Laser welding parameter generation method for welding seam low deformation control

Abstract

The invention discloses a laser welding parameter generation method for welding seam low deformation control, and relates to the technical field of laser welding, and the laser welding parameter generation method comprises the following steps: forming a deformation factor for a deformation characteristic; establishing a corresponding relation between the welding parameters and the deformation characteristics; necessary factors and unnecessary factors are obtained; obtaining weight influence factors of the necessary factors; calculating a deformation coefficient of the preparatory welding scheme; selecting a preparatory welding scheme with a deformation coefficient smaller than an allowable value as a characteristic welding scheme; calculating the total welding time of the feature welding scheme; the feature welding scheme with the minimum total welding time is selected as a target welding scheme; and the parameters in the target welding scheme are used for welding. According to the method, deformation factors are formed for deformation features, necessary factors are weighted, a welding time influence model of the necessary factors and unnecessary factors is established, the influence relation between welding parameters and the deformation features is analyzed, and the time of a feature welding scheme is evaluated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of laser welding, and in particular to a method for generating laser welding parameters for low-deformation control of welds. Background Art

[0002] Laser welding is an efficient and precise welding method that uses a high-energy-density laser beam as a heat source. Laser welding is an important aspect of the application of laser material processing technology. In the 1970s, it was mainly used for welding thin-walled materials and low-speed welding. The welding process is a heat conduction type, that is, the laser radiation heats the surface of the workpiece, and the surface heat diffuses to the inside through heat conduction. By controlling the width, energy, peak power and repetition frequency of the laser pulse, the workpiece is melted to form a specific molten pool.

[0003] During welding, deformation is prone to occur, which will affect the welding effect. However, the relationship between welding parameters and deformation is not clear, and each parameter contributes differently to deformation. Therefore, it is difficult to determine the specific parameters to reduce deformation. At the same time, when the welding parameters are adjusted, the welding efficiency will also be affected. The existing technology lacks a balance between efficiency and deformation. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, a method for generating laser welding parameters for low deformation control of welds is provided. The technical solution solves the problem that the relationship between welding parameters and deformation proposed in the above background technology is not clear, and each parameter contributes differently to the deformation. Therefore, it is difficult to determine the specific parameters for reducing deformation. At the same time, when the welding parameters are adjusted, the welding efficiency will also be affected. The existing technology lacks a balance between efficiency and deformation.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A laser welding parameter generation method for low-deformation control of welds, comprising:

[0007] Acquire at least one welding parameter during laser welding, and acquire at least one deformation feature of weld deformation;

[0008] Based on the influence on the weld deformation, a deformation factor is formed for the deformation characteristics;

[0009] A corresponding relationship is established between the welding parameters and the deformation characteristics, and the welding parameters corresponding to the deformation characteristics are used as deformation factors of the deformation characteristics;

[0010] Classify the deformation factors to obtain necessary factors and non-essential factors;

[0011] Based on the degree of influence on the deformation characteristics, the necessary factors are weighted to obtain the weight influence factors of the necessary factors;

[0012] Establish the welding time influence model of necessary and non-essential factors;

[0013] forming at least one preliminary welding plan for laser welding;

[0014] Calculate the deformation coefficient of the preliminary welding plan and form the allowable value of the deformation coefficient based on historical data;

[0015] Select a preliminary welding scheme with a deformation coefficient less than the allowable value as the characteristic welding scheme;

[0016] Based on the welding time influence model of essential factors and non-essential factors, the overall welding time of the characteristic welding scheme is calculated;

[0017] Select the characteristic welding scheme with the shortest overall welding time as the target welding scheme;

[0018] Laser welding was performed using the parameters in the target welding plan.

[0019] Preferably, the forming of a deformation factor for the deformation feature based on the influence on the weld deformation comprises the following steps:

[0020] Taking one of the at least one deformation features as a target deformation feature, and taking the remaining deformation features as non-target deformation features;

[0021] Under the condition that the deformation variables of the non-target deformation features are all preset values ​​and the deformation variables of the target deformation features are all preset values, obtaining a first deformation image of the weld;

[0022] Under the condition that the deformation variables of the non-target deformation features are all preset values ​​and the deformation variables of the target deformation features are twice the preset value, a second deformation image of the weld is obtained;

[0023] Pairing pixels with the same relative position in the first deformed image and the second deformed image;

[0024] The paired pixels with different pixel values ​​are regarded as difference pixels;

[0025] The number of difference pixels is divided by the total number of pixels of the first deformed image to obtain a difference coefficient between the first deformed image and the second deformed image;

[0026] The difference coefficient is used as the deformation factor of the target deformation feature;

[0027] When the target deformation feature traverses at least one deformation feature, a deformation factor is formed for each deformation feature.

