Egg breeding chicken comfort evaluation method based on effective temperature model and application of egg breeding chicken comfort evaluation method

Abstract

The invention discloses an egg breeding chicken comfort evaluation method based on an effective temperature model and application thereof, and the method comprises the following steps: firstly, selecting an egg breeding chicken needing to be evaluated, carrying out different environment humiture and wind speed thermal exposure on the egg breeding chicken by using an environment control cabin, observing the environment temperature when the egg breeding chicken is 50% crowded and piled, and calculating the comfort of the egg breeding chicken; the invention relates to the technical field of livestock and poultry breeding environment regulation and control. According to the egg breeding hen comfort evaluation method based on the effective temperature model and the application thereof, when the method is applied, an egg breeding hen house needs to be further divided into 18 small environment grids, environment sensors are arranged at the corresponding 18 small grids, the environment temperature, humidity and wind speed are obtained in real time, data are transmitted to an environment controller, and the environment controller is connected with the egg breeding hen house. ET real-time in each grid is displayed on a display interface of the environment controller, so that the problem of uneven environment in the henhouse caused by abnormal airflow can be found in time, and a comprehensive evaluation method is provided for effective early warning of cold and heat stress of the egg breeding hens.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of livestock and poultry breeding environment regulation and control, and in particular to a layer breeder chicken comfort evaluation method based on an effective temperature model and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Thermal comfort is an index of how people or animals feel about the degree of heat or cold in their environment. It is the result of the combined effects of multiple factors such as temperature, humidity, wind speed, and radiation in the environment. Research on thermal comfort has a history of more than 100 years, and more than 100 evaluation models have been proposed. The names of these models are mainly: temperature and humidity index, isothermal index, effective temperature, wind cooling index, etc., among which there are single-parameter indexes, dual-parameter indexes, or multi-parameter indexes. As early as 1923, foreign researchers proposed an effective temperature index and gave an effective temperature calculation model to study the impact of humidity on human comfort in air-conditioned buildings. As time goes by and measuring instruments and computing tools become more and more advanced, the effective temperature model has gradually been applied to the thermal comfort evaluation of different animals in addition to evaluating human comfort, and the evaluation accuracy has become more and more accurate.

[0003] In existing large-scale intensive chicken houses, people generally use a single parameter indicator of air temperature or a temperature and humidity dual parameter indicator temperature and humidity index model to warn of the thermal comfort of chickens. Since the wind speed indicator is not taken into account, the indoor environmental control is not accurate, and chickens in dead wind areas are very likely to suffer from heat stress or even die. Although the above indicators are simple and easy to use, they are not accurate enough to reflect the comfort of chickens in the house. Therefore, researchers proposed an effective temperature (ET) model that couples three indicators such as ambient temperature, humidity and wind speed: ET = T + E hum +E vel , to evaluate the thermal comfort of pigs or poultry. Subsequently, the researchers further developed the model by analyzing the relationship between the physiological indicators of poultry and pigs and temperature, humidity and wind speed: ET = T + a (rh-50) T + c (dT) (ν e -0.2 e ) equation, where a, c, d, and e are constants determined by the age, breed, and type of breeding house of the animal. The researchers recommend the following parameters for poultry: a = 0.0015, c = -1.0, d = 42, and e = 0.66 (Bjerg, Bjarne, Li Rong, and Guoqiang Zhang. Computational prediction of the effective temperature in the lying area of ​​pig pens. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture 149 (2018): 71-79). The above model provides a theoretical basis for the present invention to evaluate the thermal comfort of laying hens.

[0004] The thermal comfort of animals can usually be divided into cold stress zone, thermal comfort zone, and heat stress zone. At present, many studies have given the thermal comfort zone division of broilers, laying hens, and pigs, but the thermal comfort division of laying hens is still unclear. It is very inaccurate to refer to the broiler standard in production. Due to the large differences in fur thickness or heat dissipation efficiency of different animals, there are obvious differences in the upper and lower limits of the suitable temperature. This is why it is inaccurate to use other animals to divide the thermal comfort of laying hens. The purpose of the present invention is to propose an evaluation method for obtaining the lower limit ET and upper limit ET of the thermal comfort zone of laying hens based on the above-mentioned effective temperature formula, and to divide the cold stress zone, thermal comfort zone, and heat stress zone according to the obtained lower limit ET and upper limit ET of the thermal comfort zone. In addition, the existing large-scale intensive laying hen houses have large spaces and a large number of chickens. There are differences in wind speed or temperature and humidity between the front and back or upper and lower cages in the house, and the environment is uneven. That is to say, the ET values ​​of cages in different spaces are different. Therefore, the present invention also proposes a method for applying ET to laying hens. In summary, the present invention aims to solve the problems of unclear division of thermal comfort intervals for laying hens and lack of methods for evaluating large-space laying hens houses based on effective temperature models, and proposes a method for evaluating thermal comfort of laying hens based on an effective temperature model and its application. Summary of the invention

