X-ray-based three-dimensional scanning device for ancient documents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of document scanning, and discloses an X-ray-based ancient document three-dimensional scanning device, which comprises an X-ray source module, a detection module, a main control module, a document positioning and supporting module, an ink component identification module, an imaging and three-dimensional reconstruction module and a data storage and processing module, according to the method, damage to document materials caused by physical contact is avoided, and abrasion and tearing of ancient books in the scanning process are greatly reduced; through multi-level scanning, an internal text structure of the ancient book is reconstructed, page-by-page display is realized, and a high-definition text image can be obtained even in a literature closed state; the absorption difference of X-rays on different component materials is utilized to effectively distinguish printing ink and paper, so that the content of ancient books is clear and visible, and the method adapts to different historical ink components; non-contact batch scanning of a large number of literatures is achieved, the digitization requirement of collection ancient book protection is met, and a more convenient access way is provided for researchers.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of document scanning, and in particular relates to a three-dimensional scanning device for ancient books and documents based on X-rays. Background Art

[0002] Document scanning devices, such as book scanners or scanning robots, are electronic devices that use optical technology and digital processing technology to capture and convert text, pictures and other information on paper documents into digital signals. Its main function is to quickly and efficiently convert paper documents into electronic files for easy storage, transmission and reference; however, the physical damage caused by opening and closing scanning to precious ancient books is particularly unsuitable for extremely fragile single documents. Traditional methods cannot obtain the internal content without opening the document.

[0003] Through the above analysis, the problems and defects of the prior art are as follows:

[0004] (1) Opening and closing scanning causes physical damage to precious ancient books, which is especially unsuitable for extremely fragile single documents.

[0005] (2) It is difficult to distinguish between ink and paper.

[0006] (3) Traditional methods cannot obtain internal content without opening the document. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a three-dimensional scanning device for ancient books and documents based on X-rays.

[0008] The present invention is implemented as follows: an X-ray-based three-dimensional scanning device for ancient books and documents comprises:

[0009] X-ray source module, detection module, main control module, document positioning and support module, ink component identification module, imaging and 3D reconstruction module, data storage and processing module;

[0010] An X-ray source module is connected to the main control module and is used to achieve layered scanning of documents by adjusting power and angle using low-energy X-rays;

[0011] A detection module, connected to the main control module, for capturing a tomographic image generated by the transmission X-ray using a detector with high resolution and high sensitivity, including a flat panel detector or an imaging plate;

[0012] The main control module is connected with the X-ray source module, the detection module, the document positioning and support module, the ink component identification module, the imaging and 3D reconstruction module, and the data storage and processing module to control the normal operation of each module;

[0013] The document positioning and support module is connected to the main control module and is used to support the ancient documents stably on the X-ray scanning table. It is equipped with a non-contact bracket to keep the book closed; and the scanning range is accurately positioned by sensors;

[0014] The ink composition recognition module is connected to the main control module and is used to generate contrast images based on the composition differences between ink and paper and the different absorption intensities after X-ray penetration. The device combines artificial intelligence algorithms to identify ink areas and extract text information. It can be trained based on historical data to distinguish the ink characteristics of different historical periods and regions.

[0015] The imaging and 3D reconstruction module is connected to the main control module. The multi-angle scanning images of X-rays can generate the internal 3D model of the document through the computer-aided 3D reconstruction algorithm, clearly showing the content of each page; users can adjust the viewing angle and depth in the subsequent digital processing to obtain the image data of different pages;

[0016] The data storage and processing module is connected to the main control module and is used to store the scanned data in real time through the built-in computer system and process it to generate images; during the processing, image enhancement, noise filtering and artifact removal algorithms are combined.

[0017] Furthermore, the X-ray source module:

[0018] Low-energy X-ray source selection: Use a low-energy, adjustable X-ray source to avoid potential damage to ancient materials; X-ray energy should be within a specific range including 10-30keV; and be regulated to suit documents with different paper materials and ink compositions;

[0019] Dynamic power adjustment: According to the paper thickness and material of the document, the X-ray power is adjusted in real time after being detected by the sensor to ensure that it can penetrate the paper layer and display the ink without excessive penetration causing damage;

[0020] Multi-angle scanning: Design a rotating X-ray generator so that the X-ray beam can penetrate the ancient books at multiple angles, forming multi-angle two-dimensional images to facilitate subsequent three-dimensional reconstruction.

[0021] Furthermore, the detection module:

[0022] High-resolution detector: Use a high-precision flat-panel detector with a resolution of ≥1,000dpi; the detector size must match the size of the ancient book to capture the full-page image;

[0023] Fine-tuning scanning function: The detector should have a fine-tuning function to ensure accurate capture of tomographic images at different depths during the scanning process; by capturing X-ray transmission images at different positions layer by layer, complete page information is formed;

[0024] Resolution and contrast optimization: The detector needs to combine automatic gain control and contrast optimization functions.

