A memory alloy-based toroidal deorbit sail

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of annular orbiting sail based on memory alloy, it is related to spacecraft orbiting reentry technical field.The present application includes structural body, deployment device and unlocking device, deployment device and unlocking device are all arranged on structural body, structural body is boss structure;Deployment device includes sail surface and sensor;Sail surface is fixed on structural body, sail surface includes two states: expansion state and shrinkage state, expansion state is single circular plane state to constitute annular orbiting sail, shrinkage state is to reduce single circular plane area by folding, to be able to be stored in the space less than the single circular plane area of sail surface expansion state;Sensor is arranged on structural body to identify the shrinkage state and expansion state of sail surface;Unlocking device is used to store the sail surface in shrinkage state and release sail surface to expansion state, unlocking device includes hot knife resistance, locking rope and restraint heat shield;Restraint heat shield is installed on structural body and stores the sail surface in compression state.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of spacecraft orbit departure reentry, in particular to an annular orbit departure sail based on memory alloy. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the progress of small satellite technology and the reduction of launch cost, it has become a trend to use small satellites, micro-nano satellites for rapid scientific experiments and technology verification, and even to form satellite constellations for military, civilian and commercial applications. Most micro-nano satellites have a long on-orbit working time of several years or a short on-orbit working time of several days, and most of them are difficult to be deorbited and reentered the atmosphere for burning after the end of the mission in a short time, thus becoming long-term resident in orbit and threatening other spacecraft as space debris. According to the IADC's Space Debris Mitigation Requirements, low earth orbit satellites need to be deorbited within 25 years after the end of the mission. Therefore, how to make micro-nano satellites quickly deorbit has become a key technical direction in the field of micro-nano satellites and space debris.

[0003] In view of the mass and volume limitations of satellites and the comprehensive cost control, based on relatively mature technical theory, micro-nano satellites tend to use drag sails as the main orbit departure sail for orbit operation, relying on atmospheric drag to reduce the satellite orbit. The existing technology of the relatively mature drag sail is a band-shaped rod orbit departure sail, the mechanical working principle of which is that 4 metal band-shaped rods support 4 triangular sail membranes, which are folded in the device shell before launch. At the end of the life of the micro-nano satellite, the orbit departure sail deployment command is opened, the orbit departure sail is unlocked, the 4 metal band-shaped rods drive the 4 triangular sail membranes to be deployed, and a certain area of sail surface is formed.

[0004] The existing technology has the following disadvantages: 1. The weight of the band-shaped rod is large, and the weight ratio of the band-shaped rod to the sail membrane is large; 2. The shell structure is included for accommodating the band-shaped rod and the sail membrane that are not deployed, resulting in a large weight of the entire device; 3. The deployment of the sail membrane needs 4 band-shaped rods to realize, and the deployment mechanism is complex. SUMMARY

[0005] To solve the above technical problems in the prior art, the purpose of the present application is to provide an annular orbit departure sail based on memory alloy, which can overcome the disadvantages of the existing orbit departure sail, such as large weight of the deployment mechanism, large weight of the shell structure, and complex deployment mechanism.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the application, the present application provides an annular orbit departure sail based on memory alloy, comprising a structure main body, a deployment device and an unlocking device, the deployment device and the unlocking device are arranged on the structure main body, and the structure main body is a boss structure.

[0007] The deployment device comprises a sail and a sensor; the sail is fixed on the structure body, the sail comprises two states: an expanded state and a contracted state, the expanded state is a single circular plane state to form a toroidal deorbiting sail, the contracted state is to reduce the single circular plane area by folding to be able to be accommodated in a space smaller than the single circular plane area in the expanded state of the sail; the sensor is arranged on the structure body to identify the contracted state and the expanded state of the sail.

