A hydrocyclone for ore dressing and a method for hydroseparation in ore dressing

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of energy-saving mine beneficiation, and discloses a beneficiation hydrocyclone and a beneficiation method using hydraulic separation. According to the beneficiation requirements, the present invention can adjust the distance between the top layer fixed plate and the bottom layer movable plate by synchronously extending and retracting the movable ends of each telescopic hydraulic cylinder, adjust the height of the separation adjustment part, and selectively control the on-off of the intermediate discharge pipes of each telescopic unit at the same height; thus, in actual use, without replacing the equipment, the beneficiation separation range of the equipment can be changed, and the intermediate ore with a particle size between the tailings and the overflow particle size can be selectively collected through the on-off control of the intermediate discharge pipes, so as to perform more precise separation, and it can also avoid the influence of the intermediate ore accumulated in the middle on the specific separation process, reduce the addition of the separation stage of the hydrocyclone, and effectively save the use of water resources.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of energy-saving mine beneficiation, and specifically to a hydrocyclone for beneficiation and a method for hydro-beneficiation separation. Background Art

[0002] A hydrocyclone is a device that uses centrifugal force for particle separation and is widely used in the classification, thickening, and dewatering operations of pulp in mining processing. With its high-efficiency classification ability and compact structure, the hydrocyclone has become an essential tool in the beneficiation process. The working principle of the hydrocyclone is based on the action of centrifugal force. The pulp enters the hydrocyclone housing tangentially through the feed pipe under pressure and forms a rotary motion. During this process, the coarse particles or particles with a large density in the pulp are thrown to the periphery of the hydrocyclone due to the greater centrifugal force and are finally discharged through the bottom sand nozzle; while the fine particles, due to the smaller centrifugal force, move upward with the liquid flow and are discharged through the overflow pipe.

[0003] The design and manufacture of hydrocyclones have been continuously optimized, resulting in various models, each with its unique characteristics: XC I type: It adopts a three-dimensional spiral feeding structure, realizing circumferential and axial feeding, eliminating the turbulent interference of the material after entering the hydrocyclone, improving the classification efficiency. Its unique feeding port wedge adjustment device can quickly adjust the inlet size of the hydrocyclone in the on-line state, further improving the classification effect. XC II type: It adopts an involute feeding method, reducing the degree of turbulence when the material enters the hydrocyclone, making the movement of the fluid in the hydrocyclone more stable, improving the separation performance. Its column-cone section length ratio and the insertion depth of the overflow pipe are reasonable, and it is particularly suitable for classification operations. XC III type: It has a special fish-tail device outside the sand nozzle and a special siphon device at the top of the overflow tank. By adjusting the siphon device, a higher underflow concentration and a lower overflow concentration can be obtained. Its overflow can be adjusted to almost pure water, and the underflow concentration can reach up to 85%. XC IV type: It is equipped with a tightening sleeve, which can accurately adjust the resistance of the sand nozzle, thereby more accurately adjusting the classification index of the hydrocyclone. Its structural design is reasonable and is particularly suitable for the classification and dewatering of fine-grained materials.

[0004] The hydrocyclone separates coarse particles and fine particles through centrifugal force, improving the beneficiation efficiency. Especially the XC I type and XC II type hydrocyclones have remarkable classification effects due to their unique feeding structures and reasonable design ratios. The siphon device and fish-tail device of the XC III type hydrocyclone make it perform excellently in the thickening operation, and the underflow concentration can reach 85%. The dewatering of pulp is an essential link. The XC IV type hydrocyclone is particularly suitable for the dewatering operation of fine-grained materials. Its tightening sleeve design makes the dewatering effect more accurate and the classification index fluctuate less.

