Solid hydrogen storage tank and hydrogen storage system

Abstract

The invention discloses a solid hydrogen storage tank and a hydrogen storage system, and the solid hydrogen storage tank comprises a hydrogen storage tank body which is provided with a hydrogen feeding port and a hydrogen discharging port and is internally provided with a hydrogen storage alloy; the fixed base is provided with a placing groove, and the bottom of the hydrogen storage tank body is embedded into the placing groove; the cooling module at least comprises a cooling coil, and the cooling coil is arranged at the bottom of the containing groove; and the heating module at least comprises a heating pipe, and the heating pipe is coiled on the peripheral wall of the hydrogen storage tank body. The cooling module is arranged at the bottom of the hydrogen storage tank body, and the heating pipe is wound on the outer wall of the hydrogen storage tank body. The cooling module and the heating module can be used for controlling the hydrogen storage alloy in a corresponding temperature environment according to requirements, so that the effects of hydrogen absorption and hydrogen desorption are achieved. The heating module is used for heating, the cooling module is used for cooling, the temperature control process is faster, temperature control is more accurate, the temperature adjusting efficiency is improved, and then the hydrogenation and hydrogen desorption efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of solid-state hydrogen storage, and more specifically, to a solid-state hydrogen storage tank and a hydrogen storage system. Background Art

[0002] With the development of society, fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas can no longer meet the growing needs of mankind. At the same time, the use of fossil fuels has caused the deterioration of the ecological environment, such as the greenhouse effect. In addition, coal, oil, and natural gas are non-renewable resources, and their reserves on the earth are limited. Hydrogen energy, as a clean and efficient secondary energy source, is considered to be an ideal energy source to replace traditional fossil fuels. Hydrogen rail vehicles are new energy vehicles that use hydrogen as an energy source to react and output power. They are gradually being widely used. In the hydrogen energy system, the safe storage of hydrogen is the most critical link.

[0003] At present, the onboard hydrogen storage method of rail transit vehicles is mostly high-pressure hydrogen storage. Compared with high-pressure hydrogen storage, solid-state hydrogen storage reduces the hydrogenation pressure and storage pressure, making the onboard storage and hydrogenation process of hydrogen safer. At the same time, solid-state hydrogen storage has the advantage of high volumetric energy density, and is one of the important ways to store and supply hydrogen on board in the future. Applying solid-state hydrogen storage to hydrogen rail transit vehicles can increase the vehicle's hydrogen storage capacity, increase the cruising range, and improve the safety of hydrogen energy use.

[0004] When storing and releasing hydrogen, the solid-state hydrogen storage tank needs to heat the hydrogen filled in the tank body so that it can be stored in the hydrogen storage module, and cool the hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage module so that it can be released. However, the temperature control device of the existing solid-state hydrogen storage tank uses the same device to increase and decrease the temperature. When switching between hydrogenation and dehydrogenation, the temperature control efficiency is low because the temperature control device is used for temperature control, resulting in low efficiency of hydrogenation and dehydrogenation.

[0005] Therefore, how to improve the temperature control efficiency and then improve the efficiency of hydrogenation and dehydrogenation is an urgent problem to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a solid-state hydrogen storage tank to improve the temperature adjustment efficiency, thereby improving the efficiency of hydrogenation and dehydrogenation; Another object of the present invention is to provide a hydrogen storage system having the above-mentioned solid-state hydrogen storage tank.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A solid-state hydrogen storage tank, comprising: A hydrogen storage tank body, wherein the hydrogen storage tank body has a hydrogen filling port and a hydrogen discharge port, and a hydrogen storage alloy is arranged inside the hydrogen storage tank body; A fixed base, wherein the fixed base has a placement groove, and the bottom of the hydrogen storage tank body is embedded in the placement groove; A cooling module, comprising at least a cooling coil, wherein the cooling coil is arranged at the bottom of the placement tank; The heating module at least comprises a heating tube, and the heating tube is coiled on the outer peripheral wall of the hydrogen storage tank body.

[0008] Optionally, in the above-mentioned solid-state hydrogen storage tank, the fixed base is provided with an installation groove penetrating the fixed base at the bottom of the placement groove, and a protective grid plate is detachably provided at the bottom of the installation groove. The cooling coil is arranged in the installation groove and supported on the protective grid plate.

