Intelligent crushing method of Caragana korshinskii litter

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of intelligent crushing method of caragana litter, including: measuring the moisture content of caragana litter, determining the maximum addition amount of brittle material; placing caragana litter in a crushing device for crushing, while monitoring the winding degree of rotating shaft and cutter; if the winding degree of rotating shaft or cutter exceeds threshold value A, the tool speed is lowered by 5%-10%; if the winding degree still exceeds threshold value A, add brittle material of maximum addition amount 30%-40% to caragana litter; if the winding degree still exceeds threshold value A, continue to add 30%-40% brittle material, make the brittle material addition amount reach 60%-80%; if the winding degree still exceeds threshold value A, monitor the dust amount; when the dust amount is greater than threshold value B, the tool speed is further lowered by 5%-10%; when the dust amount is less than or equal to threshold value B, add brittle material to the maximum addition amount. The method can effectively reduce the winding of caragana litter to rotating shaft or cutter during the crushing process, thereby avoiding tool deformation or aggravated shaft wear.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of caragana litter treatment, and more specifically, to an intelligent crushing method for caragana litter. Background Art

[0002] As a common and abundant lignocellulose raw material, Caragana korshinskii has a high utilization value in the fields of biomass energy development and feed processing. However, Caragana korshinskii has its own significant characteristics and its high hardness, which makes its crushing process face many challenges.

[0003] When traditional crushing equipment processes ordinary biomass materials, the tool speed design is relatively conventional and can meet basic crushing needs. This type of traditional crushing device usually has a simple structure, with the power source directly driving the tool rotation, and a single cutting chamber design, which is only suitable for general soft materials. However, when facing high-hardness materials such as caragana, if a conventional speed is used, the tool will find it difficult to cut in effectively and the caragana cannot be crushed to the ideal particle size, which greatly affects the efficiency and quality of subsequent processing procedures, and may even cause equipment blockage and frequent shutdowns for maintenance.

[0004] In order to overcome this problem and improve the efficiency of caragana crushing, the industry tends to significantly increase the speed of the cutter. With its powerful kinetic energy, the high-speed rotating cutter can forcefully impact the caragana, allowing the crushing process to proceed smoothly. At present, some improved caragana crushing devices have upgraded their power systems and adopted high-power motors to ensure that the cutters can reach high-speed operation. At the same time, the shape of the cutting chamber has been optimized to make it more in line with the principles of fluid mechanics and facilitate the smooth flow of materials under high-speed rotation. However, as the speed of the cutter increases, new and thorny problems arise.

[0005] Since caragana fibers are slender and highly flexible, they are easily entangled around high-speed rotating tools and shafts due to factors such as air flow disturbance and mechanical friction. Once entanglement is formed, it will not only weaken the tool's crushing force on the caragana and reduce the crushing effect, but will also continue to accumulate, causing a sudden increase in tool load and a surge in energy consumption. In severe cases, it may even cause tool deformation and shaft jamming, greatly shortening the service life of the equipment and increasing production costs, becoming a key technical bottleneck restricting the efficient crushing and utilization of caragana. In addition, most existing crushing devices lack an effective mechanism for monitoring and responding to entanglement problems. They can only be shut down for maintenance when the entanglement situation is already very serious and the equipment shows obvious signs of failure, which further exacerbates the instability and cost loss in the production process. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention provides an intelligent crushing method for caragana litter, which can effectively reduce the entanglement of caragana litter on a rotating shaft or a cutter during the crushing process, thereby avoiding deformation of the cutter or increased wear of the rotating shaft.

[0007] In order to achieve these purposes and other advantages of the present invention, the present invention provides an intelligent crushing method for caragana litter, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1. Measure the moisture content of Caragana korshinskii litter, and determine the maximum amount of brittle material added according to the moisture content of Caragana korshinskii litter;

[0009] S2, placing the caragana litter into a crushing device, crushing it at a predetermined tool speed, and monitoring the degree of entanglement between the rotating shaft and the tool in the crushing device and the caragana litter;

[0010] S3, if the winding degree of any one of the rotating shaft or the tool exceeds a threshold value A, reducing the tool speed by 5-10%;

[0011] S4, continue to monitor the entanglement degree of the rotating shaft and the cutter in the pulverizing device, if the entanglement degree of either the rotating shaft or the cutter still exceeds the threshold value A, add 30-40% of the maximum amount of brittle materials to the caragana litter in the pulverizing device, and continue to monitor the entanglement degree of the rotating shaft and the cutter in the pulverizing device;

