Coal crusher for thermal power generation

Abstract

The invention relates to a coal crusher for thermal power generation. The device comprises a feeding hopper, a conveying pipe, a crushing box, a screening box and related conveying components. A conveying pipe is connected below the feeding hopper, an auger rod in the conveying pipe is driven by a motor to feed materials to the smashing box, and the two smashing rollers in the box are driven by the motor and cooperatively smash the materials through gear meshing. Crushed materials fall into a vibrating screen plate in a screening box, vibration of the materials is achieved by driving a combined vibrating assembly through a synchronous belt and the like by a crushing roller, and the materials are screened by the screen plate. Qualified materials are output through the guide plate and the like, and unqualified materials are conveyed back to the feeding hopper through the conveying belt to be smashed for the second time. The device can efficiently crush, accurately screen and smoothly convey materials, can circularly treat the materials, effectively improves the pretreatment quality and efficiency of the thermal power generation materials, and is high in practicability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of thermal power generation, and in particular to a coal crusher for thermal power generation. Background Art

[0002] Some traditional coal crushers often use a single-roller crushing structure or a double-roller non-coordinated crushing method. The single-roller crushing structure has limited crushing capacity when facing larger pieces of material, and it is easy to have insufficient material crushing, resulting in some large pieces of material remaining, and requiring subsequent additional processing steps to make it reach the appropriate particle size. In the double-roller non-coordinated crushing method, the two crushing rollers are not tightly matched, and the material cannot be squeezed and crushed efficiently, which also affects the crushing efficiency, making the overall material crushing time longer, and it is difficult to meet the needs of large-scale thermal power generation production for fast and efficient material crushing.

[0003] Screening accuracy

[0004] In the screening process after material crushing, the screening device design of many traditional coal crushers is relatively simple and crude. For example, in the form of static screens or simple vibrating screens, the static screen screening relies entirely on the material's own gravity to fall, which is prone to clogging of the screen holes, resulting in the failure of materials that meet the particle size requirements to pass through the screen in time, while materials that do not meet the particle size requirements are mixed in, affecting the quality of subsequent materials. Although the simple vibrating screen has a certain vibration-assisted screening function, the vibration frequency, amplitude, etc. are uncontrollable or the control is not precise enough, resulting in poor screening accuracy and failure to distinguish materials of different particle sizes, which in turn affects the quality control of the entire material processing process.

[0005] Material transportation

[0006] There are also many problems in the transportation link during the entire process from the material entering the coal crusher to the output after crushing. When feeding, some coal crushers are prone to uneven material feeding and clogging of the feed port due to the lack of effective guidance and conveying structure, which affects the subsequent crushing operation. In the process of outputting materials after crushing, some methods that rely on gravity self-flow or simple scraper conveying often cause poor conveying due to factors such as material viscosity and uneven particle size, and even cause material accumulation inside the equipment, which not only affects the normal operation of the equipment, but also requires frequent manual cleaning, increasing labor costs and equipment maintenance costs, and reducing the reliability and continuity of the entire coal crusher.

[0007] Material recycling

[0008] For materials that do not meet the particle size requirements after the initial screening, most traditional coal crushers lack an effective recycling mechanism. Often, these unqualified materials need to be manually put into the coal crusher for secondary crushing. This operation method is not only inefficient, but also prone to operational errors, such as too much or too little input, which further affects the effect of crushing and screening, and it is difficult to ensure that the particle size of the final output material can stably meet the requirements of thermal power generation.

[0009] In view of the shortcomings of traditional coal crushers in the above-mentioned aspects, as the thermal power generation industry continues to develop in the direction of high efficiency, environmental protection and stable operation, the requirements for material crushing and pretreatment are also increasing. There is an urgent need for a coal crusher that can solve the above-mentioned problems and has the functions of efficient crushing, precise screening, smooth transportation and reasonable material circulation processing to meet the needs of thermal power generation for high-quality materials that meet the particle size requirements, improve the overall operating efficiency and economic benefits of thermal power generation, and at the same time reduce various negative effects caused by poor material handling, such as energy waste, environmental pollution, etc. Therefore, the thermal power generation coal crusher of the present invention came into being. Summary of the invention

[0010] In the process of thermal power generation, raw coal and other materials need to be crushed to achieve a suitable particle size for subsequent efficient use. However, traditional coal crushers often have problems such as low crushing efficiency, inaccurate screening, and unsmooth material transportation. The present invention aims to provide a thermal power generation coal crusher with a reasonable structure, which can efficiently crush materials and accurately screen them, while ensuring smooth material transportation, so as to improve the overall quality and efficiency of material pretreatment in thermal power generation.

