Vector control magnetic suspension motor

Abstract

The invention discloses a vector control magnetic suspension motor, which belongs to the technical field of magnetic suspension motors, and comprises a main body assembly, and the main body assembly comprises two magnetic suspension bearings, a stator core, a control box, a casing, a motor shaft, a PI controller and a current transformer. When the angle of the guide vane is adjusted, the control system of the motor controls the electromagnet to work, the electromagnet attracts the fluted disc, the cooling base rotates along with the motor shaft and drives the guide vane, so that the adjusting gear drives the guide vane to rotate, and the angle of the guide vane can be adjusted at the moment; the flow of air entering the motor can be changed by adjusting the angles of the guide vanes, when the temperature in the motor is high, the flow of air entering the machine shell is increased, when the temperature in the motor is low, the flow of air entering the machine shell is reduced, then the noise level of the motor is lowered, the caused energy loss is reduced, and the overall energy efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a magnetic levitation motor, in particular to a vector-controlled magnetic levitation motor, and belongs to the technical field of magnetic levitation motors. Background Art

[0002] The magnetic levitation motor is a high-speed motor that uses magnetic levitation bearings to make the rotor free of mechanical friction when working, thereby effectively increasing the rotor speed. The magnetic levitation high-speed motor avoids the friction of traditional mechanical bearings. The magnetic levitation technology can achieve long stroke and ultra-precision motion control accuracy.

[0003] The vector control of the motor mainly depends on the accurate measurement and control of the motor stator current vector, and the separate control of the excitation current and torque current based on the field orientation principle. The basic principle of vector control is to control the excitation current and torque current of the asynchronous motor by measuring and controlling the stator current vector of the asynchronous motor, and controlling the excitation current and torque current of the asynchronous motor according to the field orientation principle, so as to achieve the purpose of controlling the torque of the asynchronous motor.

[0004] In a vector-controlled magnetic levitation motor, it is necessary to ensure that the motor maintains an appropriate temperature during operation to avoid performance degradation or failure caused by motor overheating, thereby maintaining the stability and reliability of the vector control system. In the prior art, the heat dissipation of the motor is mainly achieved by setting a guide fan at the end to guide air through the internal gap of the motor. However, this method has the following shortcomings: First, the wind speed cannot be flexibly adjusted according to the actual operating conditions of the motor, which limits the optimization of heat dissipation efficiency to a certain extent. Second, when the motor rotor rotates at high speed, direct contact with the air will induce eddy currents inside the motor, which will not only significantly increase the noise level of the motor, but also cause additional energy loss, reducing the overall energy efficiency of the motor. Therefore, a vector controlled magnetic levitation motor is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a vector-controlled magnetic levitation motor to solve one of the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] The present invention is implemented by the following technical solutions: A vector-controlled magnetic suspension motor comprises a main body component, wherein the main body component comprises two magnetic suspension bearings, a stator core, a control box, a housing, a motor shaft, a PI controller and a current transformer; The front end and rear end of the casing are respectively installed with a front cover and a rear cover, the motor shaft is coaxially rotatably connected to the inside of the front cover and the rear cover through two magnetic bearings, the outer wall of the motor shaft is installed with a rotor, the current transformer and the PI controller are both installed inside a control box, the control box is installed on the outer wall of the casing, the stator core is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the casing, the inside of the stator core is wound with a stator winding, the rotor is located inside the stator core, and a heat dissipation component is installed on the outer side of the motor shaft.

[0007] As a further preferred embodiment of the present technical solution: the heat dissipation assembly includes a heat dissipation seat, a guide vane, a fixing plate, an adjusting gear, a guide column, a toothed plate, a guide sleeve, an electromagnet and a protective cover; The heat sink is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the motor shaft, the guide sleeve is symmetrically fixedly connected to the inside of the heat sink, the rotating shaft of the guide vane is rotatably connected to the inside of the guide sleeve, the adjusting gear is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating shaft of the guide vane, the guide column is symmetrically fixedly connected to the rear surface of the rear end cover, the gear plate is slidably connected to the outer wall of the guide column, the outer wall of the guide column is sleeved with a spring, the fixed plate is fixedly connected to the rear end of the guide column, the electromagnet is evenly fixedly connected to the front surface of the fixed plate, and the rear surface of the rear end cover is fixedly connected to a protective cover.