[0012] S5. If the degree of entanglement of any one of the rotating shaft or the cutting tool still exceeds the threshold value A, continue to add 30-40% of the maximum amount of brittle materials to the caragana litter in the crushing device, so that the amount of brittle materials added reaches 60-80% of the maximum amount, and continue to monitor the degree of entanglement of the rotating shaft and the cutting tool in the crushing device;

[0013] S6. If the degree of winding of any one of the rotating shaft or the cutting tool still exceeds threshold value A, monitor the amount of dust near the crushing equipment. When the amount of dust is greater than threshold value B, further reduce the speed of the cutting tool by 5-10%. When the amount of dust is less than or equal to threshold value B, further add brittle materials to the maximum amount.

[0014] Preferably, measuring the moisture content of Caragana korshinskii litter in step S1 specifically includes:

[0015] S101, an accurate electronic balance with an accuracy of 0.001 grams; an air drying oven with a temperature control accuracy of ±1°C and a drying temperature of 105°C; a drying box with anhydrous calcium chloride desiccant built in the drying box;

[0016] S102. Randomly select 10 Caragana litter plants from a batch of Caragana litter plants to be crushed, select the middle part with uniform thickness, cut it into small pieces of 10 cm as samples, and obtain a total of 50 Caragana litter samples;

[0017] S103, using the electronic balance to measure the 50 Caragana korshinskii litter samples, and recording the mass of each Caragana korshinskii litter sample;

[0018] S103, opening the blast drying oven, and after the temperature is stabilized at 105° C., placing the 50 Caragana korshinskii litter samples into the blast drying oven, and turning on the blast device, wherein the wind speed of the blast device is set to 2.3-2.5 m / s;

[0019] S104, drying for 3-4 hours, taking out samples every 15 minutes in the last hour, and testing whether the total mass change of 50 Caragana litter samples before and after the 15 minutes is less than 0.05 grams, if less than, then ending the drying and placing in the drying box to cool;

[0020] S105, measuring the weight of 50 Caragana korshinskii litter samples after cooling, and calculating the weight of each Caragana korshinskii litter sample;

[0021] S106. Calculate the average water content of each Caragana korshinskii litter sample as the water content of this batch of Caragana korshinskii litter.

[0022] Preferably, the brittle material comprises:

[0023] The brittle material comprises:

[0024] The ratio of rice husk, corn straw particles and wheat bran is 1:1.2-2:1.5-2; and the maximum addition amount of the brittle material is: brittle material mass / caragana litter mass=w%, and the moisture content of caragana litter is v%, w=v×L, L is 1.5-2.5;

[0025] Among them, if the caragana litter is crushed and used as biomass fuel, then w=v×M, M is 2-2.5; if the caragana litter is crushed and used for feed processing, then w=v×N, N is 1.5-2; if the caragana litter is crushed and used for paper making, then w=v×T, T is 1.8-2.3.

[0026] Preferably, the ratio of the rice husk, the corn stalk particles and the wheat bran is:

[0027] If the caragana litter is crushed and used as biomass fuel, the ratio of the three is 1:1.2-1.8:1.5-1.8;

[0028] If the caragana litter is crushed and used for feed processing, the ratio of the three is 1:1.4-1.9:1.5-1.9;

[0029] If the caragana litter is crushed and used to make paper, the ratio of the three will be 1:1.5-2:1.6-1.8.

[0030] Preferably, in step S2, the degree of entanglement of the rotating shaft and the cutter in the pulverizing device is simultaneously monitored, specifically including:

[0031] S201, evenly disposing a plurality of optical fiber sensors above and below the rotation plane of the tool and at both ends of the rotating shaft, wherein the optical fiber sensors disposed above and below the rotation plane of the tool are 2-3 cm away from the tool surface, and the optical fiber sensors disposed at both ends of the rotating shaft are 1-2 cm away from the rotating shaft surface;

[0032] S202, before starting the pulverizing device, recording and storing baseline data of light reflection or refraction in a non-entangled state;

[0033] S203. During the operation of the crushing equipment, the plurality of optical fiber sensors work continuously. When the caragana fiber begins to entangle the cutter or the shaft, the propagation path of the light changes, and the intensity and angle of the reflected or refracted light also change accordingly, and the degree of entanglement is judged accordingly.

[0034] Preferably, it also includes:

[0035] If the caragana litter is crushed and used as biomass fuel, the final particle size is 5-10 mm;

[0036] If the caragana litter is crushed and used for feed processing, the final particle size is 1-10 mm;

[0037] If the caragana litter is crushed and used for paper making, the final particle size is 1-5 mm.

