Arrangement method of hydrogen safety exhaust system in limited space

Abstract

The invention relates to a confined space hydrogen safety exhaust system arrangement method which comprises the following steps: S1, carrying out a hydrogen leakage diffusion test on hydrogen related equipment in a confined space to obtain hydrogen leakage diffusion characteristics; s2, establishing a three-dimensional data model of the hydrogen-related equipment in the confined space, and performing simulation analysis on hydrogen leakage diffusion of the hydrogen-related equipment in the confined space; s3, extracting characteristic values of the hydrogen leakage active and passive ventilation device; s4, on the basis of the simulation model constructed in the S2, in combination with the feature values extracted in the S3, fluid dynamic simulation of the exhaust system under different topological feature values and air volume feature values is carried out; s5, calling a Kriging algorithm to construct an agent model of the residual hydrogen concentration Q and the characteristic value in the limited space; and S6, optimizing the proxy model based on a particle swarm algorithm, and determining an optimal exhaust system arrangement method. Compared with the prior art, when a hydrogen leakage accident occurs, hydrogen in the box body can be rapidly and completely discharged, accident hazards are reduced or even eliminated, and safety improvement and large-scale application of a hydrogen utilization system are facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of hydrogen safety technology, and in particular to a method for arranging a hydrogen safety exhaust system in a confined space. Background Art

[0002] The operation of hydrogen-related equipment in confined spaces involves the production, storage and utilization of hydrogen, and abnormal operating conditions such as power failure of the electrolyzer power supply system, excessive or low voltage, large power fluctuations, hydrogen / oxygen leakage, etc. in the system may affect the safety and stability of the system. In particular, hydrogen leakage is the most dangerous accident in hydrogen-related systems, and all hydrogen-related systems must prevent and avoid it.

[0003] In confined spaces, hydrogen leaks and spreads quickly to form a flammable cloud, increasing the probability of explosions caused by electric sparks in electrical systems, making rapid safety protection difficult. The confined space hydrogen safety exhaust system can quickly exhaust the leaked hydrogen when a hydrogen leak occurs, ensuring the safe operation of the system. Existing exhaust systems are difficult to quickly and completely exhaust the hydrogen in the box.

[0004] Therefore, it is urgent to study a layout plan for hydrogen safety exhaust system. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects of the above-mentioned prior art and provide a method for arranging a hydrogen safety exhaust system in a confined space. In the event of a hydrogen leakage accident, the hydrogen in the box can be quickly and completely discharged, reducing or even eliminating the hazards of the accident, which is conducive to improving the safety and large-scale application of the hydrogen utilization system.

[0006] The present invention provides a method for arranging a hydrogen safety exhaust system in a confined space, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1: Conduct hydrogen leakage and diffusion tests on hydrogen-related equipment in confined spaces to obtain hydrogen leakage and diffusion characteristics;

[0008] S2: Establish a three-dimensional data model of confined space hydrogen-related equipment, and simulate and analyze the hydrogen leakage and diffusion of confined space hydrogen-related equipment. Combined with the experimental results in S1, verify the accuracy of the model. When the simulation accuracy is ≥80%, analyze the hydrogen leakage and diffusion law;

[0009] S3: Extract the characteristic values ​​of active and passive ventilation devices for hydrogen leakage; the active ventilation device for hydrogen leakage is an exhaust fan, and its characteristic values ​​include the area, position, and wind speed of the exhaust port, which are set as x, y, and z respectively; the passive ventilation device is a ventilation fence and a top wind ball, and its characteristic values ​​include the area, position, and ventilation rate of the ventilation fence, u, v, and w, and the area, position, and wind speed of the top wind ball, which are set as i, j, and k respectively;

[0010] S4: Based on the simulation model constructed in S2 and combined with the eigenvalues ​​extracted in S3, the fluid dynamics simulation of the exhaust system under different topological eigenvalues ​​and air volume eigenvalues ​​is performed to obtain the residual hydrogen concentration Q in the confined space after exhaust under different eigenvalues. i .

[0011] S5: Call the Kriging algorithm to construct a proxy model of the remaining hydrogen concentration Q and eigenvalues ​​in the confined space, Q = f(x, y, z, u,, w, i, j, k);

[0012] S6: Based on the particle swarm algorithm to optimize the agent model, determine the optimal exhaust system layout method and conduct experimental verification.

