Continuous rolling enzymolysis dryer and operation method thereof
By designing a continuous rolling and twisting enzyme decomposition dryer, hot air rolling, decomposition and enzymatic decomposition, double hot air drying and wet hot air recovery and heating purification, the problem of room temperature operation being unfavorable for enzymatic decomposition reaction and high energy consumption is solved, efficient enzymatic decomposition reaction, energy saving and emission reduction are achieved, and tea quality is optimized.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411948664.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-27
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-28
AI Technical Summary
The existing rolling and detachment process is operated at room temperature, which is not conducive to the enzymatic decomposition reaction and has high overall energy consumption. The humid and hot air emitted by the hot air dryer has not been effectively recycled and reused.
A continuous rolling and twisting enzyme-dissolving dryer is designed, including a side-by-side rolling machine, a deblocking enzymatic machine, a double hot air dryer and a wet and hot air recovery heating purification device. Through hot air rolling, hot air deblocking and enzymatic deblocking, double hot air drying and wet and hot air recovery heating purification, continuous process and energy saving and emission reduction are achieved.
Through hot air rolling and decomposition, the enzymatic reaction efficiency is improved, energy saving is 6-8%, thermal efficiency is improved by 4-5%, humidity and heat emissions are reduced, and tea quality is optimized.
Smart Images
Figure CN119699443A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tea processing machinery, in particular to a continuous rolling enzymatic hydrolysis drying machine and an operating method thereof. Background Art
[0002] Rolling, enzymolysis, and drying processes are important processes for making black tea, green tea, and dark tea. The purpose of rolling is to input tea leaves into the rolling barrel of a rolling machine, so that under the rolling and pressing action of the "rolling plate and ribs", the cell structure of the buds and leaves is injured, the tea juice is caused to overflow, and the tea leaves are rolled into strips. With the application of biotechnology in the field of tea, saccharifying enzymes, pectinase, amylase, and cellulase are now added to the rolling process for enzyme rolling, and the exogenous enzymes are urged to penetrate into the inner layer of the buds and leaves for enzymolysis reaction to optimize the quality of tea leaves through the rolling action. However, the current enzyme rolling enzymolysis process mostly adopts single-machine operations such as rolling machines, enzyme adding devices, block-deblocking machines, and enzymolysis machines, so many equipment are required, the work efficiency is low, the energy consumption is large, and the cost of making tea is high, especially the existing room temperature rolling block-deblocking and enzymolysis equipment, because the temperature does not reach the suitable enzymolysis temperature of the biological enzyme, it is difficult to efficiently exert the enzymolysis reaction efficiency of the exogenous biological enzyme to optimize the quality of tea leaves. In addition, the existing hot air dryer usually uses hot air to volatilize the buds and leaves after deblocking to dry out the moisture. However, the volatilized hot and humid gases are generally allowed to dissipate naturally, which not only pollutes the environment but also wastes heat energy, and is not well recycled and reused. Summary of the invention
[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a continuous kneading enzymatic hydrolysis drying machine and an operating method thereof, so as to solve the problem that the existing kneading and deblocking are both operated at room temperature, which is not conducive to the enzymatic hydrolysis reaction and has high overall energy consumption.
[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: a continuous kneading enzymatic hydrolysis drying machine, comprising a group of kneading machines, a deblocking enzymatic hydrolysis machine, a double hot air dryer and a moist hot air recovery heating purification device arranged side by side.
[0005] In order to promote the continuity of enzyme kneading, hot air deblocking and enzymatic hydrolysis, double hot air drying, moist hot steam recovery heating and purification processes, a deblocking and enzymatic hydrolysis machine is arranged below the kneading machine, and its discharge port is connected with the feed port of the double hot air dryer. A long trumpet-shaped cover is installed on the top of the double hot air dryer box to collect moist hot air and input it into the moist hot air recovery heating and purification device to form clean hot air, which is then input into the drying box, kneading barrel and deblocking and enzymatic hydrolysis tank to carry out hot air kneading, hot air deblocking and enzymatic hydrolysis, and double hot air drying of the tea leaves, thereby achieving energy conservation and emission reduction, improving thermal efficiency, and reducing tea making costs.
[0006] In order to ensure that the clean tea leaves are fed into the rolling machine for quantitative enzyme hot air rolling, a weighing platform is set below the feed hopper of the lifting conveyor belt, and a metal debris detection and removal device is set in front of the feed hopper of the lifting conveyor belt. The tea leaves are first weighed according to the set amount of rolling tea leaves on the weighing platform, and then fed to the metal debris detection and removal device to remove the metal, hair, dust and debris carried by the buds and leaves, so that the enzyme rolled tea leaves are clean and hygienic, and avoid antagonistic reactions between metal ions and external biological enzymes.
[0007] In order to achieve multiple automatic additions of exogenous enzymes, an enzyme adder is provided at the feed port of the conveyor carriage so as to automatically spray the exogenous enzyme solution into the buds and leaves. A drip irrigation enzyme adder is also provided on the cover of the kneading barrel, and the prepared enzyme solution is placed in the drip irrigation enzyme adder so that it is added to the buds and leaves in a slow dripping manner as the cover of the kneading barrel rotates. In order to make the exogenous enzyme solution and the buds and leaves better contact and knead together for kneading, two maple wood stirrers are provided in the conveyor carriage to stir the tea leaves, and a maple wood distributor is provided at the discharge port of the conveyor carriage to evenly sprinkle the buds and leaves with the enzyme solution added into the kneading barrel for kneading.
