Thermal deformation prevention clamp for laser cladding thin-wall part and oil cooling integrated device and method

Abstract

The invention provides a laser cladding thin-wall part thermal deformation prevention clamp and oil cooling integrated device and method. The laser cladding thin-wall part thermal deformation prevention clamp and oil cooling integrated device comprises a clamp, a clamping and oil cooling integrated table top and a heat dissipation integrated box. The clamping and oil cooling integrated table top is installed on the heat dissipation integrated box body, a plurality of clamp fixing holes are formed in a top plate of the clamping and oil cooling integrated table top, and the clamps and the clamp fixing holes are matched to be clamped on the clamping and oil cooling integrated table top in a pressing plate clamping mode. An oil cooling circuit is arranged in the clamping and oil cooling integrated table top, a water cooling box is arranged in the heat dissipation integrated box body, a heat dissipation device is arranged in the water cooling box, and the oil cooling circuit is connected with the heat dissipation device through a pipeline. The device can adapt to clamping of thin-wall parts of different sizes, effectively prevents thermal stress deformation of the thin-wall parts, reduces the possibility of crack generation of a cladding layer, can perform real-time oil cooling on the thin-wall parts, effectively improves the quality of the cladding layer, refines crystal grains, and reduces the dilution rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of laser cladding equipment, and in particular to a laser cladding thin-walled parts anti-thermal deformation fixture and an oil cooling integrated device and method. Background Art

[0002] Laser Cladding Technology, as an advanced technology for surface modification, can be traced back to 1974, when it was first proposed by Gnanamuthu of ACVO EVERETT RES LABINC in the United States and was granted patent number US3952180A. The introduction of this technology marks the beginning of basic research in the field of laser cladding. In the early days, due to the limitations of laser technology, the industrialization progress of this technology was significantly restricted. However, with the breakthrough and maturity of high-power laser technology in the 21st century, laser cladding technology has been rapidly widely used in the industry.

[0003] This technology mainly involves using a high-energy laser beam as a heat source to precisely melt pre-selected materials such as powder or wire onto the surface of the base material, and forming a uniform and dense cladding layer by controlling the melting and rapid solidification process. The significant features of laser cladding technology include low dilution rate, small heat input and applicability to a variety of materials, making it have wide application potential in many fields.

[0004] In laser cladding technology, the choice of fixture is crucial to achieve precise and efficient operation. The three-jaw chuck is a commonly used fixture suitable for fixing cylindrical or shaft-shaped parts. Its three evenly distributed claws ensure stable rotation of the workpiece, thereby achieving a uniform cladding layer. For larger or irregularly shaped workpieces, the four-jaw chuck provides higher stability with its more gripping points, which is particularly suitable for precise cladding. The magnetic fixture uses magnetic force to quickly and stably fix easily magnetized materials, which is particularly suitable for small or thin-walled parts and improves work efficiency. The application of these fixtures has greatly improved the accuracy and efficiency of the laser cladding process and provided a flexible solution for processing workpieces of various materials and shapes. However, for the clamping of thin-walled parts in laser cladding technology, magnetic fixtures are currently susceptible to high temperatures during laser cladding, and demagnetization may occur, resulting in weakened magnetism. In addition, for thin-walled parts, the clamping force of the magnetic fixture may be insufficient, causing the parts to bend or deform due to thermal stress during the cladding process. At present, the main defects of laser cladding equipment include the large size of the refrigeration equipment and the large dilution rate of the high-temperature coating when cladding the surface of common steel materials such as 304 and 316L. These problems affect the space efficiency of the equipment and the coating quality, and need to be solved through technical improvements. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above technical problems, the present invention provides a laser cladding thin-walled parts anti-thermal deformation fixture and oil cooling integrated device and method, which can adapt to the clamping of thin-walled parts of different sizes, effectively prevent the thermal stress deformation of thin-walled parts, reduce the possibility of cracks in the cladding layer, and can perform real-time oil cooling, effectively improving the quality of the cladding layer, refining the grains, and reducing the dilution rate.

[0006] Note that the description of these objectives does not prevent the existence of other objectives. One embodiment of the present invention does not need to achieve all of the above objectives. Objectives other than the above objectives can be extracted from the description of the specification, drawings, and claims.

[0007] The present invention achieves the above technical objectives through the following technical means.

[0008] A laser cladding thin-walled parts anti-thermal deformation fixture and oil cooling integrated device, including a fixture, a clamping oil cooling integrated desktop, and a heat dissipation integrated box;

[0009] The clamp-mounted oil-cooled integrated desktop is installed on an integrated heat dissipation box body; a plurality of clamp fixing holes are provided on the top plate of the clamp-mounted oil-cooled integrated desktop body; the clamp and the clamp fixing holes are clamped on the clamp-mounted oil-cooled integrated desktop body in a pressure plate clamping form; an oil cooling circuit is provided in the clamp-mounted oil-cooled integrated desktop body; a water cooling box is provided in the heat dissipation integrated box body; a heat dissipation device is provided in the water cooling box; and the oil cooling circuit is connected to the heat dissipation device through a pipeline.