[0025] Furthermore, the document positioning and support module:

[0026] Non-contact support design: The protective bracket adopts air suspension or magnetic suspension bracket to ensure that the ancient book remains closed during the scanning process without physical contact;

[0027] Positioning sensor: The bracket is equipped with a laser distance sensor to accurately determine the height and width of the document, automatically adjust the height and angle of the bracket, and ensure that the projection range of the X-ray is always concentrated in the area of ​​the target document;

[0028] Environmental protection: A sealed protective cover is designed around the bracket to provide a constant temperature and humidity microenvironment to prevent the ancient books from being affected by air humidity and temperature changes during the scanning process.

[0029] Furthermore, the ink component identification module:

[0030] Algorithm optimization based on composition differences: Use image processing technology to analyze the different absorption intensities of X-rays by materials of different components; combine with deep learning models to identify ink areas and eliminate paper background interference to achieve separation of ink content;

[0031] The accurate separation of ink and paper components of ancient books can be achieved through the attenuation model of X-rays;

[0032] The X-ray attenuation formula is used to describe the attenuation of X-rays penetrating ancient book paper and ink; the ink area is identified based on the different absorption intensities of X-rays by the material;

[0033] I=I0e -μd

[0034] T: transmitted X-ray intensity, signal intensity detected by the detector;

[0035] I0: the intensity of incident X-rays;

[0036] μ: Linear attenuation coefficient of the material; ink and paper have different attenuation coefficients, which helps to distinguish them;

[0037] d: thickness penetrated by X-rays;

[0038] Historical data training: The algorithm needs to be trained with a large amount of historical document data; model training includes samples of various ink compositions, colors, and thicknesses to adapt to a variety of ancient books;

[0039] Intelligent correction function: automatically adjusts recognition parameters to adapt to different paper thickness, fiber structure and ink distribution.

[0040] Furthermore, the imaging and 3D reconstruction module:

[0041] Multi-angle image processing: image registration of X-ray transmission images at different angles, data fusion using computed tomography (CT) technology, and generation of a three-dimensional model of the ancient book;

[0042] Page-by-page content extraction: Through image layering technology, each page of content in the 3D model is separated for subsequent reading and preservation; users can view the content page by page, and the system provides page numbering and page turning functions;

[0043] Adaptive denoising and artifact removal: The system uses an adaptive denoising algorithm to remove artifacts generated during the scanning process and optimize the imaging effect;

[0044] 3D reconstruction of images scanned from different angles through 3D reconstruction algorithms;

[0045] After acquiring multi-angle X-ray scanning images, Radon transform and back-projection algorithms are used to construct a three-dimensional model of the ancient book; through multi-angle projection data, the structure of each page of the ancient book can be restored;

[0046] The Radon transform is described as:

[0047]

[0048] R θ (t): projection value along angle 0, i.e., X-ray images taken from different angles;

[0049] f9xy): attenuation coefficient distribution function inside the ancient book;

[0050] δ: Diracdelta function, used to mark the attenuation value at a certain position;

[0051] The three-dimensional model of the ancient book is reconstructed by inversely transforming the Radon transform of the projection images at multiple angles using the back-projection algorithm; the back-projection formula is as follows:

[0052] f(x'y)=∫0 π R θ (xcosθ+ysinθ)dθ

[0053] The data storage and processing module:

[0054] Real-time data storage: During the scanning process, data is transmitted to the built-in computer system in real time and stored in a high-speed solid-state drive SSD;

[0055] Post-processing and image optimization: The system automatically performs post-image processing, including image enhancement, noise filtering and edge optimization;

[0056] Secure backup and remote access: Provides cloud backup and access interface for data to ensure data security; users can access scan results through remote devices.

[0057] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for three-dimensional scanning of ancient books and documents based on X-rays, comprising:

[0058] Step 1: Using low-energy X-rays through the X-ray source module to adjust the power and angle to achieve layered scanning of the document;

[0059] Step 2: The detection module uses a detector with high resolution and high sensitivity, including a flat-panel detector or an imaging plate, to capture the tomographic image generated by the transmission X-ray; the main control module uses the document positioning and support module to stably support the ancient document on the X-ray scanning table, equipped with a non-contact bracket to keep the book closed; and the sensor accurately locates the scanning range;

[0060] Step 3: The ink composition recognition module generates a contrast image based on the composition difference between ink and paper and the difference in absorption intensity after X-ray penetration. The device combines artificial intelligence algorithms to identify ink areas and extract text information. It can be trained based on historical data to distinguish ink characteristics in different historical periods and regions.

[0061] Step 4: The multi-angle scanning images of X-rays can be used in the imaging and 3D reconstruction module to generate an internal 3D model of the document through a computer-assisted 3D reconstruction algorithm, clearly showing the content of each page; users can adjust the viewing angle and depth during subsequent digital processing to obtain image data of different pages;

[0062] Step 5, the scanned data will be stored in real time through the built-in computer system through the data storage and processing module, and processed to generate images; during the processing, image enhancement, noise filtering and artifact removal algorithms are combined.

[0063] Another object of the present invention is to provide a computer device, which includes a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the processor executes the steps of the X-ray-based three-dimensional scanning method of ancient books and documents.

[0064] Another object of the present invention is to provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, enables the processor to perform the steps of the X-ray-based three-dimensional scanning method of ancient books and documents.

[0065] Another object of the present invention is to provide an information data processing terminal, which is used to implement the X-ray-based three-dimensional scanning device for ancient books and documents.