[0005] 1. Technical issues to be resolved

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a method for evaluating the comfort of laying hens based on an effective temperature model and its application, which solves one or more of the above-mentioned problems and achieves the purposes of non-contact, visualization, safety and non-invasiveness.

[0007] (II) Technical solution

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a method for evaluating the comfort of laying hens based on an effective temperature model, specifically comprising the following steps:

[0009] S1. Select the egg-laying breeder chickens to be evaluated, which are in normal production and healthy state;

[0010] S2, placing the laying hen in an environment control cabin capable of automatically controlling the ambient temperature and relative humidity;

[0011] S3, designing a negative pressure air duct in the environmental control cabin, the negative pressure air duct can set the wind speed, and setting cages for laying hens to eat, drink water and defecate normally in the air duct, and observing and analyzing the laying hens in the environmental control cabin;

[0012] S4, setting the thermal comfort zone of the laying hen based on the effective temperature model to ET 下限 <ET≤ET上限 , heat stress zone is ET>ET 上限 , the cold stress zone is ET≤ET 下限 .

[0013] Preferably, each cage position of the cage in step S3 accommodates 2 laying hens.

[0014] Preferably, the observation and analysis of the laying hens in the environmental control cabin in step S3 specifically includes the following steps:

[0015] S31, setting the wind speed of the negative pressure air duct to the minimum ventilation mode, setting the temperature of the environmental control cabin to automatically decrease from 20°C to 10°C, decreasing by 1°C per hour until it reaches 10°C, and observing the behavior of two laying hens in the same cage in real time during this process. When it is observed that two laying hens in 50% of the cages are close to each other, record the corresponding air temperature T of the environmental control cabin. 下限 ;

[0016] S32, according to the T 下限 , according to the effective temperature model, ET 下限 =T 下限 +0.0015(55-50)T 下限 –1.0(42-T 下限 )(0.1 0.66 –0.2 0.66 ), get ET 下限 ;

[0017] S33, setting the temperature of the environmental control cabin to an automatic temperature increase model from 22°C to 32°C, increasing by 1°C per hour until it reaches 32°C, and observing the behavior of the laying hens in the cage in real time during this process. When 50% of the laying hens in the air duct open their mouths to pant and dissipate heat, record the corresponding air temperature T of the environmental control cabin. 上限 ;

[0018] S34, according to the T 上限 , according to the effective temperature model, ET 上限 =T 上限 +0.0015(60-50)T 上限 –1.0(42-T 上限 )(1.0 0.66 –0.2 0.66 ), get ET 上限

[0019] Preferably, in step S31, the wind speed is controlled to be 0.1 m / s and the relative humidity is set to be 55%.

[0020] Preferably, in step S33, the wind speed of the negative pressure air duct is set to 1.0 m / s, and the relative humidity is set to 60%.

[0021] The present invention also provides an application method of the layer breeder hen comfort evaluation method based on the effective temperature model in a specific environment, which specifically comprises the following steps:

[0022] T1. The egg-laying hen house where the egg-laying hen is normally produced is grid-divided. The long axis of the hen house is divided into three environmental factor monitoring points at the front, middle and back, i.e., monitoring point X1, monitoring point X2 and monitoring point X3. The horizontal axis of the hen house is divided into three environmental factor monitoring points at the left, middle and right, i.e., monitoring point Y1, monitoring point Y2 and monitoring point Y3. The vertical axis of the hen house plane is divided into two upper and lower detection points, i.e., detection point Z1 and detection point Z2. The three points on the long axis, the three points on the horizontal axis and the two points on the vertical axis are respectively intersected to form sites at 18 different positions in the hen house;