[0009] Optionally, in the above-mentioned solid-state hydrogen storage tank, the cooling module further includes: A cooling box, wherein the cooling box has a cooling liquid replenishing port, a cooling liquid outlet port and a cooling liquid return port, and the cooling liquid outlet port and the cooling liquid return port are respectively connected to two ends of the cooling coil; The coolant circulation device is arranged in the cooling box, and the inlet of the coolant circulation device is communicated with the cooling box, and the outlet is communicated with the coolant outlet.

[0010] Optionally, in the above-mentioned solid-state hydrogen storage tank, the heating module further comprises a thermal insulation layer, and the thermal insulation layer is coated on the outside of the heating tube; The heating tube is an electric heating tube and is electrically connected to an external power source.

[0011] Optionally, in the above-mentioned solid-state hydrogen storage tank, the hydrogen storage alloy is a titanium-iron hydrogen storage alloy material; and / or, A hydrogen storage alloy fixing plate is provided inside the hydrogen storage tank body, and the hydrogen storage alloy is fixed on the hydrogen storage alloy fixing plate; and / or, The material of the hydrogen storage tank body is carbon fiber material.

[0012] Optionally, in the above-mentioned solid-state hydrogen storage tank, the hydrogen filling port and the hydrogen discharge port are both provided with a control valve, and the control valve has a control member for controlling the opening and closing of the control valve.

[0013] The solid-state hydrogen storage tank provided by the present invention is provided with a cooling module at the bottom of the tank body of the hydrogen storage tank, and a heating tube is coiled on the outer wall of the tank body of the hydrogen storage tank. Since the hydrogen storage alloy can produce the effect of absorbing and releasing hydrogen under different temperature conditions, the cooling module and the heating module can be used to control the hydrogen storage alloy in a corresponding temperature environment according to demand, so as to achieve the effect of absorbing and releasing hydrogen. For example, when hydrogen is charged into the tank body of the hydrogen storage tank, the hydrogen storage alloy can be controlled within the hydrogenation temperature threshold range by the cooling module and the heating module, so that the hydrogen storage alloy completes the hydrogen absorption and storage effect; when hydrogen is used, the hydrogen storage alloy can be controlled within the hydrogenation temperature threshold range by the cooling module and the heating module, so that the hydrogen storage alloy completes the hydrogenation effect to complete the utilization of hydrogen. The present invention uses the heating module for heating and the cooling module for cooling, and can even use the heating module and the cooling module at the same time to control the temperature within the corresponding temperature range. The temperature control process is faster and more accurate, which improves the temperature adjustment efficiency, and then improves the efficiency of hydrogenation and dehydrogenation.

[0014] A hydrogen storage system comprises a solid-state hydrogen storage tank, wherein the solid-state hydrogen storage tank is the solid-state hydrogen storage tank as described in any one of the above items.

[0015] Optionally, in the above hydrogen storage system, it also includes: A pressure gauge, used to detect the pressure value inside the hydrogen storage tank; A gas cylinder valve module, the gas cylinder valve module comprising a first gas cylinder valve port, a second gas cylinder valve port and a third gas cylinder valve port, the first gas cylinder valve port being connected to the hydrogenation port, the second gas cylinder valve port being used to be connected to the hydrogenation pipeline, the third gas cylinder valve port being used to relieve pressure and exhaust gas, when the gas cylinder valve module is in a first state, the first gas cylinder valve port is connected to the second gas cylinder valve port and is cut off from the third gas cylinder valve port, when the gas cylinder valve module is in a second state, the first gas cylinder valve port is cut off from the second gas cylinder valve port and is connected to the third gas cylinder valve port; A pressure regulating module, when the hydrogen storage system is in the hydrogen charging mode, when the pressure value detected by the pressure gauge exceeds the preset pressure value, the pressure regulating module controls the gas cylinder valve module to switch to the second state, and when the pressure value detected by the pressure gauge is lower than the preset pressure value, the pressure regulating module controls the gas cylinder valve module to switch to the first state.

[0016] Optionally, the above-mentioned hydrogen storage system also includes an auxiliary exhaust pump, which is connected to the valve port of the third gas cylinder; or, it also includes an auxiliary exhaust pump and an auxiliary storage tank, the inlet of the auxiliary exhaust pump is connected to the valve port of the third gas cylinder, and the outlet is connected to the auxiliary storage tank.