[0008] In order to avoid the antagonistic reaction between the exogenous biological enzyme solution and the metal ions and affect the enzymatic hydrolysis effect, the stirrer and distributor of the enzyme batching machine are made of maple wood. The kneading barrel, kneading cover, and kneading plate of the rolling machine are all made of maple wood, and the "ribs" of the rolling machine are made of bamboo. The inner wall of the deblocking enzymatic hydrolysis tank is made of pine wood, and the deblocking manipulator is made of pine wood. Using these natural wood and bamboo materials for kneading, turning, dividing, and deblocking will not produce antagonistic side effects on the decomposition reaction of biological enzymes, and can also reduce the breakage of buds and leaves during the turning process.
[0009] In order to change the traditional way of tea deblocking and realize the comprehensive dynamic dissolution of tea clumps, the deblocking enzymatic hydrolysis machine is designed as a long trough, and a vibrating screen with oblique teeth, a forward and reverse deblocking manipulator, a three-dimensional hot air pipe and other devices are set in the trough. The vibration force of the concave and convex screen, the turning force of the forward and reverse deblocking manipulator, and the blowing force of the three-dimensional hot air are used to break up the tea clumps, loosen the tea leaves, and volatilize the green moisture. In order to dissolve the tea clumps, screen out the broken tea powder, and carry out the enzymatic reaction simultaneously, a 14-mesh vibrating screen is used, and a vibration frequency of 250-280 times / min is generated by the vibrator to make it a vibrating screen, so that the rolled tea clumps are disbanded in a bouncing manner, the broken tea powder is screened out, and the dynamic enzymatic reaction is carried out.
[0010] In order to realize hot air kneading and three-dimensional hot air deblocking and enzymatic hydrolysis reaction, a hot air branch pipe is set on the barrel cover of each kneading machine so as to blow hot air into the kneading barrel for hot air kneading; a hot air branch pipe is arranged at the front end of the deblocking enzymatic hydrolysis tank, and a hot air branch pipe is arranged at the rear end. Three hot air branch pipes are cross-arranged at intervals of 70 cm on the left side of the tank body, and three hot air branch pipes are cross-arranged at intervals of 80 cm on the right side of the tank body. Under the concave and convex vibrating screen at the bottom of the tank, three hot air branch pipes are arranged at intervals of 75 cm to form a three-dimensional hot air space for efficient deblocking and enzymatic hydrolysis reactions. At the same time, hot air drying is used to volatilize the moisture in the tea, which is conducive to speeding up the subsequent double hot air drying process.
[0011] In order to ensure the supply of hot air and regulate the amount of hot air blown, a hot air heating distribution box and a control valve are set above the rolling machine, and a hot air heating distribution box and a control valve are set at the rear of the deblocking enzymolysis tank, so that the hot air can be timely regulated and distributed to each hot air branch pipe through these two hot air heating distribution boxes and control valves to meet the needs of hot air for hot air rolling process and hot air deblocking enzymolysis process. In order to enable the deblocking enzymolysis tank to switch between climbing deblocking and screening tea dust, horizontal enzymolysis reaction, and sloped discharging, one end of the deblocking enzymolysis tank is provided with a fixed support leg, and the other end is provided with a movable support leg that can be lifted and lowered. When deblocking and screening tea dust, the movable support leg is used to lower the rear of the tank body, so that the tank body is inclined upward at a slope of 3-4°, forcing the tea leaves to deblock and screen the dust in a climbing and bouncing manner. During the enzymolysis reaction, the tank body is laid flat using the movable support leg to carry out a horizontal dynamic enzymolysis reaction. When discharging, the rear part is lifted by the movable supporting legs so that the trough body is tilted downward by 5-6 degrees, so as to facilitate the smooth discharge of tea leaves on the vibrating screen.
[0012] In order to timely recover the tea ash carried in the moist hot air, prevent it from mixing into the moist hot air recovery and purification heating device and deteriorating into a smoky smell that affects the quality of tea leaves, and ensure the normal delivery of hot air, a cleaning filter chamber is set at the moist hot air outlet of the recovery cover, and a 60-80 mesh stainless steel screen filter is set in the cleaning filter chamber to prevent the tea ash from passing through and recycle it for reuse. In addition, a hot air conversion tank is set at the hot air outlet of the moist hot air recovery and purification heating device, and the clean hot air is respectively delivered to the three main air ducts leading to the double hot air dryer, the deblocking enzymatic hydrolyzer and the rolling machine through a hair dryer.