[0010] In the above scheme, the fixture includes a plurality of bolts, and the two ends of the thin-walled substrate cooperate with the fixture fixing holes on the upper surface of the clamping and oil-cooling integrated desktop through the bolts, so as to clamp the thin-walled substrate to be tested on the clamping and oil-cooling integrated desktop in the form of a pressure plate.

[0011] In the above scheme, the oil cooling circuit includes a first oil cooling pipeline and a second oil cooling pipeline; the first oil cooling pipeline and the second oil cooling pipeline are two serpentine channel structures with the same direction, which are arranged in parallel on the bottom plate inside the clamp-mounted oil-cooling integrated desktop, and the spacing between the two channels is uniform; the first oil cooling pipeline is provided with a first oil inlet and a first oil outlet; the second oil cooling pipeline is provided with a second oil inlet and a second oil outlet; the first oil inlet and the second oil outlet are located on one side of the clamp-mounted oil-cooling integrated desktop, and the first oil outlet and the second oil inlet are located on the other side of the clamp-mounted oil-cooling integrated desktop.

[0012] Furthermore, the heat dissipation device is placed in water in the water cooling box, and the heat dissipation device includes a first vacuum heat conductive tube, a second vacuum heat conductive tube, a third vacuum heat conductive tube, a fourth vacuum heat conductive tube, a first submerged heat dissipation fin, and a second submerged heat dissipation fin; the first vacuum heat conductive tube and the second vacuum heat conductive tube are arranged in parallel, and the first submerged heat dissipation fin surrounds the surface of the first vacuum heat conductive tube and the second vacuum heat conductive tube; the third vacuum heat conductive tube and the fourth vacuum heat conductive tube are arranged in parallel, and the second submerged heat dissipation fin surrounds the surface of the third vacuum heat conductive tube and the fourth vacuum heat conductive tube; the One end of the first vacuum heat-conducting pipe is connected to the first oil outlet through the first pipe, and the other end is connected to the inlet of the first oil pump through the second pipe. The outlet of the first oil pump is connected to one end of the second vacuum heat-conducting pipe, and the other end of the second vacuum heat-conducting pipe is connected to the second oil inlet through the third pipe; one end of the third vacuum heat-conducting pipe is connected to the second oil outlet through the fourth pipe, and the other end is connected to the inlet of the second oil pump through the fifth pipe. The outlet of the second oil pump is connected to one end of the fourth vacuum heat-conducting pipe, and the other end of the fourth vacuum heat-conducting pipe is connected to the first oil inlet through the sixth pipe.

[0013] Furthermore, the fourth pipeline is also connected to the cooling oil outlet of the laser cladding head; and the sixth pipeline is also connected to the cooling oil inlet of the laser cladding head.

[0014] The above scheme also includes a temperature sensor and a controller; the temperature sensor is used to detect the oil temperature signal at the first oil outlet and the second oil outlet and transmit it to the controller, the controller is connected to the temperature sensor and the motor respectively, the first oil pump and the second oil pump are connected to the shaft of the motor, and the controller adjusts the motor speed according to the temperature signal.

[0015] Further, two Y-type splitters are included;

[0016] The inlet of the fourth pipeline is connected to the outlet of one of the Y-type splitters, the two inlets of the Y-type splitter are respectively connected to the second oil outlet and the cooling oil outlet of the laser cladding head, and the outlet of the fourth pipeline is connected to one end of the third vacuum heat conduction pipe; the inlet of the sixth pipeline is connected to the other end of the fourth vacuum heat conduction pipe, the outlet of the sixth pipeline is connected to the inlet of another Y-type splitter, and the two outlets of the Y-type splitter are respectively connected to the first oil inlet and the cooling oil inlet of the laser cladding head.

[0017] Furthermore, the heat dissipation integrated box is provided with a first bridge interface and a second bridge interface on one side and a sixth bridge interface, a third bridge interface, a fourth bridge interface and a fifth bridge interface on the other side. The sixth bridge interface and the fourth bridge interface are respectively connected to the two inlets of a Y-type diverter; the third bridge interface and the fifth bridge interface are respectively connected to the two outlets of another Y-type diverter.

[0018] A control method for the laser cladding thin-walled parts anti-thermal deformation fixture and oil cooling integrated device is characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0019] The oil first enters the first oil cooling pipeline through the first oil inlet, and then flows out from the first oil outlet. The oil enters the first oil inlet of the first vacuum heat pipe of the water cooling box through the first bridge interface of the heat dissipation integrated box, and under the action of the first oil pump, flows out from the first oil outlet of the second vacuum heat pipe of the water cooling box, and then continues to flow through the second bridge interface of the heat dissipation integrated box. The oil enters the second oil cooling pipeline through the second oil inlet and flows out from the second oil outlet. The oil enters the second oil inlet of the third vacuum heat pipe through the third bridge interface again, and under the push of the second oil pump, flows out from the oil outlet of the fourth vacuum heat pipe, and enters the first oil cooling pipeline from the first oil inlet through the fourth bridge interface, completing the entire cooling cycle.

[0020] The above scheme also includes the following steps:

[0021] The oil flows out from the oil outlet of the fourth vacuum heat pipe and enters the oil inlet of the laser cladding head through the fifth bridge interface, and then flows out from the oil outlet of the laser cladding head through the sixth bridge interface to enter the second oil inlet of the third vacuum heat pipe, and under the push of the second oil pump, flows out from the oil outlet of the fourth vacuum heat pipe, enters the first oil cooling pipeline from the first oil inlet through the fourth bridge interface, and completes the entire cooling cycle.

