A dielectric resonator antenna

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of antennas and relates to a dielectric resonator antenna, which comprises a bottom plate and a dielectric block arranged on the bottom plate; the dielectric block comprises a first part in the shape of a regular quadrangular pyramid, and the lower bottom surface of the first part is arranged at the center of the bottom plate to form a dielectric resonator; the dielectric block further comprises a second part in the shape of a regular quadrangular pyramid; the upper bottom surface of the second part coincides with the upper bottom surface of the first part; the lower bottom surface of the second part has a longer side length than the lower bottom surface of the first part, and the height of the second part is smaller than the height of the first part; a resonant groove recessed towards the first part is arranged on the lower bottom surface of the second part, and the resonant groove is in the shape of a regular cube. The application can be applied to the S wave band, and simultaneously realizes ultra-wideband and light weight.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a dielectric resonator antenna. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the development of miniaturization and integration of communication systems, the system puts forward higher requirements for the performance of the antenna. The working wavelength of the antenna matches the electrical size of the antenna, so in the miniaturized and integrated S-band communication system, most of the existing metal antennas have the following shortcomings: the volume of the antenna used in the S-band communication system is relatively large, the antenna radiation efficiency is low, and the antenna made of metal material is easy to be coupled with other electronic devices in the system, thereby causing electromagnetic interference.

[0003] These technical shortcomings are limited by the performance limit of the traditional metal antenna form, so designing a weak metal material antenna such as a non-metal material antenna helps to solve the above technical problems, and the more mature antenna form in the weak metal material antenna is a dielectric resonator antenna.

[0004] In the prior art, with the rapid development of electronic ceramic materials, dielectric resonators made of dielectric ceramic materials are used as electromagnetic radiation devices, and people pay attention to the dielectric resonator as an antenna. The dielectric resonator antenna is made of dielectric ceramic such as alumina, zirconia, etc., has significant weak metal characteristics, and can greatly reduce the mutual interference with other electronic devices in the electronic system, for example: a classical square dielectric resonator antenna.

[0005] However, most of the existing dielectric resonator antenna designs work at a higher frequency band such as X-band, Ku-band, etc. It is not easy to meet the performance of small size, light weight, ultra-wideband, etc. when applying the dielectric resonator antenna to the S-band communication system, i.e. designing at a lower frequency band such as S-band. SUMMARY

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a dielectric resonator antenna that can be applied to the S-band while realizing ultra-wideband and light weight in view of the above technical problems.

[0007] A dielectric resonator antenna, comprising: a bottom plate and a dielectric block provided on the bottom plate;

[0008] The dielectric block comprises: a first part in the shape of a regular quadrangular pyramid, the lower base of the first part being provided at the center of the bottom plate to form a dielectric resonator.

[0009] In one embodiment, the dielectric block further comprises: a second part in the shape of a regular quadrangular pyramid;

[0010] The upper base of the second part coincides with the upper base of the first part.

[0011] In one embodiment, the lower bottom surface of the second part has a length greater than that of the first part, and the height of the second part is less than that of the first part.

[0012] In one embodiment, the lower bottom surface of the second part is provided with a resonance groove recessed towards the first part, and the resonance groove is a cubic structure.

[0013] In one embodiment, the dielectric block further comprises a third part in a straight quadrangular prism structure.

[0014] One bottom surface of the third part coincides with the upper bottom surface of the first part, and the other bottom surface of the third part coincides with the upper bottom surface of the second part.

[0015] The third part is a hollow shell structure to introduce air medium and form an air resonator.

[0016] In one embodiment, one side surface of the third part is provided with an air groove.

[0017] The air groove is a rectangular strip structure with the length direction parallel to the bottom plate, and the air groove is arranged at a position corresponding to the weakest electric field formed by the third part.

[0018] In one embodiment, the bottom plate comprises a dielectric plate, a floor provided on the upper surface of the dielectric plate, and a microstrip line provided on the lower bottom surface of the dielectric plate.

[0019] The floor is provided with a coupling groove to produce a coupling effect with the dielectric block.

[0020] In one embodiment, the coupling groove is a rectangular strip structure, and the length direction of the coupling groove is parallel to the length direction of the air groove.

[0021] In one embodiment, the microstrip line is a rectangular strip structure, and the length direction of the microstrip line is perpendicular to the length direction of the coupling groove.

[0022] In one embodiment, the dielectric block is made of alumina ceramic material with a purity of 95%.

