Dynamic pitching plugging simulation device and simulation control method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a dynamic pitching plugging simulation device and a simulation control method thereof.The dynamic pitching plugging simulation device comprises a horizontal wellbore, a plurality of vertical wellbores and a plugging ball projection device, the vertical wellbores are all communicated with the horizontal wellbore, and the plugging ball projection device is communicated with the horizontal wellbore to throw plugging balls into the horizontal wellbore; the horizontal shaft comprises a plurality of shaft mechanisms communicated in sequence, each shaft mechanism comprises a first shaft and two second shafts located at the two ends of the first shaft and communicated with the first shaft, the vertical shaft is communicated with the first shaft, and the second shafts can slide relative to the first shaft to adjust the length of the horizontal channel. According to the dynamic pitching plugging simulation device, the migration and plugging conditions of a plugging ball after pitching can be conveniently detected, and meanwhile, the temporary plugging effects of different cluster intervals can be simulated and tested.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of petroleum exploration, and in particular to a dynamic ball-throwing plugging simulation device and a simulation control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] As a temporary plugging method commonly used in staged fracturing of horizontal wells, ball-dropping temporary plugging is usually used to achieve uniform initiation of multiple clusters of fractures.

[0003] However, it is currently difficult to predict the movement and blocking conditions of the blocking balls after they are thrown into the field during on-site construction, and there is no proprietary equipment for the temporary blocking process using balls in indoor experiments. Summary of the invention

[0004] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a dynamic pitching and blocking simulation device and a simulation control method thereof, so as to facilitate the detection of the movement and blocking conditions of the blocking ball after pitching.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a dynamic ball-throwing plugging simulation device, comprising a horizontal wellbore, a vertical wellbore and a plugging ball-throwing device, wherein:

[0006] There are multiple vertical wellbores and they are all connected to the horizontal wellbores. The sealing ball projection device is connected to the horizontal wellbores to drop sealing balls into them. The horizontal wellbores include multiple wellbores mechanisms that are connected in sequence, and the wellbores mechanisms include a first wellbores and two second wellbores located at both ends of the wellbores and connected to them. The vertical wellbores are connected to the first wellbores, and the second wellbores can slide relative to the first wellbores to adjust the length of the horizontal channel.

[0007] Preferably, the wellbore mechanism further comprises a support for supporting the first wellbore and the second wellbore, and a slider connecting the support and the first wellbore or the second wellbore, wherein a locking mechanism is installed on the slider to limit its sliding relative to the support.

[0008] Preferably, the shaft mechanism further comprises a limit gear installed inside the slider and a driving mechanism connected to the limit gear, and a rack meshing with the limit gear is provided on the support.

[0009] Preferably, the locking mechanism includes a limit plate fixed on the slider and having a plurality of limit grooves, a first pin insertable into the limit groove of the limit plate, and a second pin insertable into the limit gear to abut against it, and the first pin is rotatably connected to the second pin.

[0010] Preferably, a fixing seat is fixed on the second bayonet, and the bottom end of the first bayonet is mounted on the fixing seat through a latch and is hinged thereto.

[0011] Preferably, the vertical shaft comprises a ball head pipe connected to the first shaft and a first pipe communicating with the ball head pipe, and a first ball head and a first ball group are arranged between the ball head pipe and the first pipe.

[0012] Preferably, the first pipe and the ball-end pipe are both connected to the outer side wall of the first shaft via a vertical support device, and the height of the vertical support device is adjustable.

[0013] Preferably, the wellbore mechanism also includes an expansion mechanism located inside the channel of the first wellbore, which is inflatable. After the expansion mechanism is inflated, the inner diameter of its internal channel is equal to the inner diameter of the second wellbore; the expansion mechanism includes a retractable bracket and an airbag mounted on the outside of the retractable bracket, the airbag is accommodated inside the first wellbore, and an inflation nozzle is provided on the airbag.

[0014] Preferably, the sealing ball launching device includes a liquid pump connected to the horizontal wellbore, a first valve and a first pressure monitor located between the liquid pump and the horizontal wellbore inlet, an inlet pipe located between the first pressure monitor and the horizontal wellbore inlet, a second valve and a third valve are installed on the inlet pipe, and the ball launching device is located between the second valve and the third valve.

[0015] The present invention further proposes a simulation control method based on the above-mentioned dynamic ball pitching blocking simulation device, comprising the following steps:

[0016] After closing the second valve and the third valve, turning on the liquid pump, and mixing tracer particles into the fluid, the fluid flow rate reaches a preset value by adjusting the second valve and observing the first pressure monitor;

[0017] When the fluid fills the horizontal wellbore and the vertical wellbore, open and adjust the fine-tuning valve on each vertical wellbore, and monitor each flow meter so that the flow rate of each cluster of vertical wellbore reaches the preset value;

[0018] Open the third valve, so that the plugging balls are mixed in the fluid under the influence of gravity and fluid flow rate, and move to the inlet of each vertical wellbore;

[0019] By measuring the displacement of tracer particles in a short time interval, the transient velocity distribution of the flow field is indirectly measured.

