A droplet generator

Abstract

The application provides a liquid drop generator, belonging to the field of energy collection, comprising a fixed support, a bulk effect power generation structure and an electromagnetic induction power generation structure. The bulk effect power generation structure is rotatably connected to the two sides of the fixed support through a rotating shaft, comprising a plurality of blades arranged circumferentially around the rotating shaft, a shared electrode arranged on the outer side of each blade, two dielectric layers and a top electrode; further comprising two magnets with opposite magnetic properties; the two magnets are arranged on the two sides of the bulk effect power generation structure along the axial direction of the rotating shaft and form the electromagnetic induction power generation structure with the shared electrode; when the liquid drop falls on the dielectric layer, the liquid drop spreads and contacts the top electrode to form electrostatic induction under the driving of the gravitational potential energy, and the driving electrons flow in the loop of the top electrode and the shared electrode to form an electric current; at the same time, when the liquid drop falls on the dielectric layer, the potential energy of the liquid drop is converted into the kinetic energy of the blades, and the change of the magnetic flux through the shared electrode forms an electric current. The application can improve the energy collection effect.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of energy collection, and particularly relates to a liquid drop generator. BACKGROUND

[0002] With further exploration of nanoparticles in modern industry, it is found that friction nanotechnology can be used to collect various small energy and realize energy conversion. In recent years, due to in-depth research on nanotechnology, nanomaterials with various characteristics are discovered and combined with friction nanogenerator (TENG) to realize efficient energy conversion. At present, the application of TENG has covered the research fields of intelligent medical treatment, self-powered sensor, deep water communication, etc. The collection of energy by using TENG often has the advantages of low cost and simple production. However, there are certain limitations in TENG power generation. TENG power generation often cannot output high voltage and high current due to material and structure reasons, thereby affecting the energy collection effect. SUMMARY

[0003] In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the present application provides a liquid drop generator, which comprises:

[0004] A fixed support in a U-shaped structure;

[0005] A bulk effect power generation structure located on the inner side of the fixed support and rotationally connected to the two sides of the fixed support through a rotating shaft, the bulk effect power generation structure comprising a plurality of blades arranged circumferentially around the rotating shaft, a shared electrode arranged on the outer side of each blade, two dielectric layers symmetrically arranged on the outer side of the shared electrode, and a top electrode located on the outer side of the dielectric layer;

[0006] An electromagnetic induction power generation structure located on the inner side of the fixed support and comprising two oppositely magnetized magnets; the two oppositely magnetized magnets are arranged on the two sides of the bulk effect power generation structure along the axial direction of the rotating shaft, and the two oppositely magnetized magnets and the shared electrode constitute the electromagnetic induction power generation structure;

[0007] When the liquid drop falls on the dielectric layer, the liquid drop spreads and contacts the top electrode to form electrostatic induction under the driving of gravitational potential energy, and the driving electrons flow in the loop of the top electrode and the shared electrode to form current; at the same time, when the liquid drop falls on the dielectric layer, the potential energy of the liquid drop is converted into kinetic energy of the blade, and the change of the magnetic flux of the shared electrode forms current.

[0008] Preferably, the shared electrode is an insulated enameled copper wire with 60 turns and a diameter of 0.3 mm.

[0009] Preferably, the top electrode is a conductive copper wire without paint with 1 turn and a diameter of 0.3 mm, and the two ends of the top electrode pass through two small holes on the blade.

[0010] Preferably, the top electrode is a copper wire with 1 turn and a diameter of 0.3 mm.

[0011] Preferably, the dielectric layer is fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP) with a thickness of 0.08 mm.

[0012] Preferably, the support is further included, and the plurality of blades are fixedly connected to the rotating shaft through the support.

[0013] Preferably, the two magnets with opposite magnetic properties abut the two side walls of the fixed support and the bottom of the fixed support, and the magnetic property of the magnet is 2500Gs.

[0014] Preferably, the blade and the support are both made by 3D printing.