[0008] As a further preferred embodiment of the present technical solution: the position of the electromagnet corresponds to the position of the toothed disc, the position of the toothed disc corresponds to the position of the adjusting gear, and the shape of the toothed disc matches the shape of the adjusting gear.

[0009] As a further preferred embodiment of the technical solution: one end of the spring presses against the fixed disk, the other end of the spring presses against the gear disk, and the bottom end of the guide vane is located inside the heat sink and fixedly connected to the outer friction disk.

[0010] As a further preferred embodiment of the technical solution: the heat sink is symmetrically fixedly connected to a support seat inside, the support seat is slidably connected to a sliding column inside, the outer wall of the sliding column is sleeved with a tension spring, and the top of the sliding column is fixedly connected to an inner friction disk.

[0011] As a further preferred embodiment of the technical solution: one end of the tension spring is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the sliding column, the other end of the tension spring is fixedly connected to the support seat, and the inner friction disk is fitted with the outer friction disk.

[0012] As a further preferred embodiment of the technical solution: the guide vane is located inside the protective cover, air holes are provided inside the front cover and the rear cover, and a temperature sensor is installed inside the rear cover.

[0013] As a further preferred embodiment of the technical solution: the heat dissipation assembly includes guide blades, guide pipes, ventilation boxes, through grooves and heat conducting sheets; The guide vanes are symmetrically fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the motor shaft, the heat conducting sheet is evenly fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the guide pipe, and the through grooves are evenly opened on the upper surface of the ventilation box.

[0014] As a further preferred embodiment of the technical solution: the air guide pipe is embedded in the interior of the rear end cover, the bottom end of the air guide pipe is connected to the ventilation box, and the ventilation box is installed on the rear surface of the rear end cover.

[0015] As a further preferred embodiment of the present technical solution: the guide vane is located above the ventilation box, a protective cover is installed on the rear surface of the rear end cover, and the protective cover is located outside the guide vane.

[0016] Advantages of the present invention: 1. When adjusting the angle of the guide vane, the control system of the motor controls the electromagnet to work, the electromagnet attracts the toothed disc, the toothed disc slides on the guide column and meshes with the adjusting gear, and the heat sink rotates with the motor shaft, the heat sink drives the guide vane, and thus the adjusting gear drives the guide vane to rotate, and the angle of the guide vane can be adjusted at this time. By adjusting the angle of the guide vane, the air flow entering the motor can be changed. When the temperature inside the motor is high, the air flow entering the casing is increased, and when the temperature inside the motor is low, the air flow entering the casing is reduced, thereby reducing the noise level of the motor, reducing the energy loss caused, and improving the overall energy efficiency; 2. The present invention drives the guide vanes to rotate at high speed through the motor shaft. When the guide vanes rotate, negative pressure is formed above the ventilation box. Air flows into the guide pipe from the top of the guide pipe, and forms heat exchange after entering the interior of the motor. The heat exchange area can be increased by the heat conductive sheet. The air after heat exchange flows out from the through groove on the ventilation box along the guide pipe, thereby realizing the heat dissipation of the motor. Since the external air does not directly contact the air in the motor, no eddy current will be generated, and no additional energy loss will be caused, thereby improving the overall energy efficiency of the motor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a vector-controlled magnetic levitation motor of the present invention; Figure 2It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the main components of the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the installation position of the heat dissipation component of the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of a heat dissipation assembly according to a first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the toothed disc structure of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the guide blade structure of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the disassembly of the heat dissipation assembly structure of the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the installation position of the heat dissipation component according to the second embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a schematic structural diagram of a heat dissipation assembly according to a second embodiment of the present invention; Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the air guide pipe and the ventilation box of the present invention; Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the guide tube and the rear end cover of the present invention.