[0022] The above scheme also includes the following steps:

[0023] The temperature sensor detects the oil temperature signals at the first oil outlet and the second oil outlet and transmits them to the controller. The controller adjusts the motor speed according to the temperature signals, thereby adjusting the flow rate of the cooling oil in the first oil pump and the second oil pump.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] The present invention can clamp any plate-like thin-walled parts and perform real-time oil cooling on them, so as to effectively prevent the thin-walled parts from being deformed due to thermal stress during the laser cladding process. The device integrates a table body, cooling pipelines, water cooling equipment, oil pumps and clamps. Through the pressure plate clamp device, it can be adapted and clamped according to the size of the thin-walled parts, effectively preventing the deformation of the parts caused by thermal stress, thereby effectively reducing the generation of cracks in the cladding layer.

[0026] The present invention realizes real-time oil cooling through a two-way oil cooling pipeline soldered with a clamped oil cooling integrated desktop. The cooling oil flows in opposite directions, and the temperature of the oil in the pipeline will not be increased due to the increase in the area of ​​the cladding layer, resulting in a poor cooling effect. A stable cooling effect can be obtained when cladding is performed at any position on the desktop, thereby reducing the solidification time of the cladding layer, refining the grains, and improving the mechanical properties of the coating.

[0027] The present invention adopts integrated cooling, integrating relevant cooling components such as bidirectional oil cooling pipelines and laser cladding head cooling pipelines into the interior of the table body, and is equipped with an oil pump, a cold water tank and a controller, which further improves the convenience of operation and the cladding efficiency.

[0028] The present invention can not only effectively improve the quality of the cladding layer, refine the grains, and reduce the dilution rate, but also effectively integrate the cladding equipment. The present invention realizes efficient processing and protection of thin-walled parts, and provides a new technical means for the application of laser cladding technology in the field of thin-walled parts processing.

[0029] Note that the description of these effects does not prevent the existence of other effects. One embodiment of the present invention does not necessarily have all of the above effects. Effects other than the above can be clearly seen and extracted from the description of the specification, drawings, claims, etc. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a laser cladding thin-walled parts anti-thermal deformation fixture and an oil cooling integrated device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of part of the internal structure of a laser cladding thin-walled part anti-thermal deformation fixture and an oil-cooling integrated device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of a water cooling box according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 4 The three views of the water cooling box of one embodiment of the present invention are shown in FIG. Figure 4 (a) is the front view of the water cooling box. Figure 4 (b) is a top view of the water cooling box. Figure 4 (c) is the side view of the water cooling box.

[0034] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a clamped oil-cooling integrated desktop according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A local enlarged view of point H.

[0036] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of a clamp installation according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of a flow divider according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Fig. 9 Schematic cross-sectional view of a flow divider according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Fig.10 The figure is a schematic diagram of the installation of a flow divider according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Fig.11 for Fig.10 Enlarged perspective view of point A.

[0041] Fig.12 It is a schematic structural diagram of a heat dissipation integrated box according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein: Fig.12 (a) is a schematic diagram of the structure of one side panel of the heat dissipation integrated box. Fig.12 (b) is a schematic diagram of the structure of the other side panel of the heat dissipation integrated box.

[0042] Fig.13 The figure is a schematic structural diagram of an oil cooling circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] Fig.14 The figure is a general schematic diagram of a water cooling circuit structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Fig.15 This is a metallographic grain refinement comparison diagram of an embodiment of the present invention, wherein: Fig.15 (A) is the metallographic diagram obtained from the equipment test of this embodiment, Fig.15 (B) is the metallographic diagram obtained from the test of existing equipment.

[0045] In the figure, 1. substrate; 2. fixture; 107. fixture fixing hole; 3. clamp-mounted oil cooling integrated desktop; 4. heat dissipation integrated box; 5. temperature control screen; 6. emergency stop button; 7. start button; 8. fifth bridge interface; 9. second oil outlet; 10; first oil inlet; 11. laser cladding head; 12. second oil pump; 13. first immersion cooling fin; 14. second immersion cooling fin; 15. water cooling box; 16. first oil pump; 17. bottom plate; 18. first vacuum heat pipe; 19. second vacuum heat pipe; 20. third vacuum heat pipe; 21. fourth vacuum heat pipe; 22. Water inlet; 23. Water outlet; 24. External water contact copper tube; 25. Internal oil contact copper tube; 26. Capillary copper powder; 27. Second oil inlet; 28. First oil outlet; 29. ​​First oil cooling pipeline; 30. Second oil cooling pipeline; 31. Laser cladding head cooling oil outlet; 32. Laser cladding head cooling oil outlet; 33. Sixth bridge interface; 34. Third bridge interface; 35. Fourth bridge interface; 36. First bridge interface; 37. Second bridge interface; 38. Water cooling box oil inlet; 39. Second oil inlet; 40. Water cooling box oil outlet; 41. Oil outlet; 42. Diverter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0047] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "front", "back", "left", "right", "up", "down", "axial", "radial", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0048] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0049] Figure 1 The figure shows a preferred embodiment of the laser cladding thin-walled parts anti-heat deformation fixture and oil-cooling integrated device, the laser cladding thin-walled parts anti-heat deformation fixture and oil-cooling integrated device, including a fixture 2, a clamp-mounted oil-cooling integrated desktop 3, and a heat dissipation integrated box 4; the clamp-mounted oil-cooling integrated desktop 3 is installed on the heat dissipation integrated box 4, and the top plate of the clamp-mounted oil-cooling integrated desktop 3 is provided with a plurality of fixture fixing holes 107, and the fixture 2 and the fixture fixing holes 107 are clamped on the clamp-mounted oil-cooling integrated desktop 3 in a pressure plate clamping form; the clamp-mounted oil-cooling integrated desktop 3 is provided with an oil cooling circuit, the heat dissipation integrated box 4 is provided with a water cooling box 15, and the water cooling box 15 is provided with a heat dissipation device, and the oil cooling circuit is connected to the heat dissipation device through a pipeline.

