A cabbage harvesting device

Abstract

The application discloses a cabbage harvesting device, which comprises a double-spiral pulling mechanism, a poking mechanism, a rack, a floating clamping and conveying mechanism, a double-disc root cutting mechanism and a root clamping limiting mechanism; the double-spiral pulling mechanism is installed below the front part of the rack, and the poking mechanism is located above the double-spiral pulling mechanism; the floating clamping and conveying mechanism is located behind the poking mechanism, the root clamping limiting mechanism is located below the floating clamping and conveying mechanism, and the double-disc root cutting mechanism is installed on the rack and located below and behind the root clamping limiting mechanism; the double-spiral pulling mechanism is used for pulling cabbages, the poking mechanism is used for assisting the cabbages to enter the floating clamping and conveying mechanism, the floating clamping and conveying mechanism is used for conveying the pulled cabbages backward, the root clamping limiting mechanism is used for holding the cabbage receptacles, and the double-disc root cutting mechanism is used for cutting off the roots of the cabbages clamped by the floating clamping and conveying mechanism and the root clamping limiting mechanism. The application reduces the damage of the cabbages in the harvesting process and improves the adaptability of the harvesting device to different cabbage varieties.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a cabbage harvesting device. BACKGROUND

[0002] Cabbage is a main cultivated crop of vegetables in China, and is planted in most regions of China all year round, with a wide cultivation area and a large yield. At present, the cabbage is mainly harvested manually, and the labor cost accounts for about 50% of the production cost. The existing cabbage harvesting machines mainly adopt two schemes of top pressing and pulling roller harvesting, and adopt a shovel pulling device or a double helix pulling device to complete the pulling work of the cabbage. A conveying belt clamps the cabbage or a top pressing device presses the cabbage, and the root cutting work of the cabbage is completed on this basis.

[0003] The existing cabbage harvesting machines have the following disadvantages:

[0004] 1. The cabbage posture changes in the processes of pulling failure of the pulling device, posture change when entering the clamping device, posture change in the clamping process of the conveying belt, and clamping and root cutting of the conveying belt, and the existing cabbage harvesting machine lacks a subsequent posture adjusting device, thereby causing damage to the cabbage root cutting; 2. Most cabbage harvesting machines are designed only for individual varieties, and have few adjustable structures, and are difficult to adapt to the harvesting requirements of different cabbages. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the above technical problems, the present application provides a cabbage harvesting device, which reduces the damage of the cabbage in harvesting and improves the adaptability of the harvesting device to different cabbage varieties.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is as follows:

[0007] A cabbage harvesting device, comprising a double helix pulling mechanism, a weeding mechanism, a rack, a floating clamping conveying mechanism, a double disc root cutting mechanism and a root clamping limiting mechanism;

[0008] The double helix pulling mechanism is installed below the front part of the rack, the weeding mechanism is installed above the double helix pulling mechanism at the front part of the rack, the floating clamping conveying mechanism is installed behind the weeding mechanism on the rack, the root clamping limiting mechanism is installed below the floating clamping conveying mechanism on the rack, and the double disc root cutting mechanism is installed below and behind the root clamping limiting mechanism on the rack.

[0009] The double helix pulling mechanism is used for pulling the cabbage, the weeding mechanism is used for assisting the cabbage to enter the floating clamping conveying mechanism, the floating clamping conveying mechanism is used for conveying the pulled cabbage backward, the root clamping limiting mechanism is used for holding the cabbage receptacle, and the double disc root cutting mechanism is used for cutting off the root of the cabbage clamped by the floating clamping conveying mechanism and the root clamping limiting mechanism.

[0010] The double spiral pulling mechanism comprises a pulling roller, a bearing seat, an L-shaped mounting plate, a mounting plate, a parallel shaft reduction motor and a plum blossom shaft coupling.

[0011] The pulling rollers are arranged in pairs, the parallel shaft reduction motor is connected with the shaft at the rear end of the pulling roller through the plum blossom shaft coupling, and the shaft at the rear end of the pulling roller is installed in the bearing seat; the bearing seat is installed on the L-shaped mounting plate, the L-shaped mounting plate is provided with a long circular groove, the bearing seat is connected with the long circular groove through bolts, the relative installation position of the bearing seat and the L-shaped mounting plate can be changed by adjusting the position of the bearing seat connected with the long circular groove, the position between the two pulling rollers is adjusted, and different sizes of cabbages are adapted; the L-shaped mounting plate and the mounting plate each have two long circular grooves arranged vertically on the side surfaces, the long circular groves are connected through bolts, the relative installation position of the L-shaped mounting plate and the mounting plate in the up-down direction can be changed through the long circular grooves, and the height of the pulling roller from the ground is adjusted; when in use, the distance between the two pulling rollers needs to be adjusted according to the size of the harvested cabbages, so that cabbages of different sizes can be smoothly pulled by the pulling rollers.

[0012] The pulling mechanism comprises a pulling plate, an L-shaped reduction motor, a pulling wheel, a first mounting frame, a second mounting frame, a floating mounting plate and a bearing seat.

[0013] The pulling wheel is provided with a first rotating shaft in the middle, one end of the first rotating shaft is connected with the output shaft of the L-shaped reduction motor, and the other end is installed on the bearing seat; the L-shaped reduction motor and the bearing seat are installed on the two sides of the front end of the first mounting frame; the rear end of the first mounting frame is slidably sleeved in one end of the second mounting frame, and the front-rear position can be adjusted by tightening the screws; the other end of the second mounting frame is installed on one end of the floating mounting plate through a pin, and the other end of the floating mounting plate is installed on the harvesting part connecting frame of the rack.

