A chain-type lotus root-like thermal management flow channel device and control method

Abstract

A chain-type lotus-shaped thermal management channel device and control method, the device comprising a chain-type high-pressure main channel (1), a lotus-shaped diverter channel (2), a chain-type confluence channel (3), a controller module (4), a cylindrical lithium-ion battery (5), a temperature compensation plate (6), and an inductive diverter valve (7). The cylindrical lithium-ion batteries are distributed on both sides of the chain-type high-pressure main channel. The chain-type high-pressure main channel, the lotus-shaped diverter channel, the chain-type confluence channel, and the shuttle-shaped shrinkage and expansion channel are integrated by 3D printing. The liquid cooling medium flows from the chain-type high-pressure main channel to the lotus-shaped diverter channel to the chain-type confluence channel, thereby performing a three-dimensional thermal management process on the cylindrical lithium-ion battery. The method collects the ambient temperature of a single cylindrical lithium-ion battery through a temperature sensor, transmits it to the controller module in combination with the parameters of the pressure sensor, changes the opening of each pressure-sensitive diverter valve, thereby controlling the expansion degree of the shuttle-shaped flexible membrane in different regions, and improving the uniformity of the working temperature of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a chain-type lotus root-like thermal management flow channel device and a control method, belonging to the technical field of lithium-ion battery heat dissipation. Background Art

[0002] The safety of new energy vehicle power battery packs mainly depends on thermal runaway safety, and temperature has a significant impact on the use of cylindrical lithium-ion battery packs. Under working conditions, cylindrical lithium-ion battery packs may have high temperatures or uneven temperatures in the cells. Once local lithium-ion cell thermal runaway occurs, it will cause a fire that will be difficult to control. Therefore, the control strategy of the thermal management flow channel of lithium-ion batteries can play an important role in safety.

[0003] Publication number CN116742198A discloses a thermal management system and control method for large-capacity lithium-ion battery packs, and relates to the field of cooling technology for large-scale lithium-ion battery energy storage systems. It includes: a lithium-ion battery module, a liquid cooling plate, a bidirectional self-priming pump, a flow controller, a water storage tank, and a flat heat pipe; the lithium-ion battery module includes multiple lithium-ion battery cells, each separated by a flat heat pipe; the liquid cooling plate is located at the bottom of the battery module; the bidirectional self-priming pump provides power for the forward and reverse circulation of the coolant; the flow controller controls the bidirectional self-priming pump to achieve forward and reverse flow conversion. This document mainly controls the flow time of a pump body with forward and reverse flow to solve the problem of temperature uniformity; but it does not use three-dimensional liquid cooling and control of expansion degree to handle lithium-ion battery thermal management. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the safety problems of existing lithium-ion batteries caused by inadequate thermal management, and to propose a chain-type lotus root-like thermal management flow channel device and a control method.

[0005] The technical solution implemented by the present invention is as follows: a chain-type lotus root-like thermal management flow channel device, including a 3D-printed integrated flow channel, a controller module, a pressure-sensitive diverter valve, a reflux heating pump, a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a temperature compensation plate and a shuttle-shaped flexible membrane; by three-dimensional heat dissipation of the 3D-printed integrated flow channel and controlling the expansion degree of the shuttle-shaped flexible membrane, the problem of temperature uniformity of the lithium-ion battery is solved, and thermal management of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery is achieved.

[0006] The 3D printed integrated flow channel includes a chain-type high-pressure main flow channel, a lotus-root-shaped branch flow channel, a chain-type confluence flow channel and a shuttle-shaped shrinkage flow channel; a cylindrical lithium-ion battery module consisting of two rows of cylindrical lithium-ion battery cells is respectively embedded in the arc rib layers on both sides of the 3D printed flow channel.

[0007] The pressure-sensitive diverter valve is arranged on one side of the chain-type high-pressure main channel near the end of the pole ear of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery, and its axis coincides with the axis of the first circular through hole on the chain-type high-pressure main channel; the temperature compensation plate is placed between the two chain-type confluence channels to perform temperature uniformity treatment on the cylindrical lithium-ion battery; the first circular through hole interface at one end of the shuttle-type shrinkage and expansion channel is connected to the pressure-sensitive diverter valve at the first circular through hole, and the second circular through hole interface at the other end is connected to the second circular through hole of the chain-type confluence channel; the shuttle-shaped flexible membrane is arranged in the middle section of the shuttle-type shrinkage and expansion channel, one end of which is connected to the first circular through hole interface of the shuttle-type shrinkage and expansion channel, and the other end is connected to the second circular through hole interface of the shuttle-type shrinkage and expansion channel; the reflux heating pump is arranged at the first channel inlet of the chain-type high-pressure main channel and the chain confluence The first flow channel outlet end of the channel is connected to the chain high-pressure main channel, the chain confluence channel and the flow channel inlets and outlets of the temperature compensation plate to circulate heating or cooling of the liquid cooling medium; the temperature sensor is arranged at multiple extension slots of the chain high-pressure main channel to collect the temperature of each cylindrical lithium-ion battery cell; the pressure sensor is arranged at the first round through hole of the shuttle-shaped flexible membrane close to the chain high-pressure main channel to obtain the pressure value of the flow inlet of the shuttle-shaped flexible membrane; the controller module is arranged on the side of the chain high-pressure main channel close to the cylindrical lithium-ion battery ear, and the controller module controls the opening of each pressure-sensitive diverter valve in combination with the parameters of the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor, and adjusts the expansion degree of each shuttle-shaped flexible membrane to meet the thermal management requirements of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery.

[0008] The chain-type high-pressure main channel, the lotus-root-shaped branch channel, the chain-type confluence channel and the shuttle-shaped shrinkage and expansion channel are manufactured as a whole by 3D printing.

[0009] The chain-type high-voltage main channel is placed along the X direction of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery module and is distributed in an array in the Y direction of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery module. The cylindrical lithium-ion batteries are staggered on both sides of the chain-type high-voltage main channel. One end of the lotus-root-shaped diverter channel is connected to the chain-type high-voltage main channel, and an elliptical through-hole channel and a semi-elliptical through-hole channel are formed inside. The other end is connected to the chain-type confluence channel. The chain-type high-voltage main channel, the lotus-root-shaped diverter channel and the chain confluence channel are symmetrically arranged along the middle cross-section of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery perpendicular to the axis, and the temperature compensation plate is sandwiched between the two chain-type confluence channels.

[0010] The chain-type high-voltage main channel, lotus-root-shaped branch channel, chain-type confluence channel and the side surface of the temperature compensation plate are in contact with at least one cylindrical lithium-ion battery cell, and perform heat dissipation treatment on the cylindrical lithium-ion battery module.

