Composite system based on photovoltaic photo-thermal and data center heat dissipation coupling

Abstract

The invention provides a combined type system based on photovoltaic photo-thermal and data center heat dissipation coupling, and the system comprises a heat dissipation device which is used for carrying out the heat dissipation of electronic equipment of a data center; the photovoltaic photo-thermal device is used for cooling photovoltaic equipment; the input end of the heat recovery device is connected with the output end of the heat dissipation device and the output end of the photovoltaic photo-thermal device; the output end of the heat recovery device is connected with the input end of the heat dissipation device and the input end of the photovoltaic photo-thermal device. Refrigerants absorbing heat in the heat dissipation device and the photovoltaic photo-thermal device flow into the heat recovery device through the input end of the heat recovery device; the heat recovery device is used for recovering heat in the refrigerant and cooling the refrigerant by recovering the heat in the refrigerant. The combined type system based on photovoltaic photo-thermal and data center heat dissipation coupling effectively solves the technical problems that in the prior art, the working temperature of a photovoltaic module cannot be effectively stabilized, and waste heat generated by a chip cannot be effectively recycled.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of heat exchange technology, and in particular to a composite system based on the coupling of photovoltaic thermal energy and data center heat dissipation. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of productivity, informatization and intelligence have become indispensable elements of human society in the fields of production and life. Relying on the improvement of digitalization and computing power, improving scientific research level, production efficiency and social management level has become an important measure for all countries. As an important place for digital storage, processing and computing power supply, the number of data centers has increased significantly. However, in cities where data centers are concentrated, their energy consumption has exceeded 2% of the total urban energy consumption, and this proportion is still growing. Therefore, energy conservation and emission reduction and efficient use of energy in data centers have become particularly critical and have important practical significance.

[0003] Photovoltaics, as an inexhaustible clean energy source, provides a feasible path for achieving energy conservation and emission reduction in data centers. However, during use, photovoltaics will face the problem of prolonged sunlight exposure time and increased operating temperature, which will lead to reduced working efficiency, which will reduce the efficiency of photovoltaic power generation and affect the stability of system energy supply. At present, data centers generally rely solely on photovoltaic modules for power generation, resulting in an energy utilization efficiency of only about 20% of sunlight, which is significantly lower than the potential.

[0004] In addition, a large number of electronic chips that perform high-speed computing and information exchange in data centers generate a lot of heat during operation. The cooling system is responsible for maintaining the chips at a suitable operating temperature and discharging waste heat, which is often not effectively utilized. Therefore, how to stabilize the operating temperature of photovoltaic modules and effectively recycle the waste heat generated by chips has become an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned technical deficiencies and provide a composite system based on the coupling of photovoltaic thermal energy and data center heat dissipation to solve the technical problems in the prior art that the working temperature of photovoltaic modules cannot be effectively stabilized and the waste heat generated by chips cannot be recovered.

[0006] To achieve the above technical objectives, according to one aspect of the present invention: a composite system based on the coupling of photovoltaic thermal energy and data center heat dissipation is provided, including: a heat dissipation device for dissipating heat for electronic equipment in the data center; a photovoltaic thermal device for cooling the photovoltaic equipment; a heat recovery device, wherein the input end of the heat recovery device is respectively connected to the output end of the heat dissipation device and the output end of the photovoltaic thermal device; the output end of the heat recovery device is respectively connected to the input end of the heat dissipation device and the input end of the photovoltaic thermal device; the refrigerant that absorbs heat in the heat dissipation device and the photovoltaic thermal device flows into the heat recovery device through the input end of the heat recovery device; the heat recovery device is used to recover the heat in the refrigerant and cool the refrigerant by recovering the heat in the refrigerant; the cooled refrigerant flows into the photovoltaic thermal device and the heat dissipation device respectively through the output end of the heat recovery device.

[0007] Furthermore, the heat recovery device includes: a heat exchange component, the input end of the heat exchange component is respectively connected to the output end of the heat dissipation device and the output end of the photovoltaic thermal device, and the output end of the heat exchange component is respectively connected to the input end of the heat dissipation device and the input end of the photovoltaic thermal device; the refrigerant after absorbing heat in the heat dissipation device and the photovoltaic thermal device enters the heat exchange component through the input end of the heat exchange component; the heat exchange component is used to absorb heat in the refrigerant and cool the refrigerant by absorbing heat in the refrigerant; the cooled refrigerant flows into the photovoltaic thermal device and the heat dissipation device respectively through the output end of the heat exchange component.

[0008] Furthermore, the heat recovery device also includes: a compressor, the input end of the compressor forms the input end of the heat recovery device; the output end of the compressor is connected to the input end of the heat exchange component, the output end of the heat dissipation device and the output end of the photovoltaic thermal device are both connected to the input end of the heat exchange component through the compressor; the compressor is used to compress the refrigerant.

[0009] Furthermore, the heat recovery device also includes: a capillary tube assembly, the input end of the capillary tube assembly is connected to the output end of the heat exchange assembly, and the output end of the capillary tube assembly is respectively connected to the input end of the heat dissipation device and the input end of the photovoltaic thermal device; the capillary tube assembly is used to adiabatically throttle the refrigerant flowing out of the output end of the heat exchange assembly.

[0010] Furthermore, the composite system also includes: a first confluence valve, which is respectively connected to the input end of the heat recovery device, the output end of the heat dissipation device and the output end of the photovoltaic thermal device, and the first confluence valve is used to adjust the flow rate and pressure of the refrigerant after absorbing heat flowing out from the output end of the heat dissipation device and / or the refrigerant after absorbing heat flowing out from the output end of the photovoltaic thermal device.

[0011] Furthermore, the composite system also includes: a first flow regulating valve, which is arranged between the output end of the heat recovery device and the input end of the photovoltaic thermal device, and the output end of the heat recovery device is connected to the input end of the photovoltaic thermal device through the first flow regulating valve; the first flow regulating valve is used to adjust the flow of the refrigerant delivered to the photovoltaic thermal device.

[0012] Furthermore, the composite system also includes: a second flow regulating valve, which is arranged between the output end of the heat recovery device and the input end of the heat dissipation device, and the output end of the heat recovery device is connected to the input end of the heat dissipation device through the second flow regulating valve; the second flow regulating valve is used to adjust the flow rate of the refrigerant delivered to the heat dissipation device.

[0013] Furthermore, the composite system also includes: a three-way reversing valve, a first end of the three-way reversing valve is connected to the output end of the heat dissipation device, a second end of the three-way reversing valve is connected to the input end of the heat recovery device, and a third end of the three-way reversing valve is connected to the input end of the photovoltaic thermal device; the three-way reversing valve is used to switch the flow path of the refrigerant after absorbing heat flowing out from the output end of the heat dissipation device.

