Locomotive wheelset press-fitting process method

Abstract

The invention discloses a locomotive wheelset press-fitting process method. The method comprises the steps of setting and dismounting of a process adjusting pad, a wheelset press-fitting process, an attaching process, installation of a standard adjusting pad and detection and adjustment of an axle suspension box clearance. The wheel set press-fitting process comprises the steps that relative press-fitting coordinates are determined, and the relative press-fitting coordinates are reversely deduced according to the wheel inner side distance with the axle center coordinates as the coordinate zero point; acquiring position coordinates of wheels on two sides, and driving the axle to move and press until the position coordinates of the wheels on the side coincide with the relative press-fitting coordinates. The press-fitting process comprises the steps of positioning of a to-be-mounted assembly, assembling of a press-fitting tool, pre-clamping operation before press-fitting, press-fitting of a rubber joint and resetting operation. According to the technological method, press fitting of wheels on the two sides is conducted firstly according to guiding of the size technological requirements, and then it is guaranteed that non-tooth-side wheels abut against non-tooth-side sealing rings; due to the fact that the center of the axle serves as a coordinate zero point in press fitting, the wheel position is reversely pushed from the inner side distance, the coaxial difference of the wheel position and the inner side distance are easily guaranteed at the same time, and the one-time press fitting qualification rate is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of locomotive assembly, in particular to a locomotive wheel pair press-assembly process method. Background Art

[0002] During the assembly of the locomotive drive unit, the locomotive wheels are pressed by cold pressing, which has high quality requirements and needs to be qualified in one go. The drive unit that fails to pass the press cannot be adjusted by conventional oiling, and the wheels can only be removed and re-pressed, which will increase the risk of axle damage during the process of axle pressing and unloading, and weaken the reliability of the drive unit.

[0003] The technical requirements for wheel set press fitting include: 1. Ensure that the non-tooth side wheel is in contact with the sealing ring after press fitting; 2. The inner distance between the wheels is within the distance tolerance range; 3. The wheel position difference is within the coaxial difference process requirements;

[0004] The structure of the drive device is as follows Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, the prior art press-fitting process method for the wheelset of the illustrated drive device is: first press-fit the non-toothed side wheel so that the non-toothed side wheel is in contact with the non-toothed side sealing ring, then press-fit the toothed side wheel, and finally perform inspection and adjustment; as shown in patent CN200810091515.1 railway locomotive wheel assembly process, the press-fitting process method can well ensure that the non-toothed side wheel and the non-toothed side sealing ring are in contact with each other during press-fitting of the non-toothed side wheel, and ensure the inner distance between the two wheels. However, since the position of the non-toothed side sealing ring of each axle is slightly different during assembly, resulting in deviation in the position of the non-toothed side wheel, the technical solution is prone to the problem of excessive wheel position difference between the two wheels, and the press-fitting qualified rate cannot be guaranteed. The wheels often need to be unloaded and re-press-fitted, which increases the risk of wheel axle damage caused by press-fitting and unloading, and delays production progress. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the wheelset press-fitting process of the locomotive drive device to fundamentally improve its press-fitting qualified rate. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a locomotive wheel press-fitting process method to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0007] The present invention provides a locomotive wheel press-fitting process method, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1. In the assembly process of the axle box before the wheelset is pressed, a process adjustment pad is set between the non-tooth side end face of the axle box and the bearing seat. After the assembly of the axle box is completed, the process adjustment pad is removed;

[0009] S2, wheelset press-fitting process; it includes: m1, determination of relative press-fitting coordinates, the wheelset press-fitting equipment obtains the symmetric center coordinates of the two ends of the axle as the coordinate zero point, and reversely calculates the relative press-fitting coordinates of the wheels on both sides according to the inner distance size of the wheel; m2, the wheelset press-fitting equipment locates the non-tooth side wheel or the tooth side wheel position through the block, the wheelset press-fitting equipment collects and locates the position coordinates of the non-tooth side wheel and the tooth side wheel, and drives the axle to move and press-fit according to the relative press-fitting coordinates until the position coordinates of the wheel on this side coincide with its relative press-fitting coordinates, and the press-fitting of the non-tooth side wheel and the tooth side wheel is completed respectively;