[0017] Optionally, in the above hydrogen storage system, a temperature sensor is further included, and the temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of the hydrogen storage tank body; When the hydrogen storage tank is refueled with hydrogen, the heating module controls the heating power according to the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor to control the temperature value within the hydrogenation temperature threshold range; When the hydrogen storage tank body discharges hydrogen, the cooling module controls the flow rate of the cooling medium according to the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor to control the temperature value within the hydrogen discharge temperature threshold range.

[0018] The hydrogen storage system provided by the present invention has all the technical effects of the above-mentioned solid-state hydrogen storage tank, and will not be described in detail herein. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a solid-state hydrogen storage tank disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a fixed base disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hydrogen storage tank body disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of a hydrogen storage tank body disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a system diagram of a hydrogen storage system disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] The meanings of the reference numerals in the figures are as follows: 1- Hydrogen storage tank body; 101- Hydrogen filling port; 102- Hydrogen discharge port; 2-Fix the base; 3-placing slot; 301-installation slot; 302-protection grid plate; 4-cooling module; 401-cooling liquid replenishing port; 402-cooling liquid outlet; 403-cooling coil; 404-cooling liquid return port; 5- Heating module; 6- Heating tube; 7-Hydrogen storage alloy fixing plate; 8-Hydrogen storage alloy; 901-fastener; 902-control valve; 903-control part; 10- Pressure gauge; 11-voltage regulating module; 12-gas cylinder valve module; 13-gas cylinder valve module control switch; 14- Temperature sensor; 15- Energy management module; 16- Hydrogen fuel cell; 17- DC / DC module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The core of the present invention is to provide a solid-state hydrogen storage tank to improve the temperature adjustment efficiency, thereby improving the efficiency of hydrogenation and dehydrogenation; Another core of the present invention is to provide a hydrogen storage system having the above-mentioned solid-state hydrogen storage tank.

[0023] The following embodiments are described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In addition, the embodiments shown below do not limit the invention contents described in the claims. In addition, the entire contents of the structures represented by the following embodiments are not limited to those necessary as solutions to the inventions described in the claims. It should be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts related to the inventions are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0024] like Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, the solid-state hydrogen storage tank disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention includes a hydrogen storage tank body 1, a fixed base 2, a cooling module 4 and a heating module 5. Among them, the hydrogen storage tank body 1 has a hydrogen filling port 101 and a hydrogen discharge port 102, and a hydrogen storage alloy 8 is arranged inside the hydrogen storage tank body 1. The hydrogen storage alloy 8 can absorb and release hydrogen under certain conditions, has excellent cycle life performance, and can be used for large batteries, especially electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, high-power applications, etc.

[0025] The hydrogen storage tank body 1 has a hydrogenation port 101 for connecting to a pipeline of a hydrogenation station during hydrogenation, so that hydrogen can enter the hydrogen storage tank body 1 through the hydrogenation port 101 and be absorbed and stored by the hydrogen storage alloy 8 in the hydrogen storage tank body 1.

[0026] The hydrogen outlet 102 of the hydrogen storage tank body 1 is used to communicate with a hydrogen-using device, such as a hydrogen fuel cell 16 (such as Figure 5 As shown) is connected to release the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank body 1 through the hydrogen discharge port 102 and send it to the hydrogen-using equipment for utilization.

[0027] The fixed base 2 has a placement groove 3, and the bottom of the hydrogen storage tank body 1 is embedded in the placement groove 3. In this embodiment, the hydrogen storage tank body 1 is configured with a fixed base 2 to support the hydrogen storage tank body 1. The hydrogen storage tank body 1 is usually a cylindrical structure. In order to ensure a higher hydrogen storage volume, the hydrogen storage tank body 1 is usually designed to have a higher height, which will inevitably lead to poor stability of the hydrogen storage tank body 1. In this embodiment, the stability of the hydrogen storage tank body 1 can be improved by providing a fixed base 2 with a larger footprint and placing the hydrogen storage tank body 1 in the placement groove 3 of the fixed base 2. In addition, by providing the placement groove 3 on the fixed base 2, the hydrogen storage tank body 1 can be directly placed in the placement groove 3, which improves the quickness of disassembly and assembly of the hydrogen storage tank body 1.

