Marine carbon capture desorption tower and ship

Abstract

The invention discloses a marine carbon capture desorption tower and a ship, and the desorption tower comprises a tower body which is internally provided with a filler. The rich liquid inlet is formed in the upper part of the tower body and is communicated with the interior of the tower body and the rich liquid pipeline. The desorbed gas outlet is formed in the top of the tower body. The barren liquor outlet is formed in the left end of the bottom of the tower body. The rich liquid outlet is formed in the bottom of the tower body. The rich solution reboiling inlet is formed in the right end of the bottom of the tower body. And the rich liquor reboiler is communicated with the bottom of the tower body through a rich liquor reboiling inlet. The baffle is vertically arranged below the filler in the tower body and divides an internal area below the filler in the tower body into a left part and a right part, and the baffle is not in contact with the bottom of the filler. The reboiler is arranged at the bottom of the desorption tower, the rich liquid in the desorption tower is heated, and high-temperature gas heated by the reboiler flows through the desorption tower to continuously heat the filler section, so that part of the rich liquid is decomposed before entering the reboiler, the heating power of the reboiler is reduced, and the power required by the whole carbon capture system is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ships, and in particular to a ship-based carbon capture and desorption tower and a ship. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the global economy, people are paying more and more attention to the issue of marine carbon emissions, and marine carbon capture systems have emerged. Marine carbon capture systems use organic amine solutions to absorb CO2 in engine exhaust, and then decompose pure CO2, which is finally stored and used. After the organic amine solution absorbs CO2, it turns into a rich liquid. The CO2 in the rich liquid needs to be decomposed and stored, and the place where the decomposition reaction takes place is called a desorption tower. The desorption reaction is the most energy-consuming part of the carbon capture system, especially for small-power ships. The problem of high energy consumption of the desorption reaction will be magnified. Therefore, reducing the energy consumption of this part is the most critical issue in the current research on carbon capture systems.

[0003] Compared with the absorption tower, the working principle of the desorption tower is completely opposite. It needs to spray the rich liquid on the special filler to react at high temperature to decompose the mixed gas of water vapor and CO2, which is called desorption gas and is collected from the top of the tower; the organic amine solution after the decomposition reaction is called lean liquid, which is discharged from the bottom of the tower for recycling. The desorption tower needs to have a certain shape structure to decompose CO2. The filler height that directly affects the decomposition rate and the tower diameter that directly affects the desorption gas discharge flow rate are both important parameters for its design. In order to meet the sufficient carbon capture efficiency and the exhaust gas emissions of high-power ships, the existing ship carbon capture system design adopts a high tower design for the overall structure; the internal structure is mostly a double-layer filler design, and each layer is composed of filler support, filler, filler compression grid, and liquid distributor. The invention patent with application number "CN201822101983.4" discloses a carbon dioxide desorption device applied to cement kilns, which uses the reaction pre-waste heat to reduce the desorption power consumption and reduce the economic cost. However, this invention is only applicable to land equipment and cannot be used on ships.

[0004] At present, the marine carbon capture systems on the market usually use the carbon capture technology of tail gas emissions from land-based thermal power plants. The desorption towers in them have the disadvantages of high power consumption, difficulty in boarding ships, and low desorption efficiency. Some towers are 20 to 30 meters high. The towering carbon capture desorption towers have too high a center of gravity and are difficult to fix, making it difficult for ships to pass through bridges. These existing solutions are suitable for ships with large displacement and high engine power, and there are no solutions for ships with small displacement and low engine power operating in inland rivers. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention proposes a marine carbon capture and desorption tower and a ship. The desorption tower is suitable for small-power ships, is easy to install, and has low power consumption, solving the vacancy of small-power carbon capture system desorption towers in the current shipping industry.

[0006] The object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a marine carbon capture and desorption tower, comprising:

[0007] The tower body is provided with fillers inside.

[0008] The rich liquid inlet is arranged at the upper part of the tower body and connects the inside of the tower body with the rich liquid pipeline.

[0009] The desorption gas outlet is arranged at the top of the tower body.

[0010] The lean liquid outlet is arranged at the left end of the bottom of the tower body.

[0011] The rich liquid outlet is arranged at the bottom of the tower body.

[0012] The rich liquid reboiling inlet is arranged at the right end of the bottom of the tower body.

[0013] The rich liquid reboiler is connected with the bottom of the tower body through a rich liquid reboiler inlet.

[0014] The baffle is vertically arranged below the packing inside the tower body, dividing the internal area below the packing inside the tower body into two parts, the left half is the rich liquid area, and the right half is the lean liquid area. The baffle does not contact the bottom of the packing.

