Roadway supporting device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of coal mining, and provides a roadway supporting device. The roadway supporting device comprises a plurality of bearing components, a sealing component and a monitoring component. The bearing components are arranged on the side, close to goaf gangue, of the roadway at intervals and used for supporting the goaf gangue. The sealing component is arranged between the bearing components and goaf gangue and used for connecting the bearing components into a whole, and then a continuous supporting structure is formed. The monitoring component is arranged on the bearing component and used for monitoring the stress change of the bearing component. According to the roadway supporting device, the defects that in the prior art, a roadway supporting device is large in material consumption and difficult in mine auxiliary transportation are overcome, and the roadway supporting device greatly reduces the material consumption beside a roadway while guaranteeing the supporting effect is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of coal mining, and in particular to a tunnel supporting device. Background Art

[0002] Tunnel support devices refer to various supporting structures set up in underground projects such as mines and tunnels to prevent rock collapse on the tunnel walls and tops, ensure construction safety, and maintain long-term stability of the tunnel.

[0003] In order to improve the recovery rate of the working face, the technology of coal pillar-free mining along the goaf has been widely used. The types of tunnel support devices used in this technology include block walls, gangue bag stacking, concrete walls, high-water material walls, etc. Their common characteristics are that the side support is a continuous wall, which has the problems of large material consumption and difficulty in auxiliary transportation in mines. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a tunnel support device to solve the defects of the tunnel support device in the prior art, such as large material consumption and difficulty in auxiliary transportation in mines, and realizes a tunnel support device that greatly reduces the consumption of tunnel side materials while ensuring the supporting effect.

[0005] The present invention provides a tunnel support device, comprising: A plurality of bearing components are arranged at intervals on one side of the tunnel close to the goaf waste rock, and are used to support the goaf waste rock; A sealing component is provided between the bearing component and the goaf waste rock, and is used to connect a plurality of the bearing components into a whole, thereby forming a continuous supporting structure; A monitoring component is arranged on the bearing component and is used to monitor the stress change of the bearing component.

[0006] According to a tunnel support device provided by the present invention, the bearing component comprises: A rigid casing having a perfusion cavity inside and a reserved perfusion port on the top thereof connected to the perfusion cavity, wherein the reserved perfusion port is used to perfuse slurry into the perfusion cavity; The flexible inner sleeve is arranged on the inner wall of the perfusion cavity.

[0007] According to a tunnel supporting device provided by the present invention, the rigid casing is provided with reinforcing transverse ribs, and the reinforcing transverse ribs extend from the bottom end of the rigid casing to the top end of the rigid casing in a spiral form.

[0008] According to a tunnel supporting device provided by the present invention, the thickness of the reinforcing transverse rib is greater than the wall thickness of the rigid casing.

[0009] According to a tunnel supporting device provided by the present invention, a filler is provided inside the injection cavity, and the filler is used to increase the rigidity of the rigid casing.

[0010] According to a tunnel supporting device provided by the present invention, the outer wall of the rigid casing is provided with a galvanized layer.

[0011] According to a tunnel support device provided by the present invention, the sealing component comprises: A windshield curtain, one side of which is arranged close to the waste rock in the goaf; A connecting layer, one side of which is arranged close to the bearing component; The rock blocking net is arranged between the wind shield curtain and the connecting layer.

[0012] According to a tunnel supporting device provided by the present invention, at least a portion of the bearing component is embedded in the rock retaining net and the connecting layer.

[0013] According to a tunnel supporting device provided by the present invention, each of the bearing components is provided with at least two monitoring components, and the two monitoring components are respectively arranged at the upper part and the middle part of the bearing component.

[0014] According to a tunnel support device provided by the present invention, the monitoring component comprises: A strain collector, used to collect deformation data of the bearing component; A signal converter, connected to the strain collector signal, for converting the deformation data into a wireless signal; The wireless transmitter is signal-connected to the signal converter and is used to transmit the wireless signal to the monitoring station.