[0011] The chain-type high-pressure main channel includes a first channel inlet, a first chain channel, an extended card slot, a pressure-sensitive diverter valve, an elliptical through hole, a semi-elliptical through hole, a first circular through hole and an arc rib layer; the first channel inlet is arranged at one end along the length X direction of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery module, the first chain channel extends along the length X direction of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery module, and a first chain channel cavity is formed inside the first chain channel for the flow of liquid cooling medium; the extended card slot is arranged at the end of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery ear, constraining the cylindrical lithium-ion battery to move in a non-Y direction. Loose upward; the elliptical through hole and the semi-elliptical through hole are placed between the two cylindrical lithium-ion battery cells, and correspond to the positions of the elliptical through hole and the semi-elliptical through hole on the lotus root-shaped diverter channel; the first circular through hole is arranged on the side of the chain-type high-voltage main channel away from the cylindrical lithium-ion battery, and its axis coincides with the center of gravity of the triangle formed by the tabs of the three cylindrical lithium-ion battery cells, and the first circular through hole is engaged with the first circular through hole interface of the shuttle-type shrinkage and expansion channel; the arc rib layer is coated with a heat-absorbing material and is bonded to the cylindrical lithium-ion battery.

[0012] The lotus-root-shaped shunt channel includes an elliptical through hole, a semi-elliptical through hole, a circular through hole and an arc rib layer; the elliptical through hole and the semi-elliptical through hole are placed between two cylindrical lithium-ion battery cells, and the circular through hole is set in the cavity formed by three cylindrical lithium-ion battery cells, and its axis coincides with the axis of the first circular through hole; the elliptical through hole and the circular through hole are distributed in an interval form along the direction of the first chain flow channel; the side of the lotus-root-shaped shunt channel contacts at least one cylindrical lithium-ion battery cell, one end of the circular through hole is connected to the side of the chain high-voltage main channel away from the cylindrical lithium-ion battery tab, and the other end is connected to the side of the chain confluence channel; a liquid cooling medium flows in the length direction of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery inside the lotus-root-shaped shunt channel to perform thermal management on the cylindrical lithium-ion battery.

[0013] The chain-type confluence channel includes a first flow channel outlet, a second chain-type flow channel, an elliptical through hole, a semi-elliptical through hole, a second circular through hole and an arc rib layer; the first flow channel outlet is arranged along the X direction of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery module with the chain-type high-voltage main flow channel, the second chain-type flow channel is arranged inside the cavity of the chain-type confluence channel, and the elliptical through hole, the semi-elliptical through hole and the second circular through hole are arranged at the projections of the elliptical through hole, the semi-elliptical through hole and the first circular through hole corresponding to the chain-type high-voltage main flow channel; one side of the chain-type confluence channel is connected to the elliptical through hole and the semi-elliptical through hole of the lotus root-shaped diversion channel, and the other side is bonded to the temperature compensation plate, and the arc rib layer is coated with a heat-absorbing material and bonded to the cylindrical lithium-ion battery.

[0014] The shuttle-shaped expansion and contraction flow channel is a shuttle-shaped structure, which is equivalent to the configuration of the two bottoms of two identical frustums put together; the shuttle-shaped expansion and contraction flow channel is placed inside the circular through hole of the lotus root-shaped diversion channel, and includes a first circular through hole interface, a shuttle-shaped flexible membrane, and a second circular through hole interface. The first circular through hole interface of the shuttle-shaped expansion and contraction flow channel is connected to the pressure-sensitive diversion valve at the first circular through hole, and the second circular through hole interface at the other end is connected to the second circular through hole of the chain-type confluence channel; the shuttle-shaped flexible membrane is arranged in the middle section of the shuttle-shaped expansion and contraction flow channel, one end of which is connected to the first circular through hole interface at one end of the shuttle-shaped expansion and contraction flow channel, and the other end is connected to the second circular through hole interface of the shuttle-shaped expansion and contraction flow channel; the shuttle-shaped flexible membrane has a density of 1000kg / m³, a Young's elastic modulus between 100KPa-10MPa, a thickness within 0.3mm, has good heat resistance, and expands or contracts according to the magnitude of the pressure.

[0015] The temperature compensation plate includes a second flow channel inlet, a second flow channel outlet, an arc rib layer and a spoiler; the second flow channel inlet is arranged on the same side as the first flow channel outlet of the chain-type confluence, and the second flow channel outlet is arranged on the same side as the first flow channel inlet of the chain-type high-pressure main channel; the spoiler is arranged inside the cavity of the temperature compensation plate, and its center position is the positive projection of the second circular through hole; the side of the temperature compensation plate has an arc rib layer, which contacts at least one cylindrical lithium-ion battery cell, is coated with a heat-absorbing material and is bonded to the cylindrical lithium-ion battery; the flow direction of the liquid cooling medium in the temperature compensation plate is opposite to the flow direction of the liquid cooling medium in the chain-type confluence, which plays a role in temperature uniformity.

[0016] A control method for a chain-type lotus-root-shaped thermal management flow channel is disclosed. The method sets an optimal operating temperature range (Td≤T≤Tg) for cylindrical lithium-ion batteries, collects the maximum temperature (Tnmax) and the minimum temperature (Tnmin) of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery cells under operating conditions, and uses the range R between the maximum temperature (Tnmax) and the minimum temperature (Tnmin) to represent the temperature uniformity of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery module. The method also collects the pressure value (Pn) of a shuttle-shaped flexible membrane port near the first circular through hole of the chain-type high-pressure main flow channel, and sets a safety range (Pd≤P≤Pg). The method operates as follows:

[0017] S1: The cylindrical lithium-ion battery starts working, the controller module is started, the temperature sensor collects the real-time temperature Tn of each cylindrical lithium-ion battery, and the pressure sensor collects the pressure value Pn of each shuttle-shaped flexible membrane port.

[0018] S2: Determine the real-time temperature Tn, the optimal operating temperature range Td≤T≤Tg, and R of each cylindrical lithium-ion battery.

[0019] S3: Determine whether the pressure value Pn of each shuttle-shaped flexible membrane port and the safety range is Pd≤P≤Pg.

[0020] S31: If Td≤Tn≤Tg and R≤5, it is the optimal operating temperature state of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery. The liquid cooling medium in the chain high-pressure main channel flows from the first channel inlet through the first chain channel, and vertically passes through the elliptical through-hole channel and the semi-elliptical through-hole channel in the lotus root-shaped diversion channel to the chain confluence channel, and is finally discharged from the first channel outlet of the chain confluence channel. The controller module controls the opening of each pressure-sensitive diversion valve, and measures the value Pn of the shuttle-shaped flexible membrane end pressure sensor to be within the range of Pd≤P≤Pg, which meets the thermal management requirements.

[0021] S32: If Tn>Tg and R≤5, the operating temperature is too high, which will affect the lithium ion activity of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery. At this time, the controller module should control the opening of each pressure-sensitive diverter valve, increase the expansion degree of the shuttle-shaped flexible membrane, and increase the area of ​​the cylindrical lithium-ion battery side wall contacted by the shuttle-shaped flexible membrane. In combination with the parameters of the pressure sensor, feedback is adjusted to adjust the opening of the pressure-sensitive diverter valve so that the pressure sensor value Pn is within the range of Pd≤P≤Pg. The temperature compensation plate increases the fluid flow of the liquid medium and takes away more heat.