[0050] like Figure 2 , 5As shown in Figures 6 and 7, preferably, the clamp 2 includes a plurality of bolts, and the two ends of the thin-walled substrate 1 cooperate with the clamp fixing holes 107 on the upper surface of the clamping oil-cooling integrated desktop 3 through the bolts, and the thin-walled substrate 1 to be measured is clamped on the clamping oil-cooling integrated desktop 3 in the form of a pressure plate, and can be clamped according to thin-walled parts of different sizes, effectively preventing thermal stress deformation of thin-walled parts and reducing the possibility of cracks in the cladding layer.

[0051] The bolts are M10 bolts.

[0052] The oil cooling circuit includes a first oil cooling pipeline 29 and a second oil cooling pipeline 30; preferably, the first oil cooling pipeline 29 and the second oil cooling pipeline 30 are in soldering contact with the clamped oil cooling integrated desktop 3; the first oil cooling pipeline 29 and the second oil cooling pipeline 30 are two serpentine channel structures with the same direction, arranged in parallel on the bottom plate 17 inside the clamped oil cooling integrated desktop 3, with uniform spacing between the two channels, compact layout, less space occupied, and the upper and lower layers strictly maintained parallel, without intersection or overlap. This design not only optimizes space utilization, but also effectively enhances the uniform distribution of fluid, helps to improve the overall heat exchange efficiency, and makes it suitable for scenarios of efficient heat transfer or fluid distribution.

[0053] The first oil cooling pipeline 29 is provided with a first oil inlet 10 and a first oil outlet 28; the second oil cooling pipeline 30 is provided with a second oil inlet 27 and a second oil outlet 9; the first oil inlet 10 and the second oil outlet 9 are located on one side of the clamped oil-cooled integrated desktop 3, and the first oil outlet 28 and the second oil inlet 27 are located on the other side of the clamped oil-cooled integrated desktop 3.

[0054] like Figure 3 and 4 As shown, the heat dissipation device is placed in the water in the water cooling box 15, and the heat dissipation device includes a first vacuum heat conductive tube 18, a second vacuum heat conductive tube 19, a third vacuum heat conductive tube 20, a fourth vacuum heat conductive tube 21, a first submerged heat dissipation fin 13 and a second submerged heat dissipation fin 14; the first vacuum heat conductive tube 18 and the second vacuum heat conductive tube 19 are arranged in parallel, and the first submerged heat dissipation fin 13 surrounds the surface of the first vacuum heat conductive tube 18 and the second vacuum heat conductive tube 19, preferably, they are connected by soldering; the third vacuum heat conductive tube 20 and the fourth vacuum heat conductive tube 21 are arranged in parallel, and the second submerged heat dissipation fin 14 surrounds the surface of the third vacuum heat conductive tube 20 and the fourth vacuum heat conductive tube 21, preferably, they are connected by soldering.

[0055] One end of the first vacuum heat conducting pipe 18 is connected to the first oil outlet 28 through the first pipe, and the other end is connected to the inlet of the first oil pump 16 through the second pipe. The outlet of the first oil pump 16 is connected to one end of the second vacuum heat conducting pipe 19, and the other end of the second vacuum heat conducting pipe 19 is connected to the second oil inlet 27 through the third pipe; one end of the third vacuum heat conducting pipe 20 is connected to the second oil outlet 9 through the fourth pipe, and the other end is connected to the inlet of the second oil pump 12 through the fifth pipe. The outlet of the second oil pump 12 is connected to one end of the fourth vacuum heat conducting pipe 21, and the other end of the fourth vacuum heat conducting pipe 21 is connected to the first oil inlet 10 through the sixth pipe, forming a two-way oil cooling pipeline, which can provide cooling for thin-walled parts in real time. By using the two-way oil cooling pipeline soldered to the clamped oil-cooled integrated desktop 3, the cooling oil flows in opposite directions, which is conducive to obtaining stable cooling when performing cladding at any position of the clamped oil-cooled integrated desktop 3, reducing the solidification time of the cladding layer, refining the grains, and improving the mechanical properties of the coating.