[0010] S3, abutting process: fix the axle box, push the non-tooth side end face of the axle, and the axle drives the non-tooth side wheel to move synchronously, so that the non-tooth side wheel abuts against the non-tooth side sealing ring, and the abutment is completed after checking with a feeler gauge to ensure that there is no gap;

[0011] S4. Install the standard adjustment pad; fix the axle box, push the tooth side end face of the axle, make the axle, non-tooth side wheel and non-tooth side sealing ring move synchronously, and set the standard adjustment pad between the non-tooth side end face of the axle box and the bearing seat;

[0012] S5. Check and adjust the clearance of the axle box and tighten the bolt assembly on the non-tooth side sealing cover.

[0013] Furthermore, step S3, step S4 and step S5 are operated based on the press-fitting adjustment tooling, and the press-fitting adjustment tooling includes an installation base plate, a lock box platform, two support frames and two adjustment hydraulic rods. The lock box platform and the support frame are installed on the installation base plate, and the distance between the two support frames is greater than the length of the axle. The two adjustment hydraulic rods are respectively arranged at the top of the two support frames, and the two are coaxial and oppositely arranged to drive the axle to move; the lock box platform is located between the two support frames, and is used to fix the axle box and support the wheels on both sides off the ground.

[0014] Furthermore, the detection and adjustment of the axle box clearance in step S5 includes the following steps:

[0015] n1. Start the adjusting hydraulic rod on the tooth side, so that its driving end is slowly pressed on the tooth side end face of the axle. When the hydraulic pressure of the adjusting hydraulic rod on the tooth side reaches the adjustment pressure, collect the position coordinates of the non-tooth side limit floating position point;

[0016] n2. Unload the adjusting hydraulic rod on the tooth side, start the adjusting hydraulic rod on the non-tooth side, and slowly press the driving end of the adjusting hydraulic rod on the non-tooth side end face of the axle. When the hydraulic pressure of the adjusting hydraulic rod on the non-tooth side reaches the adjustment pressure, keep the pressure unchanged, and collect the position coordinates of the limit floating position point on the tooth side;

[0017] n3. Calculate the clearance test value of the axle box and select the appropriate standard adjustment pad according to the clearance process value of the axle box.

[0018] Further preferably, the process value of the axle box clearance is 0.15-0.25mm.

[0019] More preferably, the seamless detection in step S3 uses a 0.04 mm feeler gauge.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the locomotive wheel press-fitting process method of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] The process method first presses the wheels on both sides according to the dimensional process requirements, and then ensures the contact between the non-toothed side wheels and the non-toothed side sealing rings. Since the press-fitting of the wheelset uses the axle center as the coordinate zero point and reverses the wheel position based on the inner side distance, it is easy to simultaneously ensure the wheel position coaxial difference and the inner side distance between the wheels on both sides, effectively improving the one-time press-fitting pass rate. After completing the contact process, the standard adjustment pad is installed and the clearance is detected and adjusted to ensure the reliability of the drive device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the machine drive device;

[0023] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A local enlarged schematic diagram of point I in the middle;

[0024] Figure 3 It is the press-fitting adjustment tool of the present invention.

[0025] In the figure: 10, toothed side wheel; 11, gear; 12, non-toothed side wheel; 13, axle; 14, axle box; 15, bearing seat; 16, tapered roller bearing; 17, sealing cover; 18, sealing ring; 19, standard adjustment pad; 20, mounting base plate; 21, lock box platform; 22, support frame; 23, adjustment hydraulic rod; 24, support plate; a, wheel position of non-toothed side wheel; b, wheel position of toothed side wheel; c, inner side distance between inner side surfaces of wheels on both sides. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only the best embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] This embodiment provides a locomotive wheel press assembly process method, the locomotive drive device structure is as follows Figure 1-Figure 2As shown, the toothed side wheel 10 is the wheel close to the gear 11. The toothed side wheel 10 and the non-toothed side wheel 12 are press-fitted on both ends of the axle 13 to ensure that the non-toothed side wheel 12 is close to the non-toothed side sealing ring 18. The non-toothed side sealing ring 18 is sleeved on the axle 13, and a labyrinth seal is used between it and the sealing cover 17. After the wheelset is press-fitted, it must meet the press-fitting process requirements, such as Figure 1 As shown in , that is, the requirement of the inner distance c between the wheels is met, and the requirement of the coaxial difference between the wheel position a and the wheel position b of the wheels on both sides relative to the axle 13 is met, and the coaxial difference should be controlled within 1mm;