[0013] The present invention also discloses an operating method of a continuous kneading enzymatic hydrolysis drying machine, comprising the following steps:
[0014] 1) Impurity removal, weighing, enzyme addition and feeding: Start the weighing device, metal debris detection and removal machine, lifting conveyor belt and enzyme addition batching machine; weigh and convey the tea leaves required for each rolling barrel in a quantitative manner, and use the metal debris detection and removal machine to remove the hair and metal debris entrained in the buds and leaves; use the enzyme adder on the enzyme addition batching machine to spray the exogenous enzyme solution into the buds and leaves in a cloud form, so that clean and hygienic enzyme-added tea leaves can be fed into the rolling barrel;
[0015] 2) Enzyme-added hot air kneading: start the kneading machine and the first hot air branch pipe, and sprinkle the exogenous enzyme solution into the kneading barrel through the drip irrigation enzyme adder, and add it to the kneaded leaves in a slow dripping manner as the kneading barrel rotates; set: the hot air input temperature is 43-45°C, the speed of the kneading barrel is 12-15r / min, and the kneading time is 35-40min, including light pressure kneading for 10min, pressurized 1 / 4 heavy kneading for 20-25min, and loose pressure kneading for 5min. When the cell breakage rate reaches 70-75%, the enzyme solution is integrated into the inner layer of the buds and leaves, and the machine is stopped and the material is discharged;
[0016] 3) Hot air deblocking and dynamic enzymolysis: Hot air deblocking: Start the vibrating screen, open the second hot air branch pipe, the third hot air branch pipe, and the fourth hot air branch pipe, use the movable support legs to tilt the deblocking enzymolysis tank upward at a slope of 3-4°, set: the vibration frequency of the vibrating screen is 270-280 times / min, the hot air input temperature is 40-45℃, the deblocking time is 5-8min, the rolled tea balls are disbanded, and the green moisture is volatilized; Dynamic enzymolysis: Use the movable support legs to return the deblocking enzymolysis tank to a horizontal state, set: the hot air input temperature is 55- 60℃, the vibration frequency of the vibrating screen is 10-15 times / min, the enzymatic hydrolysis time is 2.5-3h, and the dynamic enzymatic hydrolysis reaction of polyphenol oxidase and exogenous enzymes in tea is used to transform and form a large number of enzymatic hydrolysis products to optimize the quality of tea; Tea discharging: Using the movable supporting legs, the deblocking enzymatic hydrolysis tank is tilted downward by 5-6°, and the vibration frequency of the vibrating screen is set to 300-320 times / min. Using the vibration effect of the screen, the thrust of the deblocking manipulator, and the blowing force of the hot air, the tea on the screen in the tank is transported to the feed port of the dryer;
[0017] 4) Double hot air drying: Start the double hot air dryer, the wet hot air recovery and purification heating device, the purification hot air input pipe, set: the electric hot air temperature is 120-140℃, the recovery and purification hot air temperature is 85-90℃, the drying time is 10-15min, and double hot air is supplied for drying. When the moisture content of the tea leaves reaches 8-10%, stop the initial drying and discharge the materials to obtain the primary processed raw tea.
[0018] Beneficial effects of the present invention: 1. The present invention combines the rolling unit, the deblocking enzymolysis machine, and the double hot air drying machine into a continuous integrated machine, which not only overcomes the problems of low efficiency and low automation of the existing similar equipment, but also recovers the hot and humid steam emitted by the double hot air drying machine for heating, purification and recycling. In particular, the new process of hot air rolling, deblocking, enzymolysis and double heat energy drying can save energy by 6-8%, improve thermal efficiency by 4-5%, reduce the emission of hot and humid gas, and optimize the quality of tea. At the same time, the use of hot air rolling can enhance the activity of exogenous enzymes, thereby improving the enzymolysis effect of exogenous enzymes on tea.
[0019] 2. The present invention adopts maple tea rolling barrel and rolling plate, bamboo rib rolling machine and enzyme hot air rolling process, which can not only avoid the adverse antagonistic reaction between exogenous biological enzyme solution and metal ions, but also the enzymatic hydrolysis reaction can make the leaves soft for rolling into strips, especially the cell fragmentation rate of buds and leaves is high, and exogenous enzymes can easily enter the inner layer for enzymatic hydrolysis reaction, which is converted into a large amount of enzymatic hydrolysis products to improve the quality of tea.
[0020] 3. The present invention uses a deblocking enzymolysis machine, a pinewood inner wall, a pinewood deblocking manipulator, and a dynamic enzymolysis process, and utilizes the vibration force of the concave-convex screen, the turning force of the forward and reverse deblocking manipulator, and the blowing force of the three-dimensional hot air to break up the tea lumps, emit green moisture and enzymolysis fermentation gas, strengthen the exchange of cold and hot air to add oxygen, which is beneficial to improving the dynamic oxygenation enzymolysis reaction of polyphenol oxidase and exogenous enzymes in tea leaves and optimizing the quality of tea leaves. The deblocking enzymolysis tank can realize the three functions of dynamic deblocking, dynamic enzymolysis, and vibration discharging through the joint action of the movable supporting legs and the vibrating screen.
[0021] 4. The present invention adopts a double hot air dryer to recover the humid hot air it emits, heat it and purify it to form clean hot air, and then return it to the original machine to heat and dry the tea leaves. This not only improves the thermal efficiency by 4-5%, saves 6-8% energy, reduces the pollution of humid hot air emissions, and optimizes the quality of tea leaves, but also provides clean hot air to the rolling unit and the deblocking enzymatic hydrolysis tank, realizing the integration and continuity of hot air rolling enzymatic hydrolysis reaction and double hot air drying.
[0022] The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0023] Figure 1 It is the front view of the present invention.
[0024] Figure 2 It is the front view of the weighing and conveying device in the present invention.
[0025] Figure 3 It is a front view of the rolling machine and the deblocking enzymatic hydrolyzer in the present invention.
[0026] Figure 4 for Figure 3A magnified schematic diagram of part A in the figure.
[0027] Figure 5 It is an assembly cross-sectional view of the first hot air branch pipe of the drip irrigation enzyme dosing device on the kneading cover of the present invention.
[0028] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the deblocking robot in the present invention.
[0029] Figure 7 It is the front view of the double hot air drying machine in the present invention.
[0030] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Enlarged schematic diagram of part B in the middle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0031] Example 1: Figures 1 to 8 As shown, a continuous kneading enzymatic hydrolysis and drying machine includes a group of kneading machines 1 arranged side by side, a deblocking enzymatic hydrolysis machine 2 arranged below the kneading machine 1 and a double hot air dryer 3 connected to the discharge end of the deblocking enzymatic hydrolysis machine 2, and the double hot air dryer 3 is provided with a moist hot air recovery, heating and purification device 4.