[0066] In combination with the above technical solutions and the technical problems solved, the advantages and positive effects of the technical solutions to be protected by the present invention are as follows:

[0067] First, in view of the technical problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, some creative technical effects are brought about after solving the problems. The specific description is as follows:

[0068] Protective scanning: Using low-energy X-rays and non-contact support modules, the risk of direct damage to ancient book materials is reduced, achieving contactless digitization.

[0069] High-resolution reconstruction: The generated 3D model uses multi-angle scanning and image processing technology to show the details inside the ancient book, and has the functions of page-by-page viewing and three-dimensional restoration.

[0070] High-definition content presentation: Through denoising, artifact removal and contrast optimization, clear ink presentation is achieved, effectively distinguishing between paper and ink, and improving content readability.

[0071] Digital protection and sharing: Data storage and cloud backup enable permanent preservation and remote sharing of ancient books, which is beneficial to academic research and document protection.

[0072] Technical issues solved

[0073] 1. Avoid damage to ancient books: This solves the problem of physical damage to ancient books caused by traditional opening and closing scanning, and is particularly suitable for extremely fragile and precious documents.

[0074] 2. Non-contact ink recognition: Based on the difference in X-ray component absorption, it breaks through the problem that traditional visible light scanning is difficult to distinguish between ink and paper.

[0075] 3. Three-dimensional restoration of the internal contents of ancient books: Through 3D reconstruction technology, the problem of being unable to view the inner pages in a closed state is solved, providing a new digital means for ancient book research.

[0076] Second, the X-ray-based three-dimensional scanning device for ancient books and documents of the present invention solves the problem that traditional technology cannot effectively and losslessly obtain the text and image content inside ancient books in industrial applications, and provides a revolutionary method for the digital protection and restoration of documents.

[0077] 1) Technical problems solved

[0078] Traditional digitization of ancient books and documents relies on direct page turning and high-resolution photography, which inevitably damages precious and fragile documents. Due to the aging of the paper and binding structure of ancient books, direct contact or turning can cause them to break or deform, affecting subsequent preservation. At the same time, due to the different layers and densities of paper, traditional methods are difficult to achieve a clear presentation of the internal content of the document, especially the middle part of a heavily bound book. Existing scanning equipment is also limited in imaging under dense scanning or high-precision resolution requirements, making it difficult to accurately capture each layer of pages.

[0079] 2) Significant technological progress

[0080] The present invention combines X-ray scanning with multi-angle imaging to avoid direct contact with ancient books and achieve non-invasive three-dimensional scanning. This method not only ensures the complete and lossless imaging of each page, but also generates a three-dimensional model of the document through three-dimensional reconstruction technology, allowing users to virtually flip through ancient books. Specific technical advances include:

[0081] Non-invasive scanning: Low-energy X-rays are used to penetrate paper in layers, achieving non-contact imaging of the contents of each layer of pages and reducing physical damage to the documents.

[0082] Fine imaging and 3D reconstruction: Multi-angle images captured by high-resolution detectors are processed by 3D reconstruction algorithms to form a clear content model of each page, and users can freely adjust the angle and depth.

[0083] Ink recognition and text extraction: Based on the differences in X-ray absorption characteristics and AI recognition algorithms, the system can automatically distinguish between ink and paper, extract text content, enhance the restoration effect of ancient book content, and provide recognition support for ink characteristics of different historical periods and regions.

[0084] 3) Value in digital protection and cultural heritage

[0085] The present invention enables libraries, museums, humanities and social science research institutes and other institutions to effectively protect and display precious documents. It not only solves the problem of blurred content and loss during scanning, but also provides a new technical approach for the digital protection and inheritance of cultural heritage. At the same time, the technology can be extended to the protection of various precious cultural relics and documents, and has significant practicality and innovation in industrial applications. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0086] Figure 1 It is a structural block diagram of an ancient book and document stereoscopic scanning device based on X-rays provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0087] Figure 2 It is a flow chart of a method for implementing an X-ray source module provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0088] Figure 3 It is a flow chart of the X-ray based three-dimensional scanning method of ancient books and documents provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0089] Figure 1 In: 1. X-ray source module; 2. Detection module; 3. Main control module; 4. Document positioning and support module; 5. Ink component identification module; 6. Imaging and 3D reconstruction module; 7. Data storage and processing module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0090] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0091] like Figure 1 As shown, an X-ray-based ancient book and document three-dimensional scanning device provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0092] X-ray source module 1, detection module 2, main control module 3, document positioning and support module 4, ink component identification module 5, imaging and three-dimensional reconstruction module 6, data storage and processing module 7.