[0023] T2, at the 18 monitoring sites in step T1, temperature, humidity and wind speed monitoring sensors are set respectively. The temperature, humidity and wind speed monitoring sensors transmit the values ​​to the environmental controller. The environmental controller generates the corresponding ET of the 18 different sites in real time according to the effective temperature model calculation formula and the 18 sets of data uploaded. 实时 value;

[0024] T3, the environmental controller will generate ET at 18 different locations in real time 实时 values,visualized on the environment controller display;

[0025] T4, environmental controller determines ET 实时 Value and ET 上限 and E.T. 上限 The relationship between ET 下限 <ET 实时 ≤ET 上限 , the environmental controller displays the ET value of this location as green, indicating that the laying hens at this location are in a thermally comfortable state;

[0026] When E.T. 实时 >ET 上限 , the environmental controller displays the ET value of this location in red, indicating that the laying hens at this location are in a state of heat stress, and sounds an alarm;

[0027] When E.T. 实时 ≤ET 下限 The environmental controller displays the ET value of this location as blue, indicating that the laying hens at this location are in a state of cold stress, and sounds an alarm.

[0028] Preferably, in step T2, the sensor monitors the temperature, humidity and wind speed in the environment in real time, and transmits the values ​​to the environment controller.

[0029] (III) Beneficial effects

[0030] The present invention provides a method for evaluating the comfort of laying hens based on an effective temperature model and its application. Compared with the prior art, the method has the following beneficial effects: the method for evaluating the comfort of laying hens based on an effective temperature model and its application are novel and reasonable in design, and can quickly and in real time obtain the effective temperature of the microenvironment in the chicken house where the laying hens are located, avoiding the situation where one site data is used to represent all laying hens due to the large space of the chicken house, so that the breeder can intuitively and quickly know whether the chickens are in a space outside the thermal comfort zone, so as to take stress relief operations in time to maintain the normal production performance of laying hens. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of a method for evaluating thermal comfort of laying hens based on an effective temperature model of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the division of three-dimensional space monitoring points of a laying hen house in the present invention in the method for evaluating the thermal comfort of laying hen based on the effective temperature model and in the application thereof;

[0033] Figure 3 The present invention provides a method for evaluating the thermal comfort of laying hens based on an effective temperature model and an environment controller display screen display interface for 18 grid points in a three-dimensional space in an application thereof;

[0034] Figure 4 The invention discloses a method for evaluating the thermal comfort of laying hens based on an effective temperature model and an effective temperature upper limit, lower limit and environmental control display ET in its application. 实时 's effect diagram. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] See also Figure 1-4 The embodiment of the present invention provides a technical solution: a method for evaluating the comfort of laying hens based on an effective temperature model, comprising the following steps:

[0037] S1. Select the egg-laying breeder chickens to be evaluated, which are in normal production and healthy state;

[0038] S2, placing the laying hen in an environment control cabin capable of automatically controlling the ambient temperature and relative humidity;

[0039] S3, designing a negative pressure air duct in the environmental control cabin, wherein the wind speed of the negative pressure air duct can be set;

[0040] S4. A cage for laying hens to eat, drink and defecate normally is arranged in the air duct, and each cage position of the cage can accommodate 2 laying hens;

[0041] S5. Set the wind speed of the negative pressure air duct to the minimum ventilation mode, the wind speed is controlled to 0.1m / s, the relative humidity is set to 55%, and the temperature of the environmental control cabin is set to automatically decrease from 20°C to 10°C, decreasing by 1°C per hour until it reaches 10°C. During this process, the behavior of two laying hens in the same cage is observed in real time. When two laying hens in 50% of the cages are close to each other, the corresponding environmental control cabin air temperature T is recorded. 下限 =13℃( Figure 4 A);

[0042] S6. According to the T 下限 , according to the effective temperature model, ET 下限 =T 下限 +0.0015(55-50)T 下限 –1.0(42-T 下限 )(0.1 0.66 –0.2 0.66 ), get ET 下限 =16.8( Figure 4 A);

[0043] S7, set the wind speed of the negative pressure air duct to 1.0m / s, the relative humidity to 60%, and the temperature of the environmental control cabin to automatically rise from 22°C to 32°C, increasing by 1°C per hour until it reaches 32°C. During this process, observe the behavior of the laying hens in the cage in real time. When 50% of the laying hens in the air duct open their mouths to pant and dissipate heat, record the corresponding air temperature T of the environmental control cabin. 上限 =29℃( Figure 4 B);