[0014] Further, a plurality of pairs of through holes are arranged along the edge of one end of the floating mounting plate, and the other end of the second mounting frame is selectively installed on the through holes of the floating mounting plate through a pin; the hole position of the second mounting frame on the floating mounting plate is adjusted, so that the lowest point of the pulling plate can be close to the lower end surface of the conveying belt.

[0015] Further, the rack comprises a harvesting part connecting frame, a second rotating shaft, a horizontal outer spherical bearing seat and a control part connecting frame; the two ends of the second rotating shaft are respectively installed in two horizontal outer spherical bearing seats, the horizontal outer spherical bearing seats are installed on the control part connecting frame, and the harvesting part connecting frame is installed on the second rotating shaft through a U-shaped bolt; the double spiral pulling mechanism, the pulling mechanism, the rack, the floating clamping conveying mechanism, the double disc root cutting mechanism and the root clamping limiting mechanism are respectively installed on the harvesting part connecting frame.

[0016] The floating clamping conveying mechanism comprises two symmetrically arranged floating clamping conveying units, each of which comprises a conveying belt, a tensioning arm assembly, an L-shaped speed reducer motor, a driving roller mounting seat, a threaded rod, a spring fixing plate, a driven roller and a driving roller.

[0017] The L-shaped speed reducer motor is mounted on the driving roller mounting seat and connected with the driving roller to drive the driving roller to rotate.

[0018] The double-disc root cutting mechanism comprises a motor mounting plate, a cutter disc, a flange plate, a bearing seat mounting plate, a transmission device assembly, a first transmission shaft, an elastic key coupling and an arc-tapered right-angle speed reducer motor.

[0019] The two cutter discs are arranged oppositely and partially overlap, the cutter disc is mounted on the flange plate, the flange plate is mounted on the transmission device assembly, and the two transmission device assemblies are respectively mounted on the motor mounting plate and the bearing seat mounting plate.

[0020] Further, the motor mounting plate and the bearing seat mounting plate are respectively provided with a horizontally arranged long circular groove, the flange plate is connected with the transmission device assembly through the long circular grooves on the motor mounting plate and the bearing seat mounting plate, and the overlapping amount of the two cutter discs can be changed by adjusting the position of the flange plate in the long circular groove.

[0021] The root clamping limiting mechanism comprises two symmetrically arranged root clamping limiting units, a root clamping driving wheel mounting plate assembly, a root clamping driving wheel, a double-sided tooth synchronous belt, a rack mounting plate assembly, a guide rod, a root clamping rack assembly, a root clamping floating clamping assembly and a root clamping driven wheel.

[0022] The root clamping driving wheel is installed on the root clamping driving wheel mounting plate assembly, the root clamping floating clamping assembly and the guide rod and the root clamping driven wheel are installed on the root clamping frame assembly, and the double-sided tooth synchronous belt is installed on the root clamping driving wheel and the root clamping driven wheel; the root clamping driving wheel is designed in a tooth shape, the root clamping driving wheel is meshed with the inner side of the double-sided tooth synchronous belt, the root clamping floating clamping assembly is located below the guide rod and in the circle of the double-sided tooth synchronous belt and is in contact with the inner side of the double-sided tooth synchronous belt, the root clamping floating clamping assembly of the two root clamping limiting units enables the opposite outer sides of the two double-sided tooth synchronous belts to be meshed, the two guide rods form a conveying channel, and the guide rods are inclined upward from front to back and form an angle with the double-sided tooth synchronous belt; the root clamping frame assembly is installed on the frame mounting plate assembly, and the frame mounting plate assembly is installed on the frame; a long circular groove is arranged on the L-shaped plate connected with the root clamping frame assembly, the spacing between the two guide rods can be adjusted by adjusting the connection position of the root clamping frame assembly and the long circular groove on the L-shaped plate, so that the size of the channel is changed to adapt to different varieties of cabbage.

[0023] Further, an arc cone right-angle reduction motor is further included.

[0024] The two root clamping driving wheels are connected with the second transmission shaft, one end of the second transmission shaft is connected with the output shaft of the arc cone right-angle reduction motor, and the arc cone right-angle reduction motor drives the two root clamping driving wheels to rotate through the second transmission shaft.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] 1. The present application uses a double-helix pulling mechanism to pull, a floating clamping and conveying mechanism to clamp and convey, and two guide rails of a root clamping limiting mechanism to limit, reduces the damage of cabbage during harvesting, improves the adaptability of the harvesting device to different varieties of cabbage, and effectively solves the problems that the cabbage harvester currently has relatively single varieties and the root cutting device damages the cabbage.

[0027] 2. The front and rear and left and right installation positions of the pulling roller can be adjusted in two degrees of freedom, the floating clamping and conveying mechanism can change the tension and the opening size through a spring, and the spacing of the root clamping limiting mechanism is adjustable, so that the cabbage harvester can adapt to the harvesting of multiple varieties and different sizes of cabbage, thereby having better variety adaptability.

[0028] 3. The double-sided tooth synchronous belt and the guide rod form an angle, and when the cabbage moves backward, it will be pulled downward by the double-sided tooth synchronous belt and tightly adhere to the guide rod, so that the floating amount of the best root cutting position of each cabbage is reduced, and the root cutting effect is better.