[0028] The cooling module 4 at least includes a cooling coil 403, which is arranged at the bottom of the placement groove 3. After the bottom of the hydrogen storage tank body 1 is embedded in the placement groove 3, the cooling coil 403 can cool the bottom of the hydrogen storage tank body 1. The hydrogen filling port 101 can be arranged at the top of the hydrogen storage tank body 1, and the hydrogen discharge port 102 is arranged at a position close to the bottom of the hydrogen storage tank body 1. After the bottom of the hydrogen storage tank body 1 is embedded in the placement groove 3, the hydrogen discharge port 102 is located above the fixed base 2 and arranged close to the fixed base 2, so that the hydrogen discharge port 102 is close to the cooling coil 403. When the cooling module 4 cools the hydrogen storage tank body 1, the lower part of the hydrogen storage alloy 8 near the hydrogen discharge port 102 preferentially releases hydrogen.

[0029] The heating module 5 at least includes a heating tube 6, which is coiled on the outer peripheral wall of the hydrogen storage tank body 1 to achieve uniform heating of various height positions of the hydrogen storage tank body 1, ensure uniform heating of the hydrogen storage alloy 8, and achieve a better hydrogen absorption effect.

[0030] The solid-state hydrogen storage tank provided by the present invention is provided with a cooling module 4 at the bottom of the hydrogen storage tank body 1, and a heating tube 6 is coiled on the outer wall of the hydrogen storage tank body 1. Since the hydrogen storage alloy 8 can produce the effect of absorbing and releasing hydrogen under different temperature conditions, the cooling module 4 and the heating module 5 can be used to control the hydrogen storage alloy 8 in a corresponding temperature environment according to demand, so as to achieve the effect of absorbing and releasing hydrogen. For example, when hydrogen is charged into the hydrogen storage tank body 1, the hydrogen storage alloy 8 can be controlled within the hydrogenation temperature threshold range by the cooling module 4 and the heating module 5, so that the hydrogen storage alloy 8 completes the hydrogen absorption and storage effect; when hydrogen is used, the hydrogen storage alloy 8 can be controlled within the hydrogenation temperature threshold range by the cooling module 4 and the heating module 5, so that the hydrogen storage alloy 8 completes the hydrogenation effect to complete the utilization of hydrogen. The present invention uses the heating module 5 for heating and the cooling module 4 for cooling, and can even use the heating module 5 and the cooling module 4 at the same time to control the temperature within the corresponding temperature range, so that the temperature control process is faster and more accurate, and the temperature adjustment efficiency is improved, thereby improving the efficiency of hydrogenation and hydrogenation.

[0031] like Figure 2 As shown, in a specific embodiment of the present application, the fixed base 2 is provided with an installation groove 301 that passes through the fixed base 2 at the bottom of the placement groove 3, and a protective grid plate 302 is detachably provided at the bottom of the installation groove 301. The cooling coil 403 is arranged in the installation groove 301 and supported on the protective grid plate 302.

[0032] It should be noted that the placement groove 3 is used to support the hydrogen storage tank body 1, so the placement groove 3 has a bottom wall to achieve the supporting effect on the hydrogen storage tank body 1. The installation groove 301 is opened on the bottom wall of the placement groove 3 and passes through the bottom of the fixed base 2. In order to support the cooling coil 403, a protective grid plate 302 is embedded in the installation groove 301 to support the cooling coil 403 on the protective grid plate 302. The protective grid plate 302 is a hollow plate or frame to reduce the weight of the protective grid plate 302. The protective grid plate 302 is detachable, so that the cooling coil 403 can be more exposed by removing the protective grid plate 302, which is convenient for the inspection and maintenance of the cooling coil 403. Maintenance personnel can observe the cooling coil 403 through the upper side and the bottom side of the fixed base 2 (since the protective grid 302 is a hollow structure, the cooling coil 403 can be observed through the protective grid 302 from the bottom side of the fixed base 2 in turn) to check for leakage points of the cooling coil 403.

[0033] The cooling module 4 may also include a cooling box and a coolant circulation device. The cooling box is arranged on one side of the fixed base 2. It should be noted that the cooling box may also be arranged at other locations and is not limited to one side of the fixed base 2. The cooling box is used to store coolant. This embodiment does not limit the specific material of the coolant, and it can be selected according to the temperature at which the hydrogen storage alloy 8 needs to be cooled, and is not limited to water, refrigerant, etc.

[0034] The cooling box has a coolant replenishing port 401, a coolant outlet 402 and a coolant return port 404. The coolant outlet 402 and the coolant return port 404 are respectively connected to the two ends of the cooling coil 403. The coolant replenishing port 401 is used to replenish the coolant in the cooling box. When the coolant in the cooling box is low, it can be replenished through the coolant replenishing port 401. The coolant replenishing port 401 should be provided with a corresponding valve. After the replenishment is completed, the coolant replenishing port 401 is closed by the valve to ensure the purity of the coolant in the cooling box.