[0015] The droplet generator provided by the application has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] The application can combine the bulk effect power generation structure and the electromagnetic induction power generation structure through the shared electrode. When the droplet falls on the dielectric layer, the droplet spreads and contacts the top electrode to form electrostatic induction under the driving of the gravitational potential energy, and the driving electrons flow in the loop of the top electrode and the shared electrode to form an electric current. At the same time, when the droplet falls on the dielectric layer, the droplet potential energy is converted into the kinetic energy of the blade, and the change of the magnetic flux of the shared electrode produces a change to form an electric current. The application can complementarily utilize the advantages of the high-voltage and low-current output characteristics of the bulk effect power generation and the high-current and low-voltage output characteristics of the electromagnetic induction phenomenon, realize the output of high voltage and high current, and improve the utilization rate of the droplet energy. Compared with the TENG power generation, the application has obvious advantages in voltage and current, and improves the energy collection effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the application and the design scheme thereof, the drawings required by the embodiments will be briefly introduced as follows. The drawings in the following description are only part of the embodiments of the application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor on the basis of these drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the application;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a perspective view of the bulk effect power generation structure;

[0020] Figure 3 It is an exploded view of the bulk effect power generation structure;

[0021] Figure 4 is the working principle diagram of the present application, wherein, Figure 4 (a) is the electromagnetic induction power generation principle; Figure 4 (b) is the bulk effect droplet power generation principle;

[0022] Figure 5 is the equivalent circuit diagram of the present application, wherein, Figure 5 (a) is the equivalent capacitance diagram; Figure 5 (b) is the equivalent circuit diagram;

[0023] Figure 6 is the output characteristic of the droplet generator, wherein, Figure 6 (a) is the bulk effect power generation structure output voltage; Figure 6 (b) is the bulk effect power generation structure output current; Figure 6 (c) is the electromagnetic induction power generation structure output voltage; Figure 6 (d) is the electromagnetic induction power generation structure output current;

[0024] Figure 7 is the power calculation result of the droplet generator;

[0025] Figure 8 is the practical application of the droplet generator, wherein, Figure 8 (a) is to drive the LED; Figure 8 (b) is the rectifier circuit; Figure 8 (c) is the capacitor power supply; Figure 8 (d) is the driving calculator.

[0026] Explanation of reference signs:

[0027] 1-fixed support, 2-vane, 3-shared electrode, 4-dielectric layer, 5-top electrode, 6-magnet, 7-stand. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to make the technical personnel of the present application better understand the technical solutions and can be implemented, the present application is described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific examples. The following examples are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present application.

[0029] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the technical solutions of the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application.

[0030] In addition, the terms "first", "second" and the like are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. In the description of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "connected", "connected" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances. In the description of the present application, unless otherwise stated, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more, which will not be described here.

[0031] Embodiments

[0032] The present application provides a droplet generator, specifically as shown in Figures 1-3 It includes a fixed support 1, a body effect power generation structure and an electromagnetic induction power generation structure. The fixed support 1 is in a U-shaped structure; the body effect power generation structure is located inside the fixed support 1 and is rotatably connected to both sides of the fixed support 1 through a rotating shaft. The body effect power generation structure includes a plurality of blades 2 arranged circumferentially around the rotating shaft, a shared electrode 3 arranged outside each blade 2, two dielectric layers 4 symmetrically arranged outside the shared electrode 3, and a top electrode 5 located outside the dielectric layer 4. The shared electrode 3 is composed of multiple turns of copper wire wound on the blade 2. The top electrode 5 is located outside the dielectric layer 4. Meanwhile, the present application also includes a support 7, and the plurality of blades 2 are fixedly connected to the rotating shaft through the support 7. As shown in Figure 1As shown, the electromagnetic induction power generation structure is located inside the fixed support 1, including two magnetically opposite magnets 6; the two magnetically opposite magnets 6 are arranged on the two sides of the bulk effect power generation structure along the axial direction of the rotating shaft, and the two magnetically opposite magnets 6 and the shared electrode 3 constitute the electromagnetic induction power generation structure; the two magnetically opposite magnets 6 respectively abut against the two side walls of the fixed support 1, and both abut against the bottom of the fixed support 1. When the liquid drop falls on the dielectric layer 4, the liquid drop spreads and contacts the top electrode 5 to form electrostatic induction under the driving of the gravitational potential energy, and the driving electrons flow in the loop of the top electrode 5 and the shared electrode 3 to form an electric current; at the same time, when the liquid drop falls on the dielectric layer 4, the potential energy of the liquid drop is converted into the kinetic energy of the blade 2, and the magnetic flux through the shared electrode 3 changes to form an induced current.