[0029] 4. The root clamping limiting mechanism of the present application clamps the cabbage rosette through a pair of meshed double-sided tooth synchronous belts, so that cabbage rosettes of different varieties and sizes are tightly attached to the two guide rods, thereby greatly reducing the deviation of the optimal cutting position of the cabbage and greatly improving the qualified rate of root cutting.

[0030] 5. The present application adopts the mode of synchronous clamping of double-sided tooth synchronous belts and conveying belts, which avoids the problem of posture change during cabbage root cutting, thereby causing root cutting damage, by avoiding the mode of single-sided stress of conveying belts during root cutting. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a cabbage harvesting device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a cabbage harvesting device according to an embodiment of the present application (hidden parts);

[0033] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a double-helix pulling mechanism according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a pulling roller according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a reed mechanism according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a machine frame according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a floating clamping device installed on a harvesting part connecting frame according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 8 is a side view of Figure 7 (hiding the conveying belt);

[0039] Figure 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a double-disc root cutting mechanism according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a root clamping limiting mechanism according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0041] Wherein: 1, double spiral pulling mechanism; 1-1, pulling roller; 1-2, bearing seat; 1-3, L-shaped mounting plate; 1-4, mounting plate; 1-5, parallel shaft reduction motor; 1-6, plum blossom shaft coupling; 2, weeding mechanism; 2-1, weeding plate; 2-2, L-type reduction motor; 2-3, weeding wheel; 2-4, first mounting frame; 2-5, second mounting frame; 2-6, floating mounting plate; 2-7, bearing seat; 3, rack; 3-1, harvesting part connecting frame; 3-2, rotating shaft; 3-3, horizontal outer spherical bearing seat; 3-4, control part connecting frame; 4, floating clamping conveying mechanism; 4-1, conveying belt; 4-2, tensioning arm assembly; 4-3, L-type reduction motor; 4-4, driving roller mounting seat; 4-5, threaded rod; 4-6, spring fixing plate; 4-7, driven roller; 4-8, driving roller; 5, double disc root cutting mechanism; 5-1, motor mounting plate; 5-2, cutter head; 5-3, flange plate; 5-4, bearing seat mounting plate; 5-5, transmission device assembly; 5-6, elastic plum blossom shaft coupling; 5-7, arc cone right-angle reduction motor; 6, clamping root limiting mechanism; 6-1, clamping root driving wheel mounting plate assembly; 6-2, clamping root driving wheel; 6-3, double-sided tooth synchronous belt; 6-4, rack mounting plate assembly; 6-5, guide rod; 6-6, clamping root rack assembly; 6-7, clamping root floating clamping assembly; 6-8, clamping root driven wheel; 6-9, arc cone right-angle reduction motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] Embodiments of the present application are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar components are denoted by the same or similar reference numerals throughout. The embodiments described below by reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present application, and should not be understood as limiting the present application.

[0043] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "front", "back", "left", "right", "up", "down", "axial", "radial", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second" are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0044] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connecting", "connecting", "fixing" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integrally connected; it can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0045] Figure 1 And 2 A specific embodiment of the cabbage harvesting device is shown in the present application, which comprises a double spiral pulling mechanism 1, a sweeping mechanism 2, a rack 3, a floating clamping conveying mechanism 4, a double disc root cutting mechanism 5 and a root clamping limiting mechanism 6.

[0046] The double spiral pulling mechanism 1 is installed below the front of the rack 3, the sweeping mechanism 2 is installed above the double spiral pulling mechanism 1 at the front of the rack 3, the floating clamping conveying mechanism 4 is installed behind the sweeping mechanism 2 on the rack 3, the root clamping limiting mechanism 6 is installed below the floating clamping conveying mechanism 4 on the rack 3, and the double disc root cutting mechanism 5 is installed below and behind the root clamping limiting mechanism 6 on the rack 3. The double spiral pulling mechanism 1 is used to pull the cabbage, the sweeping mechanism 2 is used to help the cabbage enter the floating clamping conveying mechanism 4, the floating clamping conveying mechanism 4 is used to convey the pulled cabbage backward, the root clamping limiting mechanism 6 is used to pull the cabbage that is not completely off the ground and tightly clamp its root, the root clamping limiting mechanism 6 is used to drag the cabbage receptacle, and the double disc root cutting mechanism 5 is used to cut off the root of the cabbage clamped by the floating clamping conveying mechanism 4 and the root clamping limiting mechanism 6.

[0047] The double spiral pulling mechanism 1 is used to right the cabbage and pull it to enter the floating clamping conveying mechanism 4 as much as possible in a proper posture; the sweeping mechanism 2 is used to give the pulled cabbage a backward force to make it enter the floating clamping conveying mechanism 4 smoothly; the floating clamping conveying mechanism 4 is used to convey the pulled cabbage backward, which is beneficial to the subsequent limiting and root cutting operation; the double disc root cutting mechanism 5 is used to pull the cabbage that is not completely off the ground and tightly clamp its root; the root clamping limiting mechanism 6 drags the cabbage receptacle through the meshing double-sided tooth synchronous belt 6-3, so that the cabbage receptacles of different varieties and sizes are tightly attached to the two guide rods 6-5, thereby greatly reducing the deviation of the optimal cutting position of the cabbage and reducing the damage of the cabbage cutting. By changing the installation position of the pulling roller 1-1, the tension and opening size of the floating clamping conveying mechanism 4, and the relative distance of the double guide rods 6-5, the mechanical harvesting operation of cabbages of different varieties and sizes can be adapted, thereby having better variety adaptability.

