Cooling system of solar photovoltaic cell panel

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic modules, in particular to a cooling system of a solar photovoltaic cell panel, which comprises a photovoltaic panel with a support frame, the photovoltaic panel is connected with an energy storage module, the cooling system also comprises a water cooling assembly arranged on the support frame, and the water cooling assembly comprises a water cooling seat fixedly connected with the support frame. The interior of the water-cooling base is hollow, the upper end of the water-cooling base is connected with a water-cooling pipe, the water-cooling pipe is connected with a plurality of nozzles, the water-cooling base is further connected with a water inlet pipe, a transmission pipe is further rotationally arranged on the water-cooling base, and an impeller is arranged at one end of the transmission pipe and is arranged in the water-cooling base; an impeller is arranged at the end of the transmission pipe, and when flowing cooling liquid passes through the cavity in the water cooling base, the transmission pipe is driven by the impeller to rotate in the axis direction. The transmission pipe serves as a power source of the air cooling assembly through the transmission assembly, so that the transmission pipe rotates on the geometric center of the back face of the photovoltaic panel, and the flowability of surrounding gas is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic modules, in particular to a cooling system for a solar photovoltaic cell panel. Background Art

[0002] Solar energy has the advantages of wide sources, low operating costs, and no pollution to the environment. my country has a vast territory and abundant sunshine, which makes solar energy have the potential to solve the problem of energy demand. Photovoltaic power generation is an eco-friendly technology that can become an important source of electricity to meet the growing energy demand. Only 20% of the solar radiation received by photovoltaic cells will be converted into electrical energy, and its photoelectric conversion efficiency will decrease significantly with the increase in temperature. Every time the temperature rises by one degree, the photoelectric conversion efficiency decreases by 0.4%-0.65%. Excessive temperature or uneven temperature distribution will destroy the structure of photovoltaic materials and shorten the life of photovoltaic panels, so photovoltaic panels need to be effectively cooled.

[0003] The heat dissipation technology of photovoltaic panels can be divided into active cooling technology and passive cooling technology. Active cooling technology is highly efficient and effective, but generally requires electricity or other energy to provide power, resulting in a decrease in the overall energy efficiency of the solar power generation system, and will cause the temperature of the cooled photovoltaic cells to increase along the direction of fluid flow, resulting in uneven temperature distribution on the panel surface, affecting the life of the photovoltaic panels, and posing a major obstacle to the practical application of photovoltaic panels; passive cooling technology does not require external energy consumption, but has low heat exchange efficiency and poor heat exchange effect. Developing cooling technology to effectively manage the thermal performance of photovoltaic panels has become the key to the promotion of photovoltaic power generation technology.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a cooling system that is compatible with active cooling technology and passive cooling technology to dissipate heat and cool solar photovoltaic panels. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention aims to provide a cooling system for a solar photovoltaic cell panel, which is used to improve the heat dissipation effect of a passive cooling device while performing active liquid spray cooling.

[0006] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] The cooling system of the solar photovoltaic cell panel comprises a photovoltaic panel with a support frame, the photovoltaic panel is connected to an energy storage module, and also comprises a water cooling component arranged on the support frame, the water cooling component comprises a water cooling seat fixedly connected to the support frame, the water cooling seat is hollow inside and a water cooling pipe is connected to the upper end, a plurality of nozzles are connected to the water cooling pipe, the water cooling seat is also connected to a water inlet pipe, a transmission pipe is also rotatably arranged on the water cooling seat, and an impeller is arranged at one end of the transmission pipe and is arranged inside the water cooling seat, when the cooling fluid in the water inlet pipe passes through the water cooling seat When the transmission tube is rotated, the transmission tube can be driven to rotate; the cooling system also protects the air-cooling assembly and the transmission assembly arranged on the backlight side of the photovoltaic panel, the air-cooling assembly includes an air-cooling plate rotatably arranged on the photovoltaic panel, and a plurality of air-cooling shafts are rotatably arranged on the air-cooling plate. An air-cooling cylinder is also fixedly arranged on the photovoltaic panel, and the air-cooling cylinder is sleeved on the air-cooling shaft. The other end of the transmission tube is connected to the air-cooling plate through the transmission assembly. When the transmission tube rotates, the rotation of the air-cooling plate and the reciprocating movement of the air-cooling shaft in the air-cooling cylinder are realized through the transmission assembly.

[0008] Furthermore, the inner bright surface of the photovoltaic panel is provided with a plurality of heat dissipation plate groups, and is divided into a plurality of heat dissipation zones by the heat dissipation plate groups. The rotating shaft of the air-cooled disk is arranged on the geometric center of the photovoltaic panel, and the plurality of heat dissipation zones are evenly spaced on the outer periphery of the air-cooled disk. The heat dissipation plate group includes a plurality of curved heat dissipation strips, the heat dissipation strips are provided with heat dissipation holes, and the outer convex surfaces of the plurality of heat dissipation strips are all facing the geometric center.

