Method for performing measurement by terminal in wireless communication system and apparatus therefor

Abstract

A method for performing carrier phase measurement by a terminal in a wireless communication system according to various embodiments and an apparatus therefor are disclosed. Disclosed is a method comprising the steps of: receiving, from a network, configuration information for repeatedly and sequentially configuring time domain windows (TDWs) for carrier phase measurement within a measurement gap; measuring a phase difference in a positioning reference signal (PRS) based on the configuration information; and reporting measurement information on the phase difference to the network, wherein the measurement of the phase difference is performed using only the PRS received within the same TDW. An apparatus for performing the method is also disclosed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a method for performing measurement by a User Equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system and an apparatus thereof. Background Art

[0002] Wireless communication systems are being widely deployed to provide various types of communication services, such as voice and data. Generally, wireless communication systems are multiple-access systems capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., bandwidth, transmit power, etc.). Examples of multiple-access systems include code division multiple access (CDMA) systems, frequency division multiple access (FDMA) systems, time division multiple access (TDMA) systems, orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) systems, single-carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) systems, and multi-carrier frequency division multiple access (MC-FDMA) systems.

[0003] As more and more communication devices require greater communication capacity when sending and receiving signals, there is a need for improved mobile broadband communications compared to traditional radio access technologies. Therefore, discussions are underway to develop communication systems that take into account services / UEs that are sensitive to reliability and latency. The next generation of radio access technologies that take into account enhanced mobile broadband communications, massive machine-type communications (MTC), and ultra-reliable and low-latency communications (URLLC) may be referred to as new radio access technologies (RATs) or new radios (NRs). Summary of the Invention

[0004] Technical issues

[0005] The object to be achieved is to provide a method and apparatus for effectively eliminating timing errors in carrier phase measurement by configuring a time domain window that ensures phase continuity.

[0006] Those skilled in the art to which the embodiments pertain will appreciate that objects that can be achieved with the embodiments are not limited to those specifically described above, and the above and other objects will be more clearly understood from the following detailed description.

[0007] Technical Solution

[0008] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a method for performing carrier phase measurement by a user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system is provided, the method comprising: receiving configuration information from a network for sequentially and repeatedly configuring a time domain window (TDW) for carrier phase measurement within a measurement gap; measuring a phase difference of a positioning reference signal (PRS) based on the configuration information; and reporting measurement information about the phase difference to the network. The phase difference can be measured using only PRSs received within the same TDW.

[0009] Alternatively, the size of the TDW may be determined based on a specific number of slots or a specific number of symbols included in the configuration information.

[0010] Alternatively, the size of the TDW may be determined according to the number of PRS resource sets or the number of transmission reception points (TRPs) included in the configuration information.

[0011] Alternatively, the size of the TDW may be determined based on the number of transmit reception points (TRPs) or the number of PRS resource sets configured in a positioning frequency layer configured for the UE.

[0012] Alternatively, the configuration information may include information about the size of the TDWs and the gaps between the TDWs.

[0013] Alternatively, the size of the TDW may be determined based on a maximum time period for which the UE maintains phase continuity.

[0014] Alternatively, the configuration information may include information of a reference transmission reception point (TRP) related to the PRS.

[0015] Alternatively, the TDW is repeatedly configured starting from a specific timing within the measurement gap, and the specific timing can be determined based on the timing of receiving the pilot PRS from the reference TRP within the measurement gap.

[0016] Alternatively, the UE may fix a phase locked loop (PLL) during the period of TDW.

[0017] In another aspect of the present disclosure, a user equipment (UE) for performing carrier phase measurement in a wireless communication system is provided. The UE includes a radio frequency (RF) transceiver and a processor connected to the RF transceiver. The processor controls the RF transceiver to receive configuration information from the network for sequentially and repeatedly configuring a time domain window (TDW) for carrier phase measurement within a measurement gap; measures a phase difference of a positioning reference signal (PRS) based on the configuration information; and reports measurement information regarding the phase difference to the network. The phase difference can be measured only using PRSs received within the same TDW.

[0018] In another aspect of the present disclosure, a method for receiving a report on measurement results from a user equipment (UE) by a network in a wireless communication system is provided. The method includes: transmitting configuration information to the UE for sequentially and repeatedly configuring a time domain window (TDW) for carrier phase measurement within a measurement gap; and measuring a phase difference of a positioning reference signal (PRS) based on the configuration information. The measurement information includes a phase difference measured only using PRSs received within the same TDW.

[0019] Beneficial effects

[0020] According to various embodiments, by configuring the time domain window for carrier phase measurement taking into account a time period that ensures phase continuity, timing errors in carrier phase measurement are effectively eliminated.

[0021] Alternatively, the time domain window is configured to be positioned within a measurement gap, thereby minimizing operational limitations of the terminal.

[0022] The effects to be achieved by the embodiments are not limited to the contents specifically described above, and those skilled in the art to which the embodiments pertain will more clearly understand other effects not mentioned herein based on the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the principle of the disclosure.

[0024] Figure 1 The structure of an LTE system to which the embodiment is applied is illustrated.

[0025] Figure 2 The structure of the NR system to which the embodiment is applicable is illustrated.

[0026] Figure 3 The structure of an NR radio frame to which the embodiment is applicable is illustrated.

[0027] Figure 4 The time slot structure of the NR frame applicable to the embodiment is illustrated.

[0028] Figure 5 This is a diagram illustrating physical channels that can be used in an embodiment and a signal transmission method using the physical channels.

[0029] Figure 6 is a diagram illustrating a positioning protocol configuration for positioning a user equipment (UE), to which various embodiments may be applied.

[0030] Figure 7 An exemplary system architecture for measuring the positioning of a UE to which various embodiments may be applied is illustrated.

[0031] Figure 8 An implementation example of a network for UE positioning is illustrated.

[0032] Figure 9 is a diagram illustrating protocol layers for supporting LTE Positioning Protocol (LPP) message transmission, to which various embodiments may be applied.

[0033] Figure 10 This is a diagram illustrating protocol layers for supporting NR Positioning Protocol (NRPPa) protocol data unit (PDU) transmission, to which various embodiments may be applied.

[0034] Figure 11 FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an observed time difference of arrival (OTDOA) positioning method to which various embodiments are applicable.

[0035] Figure 12 is a diagram illustrating a method for a UE to perform carrier phase measurement.

[0036] Figure 13 is a diagram illustrating a method for a network to receive a report on measurement information related to carrier phase measurement from a UE.

[0037] Figure 14 A communication system applied to the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0038] Figure 15 A wireless device suitable for use with the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0039] Figure 16 Another example of a wireless device to which the present disclosure is applied is illustrated. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] Various embodiments are applicable to various wireless access technologies, such as code division multiple access (CDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA), and single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA).

[0041] Sidelink refers to a communication scheme that establishes a direct link between user equipments (UEs) to exchange voice or data directly without assistance from a base station (BS). Sidelink is seen as a way to alleviate the burden on the BS caused by the rapid increase in data traffic.

[0042] Vehicle-to-everything (V2X) refers to the exchange of information with other vehicles, pedestrians, and infrastructure via wired or wireless communications. V2X can be categorized into four types: vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V), vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I), vehicle-to-network (V2N), and vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P). V2X communication can be provided via the PC5 interface and / or the Uu interface.

[0043] As more and more communication devices require greater communication capacity when sending and receiving signals, there is a need for improved mobile broadband communication compared to traditional radio access technologies. Therefore, discussions are underway to develop communication systems that take into account services / UEs that are sensitive to reliability and latency. The next generation of radio access technologies that take into account enhanced mobile broadband communication, massive machine-to-computer communication (MTC), and ultra-reliable and low-latency communication (URLLC) may be referred to as new radio access technologies (RATs) or new radios (NRs). Even in NRs, V2X communication can be supported.

[0044] The techniques described herein can be used in various wireless access systems such as code division multiple access (CDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA), single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA), and the like. CDMA can be implemented as a radio technology such as Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) or CDMA2000. TDMA can be implemented as a radio technology such as Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) / General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) / Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE). OFDMA can be implemented as a radio technology such as IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, Evolved UTRA (E-UTRA), and the like. IEEE 802.16m is an evolution of IEEE 802.16e, providing backward compatibility with systems based on IEEE 802.16e. UTRA is part of the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS). 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Long Term Evolution (LTE) is part of Evolved UMTS (E-UMTS) using Evolved UTRA (E-UTRA). 3GPP LTE adopts OFDMA for downlink (DL) and SC-FDMA for uplink (UL). LTE Advanced (LTE-A) is an evolution of 3GPP LTE.

[0045] 5G NR is the successor technology to LTE-A and is a new clean-state mobile communication system characterized by high performance, low latency, and high availability. 5G NR can use all available spectrum resources, including low-frequency bands below 1 GHz, mid-frequency bands between 1 GHz and 10 GHz, and high-frequency (millimeter) bands of 24 GHz or above.

[0046] For clarity of explanation, LTE-A or 5G NR is mainly described, but the technical spirit of the embodiments is not limited thereto.

[0047] Figure 1 The structure of the LTE system according to the embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated. This may also be referred to as the Evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN) or LTE / LTE-A system.

[0048] Reference Figure 1The E-UTRAN includes an evolved Node B (eNB) 20 that provides a control plane and a user plane for the UE 10. The UE 10 can be fixed or mobile and may also be referred to as a mobile station (MS), a user terminal (UT), a subscriber station (SS), a mobile terminal (MT), or a wireless device. The eNB 20 is a fixed station that communicates with the UE 10 and may also be referred to as a base station (BS), a base transceiver system (BTS), or an access point.

[0049] The eNBs 20 may be connected to each other via an X2 interface. The eNBs 20 are connected to an Evolved Packet Core (EPC) 39 via an S1 interface. More specifically, the eNBs 20 are connected to a Mobility Management Entity (MME) via an S1-MME interface and to a Serving Gateway (S-GW) via an S1-U interface.

[0050] The EPC 30 includes an MME, an S-GW, and a Packet Data Network Gateway (P-GW). The MME has access information or capability information about the UE, which is mainly used for UE mobility management. The S-GW is a gateway with the E-UTRAN as an endpoint, and the P-GW is a gateway with the Packet Data Network (PDN) as an endpoint.

[0051] Based on the lowest three layers of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) reference model known for communication systems, the radio protocol stack between the UE and the network can be divided into Layer 1 (L1), Layer 2 (L2), and Layer 3 (L3). These layers are defined in pairs between the UE and the Evolved UTRAN (E-UTRAN) for data transmission via the Uu interface. The physical (PHY) layer at L1 provides information transfer services on physical channels. The radio resource control (RRC) layer at L3 is used to control radio resources between the UE and the network. To this end, the RRC layer exchanges RRC messages between the UE and the eNB.

[0052] Figure 2 The structure of the NR system is illustrated.

[0053] Reference Figure 2 , the next generation radio access network (NG-RAN) may include next generation Node B (gNB) and / or eNB that provide user plane and control plane protocol termination to the UE. Figure 2 In the example, the NG-RAN is shown as including only gNBs. The gNB and eNB are connected to each other via the Xn interface. The gNB and eNB are connected to the 5G core network (5GC) via the NG interface. More specifically, the gNB and eNB are connected to the access and mobility management function (AMF) via the NG-C interface and to the user plane function (UPF) via the NG-U interface.

[0054] Figure 3The radio frame structure in NR to which the embodiments of the present disclosure are applicable is illustrated.

[0055] Reference Figure 3 , a radio frame can be used for UL transmission and DL transmission in NR. The length of a radio frame is 10 ms and can be defined by two 5 ms half-frames. HF can include five 1 ms subframes. A subframe can be divided into one or more time slots, and the number of time slots in SF can be determined according to the subcarrier spacing (SCS). Each time slot can include 12 or 14 OFDM (A) symbols depending on the cyclic prefix (CP).