[0023] The above-mentioned dielectric resonator antenna is an ultra-wideband dielectric resonator antenna applied to the S-band, which can work in the low frequency band, and can meet the performance requirements of small size, light weight, ultra-wideband, high gain, wide beam, etc. of the antenna of the S-band communication system, and solve the electromagnetic crosstalk problem faced by the antenna in the system, and is not easily affected by electromagnetic interference of other electronic equipment or surrounding environment when radiating electromagnetic signals. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1is an overall schematic diagram of a dielectric resonator antenna in one embodiment;

[0025] Figure 2 is a top view of a bottom plate of a dielectric resonator antenna according to one embodiment;

[0026] Figure 3 A bottom view of a bottom plate of a dielectric resonator antenna according to an embodiment;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the electric field intensity distribution of a dielectric resonator antenna before an air slot is provided at 2.4 GHz in one embodiment;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the electric field intensity distribution of a dielectric resonator antenna after an air slot is provided at 2.4 GHz in one embodiment;

[0029] Figure 6 A front-view dimensional diagram of a dielectric block of a dielectric resonator antenna according to an embodiment;

[0030] Figure 7 A side dimensional diagram of a dielectric block of a dielectric resonator antenna according to an embodiment;

[0031] Figure 8 A top-down dimension diagram of a dielectric block of a dielectric resonator antenna according to an embodiment;

[0032] Figure 9 A top-down dimensional drawing of a bottom plate of a dielectric resonator antenna according to one embodiment;

[0033] Figure 10 A bottom-view dimensional drawing of a base plate of a dielectric resonator antenna according to one embodiment;

[0034] Figure 11 A perspective dimension diagram of a bottom plate of a dielectric resonator antenna according to one embodiment;

[0035] Figure 12 FIG1 is a diagram showing S11 simulation results of a dielectric resonator antenna according to an embodiment;

[0036] Figure 13 is a gain diagram of a dielectric resonator antenna in one embodiment;

[0037] Figure 14 is a gain pattern of a dielectric resonator antenna at 2.2 GHz in one embodiment;

[0038] Figure 15 FIG. 4 is a gain pattern of a dielectric resonator antenna at 2.6 GHz in one embodiment.

[0039] Reference numerals:

[0040] Base plate 1, dielectric plate 11, floor 12, microstrip line 13, coupling slot 14;

[0041] Dielectric block 2, first part 21, second part 22, third part 23, resonant slot 24, air slot 25. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present application more clear, the present application is further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific examples described herein are only used to explain the present application and not to limit the present application. Based on the examples in the present application, all other examples obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0043] It should be noted that all directionality indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present application are only used to explain the relative positional relationship, motion condition, etc. between the components in a certain posture (as shown in the drawings), and if the certain posture changes, the directionality indications also change accordingly.

[0044] In addition, the description of "first", "second" and the like in the present application is only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying the relative importance of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features limited by "first" and "second" can explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "multiple groups" is at least two groups, such as two groups, three groups, etc., unless otherwise specifically limited.

[0045] In the present application, unless otherwise specifically defined and limited, the terms "connection", "fixation" and the like should be broadly understood, for example, "fixation" can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integral; can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection, or physical connection or wireless communication connection; can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise specifically limited. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0046] In addition, the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the fact that a person of ordinary skill in the art can realize it, and when the combination of technical solutions appears contradictory or unachievable, it should be considered that the combination of technical solutions does not exist, nor is it within the scope of protection claimed by the present application.

[0047] The present application provides a dielectric resonator antenna, such as Figures 1 to 3The base plate and the dielectric block are shown in one embodiment.

[0048] The base plate is a bearing component and provides a bearing space for the dielectric block.

[0049] The dielectric block is a resonant component and generates a resonant mode as a dielectric resonator.

[0050] The dielectric block is arranged on the base plate and includes a first part. The first part is in a structure of a regular quadrangular pyramid, and a lower bottom surface of the first part is arranged at the center of the base plate to form a dielectric resonator, thereby expanding the bandwidth of the antenna and realizing an ultra-wideband antenna.

[0051] In one embodiment, the dielectric block further includes a second part, that is, the dielectric block includes the first part and the second part. The second part is in a structure of a regular quadrangular pyramid, and an upper bottom surface of the second part coincides with an upper bottom surface of the first part. The increase of the second part enables the dielectric block to form a structure of a middle recess, thereby further improving the bandwidth on the basis of the first part and improving the beam width.

[0052] Preferably, a lower bottom surface of the second part has a longer side length than a lower bottom surface of the first part, and a height of the second part is smaller than a height of the first part, so as to further improve the bandwidth.

[0053] Further preferably, the lower bottom surface of the second part is provided with a resonant groove recessed towards the first part, and the resonant groove is in a structure of a regular cube, so as to change the electric field distribution of the second part, further improve the bandwidth, and reduce the weight of the antenna, thereby realizing the lightness of the antenna. In addition, the resonant groove can also play a role in guiding the assembly and preventing the installation error of the first part and the second part.