[0038] Preferably, when the dust amount is greater than a threshold value B in step S6, the step further includes:

[0039] The spray humidification device in the workshop ventilation system is started to spray purified water mist with a diameter of 10-20 microns.

[0040] Preferably, the method further includes: measuring the humidity near the optical fiber sensor, and when the humidity is greater than a threshold value C, the spray humidification device stops spraying and returns to S6.

[0041] Preferably, the threshold value C is set to 60% RH.

[0042] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0043] First, by continuously monitoring the degree of entanglement between the shaft and the cutter during the crushing process, and adjusting the cutter speed and the amount of brittle material added according to the degree of entanglement, the entanglement of the caragana litter on the equipment during the crushing process can be effectively reduced. When the degree of entanglement exceeds the threshold A, the cutter speed is first reduced. By reducing the speed, the speed and force of the fibers being thrown can be reduced, thereby reducing the probability of the caragana litter fibers being entangled with each other and entangled on the cutter or the shaft.

[0044] Second, when lowering the speed cannot effectively solve the entanglement problem, add brittle materials. Brittle materials can change the overall mechanical properties of the mixture with caragana litter, making it difficult for caragana litter to form long and flexible fibers during the crushing process, making it easier to be crushed, thereby reducing entanglement. Each time a certain proportion of brittle materials is added, that is, the maximum addition amount is 30%-40%, and the properties of the materials are gradually adjusted. In this way, the best material ratio that can ensure the crushing effect and reduce entanglement can be accurately found.

[0045] Third, while considering the entanglement problem, we also paid attention to the problem that brittle materials are prone to generate dust. When the degree of entanglement cannot be solved after multiple adjustments, and the amount of dust is greater than threshold B, the tool speed is further reduced. Since lowering the speed can reduce the generation of dust to a certain extent. When the amount of dust is less than or equal to threshold B, continue to add brittle materials. In this way, the entanglement problem can be solved as much as possible by adding brittle materials under the premise of controlling dust, thereby ensuring the air quality of the working environment while taking into account the crushing efficiency.

[0046] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be embodied in part through the following description, and in part will be understood by those skilled in the art through study and practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the process of the intelligent crushing method of Caragana korshinskii litter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can implement the invention with reference to the description.

[0049] It should be understood that the terms such as “having”, “including” and “comprising” used herein do not exclude the existence or addition of one or more other elements or combinations thereof.

[0050] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides an intelligent crushing method for caragana litter, comprising the following steps:

[0051] S1. Measure the moisture content of Caragana korshinskii litter, and determine the maximum amount of brittle material to be added according to the moisture content of Caragana korshinskii litter;

[0052] S2, placing the caragana litter into a crushing device, crushing it at a predetermined tool speed, and monitoring the degree of entanglement between the rotating shaft and the tool in the crushing device and the caragana litter;

[0053] S3, if the winding degree of any one of the rotating shaft or the tool exceeds the threshold value A, the tool speed is reduced by 5%-10%;

[0054] S4, continue to monitor the entanglement degree of the rotating shaft and the cutter in the pulverizing device, if the entanglement degree of either the rotating shaft or the cutter still exceeds the threshold value A, add 30%-40% of the maximum amount of brittle materials to the caragana litter in the pulverizing device, and continue to monitor the entanglement degree of the rotating shaft and the cutter in the pulverizing device;

[0055] S5. If the degree of entanglement of any one of the rotating shaft or the cutting tool still exceeds the threshold value A, continue to add 30%-40% of the maximum amount of brittle materials to the caragana litter in the crushing device, so that the amount of brittle materials added reaches 60%-80% of the maximum amount, and continue to monitor the degree of entanglement of the rotating shaft and the cutting tool in the crushing device;

[0056] S6. If the degree of entanglement of any one of the rotating shaft or the cutting tool still exceeds threshold value A, monitor the amount of dust near the crushing equipment. When the amount of dust is greater than threshold value B, further reduce the speed of the cutting tool by 5%-10%. When the amount of dust is less than or equal to threshold value B, further add brittle materials to the maximum amount.

[0057] In the above embodiment, the caragana litter is the litter that falls off from the caragana, including caragana root, branch and leaf litter. If the length of the caragana branch or the caragana root is relatively long, the caragana branch or root needs to be cut. Generally speaking, the water content of caragana leaves is high, and the water content of caragana leaves changes when air-dried: the maximum is 78.25% in June during the pod period, 77.84% in May during the flowering period, and the minimum is 76.08% in October during the yellowing period. The water content of the air-dried mixed sample of caragana branches and leaves is the largest in May, which is about more than 50%, and the smallest is more than 20% from September to October. In this embodiment, the caragana litter adopts a mixed sample of caragana branches and leaves.