[0022] S33: If Tn<Td and R≤5, the operating temperature is too low, which will affect the lithium ion activity of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery. At this time, the controller module should control the opening of each pressure-sensitive diverter valve to reduce the expansion of the shuttle-shaped flexible membrane and reduce the area of ​​the cylindrical lithium-ion battery side wall contacted by the shuttle-shaped flexible membrane; at the same time, the reflux heating pump will heat the liquid medium so that the liquid medium at the inlet of the first flow channel of the chain high-pressure main channel is in a preheated state, and the feedback is fed back to the controller module. Combined with the pressure sensor value Pn in the range of Pd≤P≤Pg, the opening of the pressure-sensitive diverter valve is comprehensively adjusted to keep the cylindrical lithium-ion battery operating temperature in the optimal state.

[0023] S34: If Pd≤Pn≤Pg, the pressure of the shuttle flexible membrane is in a safe range. The liquid cooling medium in the chain high-pressure main channel flows from the first channel inlet through the first chain channel, and vertically passes through the elliptical through-hole channel and the semi-elliptical through-hole channel in the lotus root-shaped diversion channel to the chain confluence channel, and is finally discharged from the first channel outlet of the chain confluence channel. The controller module controls the opening of each pressure-sensitive diversion valve to meet the pressure requirements of the shuttle flexible membrane port. At this time, combined with the temperature sensor parameters, the cylindrical lithium-ion battery operating temperature is achieved at the optimal state.

[0024] S35: If Pn≤Pd, it indicates that the inlet pressure of the shuttle-shaped flexible membrane is low. While maintaining the operating temperature of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery within the range of Td≤Tn≤Tg and R≤5, the opening of some pressure-sensitive diverter valves can be appropriately increased. At the same time, the reflux heating pump will heat the liquid medium so that the liquid medium at the inlet of the first flow channel of the chain high-pressure main channel is in a preheated state.

[0025] S36: If Pg≤Pn, it indicates that the inlet pressure of the shuttle-shaped flexible membrane is relatively high. While maintaining the operating temperature of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery within the range of Td≤Tn≤Tg and R≤5, the opening of some pressure-sensitive diverter valves can be appropriately reduced and fed back to the temperature sensor to comprehensively adjust the pressure value Pn to within the range of Pd≤P≤Pg.

[0026] S37: If R>5, the operating temperature of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery cells is uneven, which will affect the overall performance of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery module. At this time, the controller module can control the opening of the pressure-sensitive diverter valve according to the maximum temperature Tnmax and the minimum temperature Tnmin of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery cells, and adjust the expansion degree of each shuttle-shaped flexible membrane. When Pn≤Pg, the shuttle-shaped flexible membrane will shrink and expand to varying degrees, thereby changing the area of ​​at least one cylindrical lithium-ion battery side wall contacted by the shuttle-shaped flexible membrane, and controlling the temperature of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery module in different areas, reducing the temperature difference of each cylindrical lithium-ion battery at its operating temperature, and ensuring that it is in a safe working state.

[0027] Among them, Td is the minimum temperature set for each cylindrical lithium-ion battery, Tg is the maximum temperature set for each cylindrical lithium-ion battery, Tn is the real-time temperature of each cylindrical lithium-ion battery collected by the temperature sensor, Tnmax is the maximum temperature of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery cell in the real-time working state, Tnmin is the minimum temperature of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery cell in the real-time working state, and the extreme value R is the difference between the maximum temperature Tnmax and the minimum temperature Tnmin.

[0028] Among them, Pd is the minimum pressure value set at the liquid medium inlet end of the shuttle-shaped flexible membrane, Pg is the maximum pressure value set at the liquid medium inlet end of the shuttle-shaped flexible membrane, and Pn is the real-time pressure value of the liquid medium inlet end of each shuttle-shaped flexible membrane.

[0029] The temperature sensor will first analyze the real-time temperature Tn of each cylindrical lithium-ion battery, thereby driving the controller module to make an analysis.

[0030] The pressure sensor will then analyze the pressure value Pn at the inlet end of the liquid medium of the shuttle-shaped flexible membrane, thereby driving the actuator module to respond.

[0031] The controller module combines the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor to analyze the real-time temperature Tn, the extreme value R, and the pressure value Pn, and continuously adjusts the value of Pn, giving priority to ensuring that the real-time temperature Tn and the extreme value R are within a reasonable range.

[0032] The beneficial effect of the present invention is that the present invention provides a 3D printing integrated cooling channel consisting of a chain-type high-pressure main channel, a lotus-root-shaped branch channel, a chain-type confluence channel and a shuttle-type expansion and contraction channel; the liquid cooling medium flows from the chain-type high-pressure main channel to the lotus-root-shaped branch channel to the chain-type confluence channel, performing three-dimensional thermal management treatment on the cylindrical lithium-ion battery.

[0033] The present invention also provides a thermal management flow channel control strategy, comprising a shuttle-shaped expansion and contraction flow channel, a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a pressure-sensitive diverter valve, a reflux heat pump, and a controller module. The temperature sensor measures the ambient temperature of individual cylindrical lithium-ion batteries and transmits this information, combined with the pressure sensor's parameters, to the controller module, which then adjusts the opening of each pressure-sensitive diverter valve. This controls the expansion of the expansion and contraction flow channel in different regions, improving the uniformity of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery's operating temperature. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a cylindrical lithium-ion battery module of a thermal management flow channel device of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of a chain-type lotus root-like thermal management flow channel device of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 This is an exploded schematic diagram of the structure of a chain-type lotus root-like thermal management flow channel device of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the chain-type high-pressure main channel structure of the thermal management channel device of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the chain-type high-pressure main channel of the thermal management channel device of the present invention, with a half-section folded at 45°;

[0039] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the lotus root-shaped branch channel structure of the thermal management channel device of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the chain-type converging channel structure of the thermal management channel device of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the chain-type confluence of the thermal management channel device of the present invention, with a half-section folded at 45°;

[0042] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the shuttle-type shrinkage and expansion flow channel structure of the thermal management flow channel device of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 10 A schematic structural diagram of a temperature compensation plate of a thermal management channel device of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a half-section of a temperature compensation plate of a thermal management channel device of the present invention, folded at 45°;

[0045] Figure 12 This is a principle flow chart of a chain-type lotus root-like thermal management flow channel control strategy of the present invention;

[0046] In the figure, 1 is a chain-type high-pressure main channel; 2 is a lotus-root-shaped diverter channel; 3 is a chain-type confluence channel; 4 is a controller module; 5 is a cylindrical lithium-ion battery; 6 is a temperature compensation plate; 7 is a pressure-sensitive diverter valve; 8 is a shuttle-shaped expansion channel; 9 is a reflux heat pump; 101 is the first channel inlet; 102 is the first chain-type channel; 103 is an extension slot; 104 is an elliptical through hole; 105 is a semi-elliptical through hole; 106 is a first circular through hole; 107 is an arc rib layer; 201 is a circular through hole; 301 is the first flow channel outlet; 302 is the second chain flow channel; 303 is the second circular through hole; 601 is the second flow channel inlet; 602 is the second flow channel outlet; 603 is a spoiler; 801 is a shuttle-shaped flexible membrane; 802 is the first circular through hole interface; 803 is the second circular through hole interface; 8011 is a shuttle-shaped flexible membrane (contracted state); 8012 is a shuttle-shaped flexible membrane (expanded state). DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] like Figure 1-11 As shown, this embodiment is a chain-type lotus root-like thermal management flow channel device, including a 3D printed integrated flow channel, a controller module 4, a pressure-sensitive diverter valve 7, a reflux heating pump 9, a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a temperature compensation plate 6 and a shuttle-shaped flexible membrane 801.