[0014] Furthermore, the composite system also includes: a control device, the control device is connected to the three-way reversing valve, and the control device is used to obtain the current surface temperature of the photovoltaic panel of the photovoltaic thermal device to control the action of the three-way reversing valve according to the current surface temperature; wherein, when the current surface temperature is greater than a preset temperature value, the control device controls the first end of the three-way reversing valve to be connected with the second end of the three-way reversing valve, so that the refrigerant that absorbs heat and flows out from the output end of the heat dissipation device flows to the input end of the heat recovery device; when the current surface temperature is less than or equal to the preset temperature value, the control device controls the first end of the three-way reversing valve to be connected with the third end of the three-way reversing valve, so that the refrigerant that absorbs heat and flows out from the output end of the heat dissipation device flows to the input end of the photovoltaic thermal device.

[0015] Furthermore, the output end of the heat dissipation device can be connected and disconnected to the input end of the photovoltaic thermal device; the composite system also includes: a second confluence valve, a first end of the second confluence valve can be connected and disconnected to the output end of the heat dissipation device, a second end of the second confluence valve is connected to the input end of the photovoltaic thermal device, and the output end of the heat dissipation device can be connected and disconnected to the input end of the photovoltaic thermal device through the second confluence valve; a third end of the second confluence valve is connected to the output end of the heat recovery device; the second confluence valve is used to adjust the flow rate or pressure of the refrigerant after absorbing heat flowing out from the output end of the heat dissipation device and / or the refrigerant flowing out from the output end of the heat recovery device.

[0016] Furthermore, the composite system further comprises: a transport device, which is connected to the heat recovery device and the end user respectively, and is used to transport the heat recovered by the heat recovery device to the end user.

[0017] Furthermore, the transport device includes: at least one heat absorption component, one heat absorption component close to the heat recovery device among the at least one heat absorption component is connected to the heat recovery device, and one heat absorption component close to the end user among the at least one heat absorption component is connected to the end user; each heat absorption component is connected in sequence to form a continuous transport path; the heat recovery device transports the recovered heat to the end user through at least one heat absorption component.

[0018] Furthermore, the transport device also includes: a heat exchange component, which is respectively connected to a heat absorption component close to the end user in at least one heat absorption component and the end user, and a heat absorption component close to the end user in at least one heat absorption component is connected to the end user through the heat exchange component; the heat absorbed by the heat absorption component close to the end user in at least one heat absorption component is transported to the end user through the heat exchange component.

[0019] Beneficial effects: The technical solution of the present invention is applied. The composite system based on photovoltaic thermal and data center heat dissipation coupling provided by the present invention is mainly composed of a heat dissipation device, a photovoltaic thermal device and a heat recovery device. The input end of the heat recovery device is respectively connected to the output end of the heat dissipation device and the output end of the photovoltaic thermal device; the output end of the heat recovery device is respectively connected to the input end of the heat dissipation device and the input end of the photovoltaic thermal device. In this system, the heat dissipation device dissipates heat from the electronic equipment in the data center through a refrigerant, and the refrigerant after absorbing heat flows out through the output end of the heat dissipation device and flows into the heat recovery device through the input end of the heat recovery device. At the same time, the photovoltaic thermal device also cools the photovoltaic equipment through a refrigerant, and the refrigerant after absorbing heat flows out through the output end of the photovoltaic thermal device and flows into the heat recovery device through the input end of the heat recovery device. After the refrigerant after absorbing heat in the heat dissipation device and the photovoltaic thermal device enters the heat recovery device, the heat recovery device recovers the heat in the refrigerant and cools the refrigerant by recovering the heat of the refrigerant. The cooled refrigerant flows into the heat dissipation device and the photovoltaic thermal device through the output end of the heat recovery device through the input end of the heat dissipation device and the input end of the photovoltaic thermal device. It can be seen that by setting up a photovoltaic thermal device, the heat generated by the photovoltaic device under sunlight can be effectively absorbed. This helps to keep the photovoltaic device working at a lower temperature and avoid the adverse effects of the rising working temperature on the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic device. By effectively controlling the temperature of the photovoltaic device, the photovoltaic device can always be maintained at a suitable working temperature, and the power conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic device can be significantly improved, the power loss caused by high temperature can be reduced, and the stability of photovoltaic power supply can be improved, and the annual photovoltaic power generation can be increased by 10%. By setting up a heat recovery device, and the input end of the heat recovery device is respectively connected to the output end of the heat dissipation device and the output end of the photovoltaic thermal device; the output end of the heat recovery device is respectively connected to the input end of the heat dissipation device and the input end of the photovoltaic thermal device, the refrigerant that absorbs the waste heat generated by the electronic equipment in the data center and the refrigerant that absorbs the heat generated by the photovoltaic device under sunlight can flow into the heat recovery device, and then the waste heat generated by the electronic equipment in the data center and the heat generated by the photovoltaic device under sunlight can be recovered, and the refrigerant is cooled by recovering the heat, and then the cooled refrigerant is sent back to the heat dissipation device and the photovoltaic thermal device to achieve heat recycling. At the same time, through the heat recovery and reuse of the heat recovery device, efficient energy circulation is achieved, and the overall energy efficiency is improved. In addition, through the recovery and reuse of heat, energy consumption is reduced, energy saving is achieved, and improving energy utilization efficiency and reducing energy consumption helps to reduce the carbon emissions of the system, meeting the requirements of green environmental protection. The composite system based on photovoltaic thermal and data center heat dissipation coupling of the present invention effectively solves the technical problems in the prior art that the working temperature of photovoltaic modules cannot be effectively stabilized and the waste heat generated by chips cannot be recovered. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the composite system based on photovoltaic thermal and data center heat dissipation coupling of the present invention is shown; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of removing the photovoltaic thermal device in an embodiment of the composite system based on the coupling of photovoltaic thermal energy and data center heat dissipation of the present invention is shown.