[0056] In the case of normal CP (NCP), each time slot may include 14 symbols, and in the case of extended CP (ECP), each time slot may include 12 symbols. Herein, a symbol may be an OFDM symbol (or CP-OFDM symbol) or an SC-FDMA symbol (or DFT-s-OFDM symbol).

[0057] Table 1 below lists the number of symbols N in each time slot according to the SCS configuration μ in the NCP case. slot symb , the number of time slots per frame N frame,u slot And the number of time slots N in each subframe subframe,u slot .

[0058] [Table 1]

[0059] <![CDATA[SCS(15×2 u )]]> <![CDATA[N slot symb ]]> <![CDATA[N frame,u slot ]]> <![CDATA[N subframe,u slot ]]> 15KHz (u=0) 14 10 1 30KHz (u=1) 14 20 2 60KHz (u=2) 14 40 4 120KHz (u=3) 14 80 8 240KHz (u=4) 14 160 16

[0060] Table 2 below lists the number of symbols in each time slot, the number of time slots per frame, and the number of time slots in each subframe according to SCS in the ECP case.

[0061] [Table 2]

[0062] <![CDATA[SCS(15×2 u )]]> <![CDATA[N slot symb ]]> <![CDATA[N frame,u slot ]]> <![CDATA[N subframe,u slot ]]> 60KHz (u=2) 12 40 4

[0063] In the NR system, different OFDM(A) parameter sets (e.g., SCS, CP length, etc.) can be configured for multiple cells aggregated for one UE. Therefore, the (absolute time) duration of a time resource (e.g., subframe, time slot, or TTI) (collectively referred to as a time unit (TU) for convenience) comprising the same number of symbols can be configured to be different for the aggregated cells. In NR, various parameter sets or SCSs can be supported to support various 5G services. For example, with an SCS of 15 kHz, wide areas in traditional cellular bands can be supported, while with an SCS of 30 kHz / 60 kHz, dense urban areas, lower latency, and wide carrier bandwidths can be supported. With an SCS of 60 kHz or higher, bandwidths greater than 24.25 GHz can be supported to overcome phase noise.

[0064] The NR frequency band can be defined by two types of frequency ranges, FR1 and FR2. The values ​​in each frequency range can be changed. For example, two types of frequency ranges can be given in Table 3. In the NR system, FR1 can be the "range below 6 GHz" and FR2 can be the "range above 6 GHz" known as millimeter wave (mmW).

[0065] [Table 3]

[0066] Frequency range specification Corresponding frequency range Subcarrier spacing (SCS) FR1 450MHz–6000MHz 15, 30, 60kHz FR2 24250MHz–52600MHz 60, 120, 240kHz

[0067] As mentioned above, in the NR system, the values ​​in the frequency range can be changed. For example, as listed in Table 4, the range of FR1 can be from 410 MHz to 7125 MHz. That is, FR1 can include frequency bands of 6 GHz (or 5850, 5900, and 5925 MHz) or above. For example, frequency bands of 6 GHz (or 5850, 5900, and 5925 MHz) or above can include unlicensed frequency bands. Unlicensed frequency bands can be used for various purposes, for example, vehicle communications (e.g., autonomous driving).

[0068] [Table 4]

[0069] Frequency range specification Corresponding frequency range Subcarrier spacing (SCS) FR1 410MHz–7125MHz 15, 30, 60kHz FR2 24250MHz–52600MHz 60, 120, 240kHz

[0070] Figure 4 The time slot structure in the NR frame is illustrated.

[0071] Reference Figure 4 A slot includes multiple symbols in the time domain. For example, a slot may include 14 symbols in the NCP case and 12 symbols in the ECP case. Alternatively, a slot may include 7 symbols in the NCP case and 6 symbols in the ECP case.

[0072] A carrier includes multiple subcarriers in the frequency domain. An RB can be defined by multiple (e.g., 12) consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. A bandwidth part (BWP) can be defined by multiple consecutive (physical) RBs ((P)RBs) in the frequency domain and corresponds to a parameter set (e.g., SCS, CP length, etc.). A carrier can include up to N (e.g., 5) BWPs. Data communication can be performed in an activated BWP. Each element can be referred to as a resource element (RE) in a resource grid, and a complex symbol can be mapped to an RE.

[0073] The radio interface between UEs or between a UE and a network may include L1, L2, and L3. In various embodiments of the present disclosure, L1 may refer to a PHY layer. For example, L2 may refer to at least one of a MAC layer, an RLC layer, a PDCH layer, or an SDAP layer. For example, L3 may refer to an RRC layer.

[0074] Bandwidth Part (BWP)

[0075] In the NR system, each component carrier (CC) can support up to 400MHz. If a UE operating on a wideband CC always utilizes RF operation for all enabled CCs, the battery power consumption of the UE may increase. Alternatively, considering various use cases operating within a wideband CC (e.g., eMBB, URLLC, mMTC, V2X, etc.), different parameter sets (e.g., subcarrier spacing) can be supported for different frequency bands within a specific CC. Alternatively, the capabilities for maximum bandwidth may be different between UEs. Taking this into account, the BS can instruct the UE to operate only in part of the bandwidth, rather than in the entire bandwidth of the wideband CC. For simplicity, part of the bandwidth is defined as a bandwidth part (BWP). Here, a BWP can be composed of resource blocks (RBs) that are continuous on the frequency axis and can correspond to a parameter set (e.g., subcarrier spacing, CP length, time slot / mini-slot duration).

[0076] The BS can configure multiple BWPs in a CC configured for a UE. For example, a BWP occupying a relatively small frequency range can be configured in the PDCCH monitoring timeslot, and the PDSCH indicated by the PDCCH in a larger BWP can be scheduled. Alternatively, when UEs are concentrated in a specific BWP, some of the UEs can be configured in another BWP to balance the load. Alternatively, to allow for frequency-domain inter-cell interference cancellation between adjacent cells, the spectrum in the middle of the entire bandwidth can be punctured, and two BWPs on either side can be configured in the same timeslot. That is, the BS can configure at least one DL / UL BWP for a UE associated with a wideband CC (via L1 signaling, MAC CE, or RRC signaling) and activate at least one of the configured DL / UL BWPs at a specific time. The BS can instruct the UE (via L1 signaling, MAC CE, or RRC signaling) to switch to another configured DL / UL BWP. Alternatively, when a timer expires, the UE can switch to a predetermined DL / UL BWP. The activated DL / UL BWP is defined as the activated DL / UL BWP. During the initial access procedure or before establishing an RRC connection, the UE may not be able to receive the DL / UL BWP configuration. The DL / UL BWP assumed by the UE in this situation is defined as the initially activated DL / UL BWP.

[0077] Figure 5 is a diagram illustrating physical channels that can be used in various embodiments and a signal transmission method using the physical channels.

[0078] Reference Figure 5 In step S11, when the power is turned on or when the UE initially enters the cell, the UE performs an initial cell search involving synchronization with the BS. For the initial cell search, the UE receives a synchronization signal block (SSB). The SSB includes a primary synchronization signal (PSS), a secondary synchronization signal (SSS), and a physical broadcast channel (PBCH). The UE synchronizes with the BS and acquires information such as a cell identifier (ID) based on the PSS / SSS. The UE can then receive broadcast information from the cell on the PBCH. In addition, during the initial cell search, the UE can also check the downlink channel status by receiving a downlink reference signal (DLRS).

[0079] In step S12 , after the initial cell search, the UE may acquire more specific system information by receiving a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) and a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) based on information of the PDCCH.

[0080] Subsequently, to complete the connection to the eNB, the UE may perform a random access procedure with the eNB (S13 to S16). In the random access procedure, the UE may transmit a preamble on a physical random access channel (PRACH) (S13), and may receive a random access response (RAR) for the preamble on a PDCCH and a PDSCH associated with the PDCCH (S14). The UE may transmit a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) using scheduling information in the RAR (S15), and perform a contention resolution procedure including reception of a PDCCH signal and a PDSCH signal corresponding to the PDCCH signal (S16).

[0081] In addition to the above-mentioned 4-step random access procedure (4-step RACH procedure or type 1 random access procedure), when the random access procedure is performed in two steps (2-step RACH procedure or type 2 random access procedure), steps S13 and S15 can be performed as one UE transmission operation (e.g., an operation of transmitting message A (MsgA) including a PRACH preamble and / or PUSCH), and steps S14 and S16 can be performed as one BS transmission operation (e.g., an operation of transmitting message B (MsgB) including RAR and / or contention resolution information).

[0082] After the above-mentioned process, in a general UL / DL signal transmission process, the UE may receive a PDCCH and / or a PDSCH from the BS ( S17 ) and transmit a PUSCH and / or a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) to the BS ( S18 ).

[0083] The control information sent by the UE to the base station is generally called uplink control information (UCI). UCI includes hybrid automatic repeat and request acknowledgement / negative acknowledgement (HARQ-ACK / NACK), scheduling request (SR), channel quality indicator (CQI), precoding matrix index (PMI), rank indicator (RI), etc.

[0084] Typically, UCI is sent periodically on the PUCCH. However, if control information and traffic data should be sent simultaneously, they can be sent on the PUSCH. In addition, UCI can be sent aperiodically on the PUSCH when a request / command is received from the network.

[0085] Figure 6 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary positioning protocol configuration for positioning a UE, to which embodiments are applicable.

[0086] Reference Figure 6The LTE Positioning Protocol (LPP) can be used as a point-to-point protocol between a location server (E-SMLC and / or SLP and / or LMF) and a target device (UE and / or SET) for positioning the target device using position-related measurements obtained from one or more reference resources. The target device and the location server can exchange measurements and / or location information based on Signal A and / or Signal B over the LPP.

[0087] NRPPa may be used for information exchange between a reference source (access node and / or BS and / or TP and / or NG-RAN node) and a location server.

[0088] The NRPPa protocol can provide the following functions.

[0089] - E-CID position information transfer. This function allows the reference source to exchange position information with the LMF for the purpose of E-CID positioning.

[0090] -OTDOA information transfer. This function allows the reference source to exchange information with the LMF for the purpose of OTDOA positioning.

[0091] - General error condition reporting. This feature allows reporting of general error conditions for which no function-specific error messages are defined.

[0092] PRS (Positioning Reference Signal)

[0093] For this positioning, a Positioning Reference Signal (PRS) may be used. The PRS is a reference signal used to estimate the position of the UE.

[0094] The positioning frequency layer may include one or more PRS resource sets, and each PRS resource set includes one or more PRS resources.

[0095] Sequence Generation

[0096] The PRS sequence r(m) (m=0, 1, . . . ) can be defined by Equation 1.

[0097] [Formula 1]

[0098]

[0099] In Formula 1, c(i) can be a pseudo-random sequence. The pseudo-random sequence generator can be initialized using Formula 2.

[0100] [Formula 2]

[0101]

[0102] It can be the timeslot number in the frame in the SCS configuration μ. DL PRS sequence ID It can be given by a higher-layer parameter (eg, DL PRS SequenceID). l can be the OFDM symbol in the time slot to which the sequence is mapped.

[0103] Mapping of physical resources to DL PRS resources

[0104] Specifically, through Equation 3, the PRS sequence r(m) can be expressed as β PRS Scale and map to RE(k, l) p，μ (k, l) p，μ It can represent RE(k,l) of antenna port p and SCS configuration μ.

[0105] [Formula 3]

[0106]

[0107] m=0,1,...

[0108]

[0109] In this article, the following conditions must be met:

[0110] -RE(k, l) p，μ Included in the RBs occupied by the DL PRS resources configured for the UE;

[0111] - Symbol 1 is not used by the serving cell for any SS / PBCH block used for DL ​​PRS sent from the serving cell, or is indicated by the higher layer parameter SSB-positionInBurst for DL ​​PRS sent from a non-serving cell;

[0112] -The time slot number meets the following PRS resource set related conditions;

[0113] The time domain size of the DL PRS resource L is the first symbol of the DL PRS in the time slot, which can be given by the higher layer parameter DL-PRS-ResourceSymbolOffset. PRS ∈{2, 4, 6, 12} can be given by the high-level parameter DL-PRS-NumSymbols. Comb size It can be given by the high-level parameter transmissionComb. PRS and combination of It can be one of {2,2}, {4,2}, {6,2}, {12,2}, {4,4}, {12,4}, {6,6}, {12,6} and / or {12,12}. RE offset It can be given by combOffset. The frequency offset k′ can be as shown in Table 5 function.