[0093] An X-ray source module 1 is connected to a main control module 3 and is used to achieve layered scanning of documents by adjusting power and angle using low-energy X-rays;

[0094] The detection module 2 is connected to the main control module 3 and is used to capture the tomographic image generated by the transmission X-ray using a detector with high resolution and high sensitivity, including a flat panel detector or an imaging plate;

[0095] The main control module 3 is connected with the X-ray source module 1, the detection module 2, the document positioning and support module 4, the ink component identification module 5, the imaging and three-dimensional reconstruction module 6, and the data storage and processing module 7, and is used to control the normal operation of each module;

[0096] The document positioning and supporting module 4 is connected to the main control module 3 and is used to stably support the ancient documents on the X-ray scanning table and is equipped with a non-contact bracket to keep the book closed; and the scanning range is accurately positioned by a sensor;

[0097] The ink composition identification module 5 is connected to the main control module 3 and is used to generate a contrast image based on the difference in composition between the ink and the paper and the difference in absorption intensity after X-ray penetration; the device combines artificial intelligence algorithms to identify the ink area and thus extract text information; it can be trained based on historical data to distinguish the ink characteristics of different historical periods and regions;

[0098] The imaging and three-dimensional reconstruction module 6 is connected to the main control module 3, and is used for the multi-angle scanning images of X-rays to generate an internal 3D model of the document through a computer-aided three-dimensional reconstruction algorithm, clearly showing the content of each page; the user can adjust the viewing angle and depth during the subsequent digital processing to obtain the image data of different pages;

[0099] The data storage and processing module 7 is connected to the main control module 3 and is used to store the scanned data in real time through the built-in computer system and process it to generate an image; during the processing, image enhancement, noise filtering and artifact removal algorithms are combined.

[0100] The X-ray-based ancient book and document three-dimensional scanning device of the present invention realizes scanning, imaging and three-dimensional reconstruction of the content of the book without opening the book through the cooperation of a series of modules, providing a new method for the digital preservation of ancient books and documents.

[0101] First, the X-ray source module adjusts the power and angle of the X-rays to penetrate the ancient books and documents in layers with low-energy X-rays. The module generates multi-angle ray transmission during the scanning process to ensure accurate imaging at different layers of the paper. This feature allows the X-ray intensity to be adjusted to reduce potential damage to fragile ancient books while effectively penetrating different materials.

[0102] Secondly, the detection module uses high-resolution and high-sensitivity detectors (such as flat-panel detectors or imaging plates) to capture tomographic images after X-ray penetration. The precise capture and high sensitivity of the detection module ensure the detailed layering of the scanned image, so that the content of each page is presented independently and clearly, and provides rich data for subsequent 3D reconstruction.

[0103] Next, the ink composition recognition module uses the different characteristics of X-ray absorption to distinguish the composition differences between ink and paper. The module combines artificial intelligence algorithms to analyze images of different absorption intensities, automatically identifies ink areas and extracts text information. By learning from historical data, the recognition module can distinguish the characteristics of inks in different historical periods and regions, which helps to restore and identify text in ancient books.

[0104] In addition, the imaging and 3D reconstruction module processes multi-angle scanned images into 3D models of ancient books and documents through 3D reconstruction algorithms. This module can accurately display the page structure inside the ancient books, and users can flexibly adjust the viewing angle and depth in the subsequent digitization process to selectively extract the image data of the required pages. This function provides important support for the lossless digitization and multi-level research of ancient books.

[0105] To ensure the accuracy and stability of the document scanning process, the document positioning and support module uses a non-contact bracket and precision sensors to position the ancient books. The module supports the book to remain closed on the scanning table to reduce the physical pressure on the ancient book and ensure that the position of each page is accurate during scanning, so that the scanned data is clear and stable.

[0106] Finally, the data storage and processing module uses the built-in computer system to store and process the scanned data in real time. Combined with image enhancement, noise filtering and artifact removal algorithms, the module optimizes image quality and provides clear image output for subsequent analysis. This module provides an efficient and reliable solution for the long-term preservation and use of ancient book data through standardized storage and enhancement technology.

[0107] like Figure 2 As shown, the X-ray source module provided by the embodiment of the present invention:

[0108] S101, Low-energy X-ray source selection: Use a low-energy, adjustable X-ray source to avoid potential damage to ancient materials; X-ray energy should be within a specific range including 10-30keV; and be adjusted to suit documents with different paper materials and ink compositions;

[0109] S102, dynamic power adjustment: according to the paper thickness and material of the document, the X-ray power is adjusted in real time after being detected by the sensor to ensure that it can penetrate the paper layer and display the ink without excessive penetration causing damage;

[0110] S103, multi-angle scanning: design a rotating X-ray generator so that the X-ray beam can penetrate the ancient books at multiple angles, forming multi-angle two-dimensional images to facilitate subsequent three-dimensional reconstruction.

[0111] The detection module provided by the embodiment of the present invention:

[0112] High-resolution detector: Use a high-precision flat-panel detector with a resolution of ≥1,000dpi; the detector size must match the size of the ancient book to capture the full-page image;

[0113] Fine-tuning scanning function: The detector should have a fine-tuning function to ensure accurate capture of tomographic images at different depths during the scanning process; by capturing X-ray transmission images at different positions layer by layer, complete page information is formed;

[0114] Resolution and contrast optimization: The detector needs to combine automatic gain control and contrast optimization functions.

[0115] The document positioning and supporting module provided by the embodiment of the present invention:

[0116] Non-contact support design: The protective bracket adopts air suspension or magnetic suspension bracket to ensure that the ancient book remains closed during the scanning process without physical contact;

[0117] Positioning sensor: The bracket is equipped with a laser distance sensor to accurately determine the height and width of the document, automatically adjust the height and angle of the bracket, and ensure that the projection range of the X-ray is always concentrated in the area of ​​the target document;

[0118] Environmental protection: A sealed protective cover is designed around the bracket to provide a constant temperature and humidity microenvironment to prevent the ancient books from being affected by air humidity and temperature changes during the scanning process.