[0058] In the above embodiment, by continuously monitoring the degree of entanglement between the rotating shaft and the cutter during the crushing process, and adjusting the cutter speed and adding brittle materials according to the degree of entanglement, the entanglement of the caragana litter on the equipment during the crushing process can be effectively reduced. When the degree of entanglement exceeds the threshold value A, the cutter speed is first lowered. By lowering the speed, the speed and force of the fibers being thrown can be reduced, thereby reducing the probability of the caragana litter fibers being entangled with each other and entangled on the cutter or the rotating shaft. When lowering the speed cannot effectively solve the entanglement problem, brittle materials are added. Brittle materials can change the overall mechanical properties of the mixture with caragana litter, making it difficult to form long and flexible fibers during the crushing process, thereby reducing entanglement. A certain proportion of brittle materials is added each time, that is, the maximum addition amount is 30%-40%, and the properties of the materials are gradually adjusted, so that the best material ratio that can both ensure the crushing effect and reduce entanglement can be accurately found. While considering the entanglement problem, attention is also paid to the problem that brittle materials are prone to dust. When the degree of entanglement cannot be solved after multiple adjustments, and the amount of dust is greater than the threshold value B, the cutter speed is further lowered. Because lowering the speed can reduce the generation of dust to a certain extent. When the dust amount is less than or equal to the threshold value B, continue to add brittle materials. In this way, the entanglement problem can be solved as much as possible by adding brittle materials under the premise of controlling the dust, thereby ensuring the air quality of the working environment while taking into account the crushing efficiency.

[0059] It should be noted that in the above embodiment, the value of the threshold A is preferably 2 to 2.5, which is in the range of moderate entanglement. If the degree of entanglement is required to be lighter during crushing, the threshold A can be set to be in the range of mild entanglement. In this embodiment, the entanglement degree W is divided into mild entanglement, moderate entanglement and severe entanglement. When When , it is moderately entangled; when The dust volume threshold value B is preferably in the range of 2-6 g / m3, and the specific value of the threshold value B can be specifically limited according to actual conditions.

[0060] In one specific implementation manner, measuring the moisture content of Caragana korshinskii litter in step S1 specifically includes:

[0061] S101, an accurate electronic balance with an accuracy of 0.001 grams; an air drying oven with a temperature control accuracy of ±1°C and a drying temperature of 105°C; a drying box with anhydrous calcium chloride desiccant built in the drying box;

[0062] S102. Randomly select 10 Caragana litter plants from a batch of Caragana litter to be crushed, select the middle part (including branches and leaves) with uniform thickness, cut them into small sections of 10 cm as samples, and obtain a total of 50 Caragana litter samples;

[0063] S103, using the electronic balance to measure the 50 Caragana korshinskii litter samples, and recording the mass of each Caragana korshinskii litter sample;

[0064] S103, opening the blast drying oven, and after the temperature is stabilized at 105° C., placing the 50 Caragana korshinskii litter samples into the blast drying oven, and turning on the blast device, wherein the wind speed of the blast device is set to 2.3-2.5 m / s;

[0065] S104, drying for 3-4 hours, taking out samples every 15 minutes in the last hour, and testing whether the total mass change of 50 Caragana litter samples before and after the 15 minutes is less than 0.05 grams, if less than, then ending the drying and placing in the drying box to cool;

[0066] S105, measuring the weight of 50 Caragana korshinskii litter samples after cooling, and calculating the weight of each Caragana korshinskii litter sample;

[0067] S106. Calculate the average water content of each Caragana korshinskii litter sample as the water content of this batch of Caragana korshinskii litter.

[0068] In the above implementation, the specific experimental steps are as follows:

[0069] A. Initial mass measurement: 50 Caragana litter samples were measured using an electronic balance with an accuracy of 0.001 g, and the initial mass data of each sample was recorded as shown in Table 1 below (unit: g, only some sample data are shown):

[0070] Table 1 Initial mass of each sample

[0071]

[0072] After calculation, the total initial mass of 50 Caragana korshinskii litter samples was 1235.678 grams.