[0032] The feeding end of the kneading machine 1 is provided with a weighing conveying device 5 and an enzyme dosing machine 6. The weighing conveying device 5 includes a feed hopper 51, a weighing platform 52 arranged below the feed hopper 51, and a lifting conveyor belt 53 docked with the weighing platform 52, wherein the lifting conveyor belt 53 is a 10-mesh stainless steel mesh inclined conveyor belt. The feed hopper 51 is cylindrical and made of stainless steel and is arranged above the feed port of the lifting conveyor belt 53. The discharge port of the feed hopper 51 is provided with a discharge valve 511 for controlling the falling of the material. The weighing platform 52 includes a weighing device 521 and a weighing conveyor belt 522 arranged above the weighing device 521. When the weighing device 521 senses that the weight of the tea leaves on the weighing conveyor belt 522 meets the weight set by the kneading machine, the discharge valve 511 is closed, and the weighing conveyor belt 522 moves to deliver the tea leaves to the lifting conveyor belt 53.
[0033] The front part of the feed hopper 51 of the lifting conveyor belt 53 is provided with an EJH-321 type food metal debris detection and removal machine 54. The metal debris detection and removal machine 54 includes an automatic metal detection and removal device 541 and an ion wind suction device 542, which can automatically remove metal, hair, dust and debris entrained in the buds and leaves, so that clean and hygienic tea leaves can be input into the enzyme batching machine 6 for spray enzyme addition.
[0034] The enzyme adding and batching machine 6 comprises a conveying carriage 61 arranged above the kneading machine 1 , a batching conveyor belt 62 , an enzyme adding device 64 , a stirrer 65 , a feeder 63 , and a distributor 66 .
[0035] The conveying carriage 61 is a trough structure with a length of 3.2m, a width of 0.8m and a depth of 0.6m, installed above the kneading machine 1, and conveys the buds and leaves in a linear motion. The batching conveyor belt 62 is a 12-14 mesh stainless steel screen, which is installed at the bottom of the conveying carriage 61, and feeds the buds and leaves into the feeder 63.
[0036] The enzyme adding device 64 is an XD-10 type liquid sprayer, which is composed of a solution tank, an atomizing tank, an electrical box and a liquid level controller. It is arranged at the feed port of the conveying carriage 61, and can spray the added biological enzyme solution into the buds and leaves in a cloud-like manner. The agitators 65 are provided with two, one is pine tooth-shaped, and the other is five-finger-shaped, which are arranged horizontally on the conveying carriage 61 with a front and rear interval of 70-80cm. The tooth-shaped agitator 65 located in the front turns the leaves in a clockwise direction, and the five-finger-shaped agitator 65 at the rear turns the leaves in a counterclockwise direction, so that the biological enzyme solution and the buds and leaves can be better contacted together. The feeder 63 is cylindrical and arranged at the discharge end of the batching conveyor belt 62, and it delivers the buds and leaves to the kneading barrel. The distributor 66 is fan-shaped, and its leaves are made of pine wood. It is arranged below the feeder 63, and the buds and leaves after enzyme addition are evenly scattered into the kneading barrel in a "scattering" manner.
[0037] The kneading machine 1 is arranged in parallel with 5 units, which are 6CR-55 type numerical control kneading machines. In order to avoid the adverse antagonistic reaction between the exogenous biological enzyme solution and the metal ions, the metal kneading tea barrel 11, the kneading plate 12, and the kneading cover 13 are changed to maple wood materials, and the copper "ribs" are changed to bamboo materials. In order to facilitate the biological enzyme solution and the hot air to enter the kneading tea barrel 11 for secondary enzyme hot air kneading, a drip irrigation enzyme adding device 15 is set on the kneading cover 13 to add the biological enzyme solution, and a first hot air branch pipe 14 is also connected. The liquid outlet of the drip irrigation enzyme adding device 15 is located below the air outlet of the first hot air branch pipe 14, so as to blow away the exogenous enzyme and sprinkle it more evenly on the tea leaves in the kneading barrel 11.
[0038] In order to facilitate the distribution of hot air to each kneading barrel, a hot air heating distribution box 7 is arranged on the side of the kneading machine 1. The hot air heating distribution box 7 is composed of a rectangular stainless steel box 71 and an electric heating pipe 72 arranged in the stainless steel box 71, and is connected to the fourth air outlet main pipe of the moist hot air recovery heating purification device. There are 5 air outlets on the front of the box, and a first hot air branch pipe 14 is installed respectively to connect with the 5 kneading covers. The first hot air branch pipe 14 is provided with a control valve.
[0039] The hot air is input into the five tea kneading barrels of the kneading machine through the control valve on the first hot air branch pipe 14. In order to solve the problem that the moist hot air recovery heating and purification device cannot provide hot air in time or the hot air temperature is too low, the electric heating pipe 72 in the hot air heating distribution box 7 can be started to heat up to ensure that high-temperature hot air is provided for enzyme kneading.
