving high-power laser output. This application uses a modular two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combiner module 6 for polarization coherent combining, which reduces the difficulty and time of optical path construction, and also improves the stability of the light source through the modular structure.

[0051] Furthermore, in this embodiment, an optical fiber amplifier 4, m×2, is provided between the phase control module 3 and the optical fiber output module 5. n Each optical path of the beam contains an optical fiber amplifier 4. In this embodiment, the optical fiber amplifier 4 is used to amplify the optical fibers of the two beams. n The beam is amplified to increase the power of each sub-beam, thereby increasing the power of the final laser.

[0052] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the phase control module 3 includes a phase controller and an FPGA phase control platform. In some embodiments, a beam splitter (not shown in the figure) is provided between the two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combiner module 6 and the dispersive element 7. A small portion of the light is reflected by the beam splitter to the phase control module 3 and received by the phase control module 3 as a feedback signal; most of the light is transmitted along the main optical path.

[0053] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the optical fiber output module 5 is an output cap.

[0054] Furthermore, in the embodiments of this application, please refer to Figure 7 A laser combining polarization and spectral characteristics is provided. This laser combining system 1000 includes, in sequence, a laser seed source 1, an optical fiber beam splitter module 2, a phase control module 3, an optical fiber amplifier 4, an optical fiber output module 5, a two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combiner module 6, and a dispersive element 7. The two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combiner module 6 has a spatial three-dimensional structure. There are two laser seed sources 1 arranged side-by-side, with wavelengths of 1064 nm and 1066 nm, respectively. Each laser seed source corresponds to one optical fiber beam splitter module 2. The laser emitted from each laser seed source 1 is split into four (n=2, the two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combiner module 6 has an L-shaped structure) parallel sub-beams of the same wavelength. These four sub-beams correspond to four phase control modules 3, four optical fiber amplifiers 4, four optical fiber output modules 5, and the same two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combiner module 6. The lasers output from the two laser seed sources 1 are split into four parallel sub-beams of the same wavelength by the two optical fiber beam splitter modules 2. Four long sub-beams of the same wavelength are phase-synchronized by their respective phase control modules 3 to obtain four coherent beams. These four coherent beams are amplified to equal power by four fiber amplifiers 4 and output from four corresponding fiber output modules 5. They are then coherently combined into a single laser beam by the same two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combining module 6. Two laser beams of different wavelengths (λ1 and λ2) output from two two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combining modules 6 converge simultaneously onto the dispersive element 7 at different incident angles. After spectral combining by the dispersive element 7, a high-power laser is obtained. In this embodiment, the polarization beam combining element 63 is a polarization beam combining prism; the reflector 64 is a 45° reflector; and the half-wave plate 62 is a 45° half-wave plate.

[0055] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a laser synthesis method combining polarization and spectral characteristics. Using the aforementioned laser synthesis system combining polarization and spectral characteristics, the lasers output from m laser seed sources 1 are respectively processed by m fiber beam splitting modules 2. Each fiber beam splitting module 2 splits the input laser into 2... n Sub-beams of the same wavelength, 2 nSub-beams of the same wavelength are output through the corresponding phase control module 3 and fiber output module 5, and coherently combined into the same laser beam by the same two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combining module 6. The m laser beams of different wavelengths output by the m two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combining modules 6 are simultaneously converged onto the dispersive element 7 at different incident angles. After spectral synthesis by the dispersive element 7, a high-power laser is obtained.

[0056] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, under the synergistic effect of the beam arrangement, beam incident direction and specific structure of the two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combining module, a more integrated laser combining system combining polarization and spectrum is used to achieve the synthesis of high-power beams.

[0057] It should be noted that this application is not limited to the above-described embodiments. The above embodiments are merely examples, and any embodiments with the same structure and effect as the technical concept within the scope of this application are included in the technical scope of this application. Furthermore, various modifications that can be conceived by those skilled in the art to the embodiments, and other ways of constructing by combining some of the constituent elements of the embodiments, without departing from the spirit of this application, are also included in the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A laser synthesis system combining polarization and spectral characteristics, characterized in that, The system comprises, in sequence, a laser seed source, an optical fiber beam splitter module, a phase control module, an optical fiber output module, a two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combiner module, and a dispersive element; the two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combiner module has a spatial three-dimensional structure; the number of laser seed sources is m, arranged side by side, each laser seed source corresponds to one optical fiber beam splitter module, and the laser emitted by each laser seed source is split into two beams by the optical fiber beam splitter module. n Sub-beams of the same wavelength and parallel to each other, 2 n Sub-beams of the same wavelength correspond to 2 n The phase control module, 2 n The fiber optic output module and the same two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combiner module; 2 n The fiber optic output module outputs 2 n The individual beams are coherently combined into a single laser beam by the two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combining module. The m laser beams of different wavelengths output by the m two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combining modules are spectrally combined by the dispersive element to obtain a high-power laser; n is an integer greater than or equal to 2. The two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combining module consists of 2 n -1 beam combining components with polarization beam combining function are spatially stacked; When n=2, the two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combining module includes 3 beam combining components, which are stacked in an L-shape; the sub-beams entering the two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combining module are arranged in a 2×2 structure, and the 2×2 sub-beams are incident parallel to the same plane of the L-shape. When n≥3, the structure of the two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combiner module is flipped with the two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combiner module corresponding to n-1 as the structural unit to obtain a mirror symmetric structure, and an additional beam combiner component is added.

2. The laser synthesis system combining polarization and spectral analysis according to claim 1, characterized in that, The beam combiner is an integrated assembly of a half-wave plate, a polarization beam combiner element, and a reflector.

3. The laser synthesis system combining polarization and spectral analysis according to claim 1, characterized in that, When n=2, two of the three bundle components are stacked vertically, and the other is placed vertically to form an L-shaped structure.

4. The laser synthesis system combining polarization and spectral analysis according to claim 2, characterized in that, The polarization beam combiner is a polarization beam combiner prism or a birefringent crystal; the reflector is a 45° reflector; the rotation angle θ of the half-wave plate and the powers P1 and P2 of the two sub-beams incident on the corresponding beam combiner assembly satisfy tanθ = P1 / P2.

5. The laser synthesis system combining polarization and spectral analysis according to claim 1, characterized in that, An optical fiber amplifier, m×2, is provided between the phase control module and the optical fiber output module. n Each optical path of the beam contains one of the aforementioned fiber amplifiers.

6. The laser synthesis system combining polarization and spectral analysis according to claim 1, characterized in that, The phase control module includes a phase controller and an FPGA phase control platform.

7. The laser synthesis system combining polarization and spectral analysis according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fiber optic output module is an output cap.

8. A laser synthesis method combining polarization and spectral analysis, characterized in that, The laser synthesis system employing the polarization and spectral combination as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the lasers output from m laser seed sources are respectively passed through m fiber beam splitting modules, and each fiber beam splitting module splits the input laser into 2... n Sub-beams of the same wavelength, 2 n Sub-beams of the same wavelength are output through the corresponding phase control module and the fiber output module, and coherently combined into a single laser beam by the two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combining module. The m laser beams of different wavelengths output by the m two-dimensional polarization coherent beam combining modules are spectrally combined by the dispersive element to obtain a high-power laser.

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