[0073] B. Normal drying process

[0074] Drying operation: Open the blast drying oven with a temperature control accuracy of ±1°C and set the drying temperature to 105°C. After the temperature stabilizes at 105°C, put 50 Caragana litter samples into the drying oven, turn on the blast device, and set the wind speed to 2.3-2.5m / s. Dry for 3.5 hours (selected within this time range). In the last hour, take out samples every 15 minutes for quality testing. The data are recorded as shown in Table 2 below:

[0075] Table 2 Quality changes at different drying times

[0076]

[0077] Since the last mass change was less than 0.05 g, the drying was terminated and the sample was placed in a drying box with a built-in anhydrous calcium chloride desiccant to cool. The cooling time was controlled within 40 minutes (within the range of 30-50 minutes) to allow the sample temperature to equilibrate with room temperature.

[0078] Mass measurement after cooling: The mass of 50 Caragana korshinskii litter samples after cooling was measured using an electronic balance. The mass data of each sample is shown in Table 3 below (unit: gram, only some sample data are shown):

[0079] Table 3 Mass of each sample after cooling

[0080]

[0081] After calculation, the total mass of 50 Caragana litter samples after cooling was: 858.287 grams (consistent with the mass of the last drying test, which is logical).

[0082] C. Calculation of moisture content: According to the moisture content calculation formula: Moisture content = (initial total weight - total weight after drying) ÷ initial total weight × 100%, the moisture content of this batch of Caragana litter is: 30.703%.

[0083] Comparative example (changing the drying time to 5 hours):

[0084] Drying operation: Under the same conditions, another group of 50 Caragana litter samples were placed in the drying oven, the air blowing device was turned on, the wind speed was set to 2.3-2.5m / s, and the drying was carried out for 5 hours (exceeding the 3-4 hours range set in the original experiment). In the last hour, samples were taken out every 15 minutes for quality testing, and the data were recorded as shown in Table 4 below:

[0085] Table 4 Quality changes at different drying times

[0086]

[0087] After drying, place the samples in a drying box and cool for 45 minutes (within 30-50 minutes) to balance the temperature with the room temperature. Then measure the weight of the 50 cooled Caragana litter samples. The weight data of each sample is shown in Table 5 below (unit: grams, only some sample data are shown):

[0088] Table 5 Mass of each sample after cooling

[0089]

[0090] After calculation, the total mass of 50 Caragana korshinskii litter samples after cooling is: 856.268 grams.

[0091] Moisture content calculation: According to the moisture content calculation formula, the moisture content of this batch of Caragana litter in the comparative example is: (1235.678-856.268) / 1235.678=30.704%.

[0092] By comparing the experimental results of normal drying time (3-4 hours) and extended drying time (5 hours), it can be found that under the experimental conditions, after the drying time was extended, the moisture content of Caragana korshinskii litter increased slightly, but the change was small. This shows that within a certain range, the drying time has relatively little effect on the determination results of the final moisture content of Caragana korshinskii litter, but from the perspective of energy saving and experimental efficiency, it is a more appropriate choice to operate according to the original setting of 3-4 hours of drying time.

[0093] In one specific embodiment, the brittle object comprises:

[0094] The ratio of rice husk, corn straw particles and wheat bran is 1:1.2-2:1.5-2; and the maximum addition amount of the brittle material is: brittle material mass / caragana litter mass=w%, and the moisture content of caragana litter is v%, w=v×L, L is 1.5-2.5;

[0095] Among them, if the caragana litter is crushed and used as biomass fuel, then w=v×M, M is 2-2.5; if the caragana litter is crushed and used for feed processing, then w=v×N, N is 1.5-2; if the caragana litter is crushed and used for paper making, then w=v×T, T is 1.8-2.3.

[0096] Wherein, the ratio of the rice husk, the corn stalk particles and the wheat bran is:

[0097] If the caragana litter is crushed and used as biomass fuel, the ratio of the three is 1:1.2-1.8:1.5-1.8;

[0098] If the caragana litter is crushed and used for feed processing, the ratio of the three is 1:1.4-1.9:1.5-1.9;

[0099] If the caragana litter is crushed and used to make paper, the ratio of the three will be 1:1.5-2:1.6-1.8.