[0009] Furthermore, the air-cooling plate includes two crankshafts arranged opposite to each other, a connecting plate is arranged between the two crankshafts, one end of the air-cooling shaft is rotatably arranged on the connecting plate, and the other end is movably sleeved on the air-cooling cylinder, a limiting groove is also provided on the air-cooling shaft, and a limiting pin cooperating with the limiting groove is provided on the back of the photovoltaic panel. The crankshaft, the connecting plate and the air-cooling shaft constitute a cam mechanism to realize the reciprocating movement of the air-cooling shaft in the air-cooling cylinder.

[0010] Furthermore, a heat exchange component is provided on the back side of the photovoltaic panel, and the heat exchange component includes a heat exchange seat and a heat exchange ball arranged in the heat exchange seat, the heat exchange ball is filled with heat exchange medium and the heat exchange ball is a plastic material, the heat exchange ball includes a first part and a second part, the volume of the first part is smaller than the second part and the height is greater than the second part, the first part passes through the outer circumference of the air-cooling cylinder, and the second part is placed between the photovoltaic panel and the heat exchange seat, and the air-cooling shaft can compress the volume of the first part and realize the movement of the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange ball when it reciprocates in the air-cooling cylinder.

[0011] Furthermore, a plurality of through holes are provided on the outer circumference of the air cooling cylinder, so that air flow in the heat dissipation area can be achieved when the air cooling shaft moves away from the geometric center direction or moves close to the geometric center direction in the air cooling cylinder.

[0012] Furthermore, the heat exchange medium is ethanol.

[0013] Furthermore, an air cooling head is rotatably arranged on the air cooling shaft, and the air cooling head is spirally arranged inside the air cooling cylinder. When the air cooling shaft moves, the air cooling head can achieve spiral reciprocating movement in the air cooling cylinder.

[0014] Furthermore, the transmission assembly includes a transmission seat fixedly connected to the support frame, and two meshing first gears and second gears are arranged in the transmission seat. The first gear and the second gear are both bevel gears, and the first gear is connected to the transmission pipe, and the second gear is connected to the air cooling plate.

[0015] Furthermore, a water storage tray is provided below the photovoltaic panel.

[0016] Furthermore, a wind wheel is also arranged on the second gear.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. In the water cooling seat of the water cooling assembly of the present invention, a transmission pipe is rotatably arranged, and an impeller is arranged at the end of the transmission pipe. When the flowing coolant passes through the cavity in the water cooling seat, the axis of the transmission pipe is driven to rotate by the impeller; in addition, the transmission pipe is used as the power source of the air cooling assembly through the transmission assembly, so that it rotates on the geometric center of the back of the photovoltaic panel, and the fluidity of the surrounding gas is increased. Finally, the water cooling assembly and the air cooling assembly do not act separately. While the water cooling assembly is spray cooling, the air cooling assembly is also cooling. The combined effect of the two can greatly improve the cooling efficiency and cooling effect;

[0019] 2. The photovoltaic panel of the present invention generates heat in the process of absorbing solar energy and converting it into electrical energy. The heat is first absorbed by the heat dissipation plate group on the inner surface. The curved design of the heat dissipation strip and the arrangement of the heat dissipation holes enable the heat to be dispersed around along the heat dissipation strip, reducing the formation of hot spots. The rotation of the air-cooled plate drives the flow of surrounding air, which enhances the convection and radiation heat dissipation of heat through the heat dissipation holes and the outer convex surface of the heat dissipation strip. Since the heat dissipation zones are evenly distributed on the periphery of the air-cooled plate, the heat distribution of the entire photovoltaic panel is more uniform, avoiding local overheating and improving the stability and efficiency of the photovoltaic panel.

[0020] 3. When the air-cooling disk in the present invention starts to rotate, the two crankshafts drive the air-cooling shaft to rotate through the connecting disk. One end of the air-cooling shaft is fixed on the connecting disk to ensure the stability of rotation. As the air-cooling disk rotates, the crankshaft pushes the air-cooling shaft to reciprocate in the limiting groove. The cooperation of the limiting groove and the limiting pin ensures the accuracy and reliability of the reciprocating motion of the air-cooling shaft. The reciprocating motion of the air-cooling shaft in the air-cooling cylinder changes the air flow in the air-cooling cylinder, enhances the dynamics of the air flow, and improves the heat dissipation efficiency. This reciprocating motion also helps to break the heat layer that may appear in the air-cooling cylinder, so that the heat is dissipated more evenly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, constitute a part of the present invention, and do not constitute a limitation of the embodiments of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of an axial structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a rear view structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 Another axial structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A is a schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of the middle part;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the water cooling assembly of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the air cooling cylinder of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the air-cooling cylinder of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the heat exchange ball and the photovoltaic panel of the present invention;

[0030] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the air-cooling plate of the present invention;

[0031] Fig.10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the transmission assembly of the present invention;

[0032] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the air-cooled shaft of the present invention.