[0035] It should be noted that, instead of providing a separate cooling box, the vehicle's own water tank may be connected to the cooling coil 403 to achieve cooling of the hydrogen storage tank body 1 .

[0036] The coolant circulation device is arranged in the cooling box, and the inlet of the coolant circulation device is connected to the cooling box, and the outlet is connected to the coolant outlet 402. The coolant circulation device is used to realize the coolant in the cooling box and the cooling coil 403 to ensure a continuous cooling process. The coolant circulation device can be a water pump. Under the action of the water pump, the coolant is pumped into the cooling coil 403 to exchange heat with the hydrogen storage tank body 1 and then pumped into the cooling box to complete the cooling process in the cooling box, and then enters the hydrogen storage tank body 1 to complete the cycle.

[0037] It should be noted that the volume of the cooling box is significantly larger than the volume of the cooling coil 403, so even if the coolant heated in the cooling coil 403 enters the cooling box, it will not have a significant heating effect on the coolant in the cooling box. In addition, the outer wall and / or inner wall of the cooling box can be provided with corresponding heat dissipation fins to improve the heat exchange efficiency with the coolant, and the wind generated during the driving of the vehicle can be used to cool the cooling box, and then the cooling cycle process can be maintained to ensure continuous cooling of the hydrogen storage tank body 1.

[0038] In a specific embodiment of the present application, the heating module 5 may further include a thermal insulation layer, which is coated on the outside of the heating tube 6. In this embodiment, by wrapping the thermal insulation layer on the outside of the heating tube 6, the heat radiated to the outside by the heating tube 6 can be reduced, and the generated heat can be transferred more to the hydrogen storage tank body 1, thereby improving the heating efficiency and reducing energy consumption. The heating tube 6 can be an electric heating tube and is electrically connected to an external power supply. The electric heating method heats up faster, and electricity is easier to obtain on the vehicle, and no other medium is required, which can reduce the weight of the heating module 5.

[0039] In a specific embodiment of the present application, the hydrogen storage alloy 8 is a titanium-iron hydrogen storage alloy material, which has a large hydrogen absorption capacity, a hydrogen weight ratio of 1.8%, and rapid hydrogen absorption and release, thereby improving the hydrogen storage efficiency of the hydrogen storage tank body 1. It should be noted that other materials can also be selected as the hydrogen storage alloy 8, and are not limited to titanium-iron hydrogen storage alloy materials.

[0040] A hydrogen storage alloy fixing plate 7 may be provided inside the hydrogen storage tank body 1, and the hydrogen storage alloy 8 is fixed on the hydrogen storage alloy fixing plate 7. A plurality of hydrogen storage alloys 8 may be provided, and the plurality of hydrogen storage alloys 8 are fixed by the hydrogen storage alloy fixing plate 7 to ensure that the hydrogen storage alloy 8 is stably installed inside the hydrogen storage tank body 1.

[0041] The hydrogen storage tank body 1 can be made of carbon fiber material. The present invention uses a hydrogen storage tank body 1 made of carbon fiber material to effectively improve the load-bearing capacity and durability of the hydrogen storage tank body 1, increase the hydrogen storage capacity, and thus reduce transportation costs. The hydrogen storage tank body 1 made of carbon fiber material has an overall lightweight design, and the hydrogen storage capacity is improved, thereby improving the ability to supplement hydrogen energy for hydrogen rail vehicles and improving the vehicle's endurance.

[0042] In a specific embodiment of the present application, the hydrogen filling port 101 and the hydrogen discharge port 102 are both provided with a control valve 902, and the control valve 902 has a control member 903 for controlling the opening and closing of the control valve 902. The operator can control the corresponding control valve 902 to open and close through the corresponding control member 903. The control valve 902 can be fixed to the hydrogen filling port 101 and the hydrogen discharge port 102 through a fastener 901.

[0043] In order to facilitate the fixation of the control valve 902, fixing flanges are provided at the hydrogen filling port 101 and the hydrogen exhaust port 102, and the control valve 902 is also provided with a fixing flange. The fixing flanges of the control valve 902 and the hydrogen filling port 101, as well as the fixing flanges of the control valve 902 and the hydrogen exhaust port 102 are fixed by fasteners to facilitate sealing of the docking points.