[0044] S8. According to the T 上限 , according to the effective temperature model, ET 上限 =T 上限 +0.0015(60-50)T 上限 –1.0(42-T 上限 )(1.0 0.66 –0.2 0.66 ), get ET 上限 =20.9( Figure 4 B);

[0045] S9. Set the thermally comfortable zone of the laying hens based on the effective temperature model as 16.8 < ET ≤ 20.9, the heat stress zone as ET > 20.9, and the cold stress zone as ET ≤ 16.8;

[0046] As Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, the application process of an evaluation method for the thermal comfort of laying hens based on the effective temperature model includes the following implementation steps:

[0047] T1. Divide the laying hen house where the laying hens are normally produced into grids. The long axis of the hen house is evenly divided into three environmental factor monitoring points (X1, X2, X3) in the front, middle, and rear, the transverse axis of the hen house is evenly divided into three environmental factor monitoring points (Y1, Y2, Y3) on the left, middle, and right, and the vertical axis of the hen house plane is evenly divided into two detection points (Z1, Z2). The three points on the long axis, the three points on the transverse axis, and the two points on the vertical axis intersect respectively to form 18 sites (X1Y1Z1, X1Y2Z1, X1Y3Zl, X1Y1Z2, X1Y2Z2, X1Y3Z2, X2Y1Z1, X2Y2Z1, X2Y3Zl, X2Y1Z2, X2Y2Z2, X2Y3Z2, X3Y1Z1, X3Y2Z1, X3Y3Zl, X3Y1Z2, X3Y2Z2, X3Y3Z2) at different positions in the hen house;

[0048] T2. At the 18 monitoring sites, set temperature, humidity, and wind speed monitoring sensors respectively. The sensors can monitor the temperature, humidity, and wind speed in the environment in real time and transmit the values to the environmental controller. The environmental controller generates the corresponding ET values of 18 different sites in real time according to the effective temperature model calculation formula and in combination with the 18 groups of uploaded data. 实时 value;

[0049] T3. The environmental controller visually displays the ET 实时 values of the 18 different sites generated in real time on the display of the environmental controller ( Figure 4 C).

[0050] T4. As Figure 4 shown in 实时 C, the environmental controller judges the relationship between the ET 上限 value and the ET 上限 . When ET 下限 < ET 实时 ≤ ET 上限 , the environmental controller displays the background of the ET value at this site as white, indicating that the laying hens at this site are in a thermally comfortable state; when ET 实时 > ET 上限 , the environmental controller displays the background of the ET value at this site as red, indicating that the laying hens at this site are in a heat stress state and issues an alarm; when ET 实时≤ET 下限 The environmental controller displays the ET value of this location with a blue background, indicating that the laying hens at this location are in a cold stress state, and an alarm is issued; the visualized ET value indicates that ET appears at the left front end of the upper layer of the chicken house. 实时 =22.3 greater than ET 上限 =20.9. According to the wind speed measured on site, the wind speed here is low and in the dead wind area. It is necessary to check whether the wet curtain is blocked. ET appears in the front middle of the upper layer and the right rear of the lower layer. 实时 Slightly smaller than ET 下限 =16.8, according to the on-site analysis, it is found that the wind speed of the front grid in the upper layer facing the wet curtain is relatively high, and the wind speed of the rear grid in the lower layer is relatively high, resulting in ET 下限 This shows that this method can avoid the disadvantage of only considering temperature and humidity factors while ignoring wind speed, and can promptly discover the uneven indoor environment caused by abnormal airflow, which can be used as a more effective method to warn of thermal comfort of laying hens.

[0051] In summary, the design of the present invention is novel and reasonable, and can quickly and in real time obtain the effective temperature of the microenvironment in the chicken house where the laying hens are located, avoiding the situation where one site data is used to represent all laying hens due to the large space of the chicken house, so that the breeder can intuitively and quickly know whether the chickens are in a space outside the thermal comfort zone, so as to take stress relief operations in time to maintain the normal production performance of the laying hens.

[0052] Meanwhile, the contents not described in detail in this specification belong to the prior art known to those skilled in the art.