[0033] In the embodiment, the solid support 1 adopts a customized acrylic plate, and the support 7 is made by 3D printing. In order to realize electromagnetic induction power generation, the two neodymium iron boron magnets 6 with a magnetic force of 2500Gs and opposite polarity are symmetrically placed on the two sides of the rotating blade 2 to form a uniform strong magnetic field. The magnetic flux is changed by the falling of the liquid drop on the blade 2 to drive the blade 2 to rotate. In addition, the water drop bearing is added at both ends of the rotating shaft to realize the smooth rotation of the blade 2 and reduce the friction loss. The water drop bearing is one of the bearings, which is the prior art and will not be described here. The silver needle is used to realize the output of the current of the bulk effect power generation structure and the electromagnetic induction power generation structure.

[0034] In the embodiment, the top electrode 5 is an insulated enameled copper wire with 1 number of turns and a diameter of 0.3mm, and the shared electrode 3 is a non-lacquered conductive copper wire with 60 number of turns and a diameter of 0.3mm. The shared electrode 3 is uniformly distributed on the blade 2 made by 3D printing, and serves as the bottom electrode of the bulk effect power generation structure and the conductor coil of the electromagnetic induction power generation structure. After the non-lacquered conductive copper wire (shared electrode 3) is uniformly wound on the blade 2, it is placed in an alcohol solution for ultrasonic cleaning for 10 minutes. The blade 2 after ultrasonic cleaning is taken out, and the dielectric layer 4 (fluorinated ethylene propylene FEP, FEP film) is uniformly pasted to the blade 2 with the wound copper wire to form the dielectric layer 4 of the bulk effect power generation structure. Then the copper wire with 1 number of turns and a diameter of 0.3mm is passed through the small holes on both sides of the top end of the blade 2 to form the top electrode 5 of the bulk effect power generation structure. The number of blades 2 of the present application is five.

[0035] The specific working principle of the liquid drop generator designed by the present application is as follows (as shown in the figure): Figure 4 When the liquid drop falls on the windmill-like structure composed of five power generation blades 2, the potential energy of the liquid drop is converted into the kinetic energy of the blade 2, the magnetic flux through the shared electrode 3 changes to form an electric current, Figure 4(b) at the same time, after the liquid drop drops on the blade 2 and contacts the dielectric layer 4 and the top electrode 5, the originally disconnected components FEP film, top electrode 5 and shared electrode 3 are connected into a complete electrical system, realizing the flow of electrons between the top electrode 5 and the shared electrode 3, as shown in Figure 4 (a).

[0036] The equivalent circuit of the liquid-drop generator designed by the application is shown in Figure 5 Assuming in an ideal case that a double electric layer is formed at the solid-liquid interface when the liquid drop drops on the blade 2 from a certain height and contacts the dielectric layer 4, because the liquid drop itself has a certain resistance and the liquid-drop body effect power generation structure can be connected into a loop, the liquid drop acts as a combination of a switch, a capacitor and a resistor in the circuit. The capacitor formed by the top electrode 5-liquid drop interface is represented by C EDL1 , the capacitor formed by the liquid drop-FEP film is represented by C EDL2 , and the capacitor formed by the liquid drop-FEP film, FEP film-bottom copper coil (shared electrode 3) is represented by C FEP , as shown in Figure 5 (a). Due to the system structure design and in order to simplify the circuit and facilitate the output of electrical energy, five top electrodes 5 and shared electrodes 3 are connected in series in the design of the blade 2 structure, and when the system is in a working state, the liquid drop continuously drops on different blades 2, and the switches in the five blades 2 are closed in turn, respectively forming a loop. Since the two power generation methods are combined in the form of shared electrodes 3, Figure 5 Loop 1 in (b) is regarded as a series circuit of five body effect power generation structures, and Loop 2 is regarded as a series circuit structure of five electromagnetic induction power generation structure power conductor coils. The output of the body effect power generation structure is measured by connecting the top electrode 5 on the first power generation blade 2 and the bottom electrode of the first power generation blade 2 to the two ends of the oscilloscope probe, and the output of the electromagnetic induction power generation structure is measured by connecting one end of the first shared electrode 3 and one end of the fifth shared electrode 3 to each other and to the oscilloscope probe, as shown in Figure 5 (b).