[0021] The above drawings include the following reference numerals: 1. Heat dissipation device; 2. Photovoltaic thermal device; 3. Heat recovery device; 31. Heat exchange component; 32. Compressor; 33. Capillary component; 4. First confluence valve; 5. First flow regulating valve; 6. Second flow regulating valve; 7. Three-way reversing valve; 8. Second confluence valve; 9. Conveying device; 91. Heat absorption component; 92. Heat exchange component; 100. Data center; 200. End user. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0023] See also Figure 1 to Figure 2 As shown, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the present invention provides a composite system based on the coupling of photovoltaic thermal energy and data center heat dissipation, including: a heat dissipation device 1, a photovoltaic thermal device 2 and a heat recovery device 3, the heat dissipation device 1 is used to dissipate heat for electronic equipment in the data center 100; the photovoltaic thermal device 2 is used to cool the photovoltaic equipment; the input end of the heat recovery device 3 is respectively connected to the output end of the heat dissipation device 1 and the output end of the photovoltaic thermal device 2; the output end of the heat recovery device 3 is respectively connected to the input end of the heat dissipation device 1 and the input end of the photovoltaic thermal device 2; the refrigerant after absorbing heat in the heat dissipation device 1 and the photovoltaic thermal device 2 flows into the heat recovery device 3 through the input end of the heat recovery device 3; the heat recovery device 3 is used to recover the heat in the refrigerant, and cool the refrigerant by recovering the heat in the refrigerant; the cooled refrigerant flows into the photovoltaic thermal device 2 and the heat dissipation device 1 through the output end of the heat recovery device 3.

[0024] It can be seen that the composite system based on photovoltaic thermal and data center heat dissipation coupling provided by the present invention is mainly composed of a heat dissipation device 1, a photovoltaic thermal device 2 and a heat recovery device 3. The input end of the heat recovery device 3 is respectively connected to the output end of the heat dissipation device 1 and the output end of the photovoltaic thermal device 2; the output end of the heat recovery device 3 is respectively connected to the input end of the heat dissipation device 1 and the input end of the photovoltaic thermal device 2. In this system, the heat dissipation device 1 dissipates heat to the electronic equipment in the data center through the refrigerant, and the refrigerant after absorbing heat flows out through the output end of the heat dissipation device 1 and flows into the heat recovery device 3 through the input end of the heat recovery device 3. At the same time, the photovoltaic thermal device 2 also cools the photovoltaic equipment through the refrigerant, and the refrigerant after absorbing heat flows out through the output end of the photovoltaic thermal device 2 and flows into the heat recovery device 3 through the input end of the heat recovery device 3. After the refrigerant after absorbing heat in the heat dissipation device 1 and the photovoltaic thermal device 2 enters the heat recovery device 3, the heat recovery device 3 recovers the heat in the refrigerant and cools the refrigerant by recovering the heat of the refrigerant. The cooled refrigerant flows into the heat sink 1 and the photovoltaic thermal device 2 through the output end of the heat recovery device 3, through the input end of the heat sink 1 and the input end of the photovoltaic thermal device 2. It can be seen that by setting the photovoltaic thermal device 2, the heat generated by the photovoltaic device under sunlight can be effectively absorbed. This helps to keep the photovoltaic device working at a lower temperature and avoid the adverse effects of the increase in working temperature on the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic device. By effectively controlling the temperature of the photovoltaic device, the photovoltaic device can be maintained at a suitable operating temperature, and the power conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic device can be significantly improved, the power loss caused by high temperature can be reduced, and the stability of the photovoltaic power supply can be improved, and the annual photovoltaic power generation can be increased by 10%. By setting a heat recovery device 3, and the input end of the heat recovery device 3 is connected to the output end of the heat dissipation device 1 and the output end of the photovoltaic thermal device 2 respectively; the output end of the heat recovery device 3 is connected to the input end of the heat dissipation device 1 and the input end of the photovoltaic thermal device 2 respectively, so that the refrigerant that absorbs the waste heat generated by the electronic equipment of the data center and the refrigerant that absorbs the heat generated by the photovoltaic device under sunlight can flow into the heat recovery device 3, and then the waste heat generated by the electronic equipment of the data center and the heat generated by the photovoltaic device under sunlight can be recovered, and the refrigerant is cooled by recovering the heat, and then the cooled refrigerant is sent back to the heat dissipation device 1 and the photovoltaic thermal device 2 to achieve heat recycling. At the same time, through the heat recovery and reuse of the heat recovery device 3, efficient energy circulation is achieved and the overall energy efficiency is improved. In addition, through the recovery and reuse of heat, energy consumption is reduced, energy saving is achieved, and energy utilization efficiency is improved and energy consumption is reduced, which helps to reduce the carbon emissions of the system and meets the requirements of green environmental protection. The composite system based on photovoltaic thermal and data center heat dissipation coupling of the present invention effectively solves the technical problems in the prior art that the working temperature of photovoltaic modules cannot be effectively stabilized and the waste heat generated by chips cannot be recovered.

[0025] Furthermore, the heat dissipation device 1 has a heat dissipation pipeline, the heat dissipation pipeline is used for the circulation of refrigerant, the output end of the heat dissipation pipeline forms the output end of the heat dissipation device 1, and the input end of the heat dissipation pipeline forms the input end of the heat dissipation device 1.

[0026] Optionally, the output end of the heat dissipation pipeline is a high-temperature outlet, and the input end of the heat dissipation pipeline is a low-temperature inlet.

[0027] Furthermore, the heat dissipation device 1 is composed of a plurality of heat sinks, each of which is arranged below a chip that needs to be cooled, and each of which is connected via a heat dissipation pipeline. Each chip constitutes an electronic device of the data center 100 .

[0028] Optionally, the heat generated by the data center is dissipated via the heat dissipation device 1 , thereby maintaining the chip at a suitable operating temperature.

[0029] Optionally, each radiator can be connected in series. After the cooled refrigerant enters from the input end of the heat sink 1, it flows into each radiator in sequence, absorbs the waste heat generated by the chip corresponding to each radiator, and then flows from the output port of the last radiator to the output end of the heat sink 1, and finally flows to the heat recovery device 3 through the output end of the heat sink 1.

[0030] In addition, each radiator can also be connected in parallel. After the cooled refrigerant enters from the input end of the heat sink 1, it flows into each radiator respectively to absorb the waste heat generated by the chip corresponding to each radiator, and then flows from the output port of each radiator to the output end of the heat sink 1, and finally flows to the heat recovery device 3 through the output end of the heat sink 1.

[0031] Among them, as long as reasonable design is used to ensure that each radiator in series or parallel form can have sufficient flow of liquid refrigerant, the heat dissipation function can be achieved.

[0032] Optionally, the radiator is a shell and tube heat exchanger.

[0033] Furthermore, the photovoltaic thermal device 2 has a cooling pipeline, the cooling pipeline is used for the circulation of refrigerant, the output end of the cooling pipeline forms the output end of the photovoltaic thermal device 2, and the input end of the cooling pipeline forms the input end of the photovoltaic thermal device 2.

[0034] Optionally, photovoltaic equipment is used to provide electrical energy to the data center.

[0035] Optionally, the heat recovered by the heat recovery device 3 is delivered to the end user.