[0114] [Table 5]

[0115]

[0116] The reference point for k=0 may be the location of point A in the positioning frequency layer where DL PRS resources are configured. Point A may be given by a higher layer parameter dl-PRS-PointA-r16.

[0117] Mapping to time slots in DL PRS resource set

[0118] DL PRS resources included in a DL PRS resource set may be transmitted in a slot and a frame satisfying Equation 4 below.

[0119] [Formula 4]

[0120]

[0121] It can be the number of slots per frame in the SCS configuration μ. f It can be the System Frame Number (SFN). It can be the timeslot number in the frame in the SCS configuration μ. Timeslot offset It can be given by the higher layer parameter DL-PRS-ResourceSetSlotOffset. DL PRS resource slot offset It can be given by the higher-layer parameter DL-PRS-ResourceSlotOffset. It can be given by the high-level parameter DL-PRS-Periodicity. It can be given by the higher layer parameter DL-PRS-ResourceRepetitionFactor. It can be given by the higher layer parameter DL-PRS-MutingBitRepetitionFactor. It can be given by the higher-layer parameter DL-PRS-ResourceTimeGap.

[0122] The PRS reception process of the terminal in the NR system to which various embodiments of the present disclosure can be applied can be based on the following Table 6.

[0123] [Table 6]

[0124]

[0125]

[0126]

[0127] UE positioning architecture

[0128] Figure 7 An exemplary system architecture for measuring the positioning of a UE, to which embodiments may be applied, is illustrated.

[0129] Reference Figure 7 , the AMF may receive a request for location services associated with a specific target UE from another entity such as the Gateway Mobile Location Centre (GMLC), or the AMF itself decides to initiate location services on behalf of a specific target UE. The AMF then sends a request for location services to the Location Management Function (LMF). When receiving the request for location services, the LMF may process the request for location services and then return the processing result including the estimated location of the UE to the AMF. In the case where the location service is requested by an entity other than the AMF, such as the GMLC, the AMF may send the processing result received from the LMF to that entity.

[0130] Next-generation evolved NBs (ng-eNBs) and gNBs are NG-RAN network elements capable of providing measurement results for positioning. They measure the radio signals for target UEs and send the measurement values ​​to the LMF. The ng-eNB can control several TPs, such as the RF remote header, or only the PRS TP to support the PRS-based beaconing system of E-UTRA.

[0131] The LMF is connected to the Enhanced Serving Mobile Location Center (E-SMLC), which enables the LMF to access the E-UTRAN. For example, the E-SMLC can enable the LMF to support OTDOA, one of the positioning methods of E-UTRAN, using DL measurements obtained by the target UE through signals sent by eNBs and / or PRS-only TPs in the E-UTRAN.

[0132] The LMF can be connected to the SUPL Positioning Platform (SLP). The LMF can support and manage different location services for the target UE. The LMF can interact with the serving ng-eNB or serving gNB of the target UE to obtain location measurements for the UE. For the positioning of the target UE, the LMF can determine the positioning methods based on the location service (LCS) client type, the required quality of service (QoS), the UE positioning capabilities, the gNB positioning capabilities, and the ng-eNB positioning capabilities, and then apply these positioning methods to the serving gNB and / or serving ng-eNB. The LMF can determine additional information such as the accuracy of the position estimate and the velocity of the target UE. The SLP is the Secure User Plane Location (SUPL) entity responsible for positioning on the user plane.

[0133] The UE can measure its position using the DL RS sent by the NG-RAN and E-UTRAN. The DL RS sent by the NG-RAN and E-UTRAN to the UE may include SS / PBCH blocks, CSI-RS and / or PRS. Which DL RS is used to measure the UE's position may comply with the configuration of the LMF / E-SMLC / ng-eNB / E-UTRAN, etc. The UE's position can be measured by a RAT-independent scheme using different global navigation satellite systems (GNSS), ground beacon systems (TBS), WLAN access points, Bluetooth beacons, and sensors installed in the UE (e.g., air pressure sensors). The UE may also include an LCS application or access the LCS application by communicating with the network it accesses or through another application included therein. The LCS application may include the measurement and calculation functions required to determine the UE's position. For example, the UE may include an independent positioning function such as a global positioning system (GPS) and report its position independently of NG-RAN transmission. This independently obtained positioning information can be used as auxiliary information for the positioning information obtained from the network.

[0134] Operations for UE positioning

[0135] Figure 8 An implementation example of a network for UE positioning is illustrated.

[0136] When the AMF receives a request for location services while the UE is in Connection Management (CM)-Idle state, the AMF may request a network-triggered service to establish a signaling connection with the UE and allocate a specific serving gNB or ng-eNB. Figure 7 This operation is omitted in Figure 8 In the present embodiment, the UE can be assumed to be in connected mode. However, while the positioning procedure is still in progress, the NG-RAN may release the signaling connection as a result of signaling and data inactivity.

[0137] Now refer to Figure 8 This section describes in detail the network's operational procedures for UE positioning. In step 1a, a 5GC entity such as a GMLC may send a request for location services to measure the location of a target UE to a serving AMF. Here, even when the GMLC does not request location services, the serving AMF may determine that location services are required to measure the location of the target UE according to step 1b. For example, the serving AMF may determine that it will perform location services to measure the location of the UE for an emergency call.

[0138] In step 2, the AMF transmits a request for location services to the LMF. In step 3a, the LMF may initiate a location procedure with the serving ng-eNB or serving gNB to obtain location measurement data or location measurement assistance data. For example, the LMF may send a request for location-related information associated with one or more UEs to the NG-RAN and indicate the type of necessary location information and the associated QoS. The NG-RAN may then transmit location-related information to the LMF in response to the request. In this case, when the location determination method according to the request is an enhanced cell ID (E-CID) scheme, the NG-RAN may transmit additional location-related information to the LMF in one or more NR Positioning Protocol A (NRPPa) messages. Here, "location-related information" may refer to all values ​​used for location calculation such as actual location estimate information and radio measurements or location measurements. The protocol used in step 3a may be the NRPPa protocol to be described later.

[0139] In addition, in step 3b, the LMF may initiate a location process for DL ​​positioning together with the UE. For example, the LMF may send location assistance data to the UE or obtain a location estimate or location measurement value. For example, in step 3b, a capability information transmission process may be performed. Specifically, the LMF may send a request for capability information to the UE, and the UE may send capability information to the LMF. Here, the capability information may include information about positioning methods that can be supported by the LMF or the UE, information about various aspects of a specific positioning method (such as various types of assistance data for A-GNSS), and information about common features that are not specific to any one positioning method (such as the ability to handle multiple LPP transactions). In some cases, although the LMF does not send a request for capability information, the UE may provide capability information to the LMF.

[0140] As another example, in step 3b, a location assistance data transmission process may be performed. Specifically, the UE may send a request for location assistance data to the LMF and indicate to the LMF the specific location assistance data required. The LMF may then transmit the corresponding location assistance data to the UE in one or more additional LTE Positioning Protocol (LPP) messages and transmit additional assistance data to the UE. The location assistance data delivered from the LMF to the UE may be sent in a unicast manner. In some cases, the LMF may transmit location assistance data and / or additional assistance data to the UE without receiving a request for assistance data from the UE.

[0141] As another example, in step 3b, a location assistance data transmission process may be performed. Specifically, the LMF may send a request for location (related) information associated with the UE to the UE, and indicate the type of necessary location information and the associated QoS. In response to the request, the UE may transmit location related information to the LMF. In addition, the UE may transmit additional location related information to the LMF in one or more LPP messages. Here, "location related information" may refer to all values ​​used for location calculation such as actual location estimate information and radio measurements or location measurements. Typically, the location related information may be a reference signal time difference (RSTD) value measured by the UE based on DL RSs sent to the UE by multiple NG-RAN and / or E-UTRAN. Similar to the above description, the UE may transmit location related information to the LMF without receiving a request from the LMF.

[0142] The processes performed in step 3b can be performed independently, but can be performed continuously. Generally, although step 3b is performed in the order of the capability information transmission process, the location assistance data transmission process and the location information transmission process, step 3b is not limited to such an order. In other words, step 3b does not need to occur in a specific order to facilitate increased flexibility in positioning. For example, the UE can request location assistance data at any time to perform a previous request for location measurement made by the LMF. In the event that the location information sent by the UE does not meet the required QoS, the LMF can also request location information such as location measurement values ​​or location estimates at any time. Similarly, when the UE does not perform measurements for location estimation, the UE can send capability information to the LMF at any time.

[0143] In step 3b, when the information or request exchanged between the LMF and the UE is erroneous, an error message may be sent and received, and an abort message for aborting positioning may be sent and received.

[0144] The protocol used in step 3b may be the LPP protocol which will be described later.

[0145] Step 3b may be performed in addition to step 3a, or may be performed instead of step 3a.

[0146] In step 4, the LMF may provide a location service response to the AMF. The location service response may include information on whether the UE positioning is successful and include the UE's location estimate. Figure 11 If the procedure has been initiated by step 1a, the AMF may deliver the location service response to the 5GC entity such as GMLC. Figure 11 If the procedure has been initiated by step 1b, the AMF may use the Location Services Response to provide location services associated with the emergency call.

[0147] Positioning Protocol

[0148] LTE Positioning Protocol (LPP)

[0149] Figure 9 This section illustrates an example protocol layer for supporting LPP message transmission between the LMF and the UE. The LPP protocol data unit (PDU) can be carried in the NAS PDU between the AMF and the UE.

[0150] Reference Figure 9 , LPP terminates between the target device (e.g., UE in the control plane or SUPL-enabled terminal (SET) in the user plane) and the location server (e.g., LMF in the control plane or SLP in the user plane). LPP messages can be carried as transparent PDUs across intermediate network interfaces using appropriate protocols (e.g., NGAP over the NG-C interface and NAS / RRC over the LTE-Uu and NR-Uu interfaces). LPP is designed to enable positioning for NR and LTE using various positioning methods.

[0151] For example, the target device and the location server may exchange capability information, assistance data for positioning, and / or location information therebetween via LPP. The target device and the location server may exchange error information and / or indicate termination of the LPP process via LPP messages.

[0152] NR Positioning Protocol A (NRPPa)

[0153] Figure 10 An exemplary protocol layer for supporting NRPPa PDU delivery between LMF and NG-RAN nodes is illustrated.

[0154] NRPPa can be used to carry information between the NG-RAN node and the LMF. Specifically, NRPPa can carry the E-CID for measurement, data for supporting the OTDOA positioning method, and the cell ID and cell location ID for supporting the NR cell ID positioning method, which are transmitted from the ng-eNB to the LMF. The AMF can route the NRPPa PDU over the NG-C interface based on the routing ID of the involved LMF without information about the relevant NRPPa transaction.

[0155] The NRPPa procedures for location and data collection can be divided into two types. The first type is a UE-associated procedure for transferring information about a specific UE (e.g., location measurement information), and the second type is a non-UE-associated procedure for transferring information applicable to NG-RAN nodes and associated TPs (e.g., gNB / ng-eNB / TP timing information). These two types can be supported independently or simultaneously.

[0156] Positioning measurement method

[0157] Positioning methods supported in NG-RAN may include GNSS, OTDOA, E-CID, air pressure sensor positioning, WLAN positioning, Bluetooth positioning, TBS, uplink time difference of arrival (UTDOA), etc. Although any one of the positioning methods may be used for UE positioning, two or more positioning methods may be used for UE positioning.