[0037] When the system is in a working state, the liquid drop drops on the blade 2 and the corresponding switch is closed. Due to the body effect of the body effect power generation structure, there is a downward movement of electrons in loop 1, and at the same time, because part of the potential energy of the liquid drop is converted into kinetic energy of the system when the liquid drop drops on the blade 2, the rotation of the blade 2 is driven, so that the magnetic flux passing through the shared electrode 3 changes, thereby driving the movement of electrons in loop 2. Experimental results show that when the liquid drop continuously drops, the liquid drop dropping on different blades 2 does not affect the motion state of the overall system, and the current passing through loop 2 is irrelevant to the blade 2 on which the liquid drop drops.

[0038] When the liquid drop drops on the power generation blade 2, the volume effect power generation and the electromagnetic induction power generation can be simultaneously generated on the same blade 2 due to the spread of the liquid drop and the conversion between the potential energy of the liquid drop and the kinetic energy of the blade 2. Figure 6 wherein, Figure 6 (a) is the output voltage of the volume effect power generation structure; Figure 6 (b) is the output current of the volume effect power generation structure; Figure 6 (c) is the output voltage of the electromagnetic induction power generation structure; Figure 6 (d) is the output current of the electromagnetic induction power generation structure. The experiment proves that the liquid drop power generator effectively combines the power generation advantages of the volume effect power generation structure and the electromagnetic induction power generation structure, can realize higher output characteristics, and completes better energy conversion.

[0039] The advantage of the liquid drop energy collection by the method is that the liquid drop can timely slide off the blade 2 in the face of the liquid drop falling at a high frequency, so that the influence on the output of the next liquid drop is reduced, the frequency of the high pulse is higher, and better application can be realized.

[0040]

[0041] wherein, represents the instantaneous voltage generated by the liquid drop power generation; R D represents the liquid drop resistance; t on represents the instantaneous time when the liquid drop contacts the top electrode and the shared electrode; t off represents the instantaneous time when the liquid drop slides off the top electrode and the shared electrode; I E represents the current passing through the shared electrode; R E represents the shared electrode resistance; T represents the rotation period; t represents the rotation time; h represents the liquid drop falling height, in addition, the liquid drop mass m is 0.08 g; the gravitational acceleration is g=9.8 m / s 2 ; the liquid drop falling height is 30 cm; R D =9MΩ; R E =4.3Ω, the kinetic energy carried by the Nth liquid drop when falling is about: 2.352×10 -4 J, the generated electric energy is about: 14.167×10 -6 J, such as Figure 7 Therefore, the corresponding energy conversion efficiency is about 6%.