[0040] The deblocking enzymolysis machine 2 comprises a deblocking enzymolysis tank 21 and a vibrating screen 22 arranged at the bottom of the deblocking enzymolysis tank 21. The deblocking enzymolysis tank 21 has a shell made of cast iron material, an inner wall made of maple wood, a tank body length of 3.8m, a tank body width of 1.1m, a tank depth of 0.8m, a tank door at the rear end of the tank body closed, and a tank door at the front end of the tank body closed during deblocking enzymolysis and opened during discharging. In order to achieve efficient hot air deblocking and enzymolysis reaction, a second hot air branch pipe 23 is arranged at the front end of the deblocking enzymolysis tank 21, a second hot air branch pipe 23 is arranged at the rear end of the tank body, three third hot air branch pipes 24 are arranged crosswise at intervals of 70 cm on the left side of the deblocking enzymolysis tank 21, and three third hot air branch pipes 24 are arranged crosswise at intervals of 80 cm on the right side of the tank body. Under the vibrating screen 22 at the bottom of the deblocking enzymolysis tank 21, three fourth hot air branch pipes 25 are arranged at intervals of 75 cm. The second hot air branch pipe 23, the third hot air branch pipe 24 and the fourth hot air branch pipe 25 are all connected to the hot air heating distribution box 7, and the hot air heating distribution box 7 is connected to the air outlet main pipe of the moist hot air recovery heating purification device 4. The hot air is distributed through the hot air heating distribution box 7 to form a three-dimensional hot air space for deblocking and enzymolysis reaction of tea leaves. The deblocking enzymolysis tank 21 is arranged below the rolling machine 1 so that the rolled tea leaves can automatically fall into the tank. The concave and convex vibration force of the vibrating screen 22 at the bottom of the tank, the forward and reverse turning force of the deblocking manipulator 26 arranged in the deblocking enzymolysis tank 21, and the blowing force of the three-dimensional hot air are used to first break up the tea lumps, loosen the tea leaves, emit moist heat, dry some moisture, and then carry out the hot air enzymolysis reaction.
[0041] Further, the vibrating screen 22 is a 14-mesh stainless steel screen, which is arranged at the bottom of the deblocking enzymolysis tank 21. The vibrating screen 22 is connected to a vibrator 27, which is used to generate a frequency of 300-400 times / min to make it a vibrating screen, dissolve the rolled tea ball screen, and remove the broken tea powder. In order to improve the efficiency of deblocking and enzymolysis reaction, the vibrating screen 22 is also made into an uneven wavy structure, and the vibration of the convex and concave waves is used to promote the bouncing movement of the rolled tea ball to deblock, and to screen out the broken tea powder generated during the rolling, or in a slow vibration mode, so that the deblocked tea leaves can undergo a dynamic enzymolysis reaction on the screen.
[0042] Further, the deblocking robot 26 includes a rotating shaft 261, a group of serrated turning pieces 262 arranged on the rotating shaft 261, and a total of three groups of deblocking robots 26 are installed in the deblocking enzymatic hydrolysis tank 21 at intervals of 1.1m, and turn over the kneaded mass on the vibrating screen 22 in a forward and reverse rotation manner at 28-30 times / min to dissolve it into tea leaves. In order to reduce the gripping force of the deblocking robot 26 on the tea leaves when it is rotated forward and reversely, the deblocking robot is made of pine wood and wrapped with latex gloves, so as to reduce the breakage of the buds by a soft turning manner.
[0043] In order to adjust the angle of the deblocking enzymolysis tank 21, one end of the deblocking enzymolysis tank 21 is provided with a fixed support leg 211, and the other end is provided with a movable support leg 212 that can be raised and lowered. The inclination angle of the deblocking enzymolysis tank 21 is adjusted by the up and down movement of the movable support leg 212, and the movable support leg 212 is preferably driven and adjusted by a lifting hydraulic cylinder. When deblocking and screening tea powder, the movable support leg 212 is used to lower the rear end of the tank body so that the tank body is inclined upward at a slope of 3-4°, forcing the tea group to deblock and screen the powder in a climbing and bouncing manner. During the enzymolysis reaction, the tank body is laid flat using the movable support leg 212 so as to perform a horizontal dynamic enzymolysis reaction. When discharging, the rear end is lifted using the movable support leg 212 so that the tank body is inclined downward at 5-6°, which promotes the smooth discharge of tea leaves on the vibrating screen.
[0044] The dual hot air dryer 3 includes a drying box 31 and an electric heating device 32. The drying box 31 is a box of a 6CH-20 tea drying machine, which is changed into a five-layer circulating chain plate closed dual hot air dryer, that is, 5 layers of circulating chain plates 33 are arranged in the drying box 31, which are the 1st to 5th layers from bottom to top. In order to achieve dual hot air drying of tea leaves, two hot air inlets are arranged on the drying box 31. The first hot air inlet is the electric hot air inlet of the machine, which is arranged below the first layer of circulating chain plates 33 at the bottom of the drying box 31, so as to blow hot air to the upper 2-5 layers of circulating chain plates to dry the tea leaves; the second hot air inlet is connected to the fifth hot air branch pipe 34, which is a recycling and purification hot air inlet, and is arranged at the third layer of circulating chain plates of the drying box 31, so as to blow hot air to the upper 4-5 layers of circulating chain plates to dry the tea leaves, and the problem of low temperature of the upper hot air and slow drying speed is solved by supplementing hot air. The deblocked tea leaves are fed to the feeding port of the fifth circulating chain plate by the inclined conveyor belt 8, and run downward layer by layer. After being dried by hot air at each layer, the internal and external moisture in the tea leaves is evaporated and the tea leaves are dried. At the same time, the volatilized wet hot water vapor is recovered, heated, purified and reused.
[0045] The electric heating device 32 is further composed of an infrared electric heating tube 321, a hot air chamber 322, a hot air pump 323, and a controller 324. The hot air chamber 322 is a rectangular chamber made of composite steel, arranged below the drying box 31, and uses the infrared electric heating tube 321 in the chamber to heat it to a high temperature of 150-250°C, and then the high temperature hot air is input into the first hot air inlet of the closed box through the hot air pump 323 to dry the tea leaves. The controller 324 includes a temperature sensor and a controller, and the hot air temperature is set by the controller, and the actual temperature detected by the temperature sensor arranged on the third layer of the circulating chain plate is used for regulation to ensure that the temperature of the dried tea leaves is the same as the set hot air temperature.