[0048] AsFigure 3 As shown, the double helix pulling mechanism 1 includes pulling rollers 1-1, bearing seats 1-2, L-shaped mounting plates 1-3, mounting plates 1-4, parallel shaft reduction motors 1-5, and plum blossom couplings 1-6.

[0049] The pulling rollers 1-1 are arranged in pairs, the parallel shaft reduction motors 1-5 are connected to the shafts at the rear ends of the pulling rollers 1-1 through the plum blossom couplings 1-6, the shafts at the rear ends of the pulling rollers 1-1 are installed in the bearing seats 1-2, two double-row roller bearings are arranged in the bearing seats 1-2 to allow the pulling rollers to rotate smoothly, the bearing seats 1-2 are installed on the L-shaped mounting plates 1-3, the L-shaped mounting plates 1-3 are provided with long circular grooves, the bearing seats 1-2 are connected to the long circular grooves through bolts, the relative installation positions of the bearing seats 1-2 and the L-shaped mounting plates 1-3 can be changed by adjusting the positions at which the bearing seats 1-2 are connected to the long circular grooves, the positions between the two pulling rollers 1-1 can be adjusted to adapt to different sizes of cabbages, the L-shaped mounting plates 1-3 and the mounting plates 1-4 are each provided with two long circular grooves on the side surfaces, the L-shaped mounting plates 1-3 and the mounting plates 1-4 are connected through the long circular grooves, the relative installation positions of the L-shaped mounting plates 1-3 and the mounting plates 1-4 in the up-down direction can be changed to adjust the height of the pulling rollers 1-1 from the ground, and the distance between the two pulling rollers 1-1 needs to be adjusted according to the size of the harvested cabbages before use so that cabbages of different sizes can be pulled out smoothly by the pulling rollers 1-1.

[0050] The double helix pulling mechanism appears in pairs, the surface of the pulling roller needs to be polished smooth to reduce friction, the head of the pulling roller is designed as a solid pointed top, so that when the machine walks on the ground, the undulating ridge surface will not be squeezed and other situations to affect the harvesting effect.

[0051] The surface of the pulling roller 1-1 is smooth to reduce friction, the head of the pulling roller 1-1 is a solid cone, so that when the machine walks on the ground, the undulating ridge surface will not be squeezed and other situations to affect the harvesting effect. The lower bottom surface of the pulling roller is flush with the ground when the pulling roller is installed, the openings of the two pulling rollers 1-1 are 20°, as shown in Figure 4 .

[0052] The front-rear and left-right installation positions of the pulling roller 1-1 can be adjusted in two degrees of freedom, the floating clamping and conveying mechanism 4 can change the tension and the opening size through the spring, the distance between the root clamping limiting mechanisms 6 can be adjusted, and the position of the distance cutting knife in the up-down direction can be adjusted, through the adjustment of these mechanisms, the cabbage harvester can adapt to the harvesting of multiple varieties and different sizes of cabbages, thereby having better variety adaptability.

[0053] As shown in Figure 5 , the sweeping mechanism 2 includes sweeping plates 2-1, L-shaped reduction motors 2-2, sweeping wheels 2-3, first mounting racks 2-4, second mounting racks 2-5, floating mounting plates 2-6, and bearing seats 2-7.

[0054] The first rotating shaft is provided in the dethatching reel 2-3, one end of the first rotating shaft is connected with the output shaft of the L-shaped speed reducer motor 2-2, the other end is installed on the bearing seat 2-7, the L-shaped speed reducer motor 2-2 and the bearing seat 2-7 are respectively installed on the two sides of the front end of the first mounting frame 2-4 through bolts, the rear end of the first mounting frame 2-4 is slidably sleeved in one end of the second mounting frame 2-5, and the front and rear positions can be adjusted by tightening the screws; the other end of the second mounting frame 2-5 is installed on one end of the floating mounting plate 2-6 through a pin, and the other end of the floating mounting plate 2-6 is installed on the harvesting part connecting frame 3-1 of the frame 3. The dethatching plate 2-1 uses high-strength and high-elasticity cowhide plate, so that it is not easy to bend during each time of dethatching of the cabbage, and a greater pushing force can be provided. Preferably, the bearing seat 2-7 is a small micro bearing seat.

[0055] The dethatching reel 2-3 is installed at the opening of the floating clamping conveying mechanism 4, when the cabbage is pulled up and about to enter the floating clamping conveying mechanism 4, a backward pushing force is provided, so that the cabbage is prevented from being stuck at the entrance of the floating clamping conveying mechanism 4.

[0056] One end of the floating mounting plate 2-6 is provided with a plurality of pairs of through holes along the edge, and the other end of the second mounting frame 2-5 is selectively installed on the through holes of the floating mounting plate 2-6 through a pin, the hole position of the second mounting frame 2-5 on the floating mounting plate 2-6 is adjusted, so that the lowest point of the dethatching plate 2-1 can be close to the lower end surface of the conveying belt 4-1.