[0028] Preferably, the establishing of a corresponding relationship between the welding parameters and the deformation characteristics, and using the welding parameters corresponding to the deformation characteristics as the deformation factors of the deformation characteristics comprises the following steps:

[0029] Obtaining a value range of a welding parameter, dividing the value range of the welding parameter into equal intervals, and obtaining at least one welding point;

[0030] Under the welding condition that the welding parameter value is the value at the welding point, a weld deformation image is obtained;

[0031] When a deformation feature exists in one of the at least one weld deformation images, the deformation feature is matched with a welding parameter, and the welding parameter corresponding to the deformation feature is used as a deformation factor of the deformation feature.

[0032] Preferably, the step of classifying the deformation factors to obtain necessary factors and non-essential factors comprises the following steps:

[0033] Performing deformation feature recognition on at least one weld deformation image of the welding parameters;

[0034] When at least one weld deformation image has deformation features, the deformation factor consistent with the welding parameters is taken as a necessary factor;

[0035] When one of the at least one weld deformation image does not have a deformation feature, the weld deformation image without the deformation feature is used as a target weld deformation image;

[0036] The deformation factors consistent with the welding parameters are regarded as non-essential factors, the values ​​at the welding points corresponding to the target weld deformation image are regarded as feature values, and the feature values ​​are paired with the non-essential factors.

[0037] Preferably, the step of weighting the necessary factors to obtain the weighted influencing factors of the necessary factors comprises the following steps:

[0038] At least one of the necessary factors is regarded as a target necessary factor, and the remaining necessary factors are regarded as non-target necessary factors;

[0039] Under the conditions that all non-target necessary factors are set to preset parameters, the target necessary factors are set to preset parameters, and the non-necessary factors are set to corresponding characteristic values, a first deformation variable of the deformation feature is obtained;

[0040] Under the conditions that all non-target necessary factors are set to preset parameters, the target necessary factors are set to 2 times the preset parameters, and the non-necessary factors are set to corresponding characteristic values, a second deformation variable of the deformation feature is obtained;

[0041] Use the weight influence formula to calculate the weight influence factor of the target necessary factors;

[0042] When the target necessary factor traverses at least one necessary factor, the weighted influence factor of each necessary factor is obtained;

[0043] The weight influence formula is as follows:

[0044]

[0045] Among them, A is the weighted influencing factor of the target necessary factor, i is the subscript, n is the total number of deformation features corresponding to the target necessary factor, a i is the second deformation variable of the i-th deformation feature corresponding to the target necessary factor, b i is the deformation factor of the i-th deformation feature corresponding to the target necessary factor, c i is the first deformation variable of the i-th deformation feature corresponding to the target necessary factor.

[0046] Preferably, the establishment of the welding time influence model of necessary factors and non-essential factors comprises the following steps:

[0047] Obtaining a value range of the welding temperature, dividing the value range of the welding temperature at equal intervals, and obtaining at least one temperature point;

[0048] Under the condition that the welding temperature is equal to the value at the temperature point, obtain the sample welding speed;

[0049] The value at the temperature point is paired and fitted with the welding speed of the sample to obtain a speed fitting function;

[0050] Obtaining a value range of a necessary factor, dividing the value range of the necessary factor at equal intervals, and obtaining at least one necessary point;

[0051] Randomly assign values ​​to necessary factors and non-essential factors. Each combination of values ​​of necessary factors and non-essential factors constitutes a parameter scheme. The value of the necessary factor is one of the corresponding at least one necessary point, and the value of the non-essential factor is the corresponding characteristic value.

[0052] Under the condition of the parameter scheme, the actual welding temperature is obtained as the characteristic temperature of the parameter scheme;

[0053] The speed fitting function and the characteristic temperature of at least one parameter scheme are summarized to obtain the welding time influence model of the necessary factors and non-essential factors.

[0054] Preferably, forming at least one preliminary welding scheme for laser welding comprises the following steps:

[0055] At least one parameter scheme is used as at least one preliminary welding scheme, and a characteristic temperature of the parameter scheme is allocated to the corresponding preliminary welding scheme.