[0036] Specifically, Figure 1As shown, the heat recovery device 3 includes: a heat exchange component 31, the input end of the heat exchange component 31 is connected to the output end of the heat dissipation device 1 and the output end of the photovoltaic thermal device 2, and the output end of the heat exchange component 31 is connected to the input end of the heat dissipation device 1 and the input end of the photovoltaic thermal device 2; the refrigerant after absorbing heat in the heat dissipation device 1 and the photovoltaic thermal device 2 enters the heat exchange component 31 through the input end of the heat exchange component 31; the heat exchange component 31 is used to absorb the heat in the refrigerant and cool the refrigerant by absorbing the heat in the refrigerant; the cooled refrigerant flows into the photovoltaic thermal device 2 and the heat dissipation device 1 through the output end of the heat exchange component 31. With such a structural setting, by setting the heat exchange component 31, the heat absorbed in the heat dissipation device 1 and the photovoltaic thermal device 2 can be effectively recovered. The input end of the heat exchange component 31 receives the refrigerant from the heat dissipation device 1 and the photovoltaic thermal device 2, and absorbs the heat therein, thereby realizing the reuse of waste heat. Furthermore, by cooling the refrigerant absorbed in the heat dissipation device 1 and the photovoltaic thermal device 2, the refrigerant is recycled through the heat exchange component 31, which helps to maintain the operating temperature of the data center and the photovoltaic equipment within an appropriate range and avoid the efficiency drop caused by overheating. At the same time, through the recovery and reuse of heat, the system reduces energy consumption and carbon emissions, which is in line with the concept of sustainable development and further improves the environmental protection and economy of the system.

[0037] Optionally, the heat exchange component 31 is a condenser.

[0038] Specifically, Figure 1 As shown, the heat recovery device 3 also includes: a compressor 32, the input end of the compressor 32 forms the input end of the heat recovery device 3; the output end of the compressor 32 is connected to the input end of the heat exchange component 31, and the output end of the heat sink 1 and the output end of the photovoltaic thermal device 2 are both connected to the input end of the heat exchange component 31 through the compressor 32; the compressor 32 is used to compress the refrigerant. With such a structural setting, by setting the compressor 32, the circulation of the refrigerant in the system can be ensured, its normal flow in the heat exchange can be maintained, and the overall efficiency of the system can be improved. By compressing the refrigerant, the compressor 32 can convert the refrigerant flowing out of the heat sink 1 and the photovoltaic thermal device 2 into a high-temperature and high-pressure gas, thereby achieving more efficient heat transfer in the heat exchange component 31. This process improves the efficiency of heat exchange, so that the heat absorbed by the heat sink 1 and the photovoltaic thermal device 2 can be quickly and effectively recovered. At the same time, the addition of the compressor 32 enables the heat recovery device 3 to better regulate the pressure and temperature of the refrigerant during operation, thereby improving the working performance of the heat sink 1 and the photovoltaic thermal device 2, and ensuring that they still maintain efficient operation under different load conditions.

[0039] Optionally, the heat absorbed by the heat exchange component 31 includes waste heat generated by electronic equipment in the data center, heat generated by photovoltaic equipment under sunlight, and power consumption of the compressor 32 .

[0040] The power consumption of the compressor 32 refers to the power consumed by the compressor 32 to compress the refrigerant during operation, during which a certain amount of heat is released. The heat exchange component 31 can absorb this heat to further enhance the recovery efficiency of heat energy.

[0041] Specifically, Figure 1 As shown, the heat recovery device 3 also includes: a capillary assembly 33, the input end of the capillary assembly 33 is connected to the output end of the heat exchange assembly 31, and the output end of the capillary assembly 33 is respectively connected to the input end of the heat dissipation device 1 and the input end of the photovoltaic thermal device 2; the capillary assembly 33 is used to adiabatically throttle the refrigerant flowing out of the output end of the heat exchange assembly 31. With such a structural setting, the capillary assembly 33 can be set to adiabatically throttle the refrigerant flowing out of the heat exchange assembly 31, thereby reducing the pressure of the refrigerant and further reducing the temperature of the refrigerant, so that the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant enters the heat dissipation device 1 and the photovoltaic thermal device 2, and can quickly and effectively take away the heat of the cooled medium or other heat sources, thereby achieving more efficient refrigeration and heat exchange. In addition, the throttling effect of the capillary assembly 33 helps to maintain the stability of the flow and pressure of the refrigerant, enhance the operational reliability of the entire system, and reduce possible failures.

[0042] Among them, adiabatic throttling refers to the process of allowing a fluid (such as a refrigerant) to flow from a high-pressure area to a low-pressure area through a narrow channel (such as a capillary tube) without exchanging heat with the outside world during this process.

[0043] Further, the output end of the capillary tube assembly 33 forms the output end of the heat recovery device 3 .

[0044] Specifically, Figure 1As shown, the composite system also includes: a first confluence valve 4, which is respectively connected to the input end of the heat recovery device 3, the output end of the heat dissipation device 1 and the output end of the photovoltaic thermal device 2, and the first confluence valve 4 is used to adjust the flow rate and pressure of the refrigerant after absorbing heat flowing out of the output end of the heat dissipation device 1 and / or the refrigerant after absorbing heat flowing out of the output end of the photovoltaic thermal device 2. With such a structural setting, by setting the first confluence valve 4, the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing out of the heat dissipation device 1 and / or the photovoltaic thermal device 2 can be adjusted to ensure that the heat recovery device 3 receives a suitable amount of fluid. This helps to optimize the operation of the system and avoid problems caused by excessive or insufficient flow. At the same time, the first confluence valve 4 can also adjust the pressure of the refrigerant flowing out of the heat dissipation device 1 and / or the photovoltaic thermal device 2 to ensure that the pressure of the refrigerant entering the heat recovery device 3 is stable. This helps to improve the working efficiency and stability of the heat recovery device 3. By reasonably converging and adjusting the flow rate and pressure of the refrigerant, the first confluence valve 4 helps to improve the overall energy efficiency of the system and ensure that the heat recovery device 3 can efficiently recover and utilize the heat in the refrigerant. In addition, the first confluence valve 4 can also effectively gather refrigerants from different heat sources, thereby maximizing the utilization of available heat and improving the overall heat recovery efficiency. At the same time, converging refrigerants from multiple heat sources to one valve can make the system more compact, reduce pipeline connections, and simplify engineering design and maintenance. In addition, by centrally controlling the refrigerant flowing into the heat recovery device 3, it helps to improve the stability of system operation, effectively avoid potential problems caused by uneven flow, and reduce the possibility of failure.

[0045] Optionally, the heat recovery device 3 is a first heat pump.