[0028] In order to meet the wheel set press-fitting process requirements of the above-mentioned drive device, different from the prior art of first abutting and then adjusting, this embodiment adopts a process sequence of first pressing the wheel set and then adjusting to achieve abutment guided by the size process requirements, and its specific implementation method includes the following steps:

[0029] S1. In the assembly process of the axle box 14 before the wheelset is pressed, in order to prevent the non-tooth side sealing ring 18 from affecting the press-fitting of the non-tooth side wheel 12, a process adjustment pad is set between the non-tooth side end face of the axle box 14 and the bearing seat 15 to position the non-tooth side sealing ring 18 to a safe position. The thickness of the process adjustment pad is smaller than the standard adjustment pad 19. The setting of the process adjustment pad can also help reduce the adjustment displacement of the tapered roller bearing 16. After completing the installation of the bearing seat 15, the tapered roller bearing 16, the sealing cover 17 and the positioning of the non-tooth side sealing ring 18, the process adjustment pad is removed.

[0030] S2, wheelset press-fitting process, based on the existing wheelset press-fitting equipment, the axle 13 assembled with the axle box 14 and the wheels sleeved on both ends of the axle 13 are hoisted to the press-fitting table of the wheelset press-fitting equipment, and the press-fitting process includes:

[0031] m1, determination of relative press-fitting coordinates; the hydraulic pumps on both sides of the wheelset press-fitting equipment are respectively placed against the two ends of the axle 13, and the symmetric center coordinates of the axle 13 at this time are obtained according to the two ends of the axle 13, which are used as the coordinate zero point, and the relative press-fitting coordinates of the wheels on both sides are inversely calculated according to the inner side distance size of the wheels;

[0032] m2. Press-fit the non-toothed side wheel 12 and the toothed side wheel 10 in no particular order; when press-fitting the non-toothed side wheel 12, the stopper of the wheelset press-fitting device is positioned close to the outer side of the non-toothed side wheel 12, and the wheelset press-fitting device collects the position coordinates of the inner side of the non-toothed side wheel 12, and according to the relative press-fitting coordinates, the hydraulic pump on the toothed side applies pressure to drive the axle 13 to move toward the non-toothed side wheel 12 for press-fitting, until the position coordinates of the non-toothed side wheel 12 coincide with its relative press-fitting coordinates, and the press-fitting of the non-toothed side wheel 12 is completed;

[0033] The non-tooth side hydraulic pump drives the axle 13 back to the coordinate zero point, the block moves to the outer side of the tooth side wheel 10 for positioning, and the wheelset pressing equipment collects the position coordinates of the inner side of the tooth side wheel 10. The non-tooth side hydraulic pump continues to drive the axle 13 to move and press until the position coordinates of the tooth side wheel 10 coincide with its relative pressing coordinates, completing the pressing of the tooth side wheel 10.

[0034] Lift the drive unit onto the press-fit adjustment fixture to complete subsequent process operations; Figure 3 As shown, the press-fit adjustment tooling includes an installation base plate 20, a lock box platform 21, two support frames 22 and two adjusting hydraulic rods 23. The lock box platform 21 and the support frame 22 are installed on the installation base plate 20. The support frame 22 should be provided with reinforcing ribs for structural reinforcement. The spacing between the two support frames 22 is greater than the length of the axle 13. It is used to install two adjusting hydraulic rods 23 for driving the axle 13 to move on both sides. The two adjusting hydraulic rods 23 are coaxial and relatively arranged, and the axis thereof is adapted to the axle 13. A support plate 24 abutting against the root end surface of the adjusting hydraulic rod 23 should be provided on the support frame 22; adapted to the position of the axle box 14, the lock box platform 21 is arranged between the two support frames 22, and a mounting screw hole is arranged at the top thereof. After the axle box 14 is mounted on the lock box platform 21, it is fixed and installed by a bolt assembly, and the wheels on both sides are kept away from the ground. The axle box 14 is fixed with the help of the press-fit adjustment tooling, so as to drive the axle 13 to move relatively in the axle box 14 for subsequent process operations.