[0013] Furthermore, in S1, the hydrogen leakage and diffusion test of hydrogen-related equipment in confined space is conducted to obtain the hydrogen leakage and diffusion law, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0014] S11: Analyze the relevant standards, specifications and safety accident information of typical hydrogen-related systems and equipment, clarify the failure mode and failure logic chain of hydrogen-related systems, and obtain the specific location and name information of hazardous sources;

[0015] S12: Based on the location and name information of the hazardous source, set the hydrogen leakage point. When the leakage scale is a small leakage, densely arrange hydrogen concentration sensors around the leakage point to measure the gas concentration distribution in the near field, and evenly arrange hydrogen concentration sensors on the ceiling to record the hydrogen concentration distribution in the far field.

[0016] Furthermore, in S11, the identification of hazard sources of hydrogen-related equipment in confined spaces specifically includes the following steps:

[0017] In-depth analysis of the routine operating characteristics of confined space hydrogen-related equipment, research on the structural degradation and failure behavior of the core components of the system's hydrogen-related equipment and possible accident consequences; explanation of the accident risks and hazards of the entire process and all working conditions of the system, identification of the system's hazardous sources through fault type and impact analysis FMEA, and classification of risk levels.

[0018] Furthermore, in S1, the hydrogen leakage and diffusion test is aimed at studying the diffusion and aggregation process of hydrogen in a confined space after an accidental leakage of hydrogen-related equipment in the system, and specifically includes the following processes:

[0019] A gas path module is set at the possible leakage location. When the simulation system is a small leak, hydrogen concentration sensors are densely arranged around the leakage point to measure the gas concentration distribution in the near field, named A10~A15 respectively, and hydrogen concentration sensors are evenly arranged on the ceiling to record the hydrogen concentration distribution in the far field.

[0020] Furthermore, the distance between adjacent hydrogen concentration sensors is 70 cm and the distance from the top is 40 cm, which are named A1 to A9 respectively. When installing the hydrogen concentration sensors, it is necessary to ensure that the tops of all sensors are flush with the installation surface to minimize the influence of the sensors themselves on the flow field and concentration field and improve the measurement accuracy.

[0021] Further, in S2, the three-dimensional data model is a three-dimensional fluid dynamics model;

[0022] The simulation analysis of hydrogen leakage and diffusion of hydrogen-related equipment in confined spaces includes the following process:

[0023] A fluid dynamics model of hydrogen leakage and diffusion in confined space hydrogen-related equipment is established, and the identified hydrogen leakage point is set as the leakage source. The leakage scale includes small leakage, medium leakage and large leakage. Hydrogen leakage monitoring points are set according to the hydrogen concentration sensor layout method, and fluid dynamics simulation is carried out to obtain the hydrogen concentration characteristics of different monitoring points; combined with the test data of S1, when the accuracy of hydrogen concentration prediction is ≥80%, the established simulation model is valid, and the hydrogen leakage diffusion law is analyzed, and the simulation results of the spatiotemporal evolution law of hydrogen leakage diffusion and key influencing factors are obtained; if the hydrogen concentration prediction accuracy is less than 80%, the simulation analysis is repeated.

[0024] Furthermore, the small leakage is 1% of the flow area, the medium leakage is 10% of the flow area, and the large leakage is 100% of the flow area.

[0025] Furthermore, in S2, a three-dimensional data model of confined space hydrogen-related equipment is established, and the three-dimensional data model is a three-dimensional fluid dynamics model, and the hydrogen leakage and diffusion of the confined space hydrogen-related equipment is simulated and analyzed to obtain the hydrogen leakage and diffusion characteristics; based on the actual spatial layout of the system, a confined space geometric model of the confined space hydrogen-related equipment components and prefabricated cabin-type system is constructed through three-dimensional modeling software to prepare for subsequent fluid dynamics simulation; the geometric model includes: a hydrogen separation device, a fuel cell, a water electrolysis hydrogen production device, a metal hydrogen storage device, and a purification device.

[0026] Furthermore, in S5, the construction of the exhaust system combined proxy model specifically includes the following process: calling the Kriging algorithm to construct a proxy model of the remaining hydrogen concentration Q and the eigenvalue in the confined space, Q = f(x, y, z, u,, w, i, j, k).