[0011] Technical Solution

[0012] Overall structural layout

[0013] The thermal power generation coal crusher is mainly composed of a feed hopper, a conveying pipe, a crushing box, a screening box and subsequent discharging and conveying components.

[0014] Feeding and conveying part

[0015] A feeding funnel is provided, through which the materials enter the entire coal crusher system. The bottom of the feeding funnel is connected to the feeding pipe, and a first auger rod is inserted and rotated inside the feeding pipe, and the input end of the first auger rod is connected to the first motor. The first motor drives the first auger rod to rotate, and the spiral propulsion of the auger rod can be used to smoothly and orderly transport the materials entering the feeding pipe from the feeding funnel to the crushing box, ensuring that the materials can continuously and stably enter the subsequent crushing link.

[0016] Crushing part

[0017] The bottom end of the feeding pipe is connected to the crushing box, and two crushing rollers are symmetrically hinged inside the crushing box. The end of one of the crushing rollers is coaxially connected to the second motor, and the outer peripheral surfaces of the two crushing rollers away from the second motor are sleeved with gears, which are meshed with each other. After the second motor is started, it drives the crushing roller connected to it to rotate. With the help of the meshing gears, the other crushing roller will rotate synchronously and in the opposite direction. The two crushing rollers squeeze and crush the materials entering the crushing box, crushing the materials into relatively small particles, preparing for the subsequent screening process.

[0018] Screening part

[0019] A screening box is provided at the bottom of the crushing box. Two pull rods are hinged on both sides of the inner wall of the screening box. The same screen plate is provided at the lower end of the pull rods. The screen plate is placed at an angle. A top rod is provided horizontally at the higher end of the screen plate. A joint vibration assembly is provided at the end of the top rod. The structure of the joint vibration assembly is as follows:

[0020] A vertical pole is arranged at the end of the top rod, and a circular ring is arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the upper part of the pole near the crushing box. A plurality of arc-shaped recessed parts are arranged in an equidistant circular array at the end of the circular ring, and the upper part of the pole is slidably embedded in the arc-shaped recessed part. A rotating rod is coaxially arranged at the other end of the circular ring, and the rotating rod is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the screening box, and a first synchronous wheel is sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating rod. A second synchronous wheel is sleeved on the shaft end of the crushing roller away from the second motor, and the second synchronous wheel and the first synchronous wheel are sleeved with the same synchronous belt. When the crushing roller rotates, the first synchronous wheel, the rotating rod and the circular ring are driven to rotate by the synchronous belt. Due to the special matching structure of the vertical pole and the circular ring, the vertical pole vibrates up and down, and then the screen plate is driven to vibrate through the top rod. After the material falls on the screen plate, the material that meets the particle size requirements and the material that does not meet the particle size requirements can be separated under the vibration of the screen plate and the action of its own gravity.

[0021] Discharging and subsequent conveying

[0022] A guide plate is provided below the lower end of the sieve plate. The guide plate penetrates the outer wall of the screening box and forms a discharge port at its connection position. Materials that meet the particle size requirements can flow out through the guide plate through this discharge port after falling from the sieve plate. A connecting pipe is provided at the tail end of the guide plate, and a lifting pipe is provided at the tail end of the connecting pipe. A conveyor belt is provided above the lifting pipe. A second auger rod is rotatably inserted at the bottom end of the lifting pipe, and a third motor is coaxially provided at the bottom end of the second auger rod. Materials that do not meet the particle size requirements and fall on the guide plate will pass through the connecting pipe and the lifting pipe in turn. With the help of the third motor driving the second auger rod to rotate, the materials are lifted up to the conveyor belt. The conveyor belt can transport these unqualified materials back to the top of the feed hopper for secondary crushing and other treatments; and qualified materials that fall directly from the sieve plate can be transported to the corresponding collection device or the subsequent thermal power generation process through the conveyor belt to complete the entire material processing and transportation process.

