Composition, fireproof structure and preparation method of fireproof structure

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of fireproof materials, and particularly relates to a composition, a fireproof structure and a preparation method of the fireproof structure. The invention provides a composition. The composition comprises expandable graphite, supporting fibers and a binder, the expansible graphite comprises expansible graphite with high mesh number and expansible graphite with low mesh number. The invention further provides a fireproof structure comprising the composition, the fireproof structure comprises a single-layer first fireproof layer and double-layer second fireproof layers, and the second fireproof layers are arranged on the two sides of the first fireproof layer respectively. The invention further provides a preparation method of the composition or the fireproof structure. According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the high-mesh expandable graphite is wrapped and fixed by the supporting fibers, the low-mesh expandable graphite is expanded and sealed, and a sandwich-like composite fireproof structure is adopted, so that the fireproof performance is good, and meanwhile, by improving the structure and the raw materials, the fireproof performance is good. The material thickness is reduced, the composite performance is good, and graphite is not prone to falling off.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of fireproof materials, and in particular relates to a composition, a fireproof structure and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing safety requirements of modern buildings and industrial facilities, the research and development and application of fireproof materials have become increasingly important. Fireproof materials need to maintain their structural stability and thermal insulation properties under high temperature conditions. One type of fireproof material that can meet the above requirements is mainly composed of expandable graphite as a filler, combined with inorganic fibers as a non-woven support structure, and has excellent fireproof properties. At high temperatures, expandable graphite can expand rapidly to form a dense carbonized layer, effectively blocking the transfer of flames and heat, and significantly reducing the damage of fire to the structure. As a supporting material, inorganic fibers have excellent high temperature resistance and mechanical strength, and can maintain the integrity and performance of the material in extreme environments. Not only does it improve the fireproof performance, it also has good processability and adaptability, and can be widely used in fireproofing needs in construction, transportation, electronics and other fields.

[0003] Current fire-proof expansion materials often use inorganic fibers as supporting structures, which have problems such as brittle texture and weak structural cohesion, and are difficult to withstand high-pressure and high-tension composite processes. As a result, the expansion fire-proof non-woven materials have problems such as large thickness, poor subsequent composite performance, low expansion material filling ratio, low overall material expansion ratio, and easy shedding of expandable graphite.

[0004] Therefore, a composition, a fireproof structure and a preparation method thereof are developed to solve the technical defects of the prior art, such as large thickness, poor composite performance, low filling ratio of the expanding material, low expansion ratio and easy shedding of the expanding material, which has become an urgent problem to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the invention

[0005] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a composition, a fireproof structure and a preparation method thereof to address the technical defects of the existing intumescent fireproof composite materials, such as large thickness, poor composite performance, low filling ratio of the intumescent material, low expansion ratio and easy shedding of the intumescent material.

[0006] The present application provides a composition, the raw materials of which include: expandable graphite, supporting fibers and a binder;

[0007] The expandable graphite includes: high-mesh expandable graphite and low-mesh expandable graphite. The particle size of the high-mesh expandable graphite is 100-350 meshes, and the particle size of the low-mesh expandable graphite is 20-80 meshes.

[0008] In one embodiment, the raw materials of the composition further include: a flame retardant and / or a photocurable resin.

[0009] In one embodiment, the raw materials of the composition include, by weight: 35-80 parts of expandable graphite, 20-80 parts of supporting fibers, 1-15 parts of binder, 1-20 parts of flame retardant and 1-30 parts of photocurable resin.

[0010] In one embodiment, the supporting fibers include: 5-30 wt% organic fibers and 70-95 wt% inorganic fibers.

[0011] In one embodiment, the organic fiber is selected from one or more of polyamide, polyester, polypropylene, polyurethane, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyetheretherketone, polyphenylene sulfide, polyether, polyvinyl chloride, polybutylene, polyimide, polylactic acid, polyester fiber, polycarbonate and polystyrene;

[0012] and / or,

[0013] The inorganic fiber is selected from: one or more of glass fiber, carbon fiber, ceramic fiber, ceramic fiber wool, zirconium oxide fiber, asbestos, high silica fiber, aluminum silicate fiber, subsilicate fiber, polysiloxane fiber, silicon carbide fiber, aluminum oxide fiber, zirconium fiber, magnesium fiber, mineral wool, glass ceramic fiber, calcium silicate fiber and silicon nitride fiber.