[0019] In the figure: 101, heat dissipation assembly; 11, heat dissipation seat; 12, guide vane; 13, fixed plate; 14, adjusting gear; 15, guide column; 16, spring; 17, toothed plate; 18, guide sleeve; 19, outer friction plate; 20, support seat; 21, sliding column; 22, tension spring; 23, inner friction plate; 24, electromagnet; 26, protective cover; 27, guide pipe; 28, ventilation box; 29, through groove; 30, heat conductive sheet; 301, main body assembly; 31, front cover; 32, magnetic bearing; 33, rotor; 34, stator winding; 35, stator core; 36, control box; 37, rear cover; 38, temperature sensor; 39, housing; 40, motor shaft; 41, PI controller; 42, current transformer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Embodiment 1 See also Figure 1-Figure 7, the present invention provides a technical solution: a vector-controlled magnetic suspension motor, comprising a main component 301, the main component 301 comprising two magnetic suspension bearings 32, a stator core 35, a control box 36, a housing 39, a motor shaft 40, a PI controller 41 and a current transformer 42; The front end and rear end of the housing 39 are respectively installed with a front cover 31 and a rear cover 37, the motor shaft 40 is respectively connected to the inside of the front cover 31 and the rear cover 37 through two magnetic bearings 32 for coaxial rotation, the outer wall of the motor shaft 40 is installed with a rotor 33, the current transformer 42 and the PI controller 41 are both installed inside the control box 36, the control box 36 is installed on the outer wall of the housing 39, the stator core 35 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing 39, the stator winding 34 is wound inside the stator core 35, and the rotor 33 is located inside the stator core 35; When the magnetic suspension motor is working, the stator winding 34 in the stator core 35 is powered, thereby driving the rotor 33 to rotate, and the rotor 33 drives the motor shaft 40, and the motor shaft 40 rotates through the magnetic suspension bearing 32. The magnetic suspension bearing 32 is set so that the motor shaft 40 does not generate mechanical friction when rotating, thereby increasing the speed of the motor shaft 40. When the motor shaft 40 rotates, it drives the external load, thereby realizing the transmission of force. When implementing vector control on the motor, the following steps are included: Current measurement: using a current transformer 42 to measure the stator current, and converting the measured current signal into a digital signal for subsequent digital signal processing; Field orientation: According to the equivalent circuit and flux equation of the motor, the air gap flux and stator flux of the motor are calculated. Through coordinate transformation, the stator current is converted from the three-phase stationary coordinate system to the two-axis rotating coordinate system, namely the dq coordinate system. In the dq coordinate system, the d-axis component represents the excitation current and the q-axis component represents the torque current. Current control: According to the result of magnetic field orientation, the current components of the d-axis and the q-axis are controlled respectively, and the current is closed-loop controlled using a PI controller 41 to ensure that the actual value of the current is consistent with the expected value; Voltage output: According to the result of current control, the required voltage vector is calculated, and the PWM modulation technology is used to convert the voltage vector into the three-phase voltage output by the inverter. The three-phase voltage output by the inverter is applied to the motor through the motor drive circuit, thereby realizing the control of the motor; Feedback and adjustment: monitor the motor's operating status in real time, including speed and torque, and adjust the current controller's parameters and voltage output according to changes in the operating status to ensure stable operation of the motor; The model of the PI controller 41 is: E-873.1AT; A heat dissipation assembly 101 is installed on the outer side of the motor shaft 40 .