[0158] OTDOA (Observed Time Difference of Arrival)

[0159] Figure 11 FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an observed time difference of arrival (OTDOA) positioning method to which the embodiment is applicable.

[0160] The OTDOA positioning method uses the time measured by the UE from the downlink signals received from multiple TPs, including eNBs, ng-eNBs, and PRS-only TPs. The UE uses location assistance data received from a location server to measure the time of the received downlink signals. The UE's position can be determined based on these measurements and the geographic coordinates of neighboring TPs.

[0161] A UE connected to a gNB may request measurement gaps from a TP to perform OTDOA measurements. If the UE does not know the SFN of at least one TP in the OTDOA assistance data, the UE may use autonomous gaps to obtain the SFN of the OTDOA reference cell before requesting measurement gaps for performing reference signal time difference (RSTD) measurements.

[0162] Here, RSTD can be defined as the minimum relative time difference between two subframe boundaries received from the reference cell and the measurement cell. That is, RSTD can be calculated as the relative time difference between the start time of the subframe received from the measurement cell and the start time of the subframe from the reference cell that is closest to the subframe received from the measurement cell. The reference cell can be selected by the UE.

[0163] For accurate OTDOA measurement, it is necessary to measure the time of arrival (ToA) of signals received from three or more geographically distributed TPs or BSs. For example, the ToA of each of TP1, TP2, and TP3 can be measured, and the RSTD for TP1 and TP2, the RSTD for TP2 and TP3, and the RSTD for TP3 and TP1 can be calculated based on the three ToA values. The geometric hyperbola is determined based on the calculated RSTD value, and the point where the hyperbola intersects can be estimated as the position of the UE. In this case, the accuracy and / or uncertainty of each ToA measurement may occur, and based on the measurement uncertainty, the estimated position of the UE can be referred to as a specific range.

[0164] For example, the RSTD of two TPs may be calculated based on the following Equation 5.

[0165] [Formula 5]

[0166]

[0167] In Equation 5, c is the speed of light, {x t ,y t} are the (unknown) coordinates of the target UE, {x i ,y i} are the (known) coordinates of TP, and {x1, y1} are the coordinates of the reference TP (or another TP). Here, (T i -T1) is the transmission time offset between the two TPs, called the "real time difference" (RTD), and n i and n1 is the UE ToA measurement error value.

[0168] E-CID (Enhanced Cell ID)

[0169] In the Cell ID (CID) positioning method, the UE's location can be measured based on the geographic information of the UE's serving ng-eNB, serving gNB, and / or serving cell. For example, the geographic information of the serving ng-eNB, serving gNB, and / or serving cell can be obtained through paging, registration, etc.

[0170] In addition to the CID positioning method, the E-CID positioning method can use additional UE measurements and / or NG-RAN radio resources to improve the UE position estimate. Although the E-CID positioning method can partially utilize the same measurement methods as the measurement control system on the RRC protocol, additional measurements are generally not performed solely for UE position measurement. In other words, no additional measurement configuration or measurement control message may be provided for UE position measurement. The UE does not expect to request additional measurement operations solely for position measurement, and the UE may report measurement values ​​obtained by generally measurable methods.

[0171] For example, the serving gNB can use the E-UTRA measurements provided by the UE to implement the E-CID positioning method.

[0172] Measuring elements that can be used for E-CID positioning may be, for example, as follows.

[0173] -UE measurements: E-UTRA Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP), E-UTRA Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), UE E-UTRA Receive (Rx)-Transmit (Tx) Time Difference, GERAN / WLAN Reference Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI), UTRAN Common Pilot Channel (CPICH) Received Signal Code Power (RSCP) and / or UTRAN CPICH Ec / Io

[0174] -E-UTRAN measurements: ng-eNB Rx-Tx time difference, timing advance (TADV) and / or AoA

[0175] Here, T ADV It can be divided into Type 1 and Type 2 as follows.

[0176] TADV type 1 = (ng-eNB Rx-Tx time difference) + (UE E-UTRA Rx-Tx time difference)

[0177] TADV type 2 = ng-eNB Rx-Tx time difference

[0178] AoA can be used to measure the UE's direction. AoA is defined as the estimated angle of the UE from the eNB / TP in a counterclockwise direction. In this case, the geographic reference direction can be north. The eNB / TP can use UL signals such as SRS and / or DMRS for AoA measurement. AoA measurement accuracy increases with the number of antenna arrays deployed. When the antenna array is arranged at equal intervals, signals received at adjacent antenna elements can have a constant phase rotation.

[0179] CPM (Carrier Phase Measurement)

[0180] Carrier Phase Measurement (CPM) is one of the position estimation algorithms used in GPS / GNSS. In short, CPM is a scheme that estimates the distance between the transmitter and the receiver by measuring the phase of the received transmission signal and determining the position based on the estimated distance. In other words, the user's position can be measured by calculating the distance to each of multiple satellites based on the signals received from the multiple satellites. In this case, it is assumed that there is a line of sight (LoS) between the satellite and the user, and based on this assumption, the time difference between the transmitter and the receiver can be converted into the distance between the transmitter and the receiver. At the same time, the satellite channel may experience multipath and delay caused by the ionosphere, but the multipath and delay caused by the ionosphere can be mitigated through modeling.

[0181] Table 7 below shows what is discussed regarding (3GPP) CPM in a specific case.

[0182] [Table 7]

[0183]

[0184]

[0185] The above-described CPM can be compared to code phase measurements. While code phase measurements are commonly used in GPS / GNSS-related positioning, the actual phase of the carrier can be measured directly. Generally, CPM provides higher accuracy than code phase measurements because CPM directly measures the phase within a period corresponding to the carrier frequency. Furthermore, CPM and code phase measurements can be performed based on similar or identical algorithms or methods.

[0186] CPM uses the following basic positioning principle: a transmitter transmits a predetermined signal at a specific time, and a receiver measures the exact time of reception at the carrier phase level (i.e., within a period of the carrier frequency). In this case, CPM can very accurately measure the distance between the transmitter and receiver. To use this method, the distance is typically converted to phase, and a pseudorange formula can be derived based on this conversion. Using CPM positioning based on a pseudorange formula, GNSS / GPS-based positioning can be performed by applying the following equation (6).

[0187] [Formula 6]

[0188] p=ρ+d p +c(dt-dT)+d ion +d trop +e mp +e p

[0189] In Equation 6, p represents the pseudorange measurement, ρ represents the true distance, and d p represents the satellite orbit error, c represents the speed of light, dt represents the offset between the satellite clock and GPS time, dT represents the offset between the receiver clock and GPS time, and d ion represents the ionospheric delay, d trop represents the tropospheric delay, e mp represents the multipath effect, and e p represents the receiver noise.

[0190] These terms can be accounted for in GPS / GNSS, and techniques exist to mitigate or remove each term. Additionally, although not explicitly stated in Equation 6, the carrier phase information that can be estimated by the user is within the range [0, 2π]. For distances outside this range, a separate estimation method is required. In other words, when the actual distance between the user and the satellite is converted to phase, the receiver needs to use a separate estimation method (integer ambiguity resolution) to estimate distances corresponding to integer multiples of the frequency period.

[0191] Differentiation

[0192] Positioning using CPM in GNSS / GPS can also take the following factors into account. Specifically, cycle slips may occur at the receiver, which may need to be reported or corrected. A cycle slip may occur when the receiver is unable to track a signal for more than a certain threshold (e.g., half a cycle). When such a cycle slip occurs, measurements from the transmitter for the corresponding period may become invalid. After a cycle slip, the measurements can be reused, but the integer ambiguities need to be re-estimated.

[0193] In addition, the problem of position dilution (dilution of precision) may also arise. Position dilution means that even when positioning is performed based on the same number of transmitters and receivers and with the same signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), the accuracy of positioning can vary depending on the relative position (or distance) between the transmitters and receivers. This is often referred to as the geometric dilution of precision (GDOP). For example, when a receiver calculates its position based on signals from N transmitters, if the transmitters are closely grouped, the receiver's positioning accuracy may be lower than if the transmitters are more evenly distributed.

[0194] Integer ambiguity resolution

[0195] First, the following can be considered as a scheme related to integer ambiguity resolution (see Lee, Hongkyu (2014). "An Instantaneous Integer Ambiguity Resolution for GPS Real-Time Structure Monitoring," Journal of Korean Society of Civil Engineers, Vol. 34, No. 1, pp. 342-353 (Korean)).

[0196] In kinematic positioning using GPS carriers, centimeter-level accuracy can be achieved by precisely determining the unknown integer ambiguities contained in the observation data. This requires ambiguity resolution, a mathematical process used to convert ambiguous distance observations with uncertainties into precise distances with millimeter-level accuracy. Integer constrained least squares is commonly used for GPS kinematic positioning (Teunissen, 1994; Han et al., 1997; Verhagen, 2004).

[0197] However, when the receiver is moving, the observation data that can be used in the mathematical model is limited compared to when the receiver is stationary, resulting in lower estimation accuracy and higher correlations, making it difficult to quickly and accurately resolve integer ambiguities (Teunissen, 1993; Lee et al., 2005). Therefore, in GPS kinematic positioning, on-the-fly (OTF) methods are commonly used, which extract and accumulate only the integer ambiguity portion of the normal equation. The time required to initialize the integer ambiguities can range from seconds to minutes, depending on satellite geometry and residual errors (Hofmann-Wellenhof et al., 2001). As long as there are no signal outages (cycle slips), this method relies on previously determined integer ambiguities after initialization. In this method, when initialization is required, it is impossible to perform high-precision positioning during the initialization period. In addition, the need to recalculate integer ambiguities due to changes in satellite geometry and the need to continuously monitor signal outages make the algorithm inherently complex.

[0198] In the mid-1990s, with the advent of dual-frequency receivers capable of observing precise pseudoranges, instantaneous ambiguity resolution was developed for baselines of approximately 10 km (Han et al., 1996). This method independently resolves integer ambiguities for each time period, each time the GPS receiver acquires carrier phase and precise pseudoranges. Because it does not require additional algorithms to detect signal outages or satellite geometry, it is suitable for GPS structure monitoring environments, where such outages frequently occur due to structures or passing vehicles. However, the performance of instantaneous ambiguity resolution is significantly affected by satellite geometry and residuals. In particular, its performance degrades when fewer than five satellites are observed or when multipath effects become significant (Lee et al., 2004).

[0199] There are a variety of algorithms for performing integer ambiguity resolution, and one of the most well-known and effective methods is least squares ambiguity decorrelation adjustment (LAMBDA). To use LAMBDA, a floating estimate of position, i.e., the position fix within a cycle, should be separated from the integer ambiguities. Since integer ambiguities are integers rather than floating-point values, the resulting floating-point solution is not an exact solution and can be further refined. The ellipsoid formed by the covariance of the integer ambiguities becomes extremely elongated in one direction, and as a result, searching within this space is inefficient. Therefore, LAMBDA transforms a system with an elongated ellipsoid into one that is closer to a sphere, which is more efficient than previous methods in searching for solutions to integer ambiguities.

[0200] Another method for estimating integer ambiguities involves using CPM and code phase measurements at various epochs. A disadvantage of this method is that time conversion values ​​are required to obtain the correlation between CPM and code phase measurements, along with the 1 Hz GPS output from the Novatel Superstar II. A brief overview uses measurements from a single epoch and the covariance of the integer ambiguities from the previous epoch. The covariance from the previous epoch is used because, while the receiver maintains phase lock on the carrier phase, the integer ambiguities remain constant over two epochs. Other algorithms for estimating integer ambiguities exist, such as those based on the Extended Kalman Filter, and many variations exist.

[0201] CPM in NR

[0202] The above-mentioned CPM in GPS / GNSS can be based on a single carrier. Specifically, in CPM, the phase can be estimated based on the transmission and reception of a sinusoidal signal, rather than in the code domain. The CPM between the satellite and the user in GPS / GNSS can be introduced into the gNB (or TRP) and UE in NR. When introducing it into NR, there may be the following differences. Unless the sinusoidal signal is redefined as a reference signal, OFDM-based CPM should be performed. In other words, the difference between OFDM-based CPM and GPS / GNSS-based CPM is that OFDM-based CPM is performed on a relatively wideband signal.