[0048] The 3D printed integrated flow channel of this embodiment includes a chain-type high-pressure main channel 1, a lotus root-shaped branch channel 2, a chain-type confluence channel 3 and a shuttle-shaped expansion flow channel 8; the cylindrical lithium-ion battery 5 module composed of each two rows of cylindrical lithium-ion battery cells 5 is respectively embedded in the arc rib layer 107 on both sides of the 3D printed flow channel.

[0049] The chain-type high-voltage main channel 1 of this embodiment is placed along the X direction of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery 5 module (the horizontal length direction of the 3D printed integrated channel), and is distributed in the form of an array in the Y direction of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery 5 module. The cylindrical lithium-ion batteries 5 are staggered on both sides of the chain-type high-voltage main channel 1. One end of the lotus-root-shaped diverter channel 2 is connected to the chain-type high-voltage main channel 1, and an elliptical through-hole 104 flow channel and a semi-elliptical through-hole 105 flow channel are formed inside. The other end is connected to the chain-type confluence channel 3. The shuttle-type shrinkage membrane 801 is placed inside the round through hole 201 of the lotus-root-type diverter channel 2. The chain-type high-voltage main channel 1, the lotus-root-type diverter channel 2, the chain confluence channel 3 and the shuttle-type shrinkage channel 8 are made into one by 3D printing, and are arranged along the cylindrical lithium-ion battery. The pool 5 is arranged symmetrically in the middle section perpendicular to the axis, the temperature compensation plate 6 is placed between the two chain confluences 3, and the reflux heating pump 9 is set at the first flow channel inlet 101 of the chain high-pressure main channel 1 and the first flow channel outlet 301 of the chain confluence 3, and is connected to the various flow channel inlets and outlets of the chain high-pressure main channel 1, the chain confluence 3 and the temperature compensation plate 6 to circulate heating or cooling of the liquid cooling medium. The chain high-pressure main channel 1, the lotus root-shaped branch channel 2, the chain confluence 3 and the side of the temperature compensation plate 6 are in contact with at least two cylindrical lithium-ion battery cells 5 to dissipate heat for the cylindrical lithium-ion batteries 5, and the shuttle-shaped shrinkage membrane 801 is in contact with at least three cylindrical lithium-ion battery cells 5 to evenly treat the temperature of the cylindrical lithium-ion batteries 5.

[0050] The chain-type high-voltage main channel 1 of this embodiment is placed along the X direction of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery 5 module and is distributed in the form of an array in the Y direction of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery 5 module (horizontally perpendicular to the X direction). A first flow channel inlet 101 is provided at one end of the chain-type high-voltage main channel 1. A first chain flow channel 102 is provided along the X direction of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery 5 module, and a first chain flow channel 102 cavity is formed inside the chain-type high-voltage main channel 102 for the flow of liquid cooling medium. The chain-type high-voltage main channel 1 serves to transmit the high-pressure liquid cooling medium to the lotus-root-shaped diverter channel 2 and press and divert the liquid into the shuttle-shaped flexible membrane 801 according to the opening degree of the pressure-sensitive diverter valve 7. An extension slot 103 is provided near the end of the tab of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery 5 in the Y direction of the module to restrict the loosening of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery 5 in the non-Y direction. The extension slot 103 is coupled to the temperature sensor. The pressure-sensitive diverter valve 7, the first circular through hole 106, the elliptical through hole 104, and the semi-elliptical through hole 105 are placed inside the cavity of the chain-type high-pressure main channel 1. The first circular through hole 106 is arranged on the side of the chain-type high-pressure main channel 1 away from the cylindrical lithium-ion battery 5. Its axis coincides with the center of gravity of the triangle formed by the tabs of the three cylindrical lithium-ion battery cells 5. The first circular through hole 106 is connected to the first circular through hole interface 802 of the shuttle-type expansion and contraction channel 8; the semi-elliptical through hole 105 and the arc rib layer 107 are arranged between the two cylindrical lithium-ion battery cells 5 and are distributed in a curved manner along the X direction of the first chain-type flow channel 102. The pressure-sensitive diverter valve 7 controls the fluid flow of the liquid cooling medium. The arc rib layer 107 is coated with a heat-absorbing material and is in contact with the cylindrical lithium-ion battery 5, playing a role in heat transfer, and is defined as the first-level heat transfer and heat dissipation.

[0051] The lotus root-shaped diversion channel 2 of this embodiment includes an elliptical through hole 104, a semi-elliptical through hole 105, an arc rib layer 107 and a circular through hole 201; the elliptical through hole 104 and the semi-elliptical through hole 105 are placed between two cylindrical lithium-ion battery cells 5; the circular through hole 201 is arranged in the cavity formed by the three cylindrical lithium-ion battery cells 5, and its axis coincides with the axis of the first circular through hole 106; the elliptical through hole 104 and the circular through hole 201 are distributed in a curved manner along the X direction of the first chain flow channel 102; the elliptical through hole 104, the semi-elliptical through hole 105 and the circular through hole 201 are arranged in a curved manner along the X direction of the first chain flow channel 102; The elliptical through hole 104, the semi-elliptical through hole 105 and the first circular through hole 106 on the chain-type high-voltage main channel 1 correspond to each other in projection; the side of the lotus root-shaped diverter channel 2 is in contact with at least one cylindrical lithium-ion battery 5 single body, and one end of the circular through hole 201 of the lotus root-shaped diverter channel 2 is connected to the side of the chain-type high-voltage main channel 1 away from the pole ear of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery 5, and the other end is connected to the side of the chain-type confluence channel 3; there is liquid cooling medium flowing in the length direction of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery 5 inside, which plays the role of transferring the liquid cooling medium from the chain-type high-voltage main channel 1 to the chain confluence channel 3 and taking away the heat, which is defined as the second-level heat transfer and heat dissipation.