[0056] Preferably, the calculation of the deformation coefficient of the preliminary welding scheme comprises the following steps:

[0057] Using the first deformation formula, calculating the deformation coefficient of the preliminary welding scheme;

[0058] The first deformation formula is as follows:

[0059]

[0060] Where B is the deformation coefficient of the preliminary welding scheme, j is the subscript, m is the total number of necessary factors, and e j is the value of the jth necessary factor in the preparation welding plan, f j is the weight influencing factor of the jth necessary factor in the preparation welding plan.

[0061] Preferably, the forming of the allowable value of the deformation coefficient based on the historical data comprises the following steps:

[0062] Based on the historical data, at least one historical welding scheme is obtained, where the historical welding scheme is a scheme with qualified welding deformation, the values ​​of necessary factors in the historical welding scheme are historical values, and the values ​​of non-essential factors are characteristic values;

[0063] Using the second deformation formula, the deformation coefficient of the historical welding scheme is calculated;

[0064] The maximum value of the deformation coefficient of at least one historical welding scheme is used as the allowable value of the deformation coefficient;

[0065] The second deformation formula is as follows:

[0066]

[0067] Where C is the deformation coefficient of the historical welding scheme, k is the subscript, m is the total number of necessary factors, g k is the historical value of the kth necessary factor in the historical welding plan, f k is the weight influencing factor of the kth necessary factor in the historical welding plan.

[0068] Preferably, the welding time influence model based on the necessary factors and non-essential factors to calculate the overall welding time of the characteristic welding scheme includes the following steps:

[0069] Substitute the characteristic temperature corresponding to the characteristic welding scheme into the speed fitting function to obtain the characteristic welding speed;

[0070] Obtain the total amount of welding required during actual welding;

[0071] The total welding volume is divided by the characteristic welding speed to obtain the overall welding time for the characteristic welding plan.

[0072] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0073] By forming deformation factors for deformation characteristics, weighting necessary factors, establishing welding time influence models of necessary factors and non-essential factors, and screening preliminary welding schemes, the influence relationship between welding parameters and deformation characteristics can be analyzed, and based on the results of the analysis, the deformation coefficient of the preliminary welding scheme can be calculated. Thus, at least one characteristic welding scheme that meets the deformation requirements can be preliminarily obtained. At the same time, in order to control the efficiency of welding, the time consumption of the characteristic welding scheme is evaluated, and then the scheme with the highest time efficiency can be selected. Thus, the obtained scheme can take into account the influence of both efficiency and deformation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0074] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of a method for generating laser welding parameters for low-deformation control of welds according to the present invention;

[0075] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a process of forming a deformation factor based on the deformation characteristics of the present invention based on the influence on the weld deformation;

[0076] Figure 3 A schematic flow chart of establishing a corresponding relationship between welding parameters and deformation characteristics and using the welding parameters corresponding to the deformation characteristics as deformation factors of the deformation characteristics according to the present invention;

[0077] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a process for classifying deformation factors to obtain necessary factors and non-essential factors according to the present invention;

[0078] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a process of weighting necessary factors to obtain weighted influencing factors of the necessary factors of the present invention;

[0079] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a flow chart of establishing a welding time influence model of necessary factors and non-essential factors of the present invention;

[0080] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a process for forming an allowable value of a deformation coefficient based on historical data of the present invention;

[0081] Figure 8 The figure is a flow chart of calculating the overall welding time of a characteristic welding scheme based on the welding time influence model of the present invention based on necessary factors and non-essential factors. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0082] The following description is used to disclose the present invention so that those skilled in the art can implement the present invention. The preferred embodiments described below are only examples, and those skilled in the art may think of other obvious variations.