[0027] Furthermore, in S6, based on the particle swarm algorithm optimization agent model, the specific process of determining the optimal exhaust system layout method is as follows: first, the population is initialized; the difference between the predicted value of Q and the actual value of the experiment is calculated through the layout position of the sensor, and the fitness of each particle is calculated to find the current individual extreme value of each particle and the current global optimal position of the entire particle swarm; then the position and speed of each particle are updated. When the difference between the two optimized value positions is less than 0.1m and the number of calculated stagnation times is less than 5, an iteration ends. When the set maximum number of iterations is reached, the optimization ends and the results are output, and then the optimization results are experimentally verified.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0029] The present invention arranges a safe hydrogen exhaust system for confined spaces, uses a fluid dynamics simulation method, and combines the characteristic values ​​of active and passive ventilation devices for hydrogen leakage to construct a three-dimensional fluid dynamics numerical simulation technology for hydrogen leakage and diffusion under multi-obstacle conditions in confined spaces, reveals the multi-scenario, full-process, and multi-condition hydrogen leakage diffusion characteristics and spatiotemporal evolution laws, and establishes a combined proxy model of the exhaust system based on the analysis results combined with the Kriging algorithm; then, the proxy model is optimized using the particle swarm algorithm, and the layout of the hydrogen concentration sensor is determined to achieve rapid exhaust when hydrogen leaks in confined spaces, which is conducive to further improving the safety of hydrogen-related equipment in confined spaces and large-scale application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the method for arranging a hydrogen safety exhaust system for a confined space of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a risk level diagram of hazardous sources of hydrogen-related equipment in confined spaces of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a structural importance diagram of the confined space hydrogen-related equipment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 A three-dimensional model diagram of the confined space hydrogen-related equipment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement position of the hydrogen sensor in the experiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 This is a simulation model diagram of hydrogen leakage diffusion flow dynamics of hydrogen-related equipment in confined space of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 7 This is a diagram showing the temporal and spatial evolution of hydrogen after a medium-sized leak occurs in the hydrogen separation device of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 8 A roadmap for the combined agent model of the ventilation system optimization of the present invention;

[0038] Fig. 9 This is a layout diagram of the exhaust system optimized for the present invention.

[0039] Figure numerals: 1-hydrogen separation device, 2-fuel cell, 3-purification device, 4-metal hydrogen storage device, 5-water electrolysis hydrogen production device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Component models, material names, connection structures, control methods, algorithms and other features not clearly described in this technical solution are all considered to be common technical features disclosed in the prior art.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] This embodiment provides a method for arranging a hydrogen safety exhaust system in a confined space, such as Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0043] S1: Conduct hydrogen leakage and diffusion tests on hydrogen-related equipment in confined spaces to obtain hydrogen leakage and diffusion characteristics;

[0044] S2: Establish a three-dimensional data model of confined space hydrogen-related equipment, and simulate and analyze the hydrogen leakage and diffusion of confined space hydrogen-related equipment. Combined with the experimental results in S1, verify the accuracy of the model. When the simulation accuracy is ≥80%, analyze the hydrogen leakage and diffusion law;

[0045] S3: Extract the characteristic values ​​of active and passive ventilation devices for hydrogen leakage; the active ventilation device for hydrogen leakage is an exhaust fan, and its characteristic values ​​include the area, position, and wind speed of the exhaust port, which are set as x, y, and z respectively; the passive ventilation device is a ventilation fence and a top wind ball, and its characteristic values ​​include the area, position, and ventilation rate of the ventilation fence, u, v, and w, and the area, position, and wind speed of the top wind ball, which are set as i, j, and k respectively;

[0046] S4: Based on the simulation model constructed in S2 and combined with the eigenvalues ​​extracted in S3, the fluid dynamics simulation of the exhaust system under different topological eigenvalues ​​and air volume eigenvalues ​​is performed, such as Figure 6 As shown in the figure, the residual hydrogen concentration Q in the confined space after exhaust under different characteristic values ​​is obtained. i ; Analyze the leakage and diffusion characteristics of hydrogen under different exhaust devices, obtain the temporal and spatial evolution law of hydrogen leakage and diffusion and the key influencing factors, and obtain the hydrogen concentration Q in the confined space after exhaust. After 15s of medium-sized leakage in the hydrogen separation device, exhaust begins, and most of the hydrogen is discharged from the box through the exhaust fan. After 15s, there is still a small amount of hydrogen remaining in the box. The hydrogen concentration in the box is Q1, such as Figure 7 shown.