[0057] As shown in the drawings, Figure 6 The frame 3 includes a harvesting part connecting frame 3-1, a second rotating shaft 3-2, a horizontal outer spherical bearing seat 3-3 and a control part connecting frame 3-4, both ends of the second rotating shaft 3-2 are respectively installed in two horizontal outer spherical bearing seats 3-3, the horizontal outer spherical bearing seat 3-3 is installed on the control part connecting frame 3-4 through bolts, and the harvesting part connecting frame 3-1 is installed on the second rotating shaft 3-2 through a U-shaped bolt; the double-spiral pulling mechanism 1, the dethatching mechanism 2, the frame 3, the floating clamping conveying mechanism 4, the double-disc root cutting mechanism 5 and the root clamping limiting mechanism 6 are respectively installed on the harvesting part connecting frame 3-1, and a three-point suspension device of a tractor is needed to change the included angle between the harvesting part and the ground during harvesting, and the included angle between the harvesting part connecting frame 3-1 and the ground is best 20° in an ideal case. The control part connecting frame 3-4 is used for installing subsequent control modules, such as a driver, a switching power supply, a circuit breaker, a voltage reduction module and the like.

[0058] As shown in the drawings, Figure 7 , 8As shown, the floating clamping conveying mechanism 4 includes two symmetrically arranged floating clamping conveying units, each of which includes a conveying belt 4-1, a tensioning arm assembly 4-2, an L-shaped reduction motor 4-3, a driving roller mounting seat 4-4, a threaded rod 4-5, a spring fixing plate 4-6, a driven roller 4-7 and a driving roller 4-8.

[0059] The L-shaped reduction motor 4-3 provides a power source, is bolted to the driving roller mounting seat 4-4 and connected with the driving roller 4-8 to drive the driving roller 4-8 to rotate, the driving roller mounting seat 4-4 and the tensioning arm assembly 4-2 are respectively bolted to the harvesting part connecting frame 3-1 of the rack 3, the driven roller 4-7 is welded to the harvesting part connecting frame 3-1, the conveying belt 4-1 is mounted on the driven roller 4-7 and the driving roller 4-8, the tensioning arm assemblies 4-2 of the two floating clamping conveying units are oppositely arranged on the inner side of the harvesting part connecting frame 3-1 of the rack 3 and respectively contact with the conveying belt 4-1, the spring fixing plate 4-6 is mounted on the threaded rod 4-5, one end of the spring is connected with the tensioning arm assembly 4-2 and the other end is connected with the spring fixing plate 4-6, changing the mounting position of the spring fixing plate 4-6 on the threaded rod 4-5 can change the pre-tightening force of the tensioning arm assembly 4-2 on the conveying belt 4-1, so as to adapt to different varieties of cabbage.

[0060] Preferably, the conveying belt 4-1 adopts 3mm thick PVC diamond pattern, the uneven diamond pattern on the surface makes the cabbage more stable during clamping and avoids slipping.

[0061] As shown in the figure, the double-disc root cutting mechanism 5 includes a motor mounting plate 5-1, a cutter disc 5-2, a flange plate 5-3, a bearing seat mounting plate 5-4, a transmission device assembly 5-5, a first transmission shaft, an elastic key coupling 5-6 and an arc-tapered right-angle reduction motor 5-7. Figure 9 Two cutter discs 5-2 are oppositely and partially overlapped arranged, the cutter disc 5-2 is bolted to the flange plate 5-3, the flange plate 5-3 is mounted on the transmission device assembly 5-5, two transmission device assemblies 5-5 are respectively mounted on the motor mounting plate 5-1 and the bearing seat mounting plate 5-4; two transmission device assemblies 5-5 are respectively connected with the first transmission shaft, one end of the first transmission shaft is connected with the output shaft of the arc-tapered right-angle reduction motor 5-7 through the elastic key coupling 5-6, and the other end is connected with a bearing seat mounted on the bearing seat mounting plate 5-4.

[0062]

[0063] ​The motor mounting plate 5-1 and the bearing seat mounting plate 5-4 are respectively provided with a transversely arranged long circular groove, the flange plate 5-3 is connected with the transmission device assembly 5-5 through the long circular grooves on the motor mounting plate 5-1 and the bearing seat mounting plate 5-4, the position of the flange plate 5-3 in the long circular groove can change the overlapping amount of the two cutter heads 5-2, which is conducive to ensuring that the overlapping amount is larger than the diameter of the cabbage stem, so that the cut-out has no cross section. Preferably, the overlapping amount of the cutter is changed to 20-30mm. Preferably, the first transmission shaft is a hexagonal transmission shaft.

[0064] As shown in Figure 10 The root clamping limiting mechanism 6 includes two symmetrically arranged root clamping limiting units, a root clamping driving wheel mounting plate assembly 6-1, a root clamping driving wheel 6-2, a double-sided tooth synchronous belt 6-3, a rack mounting plate assembly 6-4, a guide rod 6-5, a root clamping rack assembly 6-6, a root clamping floating clamping assembly 6-7 and a root clamping driven wheel 6-8.

[0065] The root clamping driving wheel 6-2 is installed on the root clamping driving wheel mounting plate assembly 6-1, the root clamping floating clamping assembly 6-7, the guide rod 6-5 and the root clamping driven wheel 6-8 are respectively installed on the root clamping rack assembly 6-6 through bolts, and the double-sided tooth synchronous belt 6-3 is installed on the root clamping driving wheel 6-2 and the root clamping driven wheel 6-8; the root clamping driving wheel 6-2 is designed as a tooth shape, the root clamping driving wheel 6-2 is engaged with the inner side of the double-sided tooth synchronous belt 6-3, the root clamping floating clamping assembly 6-7 is located below the guide rod 6-5 and in the circle of the double-sided tooth synchronous belt 6-3 and is in contact with the inner side of the double-sided tooth synchronous belt 6-3, the two root clamping floating clamping assemblies 6-7 of the two root clamping limiting units make the opposite outer sides of the two double-sided tooth synchronous belts 6-3 engage, the two guide rods 6-5 form a conveying channel, the guide rod 6-5 is inclined upward from front to back and forms an angle of 5-10° with the double-sided tooth synchronous belt 6-3, and the cabbage is tightly attached to the guide rod 6-5 when being pulled downward by the double-sided tooth synchronous belt 6-3 during backward movement; the root clamping rack assembly 6-6 is installed on the rack mounting plate assembly 6-4 through bolts, and the rack mounting plate assembly 6-4 is installed on the harvesting part connecting frame 3-1 of the rack 3 through bolts; the L-shaped plate connected with the root clamping rack assembly 6-6 of the guide rod 6-5 is provided with a long circular groove, and the connection position of the root clamping rack assembly 6-6 and the long circular groove on the L-shaped plate can adjust the distance between the two guide rods 6-5 to change the size of the channel to adapt to different varieties of cabbage.