[0005] During the use of a conventional hydrocyclone, since the size of the hydrocyclone is mostly fixed, the separation size of the hydrocyclone is fixed. For multi-stage separation, multiple hydrocyclones of different specifications are required for continuous separation. During the entire separation process, for each additional separation stage of the hydrocyclone, the amount of water used doubles, resulting in a large waste of water resources and making it difficult to meet the requirements of energy-saving ore dressing. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a hydrocyclone for ore dressing and a separation method for hydro-ore dressing.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A hydrocyclone for ore dressing includes a feed distribution mechanism, an overflow collection cylinder, a sand collection cylinder, a plurality of cyclone separators, and a plurality of intermediate ore collection cylinders. The plurality of cyclone separators are arranged around the outside of the feed distribution mechanism. The overflow collection cylinder is arranged outside the bottom end of the feed distribution mechanism. The sand collection cylinder is arranged outside the overflow collection cylinder. Each cyclone separator includes a feed overflow part, a separation adjustment part, and a sand discharge part. The bottom ends of the respective feed overflow parts and the top ends of the respective separation adjustment parts are respectively fixed to the top layer fixing plate. The bottom ends of the respective separation adjustment parts and the top ends of the respective sand discharge parts are respectively fixed to the bottom layer movable plate. A plurality of telescopic hydraulic cylinders are arranged between the top layer fixing plate and the bottom layer movable plate. The movable ends of the respective telescopic hydraulic cylinders are fixed to the bottom layer movable plate. The movable ends of the respective telescopic hydraulic cylinders can synchronously expand and contract to adjust the distance between the top layer fixing plate and the bottom layer movable plate, and adjust the total length of the separation adjustment part. The separation adjustment part includes a plurality of telescopic units. The lengths of the respective telescopic units can synchronously expand and contract with the increase and decrease of the distance between the top layer fixing plate and the bottom layer movable plate. The telescopic units are respectively communicated with the respective intermediate ore collection cylinders through intermediate discharge pipes. The feed distribution mechanism can input pulp into the respective feed overflow parts through a feed pipe. The top ends of the respective feed overflow parts are respectively communicated with the overflow collection cylinder through an overflow pipe. During the up and down movement of the sand discharge part along with the bottom layer movable plate, the bottom end of the sand discharge part always extends into the sand collection cylinder.

[0009] Preferably, the feed overflow part further includes a feed cylinder. The feed pipe extends along the tangential direction of the inner wall of the feed cylinder into the feed cylinder. The overflow pipe extends deep into the feed cylinder and extends below the feed pipe. The bottom end of the feed cylinder penetrates through the bottom surface of the top layer fixing plate.

[0010] Preferably, the sand discharge part includes a conical collection cylinder and a sand discharge guide pipe. The top end of the conical collection cylinder penetrates through the top surface of the bottom movable plate. There is a connection between the conical top end of the conical collection cylinder and the top end of the sand discharge guide pipe, and the bottom end of the sand discharge guide pipe extends into the sand collection cylinder.

[0011] Preferably, the separation adjustment part includes a top mounting sleeve and a bottom mounting sleeve. There is a connection and seal between the top end of the top mounting sleeve and the bottom end of the ore inlet cylinder, and a connection and seal between the bottom end of the bottom mounting sleeve and the top end of the conical collection cylinder; adjacent two telescopic units are connected and sealed with each other. There is a connection and seal between the top end of the telescopic unit at the topmost position and the bottom end of the top mounting sleeve, and a connection and seal between the bottom end of the telescopic unit at the lowermost position and the top end of the bottom mounting sleeve.

[0012] Preferably, each telescopic unit includes an upper connection sleeve, a central telescopic cylinder, and a lower connection sleeve. The two ends of the central telescopic cylinder are respectively connected and sealed with the upper connection sleeve and the lower connection sleeve, and each central telescopic cylinder can be telescoped; during the process of the sand discharge part moving up and down with the bottom movable plate, the lengths of all the central telescopic cylinders are equal at any moment.

[0013] Preferably, a number of upper connection blocks are arranged on the outer side of the bottom of the upper connection sleeve, and a number of lower connection blocks are arranged on the outer side of the top of the lower connection sleeve. Each of the lower connection blocks is respectively connected to each of the upper connection blocks through a telescopic guide post. A stabilizing spring is arranged on the outer side of the telescopic guide post, and the two ends of the stabilizing spring are respectively fixedly connected to the corresponding lower connection block and the corresponding upper connection block; the free lengths and elastic coefficients of the stabilizing springs of each telescopic unit are equal.