[0015] The tunnel support device provided by the present invention arranges a plurality of bearing components at intervals on one side of the tunnel, and these bearing components can directly bear the pressure from the gangue in the goaf and the load of the roof, and play the role of the wall skeleton. In addition, this interval arrangement reduces the total amount of materials required, while ensuring sufficient support force.

[0016] Furthermore, the present invention provides a sealing component between the bearing component and the goaf waste rock, which not only plays a sealing role to prevent the waste rock from invading the tunnel, but also connects the independent bearing components into a whole to form a continuous support structure. This continuous structure enhances the stability of the entire system without the need to add a large amount of additional materials to achieve the same effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a top view of the tunnel support device provided by the present invention under construction status.

[0019] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the bearing components of the tunnel support device provided by the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 It is a front view of the tunnel support device provided by the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0022] Reference numerals: 100: bearing component; 110: rigid sleeve; 120: flexible inner sleeve; 130: reserved injection port; 140: strengthening transverse rib; 200: sealing component; 210: wind screen; 220: gangue screen; 230: connecting layer; 300: monitoring component; 310: strain collector; 320: signal converter; 330: wireless transmitter; 340: monitoring station; 400: Gangue in goaf; 500: Alley. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0024] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limitations on the embodiments of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0025] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0026] In the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the first feature being "above" or "below" the second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "above" and "above" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "below", "below" and "below" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0027] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the embodiment of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0028] Combine the following Figure 1-Figure 4 The structure and working principle of the present invention are described.

[0029] Reference Figure 1 The present invention provides a tunnel support device including a bearing component 100, a sealing component 200 and a monitoring component 300. There are multiple bearing components 100, and multiple bearing components 100 are arranged at intervals on one side of the tunnel 500 close to the goaf waste rock 400, for supporting the goaf waste rock 400; the sealing component 200 is arranged between the bearing component 100 and the goaf waste rock 400, for connecting multiple bearing components 100 into a whole, thereby forming a continuous support structure; the monitoring component 300 is arranged on the bearing component 100, for monitoring the stress change of the bearing component 100.

[0030] In the above structure, a plurality of bearing components 100 are provided, and these components are arranged at intervals on one side of the tunnel 500, and are used to directly bear the pressure from the goaf waste rock 400 and the top plate load, and play the role of the wall skeleton. This spacing arrangement reduces the total amount of material required while ensuring sufficient support force. The sealing component 200 can be arranged between the bearing component 100 and the goaf waste rock 400, which not only plays a sealing role to prevent the waste rock from invading the tunnel, but also can connect each independent bearing component into a whole to form a continuous support structure. This continuous structure enhances the stability of the entire system without the need to add a large amount of additional material to achieve the same effect.

[0031] In addition, the monitoring component 300 is arranged on the bearing component 100, and can monitor the stress changes experienced by the bearing component in real time. Through such monitoring, any changes that may affect the support effect can be discovered at an early stage, making maintenance work more targeted and reducing unnecessary over-design and material waste. Since the monitoring data can directly guide maintenance decisions, it also indirectly promotes more efficient mine auxiliary transportation arrangements, because emergency repairs and traffic interruptions caused by support failure can be avoided.

[0032] In summary, the present invention reduces the material burden and improves the transportation conditions by rationally configuring the relationship between the various components, while ensuring the safety and reliability of the tunnel. The continuous support structure formed by the bearing component 100 and the sealing component 200, together with the real-time feedback mechanism provided by the monitoring component 300, together constitute an efficient, stable and easy-to-manage tunnel support system. This system not only solves the material waste problem existing in traditional support methods, but also improves the smoothness of the internal logistics operation of the mine.

[0033] Reference Figure 2 In some embodiments of the present invention, the bearing component 100 includes a rigid sleeve 110 and a flexible inner sleeve 120. The rigid sleeve 110 has a perfusion cavity inside and a reserved perfusion port 130 connected to the perfusion cavity at the top. The reserved perfusion port 130 is used to perfuse slurry into the perfusion cavity; and the flexible inner sleeve 120 is arranged on the inner wall of the perfusion cavity.