[0020] The dynamic ball pitching blocking simulation device proposed by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. This dynamic ball-throwing plugging simulation device is convenient for detecting the movement and plugging status of the plugging ball after throwing, and can simulate and test the temporary plugging effect of different cluster spacings;

[0022] 2. It can simulate the temporary plugging effect of different perforation cluster angles;

[0023] 3. It can simulate and test the movement path and temporary plugging effect of the temporary plugging ball in the crack;

[0024] 4. It can simulate and test the flow field after the degradable temporary plugging ball is plugged and the flow field changes after degradation;

[0025] 5. This dynamic ball-throwing plugging simulation device has the advantages of simple structure, stable and reliable operation, and easy implementation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the dynamic ball throwing and blocking simulation device of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a wellbore mechanism from one perspective in the dynamic ball-throwing plugging simulation device of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the wellbore mechanism in the dynamic ball-throwing plugging simulation device of the present invention from another perspective;

[0029] Figure 4 It is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of a wellbore mechanism in a dynamic ball-throwing plugging simulation device of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the local details of the wellbore mechanism in the dynamic ball-throwing plugging simulation device of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the expansion mechanism in the dynamic ball throwing plugging simulation device of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of the retractable bracket in the dynamic ball pitching and blocking simulation device of the present invention.

[0033] In the figure, 1-horizontal wellbore, 2-vertical wellbore, 3-liquid pump, 4-first valve, 5-first pressure monitor, 6-second valve, 7-third valve, 8-fine-tuning valve, 9-flow meter, 10-second pressure monitor, 11-support, 12-first wellbore, 13-second wellbore, 14-vertical support device, 15-locking mechanism, 16-slider, 17-ball head pipeline, 18-first pipeline, 19-first ball head, 20-limiting gear, 21-first bayonet, 22-second bayonet, 23-limiting plate, 24-retractable bracket, 25-airbag.

[0034] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0036] It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms "transverse", "longitudinal", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate the orientation or position relationship based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second" and the like are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0037] The invention provides a dynamic ball pitching and blocking simulation device.

[0038] In this preferred embodiment, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 A dynamic ball-throwing plugging simulation device comprises a horizontal wellbore 1, a vertical wellbore 2 and a plugging ball-throwing device, wherein:

[0039] There are multiple vertical wellbores 2 and all of them are connected to the horizontal wellbores 1. The sealing ball launching device is connected to the horizontal wellbores 1 to drop sealing balls therein; the horizontal wellbores 1 include multiple wellbores mechanisms connected in sequence, and the wellbores mechanisms include a first wellbores 12 and two second wellbores 13 located at both ends thereof and connected thereto. The vertical wellbores 2 are connected to the first wellbores 12, and the second wellbores 13 can slide relative to the first wellbores 12 to adjust the length of the horizontal channel.

[0040] The blocking ball projection device includes a liquid pump 3 connected to the horizontal wellbore 1, a first valve 4 and a first pressure monitor 5 located between the liquid pump 3 and the inlet of the horizontal wellbore 1, an inlet pipe located between the first pressure monitor 5 and the inlet of the horizontal wellbore 1, a second valve 6 and a third valve 7 are installed on the inlet pipe, and the ball projection is located between the second valve 6 and the third valve 7. Both the horizontal wellbore 1 and the vertical wellbore 2 are made of transparent materials to facilitate observation of the operation of the blocking ball.

[0041] Each vertical wellbore 2 is equipped with a fine-tuning valve 8, a flow meter 9 and a second pressure monitor 10 at its outlet. Tracer particles can be mixed into the fluid, and the displacement of the tracer particles in a short time interval can be measured using PIV equipment to indirectly measure the transient velocity distribution of the flow field.

[0042] Further, refer to Figure 2 This embodiment proposes a specific structure of a wellbore mechanism: the wellbore mechanism also includes a support 11 for supporting the first wellbore 12 and the second wellbore 13, a slider 16 connecting the support 11 and the first wellbore 12 or the second wellbore 13, and a locking mechanism 15 is installed on the slider 16 to limit its sliding relative to the support 11.

[0043] Furthermore, the shaft mechanism further includes a limit gear 20 installed inside the slider 16 and a driving mechanism connected to the limit gear 20 , and a rack meshing with the limit gear 20 is provided on the support 11 .