[0052] The chain-type confluence channel 3 of this embodiment includes a first flow channel outlet 301, a second chain-type flow channel 302, an elliptical through hole 104, a semi-elliptical through hole 105, a second circular through hole 303 and an arc rib layer 107; the first flow channel outlet 301 is arranged along the X direction of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery 5 module with the chain-type high-voltage main flow channel 1, and the first chain-type flow channel 102 is arranged inside the cavity of the chain-type confluence channel 3; the elliptical through hole 104, the semi-elliptical through hole 105 and the second circular through hole 303 are arranged on the chain-type high-voltage main flow channel 1. The projections of the elliptical through holes 104, the semi-elliptical through holes 105 and the first circular through holes 106 corresponding to the flow channel 1; one side of the chain confluence channel 3 is connected to the elliptical through holes 104 and the semi-elliptical through holes 105 opened in the lotus root-shaped branch channel 2, and the other side is bonded to the temperature compensation plate 6, and the arc rib layer 107 is coated with heat-absorbing material and bonded to the cylindrical lithium-ion battery 5; the chain confluence channel 3 has the function of gathering the liquid medium from the first flow channel outlet 301 to the reflux heating pump 9, which is defined as the third level of heat transfer and heat dissipation.

[0053] The shuttle-shaped shrinkage and expansion channel 8 of this embodiment includes a shuttle-shaped flexible membrane 801, a first circular through hole interface 802 and a second circular through hole interface 803; the shuttle-shaped shrinkage and expansion channel 8 is a shuttle-shaped structure, which is equivalent to the configuration of two identical bottoms of a truncated cone put together, and is placed inside the circular through hole 201 of the lotus root-shaped diversion channel 2; the first circular through hole interface 802 of the shuttle-shaped shrinkage and expansion channel 8 is connected to the pressure-sensitive diversion valve 7 at the first circular through hole 106, and the second circular through hole interface 803 at the other end is connected to the second circular through hole 303 of the chain-type confluence channel 3; the shuttle-shaped flexible membrane 801 is arranged in the middle section of the shuttle-shaped shrinkage and expansion channel 8, and one end is connected to A first circular through hole interface 802 is connected at one end of the shuttle-shaped expansion and contraction channel 8, and the other end is connected to a second circular through hole interface 803 of the shuttle-shaped expansion and contraction channel 8. The shuttle-shaped flexible membrane 801 has a density of 1000 kg / m³, a Young's modulus between 100 kPa and 10 MPa, a thickness within 0.3 mm, and excellent heat resistance. It can expand or contract according to the pressure of the liquid cooling medium according to the temperature changes of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery 5. The shuttle-shaped flexible membrane 801 has dynamic volume changes, adjusting the surface temperature of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery 5 in contact, and is defined as the fourth level of heat transfer and heat dissipation.

[0054] The temperature compensation plate 6 of this embodiment includes a second flow channel inlet 601, a second flow channel outlet 602, an arc rib layer 107 and a spoiler 603; the second flow channel inlet 601 is arranged on the same side as the first flow channel outlet 301 of the chain-type confluence channel 3, and the second flow channel outlet 602 is arranged on the same side as the first flow channel inlet 101 of the chain-type high-pressure main channel 1; the spoiler 603 is arranged inside the cavity of the temperature compensation plate 6, and its center position is the positive projection of the second circular through hole interface 803 of the shuttle-shaped expansion and contraction flow channel 8, which plays a role in reducing the adhesion of the liquid cooling medium to the wall surface; the arc rib layer 107 is on the side of the temperature compensation plate 6, coated with a heat-absorbing material and in contact with at least one cylindrical lithium-ion battery 5; the flow direction of the liquid cooling medium in the temperature compensation plate 6 is opposite to the flow direction of the liquid cooling medium in the chain-type confluence channel 3, which plays a role in temperature uniformity and is defined as the fifth level of heat transfer and heat dissipation.

[0055] like Figure 12 As shown, this embodiment also provides a chain-type lotus root-like thermal management flow channel 3D control method, which involves control elements and actuators, including a pressure-sensitive diverter valve 7, a shuttle-shaped flexible membrane 801, a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and a controller module 4.

[0056] The pressure-sensitive diverter valve 7 of this embodiment is arranged inside the chain-type high-pressure main channel 1, near the side of the tab of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery 5; the shuttle-shaped flexible membrane 801 is arranged in the circular through hole 201 of the lotus-root-shaped diverter channel 2, one end of which is connected to the first circular through hole interface 802 of the shuttle-type shrinkage and expansion channel 8, and the other end is connected to the second circular through hole interface 803 of the shuttle-type shrinkage and expansion channel; temperature sensors are arranged at multiple extended card slots 103 of the chain-type high-pressure main channel 1 to collect the temperature of each cylindrical lithium-ion battery 5; and a pressure sensor is arranged at the shuttle-shaped flexible membrane 801 near the first circular through hole 106 of the chain-type high-pressure main channel 1 to obtain the pressure value of the inlet flow of the shuttle-shaped flexible membrane 801.

[0057] In this embodiment, the controller module 4 is disposed on the side of the chain-type high-voltage main channel 1 near the tab of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery 5. The temperature sensor and pressure sensor can collect data from each cylindrical lithium-ion battery 5 and transmit it to the controller module 4 for analysis. The opening of the pressure-sensitive diverter valve 7 is adjusted individually, thereby changing the expansion degree of the shuttle-shaped flexible membrane 801 in different regions. When the shuttle-shaped flexible membrane 801 is exposed to different temperatures of the surrounding lithium-ion battery cells 5, the shuttle-shaped flexible membrane (contracted state) 8011 and the shuttle-shaped flexible membrane (expanded state) 8012 are deformed, removing different surface heat from the cylindrical lithium-ion battery 5. A feedback and negative feedback regulation mechanism is formed in the controller module 4 to comprehensively improve the operating environment temperature of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery 5.

[0058] like Figure 12As shown, the present invention also provides a chain-type lotus root-shaped thermal management flow channel 3D control method, which sets the optimal operating temperature range Td≤T≤Tg of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery 5, collects the maximum temperature of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery 5 in the single working state as Tnmax, and the minimum temperature of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery 5 in the single working state as Tnmin, and uses the range value R between the maximum temperature Tnmax and the minimum temperature Tnmin to represent the temperature uniformity of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery 5 module; collects the pressure sensor value Pn at the end of the shuttle-shaped flexible membrane 801 near the first circular through hole 106 of the chain-type high-pressure main flow channel 1, and sets the safety range as Pd≤P≤Pg. The operation method is as follows:

[0059] S1: The cylindrical lithium-ion battery 5 starts working, the controller module 4 is started, the temperature sensor collects the real-time temperature Tn of each cylindrical lithium-ion battery 5, and the pressure sensor collects the pressure value Pn of each shuttle-shaped flexible membrane 801 port.

[0060] S2: Determine the real-time temperature Tn of each cylindrical lithium-ion battery 5 and the optimal operating temperature range Td≤T≤Tg and R.

[0061] S3: Determine whether the pressure value Pn at the port of each shuttle-shaped flexible membrane 801 and the safety range are Pd≤P≤Pg.

[0062] S31: If Td≤Tn≤Tg and R≤5, it is the optimal operating temperature state of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery 5. The liquid cooling medium in the chain high-pressure main channel 1 flows from the first channel inlet 101 through the first chain channel 102, and vertically passes through the elliptical through hole 104 and the semi-elliptical through hole 105 in the lotus root-shaped diversion channel 2 to the chain confluence channel 3, and finally is discharged from the first channel outlet 301 of the chain confluence channel 3. The controller module 4 controls the opening of each pressure-sensitive diversion valve 7, and measures that the pressure sensor value Pn at the end of the shuttle-shaped flexible membrane 801 is within the range Pd≤P≤Pg, which meets the thermal management requirements.