[0044] The present application also discloses a hydrogen storage system, which includes a solid-state hydrogen storage tank, which is the solid-state hydrogen storage tank disclosed in the above embodiment. Since it has the above solid-state hydrogen storage tank, it has all the technical effects of the above solid-state hydrogen storage tank, which will not be described in detail herein.

[0045] like Figure 5 As shown, in a specific embodiment of the present application, the hydrogen storage system may further include a pressure gauge 10, a gas cylinder valve module 12 and a pressure regulating module 11. The pressure gauge 10 is used to detect the pressure value inside the hydrogen storage tank body 1.

[0046] The gas cylinder valve module 12 includes a first gas cylinder valve port, a second gas cylinder valve port and a third gas cylinder valve port, and the first gas cylinder valve port is connected to the hydrogenation port 101. If the hydrogenation port 101 is provided with a control valve 902, the first gas cylinder valve port is connected to the control valve 902. The second gas cylinder valve port is used to communicate with the hydrogenation pipeline, and the third gas cylinder valve port is used to release pressure and exhaust. The second gas cylinder valve port can be provided with a quick-connect interface to facilitate quick connection with the hydrogenation pipeline of the hydrogenation station.

[0047] When the gas cylinder valve module 12 is in the first state, the first gas cylinder valve port is connected to the second gas cylinder valve port and is cut off from the third gas cylinder valve port. When the gas cylinder valve module 12 is in the second state, the first gas cylinder valve port is cut off from the second gas cylinder valve port and is connected to the third gas cylinder valve port. That is, when the gas cylinder valve module 12 is in the first state, the first gas cylinder valve port is connected to the second gas cylinder valve port, and the third gas cylinder valve port is cut off from the first gas cylinder valve port and the second gas cylinder valve port, so that the hydrogen in the hydrogenation pipeline can enter the hydrogen storage tank body 1, and will not be discharged through the third gas cylinder valve port. When the gas cylinder valve module 12 is in the second state, the first gas cylinder valve port is connected to the third gas cylinder valve port, and the second gas cylinder valve port is cut off from the first gas cylinder valve port and the third gas cylinder valve port, so that the hydrogenation process is blocked, and the high-pressure hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank body 1 can be discharged through the third gas cylinder valve port to relieve pressure.

[0048] When the hydrogen storage system is in the hydrogen charging mode, when the pressure value detected by the pressure gauge 10 exceeds the preset pressure value, the pressure regulating module 11 controls the gas cylinder valve module 12 to switch to the second state, and when the pressure value detected by the pressure gauge 10 is lower than the preset pressure value, the pressure regulating module 11 controls the gas cylinder valve module 12 to switch to the first state. The preset pressure value should be set according to the pressure bearing capacity of the hydrogen storage tank body 1, and it can be set higher as long as it is ensured to be below the limit pressure that the hydrogen storage tank body 1 can withstand, so as to prevent the pressure of the hydrogen storage tank body 1 from rising to the limit pressure when hydrogen is charged.

[0049] The hydrogen filling mode means that the control valve 902 at the hydrogen filling port 101 is in an open state, and the hydrogen filling pipeline of the hydrogen filling station is connected to the first gas cylinder valve port of the gas cylinder valve module 12. The hydrogen filling mode can be manually switched by the operator, so that the gas cylinder valve module 12 is in an adjusted state affected by pressure changes. In the non-hydrogen filling mode, the gas cylinder valve module 12 can be adjusted without changing with pressure. The gas cylinder valve module 12 is mainly used in the hydrogenation process. Since the adsorption capacity of the hydrogen storage alloy 8 is greatly affected by temperature, there is a situation in which the pressure of the hydrogen storage tank body 1 gradually increases due to the adsorption rate being lower than the hydrogenation rate. In order to prevent the pressure from rising to a pressure range that affects the safe use of the hydrogen storage tank body 1, the gas cylinder valve module 12 can be used to discharge part of the internal hydrogen to achieve the purpose of pressure relief.

[0050] The gas cylinder valve module 12 usually includes a gas cylinder valve module control switch 13. For example, the gas cylinder valve module 12 is a solenoid valve. The first state and the second state of the gas cylinder valve module 12 are switched by powering on and off the gas cylinder valve module 12. For example, when powered on, the gas cylinder valve module 12 is in the first state, and when powered off, the gas cylinder valve module 12 is in the second state. Of course, it can also be set that when powered on, the gas cylinder valve module 12 is in the second state, and when powered off, the gas cylinder valve module 12 is in the first state.