[0083] Reference Figure 1 As shown, a laser welding parameter generation method for low-deformation control of welds comprises:

[0084] Acquire at least one welding parameter during laser welding, and acquire at least one deformation feature of weld deformation;

[0085] Based on the influence on the weld deformation, a deformation factor is formed for the deformation characteristics;

[0086] A corresponding relationship is established between the welding parameters and the deformation characteristics, and the welding parameters corresponding to the deformation characteristics are used as deformation factors of the deformation characteristics;

[0087] Classify the deformation factors to obtain necessary factors and non-essential factors;

[0088] Based on the degree of influence on the deformation characteristics, the necessary factors are weighted to obtain the weight influence factors of the necessary factors;

[0089] Establish the welding time influence model of necessary and non-essential factors;

[0090] forming at least one preliminary welding plan for laser welding;

[0091] Calculate the deformation coefficient of the preliminary welding plan and form the allowable value of the deformation coefficient based on historical data;

[0092] Select a preliminary welding scheme with a deformation coefficient less than the allowable value as the characteristic welding scheme;

[0093] Based on the welding time influence model of essential factors and non-essential factors, the overall welding time of the characteristic welding scheme is calculated;

[0094] Select the characteristic welding scheme with the shortest overall welding time as the target welding scheme;

[0095] Laser welding was performed using the parameters in the target welding plan.

[0096] In this scheme, since the weld deformation has different deformation characteristics, there are also multiple welding parameters during laser welding, but different welding parameters will cause different deformation characteristics. At the same time, the adjustment of welding parameters will also change the deformation characteristics affected by them differently. Therefore, it is difficult to determine the comprehensive effect of the deformation characteristics. Therefore, it is difficult to accurately determine the value of the welding parameters when controlling low deformation. At the same time, since the welding speed mainly depends on the temperature, because the welding process is essentially a melting and re-solidification process, and the temperature is affected by the welding parameters, when the welding temperature is low enough, the deformation caused will be relatively small, but at the same time, the welding speed will also be affected;

[0097] In this scheme, by establishing the welding time influence model of the necessary factors and non-essential factors and analyzing the influence of welding parameters on weld deformation, the deformation and welding speed can be balanced.

[0098] Reference Figure 2 As shown, based on the influence on the weld deformation, forming a deformation factor for the deformation feature includes the following steps:

[0099] Taking one of the at least one deformation features as a target deformation feature, and taking the remaining deformation features as non-target deformation features;

[0100] Under the condition that the deformation variables of the non-target deformation features are all preset values ​​and the deformation variables of the target deformation features are all preset values, obtaining a first deformation image of the weld;

[0101] Under the condition that the deformation variables of the non-target deformation features are all preset values ​​and the deformation variables of the target deformation features are twice the preset value, a second deformation image of the weld is obtained;

[0102] Pairing pixels with the same relative position in the first deformed image and the second deformed image;

[0103] The paired pixels with different pixel values ​​are regarded as difference pixels;

[0104] The number of difference pixels is divided by the total number of pixels of the first deformed image to obtain a difference coefficient between the first deformed image and the second deformed image;

[0105] The difference coefficient is used as the deformation factor of the target deformation feature;

[0106] When the target deformation feature traverses at least one deformation feature, a deformation factor is formed for each deformation feature.

[0107] Each deformation feature has a different effect on weld deformation. Therefore, for subsequent deformation evaluation, it is necessary to form a deformation factor for each deformation feature, and the deformation factor is obtained by controlling the variables. In the first deformation image, the deformation variables of all non-target deformation features and target deformation features are preset values, but in the second deformation image, the deformation variable of the target deformation feature is twice the preset value, while the value of the non-target deformation feature remains unchanged. Therefore, the second deformation image and the first deformation image are both caused by the target deformation feature. Therefore, the corresponding difference coefficient can be calculated. Since the conditions for obtaining the difference coefficients of different target deformation features are the same, the difference coefficient can be used as the deformation factor of the target deformation feature.

[0108] Reference Figure 3As shown, establishing a corresponding relationship between welding parameters and deformation characteristics, and using the welding parameters corresponding to the deformation characteristics as deformation factors of the deformation characteristics includes the following steps:

[0109] Obtaining a value range of a welding parameter, dividing the value range of the welding parameter into equal intervals, and obtaining at least one welding point;

[0110] Under the welding condition that the welding parameter value is the value at the welding point, a weld deformation image is obtained;

[0111] When a deformation feature exists in one of the at least one weld deformation images, the deformation feature is matched with a welding parameter, and the welding parameter corresponding to the deformation feature is used as a deformation factor of the deformation feature.

[0112] There is a corresponding relationship between welding parameters and deformation characteristics. Because the values ​​of welding parameters may not necessarily lead to the generation of deformation characteristics, it is necessary to determine the deformation characteristics associated with the welding parameters. This is necessary for the subsequent weighting of welding parameters. Otherwise, it is impossible to determine the deformation amount caused by the change of welding parameters, because the deformation amount of at least one deformation characteristic is not all caused by the welding parameters.