[0035] S3, abutment process; since the axle box 14 is fixed on the lock box platform 21, the non-tooth side adjustment hydraulic rod 23 pushes the non-tooth side end face of the axle 13, and the axle 13 drives the non-tooth side wheel 12 to move synchronously toward the non-tooth side sealing ring 18. When the non-tooth side wheel 12 is visually abutted against the non-tooth side sealing ring 18, a 0.04mm feeler gauge is used to check that there is no gap and the abutment is completed. The non-tooth side adjustment hydraulic rod 23 is depressurized and returned to its position; in the abutment process, in order to prevent the non-tooth side sealing ring 18 and the tapered roller bearing 16 from moving with the axle 13, the position of the bearing seat 15 can be positioned with the help of a screw buckle and removed after the abutment is completed.

[0036] S4, keep the driving device on the press-fit adjustment tooling, and then carry out the pre-installation process of the standard adjustment pad 19; the adjustment hydraulic rod 23 on the tooth side pushes the tooth side end face of the axle 13, so that the axle 13 and the non-tooth side wheel 12, the sealing ring 18 and the tapered roller bearing 16 thereon move synchronously, screw the turnbuckle into the top screw hole of the bearing seat 15, and the end face of the turnbuckle presses on the end plane of the axle box 14 to open the gap between the end faces of the bearing seat 15 and the axle box 14 until the gap is adapted to the thickness of the standard adjustment pad 19, stop pushing the axle 13 and turning the turnbuckle, remove the turnbuckle, and at the same time insert the standard adjustment pad 19 between the non-tooth side end face and the bearing seat 15;

[0037] S5, completing the clearance detection and adjustment of the axle box 14 on the press-fit adjustment tool, specifically, including the following steps:

[0038] n1. First, detect the size of the clearance and collect the starting point of the clearance; start the adjusting hydraulic rod 23 on the tooth side, and its driving end slowly pushes the axle 13 to move. As the hydraulic pressure gradually rises, the adjustment pressure is determined according to the maximum lateral pressure of the driving device when it is working. In this embodiment, it is set to 10KN. When the hydraulic pressure of the adjusting hydraulic rod 23 on the tooth side reaches the adjustment pressure, the limit movement position point of the non-tooth side is obtained, and the pressure is kept unchanged. The dial indicator is set to set the starting point. The dial indicator is fixed to the axle box 14 or the press-fit adjustment tooling through a meter frame, so that its contact is vertically pressed on the inner side of the non-tooth side wheel 12, and the position of the dial indicator is adjusted to adjust its pointer to 0 scale;

[0039] n2. Collect the clearance gap; unload the oil pressure of the adjusting hydraulic rod 23 on the tooth side, start the adjusting hydraulic rod 23 on the non-tooth side, and press the driving end of the adjusting hydraulic rod 23 on the non-tooth side end face of the axle 13. When the hydraulic pressure of the adjusting hydraulic rod 23 on the non-tooth side reaches the adjustment pressure, keep the pressure unchanged and position it at the limit movement position point on the tooth side. Observe the scale value of the dial indicator at this position point, and obtain the clearance detection value of the axle box 14;

[0040] n3. Compare the clearance process value of the shaft holding box 14 and the clearance detection value of the shaft holding box 14. The clearance process value of the shaft holding box 14 is 0.15-0.25mm. If the clearance detection value meets the clearance process value, the adjustment is completed;

[0041] If the clearance detection value is less than the clearance process value, the thickness of the standard adjustment pad 19 is appropriately reduced and replaced. The replacement operation is: repeat the drive of the gear side adjustment hydraulic rod 23 in step n1, remove the original standard adjustment pad 19, use the screw buckle to push open the gap between the end surface of the bearing seat 15 and the shaft box 14, replace the standard adjustment pad 19, and then repeat step n2 to verify the detection clearance again;

[0042] If the clearance detection value is greater than the clearance process value, the thickness of the standard adjustment pad 19 is appropriately increased and replaced. The replacement operation is: first repeat the drive of the tooth side adjustment hydraulic rod 23 in step n1, replace the standard adjustment pad 19, and then repeat step n2 to verify the detection clearance again.