[0022] In the first embodiment, specifically: the heat dissipation assembly 101 includes a heat dissipation seat 11, a guide vane 12, a fixing plate 13, an adjustment gear 14, a guide column 15, a toothed plate 17, a guide sleeve 18, an electromagnet 24 and a protective cover 26; The heat sink 11 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the motor shaft 40, the guide sleeve 18 is symmetrically fixedly connected to the inside of the heat sink 11, the rotating shaft of the guide vane 12 is rotatably connected to the inside of the guide sleeve 18, the adjusting gear 14 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating shaft of the guide vane 12, the guide column 15 is symmetrically fixedly connected to the rear surface of the rear end cover 37, the toothed disc 17 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the guide column 15, the outer wall of the guide column 15 is sleeved with a spring 16, the fixed plate 13 is fixedly connected to the rear end of the guide column 15, the electromagnet 24 is evenly fixedly connected to the front surface of the fixed plate 13, and the rear surface of the rear end cover 37 is fixedly connected with a protective cover 26; The heat dissipation component 101 is used to achieve heat dissipation for the motor. During the heat dissipation process, the angle of the guide blade 12 can be adjusted to control the flow rate of air entering the casing 39. When the temperature inside the motor is high, the flow rate of air entering the casing 39 is increased. When the temperature inside the motor is low, the flow rate of air entering the casing 39 is reduced, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency. When the flow rate of air entering the casing 39 is reduced, the eddy current generated inside the motor can be reduced, thereby reducing the noise level of the motor, reducing additional energy loss, and improving overall energy efficiency.

[0023] In the first embodiment, specifically: the position of the electromagnet 24 corresponds to the position of the toothed disc 17, the position of the toothed disc 17 corresponds to the position of the adjusting gear 14, the shape of the toothed disc 17 is adapted to the shape of the adjusting gear 14, and when adjusting the angle of the guide vane 12, the control system of the motor controls the electromagnet 24 to work, the electromagnet 24 adsorbs the toothed disc 17, the toothed disc 17 slides on the guide column 15 and engages with the adjusting gear 14, and since the heat sink 11 rotates with the motor shaft 40, the heat sink 11 drives the guide vane 12, and therefore the adjusting gear 14 drives the guide vane 12 to rotate, and at this time the angle of the guide vane 12 can be adjusted.

[0024] In the first embodiment, specifically: one end of the spring 16 presses against the fixed disk 13, and the other end of the spring 16 presses against the toothed disk 17. The bottom end of the guide vane 12 is located inside the heat sink 11 and is fixedly connected to the outer friction disk 19. When the adjustment is completed, the electromagnet 24 is powered off. At this time, under the push of the spring 16, the toothed disk 17 is disengaged from the adjustment gear 14.

[0025] In the first embodiment, specifically: the heat sink 11 is symmetrically fixedly connected to the support base 20, the support base 20 is slidably connected to the sliding column 21, the outer wall of the sliding column 21 is sleeved with a tension spring 22, the top of the sliding column 21 is fixedly connected to the inner friction disk 23, one end of the tension spring 22 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the sliding column 21, the other end of the tension spring 22 is fixedly connected to the support base 20, the inner friction disk 23 is fitted with the outer friction disk 19, the sliding column 21 is pulled by the tension spring 22, and the sliding column 21 drives the inner friction disk 23 to fit closely with the outer friction disk 19, thereby limiting the position of the outer friction disk 19, and the position of the guide blade 12 can be limited by the outer friction disk 19, and the position of the guide blade 12 will not be offset when the guide blade 12 rotates with the heat sink 11; When the angle of the guide vane 12 is adjusted, hard friction is generated between the outer friction disk 19 and the inner friction disk 23 .

[0026] In the first embodiment, specifically: the guide vane 12 is located inside the protective cover 26, air holes are opened inside the front cover 31 and the rear cover 37, and a temperature sensor 38 is installed inside the rear cover 37; The temperature inside the motor can be monitored in real time by the temperature sensor 38, and the air holes are provided in the front cover 31 and the rear cover 37 to ensure the flow of gas when the motor is running; The model of the temperature sensor 38 is: TMP75AIDGKT.