[0066] The root clamping limiting mechanism 6 further comprises an arc cone right-angle speed reducer motor 6-9; two root clamping driving wheels 6-2 are respectively connected with the second transmission shaft, the output shaft of the arc cone right-angle speed reducer motor 6-9 is connected with one end of the second transmission shaft, the arc cone right-angle speed reducer motor 6-9 drives the two root clamping driving wheels 6-2 to rotate through the second transmission shaft, and the power driving is more energy-saving, environment-friendly and low-pollution. Preferably, the double-sided tooth synchronous belt 6-3 is of a T20 series, has a tooth width of 32 mm and a pitch of 20 mm, and can better clamp the root of the cabbage; in addition, the double-sided tooth synchronous belt 6-3 can avoid the slippage compared with the traditional belt. The root clamping limiting mechanism 6 clamps the cabbage base through a pair of meshing double-sided tooth synchronous belts 6-3, so that cabbage bases of different varieties and sizes are tightly attached to the two guide rods 6-5, thereby greatly reducing the deviation of the optimal cutting position of the cabbage and greatly improving the root cutting qualification rate.

[0067] The double-sided tooth synchronous belt 6-3 is used to synchronously clamp the conveying belt 4-1, which avoids the single-side stress mode of the conveying belt 4-1 in the root cutting process and avoids the change in the posture of the cabbage in the root cutting process, thereby avoiding the problem of root cutting damage.

[0068] The root clamping belt uses the double-sided tooth synchronous belt 6-3, which has better transmission performance than the traditional belt and can avoid slippage in the working process. The cabbage harvesting device of the embodiment is a side-hanging type design, and the whole machine needs to be hung on the three-point suspension mechanism of the tractor during work. Before formally performing the cabbage harvesting operation, the lower bottom surface of the pulling roller 1-1 needs to be adjusted to be close to the ground; the hole position of the floating mounting plate 2-6 and the position of the first mounting frame 2-4 in the second mounting frame 2-5 are adjusted, so that the lowest point of the sweeping plate 2-1 can sweep the cabbage to be harvested; the installation position of the spring fixing plate 4-6 on the threaded rod 4-5 is adjusted, so that the clamping force of the tensioning arm assembly 4-2 to the conveying belt 4-1 can clamp the cabbage; the spacing of the guide rods 6-5 is adjusted, and the cabbages of different sizes are clamped after limiting at the optimal root cutting position.

[0069] When the cabbage harvesting operation is formally carried out, the tractor drives the whole machine to walk forward, a pair of pulling rollers 1-1 rotates reversely close to the ground, a pair of pulling rollers 1-1 is located on both sides of the cabbage land, as the machine advances, the pulling rollers 1-1 pulls the cabbage upward, and finally falls into the root clamping limiting mechanism 6, at this time, the pair of meshing double-sided tooth synchronous belts 6-3 clamps the root of the cabbage and transports it backward; when reaching the guide rod 6-5, the double-sided tooth synchronous belt 6-3 clamping the cabbage is transported backward along the curved surface of the guide rod 6-5, at this time, the bottom of the cabbage falls above a pair of guide rods 6-5, the double-sided tooth synchronous belt 6-3 and the guide rod 6-5 are installed at an angle of 5°, so when the cabbage moves backward, it will be pulled downward by the double-sided tooth synchronous belt 6-3 and tightly adhere to the guide rod 6-5, some steps in front may cause the position of the cabbage clamped by the conveying belt to be different, such as the cabbage in the middle of the conveying belt, or below, or above, or if the cabbage is tilted, the position will also be correct a lot by the double-sided tooth synchronous belt 6-3, the floating amount of the best root cutting position of each cabbage will be reduced, and the root cutting effect is better; when continuing to transport backward, the cabbage clamped by the conveying belt 4-1 and the double-sided tooth synchronous belt 6-3 completes the root cutting at the double-disc root cutting mechanism 5.

[0070] The present application utilizes the double-helix pulling mechanism 1 to pull the cabbage, the sweeping mechanism 2 to assist the cabbage into the floating clamping conveying mechanism 4, the floating clamping conveying mechanism 4 to transport the pulled cabbage backward, the root clamping limiting mechanism 6 to pull the cabbage that is not completely off the ground and tightly clamp the root thereof, the root clamping limiting mechanism 6 to drag the cabbage base through the meshing double-sided tooth synchronous belt 6-3, so that the cabbage bases of different varieties and sizes are tightly adhered to the two guide rods 6-5, thereby greatly reducing the deviation of the best cutting position of the cabbage and reducing the damage of the cabbage cutting. The present application can adapt to the mechanical harvesting operation of different varieties and different sizes of cabbages by changing the installation position of the pulling roller 1-1, the tension and opening size of the floating clamping conveying mechanism 4, and the relative distance of the double guide rods 6-5, thereby having better variety adaptability.