[0014] Preferably, an internal baffle is arranged inside each upper connection sleeve, and a wear-resistant inner cylinder is arranged inside the lower connection sleeve. The wear-resistant inner cylinder is provided with an output groove, and the open end of the middle discharge pipe is arranged inside the output groove. The internal baffle can extend into the output groove; during the process of the central telescopic cylinder extending, the internal baffle can slide inside the output groove, and when the central telescopic cylinder extends to the longest, the open end of the middle discharge pipe is opened.

[0015] Preferably, a closing valve is arranged inside the open end of the middle discharge pipe. The height of the end of the middle discharge pipe extending into the telescopic unit is higher than the height of the section extending into the corresponding middle ore collection cylinder. The closing valves of the telescopic units at the same height can be opened and closed simultaneously.

[0016] Preferably, the ore feeding and distributing mechanism includes a central input pipe and a distribution cylinder. The bottom end of the distribution cylinder is communicated with the central input pipe. Each of the feed pipes of each cyclone separator extends into the cylindrical inner wall of the distribution cylinder respectively. The pulp input from the central input pipe can enter the feed overflow part of each cyclone separator from the distribution cylinder respectively. The bottom ends of the overflow collecting cylinder, the sand collecting cylinder, and several intermediate ore collecting cylinders all slope downward.

[0017] A hydraulic ore dressing separation method is characterized in that the above-mentioned hydraulic cyclone for ore dressing is used, and it includes the following steps:

[0018] First, according to requirements, determine the height of the separation adjustment part of each cyclone separator, and the distance between the top fixing plate and the bottom movable plate can be adjusted by synchronously expanding and contracting the movable ends of each telescopic hydraulic cylinder, so as to adjust the height of the separation adjustment part.

[0019] According to the needs of ore dressing, selectively control the on-off of the intermediate discharge pipes of each telescopic unit at the same height.

[0020] Input the pulp from the ore feeding and distributing mechanism and evenly distribute it to the feed overflow part of each cyclone separator. After being separated by each cyclone separator, the screened and separated pulp at each level is output from the overflow collecting cylinder, the sand collecting cylinder, and several intermediate ore collecting cylinders respectively.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a hydraulic cyclone for ore dressing and a hydraulic ore dressing separation method, which have the following beneficial effects:

[0022] 1. For this kind of hydraulic cyclone for ore dressing, according to the needs of ore dressing, the distance between the top fixing plate and the bottom movable plate can be adjusted by synchronously expanding and contracting the movable ends of each telescopic hydraulic cylinder, so as to adjust the height of the separation adjustment part, and selectively control the on-off of the intermediate discharge pipes of each telescopic unit at the same height. Therefore, in actual use, without replacing the equipment, the ore dressing separation range of the equipment can be changed, and the intermediate ore with a particle size between the tailings and the overflow particle size can be selectively collected by controlling the on-off of the intermediate discharge pipe, so as to perform more precise separation. It can also avoid the influence of the intermediate ore accumulated in the middle on the specific separation process, reduce the addition of the separation stage of the hydraulic cyclone, and effectively save the use of water resources.

[0023] 2. During the up-and-down movement of the bottom layer movable plate in the sand discharge part of this beneficiation hydrocyclone, since the free lengths and elastic coefficients of the stable springs of each telescopic unit are equal, and with the setting of each telescopic guide post, it is ensured that each stable spring can only expand and contract in the vertical direction, ensuring that the lengths of each central telescopic cylinder are equal to ensure the synchronous expansion and contraction of each cyclone separator. Since the open end of the middle discharge pipe is opened inside the output groove, the internal baffle can extend into the output groove. During the extension of the central telescopic cylinder, the internal baffle can slide inside the output groove, and when the central telescopic cylinder extends to the longest, the open end of the middle discharge pipe is opened, enabling the open ends of the middle discharge pipes at different heights to discharge the corresponding middle pulp, and the closing valves of each telescopic unit at the same height can be opened and closed simultaneously, so as to selectively discharge the middle pulp of each height layer, effectively separating and discharging the middle ore, thereby effectively increasing the separation stage number and separation efficiency of the cyclone separator. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is one of the three-dimensional structure diagrams of a beneficiation hydrocyclone of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 FIG. 2 is another three-dimensional structure diagram of a beneficiation hydrocyclone of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 FIG. 3 is the three-dimensional structure diagram of the ore inlet distribution mechanism of a beneficiation hydrocyclone of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 FIG. 4 is the three-dimensional structure diagram of several cyclone separators of a beneficiation hydrocyclone of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 FIG. 5 is one of the three-dimensional structure diagrams of a cyclone separator of a beneficiation hydrocyclone of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 FIG. 6 is another three-dimensional structure diagram of a cyclone separator of a beneficiation hydrocyclone of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 FIG. 7 is the three-dimensional structure diagram of the telescopic unit of a beneficiation hydrocyclone of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8 FIG. 8 is the cross-sectional view of the telescopic unit of a beneficiation hydrocyclone of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 8 FIG. 9 is the enlarged view of part A.