[0046] Specifically, Figure 1 As shown, the composite system also includes: a first flow regulating valve 5, which is arranged between the output end of the heat recovery device 3 and the input end of the photovoltaic thermal device 2, and the output end of the heat recovery device 3 is connected to the input end of the photovoltaic thermal device 2 through the first flow regulating valve 5; the first flow regulating valve 5 is used to adjust the flow of the refrigerant delivered to the photovoltaic thermal device 2. With such a structural setting, the refrigerant flow delivered to the photovoltaic thermal device 2 can be accurately adjusted by setting the first flow regulating valve 5, ensuring that the photovoltaic device works in the best operating state, avoiding the temperature attenuation effect of photovoltaics, and thus improving the thermal energy conversion efficiency. The setting of the first flow regulating valve 5 allows the system to adjust the refrigerant flow in real time according to different load requirements and environmental conditions, thereby enhancing the responsiveness of the system and ensuring that the energy supply matches the actual demand. At the same time, by effectively controlling the flow, the first flow regulating valve 5 can reduce energy consumption, avoid unnecessary heat loss, and thus improve the energy efficiency and economy of the overall system. And appropriate flow regulation can avoid equipment overload, reduce the risk of equipment damage caused by abnormal refrigerant flow, and improve the safety of system operation.

[0047] Optionally, the first flow regulating valve 5 is disposed between the output end of the capillary assembly 33 and the input end of the photovoltaic thermal device 2 , and the output end of the capillary assembly 33 is connected to the input end of the photovoltaic thermal device 2 through the first flow regulating valve 5 .

[0048] Specifically, Figure 1 As shown, the composite system also includes: a second flow regulating valve 6, which is arranged between the output end of the heat recovery device 3 and the input end of the heat dissipation device 1, and the output end of the heat recovery device 3 is connected to the input end of the heat dissipation device 1 through the second flow regulating valve 6; the second flow regulating valve 6 is used to adjust the flow of the refrigerant delivered to the heat dissipation device 1. With such a structural arrangement, the flow of the refrigerant delivered to the heat dissipation device 1 can be adjusted by setting the second flow regulating valve 6, so as to ensure that the heat dissipation device can always obtain the required amount of coolant under different working conditions, give full play to its heat dissipation capacity, thereby ensuring that the electronic equipment in the data center is completely cooled and the system is in an efficient operating state. By adjusting the refrigerant flow flowing into the heat dissipation device 1, the stable operation of the system can be maintained, and the impact of flow fluctuations on equipment performance can be reduced, thereby improving the reliability of the overall system. In addition, through effective flow management, energy waste can be reduced, ensuring that the heat dissipation device 1 obtains the best cooling effect, thereby improving the energy efficiency utilization rate of the system and reducing operating costs.

[0049] Optionally, the second flow regulating valve 6 is disposed between the output end of the capillary tube assembly 33 and the input end of the heat dissipation device 1 , and the output end of the capillary tube assembly 33 is connected to the input end of the heat dissipation device 1 through the second flow regulating valve 6 .

[0050] Optionally, the first flow regulating valve 5 and the second flow regulating valve 6 are arranged in parallel, and the second flow regulating valve 6 and the first flow regulating valve 5 work together to optimize the distribution and use of the overall fluid, making the composite system more flexible and efficient in operation.

[0051] Specifically, Figure 1As shown, the composite system also includes: a three-way reversing valve 7, the first end of the three-way reversing valve 7 is connected to the output end of the heat dissipation device 1, the second end of the three-way reversing valve 7 is connected to the input end of the heat recovery device 3, and the third end of the three-way reversing valve 7 is connected to the input end of the photovoltaic thermal device 2; the three-way reversing valve 7 is used to switch the flow path of the refrigerant after absorbing heat flowing out of the output end of the heat dissipation device 1. With such a structural setting, by setting the three-way reversing valve 7, the flow path of the refrigerant after absorbing heat flowing out of the output end of the heat dissipation device 1 can be flexibly switched, so that the refrigerant after absorbing heat flowing out of the output end of the heat dissipation device 1 directly flows into the input end of the heat recovery device 3, or flows into the input end of the photovoltaic thermal device 2. Then, it can be switched according to the actual situation, so as to effectively avoid the risk of frost or ice formation in the photovoltaic thermal device 2 at low temperature (winter), and enhance its environmental adaptability. At the same time, under low temperature conditions, adjusting the flow direction of the refrigerant can effectively use the waste heat generated by the electronic equipment in the data center to heat the photovoltaic thermal device 2, so that its surface temperature can be increased, thereby preventing frost and ice formation. This regulation method maintains the working performance and efficiency of photovoltaic equipment, improves energy utilization, and reduces operating costs.

[0052] Specifically, the composite system further includes: a control device, the control device is connected to the three-way reversing valve 7, and the control device is used to obtain the current surface temperature of the photovoltaic panel of the photovoltaic thermal device 2, so as to control the action of the three-way reversing valve 7 according to the current surface temperature; wherein, when the current surface temperature is greater than the preset temperature value, the control device controls the first end of the three-way reversing valve 7 to communicate with the second end of the three-way reversing valve 7, so that the refrigerant after absorbing heat flowing out of the output end of the heat dissipation device 1 flows to the input end of the heat recovery device 3; when the current surface temperature is less than or equal to the preset temperature value, the control device controls the first end of the three-way reversing valve 7 to communicate with the third end of the three-way reversing valve 7, so that the refrigerant after absorbing heat flowing out of the output end of the heat dissipation device 1 flows to the input end of the photovoltaic thermal device 2. With such a structural setting, the surface temperature of the photovoltaic panel of the photovoltaic thermal device 2 is monitored in real time by the control device, and the state of the three-way reversing valve 7 is automatically adjusted according to the current temperature. This automatic adjustment can ensure that the photovoltaic thermal device 2 can obtain the best working conditions under different temperature environments, thereby improving the intelligence level of the system. When the surface temperature of the photovoltaic panel of the photovoltaic thermal device 2 is lower than the preset value, the control device directs the refrigerant to the photovoltaic thermal device 2 to heat the surface of the photovoltaic panel of the photovoltaic thermal device 2, effectively preventing frost and ice, thereby maintaining the working efficiency of the photovoltaic thermal device 2. When the temperature is appropriate, the system can also switch to the heat recovery device 3 to reduce energy consumption. By adjusting the flow direction of the refrigerant, the system can flexibly allocate thermal energy according to the real-time temperature to ensure that heat is maximized even in low temperature weather, which not only improves the thermal conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic thermal device 2, but also improves the overall energy utilization efficiency. In addition, since the control device can automatically handle the adjustment requirements caused by temperature changes, the need for human intervention and monitoring is reduced, the maintenance cost of the equipment is reduced, and the operability and reliability of the system are improved.