[0047] S5: Call the Kriging algorithm to construct a proxy model of the remaining hydrogen concentration Q and eigenvalues ​​in the confined space, Q = f(x, y, z, u,, w, i, j, k);

[0048] S6: Based on the particle swarm algorithm to optimize the agent model, determine the optimal exhaust system layout method and conduct experimental verification.

[0049] Furthermore, in S1, the hydrogen leakage and diffusion test of hydrogen-related equipment in confined space is conducted to obtain the hydrogen leakage and diffusion law, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0050] S11: Analyze the relevant standards, specifications and safety accident information of typical hydrogen-related systems and equipment, and clarify the failure modes and failure logic chains of hydrogen-related systems, such as Figure 2 As shown, obtain the specific location and name information of the hazard source;

[0051] S12: Based on the location and name information of the hazardous source, set the hydrogen leakage point. When the leakage scale is a small leakage, densely arrange hydrogen concentration sensors around the leakage point to measure the gas concentration distribution in the near field, and evenly arrange hydrogen concentration sensors on the ceiling to record the hydrogen concentration distribution in the far field.

[0052] Furthermore, in S11, the identification of hazard sources of hydrogen-related equipment in confined spaces specifically includes the following steps:

[0053] In-depth analysis of the conventional operating characteristics of hydrogen-related equipment in confined spaces, research on the structural degradation and failure behavior of the core components of hydrogen-related equipment and possible accident consequences; explain the accident risks and hazards of the entire process and working conditions of the system, identify the system's hazardous sources through fault type and impact analysis FMEA, and divide the risk levels. Figure 3 shown.

[0054] Furthermore, in S1, the hydrogen leakage and diffusion test is aimed at studying the diffusion and aggregation process of hydrogen in a confined space after an accidental leakage of hydrogen-related equipment in the system, and specifically includes the following processes:

[0055] A gas path module is set at the possible leakage location. When the simulation system is a small leakage, hydrogen concentration sensors are densely arranged around the leakage point to measure the gas concentration distribution in the near field. They are named A10~A15 respectively, such as Figure 6 As shown, hydrogen concentration sensors are evenly arranged on the ceiling to record the hydrogen concentration distribution in the far field.

[0056] Furthermore, the distance between adjacent hydrogen concentration sensors is 70 cm, and the distance from the top is 40 cm, and they are named A1 to A9, respectively. Figure 5When installing the hydrogen concentration sensor, try to ensure that the top of all sensors is flush with the installation surface to minimize the impact of the sensor itself on the flow field and concentration field and improve the measurement accuracy.

[0057] Further, in S2, the three-dimensional data model is a three-dimensional fluid dynamics model;

[0058] The simulation analysis of hydrogen leakage and diffusion of hydrogen-related equipment in confined spaces includes the following process:

[0059] A fluid dynamics model of hydrogen leakage and diffusion in confined space hydrogen-related equipment is established, and the identified hydrogen leakage point is set as the leakage source. The leakage scale includes small leakage, medium leakage and large leakage. Hydrogen leakage monitoring points are set according to the hydrogen concentration sensor layout method, and fluid dynamics simulation is carried out to obtain the hydrogen concentration characteristics of different monitoring points; combined with the test data of S1, when the accuracy of hydrogen concentration prediction is ≥80%, the established simulation model is valid, and the hydrogen leakage diffusion law is analyzed, and the simulation results of the spatiotemporal evolution law of hydrogen leakage diffusion and key influencing factors are obtained; if the hydrogen concentration prediction accuracy is less than 80%, the simulation analysis is repeated.

[0060] Furthermore, the small leakage is 1% of the flow area, the medium leakage is 10% of the flow area, and the large leakage is 100% of the flow area.

[0061] Furthermore, in S2, a three-dimensional data model of confined space hydrogen-related equipment is established, wherein the three-dimensional data model is a three-dimensional fluid dynamics model, and a simulation analysis is performed on hydrogen leakage and diffusion of confined space hydrogen-related equipment to obtain hydrogen leakage and diffusion characteristics; based on the actual spatial layout of the system, a confined space geometric model of the confined space hydrogen-related equipment components and the prefabricated cabin type system is constructed through three-dimensional modeling software, such as Figure 4 As shown, it is prepared for the subsequent fluid dynamics simulation; the geometric model includes: a hydrogen separation device 1, a fuel cell 2, a water electrolysis hydrogen production device 5, a metal hydrogen storage device 4, and a purification device 3.