[0033] In the figure: 1. Ore inlet distribution mechanism; 11. Central input pipe; 12. Distribution cylinder; 2. Overflow collection cylinder; 3. Sand sediment collection cylinder; 4. Intermediate ore collection cylinder; 5. Feed ore overflow part; 51. Feed pipe; 52. Overflow pipe; 53. Ore inlet cylinder; 6. Separation adjustment part; 61. Telescopic unit; 611. Intermediate discharge pipe; 612. Upper connecting sleeve; 6121. Inner baffle; 613. Central telescopic cylinder; 614. Lower connecting sleeve; 6141. Wear-resistant inner cylinder; 6142. Output chute; 615. Upper connecting block; 616. Lower connecting block; 617. Telescopic guide post; 618. Stabilizing spring; 62. Top mounting sleeve; 63. Bottom mounting sleeve; 7. Sand sediment discharge part; 71. Conical collection cylinder; 72. Sand sediment guide pipe; 8. Top layer fixing plate; 81. Telescopic hydraulic cylinder; 9. Bottom layer movable plate. Specific embodiments

[0034] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0035] As introduced in the background art, there are deficiencies in the prior art. To solve the above technical problems, this application proposes a hydraulic cyclone for ore dressing and a method for hydraulic ore dressing separation.

[0036] Embodiment 1:

[0037] Please refer to Figures 1 - 8, A hydrocyclone for ore dressing, comprising a feed distribution mechanism 1, an overflow collection cylinder 2, a sand collection cylinder 3, a plurality of cyclone separators and a plurality of intermediate ore collection cylinders 4. The plurality of cyclone separators are arranged around the outside of the feed distribution mechanism 1. The overflow collection cylinder 2 is arranged on the outer side of the bottom end of the feed distribution mechanism 1, and the sand collection cylinder 3 is arranged on the outer side of the overflow collection cylinder 2; Each cyclone separator includes a feed overflow part 5, a separation adjustment part 6 and a sand discharge part 7. The bottom ends of the respective feed overflow parts 5 and the top ends of the respective separation adjustment parts 6 are respectively fixed to the top layer fixing plate 8, and the bottom ends of the respective separation adjustment parts 6 and the top ends of the respective sand discharge parts 7 are respectively fixed to the bottom layer movable plate 9; A plurality of telescopic hydraulic cylinders 81 are arranged between the top layer fixing plate 8 and the bottom layer movable plate 9. The movable ends of the respective telescopic hydraulic cylinders 81 are fixed to the bottom layer movable plate 9. The synchronous telescopic movement of the movable ends of the respective telescopic hydraulic cylinders 81 can adjust the distance between the top layer fixing plate 8 and the bottom layer movable plate 9, and adjust the total length of the separation adjustment part 6; The separation adjustment part 6 includes a plurality of telescopic units 61. The lengths of the respective telescopic units 61 can synchronously expand and contract as the distance between the top layer fixing plate 8 and the bottom layer movable plate 9 increases or decreases. The telescopic units 61 are respectively communicated with the respective intermediate ore collection cylinders 4 through the intermediate discharge pipes 611; The feed distribution mechanism 1 can input pulp into the respective feed overflow parts 5 through the feed pipes 51, and the top ends of the respective feed overflow parts 5 are respectively communicated with the overflow collection cylinder 2 through the overflow pipes 52; During the process of the sand discharge part 7 moving up and down with the bottom layer movable plate 9, the bottom end of the sand discharge part 7 always extends into the sand collection cylinder 3.