[0046] The wet hot air recovery, heating and purification device 4 comprises a recovery cover 41 located on the top of the drying box 31 , a heating and purification cabin 42 , and a hot air output device 43 .
[0047] The recovery cover 41 is a long trumpet-shaped glass made of high temperature resistant tempered glass, which covers the top of the drying box 31 to prevent the humid hot gas from radiating and losing, and at the same time recovers it and transports it to the heating purification cabin 42 for heating and purification and reuse. In order to prevent the dried tea ash from mixing into the humid hot gas recovery and purification heating device 4 and deteriorating into a smoky smell that affects the quality of tea leaves, a cylindrical impurity removal filter chamber 44 is connected to the outlet of the recovery cover 41, and an 80-mesh stainless steel filter screen is provided in the impurity removal filter chamber 44 to prevent the tea ash from passing through, so that it becomes humid hot gas without impurities and enters the heating purification cabin 42.
[0048] A suction fan 45 is provided between the impurity removal filter chamber 44 and the heating purification chamber 42. The suction fan 45 is a DCCX-series blowing and suction dual-purpose fan, which uses the rotation of the motor to drive the fan blades to rotate at high speed to generate wind power, and can switch the blowing mode and the suction mode by adjusting the valve to perform suction or blowing operations. One end of its air inlet pipe is connected to the air outlet of the impurity removal filter chamber 44, and by switching the suction valve, the wet hot water vapor after the impurity removal in the filter chamber is sucked into the heating purification chamber 42 for heating and purification to form clean hot air.
[0049] The heating purification cabin 42 is a cylinder made of titanium steel with a length of 1.2 m and a diameter of 40 cm. A group of electric heating pipes 421 are provided 30 cm at the rear of the cylinder to convert the wet hot steam into high-temperature hot air of 80-90°C, which is then finely filtered and purified through a 300-mesh stainless steel laser microporous filter 422 provided 45 cm at the front of the cylinder to become clean hot air.
[0050] The hot air output device 43 is a stainless steel spherical tank connected to the heating and purification cabin 42 to receive and store clean hot air. Three hot air output pipes 431 are set on the spherical tank, and the No. 1 hot air output pipe 431 is connected to the fifth hot air branch pipe 34, leading to the second hot air inlet at the third layer of the circulating chain plate of the drying box for hot air heating. Since the hot air in the electric heat drying machine box will gradually weaken in the process of blowing upward, the temperature on the circulating chain plate from the third layer to the fifth layer is usually low, which affects the drying process and quality of tea leaves. The heated and purified hot air is input for heating, which is beneficial to increase the temperature and dry the tea leaves, shorten the drying process and improve the drying quality, and can also promote the upward volatilization of moist hot air, which is convenient for recycling, heating, purification and utilization. The No. 2 hot air output pipe 431 is connected to the hot air heating distribution box 7 of the rolling machine to provide hot air for hot air rolling. The No. 3 hot air output pipe 431 is connected to the hot air heating distribution box 7 of the deblocking enzymolysis tank to provide hot air for three-dimensional hot air deblocking and enzymolysis reaction. In order to ensure that the clean hot air in the spherical tank can be output at a heat-insulating state, a layer of asbestos fiber insulation layer is wrapped around the outside of the tank to prevent the heat in the spherical tank from leaking out.
[0051] Embodiment 2: The operation method of the above-mentioned continuous kneading enzymatic hydrolysis drying machine comprises the following steps:
[0052] 1) Decontamination, weighing, enzyme addition and feeding: start the weighing device, metal debris detection and removal machine, lifting conveyor belt and enzyme addition batching machine; set the weighing load of tea leaves in each rolling barrel to 30-32kg, use the metal debris detection and removal machine to remove hair, dust and metal debris entrained in the buds and leaves; prepare the exogenous enzyme preparation into a solution of 85% and pH of about 5.5 according to the addition ratio, and use the enzyme adder on the enzyme addition batching machine to spray the exogenous enzyme solution into the buds and leaves in a cloud form, so that clean and hygienic enzyme-added tea leaves can be fed into the rolling barrel; the beneficial effects of online continuous decontamination, weighing and enzyme addition can simplify the procedures of decontamination, weighing and enzyme addition, reduce the use of equipment, improve work efficiency and reduce the cost of tea making.
[0053] 2) Hot air kneading with enzyme: start the kneading machine and the first hot air branch pipe, and sprinkle the exogenous enzyme solution into the kneading barrel through the drip irrigation enzyme adder, and add it to the kneaded leaves in a slow dripping manner as the kneading barrel rotates; set: the hot air input temperature is 43-45°C, the rotation speed of the kneading barrel is 12-15r / min, and the kneading time is 35-40min, including light pressure kneading for 10min. Pressurized 1 / 4 heavy kneading for 20-25min. Loose pressure kneading for 5min, when the cell breakage rate reaches 70-75%, the enzyme solution is integrated into the inner layer of the buds and leaves, and the machine is stopped for discharging; the enzyme hot air kneading produces beneficial effects: hot air kneading can increase the breakage rate of bud and leaf cells, make the tea juice overflow and the leaf quality soft so that it can be kneaded into strips; hot air enzyme kneading is conducive to the rapid entry of exogenous enzyme solution into the cells to carry out the enzymolysis reaction of exogenous enzymes in advance, so as to form new enzymolysis products in the kneading stage to improve the quality.