[0044] Further, refer to Figure 5 The locking mechanism 15 includes a limit plate 23 fixed on the slider 16 and having a plurality of limit grooves, a first bayonet 21 that can be inserted into the limit grooves of the limit plate 23, and a second bayonet 22 that can be inserted into the limit gear 20 to abut against it, and the first bayonet 21 is rotatably connected with the second bayonet 22. The limit plate 23 is provided to limit the movement of the bayonet to ensure that the wellbore does not undergo axial displacement when subjected to a large pressure.

[0045] The second bayonet 22 includes two states: State 1: the second bayonet 22 is separated from the limiting gear 20, at which time the second shaft 13 can slide freely relative to the first shaft 12, and State 2: the second bayonet 22 is in contact with the limiting gear 20, the limiting gear 20 cannot rotate, and the second shaft 13 and the support 11 remain relatively stationary.

[0046] Specifically, in this embodiment, a fixing seat is fixed on the second bayonet 22, and the bottom end of the first bayonet 21 is installed on the fixing seat through a latch and is hinged thereto.

[0047] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 The vertical shaft 2 includes a ball-end pipe 17 connected to the first shaft 12 and a first pipe 18 connected thereto, and a first ball head 19 and a first ball group are arranged between the ball-end pipe 17 and the first pipe 18. The first outer side has a groove longer than the ball, so the first ball head 19 and the first ball group carried by the ball head can be deflected to the external pipe. A ball-end pipe 17 and a first pipe 18 form a group of unit pipe sections, and the vertical shaft 2 includes multiple unit pipe sections.

[0048] The vertical shaft 2 can adjust the first first pipe 18 to be 45 degrees with the second first pipe 18, and then adjust the third first pipe 18 to be 45 degrees with the second first pipe 18, so that the angle between the third first pipe 18 and the first first pipe 18 is 90 degrees. The vertical shaft 2 includes multiple first pipes 18, and the ends of the first pipes 18 are connected to the ball head pipes 17. In this way, the angles of the inlet and outlet of the vertical shaft 2 are adjusted by adjusting the angles between the multiple first pipes 18.

[0049] In this embodiment, the first pipe 18 and the ball-end pipe 17 are both connected to the outer side wall of the first shaft 12 through the vertical support device 14, and the height of the vertical support device 14 is adjustable.

[0050] Specifically, this embodiment proposes a specific structure of a vertical support device 14: the vertical support device 14 includes a first inner support rod and a first outer support rod (the first inner support rod and the first outer support rod can be provided in multiple groups to achieve the setting of multiple first pipes 18 and multiple ball head pipes 17), and the first inner support rod and the first outer support rod are both provided with waist-shaped holes, and bolts pass through the waist-shaped holes to fix the first inner support rod and the first outer support rod. The tail of the bolt is passed through the connecting rod of the first pipe 18 or the ball head pipe 17.

[0051] Further, refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 The wellbore mechanism also includes an expansion mechanism located inside the channel of the first wellbore 12. The expansion mechanism is inflatable. After the expansion mechanism is inflated, the inner diameter of its internal channel is equal to the inner diameter of the second wellbore 13.

[0052] Reference Figure 6 and Figure 7 The expansion mechanism includes a retractable support 24 and an air bag 25 sleeved on the outside of the retractable support 24, the air bag 25 is accommodated in the first shaft 12, and an inflation nozzle is provided on the air bag 25. The retractable support 24 adopts a common structure in the prior art, and the present invention will not repeat it.

[0053] The airbag 25 is a bag-like structure for storing gas. It is installed inside the first shaft 12 before the experiment. The air pump inflates the airbag 25 through the inflation nozzle to open the retractable support 24. The maximum diameter of the retractable support 24 is consistent with the diameter of the second shaft 13. After the experiment, the air in the airbag 25 is pumped out by the air pump to shrink the retractable support 24.

[0054] The working principle of the dynamic ball-throwing plugging simulation device is as follows: close the second valve 6 and the third valve 7, open the liquid pump 3, adjust the first valve 4 and observe the first pressure monitor to make the fluid flow rate reach a predetermined value, open and adjust each fine-tuning valve 8 when the fluid fills the wellbore, monitor each flow meter 9 to make the flow rate of each cluster reach a predetermined value, open the third valve 7, and make the plugging ball mixed in the fluid under the influence of gravity and fluid flow rate, and move to the inlet of each cluster.

[0055] The dynamic ball pitching blocking simulation device proposed by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0056] 1. This dynamic ball-throwing plugging simulation device is convenient for detecting the movement and plugging status of the plugging ball after throwing, and can simulate and test the temporary plugging effect of different cluster spacings;

[0057] 2. It can simulate the temporary plugging effect of different perforation cluster angles;

[0058] 3. It can simulate and test the movement path and temporary plugging effect of the temporary plugging ball in the crack;

[0059] 4. It can simulate and test the flow field after the degradable temporary plugging ball is plugged and the flow field changes after degradation;

[0060] 5. This dynamic ball-throwing plugging simulation device has the advantages of simple structure, stable and reliable operation, and easy implementation.