[0014] In one embodiment, the diameter of the organic fiber is 1 to 20 μm, and the length of the organic fiber is 6 to 20 mm;

[0015] and / or,

[0016] The diameter of the inorganic fiber is 2 to 15 μm, and the length of the inorganic fiber is 3 to 20 mm.

[0017] In one embodiment, the binder includes: 10-40 wt % of an organic binder and 60-90 wt % of an inorganic binder.

[0018] In one embodiment, the organic binder is selected from any one or more of polyethylene fiber alcohol, polyurethane, polyacrylate, polyester, starch-based binder, polyvinyl acetate, polylactic acid, polyvinyl chloride, phenolic resin, epoxy resin, polyamide and water-based acrylic acid;

[0019] and / or,

[0020] The inorganic binder is selected from any one or more of sodium silicate, aluminum hydroxide, zirconium silicate, calcium salt, phosphoric acid, hydrated aluminum oxide, calcium fluoride, bauxite, calcium oxide and iron oxide.

[0021] In one embodiment, the flame retardant is selected from: any one or more of aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, ammonium polyphosphate, melamine and decabromodiphenyl ether;

[0022] and / or,

[0023] The photocurable resin is selected from any one or more of polyester acrylic resin, amino acrylic resin and photo-imaging alkali-soluble resin.

[0024] The present application also provides a fireproof structure comprising any one of the above compositions, the fireproof structure comprising: a single-layer first fireproof layer and a double-layer second fireproof layer, second fireproof layers are respectively provided on both sides of the first fireproof layer, the first fireproof layer and the second fireproof layer both comprise expandable graphite and supporting fibers, and a bonding layer is provided between the first fireproof layer and the second fireproof layer;

[0025] In the first fireproof layer, the content of the supporting fibers is 10-45wt% of the first fireproof layer, and the filler ratio of the low-mesh expandable graphite to the high-mesh expandable graphite is (2.3-5.6):1;

[0026] and / or,

[0027] In the second fireproof layer, the content of supporting fibers is 65-80wt% of the second fireproof layer, and the filler ratio of the low-mesh expandable graphite to the high-mesh expandable graphite is (0.11-0.43):1.

[0028] In one embodiment, the thermal activation temperature of the expandable graphite is greater than 205°C.

[0029] In one embodiment, the fireproof structure further includes: a flame retardant layer, and the flame retardant layer is arranged on the outer surface of the second fireproof layer.

[0030] In one embodiment, the fireproof structure further includes: a strip-shaped photocurable resin layer, and the photocurable resin layer is arranged on the outer surface of the flame retardant layer.

[0031] In one of the embodiments, the coverage area of ​​the photocurable resin layer accounts for 8 to 40% of the surface area of ​​the fireproof structure;

[0032] and / or,

[0033] The coating interval between adjacent photocurable resin layers is 2 to 15 cm.

[0034] The present application also provides a method for preparing a composition comprising any one of the above or a fireproof structure according to any one of the above, the preparation method comprising:

[0035] Step 1: Inorganic fiber, organic fiber, high expandable graphite and low expandable graphite are mixed and dispersed in water, and then a binder is added to form and dry to obtain a first fireproof layer;

[0036] Step 2: After the inorganic fiber, organic fiber, high expandable graphite and low expandable graphite are mixed and dispersed in water, a binder is added to form and dry to obtain a second fireproof layer;

[0037] Step 3: Hot-pressing and laminating: hot-pressing and laminating in a manner that both sides of the first fireproof layer are clamped by the second fireproof layer to obtain a product.

[0038] In one embodiment, the preparation method further includes: post-processing, and the post-processing method includes: foam coating a flame retardant layer on the surface of the product.

[0039] In one embodiment, the post-processing method further comprises: coating a strip-shaped photocurable resin layer on the surface of the flame retardant layer.

[0040] In summary, the present application provides a composition, including: expandable graphite, supporting fibers and a binder; the expandable graphite includes: high-mesh expandable graphite and low-mesh expandable graphite. The present application also provides a fireproof structure including the above composition, including: a single-layer first fireproof layer and a double-layer second fireproof layer, and the second fireproof layer is provided on both sides of the first fireproof layer. The present application also provides a method for preparing the above composition or the above fireproof structure. In the technical solution provided by the present application, the high-mesh expandable graphite is wrapped and fixed by supporting fibers, and the low-mesh expandable graphite is expanded and sealed, and a "sandwich"-like composite fireproof structure is added, which has good fireproof performance. At the same time, through the improvement of the structure and raw materials, the material thickness is reduced, the composite performance is good, and the graphite is not easy to fall off; the technical defects of the existing technology that the expandable fireproof composite material has large thickness, poor composite performance, low expansion material filling ratio, low expansion ratio and easy falling of the expandable material are solved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying any creative work.