[0119] The ink component identification module provided by the embodiment of the present invention:

[0120] Algorithm optimization based on composition differences: Use image processing technology to analyze the different absorption intensities of X-rays by materials of different components; combine with deep learning models to identify ink areas and eliminate paper background interference to achieve separation of ink content;

[0121] The accurate separation of ink and paper components of ancient books can be achieved through the attenuation model of X-rays;

[0122] The X-ray attenuation formula is used to describe the attenuation of X-rays penetrating ancient book paper and ink; the ink area is identified based on the different absorption intensities of X-rays by the material;

[0123] I=I0e -μd

[0124] T: transmitted X-ray intensity, signal intensity detected by the detector;

[0125] I0: the intensity of incident X-rays;

[0126] μ: Linear attenuation coefficient of the material; ink and paper have different attenuation coefficients, which helps to distinguish them;

[0127] d: thickness penetrated by X-rays;

[0128] Historical data training: The algorithm needs to be trained with a large amount of historical document data; model training includes samples of various ink compositions, colors, and thicknesses to adapt to a variety of ancient books;

[0129] Intelligent correction function: automatically adjusts recognition parameters to adapt to different paper thickness, fiber structure and ink distribution.

[0130] The imaging and 3D reconstruction module provided by the embodiment of the present invention:

[0131] Multi-angle image processing: image registration of X-ray transmission images at different angles, data fusion using computed tomography (CT) technology, and generation of a three-dimensional model of the ancient book;

[0132] Page-by-page content extraction: Through image layering technology, each page of content in the 3D model is separated for subsequent reading and preservation; users can view the content page by page, and the system provides page numbering and page turning functions;

[0133] Adaptive denoising and artifact removal: The system uses an adaptive denoising algorithm to remove artifacts generated during the scanning process and optimize the imaging effect;

[0134] 3D reconstruction of images scanned from different angles through 3D reconstruction algorithms;

[0135] After acquiring multi-angle X-ray scanning images, Radon transform and back-projection algorithms are used to construct a three-dimensional model of the ancient book; through multi-angle projection data, the structure of each page of the ancient book can be restored;

[0136] The Radon transform is described as:

[0137]

[0138] R θ (t): projection value along angle 0, i.e., X-ray images taken from different angles;

[0139] f(xy): attenuation coefficient distribution function inside the ancient book;

[0140] δ: Diracdelta function, used to mark the attenuation value at a certain position;

[0141] The three-dimensional model of the ancient book is reconstructed by inversely transforming the Radon transform of the projection images at multiple angles using the back-projection algorithm; the back-projection formula is as follows:

[0142] fxy)=∫0 π R θ (xcosθ+ysinθ)dθ

[0143] The data storage and processing module:

[0144] Real-time data storage: During the scanning process, data is transmitted to the built-in computer system in real time and stored in a high-speed solid-state drive SSD;

[0145] Post-processing and image optimization: The system automatically performs post-image processing, including image enhancement, noise filtering and edge optimization;

[0146] Secure backup and remote access: Provides cloud backup and access interface for data to ensure data security; users can access scan results through remote devices.

[0147] like Figure 3As shown, an X-ray-based three-dimensional scanning method for ancient books and documents provided in an embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0148] S201, using low-energy X-rays through an X-ray source module to adjust power and angle to achieve layered scanning of documents;

[0149] S202, using a detector with high resolution and high sensitivity, including a flat panel detector or an imaging plate, through the detection module to capture the tomographic image generated by the transmission X-ray; the main control module stably supports the ancient book document on the X-ray scanning table through the document positioning and support module, and is equipped with a non-contact bracket to keep the book in a closed state; and accurately locates the scanning range through the sensor;

[0150] S203, the ink composition recognition module generates a contrast image based on the composition difference between ink and paper and the difference in absorption intensity after X-ray penetration; the device combines artificial intelligence algorithms to identify the ink area, thereby extracting text information; it can be trained based on historical data to distinguish the ink characteristics of different historical periods and regions;

[0151] S204, the multi-angle scanning image of the X-ray can be used to generate an internal 3D model of the document through a computer-aided 3D reconstruction algorithm through the imaging and 3D reconstruction module, clearly showing the content of each page; the user can adjust the viewing angle and depth in the subsequent digital processing to obtain image data of different pages;

[0152] S205, the scanned data will be stored in real time through the built-in computer system through the data storage and processing module, and processed to generate an image; during the processing, image enhancement, noise filtering and artifact removal algorithms are combined.

[0153] Another object of the present invention is to provide a computer device, which includes a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the processor executes the steps of the X-ray-based three-dimensional scanning method of ancient books and documents.

[0154] Another object of the present invention is to provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, enables the processor to perform the steps of the X-ray-based three-dimensional scanning method of ancient books and documents.

[0155] Another object of the present invention is to provide an information data processing terminal, which is used to implement the X-ray-based three-dimensional scanning device for ancient books and documents.