[0023] Beneficial Effects

[0024] Improve crushing efficiency

[0025] Through the coordinated work of two crushing rollers with intermeshing gears, the material can be crushed efficiently and fully. Compared with the traditional single-roller crushing or non-coordinated double-roller crushing method, it can effectively reduce the situation where large pieces of material are missed and not crushed, improve the overall efficiency of material crushing, and ensure that the particle size of the material entering the subsequent links is more in line with the requirements.

[0026] Precise screening of materials

[0027] The screen plate is equipped with a unique combined vibration component, which uses the power of the rotation of the crushing roller to drive the screen plate to vibrate, making the screening process more stable and regular, and can more accurately distinguish materials that meet the particle size requirements from those that do not, thereby improving the accuracy of screening and facilitating subsequent targeted processing of materials of different particle sizes.

[0028] Ensure smooth material transportation

[0029] Starting from the feed funnel, different conveying components such as auger rods, conveyor belts and lifting pipes are used in conjunction with reasonable structural design to achieve smooth transportation of materials throughout the coal crusher and in the subsequent output process, reducing the occurrence of problems such as material blockage, ensuring that the entire device can operate continuously and stably, and providing strong guarantees for the material pretreatment link of thermal power generation.

[0030] Realize material recycling

[0031] For materials that do not meet the particle size requirements, they can be sent back to the feed funnel for secondary crushing through the conveyor belt, forming a material recycling processing mechanism, further ensuring that the final output materials can meet the required particle size standards, improving the material utilization rate as well as the practicality and applicability of the entire device.

[0032] To sum up, the thermal power generation coal crusher of the present invention has significant advantages in improving crushing efficiency, accurate screening, ensuring transportation and realizing material recycling processing through reasonable structural design and coordinated cooperation of various components, and can better meet the needs of material crushing processing in thermal power generation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only for the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0034] Figure 1It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a crushing box according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a combined vibration assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a lifting tube according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 6 For the embodiment of the present invention Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the enlarged local structure.

[0040] The markings in the figure are:

[0041] 1. Feed hopper; 2. Feed pipe; 3. First motor; 4. First auger rod; 5. Crushing box; 6. Crushing roller; 7. Gear; 8. Second motor; 9. Pull rod; 10. Screening box; 11. Screen plate; 12. Discharge port; 13. Guide plate; 14. Connecting pipe; 15. Lifting pipe; 16. Second auger rod; 17. Third motor; 18. Conveyor belt; 19. Baffle; 20. Top rod; 21. Vertical rod; 22. Ring; 23. Arc-shaped recessed part; 24. Rotating rod; 25. First synchronous wheel; 26. Synchronous belt; 27. Second synchronous wheel; 28. Tension spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. At the same time, it is explained here that in order to make the embodiments more detailed, the following embodiments are the best and preferred embodiments, and those skilled in the art may also adopt other alternatives to implement some known technologies; and the accompanying drawings are only for more specific description of the embodiments, and are not intended to specifically limit the present invention.

[0043] It should be noted that the references to "one embodiment", "an embodiment", "an exemplary embodiment", "some embodiments" and the like in the specification indicate that the embodiments described may include specific features, structures or characteristics, but not every embodiment may include the specific features, structures or characteristics. In addition, when a specific feature, structure or characteristic is described in conjunction with an embodiment, it should be within the knowledge of a person skilled in the art to implement such feature, structure or characteristic in conjunction with other embodiments (whether or not explicitly described).

[0044] In general, a term can be understood, at least in part, from its use in context. For example, depending, at least in part, on the context, the term "one or more" as used herein can be used to describe any feature, structure, or characteristic in the singular sense, or can be used to describe a combination of features, structures, or characteristics in the plural sense. Additionally, the term "based on" can be understood as not necessarily intended to convey an exclusive set of factors, but can instead, depending, at least in part, on the context, allow for the presence of other factors that are not necessarily explicitly described.

[0045] See also Figures 1 to 6

[0046] 1. Overall assembly of the device

[0047] Feed and conveying section assembly

[0048] First, the feed hopper 1 is fixedly installed to ensure that its position is stable and convenient for subsequent feeding operations. Next, the delivery pipe 2 is installed at the bottom of the feed hopper 1 to ensure a tight connection without leakage. Then, the first auger rod 4 is rotated and inserted into the delivery pipe 2 through a suitable bearing, so that the input end of the first auger rod 4 extends out of the delivery pipe 2 and is reliably connected to the output shaft of the first motor 3 through a coupling, ensuring that the first motor 3 can smoothly drive the first auger rod 4 to rotate, completing the assembly of the preliminary material conveying structure.