[0053] The above-mentioned preset value usually refers to a specific standard temperature value or parameter set in system design or operation, which is used for automatic control and decision-making. When the current surface temperature of the photovoltaic panel of the photovoltaic thermal module is compared with this preset value, the system will decide how to adjust the refrigerant flow direction according to whether the temperature is higher or lower than this preset value.

[0054] Optionally, the preset value is set to 0°C.

[0055] Furthermore, the control device is also connected to the first flow regulating valve 5 and the second flow regulating valve 6 to adjust the opening of the first flow regulating valve 5 and the second flow regulating valve 6 .

[0056] Further, when the current surface temperature is less than or equal to the preset temperature value, the control device controls the first end of the three-way reversing valve 7 to be connected with the second end of the three-way reversing valve 7 , while reducing the opening of the second flow regulating valve 6 .

[0057] Optionally, when the current surface temperature is less than or equal to a preset temperature value, the control device controls the first end of the three-way reversing valve 7 to be connected to the second end of the three-way reversing valve 7, and at the same time, the control device adjusts the opening of the second flow regulating valve 6 to 0, thereby preventing the cooled refrigerant from flowing into the photovoltaic thermal device 2.

[0058] Furthermore, the third end of the three-way reversing valve 7 is located between the first flow regulating valve 5 and the input end of the photovoltaic thermal device 2 .

[0059] Specifically, Figure 1 As shown, the output end of the heat dissipation device 1 can be connected to the input end of the photovoltaic thermal device 2 in an on-off manner; the composite system also includes: a second confluence valve 8, the first end of the second confluence valve 8 can be connected to the output end of the heat dissipation device 1 in an on-off manner, the second end of the second confluence valve 8 is connected to the input end of the photovoltaic thermal device 2, and the output end of the heat dissipation device 1 can be connected to the input end of the photovoltaic thermal device 2 through the second confluence valve 8; the third end of the second confluence valve 8 is connected to the output end of the heat recovery device 3; the second confluence valve 8 is used to adjust the flow rate and pressure of the refrigerant after absorbing heat flowing out of the output end of the heat dissipation device 1 and / or the refrigerant flowing out of the output end of the heat recovery device 3. With such a structural setting, by setting the second confluence valve 8, the flow rate and pressure of the refrigerant flowing out of the heat dissipation device 1 and / or the heat recovery device 3 can be accurately adjusted to ensure that the refrigerant circulates efficiently between the various components. This helps to improve the overall energy efficiency of the system and reduce energy loss. By adjusting the refrigerant flow and pressure flowing into the photovoltaic thermal device 2 through the second confluence valve 8, the temperature of the photovoltaic module can be better controlled to avoid the decrease in efficiency caused by high temperature. This helps to keep the photovoltaic module within the optimal operating temperature range and improve the power conversion efficiency. At the same time, the second confluence valve 8 can help optimize the operation of the system and avoid problems caused by excessive or insufficient flow.

[0060] Furthermore, the third end of the three-way reversing valve 7 is connected to the first end of the second confluence valve 8, thereby realizing the on-off connection between the output end of the heat dissipation device 1 and the input end of the photovoltaic thermal device 2. The third end of the second confluence valve 8 is connected to the output end of the heat recovery device 3 through the first flow regulating valve 5.

[0061] In this embodiment, Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the composite system also includes: a conveying device 9, which is connected to the heat recovery device 3 and the end user 200 respectively, and the conveying device 9 is used to convey the heat recovered by the heat recovery device 3 to the end user 200. With such a structural setting, by setting the conveying device 9, the heat recovered by the heat recovery device 3 can be conveyed to the end user 200. This allows the heat to be distributed over a larger geographical range, expanding the application range of the system. And it can improve the overall energy utilization efficiency. This not only reduces energy waste, but also improves the economy of the system. And it can effectively reduce energy consumption, help reduce the carbon emissions of the system, and meet the requirements of green environmental protection. In addition, it can also provide low-cost heat supply for end users, reduce users' energy costs, and create economic benefits. And the waste heat generated by photovoltaic equipment and data centers is converted into useful heat required by customers. Compared with traditional photovoltaic power generation systems, the energy utilization efficiency of solar energy can be increased by two to three times, significantly reducing the comprehensive energy consumption of data centers.

[0062] Since the construction area of ​​the data center is generally far away from the heat-using area, and the waste heat generated by photovoltaic equipment and data centers is usually low-grade (i.e., heat with a lower temperature), it is difficult to effectively utilize it with traditional methods. Through the heat recovery device 3, these low-grade waste heat can be efficiently collected and converted. And through the transmission device 9 as an intermediate transmission medium, the recovered heat can be transported to the end user 200 over a long distance, expanding the application range of the system.

[0063] Optionally, the end user 200 refers to a customer with heat demand, such as heating, hot water, drying, etc. The end user can be visualized according to different usage scenarios.

[0064] Specifically, Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the conveying device 9 includes: at least one heat absorption component 91, a heat absorption component 91 close to the heat recovery device 3 in at least one heat absorption component 91 is connected to the heat recovery device 3, and a heat absorption component 91 close to the end user 200 in at least one heat absorption component 91 is connected to the end user 200; each heat absorption component 91 is connected in sequence to form a continuous conveying path; the heat recovery device 3 can convey the recovered heat to the end user 200 through at least one heat absorption component 91. With such a structural setting, the heat recovered from the heat recovery device 3 can be efficiently collected by setting the heat absorption component 91. And by connecting multiple heat absorption components 91 in sequence to form a continuous conveying path, the system can realize long-distance heat transmission. This is particularly important when the data center is far away from the end user, thereby expanding the application range of the system and meeting the needs of users in different geographical locations. At the same time, the design of the heat absorption component 91 promotes the effective collection and transmission of heat, which can significantly improve the overall energy utilization efficiency of the system. By timely delivering the collected heat to the end user, the potential of solar energy and waste heat can be maximized. Furthermore, by delivering the recovered heat to users who actually have heat demand (such as heating, hot water, drying, etc.), the dependence on traditional energy is reduced, the energy costs of users are reduced, and economic benefits are improved. In addition, each heat absorption component 91 is connected in sequence, which can reduce the dissipation of fire accumulation, so that it can still maintain a high COP during long-distance heat transmission. Furthermore, the entire system can reduce energy waste and carbon emissions by collecting and effectively utilizing waste heat, which is in line with the green environmental protection concept of sustainable development. This design helps meet the current needs of environmental protection and promotes the use of renewable energy.

[0065] Optionally, the heat absorption component 91 is a second heat pump. The conveying device 9 includes at least one second heat pump.