[0015] Preferably, the rich liquid inlet is deep into the tower body and a spray head is provided.

[0016] Preferably, a pressure gauge, a flow valve and a liquid level switch are provided on one side of the spray head.

[0017] Preferably, the desorption gas outlet is provided with a safety valve.

[0018] Preferably, a wire mesh demister is provided between the rich liquid inlet and the desorbed gas outlet.

[0019] Preferably, liquid level gauges are respectively provided at the bottom of the lean liquid zone and the rich liquid zone.

[0020] Preferably, a temperature monitoring device is provided at the bottom of the tower body.

[0021] In addition to providing a marine carbon capture and desorption tower, the present invention further provides a ship provided with the marine carbon capture and desorption tower.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0023] The present invention provides a marine carbon capture desorption tower and a ship. A reboiler is arranged at the bottom of the desorption tower to heat, decompose and evaporate the rich liquid in the desorption tower to convert it into a lean liquid and gaseous CO2. The lean liquid flows downward into the lean liquid zone and then flows out from the lean liquid outlet for recycling. At the same time, the high-temperature gas heated, decomposed and evaporated by the reboiler flows through the desorption tower and can continue to heat the entire desorption tower filling section, so that part of the rich liquid is decomposed before entering the reboiler, thereby reducing the heating power of the reboiler, thereby reducing the power required for the overall carbon capture system.

[0024] The desorption tower provided by the present invention has a simple internal structure, greatly reducing the difficulty of manufacturing. The desorption tower provided by the present invention has a lower system height, lower desorption power consumption, and is more suitable for small ships. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a marine carbon capture and desorption tower in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of a marine carbon capture and desorption tower in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a marine carbon capture and desorption tower in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of a marine carbon capture and desorption tower in a carbon capture system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] In the figure, 1 is the tower body; 2 is the filler; 3 is the rich liquid inlet; 4 is the desorption gas outlet; 5 is the lean liquid outlet; 6 is the rich liquid outlet; 7 is the rich liquid reboiler inlet; 8 is the rich liquid reboiler; 9 is the baffle; 10 is the spray head; 11 is the pressure gauge; 12 is the liquid level switch; 13 is the safety valve; 14 is the wire mesh demister; 15 is the liquid level meter; 16 is the temperature monitoring device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, rather than to limit the present invention. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only parts related to the present invention, rather than all structures, are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0031] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the technical solution of the present invention provides a marine carbon capture and desorption tower, comprising:

[0032] The tower body 1 has fillers 2 arranged inside.

[0033] The rich liquid inlet 3 is arranged at the upper part of the tower body 1 and communicates the interior of the tower body 1 with the rich liquid pipeline.

[0034] The desorption gas outlet 4 is arranged at the top of the tower body 1 .

[0035] The lean liquid outlet 5 is arranged at the left end of the bottom of the tower body 1 .

[0036] The rich liquid outlet 6 is arranged at the bottom of the tower body 1 .

[0037] The rich liquid reboiling inlet 7 is arranged at the right end of the bottom of the tower body 1 .

[0038] The rich liquid reboiler 8 is connected to the bottom of the tower body 1 through the rich liquid reboiler inlet 7 .

[0039] The baffle 9 is vertically arranged below the filler 2 inside the tower body 1, dividing the internal area below the filler 2 in the tower body 1 into two parts, the left half is the rich liquid area, and the right half is the lean liquid area. The baffle 9 does not contact the bottom of the filler 2.

[0040] like Figure 3 As shown, in one embodiment of the present invention, the rich liquid inlet 3 penetrates into the tower body 1 and a spray head 10 is provided.

[0041] like Figure 3 As shown, in one embodiment of the present invention, a pressure gauge 11, a flow valve and a liquid level switch 12 are provided on one side of the sprinkler head 10.

[0042] like Figure 3 As shown, in one embodiment of the present invention, the desorption gas outlet 4 is provided with a safety valve 13 .

[0043] like Figure 3 As shown, in one embodiment of the present invention, a wire mesh demister 14 is provided between the rich liquid inlet 3 and the desorbed gas outlet 4 .

[0044] like Figure 3 As shown, in one embodiment of the present invention, liquid level gauges 15 are respectively provided at the bottom of the lean liquid zone and the rich liquid zone.

[0045] like Figure 3 As shown, in one embodiment of the present invention, a temperature monitoring device 16 is provided at the bottom of the tower body.