[0113] Reference Figure 4 As shown, classifying the deformation factors to obtain necessary factors and non-essential factors includes the following steps:

[0114] Performing deformation feature recognition on at least one weld deformation image of the welding parameters;

[0115] When at least one weld deformation image has deformation features, the deformation factor consistent with the welding parameters is taken as a necessary factor;

[0116] When one of the at least one weld deformation image does not have a deformation feature, the weld deformation image without the deformation feature is used as a target weld deformation image;

[0117] The deformation factors consistent with the welding parameters are regarded as non-essential factors, the values ​​at the welding points corresponding to the target weld deformation image are regarded as feature values, and the feature values ​​are paired with the non-essential factors.

[0118] The purpose of classifying deformation factors is that some welding parameters will not cause deformation after being set to specific values. Therefore, in order to simplify the control of deformation, these welding parameters are regarded as non-essential factors, and the characteristic values ​​of non-essential factors are obtained. When the non-essential factors are taken as characteristic values, deformation will not be caused. In the subsequent testing process, the non-essential factors need to be taken as characteristic values, so that only the necessary factors need to be considered in the test, thereby simplifying the acquisition and calculation of data.

[0119] Reference Figure 5As shown, weighting the necessary factors to obtain the weighted influencing factors of the necessary factors includes the following steps:

[0120] At least one of the necessary factors is regarded as a target necessary factor, and the remaining necessary factors are regarded as non-target necessary factors;

[0121] Under the conditions that all non-target necessary factors are set to preset parameters, the target necessary factors are set to preset parameters, and the non-necessary factors are set to corresponding characteristic values, a first deformation variable of the deformation feature is obtained;

[0122] Under the conditions that all non-target necessary factors are set to preset parameters, the target necessary factors are set to 2 times the preset parameters, and the non-necessary factors are set to corresponding characteristic values, a second deformation variable of the deformation feature is obtained;

[0123] Use the weight influence formula to calculate the weight influence factor of the target necessary factors;

[0124] When the target necessary factor traverses at least one necessary factor, the weighted influence factor of each necessary factor is obtained;

[0125] The weight influence formula is as follows:

[0126]

[0127] Among them, A is the weighted influencing factor of the target necessary factor, i is the subscript, n is the total number of deformation features corresponding to the target necessary factor, a i is the second deformation variable of the i-th deformation feature corresponding to the target necessary factor, b i is the deformation factor of the i-th deformation feature corresponding to the target necessary factor, c i is the first deformation variable of the i-th deformation feature corresponding to the target necessary factor.

[0128] Here, in the formula calculation, the deformation feature corresponding to the target necessary factor is used. The reason is that the deformation variables of the deformation feature are not all caused by the target necessary factor. Therefore, when calculating, it should not be included in the denominator and numerator of the formula, because this will increase the proportion of irrelevant data in the formula. As a result, there is a large gap between the obtained factor and the actual required factor, and the data calculated based on the factor is insufficient for reference;

[0129] In the weight influence formula, the denominator is the overall deformation of the second deformation variable, and the numerator is the overall deformation of the first deformation variable. Therefore, the ratio of the two can be used to estimate the deformation. At the same time, since the conditions for obtaining the weight influence factors of different target necessary factors are the same, it is reasonable to use the weight influence factors of the target necessary factors as the weight, which can reflect the criticality of the target necessary factors.

[0130] Reference Figure 6 As shown in the figure, establishing the welding time influence model of necessary factors and non-essential factors includes the following steps:

[0131] Obtaining a value range of the welding temperature, dividing the value range of the welding temperature at equal intervals, and obtaining at least one temperature point;

[0132] Under the condition that the welding temperature is equal to the value at the temperature point, obtain the sample welding speed;

[0133] The value at the temperature point is paired and fitted with the welding speed of the sample to obtain a speed fitting function;

[0134] Obtaining a value range of a necessary factor, dividing the value range of the necessary factor at equal intervals, and obtaining at least one necessary point;

[0135] Randomly assign values ​​to necessary factors and non-essential factors. Each combination of values ​​of necessary factors and non-essential factors constitutes a parameter scheme. The value of the necessary factor is one of the corresponding at least one necessary point, and the value of the non-essential factor is the corresponding characteristic value.