[0051] The gas cylinder valve module control switch 13 can be arranged in the electrical circuit of the gas cylinder valve module 12, and the switching between power on and power off of the gas cylinder valve module 12 is realized by turning on and off the gas cylinder valve module control switch 13, and then the switching between the first state and the second state of the gas cylinder valve module 12 is realized. That is, in this embodiment, the pressure regulating module 11 can realize the switching of the state of the gas cylinder valve module 12 by controlling the turning on and off of the gas cylinder valve module control switch 13.

[0052] In a specific embodiment of the present application, the hydrogen storage system may further include an auxiliary exhaust pump, which is connected to the valve port of the third gas cylinder. In this embodiment, the speed of hydrogen exhaust and pressure relief is increased by the auxiliary exhaust pump. In addition, the hydrogen storage system may also include an auxiliary storage tank, the inlet of the auxiliary exhaust pump is connected to the valve port of the third gas cylinder, and the outlet is connected to the auxiliary storage tank. That is, the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank body 1 can be pressed into the auxiliary storage tank by the auxiliary exhaust pump, and stored in the auxiliary storage tank to prevent the hydrogen from being discharged into the atmosphere and the risk of explosion caused by contact with the atmosphere. Moreover, the hydrogen is temporarily stored in the auxiliary storage tank, and the hydrogen can also be utilized to improve the utilization rate of the hydrogen. The auxiliary storage tank can be an ordinary hydrogen storage tank, or it can be a solid hydrogen storage tank with a hydrogen storage alloy 8.

[0053] In a specific embodiment of the present application, a temperature sensor 14 is further included, and the temperature sensor 14 is used to detect the temperature of the hydrogen storage tank body 1. When the hydrogen storage tank body 1 is hydrogenated, the heating module 5 controls the heating power according to the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor 14, so as to control the temperature value within the hydrogenation temperature threshold range. The hydrogenation temperature threshold range can be set according to the optimal hydrogen absorption temperature range of the hydrogen storage alloy 8, so as to heat the hydrogen storage alloy 8 to the optimal hydrogen absorption temperature range during hydrogenation.

[0054] When the hydrogen storage tank 1 is discharging hydrogen, the cooling module 4 controls the flow rate of the cooling medium according to the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor 14, so as to control the temperature value within the hydrogen discharging temperature threshold range. The hydrogen discharging temperature threshold range can be set according to the hydrogen discharging optimal temperature range of the hydrogen storage alloy 8, so as to cool the hydrogen storage alloy 8 to the optimal hydrogen discharging temperature range when using hydrogen.

[0055] The hydrogen outlet 102 of the hydrogen storage tank body 1 can be connected to the hydrogen fuel cell 16. When hydrogen needs to be supplied to the hydrogen fuel cell 16, the control valve 902 at the hydrogen outlet 102 needs to be opened. The DC / DC module 17 is connected to the hydrogen fuel cell 16, and is used to boost the unstable DC voltage of the hydrogen fuel cell 16 to a stable voltage to power the vehicle traction and auxiliary systems. The energy management module 15 is connected to the DC / DC module 17, and is used to control the connection of the DC / DC module 17. It should be noted that the hydrogen fuel cell 16, the DC / DC module 17 and the energy management module 15 are application scenarios of the hydrogen storage system disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention, and their specific structures and functions may be the same as those in the prior art, which will not be repeated herein.

[0056] As shown in this application and claims, unless the context clearly indicates an exception, the words "a", "an", "a kind" and / or "the" do not refer to the singular, but also include the plural. Generally speaking, the terms "include" and "comprise" only indicate the inclusion of clearly identified steps and elements, and these steps and elements do not constitute an exclusive list. The method or device may also include other steps or elements. The elements defined by the sentence "includes a..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, commodity or device that includes the elements.

[0057] In the description of this application, unless otherwise clearly defined, terms such as setting, installing, connecting, etc. should be understood in a broad sense, and technicians in the relevant technical field can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in this application based on the specific content of the technical solution.

[0058] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0059] The principles and implementation methods of the present invention are described in this article using specific examples. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made to the present invention without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A solid hydrogen storage tank, characterized in that: include: A hydrogen storage tank body (1), the hydrogen storage tank body (1) having a hydrogen filling port (101) and a hydrogen discharge port (102), and a hydrogen storage alloy (8) is arranged inside the hydrogen storage tank body (1); A fixed base (2), the fixed base (2) having a placement groove (3), the bottom of the hydrogen storage tank body (1) being embedded in the placement groove (3); A cooling module (4) comprising at least a cooling coil (403), wherein the cooling coil (403) is arranged at the bottom of the placement tank (3); The heating module (5) comprises at least a heating tube (6), wherein the heating tube (6) is coiled on the outer peripheral wall of the hydrogen storage tank body (1).