[0008] The unlocking device is used to accommodate the sail in the contracted state and release the sail to the expanded state, the unlocking device comprises a hot knife resistor, a locking rope and a binding heat shield; the binding heat shield is installed on the structure body and accommodates the sail in the compressed state, one end of the locking rope is connected to the binding heat shield installed on the structure body, the other end is wound on the hot knife resistor and fixed on the structure body to fix the binding heat shield on the structure body, the hot knife resistor is installed on the structure body to unlock the binding heat shield by cutting off the locking rope and release the sail to the expanded state.

[0009] Further, the sail comprises a memory alloy wire ring and a sail film; the memory alloy wire ring is a ring structure, and the sail film is peripherally fixed on the memory alloy wire ring to form the sail.

[0010] Further, the memory alloy wire ring is made of memory alloy.

[0011] Further, the material of the sail film is a single-side aluminized polyimide film or other radiation-resistant material.

[0012] Further, the folding mode of the contracted state of the sail is a state formed by repeatedly twisting the sail into an "8" shape.

[0013] Further, the binding heat shield comprises a heat shield and a binding rope; the binding rope is installed on the heat shield, the binding rope is fixedly connected with the memory alloy wire ring, the heat shield is installed on the structure body and accommodates the sail in the compressed state, and the end of the binding rope is connected with the locking rope through the opening on the side surface of the structure body.

[0014] Further, the binding rope is tightened by the locking rope to fix the heat shield on the structure body by the binding rope;

[0015] Further, the sensor is compressed when the binding rope is tightened by the locking rope.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] The application provides a memory alloy-based annular orbit-removing sail, which is composed of a structural body, an unfolding device and an unlocking device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative effort on the basis of these drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a memory alloy-based annular orbit-removing sail in one embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 2 Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a sail surface in a contracted state in one embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 3 Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the sail surface in the contracted state in one embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 4 Fig. 4 is a local structural schematic diagram of the sail surface in the contracted state in one embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 5 Fig. 5 is a local structural schematic diagram of the sail surface in the contracted state in one embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 6 Fig. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of the sail surface in the contracted state in one embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 7 Fig. 7 is a structural schematic diagram of the sail surface in an unfolded state in one embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 8 Fig. 8 is a structural schematic diagram of the sail surface in the unfolded state in one embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 9 Fig. 9 is a structural schematic diagram of the structural body of the sail surface in the unfolded state in one embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort should fall into the protective scope of the present application.

[0029] Referring to Figures 1 to 9 The embodiment discloses a memory alloy-based annular orbiting sail, which comprises a structural body 1, a deployment device 2 and an unlocking device 3. The deployment device 2 and the unlocking device 3 are arranged on the structural body 1. The structural body 1 is in a boss structure.

[0030] The deployment device 2 comprises a sail surface 21 and a sensor 22. The sail surface 21 is fixed on the structural body 1. The sail surface 21 comprises two states: a deployment state and a contraction state. The deployment state is a single circular plane state to form an annular orbiting sail to perform orbit operation. The contraction state is to reduce the single circular plane area by folding to be able to be accommodated in a space smaller than the single circular plane area in the deployment state of the sail surface 21, that is, the sail surface 21 is accommodated in the contraction state. The sensor 22 is arranged on the structural body 1 to identify the contraction state and the deployment state of the sail surface 21.

[0031] The unlocking device 3 is used to accommodate the sail surface 21 in the contraction state and release the sail surface 21 to the deployment state. The unlocking device 3 comprises a hot knife resistor 31, a locking rope 32 and a binding heat shield 33. The binding heat shield 33 is installed on the structural body 1 and accommodates the sail surface 21 in the contraction state. One end of the locking rope 32 is connected to the binding heat shield 33 installed on the structural body 1, and the other end is wound on the hot knife resistor 31 and fixed on the structural body 1 to fix the binding heat shield 33 on the structural body 1. The hot knife resistor 31 is installed on the structural body 1 to unlock the binding heat shield 33 by cutting off the locking rope 32 and release the sail surface 21 to the deployment state.