[0136] Under the condition of the parameter scheme, the actual welding temperature is obtained as the characteristic temperature of the parameter scheme;

[0137] The speed fitting function and the characteristic temperature of at least one parameter scheme are summarized to obtain the welding time influence model of the necessary factors and non-essential factors.

[0138] Here, by calculating the temperature and establishing a relationship function between temperature and welding speed, it is convenient to estimate the actual welding time later, thereby selecting a more efficient solution.

[0139] In the above process, for all the segmentation processes, when the segmentation interval is small enough, the value of the point obtained is sufficient to approximate all situations and meet the accuracy requirements.

[0140] Forming at least one preliminary welding plan for laser welding comprises the following steps:

[0141] At least one parameter scheme is used as at least one preliminary welding scheme, and a characteristic temperature of the parameter scheme is allocated to the corresponding preliminary welding scheme.

[0142] Calculating the deformation coefficient of the preliminary welding plan includes the following steps:

[0143] Using the first deformation formula, calculating the deformation coefficient of the preliminary welding scheme;

[0144] The first deformation formula is as follows:

[0145]

[0146] Where B is the deformation coefficient of the preliminary welding scheme, j is the subscript, m is the total number of necessary factors, and e j is the value of the jth necessary factor in the preparation welding plan, f j is the weight influencing factor of the jth necessary factor in the preparation welding plan.

[0147] Since the values ​​of the necessary factors in the preliminary welding scheme are determined, and since the weight influence factors of the necessary factors are determined, the weight influence factors are the overall influence of the necessary factors on the weld deformation. Therefore, the deformation coefficient of the preliminary welding scheme calculated through the first deformation formula can reflect the overall deformation caused by the preliminary welding scheme.

[0148] Reference Figure 7 As shown, based on historical data, forming the allowable value of the deformation coefficient includes the following steps:

[0149] Based on the historical data, at least one historical welding scheme is obtained, where the historical welding scheme is a scheme with qualified welding deformation, the values ​​of necessary factors in the historical welding scheme are historical values, and the values ​​of non-essential factors are characteristic values;

[0150] Using the second deformation formula, the deformation coefficient of the historical welding scheme is calculated;

[0151] The maximum value of the deformation coefficient of at least one historical welding scheme is used as the allowable value of the deformation coefficient;

[0152] The second deformation formula is as follows:

[0153]

[0154] Where C is the deformation coefficient of the historical welding scheme, k is the subscript, m is the total number of necessary factors, g k is the historical value of the kth necessary factor in the historical welding plan, f k is the weight influencing factor of the kth necessary factor in the historical welding plan.

[0155] A qualified scheme must be a scheme with a smaller deformation coefficient. Therefore, the maximum value of the deformation coefficient of at least one historical welding scheme is used as the allowable value of the deformation coefficient. Since there are many qualified schemes covering various situations, when the weld deformation is qualified, the corresponding deformation coefficient must be less than the allowable value. When the deformation coefficient is greater than the allowable value, it means that the weld deformation is unqualified. Therefore, the allowable value can be used as the basis for judgment.

[0156] Reference Figure 8 As shown, based on the welding time influence model of necessary factors and non-essential factors, calculating the overall welding time of the characteristic welding scheme includes the following steps:

[0157] Substitute the characteristic temperature corresponding to the characteristic welding scheme into the speed fitting function to obtain the characteristic welding speed;

[0158] Obtain the total amount of welding required during actual welding;

[0159] The total welding volume is divided by the characteristic welding speed to obtain the overall welding time for the characteristic welding plan.

[0160] Furthermore, the present solution also proposes a storage medium on which a computer-readable program is stored. When the computer-readable program is called, the above-mentioned laser welding parameter generation method for low-deformation control of welds is executed.

[0161] It is understandable that the storage medium may be a magnetic medium, such as a floppy disk, a hard disk, or a magnetic tape; an optical medium, such as a DVD; or a semiconductor medium, such as a solid state drive (SSD).

[0162] In summary, the advantages of the present invention are: by forming a deformation factor for the deformation characteristics, assigning weights to the necessary factors, establishing a welding time influence model of the necessary factors and non-essential factors, and screening the preliminary welding schemes, the influence relationship between the welding parameters and the deformation characteristics can be analyzed, and according to the results of the analysis, the deformation coefficient of the preliminary welding scheme is calculated, thereby, at least one characteristic welding scheme that meets the deformation requirements can be preliminarily obtained, and at the same time, in order to control the efficiency of welding, the time consumption of the characteristic welding scheme is evaluated, and then the scheme with the highest time efficiency can be selected, thereby, the obtained scheme can take into account the influence of efficiency and deformation.