[0033] Marks and corresponding parts names in the attached drawings:

[0034] 1-photovoltaic panel, 2-support frame, 3-energy storage module, 4-water cooling assembly, 5-air cooling assembly, 6-transmission pipe, 7-transmission assembly, 8-heat dissipation plate group, 9-heat exchange assembly, 10-water storage tray;

[0035] 41- water cooling seat, 42- water cooling pipe, 43- nozzle, 44- water inlet pipe;

[0036] 51-air cooling plate, 52-air cooling shaft, 53-air cooling cylinder, 54-through hole, 55-air cooling head;

[0037] 511-crankshaft, 512-connecting plate, 513-limiting groove, 514-limiting nail;

[0038] 71-transmission seat, 72-first gear, 73-second gear;

[0039] 81-heat dissipation area, 82-heat dissipation strip, 83-heat dissipation hole;

[0040] 91-heat exchange seat, 92-heat exchange ball, 93-heat exchange medium;

[0041] 921-Part 1, 922-Part 2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments and drawings. The schematic implementation modes and descriptions of the present invention are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. It should be noted that the present invention is already in the actual development and use stage.

[0043] Embodiment 1:

[0044] Please refer to the attached Figures 1 to 11 , a cooling system for a solar photovoltaic panel, comprising a photovoltaic panel 1 with a support frame 2, the photovoltaic panel 1 being connected to an energy storage module 3, and also comprising a water cooling assembly 4 arranged on the support frame 2, the water cooling assembly 4 comprising a water cooling seat 41 fixedly connected to the support frame 2, the water cooling seat 41 being hollow inside and having a water cooling pipe 42 connected to the upper end, the water cooling pipe 42 being connected to a plurality of nozzles 43, the water cooling seat 41 being further connected to a water inlet pipe 44, a transmission pipe 6 being rotatably arranged on the water cooling seat 41, and an impeller being arranged at one end of the transmission pipe 6 and being arranged inside the water cooling seat 41, when the cooling fluid in the water inlet pipe 44 passes through the water cooling seat 41, the transmission pipe 6 can be driven to rotate;

[0045] The cooling system also protects the air-cooling assembly 5 and the transmission assembly 7 arranged on the backlight side of the photovoltaic panel 1. The air-cooling assembly 5 includes an air-cooling plate 51 rotatably arranged on the photovoltaic panel 1, and a plurality of air-cooling shafts 52 are rotatably arranged on the air-cooling plate 51. An air-cooling cylinder 53 is also fixedly arranged on the photovoltaic panel 1, and the air-cooling cylinder 53 is sleeved on the air-cooling shaft 52. The other end of the transmission pipe 6 is connected to the air-cooling plate 51 through the transmission assembly 7. When the transmission pipe 6 rotates, the rotation of the air-cooling plate 51 and the reciprocating movement of the air-cooling shaft 52 in the air-cooling cylinder 53 are realized through the transmission assembly 7.

[0046] It should be noted that active cooling technology is efficient and effective, but generally requires electricity or other energy to provide power, resulting in a decrease in the overall energy efficiency of the solar power generation system, and will cause the temperature of the cooled photovoltaic cells to increase along the direction of fluid flow, resulting in uneven temperature distribution on the panel surface, affecting the life of the photovoltaic panel, and having a great obstacle to the practical application of the photovoltaic panel; passive cooling technology does not require external energy consumption, but has low heat exchange efficiency and poor heat exchange effect. Taking spray cooling in active cooling as an example, generally, cooling water is sprayed onto the surface of the photovoltaic panel 1 through a nozzle 43, etc., absorbing heat and evaporating rapidly to form water vapor, taking away the residual heat on the surface, thereby achieving the cooling effect of the photovoltaic panel 1, but in this process, there are obvious disadvantages, such as the cooling effect decreases along the spray direction, because the sprayed cooling water has obvious directionality, it can take away limited heat during the movement process, and the photovoltaic panel 1 located in the rear part cannot achieve effective heat dissipation. In passive cooling technology, the effects of natural air cooling and natural water cooling are greatly affected by environmental conditions (such as wind speed and temperature), and are not effective under general environments.

[0047] Based on the above situation, the applicant proposed a cooling system for solar photovoltaic panels, by setting a wind cooling component 5 capable of passive cooling and a water cooling component 4 capable of active cooling on the backlight surface of the photovoltaic panel 1, and combining the wind cooling component 5 with the water cooling component 4 through a transmission pipe 6, so that it can be air-cooled while water-cooling, solving the problem that spray cooling in the prior art cannot achieve uniform heat dissipation. Specifically, in the water cooling seat 41 of the water cooling component 4, a transmission pipe 6 is rotatably arranged, and an impeller is arranged at the end of the transmission pipe 6. When the flowing coolant passes through the cavity in the water cooling seat 41, the impeller drives the axis of the transmission pipe 6 to rotate; in addition, the transmission pipe 6 is used as the power source of the wind cooling component 5 through the transmission component 7, so that it rotates on the geometric center of the back of the photovoltaic panel 1, and increases the fluidity of the surrounding gas. Finally, the water cooling component 4 and the wind cooling component 5 do not act alone. While the water cooling component 4 is spray-cooled, the wind cooling component 5 is also cooling. The combined effect of the two can greatly improve the cooling efficiency and cooling effect.