[0156] The present invention is specifically implemented:

[0157] The following is a further refinement of each component and functional module, aiming to fully realize the three-dimensional scanning of ancient books and documents based on X-rays:

[0158] 1. Power and angle control of X-ray source

[0159] Low-energy X-ray source selection: Use a low-energy, adjustable X-ray source to avoid potential damage to ancient materials. The X-ray energy should be adjusted within a specific range (such as 10-30keV) to adapt to documents with different paper materials and ink compositions.

[0160] Dynamic power adjustment: According to the paper thickness and material of the document, the X-ray power is adjusted in real time after being detected by the sensor to ensure that it can penetrate the paper layer and display the ink marks without excessive penetration causing damage.

[0161] Multi-angle scanning: Design a rotating X-ray generator so that the X-ray beam can penetrate the ancient books at multiple angles, forming multi-angle two-dimensional images to facilitate subsequent three-dimensional reconstruction.

[0162] 2. Capture and fine-tuning of high-resolution detectors

[0163] High-resolution detector: Use a high-precision flat-panel detector (resolution ≥ 1,000dpi) to ensure that the subtle differences in ink can be clearly distinguished without affecting the paper material. The detector size needs to match the size of the ancient book to capture the entire page image.

[0164] Fine-tuning scanning function: The detector should have a fine-tuning function to ensure that tomographic images at different depths are accurately captured during the scanning process. By capturing X-ray transmission images at different positions layer by layer, complete page information is formed.

[0165] Resolution and contrast optimization: The detector needs to combine automatic gain control and contrast optimization functions to improve the contrast between the ink area and the paper background and reduce noise and artifacts.

[0166] 3. Literature positioning and support modules

[0167] Non-contact support design: The protective bracket adopts air suspension or magnetic suspension bracket to ensure that the ancient book remains closed during the scanning process without physical contact.

[0168] Positioning sensor: The bracket is equipped with a laser rangefinder sensor to accurately determine the height and width of the document, automatically adjust the height and angle of the bracket, and ensure that the projection range of the X-ray is always concentrated on the area of ​​the target document.

[0169] Environmental protection: A sealed protective cover is designed around the bracket to provide a constant temperature and humidity microenvironment to prevent the ancient books from being affected by air humidity and temperature changes during the scanning process.

[0170] 4. Ink composition recognition algorithm

[0171] Algorithm optimization based on composition differences: Image processing technology is used to analyze the different absorption intensities of X-rays by different composition materials. Combined with a deep learning model, the ink area is identified and the paper background interference is eliminated to achieve separation of the ink content.

[0172] Historical data training: The algorithm needs to be trained with a large amount of historical literature data to improve the accuracy of ink recognition of different ages and compositions. Model training includes samples of various ink compositions, colors and thicknesses to adapt to a variety of ancient books.

[0173] Intelligent correction function: automatically adjusts recognition parameters to adapt to different paper thickness, fiber structure and ink distribution, improving recognition stability and accuracy.

[0174] 5. Imaging and 3D reconstruction module

[0175] Multi-angle image processing: image registration is performed on X-ray transmission images at different angles, and computed tomography (CT) technology is used for data fusion to generate a three-dimensional model of the ancient book.

[0176] Page-by-page content extraction: Through image layering technology, each page of the 3D model is separated for subsequent reading and preservation. Users can view the content page by page, and the system provides page numbering and page turning functions.

[0177] Adaptive denoising and artifact removal: The system uses an adaptive denoising algorithm to remove artifacts generated during the scanning process, optimize the imaging effect, and make the content of each page clearer.

[0178] 6.Data storage and processing module

[0179] Real-time data storage: During the scanning process, data is transmitted to the built-in computer system in real time and stored in a high-speed solid-state drive (SSD) to ensure data continuity and integrity.

[0180] Post-processing and image optimization: The system automatically performs post-image processing, including image enhancement, noise filtering and edge optimization, to make text clearer and easier to read and recognize.

[0181] Secure backup and remote access: Provides cloud backup and access interface for data to ensure data security. Users can access scan results through remote devices to facilitate data sharing and collaboration.

[0182] Combining two mathematical formulas, we can accurately describe the working process of the X-ray scanning system, especially the attenuation model of X-rays and the mathematical principle of the 3D reconstruction algorithm. These formulas help to achieve the precise separation of the ink and paper components of ancient books, as well as the 3D reconstruction of images scanned from different angles.

[0183] 1. X-ray attenuation formula

[0184] The X-ray attenuation formula is used to describe the attenuation of X-rays penetrating ancient books, paper and ink; the ink area is identified based on the different absorption intensities of X-rays by the material;

[0185] I=I0e -μd

[0186] T: transmitted X-ray intensity, signal intensity detected by the detector;

[0187] I0: the intensity of incident X-rays;

[0188] μ: Linear attenuation coefficient of the material; ink and paper have different attenuation coefficients, which helps to distinguish them;

[0189] d: thickness penetrated by X-rays;

[0190] Using this formula, the corresponding image contrast is calculated by the different absorption intensities of different materials (ink and paper). For ink, the attenuation coefficient is higher, while the attenuation coefficient of paper is lower. Using this characteristic, the signal intensity received by the detector reflects the different depths of ink and paper layers, thereby realizing the identification of ink components.