[0034] Specifically, the rigid sleeve 110 can be a thin-walled iron tube with a thickness of less than 2.0 mm and a yield strength of more than 180 MPa. The material of the flexible inner sleeve 120 can be a knitted acrylic fiber cloth with a longitudinal tensile strength of more than 50 kN / m and a transverse tensile strength of more than 40 kN / m. Its shape is cylindrical, and its diameter is adapted to the rigid sleeve 110 so that the flexible inner sleeve 120 can be set close to the inner wall of the rigid sleeve 110. The diameter of the injection port is not less than 300 mm.

[0035] The bearing component 100 of the present invention is composed of a rigid casing 110 and a flexible inner casing 120, and is intended to solve the problem of large material consumption and difficulty in auxiliary transportation in mines by optimizing the structural design. In the above structure, a pouring cavity is provided inside the rigid casing 110, and a reserved pouring port 130 is provided on the top, which is connected to the pouring cavity and is used to pour slurry into the interior thereof, thereby improving the rigidity of the rigid casing 110. The rigid casing 110 is in the form of a thin-walled iron tube with a thickness of less than 2.0 mm and a yield strength of greater than 180 Mpa, which ensures sufficient mechanical strength while reducing weight and material consumption.

[0036] The flexible inner sleeve 120 is arranged on the inner wall of the perfusion cavity, and its material is acrylic fiber knitted cloth, which has the characteristics of longitudinal tensile strength greater than 50kN / m and transverse tensile strength greater than 40kN / m. The flexible inner sleeve 120 is cylindrical in shape, and its diameter is adapted to the rigid sleeve 110, so that the flexible inner sleeve 120 can be arranged close to the inner wall of the rigid sleeve 110. This combination not only enhances the tightness of the combination of the two, but also prevents the leakage of slurry during the perfusion process. At the same time, the existence of the flexible inner sleeve 120 also provides additional support, which helps to disperse stress and improve the stability of the overall structure.

[0037] The present invention can significantly reduce the amount of materials used while ensuring structural strength by combining a rigid casing 110 and a flexible inner casing 120. The lightweight but high-strength rigid casing 110 reduces the reliance on heavy materials, while the flexible inner casing 120 uses its physical properties to supplement the stress concentration problem that may exist in rigid materials. This design reduces the weight of individual components and thus reduces the total weight of the present invention, thereby alleviating the pressure on auxiliary transportation in mines. In addition, the use of easy-to-install prefabricated components simplifies the construction process, further improves work efficiency and reduces costs.

[0038] In some possible embodiments, the material of the flexible inner sleeve 120 may consider using other materials with good mechanical properties, chemical stability and durability. For example, polyester fiber fabric can also provide high strength and good wear resistance, and is used as a flexible layer of the internal support structure of the rigid sleeve 110. Secondly, glass fiber reinforced plastic fabric not only has high tensile strength, but also is light weight and corrosion resistant, suitable for applications requiring higher strength. Furthermore, natural or synthetic rubber coated fabrics, such as composite materials such as neoprene coated nylon or polyurethane coated polyester, combined with the flexibility of textiles and the sealing properties of rubber, can effectively prevent liquid penetration while maintaining a good fit.

[0039] Reference Figure 2In some embodiments of the present invention, the rigid sleeve 110 is provided with reinforcing transverse ribs 140, and the reinforcing transverse ribs 140 extend in a spiral form from the bottom end of the rigid sleeve 110 to the top end of the rigid sleeve 110. Specifically, the spacing between each layer of the reinforcing transverse ribs 140 can be 100 mm, and the width of each layer is 3 mm.

[0040] In the above structure, the spiral structure of the reinforcing transverse rib 140 significantly improves the bearing capacity and anti-deformation performance of the rigid sleeve 110. This spiral arrangement not only increases the longitudinal and transverse support force of the rigid sleeve 110, but also effectively disperses the pressure acting on it, preventing deformation or damage caused by local stress concentration. The presence of the reinforcing transverse rib 140 enables the rigid sleeve 110 to maintain a stable shape when subjected to a large external force, thereby improving the reliability and safety of the present invention.