[0054] 3) Hot air deblocking and dynamic enzymatic hydrolysis: Hot air deblocking: Start the vibrating screen, open the second hot air branch pipe, the third hot air branch pipe, and the fourth hot air branch pipe, use the movable support legs to tilt the deblocking enzymatic hydrolysis tank upward at a slope of 3-4°, set: the vibration frequency of the vibrating screen is 270-280 times / min, the hot air input temperature is 40-45℃, the speed of the forward deblocking robot is 28-30 times / min, the speed of the reverse deblocking robot is 18-20 times / min, and the deblocking time is 20-30 seconds. The tea balls are rolled for 5-8 minutes to dissolve and evaporate the green moisture; Dynamic enzymolysis: the enzymolysis tank is returned to a horizontal state using the movable support legs, and the following settings are set: the hot air input temperature is 55-60°C, the vibration frequency of the vibrating screen is 10-15 times / min, the speed of the forward deblocking robot is 10-12 times / min, and the material is turned over for 1-2 minutes every 30-40 minutes, and the speed of the reverse deblocking robot is 8-10 times / min, and the material is turned over every 50-60 minutes. 1-2min, enzymatic hydrolysis time is 2.5-3h, using the dynamic enzymatic hydrolysis reaction of polyphenol oxidase and exogenous enzymes in tea to transform and form a large number of enzymatic hydrolysis products to optimize the quality of tea; Tea discharging: using the movable supporting legs, the deblocking enzymatic hydrolysis tank is tilted downward by 5-6°, and the vibration frequency of the vibrating screen is set to 300-320 times / min, the speed of the forward deblocking robot is set to 35-40 times / min, and the vibration effect of the screen, the thrust of the forward deblocking robot, and the blowing of hot air are used. The force promotes the tea leaves on the screen in the trough to be transported to the feed port of the dryer; the beneficial effects of hot air deagglomeration and hot air dynamic enzymatic hydrolysis reaction are produced: the vibration force of the concave and convex screens, the turning force of the forward and reverse deagglomeration manipulators, and the blowing force of three-dimensional hot air are used to break up the tea clumps, loosen the tea leaves quickly, and emit green and moist air. At the same time, hot air is promoted to blow into the inner layer of the tea leaves, strengthen the exchange of cold and hot air, volatilize the fermentation gas of enzymatic hydrolysis, and add oxygen, which is beneficial to improve the oxygenation enzymatic hydrolysis reaction of exogenous biological enzymes and optimize the quality of tea leaves.
[0055] 4) Double hot air drying: Start the double hot air dryer, the wet hot air recovery and purification heating device, the purification hot air input pipe, set: the electric hot air temperature is 120-140℃, the temperature of the recovered and purified hot air is 85-90℃, the drying time is 10-15min, and the double hot air supply is carried out. When the moisture content of the tea leaves reaches 8-10%, stop the initial drying and discharge the materials to obtain the primary processed raw tea. The beneficial effects of double hot air drying are: the wet hot air emitted by the hot air dryer is recovered, heated and purified to form clean hot air, and then returned to the machine to dry the tea leaves, which can improve the thermal efficiency by 4-5%, save energy by 6-8%, and reduce the emission of wet hot air by 85%, achieving energy saving, emission reduction and consumption reduction, and optimizing the quality of tea leaves.
[0056] The present invention is described above by way of example in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the specific implementation of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned methods. As long as various non-substantial improvements are made using the method concept and technical solution of the present invention; or the above concept and technical solution of the present invention are directly applied to other occasions without improvement, they are all within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A continuous kneading enzymatic hydrolysis drying machine, characterized in that: The invention comprises a group of rolling machines (1) arranged side by side, a deblocking and enzymatic hydrolysis machine (2) arranged below the rolling machines (1), and a double hot air dryer (3) connected to the discharge end of the deblocking and enzymatic hydrolysis machine (2), wherein the double hot air dryer (3) is provided with a moist hot air recovery, heating and purification device (4); The feeding end of the kneading machine (1) is provided with a weighing and conveying device (5) and an enzyme dosing machine (6); the kneading machine (1) comprises a tea kneading barrel (11), a kneading plate (12), and a kneading cover (13); the kneading cover (13) is connected to a first hot air branch pipe (14) for blowing hot air into the tea kneading barrel (11); The deblocking enzymatic hydrolysis machine (2) comprises a deblocking enzymatic hydrolysis tank (21), a vibrating screen (22) arranged at the bottom of the deblocking enzymatic hydrolysis tank (21), second hot air branch pipes (23) for blowing hot air toward the deblocking enzymatic hydrolysis tank (21) are arranged at both ends of the deblocking enzymatic hydrolysis tank (21), a group of third hot air branch pipes (24) are arranged at intervals on both sides of the deblocking enzymatic hydrolysis tank (21), and a group of fourth hot air branch pipes (25) are arranged at intervals at the bottom of the deblocking enzymatic hydrolysis tank (21); The dual hot air dryer (3) comprises a drying box (31), an electric heating device (32) arranged at the bottom of the drying box (31), and five layers of circulating chain plates (33) are arranged in the drying box (31), which are the first to fifth layers from bottom to top, and a fifth hot air branch pipe (34) for blowing hot air upwards is arranged above the third layer of the circulating chain plates (33); The wet hot air recovery, heating and purification device (4) comprises a recovery cover (41) located on the top of the drying box (31); the recovery cover (41) is connected to a heating and purification cabin (42); the heating and purification cabin (42) is connected to a hot air output device (43); the hot air output device (43) is connected to a first hot air branch pipe (14), a second hot air branch pipe (23), a third hot air branch pipe (24), a fourth hot air branch pipe (25) and a fifth hot air branch pipe (34).
2. The continuous kneading enzymatic hydrolysis drying machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The weighing and conveying device (5) comprises a feed hopper (51), a weighing platform (52) arranged below the feed hopper (51), and a lifting conveyor belt (53) connected to the weighing platform (52); the discharge port of the feed hopper (51) is provided with a discharge valve (511) for controlling the discharge of materials, and the weighing platform (52) comprises a weighing device (521) and a weighing conveyor belt (522) arranged above the weighing device (521).