[0053] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0054] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating the comfort of laying hens based on an effective temperature model, characterized in that: The specific steps include: S1. Select the egg-laying breeder chickens to be evaluated, which are in normal production and healthy state; S2, placing the laying hen in an environment control cabin capable of automatically controlling the ambient temperature and relative humidity; S3, designing a negative pressure air duct in the environmental control cabin, the negative pressure air duct can set the wind speed, and setting cages for laying hens to eat, drink water and defecate normally in the air duct, and observing and analyzing the laying hens in the environmental control cabin; S4, setting the thermal comfort zone of the laying hen based on the effective temperature model to ET 下限 <ET≤ET 上限 , heat stress zone is ET>ET 上限 , the cold stress zone is ET≤ET 下限 .

2. The method for evaluating the comfort of laying hens based on an effective temperature model according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, each cage position of the cage accommodates 2 laying hens.

3. The method for evaluating the comfort of laying hens based on an effective temperature model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The observation and analysis of the laying hens in the environmental control cabin in step S3 specifically includes the following steps: S31, setting the wind speed of the negative pressure air duct to the minimum ventilation mode, setting the temperature of the environmental control cabin to automatically decrease from 20°C to 10°C, decreasing by 1°C per hour until it reaches 10°C, and observing the behavior of two laying hens in the same cage in real time during this process. When it is observed that two laying hens in 50% of the cages are close to each other, record the corresponding air temperature T of the environmental control cabin. 下限 ; S32, according to the T 下限 , according to the effective temperature model, ET 下限 =T 下限 +0.0015(55-50)T 下限 –1.0(42-T 下限 )(0.1 0.66 –0.2 0.66 ), get ET 下限 ; S33, setting the temperature of the environmental control cabin to an automatic temperature increase model from 22°C to 32°C, increasing by 1°C per hour until it reaches 32°C, and observing the behavior of the laying hens in the cage in real time during this process. When 50% of the laying hens in the air duct open their mouths to pant and dissipate heat, record the corresponding air temperature T of the environmental control cabin. 上限 ; S34, according to the T 上限 , according to the effective temperature model, ET 上限 =T 上限 +0.0015(60-50)T 上限 –1.0(42-T 上限 )(1.0 0.66 –0.2 0.66 ), get ET 上限 .

4. The method for evaluating the comfort of laying hens based on an effective temperature model according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step S31, the wind speed is controlled to be 0.1 m / s and the relative humidity is set to be 55%.

5. The method for evaluating the comfort of laying hens based on an effective temperature model according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step S33, the wind speed of the negative pressure air duct is set to 1.0 m / s, and the relative humidity is set to 60%.

6. A method for applying the layer breeder hen comfort evaluation method based on an effective temperature model as described in any one of claims 1 to 5 in a specific environment, characterized in that: The specific steps include: T1. The egg-laying hen house where the egg-laying hen is normally produced is grid-divided. The long axis of the hen house is divided into three environmental factor monitoring points at the front, middle and back, i.e., monitoring point X1, monitoring point X2 and monitoring point X3. The horizontal axis of the hen house is divided into three environmental factor monitoring points at the left, middle and right, i.e., monitoring point Y1, monitoring point Y2 and monitoring point Y3. The vertical axis of the hen house plane is divided into two upper and lower detection points, i.e., detection point Z1 and detection point Z2. The three points on the long axis, the three points on the horizontal axis and the two points on the vertical axis are respectively intersected to form sites at 18 different positions in the hen house; T2, at the 18 monitoring sites in step T1, temperature, humidity and wind speed monitoring sensors are set respectively. The temperature, humidity and wind speed monitoring sensors transmit the values ​​to the environmental controller. The environmental controller generates the corresponding ET of the 18 different sites in real time according to the effective temperature model calculation formula and the 18 sets of data uploaded. 实时 value; T3, the environmental controller will generate ET at 18 different locations in real time 实时 values,visualized on the environment controller display; T4, environmental controller determines ET 实时 Value and ET 上限 and E.T. 上限 The relationship between ET 下限 <ET 实时 ≤ET 上限 , the environmental controller displays the ET value of this location as green, indicating that the laying hens at this location are in a thermally comfortable state; When E.T. 实时 >ET 上限 , the environmental controller displays the ET value of this location in red, indicating that the laying hens at this location are in a state of heat stress, and sounds an alarm; When E.T. 实时 ≤ET 下限 The environmental controller displays the ET value of this location as blue, indicating that the laying hens at this location are in a state of cold stress, and sounds an alarm.

7. The method for applying the layer breeder hen comfort evaluation method based on the effective temperature model in a specific environment according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step T2, the sensor monitors the temperature, humidity and wind speed in the environment in real time and transmits the values ​​to the environment controller.

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