[0203] First, the current reference signal used for positioning in NR is the PRS. If the sinusoidal signal is redefined based on the PRS, the sinusoidal signal can have the configuration characteristics of the PRS. That is, the bandwidth (BW) configuration of the sinusoidal signal can be more flexible. In addition, the probability of having a LoS path between the BS (or TRP) and the user can be lower than the probability of having a LoS path between the satellite and the user. In other words, since the multipath effect between the BS (or TRP) and the user cannot be ignored, the CPM in NR should also consider the multipath effect between the BS (or TRP) and the user. In CPM in NR, from an algorithmic point of view, non-line-of-sight (NLOS) elimination or LOS path estimation can be treated more importantly. In addition, compared with GPS, NR generally has a higher carrier frequency, a larger BW, and stricter latency requirements. Therefore, in CPM in NR, it is necessary to further reduce the time required to resolve integer ambiguities.

[0204] Solutions may be needed to address issues related to CPM-based user positioning using PRS in NR. Since PRS is a reference signal with a bandwidth, there should be a common understanding between higher layers and the UE as to which frequency within a given PRS is used for phase measurement. In contrast, existing NR positioning methods (e.g., OTDOA, AoA, AoD, etc.) do not require the specification or indication of specific frequency resources. However, in CPM-based positioning using PRS, additional operations may be required to specify or report specific frequencies.

[0205] CPM targeting method using PRS

[0206] The following describes a method in which a UE performs CPM by receiving PRSs indicated by the LMF or gNB. In this case, the UE can receive a time domain window (TDW) indicated along with the CPM. This will be referred to as the TDW for CPM. The TDW, or domain window (DW) for CPM, can be broadly defined as having two purposes. First, the TDW can be used for single, double, or triple differencing. Second, the TDW can be used for SNR boosting to achieve high accuracy in UE position estimation. For example, SNR boosting can be performed by combining multiple PRSs received within the TDW. In the former case of differential purposes, the TDW can be set to the minimum required length on the time axis, as the TDW can constrain the UE's reception behavior. On the other hand, in the latter case of SNR boost purposes, the TDW can be set to a longer length to maximize the combining gain (which can vary depending on target requirements such as SNR boost), as the length on the time axis is directly related to the combining gain. The TDW can be set together with or separately from the existing measurement gap (MG).

[0207] In conventional GNSS / GPS, double differential can be a technique for eliminating the offset of the Tx / Rx clock compared to the absolute time. This differential technique can simply involve a method of measuring the reception time of signals transmitted from different Tx ends at a single Rx end and eliminating the Rx clock error as a common term by the difference in the measured reception times (Rx clock error elimination method), and a method of measuring signals transmitted from a single Tx end at different Rx ends and eliminating the Tx clock error as a common error term by the difference in the measured reception times. In a packet transmission system such as NR, the clock error may be a timing error caused by misunderstanding or misalignment of the time slot boundaries at the Tx or Rx end. Therefore, similar to the TDW for transmission that maintains phase continuity in joint channel estimation (CE) (although the TDW for CPM is different from the TDW for joint CE because the TDW for CPM is the TDW from the perspective of reception), the TDW for CPM can be defined as a time period corresponding to the time period for maintaining the timing error for eliminating different measured timing errors.

[0208] Hereinafter, Section 1 will describe in detail the method of configuring and indicating the above-mentioned TDW for CPM, and Section 2 will describe in detail the behavior of the UE in the TDW for CPM.

[0209] Meanwhile, the differential portion described as performing differential or reporting a measurement value can be defined as follows. This can be defined as measuring and reporting a phase difference value between subcarriers of two PRS resources configured by the UE, or measuring and reporting a phase difference value between specific carriers (e.g., center carriers) of PRS resources. In addition, the following description assumes and explains a CPM-based measurement method, but the differential method described below can also be extended and applied to other positioning technologies. For example, since differential is a technology for eliminating Tx clock (timing) errors and / or Rx clock (timing) errors, the differential method described below can be easily extended and applied to timing-based estimation techniques (e.g., OTDOA) and angle-based estimation techniques (e.g., AoA or AoD).

[0210] 1. TDM configuration and indication method for CPM

[0211] As previously described, the TDW for CPM can be configured for either differentiation or SNR boosting. In both cases, the TDW for CPM can restrict the receive operation of the UE or gNB (or TRP) within the TDW. Therefore, the TDW for CPM can always be located or configured within the MG or positioning processing window. For convenience, both the MG and the positioning processing window are collectively referred to as the MG. In other words, if a UE is instructed to measure and / or report the configured PRS based on CPM and is configured with an MG, the UE can distinguish the configured MG as the TDW for CPM. For example, when the MG is configured for timeslots 1 to 9 and the length of the TDW for CPM is configured to 3, the UE may consider or determine that timeslots 1, 2, and 3 are configured as the first TDW for CPM, timeslots 4, 5, and 6 are configured as the second TDW for CPM, and timeslots 7, 8, and 9 are configured as the third TDW for CPM.

[0212] Thus, when the TDW for CPM is configured within the MG, the UE's MG can be configured based on the serving cell and can receive PRS from the serving cell's Transmit Receive Point (TRP) and other TRPs. Therefore, the start and end of the TDW for CPM can vary depending on how the TDW is configured. Therefore, the following options can be considered to determine the criteria for the UE to determine the start or end of the TDW for CPM within the MG.

[0213] (1) Alternative 1-1

[0214] The UE can repeatedly configure the TDW based on the number of timeslots explicitly indicated and configured in the MG. In other words, a higher node or LMF can instruct the UE to measure PRS using CPM and indicate a specific number of timeslots related to TDM. Alternatively, the UE can receive an indication of the specific number of timeslots related to TDM from a higher node along with an indication from the MG. That is, the UE can receive an indication of a specific number of timeslots based on the configured SCS of the MG and perform differentiation based on the PRS received within the indicated specific number of timeslots. Alternatively, when only a single PRS resource set exists within the indicated specific number of timeslots, the UE can perform joint combining on the PRS received within the indicated specific number of timeslots.

[0215] As described above, the MG configured for a UE can be configured based on the timeslot boundaries of the serving cell. If the TDW for CPM is configured based on an indication of a specific timeslot number for CPM, there may be situations where PRS resources or PRS are received across the TDW boundary. For example, if the PRS resources completely overlap with the TDW for CPM (i.e., if the PRS resources are received within the TDW for CPM), the UE may not have an issue measuring the PRS resources. However, if the PRS resources partially overlap with the TDW (i.e., if only a portion of the PRS resources are received within the TDW), the UE's measurement behavior based on the PRS resources may become ambiguous. In this case (partial overlap), the UE may not perform differentiation based on the PRS resources as previously agreed upon, or may not perform measurements based on the PRS resources. Even if the PRS resources or PRS are received within the MG, the UE may not perform measurement and / or reporting on the PRS resources received across the TDW boundary as in existing methods, or may report information about the partial overlap to the network and / or gNB as predefined or agreed upon. For example, the UE may report a predefined value (e.g., 0) in a report of PRS resources or RSRP, phase, or phase difference of PRS received across a TDW boundary, and the LMF or network may identify that the PRS resources cross the TDW boundary based on the report of the predefined value.

[0216] In the above manner, when configuring the TDW for CPM, the UE can consider repeatedly placing the TDW for CPM within the MG. The UE can sequentially place the TDW for CPM within the MG. That is, the UE can be configured with an MG of N consecutive time slots and can receive an indication of k time slots (i.e., the specific number of time slots described above) as the TDW size. In this case, the UE can repeatedly place a TDW of k time slots within the MG consisting of N time slots. At the same time, if k or fewer (or equal to or less than) time slots remain after the repeated placement of the TDW, the UE can determine that the TDW for CPM is not configured for the remaining time slots. Alternatively, the UE can sequentially place gaps between TDWs within the MG based on the periodicity of the PRS resource set (resource set) (or the periodicity of the received PRS resources). In other words, the UE can place the TDWs within the MG so that the gaps are determined based on the periodicity of the PRS resource set. Alternatively, the UE can explicitly receive an indication of the number of time slots for the gaps between TDWs.

[0217] For example, if a MG consisting of N consecutive time slots, a TDW of k time slots, and a gap of j time slots between TDWs are configured, the UE can place the TDW for CPM by repeating (k+j) time slots within the MG consisting of N time slots. If fewer than k time slots remain, the UE can determine that no TDW is configured for the remaining time slots.

[0218] (2) Alternative 1-2

[0219] The UE may receive an indication of the TDW or the size of the TDW by the number of PRS resource sets or the number of TRP IDs, etc., and configure the size of the TDW as the minimum time for receiving the indicated number of PRS resource sets or the minimum time for receiving PRS resources by the indicated number of TRPIDs.

[0220] This method implicitly determines the TDW for CPM. Even if the number of time slots constituting the size of the TDW is not explicitly indicated, the size of the TDW can be indirectly derived from the parameters configured for the UE (i.e., the number and / or periodicity of TRP IDs or the number and / or periodicity of PRS resource sets).

[0221] For example, if a UE is configured with N positioning frequency layers for positioning purposes, and f(N) TRP IDs (or different PRS resource set IDs from the same TRP) are indicated for each positioning frequency layer, the UE can derive the TDW (or TDW size) for CPM from the maximum or minimum f(N) among the configured f(N). Alternatively, for positioning frequency layers indicating CPM, the UE can derive the length of the TDW for CPM from the number of TRP IDs (or different PRS resource set IDs from the same TRP) or the number of PRS resource sets included in each positioning frequency layer. When deriving the TDW or TDW size for CPM in this manner, the UE can determine or judge the TDW or TDW size based on the SCS indicated in the positioning frequency layer. In this case, the UE can expect or assume that the (configured) PRS resources will always fully overlap within the TDW size. That is, the UE can expect that the PRS resources or PRS on the PRS resources will always be received within the configured TDW for CPM.

[0222] In other words, if the TDW size is derived from the number of TRP IDs or the number of PRS resource sets as described above, the UE can also determine that the start timing of the TDW corresponds to the timing associated with the TRP ID or the start timing of the PRS resource set. In other words, the start timing of the TDW can be determined based on the timing of each TRP or PRS resource set rather than the MG configured by the serving cell.

[0223] When TDWs for CPM are configured using the above method, the UE can repeatedly place the TDWs for CPM within the MG. The UE can sequentially place the TDWs for CPM within the MG in a continuous manner. That is, if the MG consists of N consecutive time slots and the TDW size is k time slots, the UE can repeatedly place TDWs consisting of k time slots within the MG consisting of N time slots. If the MG has fewer than k time slots remaining, the UE can determine that no TDWs are configured for the remaining time slots. Alternatively, the UE can sequentially place TDWs within the MG with gaps between them based on the periodicity of a received PRS resource set (such as the periodicity of the PRS resource set) or based on an explicit indication of the number of time slots between TDWs. That is, if the MG consists of N time slots, the TDW size is k time slots, and the gap between TDWs is j time slots, the UE can place the TDWs for CPM by repeating them for (k+j) time slots within the MG consisting of N time slots. If fewer than k time slots remain, the UE may determine that no TDW is configured for the remaining time slots.

[0224] When a TDW for CPM is configured as in Alternative 1-1, Alternative 1-2, etc., it can be determined that the UE is instructed not to perform differentiation or combination on the PRS for CPM included in different TCWs. In other words, when a TDW is configured according to the above method, the UE can perform differentiation or combination on the PRS only for the PRS resources received within the TDW.

[0225] Alternatively, when the TDW for CPM is configured by a method such as Alternative 1-1 or Alternative 1-2 or when the LMF configures the TDW for CPM, the following method may be considered. For example, the following elements or parameters may be considered as factors for determining the size M of the TDW for CPM.