[0063] S32: If Tn>Tg and R≤5, the operating temperature is too high, which will affect the lithium ion activity of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery 5. At this time, the controller module 4 should control the opening of each pressure-sensitive diverter valve 7, increase the expansion degree of the shuttle-shaped flexible membrane 801, increase the area of ​​the side wall of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery 5 contacted by the shuttle-shaped flexible membrane 801, and combine the parameters of the pressure sensor to feedback and adjust the opening of the pressure-sensitive diverter valve so that the pressure sensor value Pn is within the range of Pd≤P≤Pg. The temperature compensation plate 6 increases the fluid flow of the liquid medium to take away more heat.

[0064] S33: If Tn<Td and R≤5, the operating temperature is too low, which will affect the lithium ion activity of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery 5. At this time, the controller module 4 should control the opening of each pressure-sensitive diverter valve 7 to reduce the expansion of the shuttle-shaped flexible membrane 801 and reduce the area of ​​the side wall of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery 5 that the shuttle-shaped flexible membrane 801 contacts. At the same time, the reflux heating pump 9 will heat the liquid medium so that the liquid medium at the first flow channel inlet 101 of the chain-type high-pressure main channel 1 is in a preheated state, and the feedback is fed back to the controller module 4. Combined with the pressure sensor value Pn in the range of Pd≤P≤Pg, the opening of the pressure-sensitive diverter valve 7 is comprehensively adjusted to ensure that the operating temperature of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery 5 is in an optimal state.

[0065] S34: If Pd≤Pn≤Pg, the pressure of the shuttle-shaped flexible membrane 801 is in a safe range. The liquid cooling medium in the chain high-pressure main channel 1 flows from the first channel inlet 101 through the first chain channel 102, and vertically passes through the elliptical through hole 104 and the semi-elliptical through hole 105 in the lotus root-shaped diversion channel 2 to the chain confluence channel 3, and finally is discharged from the first channel outlet 301 of the chain confluence channel 3. The controller module 4 controls the opening of each pressure-sensitive diversion valve 7 to meet the pressure requirement of the shuttle-shaped flexible membrane 801 port. At this time, combined with the temperature sensor parameters, the operating temperature of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery 5 is in the optimal state.

[0066] S35: If Pn≤Pd, it indicates that the inlet pressure at the end of the shuttle-shaped flexible membrane 801 is relatively low. While maintaining the operating temperature of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery 5 within the range of Td≤Tn≤Tg and R≤5, the opening of the partial pressure-sensitive diverter valve 7 can be appropriately increased. At the same time, the reflux heating pump 9 will heat the liquid medium so that the liquid medium at the first flow channel inlet 101 of the chain-type high-pressure main channel 1 is in a preheated state.

[0067] S36: If Pg≤Pn, it indicates that the inlet pressure of the shuttle-shaped flexible membrane 801 is relatively high. While maintaining the operating temperature of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery 5 within the range of Td≤Tn≤Tg and R≤5, the opening of the pressure-sensitive diverter valve 7 can be appropriately reduced, and the feedback is sent to the temperature sensor to comprehensively adjust the pressure value Pn to the range of Pd≤Pn≤Pg.

[0068] S37: If R>5, the operating temperature of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery cells 5 is uneven, which will affect the overall performance of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery 5 module. At this time, the controller module 4 can control the opening of the pressure-sensitive diverter valve 7 on a cell-by-cell basis according to the maximum temperature Tnmax and the minimum temperature Tnmin of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery cells 5, thereby adjusting the expansion degree of each shuttle-shaped flexible membrane 801. When Pn≤Pg, the shuttle-shaped flexible membrane 801 shrinks and expands to varying degrees, thereby changing the area of ​​at least one side wall of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery 5 contacted by the shuttle-shaped flexible membrane 801. The temperature of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery 5 module is controlled in different regions, reducing the temperature difference between the operating temperatures of each cylindrical lithium-ion battery 5 and ensuring that it is in a safe working state.

[0069] Wherein, Td is the minimum temperature set for each cylindrical lithium-ion battery 5, Tg is the maximum temperature set for each cylindrical lithium-ion battery 5, Tn is the real-time temperature of each cylindrical lithium-ion battery 5 collected by the temperature sensor, Tnmax is the maximum temperature of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery 5 in the real-time working state, Tnmin is the minimum temperature of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery 5 in the real-time working state, and the extreme value R is the difference between the maximum temperature Tnmax and the minimum temperature Tnmin.

[0070] Among them, Pd is the minimum pressure value set at the liquid medium inlet end of the shuttle-shaped flexible membrane 801, Pg is the maximum pressure value set at the liquid medium inlet end of the shuttle-shaped flexible membrane 801, and Pn is the real-time pressure value of the liquid medium inlet end of the shuttle-shaped flexible membrane 801.

[0071] In this embodiment, a chain-type lotus root-shaped thermal management flow channel 3D control method is provided. When the battery cells are operating, the temperature sensor can collect the ambient temperature of a single cylindrical lithium-ion battery 5, monitor the temperature changes of each battery cell, transmit the information to the controller module 4 in combination with the parameters of the pressure sensor, and promptly adjust the opening of the pressure-sensitive diverter valve 7, thereby controlling the expansion degree of the shuttle-shaped flexible membrane 801 in different regions and improving the uniformity of the operating temperature of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery 5.