[0032] Further, the sail surface 21 comprises a memory alloy wire ring 211 and a sail membrane 212. The memory alloy wire ring 211 is in a ring structure. The sail membrane 212 is peripherally fixed on the memory alloy wire ring 211 to form the sail surface 21, that is, the sail membrane 212 is fixedly installed on the inside of the memory alloy wire ring 211 and supported by the memory alloy wire ring 211 to expand to form the sail surface 21. The sail surface 21 is an annular orbiting sail to perform orbit operation.

[0033] Further, the memory alloy wire ring 211 is made of memory alloy to be able to expand to a ring structure after being released and support the sail membrane 212 to expand to form the sail surface 21.

[0034] Further, the material of the sail membrane 212 is a single-side aluminized polyimide film or other radiation-resistant material.

[0035] Further, the folding manner of the sail membrane 21 in the compressed state is a state formed by repeatedly twisting the sail membrane 21 into an "8" shape. Specifically, the single circular plane state of the sail membrane 21 when unfolded is folded in the middle when twisted into an "8" shape, and then repeatedly twisted into an "8" shape and folded to form the compressed state of the sail membrane 21. At this time, the volume can be accommodated in the restraint heat shield 33.

[0036] Further, the restraint heat shield 33 includes a heat shield 331 and a restraint rope 332. The restraint rope 332 is fixedly connected between the heat shield 331 and the memory alloy wire ring 211. The heat shield 331 is installed on the structural body 1 and accommodates the sail membrane 21 in the compressed state. The end of the restraint rope 332 passes through the opening on the side of the structural body 1 and is connected with the locking rope 32.

[0037] Further, the restraint rope 332 is tightened by the locking rope 32 to fix the restraint rope 332 on the structural body 1.

[0038] Further, when the restraint rope 332 is tightened by the locking rope 32, the sensor 22 is compressed and generates a compression signal. Similarly, during the release of the restraint rope 332, a compression signal will also be generated due to the change in pressure on the sensor 22 (equivalent to reducing the pressure on the sensor 22).

[0039] A memory alloy-based annular deorbiting sail compression process is implemented according to the following steps:

[0040] 1. Repeatedly twist the sail membrane 21 into an "8" shape, and the sail membrane forms a compressed state.

[0041] 2. Buckle the restraint heat shield 33 on the sail membrane 21 in the compressed state.

[0042] 3. Tighten the restraint rope 332, and the restraint rope 332 fixes the restraint heat shield 33 on the structural body 1. The sail membrane 21 is wrapped by the restraint heat shield 33.

[0043] 4. Pass the end of the restraint rope 332 through the opening on the structural body 1.

[0044] 5. Connect one end of the locking rope 32 with the end of the restraint rope 332, then wrap the hot knife resistor 31, and the other end is fixed at the opening on the structural body 1. Tighten the restraint rope 332.

[0045] 6. During the tightening of the restraint rope 332, the sensor 22 is compressed and generates a compression signal.

[0046] A memory alloy-based annular off-orbit sail deployment process is implemented according to the following steps:

[0047] 1. The hot knife resistor 31 is powered to heat;

[0048] 2. The locking rope 32 is cut off by the hot knife resistor 31, and the restraint rope 332 is released;

[0049] 3. Under the action of the elastic force of the memory alloy wire ring 211 of the sail surface 21, the end of the restraint rope 332 is pulled out from the structure main body 1;

[0050] 4. The restraint rope 332 releases the fixing of the restraint heat shield 33, and the restraint heat shield 33 is popped open by the memory alloy wire;

[0051] 5. The sail membrane 212 is deployed under the action of the elastic force of the memory alloy wire ring 211, and the sail surface 21 is deployed;

[0052] 6. In the process of releasing the restraint rope 332, the pressure of the sensor 22 is reduced, and a pressure change signal is generated.

[0053] Among them, the content not described in detail in the application belongs to the known technology of the person skilled in the art.