[0062] Furthermore, in S5, the construction of the exhaust system combined proxy model specifically includes the following process: calling the Kriging algorithm to construct a proxy model of the remaining hydrogen concentration Q and the eigenvalue in the confined space, Q = f(x, y, z, u,, w, i, j, k).

[0063] Furthermore, in S6, if Figure 8As shown in the figure, based on the particle swarm algorithm optimization agent model, the specific process of determining the optimal exhaust system layout method is as follows: first, the population is initialized; the difference between the predicted value of Q and the actual value of the test is calculated through the layout position of the sensor, and the fitness of each particle is calculated to find the current individual extreme value of each particle and the current global optimal position of the entire particle swarm; then the position and speed of each particle are updated. When the difference between the two optimized value positions is less than 0.1m and the number of calculation stagnation is less than 5, an iteration ends. When the maximum number of iterations set is reached, the optimization ends and the results are output, and then the optimization results are verified experimentally. Fig. 9 The figure shows the optimized exhaust system layout diagram.

[0064] Components not described in detail in this embodiment are all existing components that can be purchased through public channels.

[0065] The above description of the embodiments is to facilitate the understanding and use of the invention by those skilled in the art. It is obvious that those skilled in the art can easily make various modifications to these embodiments and apply the general principles described herein to other embodiments without creative work. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the disclosure of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention should be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for arranging a hydrogen safety exhaust system in a confined space, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Conduct hydrogen leakage and diffusion tests on hydrogen-related equipment in confined spaces to obtain hydrogen leakage and diffusion characteristics; S2: Establish a three-dimensional data model of confined space hydrogen-related equipment, and simulate and analyze the hydrogen leakage and diffusion of confined space hydrogen-related equipment. Combined with the experimental results in S1, verify the accuracy of the model. When the simulation accuracy is ≥80%, analyze the hydrogen leakage and diffusion law; S3: Extract the characteristic values ​​of active and passive ventilation devices for hydrogen leakage; the active ventilation device for hydrogen leakage is an exhaust fan, and its characteristic values ​​include the area, position, and wind speed of the exhaust port, which are set as x, y, and z respectively; the passive ventilation device is a ventilation fence and a top wind ball, and its characteristic values ​​include the area, position, and ventilation rate of the ventilation fence, u, v, and w, and the area, position, and wind speed of the top wind ball, which are set as i, j, and k respectively; S4: Based on the simulation model constructed in S2 and combined with the eigenvalues ​​extracted in S3, the fluid dynamics simulation of the exhaust system under different topological eigenvalues ​​and air volume eigenvalues ​​is performed to obtain the residual hydrogen concentration Q in the confined space after exhaust under different eigenvalues. i ; S5: Call the Kriging algorithm to construct a proxy model of the remaining hydrogen concentration Q and eigenvalues ​​in the confined space, Q = f(x, y, z, u, v, w, i, j, k); S6: Based on the particle swarm algorithm to optimize the agent model, determine the optimal exhaust system layout method and conduct experimental verification.

2. A method for arranging a hydrogen safety exhaust system in a confined space according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, the hydrogen leakage and diffusion test of hydrogen-related equipment in confined space is conducted to obtain the hydrogen leakage and diffusion law, which specifically includes the following steps: S11: Analyze the relevant standards, specifications and safety accident information of typical hydrogen-related systems and equipment, clarify the failure mode and failure logic chain of hydrogen-related systems, and obtain the specific location and name information of hazardous sources; S12: Based on the location and name information of the hazardous source, set the hydrogen leakage point. When the leakage scale is a small leakage, densely arrange hydrogen concentration sensors around the leakage point to measure the gas concentration distribution in the near field, and evenly arrange hydrogen concentration sensors on the ceiling to record the hydrogen concentration distribution in the far field.