[0048] Regarding the cooling process of the photovoltaic panel 1: when the cooling system is working, the coolant flows into the water cooling seat 41 through the water inlet pipe 44, and the impeller rotates with the flow of the coolant, driving the transmission pipe 6 to rotate, and then the nozzle 43 sprays the coolant onto the photovoltaic panel 1, and absorbs heat through liquid evaporation, thereby rapidly reducing the surface temperature of the photovoltaic panel 1; during the spraying process of the nozzle 43, the rotational power of the transmission pipe 6 is transmitted to the air cooling plate 51 through the transmission component 7, so that the air cooling plate 51 rotates, and the air cooling shaft 52 reciprocates in the air cooling cylinder 53, increasing the fluidity of the surrounding gas and realizing passive air cooling and heat dissipation; in the above process, the combined action of the water cooling and air cooling components 5 greatly improves the cooling efficiency and effect, and solves the limitations of a single cooling method.

[0049] The photoelectric conversion efficiency of photovoltaic panels is greatly affected by temperature. For every degree of temperature increase, the photoelectric conversion efficiency decreases by 0.4% to 0.65%. The cooling system of the solar photovoltaic panel can reduce the operating temperature of the photovoltaic panel 1 through effective cooling, thereby reducing the efficiency loss caused by the temperature increase. For the active cooling process, it needs to consume energy. Therefore, the system that uses active cooling technology for cooling needs to produce better results with the smallest possible consumption. The composite cooling method in this embodiment can maintain the low temperature operation of the photovoltaic panel 1 in a high temperature environment and maximize the photoelectric conversion efficiency, which is of great significance for improving the economy and practicality of the solar power generation system. In addition, high temperature or uneven temperature distribution will destroy the structure of the photovoltaic material and shorten the life of the photovoltaic panel. The cooling system in this embodiment avoids local overheating and reduces the damage of temperature to the photovoltaic material through a uniform cooling effect, thereby extending the service life of the photovoltaic panel 1 and improving the reliability and stability of the solar power generation system.

[0050] It should be noted that the inner polished surface of the photovoltaic panel 1 is provided with a plurality of heat dissipation plate groups 8, and is divided into a plurality of heat dissipation zones 81 by the heat dissipation plate groups 8. The rotating axis of the air-cooling plate 51 is provided at the geometric center of the photovoltaic panel 1, and the plurality of heat dissipation zones 81 are evenly spaced at intervals on the outer periphery of the air-cooling plate 51. The heat dissipation plate group 8 includes a plurality of curved heat dissipation strips 82, each of which is provided with heat dissipation holes 83, and the outer convex surfaces of the plurality of heat dissipation strips 82 are all facing the geometric center.

[0051] Based on the above structure, the design of the heat dissipation plate group 8 enables the heat to be evenly dispersed from the center of the photovoltaic panel 1 to the surroundings, and the curved shape of the heat dissipation strip 82 helps to increase the heat dissipation area and improve the heat exchange efficiency; the heat dissipation holes 83 on the heat dissipation strip 82 allow air to flow, take away the heat, and achieve passive heat dissipation; the rotation axis of the air cooling plate 51 is located at the geometric center of the photovoltaic panel 1, and when it rotates, it drives the air flow in the surrounding heat dissipation area 81 to enhance the heat dissipation effect. It should also be noted that the photovoltaic panel 1 generates heat in the process of absorbing solar energy and converting it into electrical energy, and this heat is first absorbed by the heat dissipation plate group 8 on the inner surface; the curved design of the heat dissipation strip 82 and the setting of the heat dissipation holes 83 enable the heat to be dispersed around along the heat dissipation strip 82, reducing the formation of hot spots; the rotation of the air cooling plate 51 drives the surrounding air to flow, and through the heat dissipation holes 83 and the outer convex surface of the heat dissipation strip 82, the convection and radiation heat dissipation of heat are enhanced; because the heat dissipation areas 81 are evenly spaced on the periphery of the air cooling plate 51, the heat distribution of the entire photovoltaic panel 1 is more uniform, avoiding local overheating, and improving the stability and efficiency of the photovoltaic panel 1.

[0052] Furthermore, the heat sink group 8 in this embodiment promotes the flow of fluid (air) on the back of the photovoltaic panel 1 through its curved heat sink strips 82 and heat sink holes 83. This structure increases the surface area of ​​the fluid in contact with the photovoltaic panel 1, thereby enhancing the convective heat transfer effect. When the fluid flows through the heat sink strips 82 and the heat sink holes 83, it will be decelerated due to friction, which increases the heat exchange time between the fluid and the photovoltaic panel 1 and improves the heat transfer efficiency. In addition, the curved shape of the heat sink strip 82 and the design of the outer convex surface facing the geometric center will produce a turbulence effect during the flow of the fluid, which can destroy the laminar flow of the fluid. The fluid in the turbulent state has a higher heat exchange efficiency. The vortex and chaotic flow in the turbulent flow can more effectively remove heat from the surface of the photovoltaic panel 1 and reduce the formation of local hot spots. Finally, the heat dissipation areas 81 are evenly spaced on the periphery of the air-cooled plate 51. This layout helps to evenly distribute the fluid on the surface of the photovoltaic panel 1. The boundary layer theory in fluid mechanics points out that a boundary layer will be formed when the fluid approaches the solid surface. The velocity gradient in the boundary layer is large and the heat transfer efficiency is high. By evenly distributing the heat dissipation areas 81, it can be ensured that the entire surface of the photovoltaic panel 1 can effectively contact the fluid to achieve uniform cooling.