[0038] First, according to requirements, determine the height of the separation adjustment part 6 of each cyclone separator, and the synchronous telescopic movement of the movable ends of the respective telescopic hydraulic cylinders 81 can adjust the distance between the top layer fixing plate 8 and the bottom layer movable plate 9 to adjust the height of the separation adjustment part 6; According to the needs of ore dressing, selectively control the on-off of the intermediate discharge pipes 611 of the respective telescopic units 61 at the same height; Thus, during actual use, without the need to replace the equipment, the ore dressing separation range of the equipment can be changed, and through the on-off control of the intermediate discharge pipes 611, the intermediate ore with a particle size between the tailings and the overflow particle size can be selectively collected, so as to perform more precise separation, and it can also avoid the influence of the intermediate ore accumulated in the middle on the specific separation process, reduce the addition of the sorting stage of the hydrocyclone, and can effectively save the use of water resources. Input the pulp from the feed distribution mechanism 1 and evenly distribute it to the feed overflow parts 5 of each cyclone separator. After the separation of each cyclone separator, the screened and separated pulp is respectively output from the overflow collection cylinder 2, the sand collection cylinder 3, and the plurality of intermediate ore collection cylinders 4.

[0039] Embodiment Two:

[0040] Please refer to Figures 1 - 6, which is different from the above embodiment in that the ore feeding overflow part 5 further includes a feed ore cylinder 53. The feed pipe 51 extends along the tangential direction of the inner wall of the feed ore cylinder 53 to the inside of the feed ore cylinder 53. The overflow pipe 52 extends deep into the feed ore cylinder 53 and extends below the feed pipe 51. The bottom end of the feed ore cylinder 53 penetrates through the bottom surface of the top layer fixing plate 8.

[0041] The sand discharge part 7 includes a conical collection cylinder 71 and a sand discharge guide pipe 72. The top end of the conical collection cylinder 71 penetrates through the top surface of the bottom layer movable plate 9. There is a connection between the conical top end of the conical collection cylinder 71 and the top end of the sand discharge guide pipe 72. The bottom end of the sand discharge guide pipe 72 extends into the sand collection cylinder 3.

[0042] Thus, during use, through the setting of the ore feeding overflow part 5, the ore pulp is input from the feed pipe 51 along the tangential direction of the inner wall of the feed ore cylinder 53 into the feed ore cylinder 53. Through the setting of the entire hydrocyclone, the ore pulp within the overflow range is output from the overflow pipe 52 into the overflow collection cylinder 2. The ore pulp within the tailings range gradually falls and is collected along the conical collection cylinder 71 and is input into the sand collection cylinder 3 through the bottom end of the sand discharge guide pipe 72, thereby effectively separating the tailings and the overflow.

[0043] Embodiment Three:

[0044] Please refer to Figures 1 - 8 , which is different from the above embodiment in that the separation adjustment part 6 includes a top mounting sleeve 62 and a bottom mounting sleeve 63. There is a connection and seal between the top end of the top mounting sleeve 62 and the bottom end of the feed ore cylinder 53. There is a connection and seal between the bottom end of the bottom mounting sleeve 63 and the top end of the conical collection cylinder 71. Adjacent two telescopic units 61 are connected and sealed with each other. There is a connection and seal between the top end of the telescopic unit 61 at the topmost position and the bottom end of the top mounting sleeve 62. There is a connection and seal between the bottom end of the telescopic unit 61 at the lowermost position and the top end of the bottom mounting sleeve 63, thereby effectively ensuring the sealing of each position of the entire hydrocyclone and ensuring that the ore pulp is stably separated inside the hydrocyclone.