[0191] 2. 3D reconstruction formula (Radon transform and back projection algorithm)

[0192] After acquiring multi-angle X-ray scanning images, Radon transform and back-projection algorithms are used to construct a three-dimensional model of the ancient book. Through multi-angle projection data, the structure of each page of the ancient book can be restored.

[0193] The Radon transform is described as:

[0194] The Radon transform is described as:

[0195]

[0196] R θ (t): projection value along angle 0, i.e., X-ray images taken from different angles;

[0197] f(x'y): attenuation coefficient distribution function inside the ancient book;

[0198] δ: Diracdelta function, used to mark the attenuation value at a certain position;

[0199] The three-dimensional model of the ancient book is reconstructed by inversely transforming the Radon transform of the projection images at multiple angles using the back-projection algorithm; the back-projection formula is as follows:

[0200] fxy)=∫0 π R θ (xcosθ+ysinθ)dθ

[0201] This method enables X-ray images taken from different angles to restore the internal three-dimensional structure of ancient books. Combined with the difference in attenuation coefficients between ink and paper, the content of each page can be restored layer by layer, thus achieving stereoscopic scanning and three-dimensional reconstruction of ancient books.

[0202] It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention can be implemented by hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware. The hardware part can be implemented using dedicated logic; the software part can be stored in a memory and executed by an appropriate instruction execution system, such as a microprocessor or dedicated design hardware. It can be understood by a person of ordinary skill in the art that the above-mentioned devices and methods can be implemented using computer executable instructions and / or contained in a processor control code, such as a carrier medium such as a disk, CD or DVD-ROM, a programmable memory such as a read-only memory (firmware), or a data carrier such as an optical or electronic signal carrier. Such code is provided on the carrier medium. The device and its modules of the present invention can be implemented by hardware circuits such as very large-scale integrated circuits or gate arrays, semiconductors such as logic chips, transistors, etc., or programmable hardware devices such as field programmable gate arrays, programmable logic devices, etc., can also be implemented by software executed by various types of processors, and can also be implemented by a combination of the above-mentioned hardware circuits and software, such as firmware.

[0203] The above description is only a specific implementation mode of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made by any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention and within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional scanning device for ancient books and documents based on X-rays, characterized in that: include: X-ray source module, detection module, main control module, document positioning and support module, ink component identification module, imaging and 3D reconstruction module, data storage and processing module; An X-ray source module is connected to the main control module and is used to achieve layered scanning of documents by adjusting power and angle using low-energy X-rays; A detection module, connected to the main control module, for capturing a tomographic image generated by the transmission X-ray using a detector with high resolution and high sensitivity, including a flat panel detector or an imaging plate; The main control module is connected with the X-ray source module, the detection module, the document positioning and support module, the ink component identification module, the imaging and 3D reconstruction module, and the data storage and processing module to control the normal operation of each module; The document positioning and support module is connected to the main control module and is used to support the ancient documents stably on the X-ray scanning table. It is equipped with a non-contact bracket to keep the book closed; and the scanning range is accurately positioned by sensors; The ink composition recognition module is connected to the main control module and is used to generate contrast images based on the composition differences between ink and paper and the different absorption intensities after X-ray penetration. The device combines artificial intelligence algorithms to identify ink areas and extract text information. It can be trained based on historical data to distinguish the ink characteristics of different historical periods and regions. The imaging and 3D reconstruction module is connected to the main control module. The multi-angle scanning images of X-rays can generate the internal 3D model of the document through the computer-aided 3D reconstruction algorithm, clearly showing the content of each page; Users can adjust the viewing angle and depth during subsequent digitization to obtain image data of different pages; The data storage and processing module is connected to the main control module and is used to store the scanned data in real time through the built-in computer system and process it to generate images; during the processing, image enhancement, noise filtering and artifact removal algorithms are combined.

2. The X-ray-based three-dimensional scanning device for ancient books and documents as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The X-ray source module: Low-energy X-ray source selection: Use a low-energy, adjustable X-ray source to avoid potential damage to ancient materials; X-ray energy should be within a specific range including 10-30keV; and be regulated to suit documents with different paper materials and ink compositions; Dynamic power adjustment: According to the paper thickness and material of the document, the X-ray power is adjusted in real time after being detected by the sensor to ensure that it can penetrate the paper layer and display the ink without excessive penetration causing damage; Multi-angle scanning: Design a rotating X-ray generator so that the X-ray beam can penetrate the ancient books at multiple angles, forming multi-angle two-dimensional images to facilitate subsequent three-dimensional reconstruction.

3. The X-ray-based three-dimensional scanning device for ancient books and documents as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The detection module: High-resolution detector: Use a high-precision flat-panel detector with a resolution of ≥1,000dpi; the detector size must match the size of the ancient book to capture the full-page image; Fine-tuning scanning function: The detector should have a fine-tuning function to ensure accurate capture of tomographic images at different depths during the scanning process; by capturing X-ray transmission images at different positions layer by layer, complete page information is formed; Resolution and contrast optimization: The detector needs to combine automatic gain control and contrast optimization functions.