[0049] Crushing part assembly

[0050] The crushing box 5 is installed at the bottom end of the feeding pipe 2 to ensure that it is firmly connected. Two crushing rollers 6 are symmetrically installed inside the crushing box 5 through a suitable hinge structure to ensure that the crushing rollers 6 can rotate flexibly. The end of one of the crushing rollers 6 is selected and coaxially connected to the output shaft of the second motor 8, for example, by a key connection or other reliable method. At the same time, mutually meshing gears 7 are installed on the outer circumference of the two crushing rollers 6 away from the second motor 8, so as to ensure that the two crushing rollers 6 can achieve synchronous and opposite rotation under the drive of the second motor 8, and complete the construction of the crushing structure.

[0051] Screening section assembly

[0052] The screening box 10 is installed at the bottom of the crushing box 5 to ensure that the two are tightly connected without gaps. Two pull rods 9 are hingedly installed on both sides of the inner wall of the screening box 10, and the screen plate 11 is installed at the lower end of the pull rod 9, so that the screen plate 11 is placed at an angle. The angle can be reasonably adjusted according to the actual screening needs, for example, set to between 15°-30°. The top rod 20 is installed horizontally at the higher end of the screen plate 11, and the vertical rod 21 is installed vertically at the end of the top rod 20, so that the upper part of the vertical rod 21 close to the side of the crushing box 5 can cooperate with the circular ring 22, specifically, the upper part of the vertical rod 21 is slidably embedded in a plurality of arc-shaped recessed parts 23 opened in an equidistant circular array at the end of the circular ring 22. The rotating rod 24 is coaxially installed at the other end of the circular ring 22, and the rotating rod 24 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the screening box 10 through a bearing. A first synchronous wheel 25 is installed on the outer circumference of the rotating rod 24, and a second synchronous wheel 27 is installed on the shaft end of the crushing roller 6 away from the second motor 8. Then, a synchronous belt 26 is sleeved on the first synchronous wheel 25 and the second synchronous wheel 27 to complete the assembly of the screening vibration structure, so that the crushing roller 6 can drive the screen plate 11 to vibrate and screen when it rotates.

[0053] Assembly of discharge and subsequent conveying parts

[0054] A guide plate 13 is installed below the lower end of the screen plate 11 so that the guide plate 13 passes through the outer wall of the screening box 10, and a discharge port 12 is opened at the connection position to ensure smooth discharge. The connecting pipe 14 is installed at the tail end of the guide plate 13, and the lifting pipe 15 is installed at the tail end of the connecting pipe 14 to form a continuous material channel. A second auger rod 16 is inserted at the bottom end of the lifting pipe 15 through a bearing for rotation, and the bottom end of the second auger rod 16 is coaxially connected to a third motor 17 to provide power for lifting the material in the lifting pipe 15. Finally, a conveyor belt 18 is installed above the lifting pipe 15, and a number of baffles 19 are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the conveyor belt 18 as needed to prevent the material from sliding, thereby completing the assembly of the entire device.

[0055] 2. Operation of the device

[0056] Startup Preparation

[0057] After completing the assembly of the device and the installation and commissioning of each component, check whether the wiring of each motor, the first motor 3, the second motor 8, and the third motor 17 is correct, whether the rotation of each rotating component such as the auger rod, the crushing roller, the rotating rod, etc. is smooth, whether each connection part is firm, and whether the installation position of the screen plate 11 and other components is accurate. After confirmation, connect each motor to the corresponding power control system and prepare for startup.

[0058] Material conveying and crushing

[0059] The first motor 3 is started, and after the material enters the conveying pipe 2 from the feeding funnel 1, the first auger rod 4 starts to rotate under the drive of the first motor 3, and the material is smoothly conveyed to the crushing box 5 by means of spiral propulsion. At the same time, the second motor 8 is started to drive the crushing roller 6 connected thereto to rotate. Since the two crushing rollers 6 rotate synchronously through the meshing of the gears 7, the materials entering the crushing box 5 are squeezed and crushed in opposite directions, and the materials are crushed into smaller particles to prepare for subsequent screening.