3. A method for arranging a hydrogen safety exhaust system in a confined space according to claim 2, characterized in that: In S11, the identification of hazardous sources of hydrogen-related equipment in confined spaces specifically includes the following steps: In-depth analysis of the routine operating characteristics of confined space hydrogen-related equipment, research on the structural degradation and failure behavior of the core components of the system's hydrogen-related equipment and possible accident consequences; explanation of the accident risks and hazards of the entire process and all working conditions of the system, identification of the system's hazardous sources through fault type and impact analysis FMEA, and classification of risk levels.

4. The method for arranging a hydrogen safety exhaust system in a confined space according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, the hydrogen leakage and diffusion test aims to study the diffusion and aggregation process of hydrogen in a confined space after an accidental leakage of hydrogen-related equipment in the system, and specifically includes the following processes: A gas path module is set at the possible leakage location. When the simulation system is a small leak, hydrogen concentration sensors are densely arranged around the leakage point to measure the gas concentration distribution in the near field, named A10~A15 respectively, and hydrogen concentration sensors are evenly arranged on the ceiling to record the hydrogen concentration distribution in the far field.

5. A method for arranging a hydrogen safety exhaust system in a confined space according to claim 4, characterized in that: The distance between adjacent hydrogen concentration sensors is 70 cm and the distance from the top is 40 cm. They are named A1 to A9 respectively. When installing the hydrogen concentration sensors, the tops of all sensors are flush with the installation surface to reduce the influence of the sensors themselves on the flow field and concentration field and improve the measurement accuracy.

6. The method for arranging a hydrogen safety exhaust system in a confined space according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S2, the three-dimensional data model is a three-dimensional fluid dynamics model; The simulation analysis of hydrogen leakage and diffusion of hydrogen-related equipment in confined spaces includes the following process: A fluid dynamics model of hydrogen leakage and diffusion in confined space hydrogen-related equipment is established, and the identified hydrogen leakage point is set as the leakage source. The leakage scale includes small leakage, medium leakage and large leakage. Hydrogen leakage monitoring points are set according to the hydrogen concentration sensor layout method, and fluid dynamics simulation is carried out to obtain the hydrogen concentration characteristics of different monitoring points; combined with the test data of S1, when the accuracy of hydrogen concentration prediction is ≥80%, the established simulation model is valid, and the hydrogen leakage diffusion law is analyzed, and the simulation results of the spatiotemporal evolution law of hydrogen leakage diffusion and key influencing factors are obtained; if the hydrogen concentration prediction accuracy is less than 80%, the simulation analysis is repeated.

7. A method for arranging a hydrogen safety exhaust system in a confined space according to claim 6, characterized in that: The small leakage is 1% of the flow area, the medium leakage is 10% of the flow area, and the large leakage is 100% of the flow area.

8. The method for arranging a hydrogen safety exhaust system in a confined space according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S2, a three-dimensional data model of confined space hydrogen-related equipment is established, and the three-dimensional data model is a three-dimensional fluid dynamics model, and the hydrogen leakage and diffusion of the confined space hydrogen-related equipment is simulated and analyzed to obtain the hydrogen leakage and diffusion characteristics; based on the actual spatial layout of the system, a confined space geometric model of the confined space hydrogen-related equipment components and a prefabricated cabin type system is constructed through three-dimensional modeling software to prepare for the subsequent fluid dynamics simulation; the geometric model includes: a hydrogen separation device (1), a fuel cell (2), a water electrolysis hydrogen production device (5), a metal hydrogen storage device (4), and a purification device (3).

9. The method for arranging a hydrogen safety exhaust system in a confined space according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S5, the construction of the exhaust system combined proxy model specifically includes the following process: calling the Kriging algorithm to construct a proxy model of the remaining hydrogen concentration Q and the eigenvalue in the confined space, Q = f(x, y, z, u, v, w, i, j, k).

10. The method for arranging a hydrogen safety exhaust system in a confined space according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S6, the specific process of determining the optimal exhaust system layout method based on the particle swarm algorithm optimization agent model is as follows: first, the population is initialized; the difference between the predicted value of Q and the actual value of the experiment is calculated through the layout position of the sensor, and the fitness of each particle is calculated to find the current individual extreme value of each particle and the current global optimal position of the entire particle swarm; Then the position and velocity of each particle are updated. When the position difference between the two optimized values ​​is less than 0.1m and the number of calculation stagnation is less than 5, an iteration ends. When the set maximum number of iterations is reached, the optimization ends and the results are output. The optimization results are then verified experimentally.

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