[0041] In addition, this structure can also reduce the amount of material used, because the spiral reinforcement ribs can provide stronger support effects with less material than the traditional straight rib structure. This not only reduces the weight of a single component, and then reduces the total weight of the invention, thereby alleviating the pressure of mine auxiliary transportation, but also simplifies the construction process, improves work efficiency and reduces costs.

[0042] In some possible embodiments, the reinforcing transverse rib 140 may be designed as follows: 1) In order to further optimize the function of the reinforcing transverse rib 140 and enhance its contribution to the rigid casing 110, a variable cross-section design can be introduced when designing the reinforcing transverse rib 140. Specifically, based on the force analysis, the reinforcing transverse rib 140 can adopt a thicker cross-section at the key position that bears greater stress, while maintaining a relatively thin design in other areas. This design can reduce the amount of material used while ensuring sufficient strength at key locations, thereby further reducing weight and costs.

[0043] 2) In order to improve the overall rigidity and cope with pressure and shear forces from different directions, a multi-layer spiral structure may be considered when designing the reinforcing transverse rib 140. That is, one or more layers of spiral structures may be added to the original single-layer spiral structure, and these additional layers may be arranged at a certain angle to the original spiral structure. The multi-layer spiral structure can better disperse stress and enhance the comprehensive mechanical properties of the rigid casing 110.

[0044] 3) In order to improve the working performance of the reinforcing cross rib 140 in harsh environments, when designing the reinforcing cross rib 140, special treatment or functional coating can be applied to its surface. For example, anti-corrosion, wear-resistant or self-lubricating coatings can be applied to extend its service life and improve durability. Such coatings can significantly reduce maintenance requirements and adapt to more complex geological conditions.

[0045] 4) In order to achieve more efficient stress distribution and better support effect, the optimization of the geometric shape of the reinforcing transverse rib 140 can be explored when designing the reinforcing transverse rib 140. Through computer-aided design and finite element analysis, the influence of different geometric parameters on the reinforcing effect is simulated to find the optimal combination of parameters such as spiral pitch, pitch and rib width. This can enable the reinforcing transverse rib 140 to provide better support performance while ensuring the structural strength.

[0046] In some embodiments of the present invention, the thickness of the reinforcing transverse rib 140 is greater than the wall thickness of the rigid sleeve 110. The thickness of the reinforcing transverse rib 140 may be 4 times the wall thickness of the rigid sleeve 110.

[0047] In the above structure, by making the thickness of the reinforcing transverse rib 140 greater than the wall thickness of the rigid casing 110, the strength of the key parts of the support structure can be greatly improved without significantly increasing the total weight. This not only helps to reduce the amount of material used, but also optimizes the structural performance, so that the support system remains stable in long-term use. At the same time, this design simplifies the installation and adjustment during the construction process, improves work efficiency and reduces costs.

[0048] Reference Figure 2 In some embodiments of the present invention, in order to further improve the rigidity of the rigid casing 110, a filler may be provided inside the injection cavity when designing the interior of the injection cavity, and the filler is used to enhance the overall structural strength of the rigid casing 110. Specifically, the filler may be a cementitious inorganic material such as concrete and paste material. This design solves the problems of large material consumption and difficulty in auxiliary transportation in mines in traditional support methods by increasing internal support and solidification structure.

[0049] In practical applications, a reserved infusion port 130 is provided at the top of the infusion cavity inside the rigid sleeve 110, and the reserved infusion port 130 is connected to the infusion cavity, through which fillers are infused into the interior of the infusion cavity. After infusion, these fillers can solidify quickly and tightly combine with the rigid sleeve 110 to form a more solid overall structure. This not only enhances the ability of the rigid sleeve 110 to resist external pressure, but also effectively prevents deformation or damage caused by external forces.

[0050] In some embodiments of the present invention, the outer wall of the rigid casing 110 is provided with a galvanized layer, which can be used to prevent rust.

[0051] To enhance this protective effect, a multi-layer coating system can be applied to the outer surface of the rigid casing 110 when it is designed. Specifically, in addition to the zinc coating, a primer can be first applied to seal the metal surface, followed by an intermediate coating and a topcoat, which can provide additional corrosion protection and resist the effects of ultraviolet rays, chemicals and other environmental factors.