[0053] It should be noted that the air-cooling plate 51 includes two crankshafts 511 arranged opposite to each other, and a connecting plate 512 is arranged between the two crankshafts 511. One end of the air-cooling shaft 52 is rotatably arranged on the connecting plate 512, and the other end is movably sleeved on the air-cooling cylinder 53. A limiting groove 513 is also provided on the air-cooling shaft 52, and a limiting pin 514 cooperating with the limiting groove 513 is provided on the back side of the photovoltaic panel 1. The crankshaft 511, the connecting plate 512 and the air-cooling shaft 52 constitute a cam mechanism to realize the reciprocating movement of the air-cooling shaft 52 in the air-cooling cylinder 53.

[0054] Based on the above structure, the air-cooling plate 51 in this embodiment is composed of two relatively arranged crankshafts 511 and a connecting plate 512. The crankshafts 511 are connected by the connecting plate 512 to form a stable structure. The design of the crankshaft 511 enables the air-cooling shaft 52 to rotate around the connecting plate 512, providing stable support and precise guidance for the air-cooling shaft 52; one end of the air-cooling shaft 52 is fixed on the connecting plate 512, and the other end is movably sleeved on the air-cooling cylinder 53. A limiting groove 513 is provided on the air-cooling shaft 52, which cooperates with the limiting pin 514 on the back of the photovoltaic panel 1 to form a cam mechanism. When the air-cooling plate 51 rotates, the crankshaft 511 pushes the air-cooling shaft 52 to move back and forth in the limiting groove 513, thereby realizing the linear reciprocating motion of the air-cooling shaft 52 in the air-cooling cylinder 53. The design of the cam mechanism enables the air-cooling shaft 52 to perform precisely controlled reciprocating motion in the air-cooling cylinder 53. This reciprocating motion helps to enhance the air-cooling effect. By changing the position of the air-cooling shaft 52, the air flow in the air-cooling cylinder 53 can be adjusted, thereby achieving more effective cooling.

[0055] When the air cooling plate 51 starts to rotate, the two crankshafts 511 drive the air cooling shaft 52 to rotate through the connecting plate 512. One end of the air cooling shaft 52 is fixed on the connecting plate 512 to ensure the stability of the rotation. As the air cooling plate 51 rotates, the crankshaft 511 pushes the air cooling shaft 52 to reciprocate in the limiting groove 513. The cooperation of the limiting groove 513 and the limiting pin 514 ensures the accuracy and reliability of the reciprocating motion of the air cooling shaft 52. The reciprocating motion of the air cooling shaft 52 in the air cooling cylinder 53 changes the air flow in the air cooling cylinder 53, enhances the dynamics of the air flow, and improves the heat dissipation efficiency. This reciprocating motion also helps to break the heat layer that may appear in the air cooling cylinder 53, so that the heat is dissipated more evenly.

[0056] It should be noted that a heat exchange component 9 is provided on the back of the photovoltaic panel 1, and the heat exchange component 9 includes a heat exchange seat 91 and a heat exchange ball 92 arranged in the heat exchange seat 91, the heat exchange ball 92 is filled with a heat exchange medium 93 and the heat exchange ball 92 is a plastic material, the heat exchange ball 92 includes a first part 921 and a second part 922, the volume of the first part 921 is smaller than the second part 922 and the height is greater than the second part 922, the first part 921 passes through the outer periphery of the air-cooling cylinder 53, and the second part 922 is placed between the photovoltaic panel 1 and the heat exchange seat 91, and the air-cooling shaft 52 can compress the volume of the first part 921 and realize the movement of the heat exchange medium 93 in the heat exchange ball 92 when it reciprocates in the air-cooling cylinder 53.

[0057] Based on the above structure, the core of the heat exchange assembly 9 is the heat exchange ball 92. The plastic material properties of the heat exchange ball 92 enable it to deform under the action of external pressure. The first part 921 passes through the outer periphery of the air cooling cylinder 53, and the second part 922 is located between the photovoltaic panel 1 and the heat exchange seat 91. This layout enables the heat exchange ball 92 to be effectively compressed and expanded during the reciprocating motion of the air cooling shaft 52. In addition, since the volume of the first part 921 is larger than the second part 922, the height of the first part 921 is larger than the second part 922. The heat exchange ball 92 is "gourd-shaped" as a whole, and the preferred structure of the second part 922 is flatter. The second part 922 is convex as a whole. When the volume of the second part 922 changes, the volume change of the second part 922 can be further increased, thereby increasing the contact area between the second part 922 and the photovoltaic panel 1, and finally improving the heat dissipation effect. When the air cooling shaft 52 reciprocates in the air cooling cylinder 53, the volume of the first part 921 is compressed, causing the heat exchange medium 93 in the heat exchange ball 92 to flow. The flow of the heat exchange medium 93 helps to transfer the heat absorbed by the back of the photovoltaic panel 1 to the heat exchange seat 91, thereby achieving effective heat dissipation. Through the design of the heat exchange component 9, the heat can be quickly transferred from the photovoltaic panel 1 to the heat exchange medium 93, and then dissipated to the surrounding environment through the heat exchange seat 91. This efficient heat exchange mechanism can effectively reduce the operating temperature of the photovoltaic panel 1 and improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency.