[0056] The fourth pipe is also connected to the cooling oil outlet 31 of the laser cladding head 11; the sixth pipe is also connected to the cooling oil inlet 32 ​​of the laser cladding head 11. The cooling oil inlet 32 ​​and the cooling oil outlet 31 of the laser cladding head 11 share the water cooling box 15 with the clamped oil cooling integrated desktop 3.

[0057] Preferably, the clamped oil-cooling integrated desktop 3 is made of 304 stainless steel.

[0058] Preferably, the first submerged heat dissipation fins 13 and the second submerged heat dissipation fins 14 are aluminum sheets with a thickness of 0.4 mm and a spacing of 1 mm.

[0059] Preferably, the first oil pump 16 and the second oil pump 12 are both micro piston oil pumps installed inside the heat dissipation integrated box 4 .

[0060] Preferably, the first vacuum heat conducting tube 18, the second vacuum heat conducting tube 19, the third vacuum heat conducting tube 20, and the fourth vacuum heat conducting tube 21 have the same specifications, the external water contact copper tube 24 and the internal oil contact copper tube 25 are sealed at both ends, and the copper powder is sintered into a sponge capillary structure 26 inside, and vacuum is drawn.

[0061] Preferably, the first pipe, the second pipe, the third pipe, the fourth pipe, the fifth pipe, and the sixth pipe are made of high temperature resistant materials; the high temperature resistant materials are polyphenylene powder materials, which have good flame retardancy. Preferably, the water cooling box 15 is provided with a water inlet 22 and a water outlet 23; the water cooling box water inlet 22 and the water outlet 23 are connected to a small integrated water chiller, and a certain water flow rate needs to be maintained; the second oil pump 12 is flush with the third vacuum heat pipe 20 and the fourth vacuum heat pipe 21 and is fixed in the center to the side plate of the heat dissipation integrated box 4; the first oil pump 16 is flush with the first vacuum heat pipe 18 and the second vacuum heat pipe 19 and is fixed in the center to the side plate of the heat dissipation integrated box 4.

[0062] like Figure 8 and 9 As shown, preferably, the laser cladding thin-walled parts anti-thermal deformation fixture and oil cooling integrated device also includes two Y-type splitters 42; one Y-type splitter 42 has two inlets and one outlet, and the other Y-type splitter 42 has one inlet and two outlets. Preferably, the splitter includes a main body, two fluid channels and a jet channel, the fluid channel and the jet channel are arranged in the main body, the two fluid channels are connected to the jet channel, and the inner diameter of the connection between the jet channel and the fluid channel gradually decreases along the direction of the fluid channel, and the connection part adopts a smooth transition design to reduce fluid resistance and reduce eddy current phenomenon, thereby improving fluid transmission efficiency.

[0063] Combination Fig.10 , 11 As shown in , 12, 13, and 14, the inlet of the fourth pipeline is connected to the outlet of one of the Y-type splitters 42, the two inlets of the Y-type splitter 42 are respectively connected to the second oil outlet 9 and the cooling oil outlet 31 of the laser cladding head 11, and the outlet of the fourth pipeline is connected to one end of the third vacuum heat pipe 20; the inlet of the sixth pipeline is connected to the other end of the fourth vacuum heat pipe 21, the outlet of the sixth pipeline is connected to the inlet of another Y-type splitter 42, and the two outlets of the Y-type splitter 42 are respectively connected to the first oil inlet 10 and the cooling oil inlet 32 ​​of the laser cladding head 11.

[0064] The heat dissipation integrated box 4 has a first bridge interface 36 and a second bridge interface 37 on one side and a sixth bridge interface 33, a third bridge interface 34, a fourth bridge interface 35 and a fifth bridge interface 8 on the other side. The sixth bridge interface 33 and the fourth bridge interface 35 are respectively connected to the two inlets of a Y-type diverter 42 and are merged by the diverter 42; the third bridge interface 34 and the fifth bridge interface 8 are respectively connected to the two outlets of another Y-type diverter 42 and are diverted by the diverter 42.

[0065] Preferably, the laser cladding thin-walled parts anti-thermal deformation fixture and oil cooling integrated device also includes a controller, a temperature sensor, a temperature control screen 5, an emergency stop button 6, and a start button 7; the temperature sensor, the temperature control screen 5, the emergency stop button 6, and the start button 7 are connected to the controller within 1 minute; the temperature sensor detects the oil temperature signal at the first oil outlet 28 and the second oil outlet 9 and transmits it to the controller, and the temperature control screen 5 is used to display the temperature signal. The emergency stop button 6 is used to stop the device, and the start button 7 is used to start the device.

[0066] The first oil pump 16 and the second oil pump 12 are connected to the shaft of the motor. The temperature sensor detects the oil temperature signal at the first oil outlet 28 and the second oil outlet 9 and transmits it to the controller. The controller adjusts the motor speed according to the temperature signal, thereby adjusting the temperature. If the temperature is too high, the flow rate is increased.