[0045] Each telescopic unit 61 includes an upper connection sleeve 612, a central telescopic cylinder 613, and a lower connection sleeve 614. Both ends of the central telescopic cylinder 613 are connected and sealed with the lower part of the upper connection sleeve 612 and the lower connection sleeve 614 respectively. Each central telescopic cylinder 613 can perform telescoping. During the process of the sand discharge part 7 moving up and down with the bottom layer movable plate 9, the lengths of all the central telescopic cylinders 613 are equal at any moment.

[0046] A number of upper connection blocks 615 are arranged on the outer side of the bottom of the upper connection sleeve 612, and a number of lower connection blocks 616 are arranged on the outer side of the top of the lower connection sleeve 614. Each of the lower connection blocks 616 is connected to each of the upper connection blocks 615 through a telescopic guide post 617. A stabilizing spring 618 is arranged on the outer side of the telescopic guide post 617, and both ends of the stabilizing spring 618 are fixedly connected between the corresponding lower connection block 616 and the corresponding upper connection block 615; the free lengths and elastic coefficients of the stabilizing springs 618 of each telescopic unit 61 are equal.

[0047] An internal baffle 6121 is arranged inside each upper connection sleeve 612, and a wear-resistant inner cylinder 6141 is arranged inside the lower connection sleeve 614. The wear-resistant inner cylinder 6141 is provided with an output groove 6142, and the open end of the middle discharge pipe 611 is arranged inside the output groove 6142. The internal baffle 6121 can extend into the output groove 6142; during the extension process of the central telescopic cylinder 613, the internal baffle 6121 can slide inside the output groove 6142, and when the central telescopic cylinder 613 extends to the longest, the open end of the middle discharge pipe 611 is opened.

[0048] A closing valve is arranged inside the open end of the middle discharge pipe 611. The height of the end of the middle discharge pipe 611 extending into the telescopic unit 61 is higher than the height of the section extending into the corresponding middle ore collection cylinder 4. The closing valves of each telescopic unit 61 at the same height can be opened and closed simultaneously.

[0049] During specific use, during the up and down movement of the sand settling discharge part 7 along with the bottom movable plate 9, since the free lengths and elastic coefficients of the stabilizing springs 618 of each telescopic unit 61 are equal, and under the arrangement of each telescopic guide post 617, it is ensured that each stabilizing spring 618 can only expand and contract in the vertical direction, and the lengths of each central telescopic cylinder 613 are equal to ensure the synchronous expansion and contraction of each cyclone separator. And because the open end of the middle discharge pipe 611 is arranged inside the output groove 6142, the internal baffle 6121 can extend into the output groove 6142; during the extension process of the central telescopic cylinder 613, the internal baffle 6121 can slide inside the output groove 6142, and when the central telescopic cylinder 613 extends to the longest, the open end of the middle discharge pipe 611 is opened, so that the open ends of the middle discharge pipes 611 at different heights can discharge the corresponding middle ore pulp, and the closing valves of each telescopic unit 61 at the same height can be opened and closed simultaneously, and the middle ore pulp at each height layer can be selectively discharged, and the separation and discharge of the middle ore are effectively carried out, so as to effectively increase the separation stage number and separation efficiency of the cyclone separator.

[0050] The ore feeding and distributing mechanism 1 includes a central input pipe 11 and a distributing cylinder 12. There is a connection between the bottom end of the distributing cylinder 12 and the central input pipe 11. The feeding pipes 51 of each cyclone separator respectively extend into the cylindrical inner wall of the distributing cylinder 12. The pulp input from the central input pipe 11 can enter the ore feeding overflow part 5 of each cyclone separator from the distributing cylinder 12. The bottom ends of the overflow collecting cylinder 2, the sand collecting cylinder 3, and several intermediate ore collecting cylinders 4 all slope downwards. Thus, during use, through the setting of the distributing cylinder 12, the pulp can be evenly supplied to the ore feeding overflow part 5 of each cyclone separator, and the bottom ends of the overflow collecting cylinder 2, the sand collecting cylinder 3, and several intermediate ore collecting cylinders 4 sloping downwards can ensure the smooth discharge of pulp of each grade.