[0042] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the fireproof structure in the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Figure 2A schematic diagram of a preparation method in the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Among them, there are a first fireproof layer 100 , a second fireproof layer 200 and a flame retardant layer 300 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The embodiments of the present application provide a composition, a fireproof structure and a preparation method thereof, which are used to solve the technical defects of the prior art, such as large thickness, poor composite performance, low filling ratio of the expanding material, low expansion ratio and easy shedding of the expanding material, of the expanding fireproof composite material.

[0046] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the present application, so the present application is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0047] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0048] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0049] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0050] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being “above” or “below” a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being “above”, “above”, and “above” a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being “below”, “below”, and “below” a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0051] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be a central element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be a central element at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to be the only implementation method.

[0052] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 The following embodiments will be combined with Figure 2 Flow chart of the preparation method, preparation Figure 1 Fireproof structure.

[0053] Example 1

[0054] This embodiment is a specific embodiment of preparing a fireproof structural product 1.

[0055] Step 1: Prepare the first fireproof layer (100)

[0056] 3.9 kg of organic fiber (polyvinyl chloride fiber), 4.2 kg of inorganic fiber (glass fiber, 3.9 kg of glass fiber wool), 12 kg of low-mesh expandable graphite (particle size 50 mesh) and 6 kg of high-mesh expandable graphite (particle size 100 mesh) are put into a pulping dispersion tank, and the pulping is carried out for 15 minutes after the dispersion tank reaches 70% liquid level. During this process, 1 kg of surfactant hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide solution and 300 ml of hydrophilic agent (polyacrylamide PAM) are added. Among them, the diameter of the organic fiber is 5 μm, the fiber length of the organic fiber is 6 mm, the diameter of the glass fiber is 7 microns, the diameter of the glass fiber is 4 microns, the fiber length of the glass fiber is 6 mm, and the fiber length of the glass fiber wool is 3-7 mm.

[0057] The pulp in the pulping tank is injected into the transition tank and the liquid level is raised to 100%. 200 ml of defoamer (BYK2580) is added to the transition tank. After uniform dispersion, the liquid in the transition tank is injected into the pre-scraping tank.

[0058] Add 16.5 kg of binder (10% wt% sodium polyacrylate) to the pre-copying tank and continue to disperse. After the slurry is evenly dispersed, it is put on the screen through the sizing system for forming. The running speed is 15 m / min, and the binder is sprayed on the dry screen for glue spraying reinforcement. The glue spraying amount is 5%.

[0059] After forming, it enters a drying box and a drying roller for drying in sequence, wherein the drying temperature is 130° C. After drying is completed, it is rolled up to obtain a first fireproof layer (100) 1.

[0060] Step 2: Prepare the second fireproof layer (200)

[0061] 5.1kg of organic fiber (polyvinyl chloride fiber), 6kg of inorganic fiber (6kg of high silica fiber, 7.5kg of ceramic fiber wool), 2.4kg of low mesh expandable graphite (particle size 80 mesh) and 9kg of high mesh expandable graphite (particle size 150 mesh) were put into a pulping dispersion tank, and the pulping was carried out for 15 minutes after the liquid level in the dispersion tank reached 70%. During this process, 1kg of surfactant hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide solution and 300ml of hydrophilic agent (Kekai S6327) were added. Among them, the diameter of the organic fiber is 12 microns, the fiber length of the organic fiber is 10mm, the diameter of the high silica fiber is 10 microns, the diameter of the ceramic fiber wool is 7 microns, the fiber length of the inorganic fiber is 8 microns, the fiber length of the high silica fiber is 12mm, and the fiber length of the ceramic fiber wool is 10mm.

[0062] The pulp in the pulping tank is injected into the transition tank and the liquid level is raised to 100%. 200 ml of defoamer (BYK2580) is added to the transition tank. After uniform dispersion, the liquid in the transition tank is injected into the pre-scraping tank.