[0061] The present invention further proposes a simulation control method for a dynamic ball pitching and blocking simulation device.

[0062] In this preferred embodiment, a simulation control method based on the above-mentioned dynamic pitching blocking simulation device includes the following steps:

[0063] Step S10, closing the second valve and the third valve, turning on the liquid pump, mixing tracer particles into the fluid, adjusting the second valve and observing the first pressure monitor to make the fluid flow rate reach a preset value;

[0064] Step S20, when the fluid fills the horizontal wellbore and the vertical wellbore, open and adjust the fine-tuning valve on each vertical wellbore, monitor each flow meter so that the flow rate of each cluster of vertical wellbore reaches a predetermined value;

[0065] Step S30, opening the third valve, so that the blocking balls are mixed in the fluid under the influence of gravity and fluid flow rate, and move to the inlet of each vertical wellbore;

[0066] Step S40, indirectly measuring the transient velocity distribution of the flow field by measuring the displacement of the tracer particles in a short time interval.

[0067] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformations made using the contents of the present invention's specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dynamic ball pitching blocking simulation device, characterized in that: It includes a horizontal wellbore, a vertical wellbore and a sealing ball projection device, wherein: There are multiple vertical wellbores and they are all connected to the horizontal wellbores. The sealing ball projection device is connected to the horizontal wellbores to drop sealing balls into them. The horizontal wellbores include multiple wellbores mechanisms that are connected in sequence, and the wellbores mechanisms include a first wellbores and two second wellbores located at both ends of the wellbores and connected to them. The vertical wellbores are connected to the first wellbores, and the second wellbores can slide relative to the first wellbores to adjust the length of the horizontal channel.

2. The dynamic ball pitching and blocking simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wellbore mechanism also includes a support for supporting the first wellbore and the second wellbore, and a slider connecting the support and the first wellbore or the second wellbore. A locking mechanism is installed on the slider to limit its sliding relative to the support.

3. The dynamic ball pitching and blocking simulation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The shaft mechanism also includes a limit gear installed inside the slider and a driving mechanism connected to the limit gear. A rack meshing with the limit gear is provided on the support.

4. The dynamic ball pitching blocking simulation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The locking mechanism includes a limit plate fixed on the slider and having a plurality of limit grooves, a first bayonet that can be inserted into the limit groove of the limit plate, and a second bayonet that can be inserted into the limit gear to abut against it, and the first bayonet is rotatably connected to the second bayonet.

5. The dynamic ball pitching and blocking simulation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A fixing seat is fixed on the second bayonet, and the bottom end of the first bayonet is installed on the fixing seat through a latch and is hinged thereto.

6. The dynamic ball pitching blocking simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical shaft comprises a ball head pipe connected to the first shaft and a first pipe communicating with the ball head pipe, and a first ball head and a first ball group are arranged between the ball head pipe and the first pipe.

7. The dynamic ball pitching and blocking simulation device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first pipe and the ball-end pipe are both connected to the outer side wall of the first shaft through a vertical support device, and the height of the vertical support device is adjustable.

8. The dynamic ball pitching and blocking simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wellbore mechanism also includes an expansion mechanism located inside the channel of the first wellbore, which is inflatable. After the expansion mechanism is inflated, the inner diameter of its internal channel is equal to the inner diameter of the second wellbore; the expansion mechanism includes a retractable bracket and an airbag mounted on the outside of the retractable bracket, the airbag is accommodated inside the first wellbore, and an inflation nozzle is provided on the airbag.

9. The dynamic ball pitching blocking simulation device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The sealing ball launching device includes a liquid pump connected to the horizontal wellbore, a first valve and a first pressure monitor located between the liquid pump and the horizontal wellbore inlet, an inlet pipe located between the first pressure monitor and the horizontal wellbore inlet, a second valve and a third valve installed on the inlet pipe, and the launching ball is located between the second valve and the third valve.

10. A simulation control method based on the dynamic ball pitching blocking simulation device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: After closing the second valve and the third valve, turning on the liquid pump, and mixing tracer particles into the fluid, the fluid flow rate reaches a preset value by adjusting the second valve and observing the first pressure monitor; When the fluid fills the horizontal wellbore and the vertical wellbore, open and adjust the fine-tuning valve on each vertical wellbore, and monitor each flow meter so that the flow rate of each cluster of vertical wellbore reaches the preset value; Open the third valve, so that the plugging balls are mixed in the fluid under the influence of gravity and fluid flow rate, and move to the inlet of each vertical wellbore; By measuring the displacement of tracer particles in a short time interval, the transient velocity distribution of the flow field is indirectly measured.

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