2. The solid-state hydrogen storage tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed base (2) is provided with a mounting groove (301) penetrating the fixed base (2) at the bottom of the placement groove (3); a protective grid plate (302) is detachably provided at the bottom of the mounting groove (301); the cooling coil (403) is arranged in the mounting groove (301) and supported on the protective grid plate (302).

3. The solid-state hydrogen storage tank according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cooling module (4) further comprises: A cooling box, the cooling box having a cooling liquid replenishing port (401), a cooling liquid outlet port (402) and a cooling liquid return port (404), the cooling liquid outlet port (402) and the cooling liquid return port (404) being respectively connected to two ends of the cooling coil (403); A coolant circulation device is arranged in the cooling box, and the inlet of the coolant circulation device is connected to the cooling box, and the outlet is connected to the coolant outlet (402).

4. The solid-state hydrogen storage tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating module (5) further comprises a heat-insulating layer, wherein the heat-insulating layer is coated on the outer side of the heating tube (6); The heating tube (6) is an electric heating tube and is electrically connected to an external power source.

5. The solid-state hydrogen storage tank according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The hydrogen storage alloy (8) is a titanium-iron hydrogen storage alloy material; and / or, A hydrogen storage alloy fixing plate (7) is provided inside the hydrogen storage tank body (1), and the hydrogen storage alloy (8) is fixed on the hydrogen storage alloy fixing plate (7); and / or, The material of the hydrogen storage tank body (1) is carbon fiber material.

6. The solid-state hydrogen storage tank according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The hydrogenation port (101) and the hydrogen discharge port (102) are both provided with a control valve (902), and the control valve (902) has a control member (903) for controlling the opening and closing of the control valve (902).

7. A hydrogen storage system, characterized in that: It comprises a solid-state hydrogen storage tank, wherein the solid-state hydrogen storage tank is a solid-state hydrogen storage tank as described in any one of claims 1-6.

8. The hydrogen storage system according to claim 7, characterized in that: Also includes: A pressure gauge (10) for detecting the pressure value inside the hydrogen storage tank body (1); A gas cylinder valve module (12), the gas cylinder valve module (12) comprising a first gas cylinder valve port, a second gas cylinder valve port and a third gas cylinder valve port, the first gas cylinder valve port being in communication with the hydrogenation port (101), the second gas cylinder valve port being used to be in communication with a hydrogenation pipeline, the third gas cylinder valve port being used to release pressure and exhaust gas, when the gas cylinder valve module (12) is in a first state, the first gas cylinder valve port is in communication with the second gas cylinder valve port and is cut off from the third gas cylinder valve port, and when the gas cylinder valve module (12) is in a second state, the first gas cylinder valve port is cut off from the second gas cylinder valve port and is in communication with the third gas cylinder valve port; A pressure regulating module (11), when the hydrogen storage system is in a hydrogen charging mode, when the pressure value detected by the pressure gauge (10) exceeds a preset pressure value, the pressure regulating module (11) controls the gas cylinder valve module (12) to switch to the second state; when the pressure value detected by the pressure gauge (10) is lower than the preset pressure value, the pressure regulating module (11) controls the gas cylinder valve module (12) to switch to the first state.

9. The hydrogen storage system according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes an auxiliary exhaust pump, which is connected to the valve port of the third gas cylinder; or, it also includes an auxiliary exhaust pump and an auxiliary storage tank, the inlet of the auxiliary exhaust pump is connected to the valve port of the third gas cylinder, and the outlet is connected to the auxiliary storage tank.

10. The hydrogen storage system according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes a temperature sensor (14), wherein the temperature sensor (14) is used to detect the temperature of the hydrogen storage tank body (1); When the hydrogen storage tank body (1) is refueled with hydrogen, the heating module (5) controls the heating power according to the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor (14) so ​​as to control the temperature value within a hydrogenation temperature threshold range; When the hydrogen storage tank body (1) is discharging hydrogen, the cooling module (4) controls the flow rate of the cooling medium according to the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor (14) so ​​as to control the temperature value within a hydrogen discharging temperature threshold range.

Images