[0226] The size M of the TDW can be derived based on time period X and time period Y. During time period X, the UE can maintain maximum reception timing and / or phase continuity (a time period that the LMF expects to be known due to reports or assistance information regarding UE capabilities). During time period Y, the transmitting end (such as an entity that sends PRS to the UE, like a TRP or gNB, for example, a positioning reference unit) can maintain maximum transmission timing and / or phase continuity. In this case, the LMF or the network can configure M determined based on time period X and time period Y as the size of the UE's TDW. For example, the size of the TDW can be determined based on a predefined function between X and Y, such as the smaller value between time period X and time period Y or the greatest common divisor of time period X and time period Y. The determined size of the TDW can be configured or indicated to the UE through assistance information or system information. Alternatively, the size of the TDW determined by a separate method without considering X and Y can be indicated to the UE through assistance information or system information.

[0227] Alternatively, after receiving the configuration and indication of the TDW for CPM, it can be determined that the UE is explicitly or implicitly instructed to perform differential measurement / reporting. In this case, when the UE performs differentiation on the PRS resources (PRS resource set) received in k time slots (i.e., when the TDW for CPM is configured using the above method), the UE can repeatedly place the TDW for CPM with a size of k within the MG configured for M time slots (when k < M). When the TDW is repeatedly placed within M time slots, the starting offset related to the position where the repetition of the TDW starts can be considered. For example, M can be time slots 1 to 10, k can be 2 time slots, and the starting offset N can be 3. In this case, the UE can repeatedly place the first TDW for time slots 3 and 4, the second TDW for time slots 5 and 6, the third TDW for time slots 7 and 8, and the fourth TDW for time slots 9 and 10 within the MG, and perform differentiation based on each TDW.

[0228] The above starting offset can be configured based on the reception timing of the PRS resources received by the UE from a specific TRP (such as a reference TRP). Here, the reference TRP can be a specific TRP indicated to the UE by the LMF through assistance information, or one of the specific TRPs configured through a previous protocol or arrangement. Therefore, the UE can configure the TDW (or window) for differentiation based on the reception timing of the PRS resources received from the reference TRP, and perform differentiation on the PRS resources received within the TDW.

[0229] In other words, the UE may be configured with the size of the TDW and the MG from the LMF or the network, and may determine the starting position or starting offset of the TDW based on the reception timing of the PRS sent from the reference TRP. In this case, the UE may repeatedly place the TDW starting at a time slot or timing after the starting offset from the starting timing of the MG.

[0230] 2. UE behavior in TDW for CPM

[0231] For the TDW time period configured using the method in "1" above, the UE may determine that a specific behavior is limited or instruct to perform a specific behavior. In this regard (or for the performance or limitation of a specific behavior), a description may be given based on the difference between the UE's measurements and other behavioral aspects.

[0232] (1) UE behavior related to measurements (especially differential)

[0233] The UE's differentiation within the TDW for CPM can be performed based on explicit instructions from the network (or gNB) or implicit rules based on the TDW configuration. The detailed rules related to this are as follows.

[0234] 1) Alternative 2-1: Implicit Indication for Differential

[0235] TDW can be indicated separately from whether differential is performed. Here, whether differential is performed can be implicitly indicated. When PRS is received from different TRPs (or different PRS resource sets from the same TRP) within a TDW, the UE can measure and report the phase difference value of the PRS between the TRPs (PRS resource sets) or report the difference between the measured values. In other words, when reporting the measurement results based on PRS, the UE can report the measured phase difference or the value derived from the phase difference. If PRS is received from a single TRP (PRS resource set) within a TDW, the UE can perform measurement by combining PRS. That is, in the measurement results of measuring and reporting PRS, the UE can report the measured phase or the value derived from the measured phase.

[0236] In other words, when receiving PRSs transmitted from different TRPs within a TDW, the UE may determine that it is implicitly instructed to perform differentiation, measure the phase difference between the PRSs, and report the measured value. On the other hand, if only PRSs transmitted from the same TRP are received within a TDW, the UE may determine that it is instructed to perform CPM phase measurement (instead of differentiation), and measure and report a phase value based on the combination of PRSs (i.e., the combined phase value of the PRSs, rather than the phase difference between the two PRSs).

[0237] For example, if the LMF specifies a positioning frequency layer for CPM-based positioning for the UE, and there is only a single TRP ID (or a different PRS resource set ID from the same TRP) in the positioning frequency layer, the UE can determine that phase measurement for CPM based on joint combination is configured without configuring differential. Here, joint combination may refer to improving the received SNR by combining multiple PRSs of frequency resources with the same symbol position in the same time slot. Alternatively, joint combination may refer to a method in which, when PRS resources of different staggered RE patterns are received from the same TRP (PRS resource set), the measurement results of the PRS resources of different patterns in the frequency domain are added (combined) to take into account the PRS of consecutive REs with larger BW. In this case, the UE can perform measurement and reporting based on the PRS of consecutive REs.

[0238] 2) Alternative 2-2: Explicit Indication for Differential

[0239] The indication for TDW and the indication for differential may be performed jointly, or the indication for differential and the indication for TDW may be performed separately from the indication for TDW. For example, only when the LMF explicitly instructs the UE to perform differential, the UE may measure / report the phase difference between PRSs received from different TRPs (or received from different PRS resource sets of the same TRP), or report the difference of the measured value. In the absence of such an explicit indication, the UE may perform measurement / reporting by jointly combining PRSs received from multiple different TRPs (or from different PRS resource sets of the same TRP). Alternatively, in the absence of an explicit indication, the UE may perform measurement / reporting by jointly combining PRSs received from the same TRP. Alternatively, when the indication for TDW and the indication for differential are jointly combined, the UE may determine that the indication for differential is given by the indication for TDW.

[0240] (2) UE behavior other than measurement (differential)

[0241] The UE can be restricted to certain behaviors within the TDW used for CPM. This is used to limit the variation of the time / clock offset of the PRS measured by the UE within the configured TDW for CPM to a certain range (a range of negligible levels).

[0242] First, the UE needs to maintain the same receive slot boundaries within the TDW. In other words, the UE can only change the receive slot boundaries at the boundaries of the TDW. Alternatively, if the slot boundaries change, the UE can reflect or report the changes in the slot boundaries for measurement.

[0243] Secondly, the UE can fix the phase-locked loop (PLL) to maintain the initial phase within the configured TDW. Alternatively, depending on the UE's PLL capabilities or the stability level of the PLL, the PLL used to ensure phase continuity may not be fixed. For example, after the UE transitions from a sleep state to another state (awake state) to activate the PLL, MG may begin before the clock error stabilizes (i.e., MG may begin before the PLL becomes stable). In this case, not only does the inaccurate clock offset continue to change, but a very inaccurate value (e.g., clock offset value) may be used. In this way, if phase continuity or timing error cannot be maintained, even when the UE is configured with a TDW for CPM and receives a PRS during the TDW period, the UE may, as an exception, not perform measurement / reporting or may report that measurement / reporting has not been performed. In other words, if the UE is instructed to perform measurements before the PLL stabilizes, the UE may, as an exception, not perform measurement / reporting as instructed without fixing the PLL.

[0244] Alternatively, when the TDW for CPM is used for differentiation purposes, the UE may determine that the UE has been instructed to maintain reception timing, Rx beam, channel coefficient, etc. within the TDW.

[0245] The UE's behavior described above can be broadly categorized into two scenarios. First, it can include periods of time within the TDW configured by the UE for CPM during which accumulation is performed. Second, it can include periods of time within the TDW configured by the UE for CPM during which differentiation is performed. In other words, from the UE's perspective, the TDW includes both consecutive periods for improving the received SNR and consecutive periods for eliminating errors from received PRS resources. In both cases, the UE can determine that differentiation or accumulation can only be performed within periods less than the TDW configured by the LMF or gNB for CPM using the method described in Section 1. Here, accumulation can refer to reception techniques used to improve the received SNR using methods such as joint decoding.

[0246] Under these assumptions, the UE can report to the LMF a request for the size M of the TDW for CPM configured by the LMF or gNB based on the preferred or received PRS resource measurement results. In other words, the UE can report or request a preferred size related to the size of the TDW or a size determined based on the measurement results. For example, although accumulation has been performed on PRS resources received within a period less than the TDW for CPM configured for the UE, if the SNR based on the accumulation is equal to or lower than a specific threshold, or if the received SNR of the measured PRS resources (without accumulation) is a specific threshold, the UE may not report the measured value of the received PRS resources in each case or a value derived from the measurement value to the LMF. Instead, the UE can request (through assistance information) the LMF or the network to configure the size of the TDW to a value larger than the configured size. Alternatively, even though the UE has performed differencing on PRS resources received within a period less than the configured CTDW, if the received SNR of the PRS is equal to or less than a specific threshold, or if the received SNR value of the PRS resource (without differencing) is equal to or less than a specific threshold, the UE may request the LMF to configure the TDW size to a size larger than the TDW size (via assistance information) without reporting the measured value of the PRS resource or a value derived based on the measured value. In other words, if the SNR of the PRS related to differencing is equal to or less than a specific threshold, the UE may request the LMF to increase the TDW size. Conversely, if the SNR quality of the PRS measured by the UE is sufficient, the UE may request the LMF to configure the TDW size to a value smaller than the TDW size. In other words, if the SNR quality of the measured PRS is sufficient, the UE may request the LMF to reduce the TDW size.

[0247] Alternatively, the UE can request the LMF to configure the TDW size to a larger or smaller value (via assistance information) based on the UE's preference, regardless of the process or results of the UE's measurement within the configured TDW for CPM. For example, this can prevent restrictions on transmission and reception with the serving cell when the MG or TDW period configured by the UE for performing differential or accumulation is long. In other words, to minimize restrictions on transmission and reception with the serving cell, the UE can request the LMF to reduce the MG period or TDW size regardless of CPM measurements.

[0248] Figure 12 is a diagram illustrating a method for a UE to perform CPM.

[0249] Reference Figure 12, the UE may receive configuration information from the network for sequentially and repeatedly configuring the TDW for CPM within the MG (S121). As previously described, the TDW is a time period for measuring / calculating a carrier phase value for positioning or a phase difference value between carriers for performing differential analysis related to positioning. The TDW may be configured based on the configuration method described in Section 1 above. For ease of description, it is assumed that the UE measures / calculates the phase difference for differential analysis during a time period corresponding to the TDW.

[0250] Specifically, the UE may determine the size of the TDW based on the specific number of time slots or the number of symbols included in the configuration information, and may configure / determine the TDW, wherein the TDW of the determined size is sequentially repeated within the MG. Alternatively, the UE may determine the size of the TDW based on the number of PRS resource sets or the number of TRP IDs included in the configuration information, and configure / determine the TDW, wherein the TDW of the determined size is sequentially repeated within the MG.

[0251] Alternatively, the UE may determine the size of the TDW based on the number of TRP IDs or PRS resource set IDs configured in the positioning frequency layer configured for the UE, and configure / determine the TDW, wherein TDWs of the determined size are sequentially repeated within the MG. For example, if the number of PRS resource sets configured in the positioning frequency layer is N, the UE may determine the time period for receiving all N PRS resource sets as the size of the TDW.

[0252] Alternatively, the UE may determine the start timing of TDW configuration within the MG based on a PRS signal received from a reference TRP related to the PRS. For example, the UE may receive information about a reference TRP or a reference PRS resource set related to CPM from the network. In this case, upon receiving a PRS from a reference TRP or a reference PRS resource set within the MG, the UE may determine the timing corresponding to the reception timing of the PRS (e.g., the timing of starting reception of the PRS transmitted from the reference TRP or the timing of starting reception of the PRS included in the reference PRS resource set) as the start timing of TWD configuration within the MG.