[0100] The above implementation is tested and the data shown in Table 6 are obtained:

[0101] Table 6 Experimental data for different purposes

[0102]

[0103] In the above embodiment, the threshold value A is 2.3, and can also be specifically limited according to actual conditions. For biomass fuel, a suitable ratio can ensure good combustion characteristics. When the ratio of rice husk, corn straw particles, and wheat bran is 1:1.2-1.8:1.5-1.8, this combination achieves a good energy release efficiency during the combustion process. Rice husk has a certain loose structure, which is conducive to air circulation and can provide a stable oxygen supply during combustion. The proportion of corn straw particles is moderate, and the cellulose, hemicellulose and other components contained in it can synergize with rice husk and wheat bran at this ratio, so that the fuel can continuously and stably release heat during the combustion process. Wheat bran contains certain carbohydrates and other components, which can help adjust the combustion speed of the fuel within this ratio range to avoid burning too fast or too slow. When the ratio is 1:1.4-1.9:1.5-1.9 for feed processing, it is more suitable from a nutritional point of view. Rice husk contains a certain amount of crude cellulose, which has a certain promoting effect on the digestive function of animals. Corn straw particles can provide rich energy substances, such as starch, within this ratio range, to provide sufficient energy for animal growth. Wheat bran contains more nutrients such as protein, vitamins and minerals. This ratio can ensure the balance of nutrients in the feed. For example, for ruminants, feed in this ratio can be better decomposed and utilized by microorganisms in the rumen, providing comprehensive nutritional support and promoting the growth and health of animals. For papermaking, when the ratio is 1:1.5-2:1.6-1.8, the fiber characteristics of rice husk, corn straw particles and wheat bran can be well coordinated. Rice husk fibers are relatively short. At this ratio, they can be interwoven with longer-fiber corn straw particles and wheat bran fibers. The fiber length and strength of corn straw particles can provide basic strength support for paper at this ratio, giving the paper a certain toughness. Wheat bran fibers can be filled between other fibers to improve the smoothness and tightness of the paper. For example, in the pulping and papermaking process of papermaking, this ratio of fibers can better form a uniform paper sheet structure and improve the quality of paper.

[0104] In the above embodiment, when the moisture content v% of caragana litter is the same, the maximum amount of brittle material added is relatively large when used for biomass fuel, the maximum amount of brittle material added is relatively small when used for feed processing, and the maximum amount of brittle material added is between the two when used for papermaking. Different uses have different requirements for the mixing characteristics of caragana litter and brittle materials, so different calculation methods and coefficient ranges for brittle material addition are set. For example, in a biomass boiler, a reasonable proportion of brittle materials are mixed with caragana litter to avoid problems such as incomplete combustion and black smoke caused by the caragana litter being too compact. The higher brittle material addition coefficient (M value is 2-2.5) is to ensure that there are enough brittle materials to optimize the combustion performance when the moisture content of caragana litter is different. For papermaking, an appropriate amount of corn straw particles can enhance the toughness of the paper, making it difficult to tear during use, but if too much brittle material is added, it may cause the paper to be too rough.

[0105] In one specific embodiment, the entanglement degree of the rotating shaft and the cutter in the pulverizing device is simultaneously monitored in step S2, specifically including:

[0106] S201, evenly disposing a plurality of optical fiber sensors above and below the rotation plane of the tool and at both ends of the rotating shaft, wherein the optical fiber sensors disposed above and below the rotation plane of the tool are 2-3 cm away from the tool surface, and the optical fiber sensors disposed at both ends of the rotating shaft are 1-2 cm away from the rotating shaft surface;

[0107] S202, before starting the pulverizing device, recording and storing baseline data of light reflection or refraction in a non-entangled state;

[0108] S203. During the operation of the crushing equipment, the plurality of optical fiber sensors work continuously. When the caragana fiber begins to entangle the cutter or the shaft, the propagation path of the light changes, and the intensity and angle of the reflected or refracted light also change accordingly, and the degree of entanglement is judged accordingly.

[0109] In the above specific implementation, multiple optical fiber sensors with a light intensity detection sensitivity of 0.5%-1% are selected. Since there are a lot of caragana fibers, dust and possible collisions in the working environment of the crushing device, the optical fiber sensors need to be physically protected. A layer of transparent plastic film with a certain strength or a small transparent protective cover can be wrapped around the outside of the sensor. This protective cover must be able to withstand a certain degree of fiber impact and friction, and at the same time not affect the transmission of the optical signal. Existing technology can be used.