3. The continuous kneading enzymatic hydrolysis drying machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lifting conveyor belt (53) is a 10-mesh stainless steel screen inclined conveyor belt. A metal debris detection and removal machine (54) is arranged on the lifting conveyor belt (53). The metal debris detection and removal machine (54) comprises an automatic metal detection and removal device (541) and an ion wind debris suction device (542).
4. The continuous kneading enzymatic hydrolysis drying machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The enzyme adding and batching machine (6) comprises a conveying carriage (61) arranged above the rolling machine (1), a batching conveyor belt (62) arranged at the bottom of the conveying carriage (61), and a feeder (63) is arranged at the discharge end of the batching conveyor belt (62); an enzyme adding device (64) for adding exogenous enzyme solution to tea leaves is arranged at the feed end of the conveying carriage (61), and a group of stirrers (65) are arranged in the conveying carriage (61); the feeder (63) is a cylindrical structure, and a distributor (66) is arranged at the bottom of the feeder (63).
5. The continuous kneading enzymatic hydrolysis drying machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The kneading cover (13) is provided with a drip irrigation enzyme doser (15), and the liquid outlet of the drip irrigation enzyme doser (15) is located below the air outlet of the first hot air branch pipe (14).
6. The continuous kneading enzymatic hydrolysis drying machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vibrating screen (22) is an uneven wave-like structure; one end of the deblocking enzymolysis tank (21) is provided with a fixed support leg (211), and the other end is provided with a movable support leg (212) that can be raised and lowered; the inclination angle of the deblocking enzymolysis tank (21) is adjusted by the up and down movement of the movable support leg (212).
7. The continuous kneading enzymatic hydrolysis drying machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: A group of deblocking manipulators (26) are arranged at intervals in the deblocking enzymatic hydrolysis tank (21), and the deblocking manipulators (26) include a rotating shaft (261) and a group of sawtooth material turners (262) arranged on the rotating shaft (261).
8. The continuous kneading enzymatic hydrolysis drying machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outlet of the recovery cover (41) is connected to a cleaning filter chamber (44), in which an 80-mesh stainless steel filter screen is arranged; and a suction fan (45) is arranged between the cleaning filter chamber (44) and the heating and purification chamber (42).
9. The continuous kneading enzymatic hydrolysis drying machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A group of electric heating tubes (421) are arranged at one end of the heating and purification chamber (42), and a 300-mesh stainless steel laser microporous filter (422) is arranged at the other end.
10. The method for operating the continuous kneading enzymatic hydrolysis drying machine according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: 1) Impurity removal, weighing, enzyme addition and feeding: Start the weighing device, metal debris detection and removal machine, lifting conveyor belt and enzyme addition batching machine; weigh and convey the tea leaves required for each rolling barrel in a quantitative manner, use the metal debris detection and removal machine to remove the hair, dust and metal debris carried by the buds and leaves; use the enzyme adder on the enzyme addition batching machine to spray the exogenous enzyme solution into the buds and leaves in a cloud form, so that clean and hygienic enzyme-added tea leaves can be fed into the rolling barrel; 2) Enzyme-added hot air kneading: start the kneading machine and the first hot air branch pipe, and sprinkle the exogenous enzyme solution into the kneading barrel through the drip irrigation enzyme adder, and add it to the kneaded leaves in a slow dripping manner as the kneading barrel rotates; set: the hot air input temperature is 43-45°C, the speed of the kneading barrel is 12-15r / min, and the kneading time is 35-40min, including light pressure kneading for 10min, pressurized 1 / 4 heavy kneading for 20-25min, and loose pressure kneading for 5min. When the cell breakage rate reaches 70-75%, the enzyme solution is integrated into the inner layer of the buds and leaves, and the machine is stopped and the material is discharged; 3) Hot air deblocking and dynamic enzymolysis: Hot air deblocking: Start the vibrating screen, open the second hot air branch pipe, the third hot air branch pipe, and the fourth hot air branch pipe, use the movable support legs to tilt the deblocking enzymolysis tank upward at a slope of 3-4°, set: the vibration frequency of the vibrating screen is 270-280 times / min, the hot air input temperature is 40-45℃, the deblocking time is 5-8min, the rolled tea balls are disbanded, and the green moisture is volatilized; Dynamic enzymolysis: Use the movable support legs to return the deblocking enzymolysis tank to a horizontal state, set: the hot air input temperature is 55 -60℃, the vibration frequency of the vibrating screen is 10-15 times / min, the enzymatic hydrolysis time is 2.5-3h, and the dynamic enzymatic hydrolysis reaction of polyphenol oxidase and exogenous enzymes in tea leaves is used to transform and form a large number of enzymatic hydrolysis products to optimize the quality of tea leaves; Tea discharging: Using the movable supporting legs, the deblocking enzymatic hydrolysis tank is tilted downward by 5-6°, and the vibration frequency of the vibrating screen is set to 300-320 times / min. The vibration effect of the screen, the thrust of the deblocking manipulator, and the blowing force of the hot air are used to promote the tea leaves on the screen in the tank to be transported to the feed port of the dryer; 4) Double hot air drying: Start the double hot air dryer, the wet hot air recovery and purification heating device, the purification hot air input pipe, set: the electric hot air temperature is 120-140℃, the recovery and purification hot air temperature is 85-90℃, the drying time is 10-15min, and double hot air is supplied for drying. When the moisture content of the tea leaves reaches 8-10%, stop the initial drying and discharge the materials to obtain the primary processed raw tea.