[0063] Add 16.5kg of binder (12wt% sodium silicate solution) into the pre-copying pool and continue to disperse. After the slurry is evenly dispersed, it is put on the screen for forming through the sizing system. The running speed is 15m / min, and the binder (the binder is sodium silicate solution) is sprayed on the dry screen for glue reinforcement. The glue spraying amount is 7%.

[0064] After forming, it enters into a drying box and a drying roller for drying in sequence, wherein the drying temperature is 130° C. After drying is completed, it is rolled up to obtain a second fireproof layer (200) 1.

[0065] Step 3: Hot pressing composite

[0066] The three are hot-pressed and compounded according to a "sandwich-like" structure of the second fireproof layer (200) 1-the first fireproof layer (100) 1-the second fireproof layer (200) 1 to obtain an intermediate product 1; wherein the hot roller temperature is 130°C, the hot pressing speed is 0.4m / min, and the pressure between the rollers is 25MPa.

[0067] Step 4: Post-processing

[0068] 1 kg of decabromodiphenyl ether, 0.4 kg of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate and 8.6 kg of water were mixed evenly, added to a foam coating machine, and then air was injected to generate a stable foam 1 (a coating material for the flame retardant layer 300). The foam 1 was evenly coated on the upper and lower surfaces of the intermediate product 1 at a speed of 25 m / min using a roller coating device, wherein the coating thickness of the foam 1 was 5 μm. After coating, the coating was dried at 85° C. for 5 minutes by infrared rays to obtain a coated product 1.

[0069] In the reaction kettle, 6.5 kg of polyurethane acrylate and 3.5 kg of decabromodiphenyl ether were added into a mixing tank preheated to 80°C and dispersed for 1.5 h. Then, when the temperature dropped to 40°C, 0.3 kg of 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl (photoinitiator) was added and dispersed for another 0.5 h to obtain a photocurable resin 1.

[0070] The photocurable resin 1 is injected into the glue application device, and the photocurable resin 1 is pre-dispersed to control the internal viscosity of the storage tank to be 500-1000 cP. The nozzles of the glue application device are arranged horizontally, and the nozzle interval is set to 10 cm, so as to form uniform and continuous stripes on the surface of the coated product 1.

[0071] Before the gluing operation, ensure that the coated product 1 is smoothly fed into the gluing device, and start gluing from one end of the coated product 1, with each gluing strip having a width of 0.5-1 cm. During the gluing process, ensure that each nozzle sprays glue evenly to avoid missed spraying or repeated spraying.

[0072] After the glue application is started, the UV curing lamp is started synchronously to keep the light evenly covering the glue application area. The curing time is 5-7 seconds to obtain the fireproof structure product 1.

[0073] Example 2

[0074] This embodiment is a specific embodiment of preparing a fireproof structural product 2.

[0075] In this embodiment, the same operation steps as in Example 1 were used for preparation. For the composition and amount of raw materials in each step, please refer to Table 1. The parameters not mentioned in Table 1 are the same as those in Example 1 and are not described here.

[0076] Table 1

[0077]

[0078]

[0079] Example 3

[0080] This embodiment is a specific embodiment of preparing a fireproof structural product 3.

[0081] In this embodiment, the same operation steps as in embodiment 1 are used for preparation, and the composition and feeding amount of the raw materials in each step are shown in Table 2. The parameters not mentioned in Table 2 are the same as those in embodiment 1 and are not described here.

[0082] Table 2

[0083]

[0084] Example 4

[0085] This embodiment is a specific embodiment of preparing a fireproof structural product 4.

[0086] In this embodiment, the same operation steps as in Example 1 were used for preparation. The composition and feeding amount of the raw materials in each step are shown in Table 3. The parameters not mentioned in Table 3 are the same as those in Example 1 and are not described here.

[0087] Table 3

[0088]

[0089]

[0090] Example 5

[0091] This embodiment is a specific embodiment of preparing a fireproof structural product 5.

[0092] In this embodiment, the same operation steps as in Example 1 were used for preparation, and the composition and feeding amount of the raw materials in each step are shown in Table 4. The parameters not mentioned in Table 4 are the same as those in Example 1 and are not described here.

[0093] Table 4

[0094]

[0095]

[0096] Example 6

[0097] This example is a specific example of measuring the performance of products 1 to 5 and reference products prepared in Examples 1 to 5. In this example, the reference product used is a commercially available product of the same type.