[0046] The following is a specific example to further illustrate the ship carbon capture desorption tower provided by the present invention. In this embodiment, the structure of the ship carbon capture desorption tower is as follows: Figures 1 to 3 As shown:

[0047] The desorption tower is suitable for small-power ships. Since the amount of rich liquid to be decomposed is small and the CO2 produced is also small, the floor space of the desorption tower can be designed to be very small and the packing height does not need to be very high. Therefore, the desorption tower is designed with a single-layer packing 2 and does not require a liquid distributor, such as Figure 2As shown in the figure, the tower is 4m high, which greatly reduces the tower height and occupied space. Figure 3 As shown, after the absorbent absorbs CO2, it is transformed into rich liquid, which is sprayed into the desorption tower from the rich liquid inlet 3, fully contacts with the packing 2 in the desorption tower, and falls to the bottom of the packing 2 due to gravity. Due to the presence of the baffle 9, the rich liquid will only flow into the rich liquid area on the left, and then be heated, decomposed, and evaporated by the reboiler 8 to be transformed into liquid lean liquid and gaseous CO2. The lean liquid flows downward into the lean liquid area on the right, and then flows out from the lean liquid outlet for recycling, while the gaseous CO2 flows upward from the upper gap of the middle baffle 9 and flows out from the desorption gas outlet 4 at the top of the desorption tower. At the same time, the high-temperature gas heated, decomposed, and evaporated by the reboiler flows through the desorption tower and can continue to heat the entire desorption tower packing section, so that part of the rich liquid is decomposed before entering the reboiler 8, reducing the heating power of the reboiler 8, thereby reducing the power required for the overall carbon capture system. As shown Figure 3 As shown, since the desorption tower is a high-temperature and high-pressure container, a safety valve 13 is set on the top to ensure the safety of the desorption tower; at the same time, a pressure gauge 11 and a flow valve are set to complete the pressure maintenance of the desorption tower and ensure the optimal reaction pressure in the desorption tower; the liquid level switch 12 is used to prevent the "liquid flooding" phenomenon in the desorption tower. The lean and rich liquid areas at the bottom of the desorption tower are respectively provided with a flap level gauge 15 to monitor the liquid level of the lean and rich liquid areas in real time; at the same time, the temperature monitoring device 16 monitors the temperature and adjusts the power of the reboiler 8 in real time to ensure the optimal reaction temperature in the desorption tower.

[0048] like Figure 4 As shown, in addition to providing a ship-based carbon capture and desorption tower, the technical solution of the present invention further provides a ship equipped with the ship-based carbon capture and desorption tower. Figure 4 In the figure, the framed part is where the carbon capture and desorption tower is set.

[0049] The above are preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A marine carbon capture and desorption tower, characterized in that: The desorption tower comprises: A tower body (1) having a filler (2) arranged therein; A rich liquid inlet (3) is arranged at the upper part of the tower body (1) and connects the interior of the tower body (1) with the rich liquid pipeline; A desorbed gas outlet (4) is arranged at the top of the tower body (1); A lean liquid outlet (5) is arranged at the left end of the bottom of the tower body (1); A rich liquid outlet (6) is arranged at the bottom of the tower body (1); A rich liquid reboiling inlet (7) is arranged at the right end of the bottom of the tower body (1); A rich liquid reboiler (8) connected to the bottom of the tower body (1) through the rich liquid reboiler inlet (7); A baffle (9) is vertically arranged below the filler (2) inside the tower body (1) to divide the internal area below the filler (2) inside the tower body (1) into left and right parts, wherein the left half is a rich liquid area and the right half is a lean liquid area, and the baffle (9) does not contact the bottom of the filler (2).

2. A marine carbon capture and desorption tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rich liquid inlet (3) is inserted deep into the tower body (1) and is provided with a spray head (10).

3. A marine carbon capture and desorption tower as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: A pressure gauge (11), a flow valve and a liquid level switch (12) are provided on one side of the spray head (10).

4. A marine carbon capture and desorption tower as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The desorbed gas outlet (4) is provided with a safety valve (13).

5. A marine carbon capture and desorption tower as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: A wire mesh demister (14) is provided between the rich liquid inlet (3) and the desorbed gas outlet (4).

6. A marine carbon capture and desorption tower as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: Liquid level meters (15) are respectively arranged at the bottom of the lean liquid zone and the rich liquid zone.

7. A marine carbon capture and desorption tower as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: A temperature monitoring device (16) is provided at the bottom of the tower body.

8. A ship, wherein a carbon capture system is provided on the ship, characterized in that: The carbon capture system is provided with a marine carbon capture and desorption tower as described in any one of claims 1-7.

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