[0027] The working principle or structural principle is that when in use, the temperature inside the motor is monitored in real time through the temperature sensor 38. When adjusting the angle of the guide blade 12, the control system of the motor controls the electromagnet 24 to work, and the electromagnet 24 attracts the toothed disc 17. The toothed disc 17 slides on the guide column 15 and meshes with the adjusting gear 14. Since the heat sink 11 rotates with the motor shaft 40, the heat sink 11 drives the guide blade 12, so the adjusting gear 14 drives the guide blade 12 to rotate. At this time, the angle of the guide blade 12 can be adjusted, and the air flow entering the motor can be changed by adjusting the angle of the guide blade 12. When the temperature inside the motor is high, the flow rate of air entering the casing 39 is increased; when the temperature inside the motor is low, the flow rate of air entering the casing 39 is reduced. After the adjustment is completed, the electromagnet 24 is powered off. At this time, under the push of the spring 16, the toothed disc 17 is disengaged from the adjusting gear 14, and the sliding column 21 is pulled by the tension spring 22. The sliding column 21 drives the inner friction disc 23 to fit closely with the outer friction disc 19, thereby limiting the position of the outer friction disc 19. The position of the guide blade 12 is limited by the outer friction disc 19, and the position of the guide blade 12 will not be offset when the heat sink 11 rotates.

[0028] Embodiment 2 See also Figure 8-Figure 11As shown, the heat dissipation assembly 101 includes a guide blade 12, a guide pipe 27, a ventilation box 28, a through slot 29 and a heat conducting sheet 30; The guide blades 12 are symmetrically fixedly connected to the outer wall of the motor shaft 40, the heat conducting sheet 30 is evenly fixedly connected to the outer wall of the guide tube 27, and the through grooves 29 are evenly opened on the upper surface of the ventilation box 28; The heat dissipation component 101 is used to dissipate heat from the motor by means of heat exchange. External air enters the interior of the motor through the air guide tube 27, at which time heat exchange can be performed, and the heat exchange area can be increased by the heat conductive sheet 30.

[0029] In the second embodiment, specifically: the guide pipe 27 is embedded in the interior of the rear end cover 37, the bottom end of the guide pipe 27 is connected to the ventilation box 28, the ventilation box 28 is installed on the rear surface of the rear end cover 37, the guide blade 12 is located above the ventilation box 28, and the rear surface of the rear end cover 37 is installed with a protective cover 26, and the protective cover 26 is located outside the guide blade 12. When the motor is running, the motor shaft 40 drives the guide blade 12 to rotate at a high speed. When the guide blade 12 rotates, a negative pressure is formed above the ventilation box 28, and the air flows into the guide pipe 27 from the top of the guide pipe 27, forms heat exchange after entering the interior of the motor, and then flows out from the through slot 29 on the ventilation box 28, thereby realizing the heat dissipation of the motor.

[0030] Working principle or structural principle, when in use, the motor shaft 40 drives the guide blade 12 to rotate at high speed. When the guide blade 12 rotates, negative pressure is formed above the ventilation box 28, and air flows into the guide tube 27 from the top of the guide tube 27, and forms heat exchange after entering the interior of the motor. The heat exchange area can be increased by the heat conductive sheet 30, and the air after heat exchange flows out from the through groove 29 on the ventilation box 28 along the guide tube 27, thereby realizing the heat dissipation of the motor.

[0031] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vector controlled magnetic levitation motor, characterized in that: The main body assembly (301) comprises two magnetic suspension bearings (32), a stator core (35), a control box (36), a housing (39), a motor shaft (40), a PI controller (41) and a current transformer (42); A front cover (31) and a rear cover (37) are respectively installed at the front and rear ends of the casing (39); the motor shaft (40) is coaxially rotatably connected to the interior of the front cover (31) and the rear cover (37) via two magnetic suspension bearings (32); a rotor (33) is installed on the outer wall of the motor shaft (40); the current transformer (42) and the PI controller (41) are both installed inside a control box (36); the control box (36) is installed on the outer wall of the casing (39); the stator core (35) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the casing (39); a stator winding (34) is wound inside the stator core (35); the rotor (33) is located inside the stator core (35); and a heat dissipation component (101) is installed on the outer side of the motor shaft (40).