[0054] In one embodiment, the dielectric block further includes a third part, that is, the dielectric block includes the first part, the second part, and the third part. The third part is in a structure of a straight quadrangular prism, one bottom surface coincides with the upper bottom surface of the first part, and the other bottom surface coincides with the upper bottom surface of the second part; and the third part is in a hollow shell structure, so as to introduce air medium and form an air resonator, thereby reducing the average dielectric constant of the dielectric block as a whole, making the resonant frequency distribute in a wider range, changing the resonant mode, and expanding the bandwidth. The increase of the third part enables the antenna to form three stacked resonant cavities, thereby generating multiple different resonant frequencies, which are close to each other (adjacent and / or overlapping in frequency bands), can be combined to further improve the bandwidth on the basis of the first part and the second part, make the energy transmission of the three layers more closely, improve the gain, and at the same time, the distribution of the dielectric resonator with a narrow middle and wide sides makes the antenna have the characteristics of a wide beam, a wider pattern, a wider coverage area, a wider electromagnetic wave radiation area, and a lighter weight, thereby further realizing the lightness of the antenna.

[0055] Preferably, an air groove is provided on one side surface of the third part; the air groove is a rectangular strip structure whose length direction is parallel to the bottom plate, and the air groove is provided at the position where the field intensity is weakest in the electric field formed by the corresponding third part, so as to ensure the electric field strength and enable the strong electric field of the third part to extend and distribute in the direction of the first part and the direction of the second part, thereby promoting the coupling degeneration between multiple resonant modes, thereby changing the resonance mode and further expanding the bandwidth without affecting the antenna gain.

[0056] Further preferably, the four corners of the air groove have equal chamfered angles, the air groove is axially symmetrically distributed about the symmetry axis in the vertical direction of the side surface, and the air groove is arranged on the side surface close to the second part, so that the air groove is arranged along the distribution direction of the weak electric field, further changing the resonance mode and facilitating processing.

[0057] like Figure 4 The electric field intensity distribution diagram of the antenna before the air slot is opened at 2.4GHz is shown in the figure. Figure 5 The electric field strength distribution diagram of the antenna after the air slot is added at 2.4 GHz shows that before the air slot is added, the second section produces two electric field extreme points, and the distribution directions are perpendicular to each other. After the air slot is added, the electric field in the third section extends more toward the first and second sections, thus giving the antenna high gain performance.

[0058] In one embodiment, the base plate includes a dielectric plate, a floor, and a microstrip line. The dielectric plate provides a supporting substrate for the floor and the microstrip line. The floor is provided on the upper surface of the dielectric plate and is a fully covered floor to support the dielectric block. The floor is provided with a coupling slot to connect and couple with the dielectric block, that is, to abut and couple with the dielectric block, directing the fed energy to the dielectric block, which is equivalent to a magnetic current element to excite the dielectric block to resonate. The microstrip line is provided on the lower bottom surface of the dielectric plate. The microstrip line has a rectangular strip structure, and the length direction of the microstrip line is perpendicular to the length direction of the coupling slot to ensure the effect of stimulating the coupling slot, making the coupling slot effectively equivalent to a magnetic current element, thereby further exciting the dielectric block to resonate effectively.

[0059] Preferably, the coupling slot is a rectangular strip structure whose center coincides with the center of the dielectric plate, and the length direction of the coupling slot is parallel to the length direction of the air slot to match the distribution of the electric field and achieve ultra-wideband.

[0060] Further preferably, one end of the microstrip line is vertically connected to the midpoint of one side of the dielectric plate, and the other end continues to extend through the midpoint of the dielectric substrate.

[0061] In one embodiment, the dielectric block is made of alumina ceramic material with a purity of 95%, that is, the resonator formed by the first part, the second part and the third part adopts the same alumina ceramic material. The dielectric ceramic material has a high dielectric constant (relative dielectric constant of 9.7) and low loss, and as an undesirable electric wall or magnetic wall, electromagnetic waves incident therein will occur electromagnetic resonance at a corresponding frequency point when the frequency of the electromagnetic waves is appropriate, that is, under specific electromagnetic excitation; at the same time, the alumina ceramic material has significant weak metallic characteristics, so it is not easy to be affected by the surrounding electromagnetic interference when radiating electromagnetic signals; in addition, the entire dielectric block is made of the same material to achieve ultra-wideband, compared with the prior art which uses different dielectric materials to achieve ultra-wideband, the present application has smaller processing difficulty, lower cost, higher convenience and operability.

[0062] The working process of the present application is: the signal enters the floor from the microstrip line, is coupled with the dielectric block through the coupling slot, passes through the first part, the third part and the second part in turn, and is radiated out.