[0067] Before the laser cladding starts, the substrate is clamped on the clamped oil-cooled integrated desktop 3 by the clamp 2 in the form of a pressure plate clamp. The clamped oil-cooled integrated desktop 3 is installed on the heat dissipation integrated box 4. Integrated heat dissipation module: the water cooling box 15, the first submerged heat dissipation fins 13 and the second submerged heat dissipation fins 14 are installed at the bottom of the heat dissipation integrated box 4. The first oil pump 16 and the second oil pump 12 are installed on both sides of the heat exchange port of the heat dissipation integrated box 4. The first submerged heat dissipation fins 13 and the second submerged heat dissipation fins 14 are installed inside the water cooling box 15, and the third vacuum heat conduction pipe 20 and the fourth vacuum heat conduction pipe 21 are soldered in the first submerged heat dissipation fins 13 and the second submerged heat dissipation fins 14, and the whole is immersed in the water cooling box 15.

[0068] Combination Fig.14 As shown, a control method of the laser cladding thin-walled parts anti-thermal deformation fixture and oil cooling integrated device comprises the following steps:

[0069] The oil first enters the first oil cooling pipeline 29 through the first oil inlet 10, and then flows out from the first oil outlet 28. The oil enters the first oil inlet 38 of the first vacuum heat conducting pipe 18 of the water cooling box 15 through the first bridge interface 36 of the heat dissipation integrated box 4, and under the action of the first oil pump 16, flows out from the first oil outlet 40 of the second vacuum heat conducting pipe 19 of the water cooling box 15, and then continues to flow through the second bridge interface 37 of the heat dissipation integrated box 4, and the oil enters the second oil cooling pipe 19 through the second oil inlet 27. The oil passes through the third bridge interface 34 and enters the second oil inlet 39 of the third vacuum heat pipe 20 again. The oil flows out from the oil outlet 41 of the fourth vacuum heat pipe 21 under the push of the second oil pump 12, and enters the first oil cooling pipeline 29 from the first oil inlet 10 through the fourth bridge interface 35 to complete the entire cooling cycle. The outflowing oil finally returns to the first oil inlet 10, forming a closed circulation system, ensuring the continuous flow and effective cooling of the oil.

[0070] The method further comprises the following steps:

[0071] The oil flows out of the oil outlet 41 of the fourth vacuum heat pipe 21, enters the oil inlet 32 ​​of the laser cladding head 11 through the fifth bridge interface 8, and then flows out from the oil outlet 31 of the laser cladding head 11 through the sixth bridge interface 33 to enter the second oil inlet 39 of the third vacuum heat pipe 20. Under the push of the second oil pump 12, the oil flows out from the oil outlet 41 of the fourth vacuum heat pipe 21, enters the first oil cooling pipeline 29 from the first oil inlet 10 through the fourth bridge interface 35, and completes the entire cooling cycle.

[0072] The following steps are also included:

[0073] The temperature sensor detects the oil temperature signal at the first oil outlet 28 and the second oil outlet 9 and transmits it to the controller. The controller adjusts the motor speed according to the temperature signal, thereby adjusting the flow rate of the cooling oil in the first oil pump 16 and the second oil pump 12.

[0074] The present invention can clamp any plate-shaped thin-walled parts and perform real-time oil cooling on them, so as to effectively prevent the thin-walled parts from deforming due to thermal stress during the laser cladding process. The device integrates a table body, an oil cooling circuit, a water cooling box, an oil pump and a clamp. Through a pressure plate clamp device, the thin-walled parts can be clamped according to their size, effectively preventing the deformation of the parts caused by thermal stress, thereby effectively reducing the generation of cracks in the cladding layer. In addition, the real-time oil cooling is achieved by the two-way oil cooling pipeline soldered to the clamped oil-cooled integrated desktop 3, and the cooling oil flows in opposite directions. The temperature of the oil in the pipeline will not increase due to the increase in the area of ​​the cladding layer, resulting in a poor cooling effect. A stable cooling effect can be obtained when cladding is performed at any position on the desktop, thereby reducing the solidification time of the cladding layer, refining the grains, and improving the mechanical properties of the coating. The present invention integrates integrated cooling, integrates the two-way oil cooling pipeline, the laser cladding head cooling pipeline and related cooling components inside the table body, and is equipped with a micro piston oil pump, a cold water tank and a controller, further improving the convenience of operation and cladding efficiency. The present invention can not only effectively improve the quality of the cladding layer, refine the grains, and reduce the dilution rate, but also effectively integrate the cladding equipment. The present invention realizes efficient processing and protection of thin-walled parts, and provides a new technical means for the application of laser cladding technology in the field of thin-walled parts processing.

[0075] In a specific embodiment of the present invention:

[0076] The NbMoTaW refractory high entropy alloy powder was ball milled for 20 hours and dried for 4 hours.

[0077] Laser cladding is carried out using coaxial powder feeding laser cladding method.

[0078] A sector-shaped 316L stainless steel with a radius of 500 mm, a sector center angle of 300°, and a thickness of 8 mm is clamped on the clamped oil-cooled integrated desktop 3 through a clamp 2 .

[0079] The laser beam travel path is set on the robot controller. To ensure work efficiency, a "Z" shaped cladding line is required. The powder feeding speed is 17g / min, the overlap rate is 30%, the offset is 4.5mm, the laser parameters are 2500W, 8mm / s, the spot diameter is 5mm, and the shielding gas is argon with a purity of ≥99.9wt%.

[0080] Before starting the laser cladding, the substrate 1 and the oil-cooled integrated desktop 3 are cooled for 5 minutes, and the refrigeration equipment is turned on for pre-cooling.