[0098] In this embodiment, the surface density, thickness, tensile strength, shedding rate and thickness expansion ratio of each sample to be tested are tested respectively.

[0099] In this embodiment, the method for measuring the surface density is: GB / T 4669-2008.

[0100] The thickness measurement method is: GB / T 451.3-2002.

[0101] The method for determining tensile strength is: GB / T 12914-2018.

[0102] The method for determining the shedding rate is as follows: cut and rewind the fireproof material into a continuous coil with a width of 300mm and a length of 100m, and weigh it as M1, place it on the rewinding equipment, run it at a composite speed of 15m / min and complete the rewinding, and weigh the mass of the coil after rewinding as M2, then the shedding rate = (M1-M2) / M1*100%.

[0103] The method for determining the thickness expansion ratio is as follows: place a piece of fireproof material with a thickness of D1 and a size of 10*10cm horizontally, then place the fireproof non-woven fabric in a high-temperature heating box at 450 degrees Celsius for 15 minutes, take it out, place it horizontally and measure the thickness again to be D2. The expansion ratio is (D2-D1) / D1*100%.

[0104] Please refer to Table 5 for the obtained measurement results.

[0105] Table 5

[0106]

[0107]

[0108] It can be concluded from Table 5 that, compared with the reference product, the surface density of the product is greater than / less than that of the reference product, indicating that compared with similar products on the market, the product prepared by the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, each layer of material can not only be used alone, effectively reducing the thickness and weight of the fire-retardant expansion material, but also has a higher expansion ratio and flame retardant effect.

[0109] The product obtained by the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application is easier to be used in combination with other materials due to its lower surface density and rich pore structure of the non-woven fabric. The non-woven porous structure can effectively reduce the internal defects of the composite material and improve the composite strength.

[0110] However, the expanded fireproof non-woven materials in the prior art have technical defects such as large thickness, poor subsequent composite performance, low expanded material filling ratio, low overall material expansion ratio and easy shedding of expanded materials due to the brittle texture of the inorganic fibers they use and weak structural cohesion. They are difficult to withstand high-pressure and high-tension composite processes.

[0111] It can be concluded from the technical solutions provided in this application and the above embodiments that a composition, a fireproof structure and a preparation method thereof provided in this application have the following advantages:

[0112] First, in the raw materials of the composition provided by the present application, high-mesh expandable graphite and low-mesh expandable graphite are compounded, and the ratio of the two graphites can be flexibly adjusted by structural design, making full use of the respective advantages of low-mesh expandable graphite having good expansion and sealing effects but being difficult to combine with non-woven fabrics and high-mesh expandable graphite combining tightly with non-woven structures but having weak expansion and sealing effects, thereby increasing the overall amount of expandable graphite added, reducing the graphite shedding rate and taking into account good fireproof sealing performance effects.

[0113] Second, a flame retardant is added to the raw materials of the composition provided in the embodiments of the present application. The fireproof performance of the fireproof structural product is further enhanced through secondary compounding of the flame retardant and expandable graphite.

[0114] Foam coating makes the flame retardant decabromodiphenyl ether very evenly distributed on the surface and pore structure of the fireproof non-woven structure, enhancing the fireproof performance (decabromodiphenyl ether can decompose rapidly at high temperature to produce a large amount of non-flammable gas, which can dilute the oxygen concentration in the environment, thereby inhibiting the spread of flames. At the same time, the dense carbon layer formed during the decomposition process can also effectively isolate the transfer of heat and oxygen, further enhancing the flame retardant effect.), and foam coating also modifies the surface of the material without affecting the pore structure of the material, further fixes the expandable graphite, and reduces the shedding rate of the expandable graphite during processing.

[0115] Third, a photocurable resin is added to the raw materials of the composition provided in the embodiment of the present application, and the photocurable resin is covered on the outer surface of the fireproof structure product in stripes. On the one hand, the strength of the fireproof structure product is increased by the photocurable resin, and on the other hand, the striped shape will not cover too much of the pores of the protective structure product, thereby ensuring the performance of the fireproof and composite properties.