[0058] For the heat exchange component 9 and the air cooling component 5, the heat generated by the photovoltaic panel 1 during operation is first absorbed by the heat exchange component 9. The plastic material of the heat exchange ball 92 allows it to deform during the reciprocating motion of the air cooling shaft 52. This deformation allows the heat exchange medium 93 to flow inside the heat exchange ball 92, transferring heat from the photovoltaic panel 1 to the heat exchange medium 93. As the heat exchange medium 93 flows inside the heat exchange ball 92, the heat is transferred to the heat exchange seat 91. The heat exchange seat 91 is designed to dissipate heat to the surrounding environment. In this embodiment, the heat exchange seat 91 has a large surface area to increase the efficiency of heat dissipation. The air cooling component 5 enhances air flow through the reciprocating motion of the air cooling shaft 52, which not only improves the efficiency of heat dissipation of the heat exchange seat 91, but also assists in heat dissipation by increasing air flow. The movement of the air cooling shaft 52 also helps to break the heat layer, making the heat dissipation more uniform and effective.

[0059] In this embodiment, it is more preferred that a plurality of through holes 54 are provided on the outer periphery of the air cooling cylinder 53, so that air flow in the heat dissipation area 81 can be realized when the air cooling shaft 52 moves away from the geometric center or moves close to the geometric center in the air cooling cylinder 53. Based on the above structure, it can be understood that the movement of the air cooling shaft 52 in the air cooling cylinder 53 changes the air pressure distribution inside the air cooling cylinder 53. When the air cooling shaft 52 moves away from the geometric center, the pressure in the central area of ​​the air cooling cylinder 53 decreases, and the external air is sucked into the air cooling cylinder 53 through the through holes 54; on the contrary, when the air cooling shaft 52 approaches the geometric center, the pressure in the central area increases, and the air in the air cooling cylinder 53 is discharged through the through holes 54. The air flow caused by this pressure change helps to dissipate heat. The provision of the through holes 54 not only allows air to flow, but also helps to break the heat layer that may be formed inside the air cooling tube 53, so that the heat can be dissipated more evenly. The design of the through holes 54 needs to take into account the dynamic characteristics of the airflow to ensure that the airflow can effectively take away the heat. The through holes 54 on the periphery of the air cooling tube 53 are combined with the design of the heat dissipation area 81, so that the airflow can cover the entire heat dissipation area 81. This design ensures that the heat can be evenly transferred from the surface of the photovoltaic panel 1 to the air cooling tube 53, and then discharged through the through holes 54, achieving effective heat exchange.

[0060] Preferably, the heat exchange medium 93 is ethanol. Ethanol has a relatively high thermal conductivity, which means that it can quickly absorb and transfer heat, thereby improving heat exchange efficiency. The heat exchange medium 93 in this embodiment can also be replaced by ethylene glycol or a mixture of biphenyl and biphenyl ether.

[0061] In this embodiment, it is more preferred that an air cooling head 55 is rotatably arranged on the air cooling shaft 52, and the air cooling head 55 is arranged in a spiral manner with the inner part of the air cooling cylinder 53, so that when the air cooling shaft 52 moves, the air cooling head 55 can realize a spiral reciprocating movement in the air cooling cylinder 53. Based on the above structure, the air cooling head 55 is installed on the air cooling shaft 52 and cooperates with the spiral structure inside the air cooling cylinder 53. When the air cooling shaft 52 reciprocates under the drive of the cam mechanism, the air cooling head 55 moves along the spiral path inside the air cooling cylinder 53, and this spiral movement increases the contact area and contact time between the air cooling head 55 and the inner wall of the air cooling cylinder 53. The spiral reciprocating movement of the air cooling head 55 makes the air flow in the air cooling cylinder 53 more uniform and continuous. This movement mode helps to break the heat layer inside the air cooling cylinder 53, promotes the rapid dissipation of heat, and enhances the turbulent effect inside the air cooling cylinder 53. The spiral reciprocating movement of the air cooling head 55 not only improves the heat exchange efficiency inside the air cooling cylinder 53, but also drives the surrounding air flow, thereby enhancing the heat exchange between the air cooling cylinder 53 and the external environment. This design enables the air cooling system to more effectively transfer the heat generated by the photovoltaic panel 1 to the environment, thereby reducing the operating temperature of the photovoltaic panel 1.

[0062] In this embodiment, it is more preferred that the transmission assembly 7 includes a transmission seat 71 fixedly connected to the support frame 2, and two meshing first gears 72 and second gears 73 are arranged in the transmission seat 71, and the first gear 72 and the second gear 73 are both bevel gears, and the first gear 72 is connected to the transmission pipe 6, and the second gear 73 is connected to the air-cooling plate 51. The transmission assembly 7 in this embodiment is a mechanical transmission system, which transmits power through the meshing of bevel gears. The transmission seat 71 is fixed on the support frame 2, and two bevel gears, a first gear 72 and a second gear 73, are arranged inside. The design of the bevel gears allows power to be transmitted from one shaft to another shaft, while changing the direction of power. The first gear 72 is connected to the transmission pipe 6, and the second gear 73 is connected to the air-cooling plate 51. When the transmission pipe 6 rotates, the first gear 72 rotates accordingly, and transmits power to the second gear 73 through the meshing of the bevel gears, so that the air-cooling plate 51 rotates. The meshing of the bevel gears ensures high efficiency and stability of power transmission; the special geometry of the bevel gears changes the direction of power during transmission, thereby achieving effective reciprocating movement of the air-cooling shaft 52 in the air-cooling cylinder 53. In traditional photovoltaic cooling systems, power transmission may reduce efficiency due to friction and energy loss. The use of bevel gears reduces these losses because they have a large contact area and can transmit torque more efficiently.