[0253] Alternatively, the UE may configure or specify a TDW within the MG based on configuration information including information about the size of the TDW and the gap between the TDWs. For example, the UE may configure (or specify) a TDW in which TDWs of the same size are sequentially repeated within the MG and the TDWs are separated by gaps.

[0254] Alternatively, the UE may receive configuration information including information regarding the size of the TDW, where the size of the TDW is determined based on the maximum time period during which the UE can maintain phase continuity. For example, the UE may transmit capability information regarding the maximum time period for maintaining phase continuity associated with signal reception to the network. In this case, the network may determine the size of the TDW for the UE based on the maximum time period included in the capability information and transmit configuration information for configuring the TDW with the determined TDW size. Alternatively, the network may determine the smaller of the maximum time period included in the capability information and the maximum time period during which the transmitter maintains phase continuity associated with signal transmission as the TDW size.

[0255] Next, the UE may measure the phase difference of the PRS based on the configuration information (S123). In other words, the UE may measure / calculate the phase difference of the PRS based on the TDW configured by the configuration information. The measurement of the phase difference may be performed according to the UE behavior described in Section "2" and / or the measurement behavior of the UE described in Section "1".

[0256] For example, the UE may measure the phase of each of the two PRSs received within a TDW and calculate the difference between the phases of the two PRSs to measure / calculate the phase difference. Meanwhile, the PRS used to measure the phase difference should be received within the same TDW. For example, the UE may receive at least one PRS in each TDW configured based on configuration information. In this case, the UE does not calculate / measure the phase difference of PRSs received in different TDWs. That is, the UE may measure the phase difference only for PRSs received in the same TDW. This is because the phase offset of the transmitter transmitting the PRS or the phase offset of the UE is guaranteed to remain unchanged within the time period of one TDW, but the consistency of the phase offset of the transmitter or the phase offset of the UE cannot be guaranteed between different TDWs. To this end, the UE needs to fix the PLL during the TDW period.

[0257] Alternatively, the UE may measure / calculate the phase difference based on PRS or PRS resources received from different TRPs (or different TRP IDs) within the same TDW.

[0258] Alternatively, the UE may determine whether to measure a phase difference or a single phase (i.e., rather than measuring the difference between two phases) based on whether the PRS received in the same TDW has been transmitted from different TRPs. For example, if only PRS transmitted from the same TRP is received within the same TDW, the UE may determine that the UE has been instructed to perform phase-based positioning (not differential) and may measure a single phase as measurement information about the TDW. On the other hand, if PRS transmitted from different TRPs are received within the same TDW, the UE may determine that the UE has been instructed to perform measurement based on differentials and may measure a phase difference, which is the difference between the phases measured for each of the two TRPs.

[0259] Next, the UE may report measurement information including information on the measured phase difference to the network (S125).As previously described, if the PRS is received across the TDW boundary, the UE may also report that the PRS has been received across the TDW boundary.

[0260] Figure 13 is a diagram illustrating a method in which a network receives a report on measurement information related to CPM from a UE.

[0261] Reference Figure 13 , the network may send configuration information to the UE for sequentially and repeatedly configuring the TDW for CPM within the MG (S131). As described above, the network may be a serving cell, gNB, and / or LMF. Here, as previously described, TDW is a time period for measuring / calculating a carrier phase value for positioning or a phase difference value between carriers for performing differential analysis related to positioning. TDW may be configured based on the configuration method described in Section "1" above.

[0262] For example, the network may send configuration information including a specific number of time slots, a specific number of symbols, a number of PRS resource sets, a number of TRPs, and / or information related to a specific size for determining the size of the TDW to the UE.

[0263] Next, the network may receive measurement information about a phase difference used for differentiation from the UE (S133). As described above, the phase difference is related to differentiation for eliminating clock errors at the transmitting or receiving end, and may be a phase difference measured for PRSs received only within the same TDW among the repeatedly configured TDWs. For example, the phase difference may be calculated based on PRSs or PRS resources received within the same TDW, and these PRSs may be transmitted from different TRPs or cells.

[0264] In this way, the UE can report information about the phase difference to the network, effectively eliminating timing errors in CPM by configuring a TDW that ensures phase continuity. In other words, since the UE can measure / calculate the phase difference using only the PRS received within the TDW that ensures phase continuity, it can effectively eliminate common error elements between transmitters or receivers from the phase difference.

[0265] Example of a communication system to which the present disclosure is applied

[0266] The various descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods and / or operational flowcharts of the present disclosure disclosed in this document may be applied to various fields requiring wireless communication / connection (5G) between devices, although not limited thereto.

[0267] Hereinafter, it will be illustrated in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.In the following drawings / descriptions, unless otherwise specified, the same reference numerals may illustrate the same or corresponding hardware blocks, software blocks or functional blocks.

[0268] Figure 14 A communication system 1 applied to the present disclosure is exemplified.

[0269] Reference Figure 14 , a communication system 1 applied to the present disclosure includes a wireless device, a base station (BS) and a network. Herein, a wireless device refers to a device that performs communication using a radio access technology (RAT) (e.g., 5G New RAT (NR) or Long Term Evolution (LTE)), and may be referred to as a communication / radio / 5G device. The wireless device may include, but is not limited to, a robot 100a, vehicles 100b-1 and 100b-2, an extended reality (XR) device 100c, a handheld device 100d, a home appliance 100e, an Internet of Things (IoT) device 100f, and an artificial intelligence (AI) device / server 400. For example, a vehicle may include a vehicle with a wireless communication function, an autonomous driving vehicle, and a vehicle capable of performing communication between vehicles. Herein, a vehicle may include an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) (e.g., a drone). XR devices may include augmented reality (AR) / virtual reality (VR) / mixed reality (MR) devices and may be implemented in the form of head-mounted devices (HMDs), head-up displays (HUDs) installed in vehicles, televisions, smartphones, computers, wearable devices, home appliance devices, digital signage, vehicles, robots, and the like. Handheld devices may include smartphones, smart pads, wearable devices (e.g., smart watches or smart glasses), and computers (e.g., notebooks). Home appliances may include TVs, refrigerators, and washing machines. IoT devices may include sensors and smart meters. For example, a BS and a network may be implemented as wireless devices, and a specific wireless device 200a may operate as a BS / network node relative to other wireless devices.

[0270] Wireless devices 100a to 100f can connect to network 300 via BS 200. AI technology can be applied to wireless devices 100a to 100f, and wireless devices 100a to 100f can connect to AI server 400 via network 300. Network 300 can be configured using a 3G network, a 4G (e.g., LTE) network, or a 5G (e.g., NR) network. Although wireless devices 100a to 100f can communicate with each other via BS 200 / network 300, wireless devices 100a to 100f can perform direct communication (e.g., sidelink communication) with each other without going through the BS / network. For example, vehicles 100b-1 and 100b-2 can perform direct communication (e.g., vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) / vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication). IoT devices (e.g., sensors) can perform direct communication with other IoT devices (e.g., sensors) or other wireless devices 100a to 100f.

[0271] Wireless communication / connection 150a, 150b, or 150c may be established between wireless devices 100a to 100f / BS 200 or BS 200 / BS 200. Here, wireless communication / connection may be established via various RATs (e.g., 5G NR), such as uplink / DL communication 150a, sidelink communication 150b (or D2D communication), or inter-BS communication (e.g., relay, integrated access backhaul (IAB)). The wireless device and the BS / wireless device may transmit / receive radio signals to / from each other via the wireless communication / connection 150a and 150b. For example, the wireless communication / connection 150a and 150b may transmit / receive signals via various physical channels. To this end, at least a portion of various configuration information for configuring processes for transmitting / receiving radio signals, various signal processing processes (e.g., channel coding / decoding, modulation / demodulation, and resource mapping / demapping), and resource allocation processes may be performed based on various proposals of the present disclosure.

[0272] Examples of wireless devices to which the present disclosure is applied

[0273] Figure 15 A wireless device suitable for use in the present disclosure is exemplified.

[0274] Reference Figure 15 , the first wireless device 100 and the second wireless device 200 can transmit radio signals through various RATs (e.g., LTE and NR). Herein, {the first wireless device 100 and the second wireless device 200} may correspond to Figure 14 {wireless device 100x and BS 200} and / or {wireless device 100x and wireless device 100x}.

[0275] The first wireless device 100 may include one or more processors 102 and one or more memories 104, and may further include one or more transceivers 106 and / or one or more antennas 108. The processor 102 may control the memory 104 and / or the transceiver 106 and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed herein. For example, the processor 102 may process information within the memory 104 to generate first information / signals, and then transmit a radio signal including the first information / signals through the transceiver 106. The processor 102 may receive a radio signal including second information / signals through the transceiver 106, and then store information obtained by processing the second information / signals in the memory 104. The memory 104 may be connected to the processor 102 and may store various information related to the operation of the processor 102. For example, the memory 104 may store software code including commands for executing some or all of the processes controlled by the processor 102 or for executing the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed herein. Herein, the processor 102 and the memory 104 may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement a RAT (e.g., LTE or NR). The transceiver 106 may be connected to the processor 102 and transmit and / or receive radio signals via one or more antennas 108. Each transceiver 106 may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. The transceiver 106 may be used interchangeably with a radio frequency (RF) unit. In this disclosure, a wireless device may refer to a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0276] According to one example, the first wireless device 100 or UE may include a processor 102 connected to an RF transceiver and include a memory 104. The memory 104 may include a processor capable of executing the instructions associated with the reference signal. Figures 10 to 13 At least one procedure of operations related to the described embodiments.

[0277] Specifically, the processor 102 may control the RF transceiver 106 to receive a configuration from the network for sequentially and repeatedly configuring the TDW for CPM within the MG, measure the phase difference of the PRS based on the configuration information, and report the phase difference measurement information to the network. Here, the phase difference measurement is performed only using PRSs received within the same TDW.

[0278] Alternatively, a chipset including the processor 102 and the memory 104 may be configured. In this case, the chipset includes the processor 102 and the memory configured to cause the processor 102 to perform operations. The operations may include: receiving configuration information from the network for sequentially and repeatedly configuring TDWs for CPM within the MG; measuring the phase difference of PRSs based on the configuration information; and reporting the phase difference measurement information to the network. Here, the phase difference is measured only using PRSs received within the same TDW.

[0279] The second wireless device 200 may include one or more processors 202 and one or more memories 204, and may also include one or more transceivers 206 and / or one or more antennas 208. The processor 202 may control the memory 204 and / or the transceiver 206 and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed herein. For example, the processor 202 may process information within the memory 204 to generate third information / signals, and then transmit a radio signal including the third information / signals through the transceiver 206. The processor 202 may receive a radio signal including fourth information / signals through the transceiver 206, and then store information obtained by processing the fourth information / signals in the memory 204. The memory 204 may be connected to the processor 202 and may store various information related to the operation of the processor 202. For example, the memory 204 may store software code including commands for executing some or all of the processes controlled by the processor 202 or for executing the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed herein. Herein, the processor 202 and the memory 204 may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement a RAT (e.g., LTE or NR). The transceiver 206 may be connected to the processor 202 and transmit and / or receive radio signals via one or more antennas 208. Each transceiver 206 may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. The transceiver 206 may be used interchangeably with an RF unit. In this disclosure, a wireless device may refer to a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0280] According to one embodiment, the BS or network may include a processor 202, a memory 204, and / or a transceiver 206. The processor 202 may control the transceiver 206 or the RF transceiver to transmit configuration information for sequentially and repeatedly configuring TDWs for carrier phase measurement within the MG to the UE, and measure the phase difference of the PRS based on the configuration information. Here, the measurement information includes the phase difference measured only using the PRS received within the same TDW.