4. The X-ray-based three-dimensional scanning device for ancient books and documents as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The literature positioning and support modules: Non-contact support design: The protective bracket adopts air suspension or magnetic suspension bracket to ensure that the ancient book remains closed during the scanning process without physical contact; Positioning sensor: The bracket is equipped with a laser distance sensor to accurately determine the height and width of the document, automatically adjust the height and angle of the bracket, and ensure that the projection range of the X-ray is always concentrated in the area of ​​the target document; Environmental protection: A sealed protective cover is designed around the bracket to provide a constant temperature and humidity microenvironment to prevent the ancient books from being affected by air humidity and temperature changes during the scanning process.

5. The X-ray based ancient book and document three-dimensional scanning device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The ink composition identification module: Algorithm optimization based on composition differences: Use image processing technology to analyze the different absorption intensities of X-rays by materials of different components; combine with deep learning models to identify ink areas and eliminate paper background interference to achieve separation of ink content; The accurate separation of ink and paper components of ancient books can be achieved through the attenuation model of X-rays; The X-ray attenuation formula is used to describe the attenuation of X-rays penetrating ancient book paper and ink; the ink area is identified based on the different absorption intensities of X-rays by the material; I=I0e -μd T: transmitted X-ray intensity, signal intensity detected by the detector; I0: the intensity of incident X-rays; μ: Linear attenuation coefficient of the material; ink and paper have different attenuation coefficients, which helps to distinguish them; d: thickness penetrated by X-rays; Historical data training: The algorithm needs to be trained with a large amount of historical document data; Model training includes samples of various ink compositions, colors, and thicknesses to accommodate a variety of ancient books; Intelligent correction function: automatically adjusts recognition parameters to adapt to different paper thickness, fiber structure and ink distribution.

6. The X-ray based ancient book and document three-dimensional scanning device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The imaging and 3D reconstruction module: Multi-angle image processing: image registration of X-ray transmission images at different angles, data fusion using computed tomography (CT) technology, and generation of a three-dimensional model of the ancient book; Page-by-page content extraction: Through image layering technology, each page of content in the 3D model is separated for subsequent reading and preservation; users can view the content page by page, and the system provides page numbering and page turning functions; Adaptive denoising and artifact removal: The system uses an adaptive denoising algorithm to remove artifacts generated during the scanning process and optimize the imaging effect; 3D reconstruction of images scanned from different angles through 3D reconstruction algorithms; After acquiring multi-angle X-ray scanning images, Radon transform and back-projection algorithms are used to construct a three-dimensional model of the ancient book; through multi-angle projection data, the structure of each page of the ancient book can be restored; The Radon transform is described as: R θ (t): projection value along angle 0, i.e., X-ray images taken from different angles; f(x'y): attenuation coefficient distribution function inside the ancient book; δ: Diracdelta function, used to mark the attenuation value at a certain position; The three-dimensional model of the ancient book is reconstructed by inversely transforming the Radon transform of the projection images at multiple angles using the back-projection algorithm; the back-projection formula is as follows: The data storage and processing module: Real-time data storage: During the scanning process, data is transmitted to the built-in computer system in real time and stored in a high-speed solid-state drive SSD; Post-processing and image optimization: The system automatically performs post-image processing, including image enhancement, noise filtering and edge optimization; Secure backup and remote access: Provide cloud backup and access interface for data to ensure data security; Users can access scan results through remote devices.

7. A method for three-dimensional scanning of ancient books and documents based on X-rays, which implements the three-dimensional scanning device for ancient books and documents based on X-rays as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The X-ray-based three-dimensional scanning method for ancient books and documents comprises: Step 1: Using low-energy X-rays through the X-ray source module to adjust the power and angle to achieve layered scanning of the document; Step 2: The detection module uses a detector with high resolution and high sensitivity, including a flat-panel detector or an imaging plate, to capture the tomographic image generated by the transmission X-ray; the main control module uses the document positioning and support module to stably support the ancient document on the X-ray scanning table, equipped with a non-contact bracket to keep the book closed; and the sensor accurately locates the scanning range; Step 3: The ink composition recognition module generates a contrast image based on the composition difference between ink and paper and the difference in absorption intensity after X-ray penetration. The device combines artificial intelligence algorithms to identify ink areas and extract text information. It can be trained based on historical data to distinguish ink characteristics in different historical periods and regions. Step 4: The multi-angle scanning images of X-rays can be used in the imaging and 3D reconstruction module to generate an internal 3D model of the document through a computer-assisted 3D reconstruction algorithm, clearly showing the content of each page; users can adjust the viewing angle and depth during subsequent digital processing to obtain image data of different pages; Step 5, the scanned data will be stored in real time through the built-in computer system through the data storage and processing module, and processed to generate images; during the processing, image enhancement, noise filtering and artifact removal algorithms are combined.

8. A computer device, characterized in that: The computer device includes a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the processor executes the steps of the X-ray-based three-dimensional scanning method for ancient books and documents as claimed in claim 7.

9. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, wherein when the computer program is executed by a processor, the processor executes the steps of the X-ray-based three-dimensional scanning method for ancient books and documents as claimed in claim 7.

10. An information data processing terminal, characterized in that: The information data processing terminal is used to implement the X-ray-based three-dimensional scanning device for ancient books and documents as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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