[0063] In this embodiment, it is more preferred that a water storage tray 10 is provided below the photovoltaic panel 1. Photovoltaic panel 1 generates heat in the process of converting solar energy into electrical energy. This part of heat can be transferred to the water storage tray 10 by heat conduction. The water storage tray 10 acts as a heat sink, absorbing and storing the heat generated by the photovoltaic panel 1. After absorbing enough heat, the water in the water storage tray 10 will gradually evaporate. A large amount of heat (latent heat of evaporation) needs to be absorbed during the evaporation of water. This process effectively takes away heat from the water storage tray 10 and the photovoltaic panel 1, achieving a cooling effect. The cooling effect of the water storage tray 10 is affected by the ambient humidity. In a low-humidity environment, water molecules are more likely to change from liquid to gas, the evaporation rate is fast, and the cooling effect is more significant.

[0064] In this embodiment, it is more preferred that a wind wheel is also provided on the second gear 73. The position of the wind wheel is not shown in the figure, but it can be understood that the main shaft of the second gear 73 movably penetrates the transmission seat 71 and is connected to the wind wheel, and when connected to the air cooling, it is also connected to the wind wheel through a ratchet, etc., so that the wind wheel can only rotate in a fixed rotation direction, and the rotation direction matches the rotation direction of the transmission tube 6. Although the transmission pipe 6 in this embodiment participates in power transmission by means of an impeller, in the subsequent power transmission process, the mechanical transmission method involved is rotation. It can be understood that, with reference to the setting method of the impeller in the prior art, its blade structure is completely filled in the internal cavity of the water cooling seat 41, and the liquid flow in the water inlet pipe is pressurized by a water pump and other structures. Therefore, under the premise that the torque of the transmission pipe 6 is not large, the impeller can always keep rotating. More specifically, taking an impeller with a radius of 16 cm as an example, the cavity radius is 16.5 cm. It can be seen from the area formula and the coolant flow formula that when the flow rate in the cavity is 8.09 liters / minute, it can meet the rotation rate of 100 revolutions per minute of the transmission pipe 6. At this time, the transmission pipe can drive a rotation load of about 50N.

[0065] When wind blows through the wind wheel, the blades of the wind wheel rotate due to the wind force. This rotational motion can be transmitted to the second gear 73 directly or through other mechanical structures to assist or enhance the rotational power of the second gear 73. The design of the wind wheel enables the transmission assembly 7 to not only rely on active mechanical power input, but also use natural wind power as an auxiliary power source.

[0066] In the actual test process of the applicant, taking a single solar photovoltaic panel with 60 components as an example, for every 1°C increase in temperature, its open circuit voltage decreases by 120mv to 125mv, and the short-circuit current of the solar cell increases with the increase in temperature; the peak power of the solar cell decreases with the increase in temperature (directly affecting the efficiency), that is, for every 1°C increase in temperature, the peak power loss rate of the solar cell is about 0.52%. More specifically, during the monitoring of a solar power station in a certain area, the measured average temperature of the back of the photovoltaic panel 1 at noon in summer is 70°C, the temperature inside the photovoltaic panel 1 is 100°C, and the annual total radiation in the area is about 1247 kWh / m2. By comparing the technical solution in this embodiment with the prior art that directly adopts the spray cooling method, it is found that:

[0067] Continuously test the average temperature from 13:00 to 14:00 within one week, including:

[0068] When spray cooling was not used, the back surface temperature of the photovoltaic panel 1 was 54°C and the surface temperature was 69°C, wherein the temperature reduction rate during the initial cooling for 10 minutes was about 5.3°C / 10 minutes;

[0069] When the existing spray cooling is used, the back temperature of the photovoltaic panel 1 is 29°C and the surface temperature is 48°C; wherein, the temperature reduction rate during the initial 10-minute cooling is about 9.7°C / every 10 minutes. Based on the above data, it can be found that the technical solution in this embodiment can more effectively reduce the temperature of the photovoltaic panel through the combined effect of water cooling and air cooling, and has a faster temperature reduction rate and a lower final temperature compared with the existing spray cooling technology; the temperature reduction directly improves the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic panel, and by effectively reducing the temperature, it can reduce power loss and improve power generation efficiency, that is, through the combined cooling method, a better cooling effect is achieved with slightly higher power consumption than the existing spray cooling method.