[0043] Repeat the above-mentioned inspection and adjustment operations until the clearance of the axle box 14 meets the process requirements, complete the clearance adjustment, and tighten the bolt assembly on the non-tooth side sealing cover 17.

[0044] The directional words such as "upper", "lower", "inner", "end", and "side" mentioned in this article are based on Figure 1-Figure 3The coordinate or orientation relationship shown in the corresponding drawings. These terms are mainly used to better describe the present invention and its embodiments, and are not used to limit the indicated devices, elements or components to have a specific orientation, or to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation;

[0045] In addition, some of the above terms may be used to express other meanings in addition to indicating orientation or positional relationship. For example, the terms "on" and "inside" may also be used to express a certain dependency or connection relationship in some cases. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of these terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0046] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A locomotive wheel press-fitting process, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. In the assembly process of the axle box before the wheelset is pressed, a process adjustment pad is arranged between the non-tooth side end surface of the axle box and the bearing seat. After the assembly of the axle box is completed, the process adjustment pad is removed; S2, wheelset press-fitting process; It includes: m1, determination of relative press-fitting coordinates, the wheelset press-fitting equipment obtains the symmetric center coordinates of the two ends of the axle as the coordinate zero point, and reversely calculates the relative press-fitting coordinates of the wheels on both sides according to the inner distance of the wheel; m2, the wheelset press-fitting equipment locates the non-tooth side wheel or the tooth side wheel position through a stopper, the wheelset press-fitting equipment collects the position coordinates of the non-tooth side wheel and the tooth side wheel, and drives the axle to move and press-fit according to the relative press-fitting coordinates until the position coordinates of the wheel on this side coincide with its relative press-fitting coordinates, thereby completing the press-fitting of the non-tooth side wheel and the tooth side wheel respectively; S3, abutting process: fixing the axle box, pushing the non-tooth side end face of the axle, and the axle drives the non-tooth side wheel to move synchronously, so that the non-tooth side wheel abuts against the non-tooth side sealing ring, and the abutment is completed after checking with a feeler gauge that there is no gap; S4, installing a standard adjustment pad; fixing the axle box, pushing the tooth side end surface of the axle, so that the axle, the non-tooth side wheel and the non-tooth side sealing ring move synchronously, and setting the standard adjustment pad between the non-tooth side end surface of the axle box and the bearing seat; S5. Check and adjust the clearance of the axle box and tighten the bolt assembly on the non-tooth side sealing cover.

2. The locomotive wheel press-fitting process according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S3, step S4 and step S5 are operated based on the press-fit adjustment tooling, and the press-fit adjustment tooling includes a mounting base plate, a lock box platform, two support frames and two adjustment hydraulic rods. The lock box platform and the support frame are installed on the mounting base plate, and the distance between the two support frames is greater than the length of the axle. The two adjustment hydraulic rods are respectively arranged at the top ends of the two support frames, and the two are coaxial and oppositely arranged to drive the axle to move; the lock box platform is located between the two support frames, and is used to fix the axle box and support the wheels on both sides off the ground.

3. The locomotive wheel press-fitting process according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The detection and adjustment of the axle box clearance in step S5 includes the following steps: n1. Start the adjusting hydraulic rod on the tooth side, so that its driving end is slowly pressed onto the tooth side end face of the axle, and when the hydraulic pressure of the adjusting hydraulic rod on the tooth side reaches the adjustment pressure, collect the position coordinates of the non-tooth side limit floating position point; n2. Unload the adjusting hydraulic rod on the tooth side, start the adjusting hydraulic rod on the non-tooth side, and slowly press the driving end of the adjusting hydraulic rod on the non-tooth side end face of the axle. When the hydraulic pressure of the adjusting hydraulic rod on the non-tooth side reaches the adjustment pressure, keep the pressure unchanged, and collect the position coordinates of the limit free movement position point on the tooth side; n3. Calculate the clearance test value of the axle box, and select the appropriate standard adjustment pad according to the clearance process value of the axle box.

4. The locomotive wheel press-fitting process according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The process value of the axle box clearance is 0.15-0.25mm.

5. The locomotive wheel press-fitting process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seamless detection in step S3 uses a 0.04 mm feeler gauge.

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