[0110] Exemplarily, the real-time monitored light intensity and angle data can be compared and analyzed with the stored baseline data through a pre-set algorithm. For example, if the light intensity drops by a certain percentage compared to the baseline data, and the angle offset reaches a specific value, the system can accurately determine the degree of entanglement of the caragana fiber on the tool or the shaft based on the range of variation of these parameters, whether it is lightly entangled, moderately entangled or heavily entangled, thereby providing a key basis for subsequent corresponding cleaning or shutdown measures. Exemplarily, during the system initialization stage, a corresponding model of optical signal parameters and entanglement degree is established based on a large number of simulation experiments and actual working condition test data. This model serves as the basic architecture of the core algorithm. The algorithm first processes the light intensity data collected in real time and sets the threshold interval of the light intensity drop ratio. For example, let the baseline light intensity be I0, the real-time light intensity be I, and the light intensity drop ratio be I0. ;when When , the winding degree corresponding to the light intensity data is assigned as light winding, which can be set to 1; when When , the winding degree corresponding to the light intensity data is assigned as moderate winding, which can be set to 2; when When , the winding degree corresponding to the light intensity data is assigned as heavy winding, which can be set to 3. For the calculation of the angle change of refracted light or reflected light, for example, let the angle offset be ,when When , the winding degree corresponding to the angle data is assigned as light winding, which is set to 1; when When , the winding degree corresponding to the angle data is assigned as medium winding, which is set to 2; when When , the winding degree corresponding to the angle data is assigned as severe winding, which is set to 3.

[0111] Considering the calculation of the optical fiber sensor position, for example, assuming there are n optical fiber sensors, for the i-th sensor, the winding degree value corresponding to its light intensity data is (According to the value calculated above, the winding degree value corresponding to the angle data is (the value calculated according to the angle part above), its weight is First, calculate the weighted sum of light intensity and angle respectively. The weighted sum of light intensity is , the angle weighted sum is Then the final winding degree value W can be calculated by some comprehensive methods. Here is a simple method, for example, Finally, the final winding degree is determined according to the value of W. When When When the entanglement is detected, it is determined to be severe. At the same time, the position information of each optical fiber sensor is combined to further determine the location where the entanglement occurs. The value of threshold A can be limited according to the actual situation. Threshold A can be set within the range of moderate entanglement. If the degree of entanglement is required to be light during crushing, threshold A can be set within the range of light entanglement.

[0112] In one specific embodiment, it also includes:

[0113] If the caragana litter is crushed and used as biomass fuel, the final particle size is 5-10 mm;

[0114] If the caragana litter is crushed and used for feed processing, the final particle size is 1-10 mm;

[0115] If the caragana litter is crushed and used for paper making, the final particle size is 1-5 mm.

[0116] In one specific embodiment, when the dust amount is greater than the threshold value B in step S6, the step further includes:

[0117] The spray humidifier in the workshop ventilation system is activated to spray purified water mist with a diameter of 10-20 microns.

[0118] In one specific embodiment, the method further includes: measuring the humidity near the optical fiber sensor, and when the humidity is greater than a threshold value C, the spray humidification device stops spraying, and the process returns to S6. The threshold value C is set to 60% RH.

[0119] The number of devices and processing scales described here are used to simplify the description of the present invention. Applications, modifications and variations of the present invention will be obvious to those skilled in the art.

[0120] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed as above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and the implementation modes, and they can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those familiar with the art, additional modifications can be easily implemented. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and the scope of equivalents, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and the illustrations shown and described herein.

Claims

1. An intelligent crushing method for caragana litter, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Measure the moisture content of Caragana korshinskii litter, and determine the maximum amount of brittle material added according to the moisture content of Caragana korshinskii litter; S2, placing the caragana litter into a crushing device, crushing it at a predetermined tool speed, and monitoring the degree of entanglement between the rotating shaft and the tool in the crushing device and the caragana litter; S3, if the winding degree of any one of the rotating shaft or the tool exceeds the threshold value A, the tool speed is reduced by 5%-10%; S4, continue to monitor the entanglement degree of the rotating shaft and the cutter in the pulverizing device, if the entanglement degree of either the rotating shaft or the cutter still exceeds the threshold value A, add 30%-40% of the maximum amount of brittle materials to the caragana litter in the pulverizing device, and continue to monitor the entanglement degree of the rotating shaft and the cutter in the pulverizing device; S5. If the degree of entanglement of any one of the rotating shaft or the cutting tool still exceeds the threshold value A, continue to add 30%-40% of the maximum amount of brittle materials to the caragana litter in the crushing device, so that the amount of brittle materials added reaches 60%-80% of the maximum amount, and continue to monitor the degree of entanglement of the rotating shaft and the cutting tool in the crushing device; S6. If the degree of entanglement of any one of the rotating shaft or the cutting tool still exceeds threshold value A, monitor the amount of dust near the crushing equipment. When the amount of dust is greater than threshold value B, further reduce the speed of the cutting tool by 5%-10%. When the amount of dust is less than or equal to threshold value B, further add brittle materials to the maximum amount.