Claims

1. A chain-type lotus root-like thermal management channel device, characterized by: The device includes a 3D-printed integrated flow channel, a controller module, a pressure-sensitive diverter valve, a reflux heating pump, a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a temperature compensation plate, and a shuttle-shaped flexible membrane; the 3D-printed integrated flow channel includes a chain-type high-pressure main flow channel, a lotus-shaped diverter channel, a chain-type confluence channel, and a shuttle-shaped expansion and contraction flow channel; a cylindrical lithium-ion battery module consisting of two rows of cylindrical lithium-ion battery cells is respectively embedded in the arc rib layer on both sides of the 3D-printed flow channel; The pressure-sensitive diverter valve is arranged on one side of the chain-type high-pressure main channel near the end of the pole ear of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery, and its axis coincides with the axis of the first circular through hole on the chain-type high-pressure main channel; the temperature compensation plate is placed between the two chain-type confluence channels to perform temperature uniformity treatment on the cylindrical lithium-ion battery; the first circular through hole interface at one end of the shuttle-type shrinkage and expansion channel is connected to the pressure-sensitive diverter valve at the first circular through hole, and the second circular through hole interface at the other end is connected to the second circular through hole of the chain-type confluence channel; the shuttle-shaped flexible membrane is arranged in the middle section of the shuttle-type shrinkage and expansion channel, one end of which is connected to the first circular through hole interface of the shuttle-type shrinkage and expansion channel, and the other end is connected to the second circular through hole interface of the shuttle-type shrinkage and expansion channel; the reflux heating pump is arranged at the first channel inlet of the chain-type high-pressure main channel and the chain confluence The first flow channel outlet end of the channel is connected to the chain high-pressure main channel, the chain confluence channel and the flow channel inlets and outlets of the temperature compensation plate to heat or cool the liquid cooling medium in a circulation manner; the temperature sensor is arranged at multiple extension slots of the chain high-pressure main channel to collect the temperature of each cylindrical lithium-ion battery cell; the pressure sensor is arranged at the first round through hole of the shuttle-shaped flexible membrane close to the chain high-pressure main channel to obtain the pressure value of the shuttle-shaped flexible membrane inlet flow; the controller module is arranged on the side of the chain high-pressure main channel close to the cylindrical lithium-ion battery tab. The controller module controls the opening of each pressure-sensitive diverter valve in combination with the temperature sensor and pressure sensor parameters, and adjusts the expansion degree of each shuttle-shaped flexible membrane to meet the thermal management requirements of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery; The chain-type high-pressure main channel, lotus-root-shaped branch channel, chain-type confluence channel, and shuttle-shaped expansion channel are integrally manufactured by 3D printing; the liquid cooling medium flows from the chain-type high-pressure main channel to the lotus-root-shaped branch channel to the chain-type confluence channel, performing three-dimensional thermal management on the cylindrical lithium-ion battery; The chain-type high-voltage main channel is placed along the X direction of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery module and is distributed in an array in the Y direction of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery module. The cylindrical lithium-ion batteries are staggered on both sides of the chain-type high-voltage main channel. One end of the lotus-root-shaped diverter channel is connected to the chain-type high-voltage main channel, and an elliptical through-hole channel and a semi-elliptical through-hole channel are formed inside. The other end is connected to the chain-type confluence channel. The chain-type high-voltage main channel, the lotus-root-shaped diverter channel, and the chain-type confluence channel are symmetrically arranged along the middle cross-section of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery perpendicular to the axis, and the temperature compensation plate is sandwiched between the two chain-type confluence channels. The chain-type high-voltage main channel, lotus-root-shaped branch channel, chain-type confluence channel and the side surface of the temperature compensation plate are in contact with at least one cylindrical lithium-ion battery cell, and perform heat dissipation treatment on the cylindrical lithium-ion battery module.

2. The chain-type lotus root-like thermal management channel device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chain-type high-pressure main channel includes a first channel inlet, a first chain channel, an extended card slot, a pressure-sensitive diverter valve, an elliptical through hole, a semi-elliptical through hole, a first circular through hole and an arc rib layer; the first channel inlet is arranged at one end along the length X direction of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery module, the first chain channel extends along the length X direction of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery module, and a first chain channel cavity is formed inside the first chain channel for the flow of liquid cooling medium; the extended card slot is arranged at the end of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery ear, constraining the cylindrical lithium-ion battery to move in a non-Y direction. Loose upward; the elliptical through hole and the semi-elliptical through hole are placed between the two cylindrical lithium-ion battery cells, and correspond to the positions of the elliptical through hole and the semi-elliptical through hole on the lotus root-shaped diverter channel; the first circular through hole is arranged on the side of the chain-type high-voltage main channel away from the cylindrical lithium-ion battery, and its axis coincides with the center of gravity of the triangle formed by the tabs of the three cylindrical lithium-ion battery cells, and the first circular through hole is engaged with the first circular through hole interface of the shuttle-type shrinkage and expansion channel; the arc rib layer is coated with a heat-absorbing material and is bonded to the cylindrical lithium-ion battery.

3. The chain-type lotus root-like thermal management channel device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lotus-root-shaped shunt channel includes an elliptical through hole, a semi-elliptical through hole, a circular through hole and an arc rib layer; the elliptical through hole and the semi-elliptical through hole are placed between two cylindrical lithium-ion battery cells; the circular through hole is set in the cavity formed by the three cylindrical lithium-ion battery cells, and its axis coincides with the axis of the first circular through hole; the elliptical through hole and the circular through hole are distributed in an interval form along the direction of the first chain flow channel; the side of the lotus-root-shaped shunt channel contacts at least one cylindrical lithium-ion battery cell, one end of the circular through hole is connected to the side of the chain high-voltage main channel away from the cylindrical lithium-ion battery tab, and the other end is connected to the side of the chain confluence channel; a liquid cooling medium flows in the length direction of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery inside the lotus-root-shaped shunt channel to perform thermal management on the cylindrical lithium-ion battery.

4. The chain-type lotus root-like thermal management channel device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chain-type confluence channel includes a first flow channel outlet, a second chain-type flow channel, an elliptical through hole, a semi-elliptical through hole, a second circular through hole and an arc rib layer; the first flow channel outlet is arranged along the X direction of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery module with the chain-type high-voltage main flow channel, and the second chain-type flow channel is arranged inside the cavity of the chain-type confluence channel; the elliptical through hole, the semi-elliptical through hole and the second circular through hole are arranged at the projections of the elliptical through hole, the semi-elliptical through hole and the first circular through hole corresponding to the chain-type high-voltage main flow channel; one side of the chain-type confluence channel is connected to the elliptical through hole and the semi-elliptical through hole of the lotus root-shaped diversion channel, and the other side is bonded to the temperature compensation plate, and the arc rib layer is coated with a heat-absorbing material and bonded to the cylindrical lithium-ion battery.

5. The chain-type lotus root-like thermal management channel device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shuttle-shaped expansion and contraction flow channel is a shuttle-shaped structure, which is equivalent to the configuration of the two bottoms of two identical frustums put together; the shuttle-shaped expansion and contraction flow channel is placed inside the circular hole of the lotus root-shaped diversion channel, and includes a first circular hole interface, a shuttle-shaped flexible membrane, and a second circular hole interface; the first circular hole interface of the shuttle-shaped expansion and contraction flow channel is connected to the pressure-sensitive diversion valve at the first circular hole, and the second circular hole interface at the other end is connected to the second circular hole of the chain-type confluence channel; the shuttle-shaped flexible membrane is arranged in the middle section of the shuttle-shaped expansion and contraction flow channel, one end of which is connected to the first circular hole interface at one end of the shuttle-shaped expansion and contraction flow channel, and the other end is connected to the second circular hole interface of the shuttle-shaped expansion and contraction flow channel; the shuttle-shaped flexible membrane has a density of 1000kg / m³, a Young's elastic modulus between 100KPa-10MPa, a thickness within 0.3mm, has good heat resistance, and expands or contracts according to the magnitude of the pressure.

6. The chain-type lotus root-like thermal management channel device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature compensation plate includes a second flow channel inlet, a second flow channel outlet, an arc rib layer and a spoiler; the second flow channel inlet is arranged on the same side as the first flow channel outlet of the chain-type confluence, and the second flow channel outlet is arranged on the same side as the first flow channel inlet of the chain-type high-pressure main channel; the spoiler is arranged inside the cavity of the temperature compensation plate, and its center position is the positive projection of the second circular through hole; the side of the temperature compensation plate has an arc rib layer, which contacts at least one cylindrical lithium-ion battery cell, is coated with a heat-absorbing material and is bonded to the cylindrical lithium-ion battery; the flow direction of the liquid cooling medium in the temperature compensation plate is opposite to the flow direction of the liquid cooling medium in the chain-type confluence, which plays a role in temperature uniformity.