[0042] The practical application of the liquid drop generator designed by the application, the liquid drop energy usually appears in the form of raindrop in daily life, and as a common renewable clean energy, how to effectively use it is a problem to be considered. By using the infusion pump to simulate and control the size and frequency of falling raindrops, the designed liquid drop generator is used to collect raindrop energy, and the effective collection of raindrop energy is realized. Figure 8 For the practical application of the liquid drop generator, it can be seen from Figure 8 that when the liquid drop falling frequency is 8Hz and the falling height is 30cm, the output of the liquid drop generator can light up at least 60 LED lamps after the rectifier circuit, as shown in Figure 8 (a), and the equivalent circuit is as shown in Figure 8 (b), which shows that the liquid drop generator can effectively collect liquid drop energy. In addition, in order to realize stable power output of the liquid drop generator, before the output of the electromagnetic induction power generation structure-body effect power generation structure is directly connected to the power supply device, the application needs to connect the device to the capacitor first to ensure stable power output. Therefore, the liquid drop generator is connected to a bridge rectifier, and different specifications of capacitors are powered first, and the equivalent circuit is as shown in Figure 8 (c), different specifications of capacitors can be charged to different voltages within 10 minutes, and the corresponding capacitors are connected to calculators, temperature and humidity sensors, etc. within a certain charging time, as shown in Figure 8 (d), which can power the sensor, and the intermittent power supply realized by the power generation method meets the current social requirement for environmental state monitoring, and can realize self-power supply for outdoor environmental monitoring sensors to achieve the purpose of outdoor environmental monitoring.

[0043] The liquid drop generator with two power generation methods designed by the application realizes efficient collection of liquid drop energy. Not only the liquid drop generator is combined with electromagnetic induction phenomenon, but also the advantages of the two power generation methods are fully utilized to improve the fusion degree between them. The liquid drop generator fused in the way of sharing electrode 3 can utilize the two power generation methods at the same time to realize the conversion of liquid drop energy, and the instantaneous energy conversion efficiency is as high as 6%. In practical application, the application focuses on the self-power supply of environmental sensors, and the self-power supply of most sensors can be realized by charging the capacitors first. The liquid drop generator has high energy conversion efficiency, which can not only drive common small electrical equipment but also realize power supply for some sensors, and can be combined with environmental sensors to realize self-power supply for environmental sensors. It provides a new way for future simplification of environmental monitoring circuit and design of all-weather power generator.

[0044] The above embodiments are only the preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any simple change or equivalent replacement of the technical solutions which can be obviously obtained by those skilled in the art within the technical range disclosed by the present application shall belong to the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A droplet generator, characterized in that, include: The fixed bracket (1) has a U-shaped structure; The bulk effect power generation structure is located inside the fixed support (1) and is rotatably connected to both sides of the fixed support (1) via a rotating shaft. The bulk effect power generation structure includes multiple blades (2) arranged around the rotating shaft in a circumferential direction, a shared electrode (3) arranged on the outside of each blade (2), two dielectric layers (4) and a top electrode (5). The shared electrode (3) is composed of multiple turns of copper wire wound on the blade (2). The two dielectric layers (4) are symmetrically arranged on the outside of the shared electrode (3). The top electrode (5) is located on the outside of the dielectric layer (4). The electromagnetic induction power generation structure is located inside the fixed support (1) and includes two magnets (6) with opposite magnetic properties. The two magnets (6) with opposite magnetic properties are arranged on both sides of the body effect power generation structure along the axis of rotation. The two magnets (6) with opposite magnetic properties and the shared electrode (3) constitute the electromagnetic induction power generation structure. When the droplet falls onto the dielectric layer (4), driven by gravitational potential energy, the droplet spreads out and comes into contact with the top electrode (5) to form electrostatic induction, driving electrons to flow in the circuit between the top electrode (5) and the shared electrode (3) to form a current; at the same time, when the droplet falls onto the dielectric layer (4), the droplet potential energy is converted into the kinetic energy of the blade (2), and the change in the magnetic flux of the shared electrode (3) generates a current. The shared electrode (3) is an insulating enameled copper wire with 60 turns and a diameter of 0.3 mm; The top electrode (5) is an unpainted conductive copper wire with 1 turn and a diameter of 0.3 mm. The two ends of the top electrode (5) pass through two small holes on the blade (2). It also includes a support (7), through which the plurality of blades (2) are fixedly connected to the rotating shaft; The two magnets (6) with opposite magnetic properties abut against the two side walls of the fixed bracket (1) respectively, and both abut against the bottom of the fixed bracket (1). The magnets (6) have a magnetic value of 2500Gs.

2. The droplet generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dielectric layer (4) is fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP) with a thickness of 0.08 mm.

3. The droplet generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the blade (2) and the support (7) are manufactured by 3D printing.

Images