[0071] It should be understood that although the present specification is described in terms of various embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution, and the description manner of the specification is only for the sake of clarity, and those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that those skilled in the art can understand.

[0072] The series of detailed descriptions listed above are only specific descriptions of the feasible embodiments of the present application, and are not used to limit the protection scope of the present application, and any equivalent embodiments or changes made without departing from the spirit of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A cabbage harvesting apparatus, characterised in that, It comprises a double spiral pulling mechanism (1), a pulling mechanism (2), a frame (3), a floating clamping conveying mechanism (4), a double disc root cutting mechanism (5) and a root clamping limiting mechanism (6). The double spiral pulling mechanism (1) is installed below the front part of the frame (3), the pulling mechanism (2) is installed on the front part of the frame (3) and above the double spiral pulling mechanism (1), the floating clamping conveying mechanism (4) is installed on the frame (3) and behind the pulling mechanism (2), the root clamping limiting mechanism (6) is installed on the frame (3) and below the floating clamping conveying mechanism (4), and the double disc root cutting mechanism (5) is installed on the frame (3) and below and behind the root clamping limiting mechanism (6). The double spiral pulling mechanism (1) is used for pulling cabbages, the pulling mechanism (2) is used for assisting the cabbages to enter the floating clamping conveying mechanism (4), the floating clamping conveying mechanism (4) is used for conveying the pulled cabbages backward, the root clamping limiting mechanism (6) is used for holding the cabbages, and the double disc root cutting mechanism (5) is used for cutting the roots of the cabbages held by the floating clamping conveying mechanism (4) and the root clamping limiting mechanism (6). The root clamping limiting mechanism (6) comprises two symmetrically arranged root clamping limiting units, a root clamping driving wheel mounting plate assembly (6-1), a root clamping driving wheel (6-2), a double-sided tooth synchronous belt (6-3), a frame mounting plate assembly (6-4), a guide rod (6-5), a root clamping frame assembly (6-6), a root clamping floating clamping assembly (6-7) and a root clamping driven wheel (6-8). The root clamping driving wheel (6-2) is installed on the root clamping driving wheel mounting plate assembly (6-1), the root clamping floating clamping assembly (6-7), the guide rod (6-5) and the root clamping driven wheel (6-8) are respectively installed on the root clamping frame assembly (6-6), and the double-sided tooth synchronous belt (6-3) is installed on the root clamping driving wheel (6-2) and the root clamping driven wheel (6-8). The root clamping driving wheel (6-2) is designed in a tooth shape, the root clamping driving wheel (6-2) is engaged with the inner side of the double-sided tooth synchronous belt (6-3), the root clamping floating clamping assembly (6-7) is located below the guide rod (6-5) and in the circle of the double-sided tooth synchronous belt (6-3) and in contact with the inner side of the double-sided tooth synchronous belt (6-3), the root clamping floating clamping assemblies (6-7) of the two root clamping limiting units make the opposite outer sides of the two double-sided tooth synchronous belts (6-3) engaged, the two guide rods (6-5) form a conveying channel, and the guide rod (6-5) is inclined upward from front to back and forms an angle with the double-sided tooth synchronous belt (6-3). The root clamping frame assembly (6-6) is installed on the frame mounting plate assembly (6-4), and the frame mounting plate assembly (6-4) is installed on the frame (3). A long circular groove is arranged on the L-shaped plate connected with the root clamping frame assembly (6-6) of the guide rod (6-5), the spacing between the two guide rods (6-5) can be adjusted by adjusting the connection position of the root clamping frame assembly (6-6) and the long circular groove on the L-shaped plate, so that the size of the channel can be changed to adapt to different varieties of cabbages.

2. The cabbage harvesting apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The double spiral pulling mechanism (1) comprises a pulling roller (1-1), a bearing seat (1-2), an L-shaped mounting plate (1-3), a mounting plate (1-4), a parallel shaft reduction motor (1-5) and a plum blossom coupling (1-6). The pulling roller (1-1) is arranged in pairs, the parallel shaft reduction motor (1-5) is connected with the shaft at the rear end of the pulling roller (1-1) through the plum blossom coupling (1-6), and the shaft at the rear end of the pulling roller (1-1) is installed in the bearing seat (1-2); the bearing seat (1-2) is installed on the L-shaped mounting plate (1-3), the L-shaped mounting plate (1-3) is provided with a long circular groove, the bearing seat (1-2) is connected with the long circular groove through bolts, the relative installation position of the bearing seat (1-2) and the L-shaped mounting plate (1-3) can be changed by adjusting the position of the bearing seat (1-2) and the long circular groove, and the position between the two pulling rollers (1-1) can be adjusted; the L-shaped mounting plate (1-3) and the mounting plate (1-4) are each provided with two long circular grooves arranged vertically on the side surface, and are connected through bolts, and the relative installation position of the L-shaped mounting plate (1-3) and the mounting plate (1-4) in the up-down direction can be changed through the long circular grooves, so as to adjust the height of the pulling roller (1-1) from the ground.