7. A method for controlling the thermal management channel of a chain-type lotus root-like thermal management channel device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The method sets the optimal operating temperature range of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery as Td≤T≤Tg, collects the maximum temperature of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery cell in the working state as Tnmax, and the minimum temperature of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery cell in the working state as Tnmin, and uses the range value R between the maximum temperature Tnmax and the minimum temperature Tnmin to represent the temperature uniformity of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery module; collects the value Pn of the pressure sensor at the shuttle-shaped flexible membrane port at the first circular through hole near the chain high-pressure main channel, and sets the safety range as Pd≤P≤Pg; the operation method is as follows: S1: The cylindrical lithium-ion battery starts working, the controller module is started, the temperature sensor collects the real-time temperature Tn of each cylindrical lithium-ion battery, and the pressure sensor collects the pressure value Pn of each shuttle-shaped flexible membrane port; S2: Determine the real-time temperature Tn of each cylindrical lithium-ion battery and its optimal operating temperature range Td≤T≤Tg and R; S3: Determine the pressure value Pn of each shuttle-shaped flexible membrane port and the safety range is Pd≤P≤Pg; S31: If Td≤Tn≤Tg and R≤5, which is the optimal operating temperature state of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery, the liquid cooling medium in the chain high-pressure main channel flows from the first channel inlet through the first chain channel, and vertically passes through the elliptical through-hole channel and the semi-elliptical through-hole channel in the lotus root-shaped diversion channel to the chain confluence channel, and finally is discharged from the first channel outlet of the chain confluence channel. The controller module controls the opening of each pressure-sensitive diversion valve, and the measured value Pn of the shuttle flexible membrane end pressure sensor is within the range of Pd≤P≤Pg, meeting the thermal management requirements; S32: If Tn>Tg and R≤5, the operating temperature is too high, which will affect the lithium ion activity of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery. At this time, the controller module should control the opening of each pressure-sensitive diverter valve, increase the expansion of the shuttle-shaped flexible membrane, and increase the area of ​​the cylindrical lithium-ion battery side wall that the shuttle-shaped flexible membrane contacts. In combination with the parameters of the pressure sensor, feedback is adjusted to adjust the opening of the pressure-sensitive diverter valve so that the pressure sensor value Pn is within the range of Pd≤P≤Pg. The temperature compensation plate increases the fluid flow of the liquid medium to take away more heat. S33: If Tn<Td and R≤5, the operating temperature is too low, which will affect the lithium ion activity of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery. At this time, the controller module should control the opening of each pressure-sensitive diverter valve to reduce the expansion of the shuttle-shaped flexible membrane and the area of ​​the cylindrical lithium-ion battery side wall that the shuttle-shaped flexible membrane contacts. At the same time, the reflux heating pump will heat the liquid medium so that the liquid medium at the inlet of the first flow channel of the chain high-pressure main channel is in a preheated state, and the feedback is fed back to the controller module. Combined with the pressure sensor value Pn within the range of Pd≤P≤Pg, the opening of the pressure-sensitive diverter valve is comprehensively adjusted to ensure that the operating temperature of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery is in an optimal state. S34: If Pd≤Pn≤Pg, the pressure of the shuttle flexible membrane is within a safe range. The liquid cooling medium in the chain high-pressure main channel flows from the first channel inlet through the first chain channel, and vertically passes through the elliptical through-hole channel and the semi-elliptical through-hole channel in the lotus root-shaped diversion channel to the chain confluence channel, and finally is discharged from the first channel outlet of the chain confluence channel. The controller module controls the opening of each pressure-sensitive diversion valve to meet the pressure requirement of the shuttle flexible membrane port. At this time, combined with the temperature sensor parameters, the cylindrical lithium-ion battery is kept at an optimal operating temperature. S35: If Pn≤Pd, it indicates that the inlet pressure of the shuttle-shaped flexible membrane end is low. While maintaining the operating temperature of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery within the range of Td≤Tn≤Tg and R≤5, the opening of some pressure-sensitive diverter valves can be appropriately increased. At the same time, the reflux heating pump will heat the liquid medium so that the liquid medium at the inlet of the first flow channel of the chain high-pressure main flow channel is in a preheated state; S36: If Pg≤Pn, it indicates that the inlet pressure of the shuttle flexible membrane is high. While maintaining the operating temperature of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery within the range of Td≤Tn≤Tg and R≤5, the opening of some pressure-sensitive diverter valves can be appropriately reduced, and the feedback is sent to the temperature sensor to comprehensively adjust the pressure value Pn to within the range of Pd≤P≤Pg; S37: If R>5, the operating temperature of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery cells is uneven, which will affect the overall performance of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery module. In this case, the controller module can control the opening of the pressure-sensitive diverter valve on a cell-by-cell basis according to the maximum temperature Tnmax and the minimum temperature Tnmin of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery cells, thereby adjusting the expansion degree of each shuttle-shaped flexible membrane. When Pn≤Pg, the shuttle-shaped flexible membrane will shrink and expand to varying degrees, thereby changing the area of ​​at least one cylindrical lithium-ion battery side wall contacted by the shuttle-shaped flexible membrane. The temperature of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery module is controlled in different areas, reducing the temperature difference between the operating temperatures of the cylindrical lithium-ion batteries and ensuring that they are in a safe working state. Wherein, Td is the minimum temperature set for each cylindrical lithium-ion battery, Tg is the maximum temperature set for each cylindrical lithium-ion battery, Tn is the real-time temperature of each cylindrical lithium-ion battery collected by the temperature sensor, Tnmax is the maximum temperature of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery cell in the real-time working state, Tnmin is the minimum temperature of the cylindrical lithium-ion battery cell in the real-time working state, and the extreme value R is the difference between the maximum temperature Tnmax and the minimum temperature Tnmin; Among them, Pd is the minimum pressure value set at the liquid medium inlet end of the shuttle-shaped flexible membrane, Pg is the maximum pressure value set at the liquid medium inlet end of the shuttle-shaped flexible membrane, and Pn is the real-time pressure value of the liquid medium inlet end of each shuttle-shaped flexible membrane.

8. The control method of the chain-type lotus root-like thermal management flow channel according to claim 7, characterized in that: The temperature sensor will first analyze the real-time temperature Tn of each cylindrical lithium-ion battery, thereby driving the controller module to make an analysis; the pressure sensor will then analyze the pressure value Pn at the inlet end of the liquid medium of the shuttle-shaped flexible membrane, thereby driving the actuator module to respond; The controller module combines the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor to analyze the real-time temperature Tn, the extreme value R, and the pressure value Pn, and continuously adjusts the value of Pn, giving priority to ensuring that the real-time temperature Tn and the extreme value R are within a reasonable range.

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