2. A vector controlled magnetic levitation motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat dissipation assembly (101) comprises a heat dissipation seat (11), a guide vane (12), a fixing plate (13), an adjustment gear (14), a guide column (15), a toothed plate (17), a guide sleeve (18), an electromagnet (24) and a protective cover (26); The heat sink (11) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the motor shaft (40); the guide sleeve (18) is symmetrically fixedly connected to the inside of the heat sink (11); the rotating shaft of the guide vane (12) is rotatably connected to the inside of the guide sleeve (18); the adjusting gear (14) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating shaft of the guide vane (12); the guide column (15) is symmetrically fixedly connected to the rear surface of the rear end cover (37); the toothed disc (17) is slidably connected to the outer wall of the guide column (15); the outer wall of the guide column (15) is sleeved with a spring (16); the fixed disc (13) is fixedly connected to the rear end of the guide column (15); the electromagnet (24) is evenly fixedly connected to the front surface of the fixed disc (13); and the rear surface of the rear end cover (37) is fixedly connected with a protective cover (26).

3. A vector controlled magnetic levitation motor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The position of the electromagnet (24) corresponds to the position of the toothed disc (17), the position of the toothed disc (17) corresponds to the position of the adjusting gear (14), and the shape of the toothed disc (17) matches the shape of the adjusting gear (14).

4. A vector controlled magnetic levitation motor according to claim 2, characterized in that: One end of the spring (16) presses against the fixed disk (13), and the other end of the spring (16) presses against the toothed disk (17); the bottom end of the guide vane (12) is located inside the heat sink (11) and is fixedly connected to an outer friction disk (19).

5. A vector controlled magnetic levitation motor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The heat sink (11) is symmetrically and fixedly connected to a support seat (20) inside, the support seat (20) is slidably connected to a sliding column (21) inside, the outer wall of the sliding column (21) is sleeved with a tension spring (22), and the top end of the sliding column (21) is fixedly connected to an inner friction disk (23).

6. A vector controlled magnetic levitation motor according to claim 5, characterized in that: One end of the tension spring (22) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the sliding column (21), the other end of the tension spring (22) is fixedly connected to the support seat (20), and the inner friction disc (23) is fitted with the outer friction disc (19).

7. The vector-controlled magnetic levitation motor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The guide vane (12) is located inside the protective cover (26), air holes are provided inside the front cover (31) and the rear cover (37), and a temperature sensor (38) is installed inside the rear cover (37).

8. The vector-controlled magnetic levitation motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat dissipation assembly (101) comprises a guide blade (12), a guide pipe (27), a ventilation box (28), a through groove (29) and a heat conducting sheet (30); The guide blades (12) are symmetrically fixedly connected to the outer wall of the motor shaft (40), the heat conducting sheet (30) is evenly fixedly connected to the outer wall of the guide tube (27), and the through grooves (29) are evenly opened on the upper surface of the ventilation box (28).

9. The vector-controlled magnetic levitation motor according to claim 8, characterized in that: The flow guide pipe (27) is embedded in the interior of the rear end cover (37), the bottom end of the flow guide pipe (27) is connected to the ventilation box (28), and the ventilation box (28) is installed on the rear surface of the rear end cover (37).

10. The vector-controlled magnetic levitation motor according to claim 8, characterized in that: The guide vane (12) is located above the ventilation box (28), and a protective cover (26) is installed on the rear surface of the rear end cover (37), and the protective cover (26) is located outside the guide vane (12).

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