[0081] Laser cladding is then carried out. Thanks to the two-way oil cooling circuit, as the cladding layers in different areas are completed at different time periods, the oil cooling capacity exposed to any cladding node is uniform, and the two-way oil cooling pipeline heat dissipation structure provides a more stable heat dissipation mode for the cladding layer.

[0082] After the experiment was completed, metallographic analysis was performed on samples taken at different time points and in different areas.

[0083] Combination Fig.15 As shown, Fig.15 (A) is the metallographic diagram obtained from the equipment test of this embodiment, Fig.15 (B) is the metallographic image obtained from the test of the existing equipment. By comparison, it is found that the metallographic images obtained from the test of the present invention show that the cladding layers at different time points are dense and uniform, the uniformity of grain distribution is significantly improved, and the grain size at different heights of the cladding layer varies little, indicating that the equipment of the present invention has obvious advantages in controlling grain growth. Compared with the laser cladding NbMoTaW coating at room temperature, the grains are significantly refined and the structure is more dense, resulting in a significant improvement in hardness, wear resistance and corrosion resistance. In addition, the dilution rate is significantly reduced, and the metallurgical bonding quality of the cladding layer and the substrate is further optimized, reducing the adverse effects of the substrate material on the coating performance during the cladding process. This improvement significantly improves the overall performance and applicability of the cladding coating, providing a more efficient solution for industrial applications.

[0084] At the same time, due to the existence of the pressure plate fixture 2, the thermal stress of the high plasticity base material such as 316L can be well restrained to avoid serious deformation of thin-walled parts.

[0085] After the cladding work is completed, a certain amount of powder will be wasted due to the coaxial powder feeding process itself. The powder can be swept through the desktop clamp threaded hole to the bottom plate of the clamped oil-cooled integrated desktop 3 for recycling and reuse.

[0086] It should be understood that although this specification is described according to various embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0087] The series of detailed descriptions listed above are only specific descriptions of feasible embodiments of the present invention. They are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent embodiments or changes that do not deviate from the technical spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser cladding thin-walled parts anti-thermal deformation fixture and oil cooling integrated device, characterized in that: It comprises a fixture (2), a clamped oil-cooling integrated desktop (3), and a heat dissipation integrated box (4); The clamp-mounted oil-cooled integrated desktop (3) is installed on an integrated heat dissipation box (4); a top plate of the clamp-mounted oil-cooled integrated desktop (3) is provided with a plurality of clamp fixing holes (107); the clamp (2) and the clamp fixing holes (107) are clamped on the clamp-mounted oil-cooled integrated desktop (3) in a pressure plate clamping form; an oil cooling circuit is provided in the clamp-mounted oil-cooled integrated desktop (3); a water cooling box (15) is provided in the integrated heat dissipation box (4); a heat dissipation device is provided in the water cooling box (15); and the oil cooling circuit is connected to the heat dissipation device through a pipeline.

2. The laser cladding thin-walled parts anti-thermal deformation fixture and oil cooling integrated device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The clamp (2) comprises a plurality of bolts, and the two ends of the thin-walled substrate (1) cooperate with the clamp fixing holes (107) on the upper surface of the clamping oil-cooling integrated desktop (3) through the bolts, so that the thin-walled substrate (1) to be tested is clamped on the clamping oil-cooling integrated desktop (3) in the form of a pressure plate.

3. The laser cladding thin-walled parts anti-thermal deformation fixture and oil cooling integrated device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The oil cooling circuit comprises a first oil cooling pipeline (29) and a second oil cooling pipeline (30); The first oil cooling pipeline (29) and the second oil cooling pipeline (30) are two serpentine channel structures with the same direction, arranged in parallel on the bottom plate (17) inside the clamped oil cooling integrated desktop (3), and the spacing between the two channels is uniform; The first oil cooling pipeline (29) is provided with a first oil inlet (10) and a first oil outlet (28); the second oil cooling pipeline (30) is provided with a second oil inlet (27) and a second oil outlet (9); the first oil inlet (10) and the second oil outlet (9) are located on one side of the clamped oil cooling integrated desktop (3), and the first oil outlet (28) and the second oil inlet (27) are located on the other side of the clamped oil cooling integrated desktop (3).

4. The laser cladding thin-walled parts anti-thermal deformation fixture and oil cooling integrated device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The heat dissipation device is placed in water in a water cooling box (15), and comprises a first vacuum heat conducting pipe (18), a second vacuum heat conducting pipe (19), a third vacuum heat conducting pipe (20), a fourth vacuum heat conducting pipe (21), a first submerged heat dissipation fin (13) and a second submerged heat dissipation fin (14); The first vacuum heat conducting pipe (18) and the second vacuum heat conducting pipe (19) are arranged in parallel, and the first immersed heat dissipating fins (13) surround the surfaces of the first vacuum heat conducting pipe (18) and the second vacuum heat conducting pipe (19); The third vacuum heat conducting pipe (20) and the fourth vacuum heat conducting pipe (21) are arranged in parallel, and the second immersed heat dissipation fins (14) surround the surfaces of the third vacuum heat conducting pipe (20) and the fourth vacuum heat conducting pipe (21); One end of the first vacuum heat conducting pipe (18) is connected to the first oil outlet (28) through a first pipe, and the other end is connected to the inlet of the first oil pump (16) through a second pipe, the outlet of the first oil pump (16) is connected to one end of the second vacuum heat conducting pipe (19), and the other end of the second vacuum heat conducting pipe (19) is connected to the second oil inlet (27) through a third pipe; One end of the third vacuum heat conducting pipe (20) is connected to the second oil outlet (9) via a fourth pipe, and the other end is connected to the inlet of the second oil pump (12) via a fifth pipe. The outlet of the second oil pump (12) is connected to one end of the fourth vacuum heat conducting pipe (21), and the other end of the fourth vacuum heat conducting pipe (21) is connected to the first oil inlet (10) via a sixth pipe.