[0066] Optionally, the conveying device 9 includes N-stage heat pump components, the evaporator of the first-stage second heat pump is connected to the heat exchange component 31 (condenser) of the heat recovery device 3 (set in series); then the condenser of the second heat pump of the previous stage is connected to the evaporator of the second heat pump of the next stage. This multi-stage series connection of heat pumps can solve the problem of flow mismatch during heat transfer of heat pumps, improve the transmission heat, and efficiently transfer heat. And through experiments, it is found that the COP of the system can reach more than 7. Among them, N≥1.

[0067] Optionally, the number of second heat pumps in series can be calculated by a relevant formula, so as to ensure that each stage of the second heat pump can provide a preset temperature difference, for example, each stage of the second heat pump can provide a temperature difference of 1.5 to 2°C.

[0068] Optionally, the number of second heat pumps in series is specifically determined based on the total fluid temperature of the refrigerant fluid temperature after heat exchange with the chip and the refrigerant fluid temperature that absorbs the heat generated by the photovoltaic device under sunlight, the output temperature of the last stage of the second heat pump, and the preset temperature difference. For example: the total fluid temperature of the refrigerant fluid temperature after heat exchange with the chip and the refrigerant fluid temperature that absorbs the heat generated by the photovoltaic device under sunlight is 40°C, the heat source output temperature of the last stage of the second heat pump is 60°C, and the temperature difference is increased by 2°C at each stage, then a total of 10 heat pumps need to be connected in series, and the 10 heat pumps include 1 first heat pump (i.e., heat recovery device 3) and 9 second heat pumps (heat absorption components 91).

[0069] Specifically, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the conveying device 9 further includes: a heat exchange component 92, the heat exchange component 92 is respectively connected to a heat absorption component 91 close to the end user 200 in at least one heat absorption component 91 and the end user 200, and the heat absorption component 91 close to the end user 200 in at least one heat absorption component 91 is connected to the end user 200 through the heat exchange component 92; the heat absorbed by the heat absorption component 91 close to the end user 200 in at least one heat absorption component 91 is conveyed to the end user 200 through the heat exchange component 92. With such a structural setting, the heat collected by the heat absorption component 91 can be effectively transferred to the end user 200 by setting the heat exchange component 92. This process ensures the rapid transfer of thermal energy, reduces the loss of energy during the transmission process, and improves the thermal efficiency of the overall system.

[0070] Optionally, the heat exchange component 92 is an absorption heat exchanger.

[0071] Optionally, the working process of the composite system based on photovoltaic thermal energy and data center heat dissipation coupling is: When the current surface temperature of the photovoltaic panel of the photovoltaic thermal device 2 is greater than 0°C, the control device controls the first end of the three-way reversing valve 7 to communicate with the second end of the three-way reversing valve 7, and the refrigerant after absorbing heat flowing out of the output end of the heat dissipation device 1 and the refrigerant after absorbing heat of the photovoltaic thermal device 2 both flow to the first confluence valve 4, and then flow to the compressor 32 after being merged at the first confluence valve 4. The compressor 32 converts the refrigerant into a high-temperature and high-pressure gas (i.e., after compressing the refrigerant), and then delivers it to the heat exchange component 31. The heat exchange component 31 performs heat exchange with the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant, and changes the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant into a liquid state through heat exchange, thereby reducing the temperature of the refrigerant. The cooled refrigerant flows to the capillary assembly 33, and then the refrigerant that passes through the adiabatic throttling of the capillary assembly 33 flows to the first flow regulating valve 5 and the second flow regulating valve 6 respectively. Finally, the refrigerant that passes through the first flow regulating valve 5 flows into the photovoltaic thermal device 2 through the second confluence valve 8 and flows into the heat dissipation device 1 through the second flow regulating valve 6. The opening of the first flow regulating valve 5 and the opening of the second flow regulating valve 6 are adjusted according to the actual situation. At the same time, the heat absorbed by the heat exchange component 31 is heat exchanged with the heat absorption component 91 connected thereto, and then the heat is exchanged with the next heat absorption component 91 until the heat exchange is completed with the last heat absorption component 91. Then the last heat absorption component 91 is transported to the end user 200 through the heat exchange component 92.

[0072] When the current surface temperature of the photovoltaic panel of the photovoltaic thermal device 2 is greater than 0°C, the control device controls the first end of the three-way reversing valve 7 to be connected to the third end of the three-way reversing valve 7, and at the same time, adjusts the opening of the first flow regulating valve 5 to 0. The refrigerant that has absorbed heat and flows out from the output end of the heat dissipation device 1 flows into the photovoltaic thermal device 2 through the second confluence valve 8, and then flows out from the output end of the photovoltaic thermal device 2 and flows to the first confluence valve 4, and then flows to the compressor 32. The compressor 32 converts the refrigerant into a high-temperature and high-pressure gas (that is, after compressing the refrigerant), and then transports it to the heat exchange component 31. The heat exchange component 31 performs heat exchange with the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant, and converts the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant into a liquid through heat exchange, thereby reducing the temperature of the refrigerant. The cooled refrigerant flows to the capillary assembly 33, and then the refrigerant that passes through the adiabatic throttling of the capillary assembly 33 flows to the first flow regulating valve 5 and / or the second flow regulating valve 6, and finally the refrigerant that passes through the first flow regulating valve 5 flows through the second confluence valve 8 to the photovoltaic thermal device 2 and flows through the second flow regulating valve 6 to the heat dissipation device 1. Among them, the opening of the first flow regulating valve 5 and the opening of the second flow regulating valve 6 are adjusted according to actual conditions. At the same time, the heat absorbed by the heat exchange component 31 exchanges heat with the heat absorption component 91 connected thereto, and then after the heat exchange, it passes through the next heat absorption component 91 until the heat exchange with the last heat absorption component 91 is completed. Then the last heat absorption component 91 is transported to the end user 200 through the heat exchange component 92.

[0073] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchangeable when appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any of their variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0074] Optionally, the specific examples in this embodiment may refer to the examples described in the above embodiments, and this embodiment will not be described in detail here.

[0075] The serial numbers of the above-mentioned embodiments of the present application are for description only and do not represent the advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments.

[0076] In the above embodiments of the present application, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant description of other embodiments.

[0077] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present application. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A composite system based on photovoltaic thermal energy and data center heat dissipation coupling, characterized in that: include: A heat dissipation device (1) for dissipating heat from electronic equipment in the data center (100); A photovoltaic thermal device (2) for cooling the photovoltaic equipment; A heat recovery device (3), wherein the input end of the heat recovery device (3) is respectively connected to the output end of the heat dissipation device (1) and the output end of the photovoltaic thermal device (2); the output end of the heat recovery device (3) is respectively connected to the input end of the heat dissipation device (1) and the input end of the photovoltaic thermal device (2); the refrigerant after absorbing heat in the heat dissipation device (1) and the photovoltaic thermal device (2) flows into the heat recovery device (3) through the input end of the heat recovery device (3); the heat recovery device (3) is used to recover the heat in the refrigerant and cool the refrigerant by recovering the heat in the refrigerant; the cooled refrigerant flows into the photovoltaic thermal device (2) and the heat dissipation device (1) through the output end of the heat recovery device (3).