[0116] In the fireproof structure provided in the embodiment of the present application, the thickness of the prepared fireproof layer is small, and the fireproof layer can be compounded; the first fireproof layer (100) and the second fireproof layer (200) are formed into a combination form of a "sandwich" structure, with the first fireproof layer (100) being in the middle, and the use of high-proportion, low-mesh expandable graphite with better expansion ratio and sealing effect ensures the expansion ratio and fireproof sealing effect of the fireproof sealing material, and the second fireproof layer (200) is further enhanced by adding high-mesh, relatively low-proportion expandable graphite to further enhance the expansion sealing effect and maintain a low graphite shedding rate. Through the comprehensive structural design, good expansion sealing effect, ultra-thinness and low graphite shedding rate are taken into account, and the low-filler non-woven fabric modifies the overall surface smoothness of the material.

[0117] Fourth, in the raw materials of the composition provided in the embodiment of the present application, the supporting fibers are compounded from inorganic fibers and organic fibers. The organic fibers have better adhesion, can provide sufficient framework support, and do not affect the pore structure of the non-woven fabric. At the same time, after compounding the inorganic fibers, the inorganic fibers have better flame retardant properties and mechanical strength, and the fireproof properties of the supporting fibers are optimized. By adjusting the ratio of organic fibers to inorganic fibers, both the sufficient supporting effect of the supporting fibers and the fireproof properties of the supporting fibers are ensured.

[0118] Fifth, in the raw materials of the composition provided in the embodiment of the present application, the binder is composed of an inorganic binder and an organic binder, wherein the organic binder has a better bonding effect on the supporting fibers, and the inorganic binder can optimize the flame retardant effect of the binder. By adjusting the ratio of the inorganic binder and the organic binder, it is ensured that the binder can have good bonding to the supporting fibers while also ensuring the fire retardant performance of the binder.

[0119] The products produced by the technical solution provided in this application not only have improved fire resistance, but also have good processability and adaptability. They can be widely used in fire protection needs in the fields of construction, transportation, electronics, etc., and can enhance the safety and protection capabilities of various facilities under fire conditions.

[0120] In summary, the present application provides a composition, including: expandable graphite, supporting fibers and a binder; the expandable graphite includes: high-mesh expandable graphite and low-mesh expandable graphite. The present application also provides a fireproof structure including the above composition, including: a single-layer first fireproof layer and a double-layer second fireproof layer, and the second fireproof layer is provided on both sides of the first fireproof layer. The present application also provides a method for preparing the above composition or the above fireproof structure. In the technical solution provided by the present application, the high-mesh expandable graphite is wrapped and fixed by supporting fibers, and the low-mesh expandable graphite is expanded and sealed, and a "sandwich"-like composite fireproof structure is added, which has good fireproof performance. At the same time, through the improvement of the structure and raw materials, the material thickness is reduced, the composite performance is good, and the graphite is not easy to fall off; the technical defects of the existing technology that the expandable fireproof composite material has large thickness, poor composite performance, low expansion material filling ratio, low expansion ratio and easy falling of the expandable material are solved.

[0121] The technical features of the above-mentioned embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-mentioned embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification. At the same time, other implementation methods can be derived from the above-mentioned embodiments, so that structural and logical replacements and changes can be made without departing from the scope of this disclosure.

[0122] The above-described embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent application shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A composition, characterized in that The raw materials of the composition include: expandable graphite, supporting fibers and a binder; The expandable graphite includes: high-mesh expandable graphite and low-mesh expandable graphite. The particle size of the high-mesh expandable graphite is 100-350 meshes, and the particle size of the low-mesh expandable graphite is 20-80 meshes.

2. The composition according to claim 1, characterized in that The raw materials of the composition also include: flame retardant and / or light-curable resin.

3. The composition according to claim 2, characterized in that The raw materials of the composition include, by weight, 35 to 80 parts of expandable graphite, 20 to 80 parts of supporting fibers, 1 to 15 parts of a binder, 1 to 20 parts of a flame retardant and 1 to 30 parts of a photocurable resin.

4. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The supporting fibers include: 5-30 wt% of organic fibers and 70-95 wt% of inorganic fibers.