[0052] Secondly, in order to provide a more durable anti-corrosion performance, epoxy resin can be used as a coating material when designing the rigid casing 110. This coating has excellent adhesion and corrosion resistance, and can maintain a good protective effect for a long time in harsh environments. The epoxy resin coating not only prevents moisture and oxygen from contacting the metal surface, but also resists the erosion of chemical substances such as acids and alkalis, further enhancing the corrosion resistance of the rigid casing 110.

[0053] Furthermore, in order to improve weather resistance and extend service life, hot-dip aluminum-zinc alloy coating may be considered when designing the rigid casing 110. The aluminum-zinc alloy coating not only has good anti-corrosion performance, but also has a certain self-repairing ability. When the surface is slightly damaged, the surrounding coating will migrate to the damaged area to form a new protective film, ensuring a continuous protective effect.

[0054] Reference Figure 2 In some embodiments of the present invention, the enclosed component 200 includes a windshield curtain 210, a gangue-blocking net 220 and a connecting layer 230. Among them, one side of the windshield curtain 210 is set close to the gangue 400 in the goaf; the windshield curtain 210 can be made of flexible canvas for mining, which mainly plays a temporary isolation role. One side of the connecting layer 230 is set close to the bearing component 100, specifically, it is set on the non-goaf side of the bearing component 100. The connecting layer 230 can be made of high-toughness foam material. By spraying the foaming material on the gangue-blocking net 220, the thickness is generally less than 300 mm, forming a foam flexible wall. The gangue-blocking net 220 is arranged between the windshield curtain 210 and the connecting layer 230.

[0055] In the above structure, the wind curtain 210 serves as the first line of defense. It utilizes the characteristics of the mining flexible canvas to effectively isolate the air exchange between the goaf and the tunnel, thereby ensuring the safety of the environment in the tunnel. The wind curtain 210 can not only prevent the influx of toxic and harmful gases, but also prevent the oxygen in the tunnel from entering the goaf, thereby avoiding the risk of spontaneous combustion of the abandoned coal and improving the overall safety.

[0056] The connection layer 230 is made of high-toughness foam material, and a foam flexible wall is formed directly on the rock retaining net 220 through a spraying process. This foam material has a foaming multiple of more than 20 times, which significantly reduces the amount of material used and improves construction efficiency. More importantly, the foam wall has high toughness. Even if the top plate sinks to a certain extent, the wall can be compressed synchronously without cracking, always maintaining good integrity, and ensuring a long-term stable sealing effect.

[0057] The gangue blocking net 220 is located between the wind curtain 210 and the connecting layer 230, and plays a key role as a physical barrier. It effectively blocks the gangue 400 in the goaf and prevents the gangue from flowing into the tunnel 500 through the gap of the bearing component 100, thereby enhancing the stability and reliability of the entire closed system.

[0058] Reference Figure 4 In some embodiments of the present invention, at least a portion of the bearing component 100 is embedded in the rock retaining mesh 220 and the connecting layer 230 .

[0059] The partially embedded design of the support component 100 not only makes the entire system more stable in terms of mechanics, but also significantly improves the sealing performance. The embedded connection method enhances the bonding force between the support component 100 and the rock retaining net 220 and the connecting layer 230, and reduces the risk of loosening or separation caused by external forces or geological changes. This not only improves the overall stability of the support system, but also ensures reliability and safety in long-term use.

[0060] In addition, since the bearing member 100 is partially embedded in the rock retaining net 220 and the connecting layer 230, this design optimizes the use of materials and reduces unnecessary material waste. The embedded design simplifies the installation process, improves work efficiency, and reduces transportation costs. At the same time, it also ensures that even if the top plate sinks to a certain extent, the wall can be compressed synchronously without cracking, maintaining a good sealing effect.

[0061] Reference Figure 2 In some embodiments of the present invention, each bearing member 100 is provided with at least two monitoring members 300, and the two monitoring members 300 are respectively arranged at the upper part and the middle part of the bearing member 100. The monitoring member 300 includes a strain collector 310, a signal converter 320 and a wireless transmitter 330. The strain collector 310 is used to collect deformation data of the bearing member 100; the signal converter 320 is connected to the strain collector 310 by signal, and is used to convert the deformation data into a wireless signal; the wireless transmitter 330 is connected to the signal converter 320 by signal, and is used to transmit the wireless signal to the monitoring station 340.