3. The cabbage harvesting apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The pulling mechanism (2) comprises a pulling plate (2-1), an L-shaped reduction motor (2-2), a pulling wheel (2-3), a first mounting frame (2-4), a second mounting frame (2-5), a floating mounting plate (2-6) and a bearing seat (2-7). The pulling wheel (2-3) is provided with a first rotating shaft in the middle, one end of the first rotating shaft is connected with the output shaft of the L-shaped reduction motor (2-2), the other end is installed on the bearing seat (2-7), the L-shaped reduction motor (2-2) and the bearing seat (2-7) are installed on the two sides of the front end of the first mounting frame (2-4) respectively, the rear end of the first mounting frame (2-4) is slidably sleeved in one end of the second mounting frame (2-5), and the front and rear positions can be adjusted by tightening the screws; the other end of the second mounting frame (2-5) is installed on one end of the floating mounting plate (2-6) through a pin, and the other end of the floating mounting plate (2-6) is installed on the harvesting part connecting frame (3-1) of the rack (3).

4. The cabbage harvesting apparatus of claim 3, wherein, One end of the floating mounting plate (2-6) is provided with a plurality of pairs of through holes along the edge, and the other end of the second mounting frame (2-5) is selectively installed on the through hole of the floating mounting plate (2-6) through a pin, the hole position of the second mounting frame (2-5) on the floating mounting plate (2-6) is adjusted, so that the lowest point of the pulling plate (2-1) can be close to the lower end surface of the conveying belt (4-1).

5. The cabbage harvesting apparatus of claim 3, wherein, The rack (3) comprises a harvesting part connecting rack (3-1), a second rotating shaft (3-2), a horizontal outer spherical bearing seat (3-3) and a control part connecting rack (3-4), both ends of the second rotating shaft (3-2) are respectively installed in two horizontal outer spherical bearing seats (3-3), the horizontal outer spherical bearing seat (3-3) is installed on the control part connecting rack (3-4), and the harvesting part connecting rack (3-1) is installed on the second rotating shaft (3-2) through a U-shaped bolt; the double helix pulling mechanism (1), the pulling mechanism (2), the rack (3), the floating clamping conveying mechanism (4), the double disc root cutting mechanism (5) and the root clamping limiting mechanism (6) are respectively installed on the harvesting part connecting rack (3-1).

6. The cabbage harvesting apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The floating clamping conveying mechanism (4) comprises two symmetrically arranged floating clamping conveying units, each floating clamping conveying unit comprises a conveying belt (4-1), a tensioning arm assembly (4-2), an L-shaped speed reducer motor (4-3), a driving roller mounting seat (4-4), a threaded rod (4-5), a spring fixing plate (4-6), a driven roller (4-7) and a driving roller (4-8); The L-shaped speed reducer motor (4-3) is installed on the driving roller mounting seat (4-4) and connected with the driving roller (4-8), drives the driving roller (4-8) to rotate, the driving roller mounting seat (4-4) and the tensioning arm assembly (4-2) are respectively installed on the harvesting part connecting rack (3-1) of the rack (3), the driven roller (4-7) is welded on the harvesting part connecting rack (3-1), the conveying belt (4-1) is installed on the driven roller (4-7) and the driving roller (4-8), the tensioning arm assemblies (4-2) of the two floating clamping conveying units are oppositely arranged on the inner side of the harvesting part connecting rack (3-1) of the rack (3) and respectively contact with the conveying belt (4-1), the spring fixing plate (4-6) is installed on the threaded rod (4-5), one end of the spring is connected with the tensioning arm assembly (4-2) and the other end is connected with the spring fixing plate (4-6), the installation position of the spring fixing plate (4-6) on the threaded rod (4-5) can be changed, so that the pre-tightening force of the tensioning arm assembly (4-2) on the conveying belt (4-1) can be changed.

7. The cabbage harvesting apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The double disc root cutting mechanism (5) comprises a motor mounting plate (5-1), a cutter disc (5-2), a flange plate (5-3), a bearing seat mounting plate (5-4), a transmission device assembly (5-5), a first transmission shaft, an elastic key coupling (5-6) and a first arc cone right-angle speed reducer motor (5-7); The two cutter discs (5-2) are oppositely and partially overlapped arranged, the cutter disc (5-2) is installed on the flange plate (5-3), the flange plate (5-3) is installed on the transmission device assembly (5-5), and the two transmission device assemblies (5-5) are respectively installed on the motor mounting plate (5-1) and the bearing seat mounting plate (5-4); the two transmission device assemblies (5-5) are respectively connected with the first transmission shaft, one end of the first transmission shaft is connected with the output shaft of the first arc cone right-angle speed reducer motor (5-7) through the elastic key coupling (5-6), the other end is connected with a bearing seat, and the bearing seat is installed on the bearing seat mounting plate (5-4).

8. The cabbage harvesting apparatus of claim 7, wherein, The motor mounting plate (5-1) and the bearing seat mounting plate (5-4) are respectively provided with a transversely arranged long circular groove, the flange plate (5-3) is connected with the transmission device assembly (5-5) through the long circular grooves on the motor mounting plate (5-1) and the bearing seat mounting plate (5-4), and the overlapping amount of the two cutter heads (5-2) can be changed by adjusting the position of the flange plate (5-3) in the long circular groove.

9. The cabbage harvesting apparatus of claim 8, wherein, Further comprising a second arc cone right-angle speed reducer motor (6-9); The two root clamping driving wheels (6-2) are respectively connected with the second transmission shaft, one end of the second transmission shaft is connected with the output shaft of the second arc cone right-angle speed reducer motor (6-9), and the second arc cone right-angle speed reducer motor (6-9) drives the two root clamping driving wheels (6-2) to rotate through the second transmission shaft.

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