[0070] The specific implementation methods described above further illustrate the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific implementation method of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cooling system for a solar photovoltaic panel, comprising a photovoltaic panel (1) with a support frame (2), wherein the photovoltaic panel (1) is connected to an energy storage module (3), characterized in that: It also includes a water cooling assembly (4) arranged on the support frame (2), the water cooling assembly (4) including a water cooling seat (41) fixedly connected to the support frame (2), the water cooling seat (41) is hollow inside and connected to a water cooling pipe (42) at the upper end, a plurality of nozzles (43) are connected to the water cooling pipe (42), the water cooling seat (41) is also connected to a water inlet pipe (44), a transmission pipe (6) is rotatably arranged on the water cooling seat (41), and an impeller is arranged at one end of the transmission pipe (6) and is placed inside the water cooling seat (41), and when the cooling fluid in the water inlet pipe (44) passes through the water cooling seat (41), it can drive the transmission pipe (6) to rotate; The cooling system also protects an air cooling component (5) and a transmission component (7) arranged on the backlight side of the photovoltaic panel (1); the air cooling component (5) comprises an air cooling plate (51) rotatably arranged on the photovoltaic panel (1); a plurality of air cooling shafts (52) are rotatably arranged on the air cooling plate (51); an air cooling cylinder (53) is also fixedly arranged on the photovoltaic panel (1); the air cooling cylinder (53) is sleeved on the air cooling shaft (52); the other end of the transmission pipe (6) is connected to the air cooling plate (51) through the transmission component (7); when the transmission pipe (6) rotates, the rotation of the air cooling plate (51) and the reciprocating movement of the air cooling shaft (52) in the air cooling cylinder (53) are realized through the transmission component (7).

2. The cooling system for solar photovoltaic panels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner bright surface of the photovoltaic panel (1) is provided with a plurality of heat dissipation plate groups (8), and is divided into a plurality of heat dissipation zones (81) by the heat dissipation plate groups (8); the rotation axis of the air-cooling plate (51) is arranged at the geometric center of the photovoltaic panel (1), and the plurality of heat dissipation zones (81) are evenly spaced at intervals on the outer periphery of the air-cooling plate (51); the heat dissipation plate group (8) comprises a plurality of curved heat dissipation strips (82), the heat dissipation strips (82) are provided with heat dissipation holes (83), and the outer convex surfaces of the plurality of heat dissipation strips (82) are all oriented toward the geometric center.

3. The cooling system for solar photovoltaic panels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air-cooling plate (51) comprises two crankshafts (511) arranged opposite to each other, a connecting plate (512) being arranged between the two crankshafts (511), one end of the air-cooling shaft (52) being rotatably arranged on the connecting plate (512), and the other end being movably sleeved on the air-cooling cylinder (53), a limiting groove (513) being also provided on the air-cooling shaft (52), a limiting pin (514) cooperating with the limiting groove (513) being provided on the back side of the photovoltaic panel (1), and the crankshaft (511), the connecting plate (512) and the air-cooling shaft (52) forming a cam mechanism to realize the reciprocating movement of the air-cooling shaft (52) in the air-cooling cylinder (53).

4. The cooling system for solar photovoltaic panels according to claim 1, characterized in that: A heat exchange component (9) is arranged on the back of the photovoltaic panel (1), and the heat exchange component (9) comprises a heat exchange seat (91) and a heat exchange ball (92) arranged in the heat exchange seat (91); the heat exchange ball (92) is filled with a heat exchange medium (93) and the heat exchange ball (92) is made of plastic material; the heat exchange ball (92) comprises a first part (921) and a second part (922); the volume of the first part (921) is smaller than that of the second part (922) and the height is greater than that of the second part (922); the first part (921) passes through the outer circumference of the air cooling cylinder (53); the second part (922) is arranged between the photovoltaic panel (1) and the heat exchange seat (91); when the air cooling shaft (52) reciprocates in the air cooling cylinder (53), it can compress the volume of the first part (921) and realize the movement of the heat exchange medium (93) in the heat exchange ball (92).

5. The cooling system for solar photovoltaic panels according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer circumference of the air cooling cylinder (53) is provided with a plurality of through holes (54), and when the air cooling shaft (52) moves away from the geometric center direction or moves toward the geometric center direction in the air cooling cylinder (53), air flow in the heat dissipation area (81) can be achieved.

6. The cooling system for solar photovoltaic panels according to claim 4, characterized in that: The heat exchange medium (93) is ethanol.

7. The cooling system for solar photovoltaic panels according to claim 5, characterized in that: An air cooling head (55) is rotatably arranged on the air cooling shaft (52), and the air cooling head (55) is spirally arranged inside the air cooling cylinder (53). When the air cooling shaft (52) moves, the air cooling head (55) can achieve spiral reciprocating movement inside the air cooling cylinder (53).

8. The cooling system for solar photovoltaic panels according to claim 5, characterized in that: The transmission assembly (7) comprises a transmission seat (71) fixedly connected to the support frame (2); two meshing first gears (72) and second gears (73) are arranged in the transmission seat (71); the first gear (72) and the second gear (73) are both bevel gears; the first gear (72) is connected to the transmission pipe (6); and the second gear (73) is connected to the air cooling plate (51).

9. The cooling system for solar photovoltaic panels according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: A water storage tray (10) is provided below the photovoltaic panel (1).

10. The cooling system for solar photovoltaic panels according to claim 8, characterized in that: The second gear (73) is also provided with a wind wheel.

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