5. The laser cladding thin-walled parts anti-thermal deformation fixture and oil cooling integrated device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The fourth pipeline is also connected to the cooling oil outlet (31) of the laser cladding head (11); and the sixth pipeline is also connected to the cooling oil inlet (32) of the laser cladding head (11).

6. The laser cladding thin-walled parts anti-thermal deformation fixture and oil cooling integrated device according to claim 3, characterized in that: Also included are a temperature sensor and controller; The temperature sensor is used to detect the oil temperature signal at the first oil outlet (28) and the second oil outlet (9) and transmit it to the controller. The controller is connected to the temperature sensor and the motor respectively. The first oil pump (16) and the second oil pump (12) are connected to the shaft of the motor. The controller adjusts the motor speed according to the temperature signal.

7. The laser cladding thin-walled parts anti-thermal deformation fixture and oil cooling integrated device according to claim 6, characterized in that: Also included are two Y-type splitters (42); The inlet of the fourth pipeline is connected to the outlet of one of the Y-shaped flow dividers (42), the two inlets of the Y-shaped flow divider (42) are respectively connected to the second oil outlet (9) and the cooling oil outlet (31) of the laser cladding head (11), and the outlet of the fourth pipeline is connected to one end of the third vacuum heat conducting pipe (20); the inlet of the sixth pipeline is connected to the other end of the fourth vacuum heat conducting pipe (21), the outlet of the sixth pipeline is connected to the inlet of another Y-shaped flow divider (42), the two outlets of the Y-shaped flow divider (42) are respectively connected to the first oil inlet (10) and the cooling oil outlet (31) of the laser cladding head (11). The cooling oil inlet (32) of the cover head (11) is connected; one side of the heat dissipation integrated box (4) is provided with a first bridge interface (36) and a second bridge interface (37), and the other side is provided with a sixth bridge interface (33), a third bridge interface (34), a fourth bridge interface (35), and a fifth bridge interface (8); the sixth bridge interface (33) and the fourth bridge interface (35) are respectively connected to the two inlets of a Y-type splitter (42); the third bridge interface (34) and the fifth bridge interface (8) are respectively connected to the two outlets of another Y-type splitter (42).

8. A control method for the laser cladding thin-walled parts anti-thermal deformation fixture and oil cooling integrated device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The oil first enters the first oil cooling pipeline (29) through the first oil inlet (10), then flows out from the first oil outlet (28), enters the first oil inlet (38) of the first vacuum heat conducting pipe (18) of the water cooling box (15) through the first bridge interface (36) of the heat dissipation integrated box (4), and under the action of the first oil pump (16), flows out from the first oil outlet (40) of the second vacuum heat conducting pipe (19) of the water cooling box (15), and then flows out through the second bridge interface (36) of the heat dissipation integrated box (4). 7) The oil continues to flow, and enters the second oil cooling pipeline (30) through the second oil inlet (27) and flows out from the second oil outlet (9). The oil again enters the second oil inlet (39) of the third vacuum heat conducting pipe (20) through the third bridge interface (34), and under the push of the second oil pump (12), flows out from the oil outlet (41) of the fourth vacuum heat conducting pipe (21), and enters the first oil cooling pipeline (29) from the first oil inlet (10) through the fourth bridge interface (35), completing the entire cooling cycle.

9. The control method of the laser cladding thin-walled parts anti-thermal deformation fixture and oil cooling integrated device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The following steps are also included: The oil flows out of the oil outlet (41) of the fourth vacuum heat conducting pipe (21), enters the oil inlet (32) of the laser cladding head (11) through the fifth bridge interface (8), then flows out of the oil outlet (31) of the laser cladding head (11), enters the second oil inlet (39) of the third vacuum heat conducting pipe (20) through the sixth bridge interface (33), and flows out of the oil outlet (41) of the fourth vacuum heat conducting pipe (21) under the driving force of the second oil pump (12), enters the first oil cooling pipeline (29) through the first oil inlet (10) through the fourth bridge interface (35), and completes the entire cooling cycle.

10. The control method of the laser cladding thin-walled parts anti-thermal deformation fixture and oil cooling integrated device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The following steps are also included: The temperature sensor detects the oil temperature signal at the first oil outlet (28) and the second oil outlet (9) and transmits it to the controller. The controller adjusts the motor speed according to the temperature signal, thereby adjusting the flow rate of the cooling oil in the first oil pump (16) and the second oil pump (12).

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