2. The composite system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat recovery device (3) comprises: a heat exchange component (31), wherein the input end of the heat exchange component (31) is respectively connected to the output end of the heat dissipation device (1) and the output end of the photovoltaic thermal device (2), and the output end of the heat exchange component (31) is respectively connected to the input end of the heat dissipation device (1) and the input end of the photovoltaic thermal device (2); the refrigerant after absorbing heat in the heat dissipation device (1) and the photovoltaic thermal device (2) enters the heat exchange component (31) through the input end of the heat exchange component (31); the heat exchange component (31) is used to absorb heat from the refrigerant and cool the refrigerant by absorbing heat from the refrigerant; the cooled refrigerant flows into the photovoltaic thermal device (2) and the heat dissipation device (1) through the output end of the heat exchange component (31).

3. The composite system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The heat recovery device (3) further comprises: a compressor (32), wherein the input end of the compressor (32) forms the input end of the heat recovery device (3); the output end of the compressor (32) is connected to the input end of the heat exchange component (31); the output end of the heat dissipation device (1) and the output end of the photovoltaic thermal device (2) are both connected to the input end of the heat exchange component (31) through the compressor (32); and the compressor (32) is used to compress the refrigerant.

4. The composite system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The heat recovery device (3) further comprises: a capillary tube assembly (33); the input end of the capillary tube assembly (33) is connected to the output end of the heat exchange assembly (31); the output end of the capillary tube assembly (33) is respectively connected to the input end of the heat dissipation device (1) and the input end of the photovoltaic thermal device (2); the capillary tube assembly (33) is used to adiabatically throttle the refrigerant flowing out of the output end of the heat exchange assembly (31).

5. The composite system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composite system further comprises: a first confluence valve (4), the first confluence valve (4) being respectively connected to the input end of the heat recovery device (3), the output end of the heat dissipation device (1) and the output end of the photovoltaic thermal device (2), the first confluence valve (4) being used to adjust the flow rate and pressure of the refrigerant after absorbing heat flowing out of the output end of the heat dissipation device (1) and / or the refrigerant after absorbing heat flowing out of the output end of the photovoltaic thermal device (2).

6. The composite system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composite system further comprises: a first flow regulating valve (5), wherein the first flow regulating valve (5) is arranged between the output end of the heat recovery device (3) and the input end of the photovoltaic thermal device (2), and the output end of the heat recovery device (3) is connected to the input end of the photovoltaic thermal device (2) through the first flow regulating valve (5); the first flow regulating valve (5) is used to regulate the flow of the refrigerant delivered to the photovoltaic thermal device (2).

7. The composite system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composite system further comprises: a second flow regulating valve (6), wherein the second flow regulating valve (6) is arranged between the output end of the heat recovery device (3) and the input end of the heat dissipation device (1), and the output end of the heat recovery device (3) is connected to the input end of the heat dissipation device (1) through the second flow regulating valve (6); the second flow regulating valve (6) is used to regulate the flow of the refrigerant delivered to the heat dissipation device (1).

8. The composite system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composite system further comprises: a three-way reversing valve (7), wherein a first end of the three-way reversing valve (7) is connected to an output end of the heat dissipation device (1), a second end of the three-way reversing valve (7) is connected to an input end of the heat recovery device (3), and a third end of the three-way reversing valve (7) is connected to an input end of the photovoltaic thermal device (2); the three-way reversing valve (7) is used to switch the flow path of the refrigerant after absorbing heat and flowing out from the output end of the heat dissipation device (1).

9. The composite system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The composite system further comprises: a control device, the control device being connected to the three-way reversing valve (7), the control device being used to obtain the current surface temperature of the photovoltaic panel of the photovoltaic thermal device (2) so as to control the action of the three-way reversing valve (7) according to the current surface temperature; Wherein, when the current surface temperature is greater than a preset temperature value, the control device controls the first end of the three-way reversing valve (7) to be connected with the second end of the three-way reversing valve (7), so that the refrigerant after absorbing heat flowing out from the output end of the heat dissipation device (1) flows to the input end of the heat recovery device (3); when the current surface temperature is less than or equal to the preset temperature value, the control device controls the first end of the three-way reversing valve (7) to be connected with the third end of the three-way reversing valve (7), so that the refrigerant after absorbing heat flowing out from the output end of the heat dissipation device (1) flows to the input end of the photovoltaic thermal device (2).

10. The composite system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output end of the heat dissipation device (1) is connected to the input end of the photovoltaic thermal device (2) in an on-off manner; The composite system further comprises: a second confluence valve (8), wherein a first end of the second confluence valve (8) is connected to an output end of the heat dissipation device (1) in an on-off manner, a second end of the second confluence valve (8) is connected to an input end of the photovoltaic thermal device (2), and the output end of the heat dissipation device (1) is connected to an input end of the photovoltaic thermal device (2) in an on-off manner through the second confluence valve (8); a third end of the second confluence valve (8) is connected to an output end of the heat recovery device (3); and the second confluence valve (8) is used to adjust the flow rate or pressure of the refrigerant after absorbing heat flowing out of the output end of the heat dissipation device (1) and / or the refrigerant flowing out of the output end of the heat recovery device (3).

11. The composite system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composite system further comprises: a transport device (9), the transport device (9) being connected to the heat recovery device (3) and the end user (200) respectively, the transport device (9) being used to transport the heat recovered by the heat recovery device (3) to the end user (200).

12. The composite system according to claim 11, characterized in that: The transport device (9) comprises: at least one heat absorption component (91); one of the at least one heat absorption component (91) close to the heat recovery device (3) is connected to the heat recovery device (3); and one of the at least one heat absorption component (91) close to the end user (200) is connected to the end user (200); each of the heat absorption components (91) is connected in sequence to form a continuous transport path; the heat recovery device (3) transports the recovered heat to the end user (200) through at least one of the heat absorption components (91).

13. The composite system according to claim 12, characterized in that: The transport device (9) further comprises: a heat exchange component (92), wherein the heat exchange component (92) is respectively connected to a heat absorption component (91) of at least one heat absorption component (91) close to the end user (200) and the end user (200); the heat absorption component (91) of at least one heat absorption component (91) close to the end user (200) is connected to the end user (200) via the heat exchange component (92); and the heat absorbed by the heat absorption component (91) of at least one heat absorption component (91) close to the end user (200) is transported to the end user (200) via the heat exchange component (92).

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