[0062] In the above structure, by setting at least two monitoring components 300 and placing them respectively at the upper part and the middle part of the bearing component 100, it is possible to achieve comprehensive monitoring of the deformation conditions at different positions of the bearing component 100. This arrangement ensures that even in the case of local stress changes or deformations, relevant information can be captured in a timely manner, thereby improving the integrity and accuracy of the monitoring data. The strain collector 310 can sense the slight deformation of the bearing component 100 in real time, providing a basis for subsequent data analysis.

[0063] The signal converter 320 establishes a signal connection with the strain collector 310, and is responsible for converting the collected deformation data into a wireless signal suitable for transmission. This process ensures the efficiency and stability of data transmission, and avoids the problems of complex wiring and inconvenient maintenance that may be caused by traditional wired transmission. The wireless transmitter 330 is connected to the signal converter 320 and sends the processed wireless signal to the monitoring station 340, realizing remote real-time monitoring.

[0064] This design not only improves the sensitivity and reliability of the monitoring system, but also simplifies the installation and maintenance process. Due to the use of wireless transmission technology, the need for on-site wiring is reduced, and the construction difficulty and cost are reduced. At the same time, through the synchronous monitoring of different parts of the bearing component 100, potential safety hazards can be discovered earlier, and measures can be taken in time to adjust or reinforce, thereby improving the safety and service life of the entire support system.

[0065] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel support device, characterized in that: include: A plurality of bearing components (100) are arranged at intervals on one side of the tunnel (500) close to the goaf waste rock (400) and are used to support the goaf waste rock (400); A sealing component (200) is disposed between the bearing component (100) and the goaf waste rock (400), and is used to connect a plurality of the bearing components (100) into a whole, thereby forming a continuous support structure; A monitoring component (300) is provided on the bearing component (100) and is used to monitor stress changes of the bearing component (100).

2. The tunnel support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bearing component (100) comprises: A rigid casing (110) having a perfusion cavity inside and a reserved perfusion port (130) at the top thereof connected to the perfusion cavity, wherein the reserved perfusion port (130) is used to perfuse slurry into the perfusion cavity; The flexible inner sleeve (120) is arranged on the inner wall of the perfusion cavity.

3. The tunnel support device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rigid sleeve (110) is provided with a reinforcing transverse rib (140), and the reinforcing transverse rib (140) extends in a spiral form from the bottom end of the rigid sleeve (110) to the top end of the rigid sleeve (110).

4. The tunnel support device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The thickness of the reinforcing transverse rib (140) is greater than the wall thickness of the rigid sleeve (110).

5. The tunnel support device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A filler is provided inside the perfusion cavity, and the filler is used to increase the rigidity of the rigid sleeve (110).

6. The tunnel support device according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: The outer wall of the rigid sleeve (110) is provided with a galvanized layer.

7. The tunnel support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing component (200) comprises: A windshield curtain (210), one side of which is arranged in close contact with the goaf waste rock (400); A connecting layer (230), one side of which is arranged in close contact with the bearing component (100); The rock blocking net (220) is arranged between the wind shield curtain (210) and the connecting layer (230).

8. The tunnel support device according to claim 7, characterized in that: At least part of the bearing component (100) is embedded in the rock retaining net (220) and the connecting layer (230).

9. The tunnel support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the bearing components (100) is provided with at least two monitoring components (300), and the two monitoring components (300) are respectively arranged at the upper part and the middle part of the bearing component (100).

10. The tunnel support device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The monitoring component (300) comprises: A strain collector (310) for collecting deformation data of the bearing component (100); A signal converter (320) is signal-connected to the strain collector (310) and is used to convert the deformation data into a wireless signal; The wireless transmitter (330) is signal-connected to the signal converter (320) and is used to transmit the wireless signal to the monitoring station (340).

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