[0054] In summary, the application proposes an annular off-orbit sail based on memory alloy, which is composed of a structure main body, a deployment device and an unlocking device. The deployment mechanism of the sail is single and reliable, and the weight of the deployment mechanism is light. The locking device is simple in structure, high in working reliability, light in weight, and overcomes the shortcomings of the existing off-orbit sail deployment mechanism, such as heavy weight, heavy shell structure, complex deployment mechanism, etc.

[0055] Finally, it should be pointed out that the above description is the preferred embodiment of the application. Although the preferred embodiment of the application has been described, for those skilled in the art, once the basic creative concept of the application is known, without departing from the principles of the application, some improvements and refinements can be made, which should also be considered as the protection scope of the application. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiment and all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the embodiments of the application.

Claims

1. A memory alloy based toroidal deorbit sail, characterized in that, The application relates to a structure body (1), an unfolding device (2) and an unlocking device (3), wherein the unfolding device (2) and the unlocking device (3) are arranged on the structure body (1), and the structure body (1) is a boss structure. The unfolding device (2) comprises a sail surface (21) and a sensor (22); the sail surface (21) is fixed on the structure body (1); the sail surface (21) comprises two states, namely an unfolded state and a contracted state; the unfolded state is a single circular plane state to form a ring-shaped orbiting sail; the contracted state is that the sail surface (21) is folded to reduce the single circular plane area, so that the sail surface (21) can be accommodated in a space smaller than the single circular plane area in the unfolded state; the sensor (22) is arranged on the structure body (1) to identify the contracted state and the unfolded state of the sail surface (21). The unlocking device (3) is used for accommodating the sail surface (21) in the contracted state and releasing the sail surface (21) to the unfolded state; the unlocking device (3) comprises a hot knife resistor (31), a locking rope (32) and a binding heat shield (33); the binding heat shield (33) is mounted on the structure body (1) and accommodates the sail surface (21) in the compressed state; one end of the locking rope (32) is connected to the binding heat shield (33) mounted on the structure body (1), the other end is wound on the hot knife resistor (31) and fixed on the structure body (1) to fix the binding heat shield (33) on the structure body (1); the hot knife resistor (31) is mounted on the structure body (1) and cuts off the locking rope (32) to unlock the binding heat shield (33) and release the sail surface (21) to the unfolded state.

2. The memory alloy-based toroidal deorbit sail of claim 1, wherein, The sail surface (21) comprises a memory alloy wire ring (211) and a sail film (212); the memory alloy wire ring (211) is a ring structure, and the sail film (212) is peripherally fixed on the memory alloy wire ring (211) to form the sail surface (21).

3. A memory alloy based toroidal deorbit sail according to claim 2, wherein, The memory alloy wire ring (211) is made of memory alloy.

4. The memory alloy-based toroidal deorbit sail of claim 2, wherein, The sail film (212) is made of single-side aluminized polyimide film or other radiation-resistant materials.

5. The memory alloy-based toroidal deorbit sail of claim 1, wherein, The folding mode of the sail surface (21) in the contracted state is a state formed by repeatedly twisting the sail surface (21) into an "8" character.

6. The memory alloy-based toroidal deorbit sail of claim 2, wherein, The binding heat shield (33) comprises a heat shield (331) and a binding rope (332); the binding rope (332) is mounted on the heat shield (331) and fixedly connected with the memory alloy wire ring (211); the heat shield (331) is mounted on the structure body (1) and accommodates the sail surface (21) in the compressed state; the end of the binding rope (332) penetrates through an opening on the side of the structure body (1) and is connected with the locking rope (32).

7. A memory alloy based toroidal deorbit sail according to claim 6, wherein, The binding rope (332) is pulled tight by the locking rope (32) to make the binding rope (332) tightly wrap the heat shield (331) on the structure body (1).

8. A memory alloy based toroidal deorbit sail according to claim 7, wherein, The sensor (22) is compressed when the tethering rope (332) is pulled taut by the locking rope (32).

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