[0281] Hereinafter, the hardware elements of the wireless devices 100 and 200 will be described in more detail. One or more protocol layers may be implemented by (but not limited to) one or more processors 102 and 202. For example, one or more processors 102 and 202 may implement one or more layers (e.g., functional layers such as PHY, MAC, RLC, PDCP, RRC, and SDAP). One or more processors 102 and 202 may generate one or more protocol data units (PDUs) and / or one or more service data units (SDUs) according to the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document. One or more processors 102 and 202 may generate messages, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document. The one or more processors 102 and 202 may generate a signal (e.g., a baseband signal) including a PDU, SDU, message, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document, and provide the generated signal to the one or more transceivers 106 and 206. The one or more processors 102 and 202 may receive a signal (e.g., a baseband signal) from one or more transceivers 106 and 206 and obtain the PDU, SDU, message, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document.

[0282] The one or more processors 102 and 202 may be referred to as controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, or microcomputers. The one or more processors 102 and 202 may be implemented by hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof. As an example, one or more application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), one or more digital signal processors (DSPs), one or more digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), one or more programmable logic devices (PLDs), or one or more field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) may be included in the one or more processors 102 and 202. The descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software, and the firmware or software may be configured to include modules, processes, or functions. The firmware or software configured to execute the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document may be included in the one or more processors 102 and 202 or stored in the one or more memories 104 and 204 to be driven by the one or more processors 102 and 202. The descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods and / or operational flow charts disclosed in this document may be implemented in the form of codes, commands and / or command sets using firmware or software.

[0283] One or more memories 104 and 204 may be connected to one or more processors 102 and 202 and store various types of data, signals, messages, information, programs, codes, instructions, and / or commands. One or more memories 104 and 204 may be configured by read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), flash memory, a hard drive, registers, cache memory, a computer-readable storage medium, and / or a combination thereof. One or more memories 104 and 204 may be located internally and / or externally to one or more processors 102 and 202. One or more memories 104 and 204 may be connected to one or more processors 102 and 202 via various technologies, such as wired or wireless connections.

[0284] One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may transmit user data, control information, and / or radio signals / channels mentioned in the methods and / or operational flowcharts of this document to one or more other devices. One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may receive user data, control information, and / or radio signals / channels mentioned in the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document from one or more other devices. For example, one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may be connected to one or more processors 102 and 202 and transmit and receive radio signals. For example, one or more processors 102 and 202 may execute control so that one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may transmit user data, control information, or radio signals to one or more other devices. One or more processors 102 and 202 may execute control so that one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may receive user data, control information, or radio signals from one or more other devices. One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may be connected to one or more antennas 108 and 208, and one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may be configured to transmit and receive user data, control information, and / or radio signals / channels mentioned in the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operational flow charts disclosed in this document through one or more antennas 108 and 208. In this document, one or more antennas may be multiple physical antennas or multiple logical antennas (e.g., antenna ports). One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may convert received radio signals / channels, etc. from RF band signals to baseband signals to process the received user data, control information, radio signals / channels, etc. using one or more processors 102 and 202. One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may convert user data, control information, radio signals / channels, etc. processed using one or more processors 102 and 202 from baseband signals to RF band signals. To this end, one or more of the transceivers 106 and 206 may include (analog) oscillators and / or filters.

[0285] Application examples of wireless devices to which the present invention is applied

[0286] Figure 16 Another example of a wireless device to which the present disclosure is applied is illustrated.

[0287] Reference Figure 16 , the wireless devices 100 and 200 may correspond to Figure 15The wireless devices 100 and 200 may be configured by various elements, components, units / parts and / or modules. For example, each of the wireless devices 100 and 200 may include a communication unit 110, a control unit 120, a memory unit 130 and an additional component 140. The communication unit may include a communication circuit 112 and a transceiver 114. For example, the communication circuit 112 may include Figure 15 The one or more processors 102 and 202 and / or the one or more memories 104 and 204 of the present invention may include: Figure 15 The control unit 120 is electrically connected to the communication unit 110, the storage unit 130, and the additional components 140, and controls the overall operation of the wireless device. For example, the control unit 120 may control the electrical / mechanical operation of the wireless device based on the program / code / command / information stored in the storage unit 130. The control unit 120 may transmit information stored in the storage unit 130 to the outside (e.g., other communication devices) via the communication unit 110 through a wireless / wired interface, or store information received from the outside (e.g., other communication devices) via the communication unit 110 through a wireless / wired interface in the storage unit 130.

[0288] The additional components 140 may be configured differently depending on the type of wireless device. For example, the additional components 140 may include at least one of a power supply unit / battery, an input / output (I / O) unit, a drive unit, and a computing unit. The wireless device may be configured in accordance with, but not limited to, a robot ( Figure 14 100a), vehicle ( Figure 14 100b-1 and 100b-2), XR devices ( Figure 14 100c), handheld device ( Figure 14 100d), household appliances ( Figure 14 100e), IoT devices ( Figure 14 100f), digital broadcasting terminal, holographic device, public safety device, MTC device, medical device, fintech device (or financial device), security device, climate / environmental device, AI server / device ( Figure 14 400), BS( Figure 14 200), network nodes, etc. The wireless device can be used in a mobile or fixed location depending on the use case / service.

[0289] exist Figure 16In the wireless devices 100 and 200, the various elements, components, units / portions, and / or modules may all be connected to each other via a wired interface, or at least a portion thereof may be wirelessly connected via the communication unit 110. For example, in each of the wireless devices 100 and 200, the control unit 120 and the communication unit 110 may be wired, and the control unit 120 and the first unit (e.g., 130 and 140) may be wirelessly connected via the communication unit 110. The various elements, components, units / portions, and / or modules within the wireless devices 100 and 200 may also include one or more elements. For example, the control unit 120 may be configured by a collection of one or more processors. As an example, the control unit 120 may be configured by a collection of a communication control processor, an application processor, an electronic control unit (ECU), a graphics processing unit, and a memory control processor. As another example, the memory 130 may be configured by a random access memory (RAM), a dynamic RAM (DRAM), a read-only memory (ROM), a flash memory, a volatile memory, a non-volatile memory, and / or a combination thereof.

[0290] Here, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless device (XXX, YYY) of this specification may include LTE, NR, and 6G in addition to narrowband IoT for low-power communication. In this case, for example, NB-IoT technology may be an example of low-power wide area network (LPWAN) technology and may be implemented according to standards such as LTE Cat NB1 and / or LTE Cat NB2, and is not limited to the above names. Additionally or alternatively, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless device (XXX, YYY) of this specification may perform communication based on LTE-M technology. In this case, as an example, LTE-M technology may be an example of LPWAN technology and may be referred to by various names such as eMTC (enhanced machine type communication). For example, LTE-M technology may be implemented according to at least one of various standards such as 1) LTE CAT 0, 2) LTE Cat M1, 3) LTE Cat M2, 4) LTE non-BL (non-bandwidth limited), 5) LTE-MTC, 6) LTE machine type communication, and / or 7) LTE M, and is not limited to the above names. Additionally or alternatively, considering low-power communication, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless device (XXX, YYY) of this specification is at least one of ZigBee, Bluetooth, and a low-power wide area network (LPWAN), and is not limited to the above names. As an example, ZigBee technology can generate a personal area network (PAN) related to low / low-power digital communication based on various standards such as IEEE 802.15.4, and can be referred to by various names.

[0291] The above-mentioned embodiments are embodiments in which the components and features of the present disclosure are combined in a predetermined form. Unless expressly stated otherwise, each component or feature should be considered optional. Each component or feature can be implemented in a form not combined with other components or features. In addition, the embodiments of the present disclosure can also be constructed by combining some components and / or features. The order of the operations described in the embodiments of the present disclosure can be changed. Some configurations or features of one embodiment can be included in other embodiments, or can be replaced with corresponding configurations or features of other embodiments. Obviously, an embodiment can be constructed by combining claims that do not have an explicit reference relationship in the claims, or can be included as a new claim by being amended after submission.

[0292] In this document, the embodiments of the present disclosure are described mainly based on the signal transmission / reception relationship between the terminal and the base station. Such a transmission / reception relationship is extended to the signal transmission / reception between the terminal and the repeater or between the base station and the repeater in the same / similar manner. In some cases, the specific operations described in this document as being performed by the base station can be performed by the node above it. That is, it is obvious that the various operations performed for communicating with the terminal in a network including multiple network nodes containing the base station can be performed by the base station or by a network node other than the base station. The base station can be replaced by terms such as fixed station, node B, eNode B (eNB), access point, etc. In addition, the terminal can be replaced by terms such as user equipment (UE), mobile station (MS), mobile subscriber station (MSS).

[0293] In hardware configuration, the embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented by one or more application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), digital signal processors (DSPs), digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), processors, controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, and the like.

[0294] In a firmware or software configuration, the method according to the embodiment of the present disclosure can be implemented in the form of modules, procedures, functions, etc. The software code can be stored in a storage unit and executed by a processor. The memory is located inside or outside the processor and can send data to the processor and receive data from the processor via various known means.

[0295] As previously described, a detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present disclosure has been given so that those skilled in the art can implement and perform the present disclosure. Although the above has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present disclosure, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations may be made to the present disclosure within the scope of the present disclosure.

[0296] Industrial Applicability

[0297] The above-mentioned embodiments of the present disclosure are applicable to various mobile communication systems.

Claims

1. A method for performing carrier phase measurement by a user equipment UE in a wireless communication system, the method comprising: receiving configuration information from a network for sequentially and repeatedly configuring a time domain window TDW for the carrier phase measurement within a measurement gap; Measuring a phase difference of a positioning reference signal PRS based on the configuration information; as well as reporting measurement information about the phase difference to the network, The phase difference is measured using only the PRS received within the same TDW.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The size of the TDW is determined based on a specific number of time slots or a specific number of symbols included in the configuration information.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The size of the TDW is determined based on the number of PRS resource sets or the number of transmission and reception points TRP included in the configuration information.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The size of the TDW is determined based on the number of transmit / receive points TRPs or the number of PRS resource sets configured in the positioning frequency layer configured for the UE.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The configuration information includes information about the size of the TDWs and the gaps between TDWs.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The size of the TDW is determined based on a maximum time period for which the UE maintains phase continuity.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The configuration information includes information about a reference transmission and reception point TRP related to the PRS.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein: repeatedly configuring the TDW starting from a specific timing within the measurement gap, and The specific timing is determined based on the timing of receiving the PRS from the reference TRP within the measurement gap.

9. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The UE fixes a phase-locked loop (PLL) during a period of the TDW. 10 . A computer-readable recording medium in which a program for executing the method according to claim 1 is recorded.

11. A user equipment UE for performing carrier phase measurement in a wireless communication system, the UE comprising: Radio frequency RF transceiver; as well as a processor connected to the RF receiver, The processor controls the RF transceiver to receive configuration information for sequentially and repeatedly configuring a time domain window TDW for the carrier phase measurement within a measurement gap from a network; measures a phase difference of a positioning reference signal PRS based on the configuration information; and reports measurement information about the phase difference to the network, and The phase difference is measured using only the PRS received within the same TDW.

12. A method for receiving, by a network, a report on measurement information from a user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system, the method comprising: Sending configuration information for sequentially and repeatedly configuring a time domain window TDW for carrier phase measurement in a measurement gap to the UE; as well as Measuring a phase difference of a positioning reference signal PRS based on the configuration information, The measurement information includes the phase difference measured using only the PRS received within the same TDW.

13. The method according to claim 12, wherein: The size of the TDW is indicated based on the configuration information including a specific number of time slots or a specific number of symbols.

14. The method according to claim 12, wherein: The size of the TDW is indicated based on the configuration information including the number of PRS resource sets or the number of transmission and reception point TRP identification IDs.

15. A chipset for performing carrier phase measurement in a wireless communication system, the chipset comprising: at least one processor; as well as at least one memory operatively connected to the at least one processor and configured to, when executed, cause the at least one processor to perform operations, The operation includes: receiving configuration information from a network for sequentially and repeatedly configuring a time domain window TDW for the carrier phase measurement within a measurement gap; measuring a phase difference of a positioning reference signal PRS based on the configuration information; and reporting measurement information about the phase difference to the network. The phase difference is measured using only the PRS received within the same TDW.

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