2. The intelligent crushing method of Caragana korshinskii litter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S1 of measuring the moisture content of Caragana korshinskii litter includes: S101, an accurate electronic balance with an accuracy of 0.001 grams; an air drying oven with a temperature control accuracy of ±1°C and a drying temperature of 105°C; a drying box with anhydrous calcium chloride desiccant built in the drying box; S102. Randomly select 10 Caragana litter plants from a batch of Caragana litter plants to be crushed, select the middle part with uniform thickness, cut it into small pieces of 10 cm as samples, and obtain a total of 50 Caragana litter samples; S103, using the electronic balance to measure the 50 Caragana korshinskii litter samples, and recording the mass of each Caragana korshinskii litter sample; S103, opening the blast drying oven, and after the temperature is stabilized at 105° C., placing the 50 Caragana korshinskii litter samples into the blast drying oven, and turning on the blast device, wherein the wind speed of the blast device is set to 2.3-2.5 m / s; S104, drying for 3-4 hours, taking out samples every 15 minutes in the last hour, and testing whether the total mass change of 50 Caragana litter samples before and after the 15 minutes is less than 0.05 grams, if less than, then ending the drying and placing in the drying box to cool; S105, measuring the weight of 50 Caragana korshinskii litter samples after cooling, and calculating the weight of each Caragana korshinskii litter sample; S106. Calculate the average water content of each Caragana korshinskii litter sample as the water content of this batch of Caragana korshinskii litter.

3. The intelligent crushing method of Caragana korshinskii litter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The brittle material comprises: The ratio of rice husk, corn straw particles and wheat bran is 1:1.2-2:1.5-2; and the maximum addition amount of the brittle material is: brittle material mass / caragana litter mass=w%, and the moisture content of caragana litter is v%, w=v×L, L is 1.5-2.5; Among them, if the caragana litter is crushed and used as biomass fuel, then w=v×M, M is 2-2.5; if the caragana litter is crushed and used for feed processing, then w=v×N, N is 1.5-2; if the caragana litter is crushed and used for paper making, then w=v×T, T is 1.8-2.

3.

4. The intelligent crushing method of Caragana korshinskii litter according to claim 3, characterized in that: The ratio of the rice husk, the corn stalk particles and the wheat bran is: If Caragana litter is crushed and used as biomass fuel, the ratio of the three is 1:1.2-1.8:1.5-1.8; If the caragana litter is crushed and used for feed processing, the ratio of the three is 1:1.4-1.9:1.5-1.9; If the caragana litter is crushed and used to make paper, the ratio of the three will be 1:1.5-2:1.6-1.

8.

5. The intelligent crushing method for Caragana korshinskii litter according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: In step S2, the degree of entanglement of the rotating shaft and the cutter in the pulverizing device is monitored simultaneously, which specifically includes: S201, evenly disposing a plurality of optical fiber sensors above and below the rotation plane of the tool and at both ends of the rotating shaft, wherein the optical fiber sensors disposed above and below the rotation plane of the tool are 2-3 cm away from the tool surface, and the optical fiber sensors disposed at both ends of the rotating shaft are 1-2 cm away from the rotating shaft surface; S202, before starting the pulverizing device, recording and storing baseline data of light reflection or refraction in a non-entangled state; S203. During the operation of the crushing equipment, the plurality of optical fiber sensors work continuously. When the caragana fiber begins to entangle the cutter or the shaft, the propagation path of the light changes, and the intensity and angle of the reflected or refracted light also change accordingly, and the degree of entanglement is judged accordingly.

6. The intelligent crushing method of Caragana korshinskii litter according to claim 5, characterized in that: Also includes: If the caragana litter is crushed and used as biomass fuel, the final particle size is 5-10 mm; If the caragana litter is crushed and used for feed processing, the final particle size is 1-10 mm; If the caragana litter is crushed and used for paper making, the final particle size is 1-5 mm.

7. The intelligent crushing method of Caragana korshinskii litter according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the dust amount is greater than the threshold value B in step S6, the step further includes: The spray humidifier in the workshop ventilation system is activated to spray purified water mist with a diameter of 10-20 microns.

8. The intelligent crushing method of Caragana korshinskii litter according to claim 7, characterized in that: Also includes: The humidity near the optical fiber sensor is measured. When the humidity is greater than a threshold value C, the spray humidification device stops spraying and returns to S6.

9. The intelligent crushing method of Caragana korshinskii litter according to claim 8, characterized in that: The value of the threshold C is set to 60% RH.

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