5. The composition according to claim 4, characterized in that The organic fiber is selected from one or more of polyamide, polyester, polyethylene fiber, polypropylene, bonding fiber, polyurethane, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyetheretherketone, polyphenylene sulfide, polyether, polyvinyl chloride, polybutylene, polyimide, polylactic acid, polyester fiber, low melting point nylon fiber, polycarbonate and polystyrene; and / or, The inorganic fiber is selected from: one or more of glass fiber, carbon fiber, ceramic fiber, ceramic fiber wool, zirconium oxide fiber, asbestos, high silica fiber, aluminum silicate fiber, subsilicate fiber, polysiloxane fiber, aerogel fiber, silicon carbide fiber, aluminum oxide fiber, zirconium fiber, basalt fiber, mineral wool, zirconium-containing ceramic fiber wool, glass ceramic fiber, calcium silicate fiber and silicon nitride fiber.

6. The composition according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that The diameter of the organic fiber is 1 to 20 μm, and the length of the organic fiber is 6 to 20 mm; and / or, The diameter of the inorganic fiber is 2 to 15 μm, and the length of the inorganic fiber is 3 to 20 mm.

7. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The binder comprises: 10-40 wt % of an organic binder and 60-90 wt % of an inorganic binder.

8. The composition according to claim 7, characterized in that The organic binder is selected from any one or more of polyvinyl alcohol, polyurethane, polyacrylate, styrene-acrylate emulsion, starch-based binder, polyvinyl acetate, polylactic acid, polyvinyl chloride, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, phenolic resin, epoxy resin, polyamide and water-based acrylic acid; and / or, The inorganic binder is selected from any one or more of sodium silicate, aluminum hydroxide, aluminum dioxide hydrate sol, zirconium silicate, calcium salt, phosphoric acid, hydrated aluminum oxide, calcium fluoride, bauxite, calcium oxide and iron oxide.

9. The composition according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that The flame retardant is selected from: any one or more of aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, ammonium polyphosphate, melamine and decabromodiphenyl ether; and / or, The photocurable resin is selected from any one or more of polyester acrylic resin, amino acrylic resin and photo-imaging alkali-soluble resin.

10. A fireproof structure comprising the composition according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The fireproof structure comprises: a single-layer first fireproof layer and a double-layer second fireproof layer, the second fireproof layer is provided on both sides of the first fireproof layer, the first fireproof layer and the second fireproof layer both comprise expandable graphite and supporting fibers, and a bonding layer is provided between the first fireproof layer and the second fireproof layer; In the first fireproof layer, the content of the supporting fibers is 10-45wt% of the first fireproof layer, and the filler ratio of the low-mesh expandable graphite to the high-mesh expandable graphite is (2.3-5.6):1; and / or, In the second fireproof layer, the content of supporting fibers is 65-80wt% of the second fireproof layer, and the filler ratio of the low-mesh expandable graphite to the high-mesh expandable graphite is (0.11-0.43):

1.

11. The fire protection structure according to claim 10, characterized in that: The thermal excitation temperature of the expandable graphite is greater than 205°C.

12. The fire protection structure according to claim 10, characterized in that: The fireproof structure further comprises: a flame retardant layer, and the flame retardant layer is arranged on the outer surface of the second fireproof layer.

13. The fire protection structure according to claim 12, characterized in that: The fireproof structure further comprises: a strip-shaped photocurable resin layer, wherein the photocurable resin layer is arranged on the outer surface of the flame retardant layer.

14. The fire protection structure according to claim 13, characterized in that: The coverage area of ​​the photocurable resin layer accounts for 8 to 40% of the surface area of ​​the fireproof structure; and / or, The coating interval between adjacent photocurable resin layers is 2 to 15 cm.

15. A method for preparing the composition according to any one of claims 1 to 9 or the fireproof structure according to any one of claims 10 to 14, characterized in that: The preparation method comprises: Step 1: Inorganic fiber, organic fiber, high expandable graphite and low expandable graphite are mixed and dispersed in water, and then a binder is added to form and dry to obtain a first fireproof layer; Step 2: After the inorganic fiber, organic fiber, high expandable graphite and low expandable graphite are mixed and dispersed in water, a binder is added to form and dry to obtain a second fireproof layer; Step 3: Hot-pressing and laminating: hot-pressing and laminating in a manner that both sides of the first fireproof layer are clamped by the second fireproof layer to obtain a product.

16. The preparation method according to claim 15, characterized in that: The preparation method further comprises: post-processing, and the post-processing method comprises: foam coating a flame retardant layer on the surface of the product.

17. The preparation method according to claim 16, characterized in that: The post-processing method further comprises: coating a strip-shaped photocurable resin layer on the surface of the flame retardant layer.

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