[0060] Material screening

[0061] As the crushing roller 6 continues to rotate, the synchronous belt 26 drives the rotating rod 24, the ring 22 and other components to work together, thereby causing the screen plate 11 to vibrate. The crushed materials fall onto the screen plate 11, and the materials that meet the particle size requirements fall directly from the sieve holes of the screen plate 11 under the action of the vibration of the screen plate 11 and its own gravity; while the materials that do not meet the particle size requirements slide along the inclined angle of the screen plate 11 and finally fall on the guide plate 13.

[0062] Unqualified material handling and qualified material output

[0063] The unqualified materials falling on the guide plate 13 will pass through the connecting pipe 14 and the lifting pipe 15 along the guide plate 13 in sequence. In the lifting pipe 15, the third motor 17 drives the second auger rod 16 to rotate, lift the unqualified materials upward, and make them fall on the conveyor belt 18. The conveyor belt 18 relies on its own rotation and the baffle 19 on the outer wall to transport the unqualified materials to the top of the feed funnel 1 again and make them fall into the feed funnel 1, and then perform crushing, screening and other processes again until the materials meet the particle size requirements. The qualified materials that fall directly from the screen plate 11 can be collected by the corresponding collection device, or continue to be used in the subsequent thermal power generation process, completing the material processing process of the entire device.

[0064] The present invention covers any substitution, modification, equivalent method and scheme made on the essence and scope of the present invention. In order to make the public have a thorough understanding of the present invention, specific details are described in detail in the following preferred embodiments of the present invention, but those skilled in the art can fully understand the present invention without the description of these details. In addition, in order to avoid unnecessary confusion about the essence of the present invention, well-known methods, processes, procedures, components and circuits are not described in detail.

[0065] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A coal crusher for thermal power generation, comprising a feeding hopper (1), a feeding pipe (2) being provided at the bottom of the feeding hopper (1), a first auger rod (4) being rotatably inserted inside the feeding pipe (2), a first motor (3) being connected to the input end of the first auger rod (4), a crushing box (5) being connected to the bottom end of the feeding pipe (2), two crushing rollers (6) being symmetrically hinged inside the crushing box (5), a second motor (8) being coaxially connected to the end of one of the crushing rollers (6), a screening box (10) being provided at the bottom of the crushing box (5), two pull rods (9) being hinged on both sides of the inner wall of the screening box (10), a same sieve plate (11) being provided at the lower end of the pull rod (9), the sieve plate (11) being inclined, a top rod (20) being transversely provided at the higher end of the sieve plate (11), a joint vibration assembly for controlling the movement of the sieve plate (11) being provided at the end of the top rod (20), and characterized in that: The combined vibration assembly comprises a vertical rod (21) arranged at the end of the top rod (20); a circular ring (22) is provided on the upper outer circumferential surface of the vertical rod (21) near the crushing box (5); a plurality of arc-shaped recessed portions (23) are arranged in an equidistant circular array at the end of the circular ring (22); the upper portion of the vertical rod (21) is slidably embedded in the arc-shaped recessed portions (23); a rotating rod (24) is coaxially arranged at the other end of the circular ring (22); the rotating rod (24) is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the screening box (10); and the outer circumferential surface of the rotating rod (24) is sleeved with a first coaxially extending outer wall. A step wheel (25), a second synchronous wheel (27) is sleeved on the shaft end of the crushing roller (6) away from the second motor (8), the second synchronous wheel (27) and the first synchronous wheel (25) are sleeved with the same synchronous belt (26), a guide plate (13) is provided below the lower end of the sieve plate (11), the guide plate (13) passes through the outer wall of the screening box (10), a connecting pipe (14) is provided at the rear end of the guide plate (13), a lifting pipe (15) is provided at the rear end of the connecting pipe (14), and a conveyor belt (18) is provided above the lifting pipe (15).

2. A coal crusher for thermal power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the conveyor belt (18) is provided with a plurality of baffles (19) distributed at equal distances.

3. A coal crusher for thermal power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second auger rod (16) is rotatably inserted at the bottom end of the lifting tube (15), and a third motor (17) is coaxially arranged at the bottom end of the second auger rod (16).

4. A coal crusher for thermal power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer peripheral surface of the crushing roller (6) away from the second motor (8) is sleeved with gears (7), which are meshed with each other.

5. A coal crusher for thermal power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical rod (21) and the outer wall of the screening box (10) are connected by a same tension spring (28).

6. A coal crusher for thermal power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: A discharge port (12) is provided at the connection position between the screening box (10) and the guide plate (13).

Images