[0063] The above-mentioned dielectric resonator antenna is an ultra-wideband dielectric resonator antenna applied to the S-band, which can work at a low frequency band, and at the same time meets the small size, light weight, ultra-wideband, high gain, wide beam and other performances of the S-band communication system antenna, solves the electromagnetic crosstalk problem faced by the antenna in the system, and is not easy to be affected by the electromagnetic interference of other electronic devices or the surrounding environment when radiating electromagnetic signals.

[0064] In one specific embodiment, the weight of the antenna is only 130.1g, the dielectric block is made of alumina ceramic material with a purity of 95%, the dielectric plate of the bottom plate is made of Rogers RT5880 material, the relative dielectric constant is 2.2, and the floor of the bottom plate is made of copper material.

[0065] As shown in Figures 6 to 11 , the size parameters are:

[0066] The lower bottom length of the first part is l d 34mm, the lower bottom width of the first part is w d 34mm, and the side length of the first part is p d 13.15mm.

[0067] The lower bottom length of the second part is l u 35mm, the lower bottom width of the second part is w u 35mm, and the side length of the second part is p u 5mm.

[0068] the length of the third part l m =24mm, the length of the third part w m =24mm, the height of the third part h m =22mm;

[0069] the length of the resonant slot l n =5mm, the width of the resonant slot w n =5mm, the depth of the resonant slot is 5mm;

[0070] the length of the air slot l r =12mm, the width of the air slot w r =5mm, the fillet radius is 1.5mm, the distance from the midpoint of the air slot to the floor is 22.5mm;

[0071] the length of the dielectric plate L =70mm, the width of the dielectric plate W =70mm, the thickness of the dielectric plate is 1.52mm;

[0072] the length of the coupling slot l a =20mm, the width of the coupling slot w a =4mm;

[0073] the length of the microstrip line l s =45.5mm, the width of the microstrip line w s =4.6mm, the length of the microstrip line beyond the coupling slot s =8.5mm.

[0074] As Figure 12 shown in the simulation results of the antenna design, the antenna S11<-10dB bandwidth is 1.972~3.028GHz, belonging to the S band, and the relative bandwidth reaches 42.24%, which is much larger than the relative bandwidth of more than 25% in the prior art (how to calculate the relative bandwidth belongs to the prior art, which will not be repeated here), that is, the standard of ultra-wideband antenna, which has ultra-wideband performance.

[0075] Figure 13 is the antenna gain curve, it can be seen that the antenna is greater than 6dBi in the working frequency band, and the highest can reach 7dBi, which has high gain characteristics.

[0076] Figure 14 and Figure 15The gain patterns of the antennas at 2.2 GHz and 2.6 GHz are respectively shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, and the 3dB beam width is more than 80°, which has a wide beam performance.

[0077] The contents not described in detail in the specification belong to the prior art known to those skilled in the art.

[0078] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any manner. In order to make the description simple, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described, however, as long as the combinations of the technical features do not contradict, they should be considered as the scope of the present application.

[0079] The above embodiments only express several implementation manners of the present application, and the description is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be understood as a limitation on the patent scope of the present application. It should be pointed out that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present application should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A dielectric resonator antenna, characterized in that: include: A bottom plate and a dielectric block disposed on the bottom plate; The dielectric block comprises: a first portion in a regular quadrangular pyramid structure, wherein the lower bottom surface of the first portion is arranged at the center of the bottom plate to form a dielectric resonator; The dielectric block further comprises: a second portion in the form of a regular quadrangular pyramid structure; The side length of the lower base of the second part is greater than the side length of the lower base of the first part, and the height of the second part is less than the height of the first part; A resonance groove is provided on the lower bottom surface of the second part and is recessed toward the first part, wherein the resonance groove is a cube structure; The dielectric block further comprises: a third portion in the form of a right quadrangular prism structure; One bottom surface of the third part coincides with the upper bottom surface of the first part, and the other bottom surface of the third part coincides with the upper bottom surface of the second part; The third part is a hollow shell structure for introducing air medium to form an air resonator.

2. The dielectric resonator antenna according to claim 1, wherein: An air groove is provided on one side of the third part; The air slot is a rectangular strip structure with a length direction parallel to the bottom plate, and the air slot is provided at a position where the field intensity is weakest in the electric field formed by the third part.

3. The dielectric resonator antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom plate includes: a dielectric plate, a floor provided on the upper surface of the dielectric plate, and a microstrip line provided on the lower surface of the dielectric plate; The floor is provided with a coupling groove to produce a coupling effect with the dielectric block.

4. The dielectric resonator antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The coupling slot is a rectangular strip structure, and the length direction of the coupling slot is parallel to the length direction of the air slot.

5. The dielectric resonator antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that: The microstrip line is a rectangular strip structure, and the length direction of the microstrip line is perpendicular to the length direction of the coupling slot.

6. The dielectric resonator antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The dielectric block is made of alumina ceramic material with a purity of 95%.

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