[0163] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions only describe the principles of the present invention. The present invention may be subject to various changes and improvements without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. These changes and improvements fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection claimed by the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A laser welding parameter generation method for low-deformation control of welds, characterized in that: include: Acquire at least one welding parameter during laser welding, and acquire at least one deformation feature of weld deformation; Based on the influence on the weld deformation, a deformation factor is formed for the deformation characteristics; A corresponding relationship is established between the welding parameters and the deformation characteristics, and the welding parameters corresponding to the deformation characteristics are used as deformation factors of the deformation characteristics; Classify the deformation factors to obtain necessary factors and non-essential factors; Based on the degree of influence on the deformation characteristics, the necessary factors are weighted to obtain the weight influence factors of the necessary factors; Establish the welding time influence model of necessary and non-essential factors; forming at least one preliminary welding plan for laser welding; Calculate the deformation coefficient of the preliminary welding plan and form the allowable value of the deformation coefficient based on historical data; Select a preliminary welding scheme with a deformation coefficient less than the allowable value as the characteristic welding scheme; Based on the welding time influence model of essential factors and non-essential factors, the overall welding time of the characteristic welding scheme is calculated; Select the characteristic welding scheme with the shortest overall welding time as the target welding scheme; Laser welding was performed using the parameters in the target welding plan.

2. A laser welding parameter generation method for low-deformation control of welds according to claim 1, characterized in that: The forming of a deformation factor for the deformation feature based on the influence on the weld deformation comprises the following steps: Taking one of the at least one deformation features as a target deformation feature, and taking the remaining deformation features as non-target deformation features; Under the condition that the deformation variables of the non-target deformation features are all preset values ​​and the deformation variables of the target deformation features are all preset values, acquiring a first deformation image of the weld; Under the condition that the deformation variables of the non-target deformation features are all preset values ​​and the deformation variables of the target deformation features are twice the preset value, a second deformation image of the weld is obtained; Pairing pixels with the same relative position in the first deformed image and the second deformed image; The paired pixels with different pixel values ​​are regarded as difference pixels; The number of difference pixels is divided by the total number of pixels of the first deformed image to obtain a difference coefficient between the first deformed image and the second deformed image; The difference coefficient is used as the deformation factor of the target deformation feature; When the target deformation feature traverses at least one deformation feature, a deformation factor is formed for each deformation feature.

3. The method for generating laser welding parameters for low-deformation control of welds according to claim 2, characterized in that: The step of establishing a corresponding relationship between the welding parameters and the deformation characteristics and using the welding parameters corresponding to the deformation characteristics as the deformation factors of the deformation characteristics comprises the following steps: Obtaining a value range of a welding parameter, dividing the value range of the welding parameter into equal intervals, and obtaining at least one welding point; Under the welding condition that the welding parameter value is the value at the welding point, a weld deformation image is obtained; When a deformation feature exists in one of the at least one weld deformation images, the deformation feature is matched with a welding parameter, and the welding parameter corresponding to the deformation feature is used as a deformation factor of the deformation feature.

4. The method for generating laser welding parameters for low-deformation control of welds according to claim 3, characterized in that: The classification of deformation factors to obtain necessary factors and non-essential factors comprises the following steps: Performing deformation feature recognition on at least one weld deformation image of the welding parameters; When at least one weld deformation image has deformation features, the deformation factor consistent with the welding parameters is taken as a necessary factor; When one of the at least one weld deformation image does not have a deformation feature, the weld deformation image without the deformation feature is used as a target weld deformation image; The deformation factors consistent with the welding parameters are regarded as non-essential factors, the values ​​at the welding points corresponding to the target weld deformation image are regarded as feature values, and the feature values ​​are paired with the non-essential factors.

5. The method for generating laser welding parameters for low-deformation control of welds according to claim 4, characterized in that: The step of weighting the necessary factors to obtain the weighted influencing factors of the necessary factors comprises the following steps: At least one of the necessary factors is regarded as a target necessary factor, and the remaining necessary factors are regarded as non-target necessary factors; Under the conditions that all non-target necessary factors are set to preset parameters, the target necessary factors are set to preset parameters, and the non-necessary factors are set to corresponding characteristic values, a first deformation variable of the deformation feature is obtained; Under the conditions that all non-target necessary factors are set to preset parameters, the target necessary factors are set to 2 times the preset parameters, and the non-necessary factors are set to corresponding characteristic values, a second deformation variable of the deformation feature is obtained; Use the weight influence formula to calculate the weight influence factor of the target necessary factors; When the target necessary factor traverses at least one necessary factor, the weighted influence factor of each necessary factor is obtained; The weight influence formula is as follows: Among them, A is the weighted influencing factor of the target necessary factor, i is the subscript, n is the total number of deformation features corresponding to the target necessary factor, a i is the second deformation variable of the i-th deformation feature corresponding to the target necessary factor, b i is the deformation factor of the i-th deformation feature corresponding to the target necessary factor, c i is the first deformation variable of the i-th deformation feature corresponding to the target necessary factor.

6. The method for generating laser welding parameters for low-deformation control of welds according to claim 5, characterized in that: The establishment of the welding time influence model of necessary factors and non-essential factors comprises the following steps: Obtaining a value range of the welding temperature, dividing the value range of the welding temperature at equal intervals, and obtaining at least one temperature point; Under the condition that the welding temperature is equal to the value at the temperature point, obtain the sample welding speed; The value at the temperature point is paired and fitted with the welding speed of the sample to obtain a speed fitting function; Obtaining a value range of a necessary factor, dividing the value range of the necessary factor at equal intervals, and obtaining at least one necessary point; Randomly assign values ​​to necessary factors and non-essential factors. Each combination of values ​​of necessary factors and non-essential factors constitutes a parameter scheme. The value of the necessary factor is one of the corresponding at least one necessary point, and the value of the non-essential factor is the corresponding characteristic value. Under the condition of the parameter scheme, the actual welding temperature is obtained as the characteristic temperature of the parameter scheme; The speed fitting function and the characteristic temperature of at least one parameter scheme are summarized to obtain the welding time influence model of the necessary factors and non-essential factors.

7. The method for generating laser welding parameters for low-deformation control of welds according to claim 6, characterized in that: The forming of at least one preliminary welding scheme for laser welding comprises the following steps: At least one parameter scheme is used as at least one preliminary welding scheme, and a characteristic temperature of the parameter scheme is allocated to the corresponding preliminary welding scheme.

8. The method for generating laser welding parameters for low-deformation control of welds according to claim 7, characterized in that: The calculation of the deformation coefficient of the preliminary welding scheme comprises the following steps: Using the first deformation formula, calculating the deformation coefficient of the preliminary welding scheme; The first deformation formula is as follows: Where B is the deformation coefficient of the preliminary welding scheme, j is the subscript, m is the total number of necessary factors, and e j is the value of the jth necessary factor in the preparation welding plan, f j is the weight influencing factor of the jth necessary factor in the preparation welding plan.

9. The method for generating laser welding parameters for low-deformation control of welds according to claim 8, characterized in that: The method of forming an allowable value of the deformation coefficient based on historical data comprises the following steps: Based on the historical data, at least one historical welding scheme is obtained, where the historical welding scheme is a scheme with qualified welding deformation, the values ​​of necessary factors in the historical welding scheme are historical values, and the values ​​of non-essential factors are characteristic values; Using the second deformation formula, the deformation coefficient of the historical welding scheme is calculated; The maximum value of the deformation coefficient of at least one historical welding scheme is used as the allowable value of the deformation coefficient; The second deformation formula is as follows: Where C is the deformation coefficient of the historical welding scheme, k is the subscript, m is the total number of necessary factors, g k is the historical value of the kth necessary factor in the historical welding plan, f k is the weight influencing factor of the kth necessary factor in the historical welding plan.

10. The method for generating laser welding parameters for low-deformation control of welds according to claim 9, characterized in that: The welding time influence model based on the necessary factors and non-essential factors is used to calculate the overall welding time of the characteristic welding scheme, including the following steps: Substitute the characteristic temperature corresponding to the characteristic welding scheme into the speed fitting function to obtain the characteristic welding speed; Obtain the total amount of welding required during actual welding; The total welding volume is divided by the characteristic welding speed to obtain the overall welding time for the characteristic welding plan.

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