[0051] Embodiment Four:

[0052] A method for hydraulic ore dressing separation uses the ore dressing hydraulic cyclone described in any one of Embodiments One to Three, and includes the following steps:

[0053] First, according to requirements, determine the height of the separation adjustment part 6 of each cyclone separator, and the distance between the top fixed plate 8 and the bottom movable plate 9 can be adjusted by synchronously extending and retracting the movable ends of each telescopic hydraulic cylinder 81 to adjust the height of the separation adjustment part 6.

[0054] According to the needs of ore dressing, selectively control the on-off of the intermediate discharge pipes 611 of each telescopic unit 61 at the same height.

[0055] Input the pulp from the ore feeding and distributing mechanism 1 and evenly distribute it to the ore feeding overflow part 5 of each cyclone separator. After separation by each cyclone separator, output the screened and separated pulp of each grade from the overflow collecting cylinder 2, the sand collecting cylinder 3, and several intermediate ore collecting cylinders 4 respectively.

[0056] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A hydrocyclone for mineral processing, characterized in that: The invention comprises an ore distribution mechanism (1), an overflow collection cylinder (2), a sediment collection cylinder (3), a plurality of cyclone separators and a plurality of intermediate ore collection cylinders (4), wherein the plurality of cyclone separators are arranged around the outside of the ore distribution mechanism (1), the overflow collection cylinder (2) is arranged outside the bottom end of the ore distribution mechanism (1), and the sediment collection cylinder (3) is arranged outside the overflow collection cylinder (2); Each cyclone separator comprises an ore-feeding overflow part (5), a separation adjustment part (6) and a sediment discharge part (7), the bottom end of each ore-feeding overflow part (5) and the top end of each separation adjustment part (6) are respectively fixed to a top fixed plate (8), and the bottom end of each separation adjustment part (6) and the top end of each sediment discharge part (7) are respectively fixed to a bottom movable plate (9); A plurality of telescopic hydraulic cylinders (81) are arranged between the top fixed plate (8) and the bottom movable plate (9), and the movable end of each telescopic hydraulic cylinder (81) is fixed to the bottom movable plate (9). The movable ends of each telescopic hydraulic cylinder (81) are synchronously telescoped to adjust the distance between the top fixed plate (8) and the bottom movable plate (9), thereby adjusting the total length of the separation adjustment portion (6); The separation adjustment part (6) comprises a plurality of telescopic units (61), the length of each telescopic unit (61) being able to be synchronously extended and retracted as the distance between the top fixed plate (8) and the bottom movable plate (9) increases or decreases, and each of the telescopic units (61) is connected to each of the intermediate ore collecting cylinders (4) through an intermediate discharge pipe (611); The ore feeding distribution mechanism (1) can input ore slurry into each of the ore feeding overflow parts (5) through a feeding pipe (51), and the top of each of the ore feeding overflow parts (5) is connected to the overflow collecting cylinder (2) through an overflow pipe (52); In the process of the sediment discharge part (7) moving up and down with the bottom movable plate (9), the bottom end of the sediment discharge part (7) always extends into the interior of the sediment collection tube (3).

2. The hydrocyclone for mineral processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ore feeding overflow part (5) also includes an ore feeding cylinder (53), the feed pipe (51) extends into the interior of the ore feeding cylinder (53) along the tangent direction of the inner wall of the ore feeding cylinder (53), the overflow pipe (52) penetrates into the interior of the ore feeding cylinder (53) and extends below the feed pipe (51), and the bottom end of the ore feeding cylinder (53) passes through the bottom surface of the top fixed plate (8).

3. The hydrocyclone for mineral processing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sediment discharge part (7) comprises a conical collecting cylinder (71) and a sediment guide pipe (72), the top end of the conical collecting cylinder (71) passes through the top surface of the bottom movable plate (9), the top end of the conical collecting cylinder (71) is connected to the top end of the sediment guide pipe (72), and the bottom end of the sediment guide pipe (72) extends into the interior of the sediment collecting cylinder (3).

4. The hydrocyclone for mineral processing according to claim 3, characterized in that: The separation adjustment part (6) comprises a top mounting sleeve (62) and a bottom mounting sleeve (63), the top end of the top mounting sleeve (62) is connected and sealed to the bottom end of the ore feeding cylinder (53), and the bottom end of the bottom mounting sleeve (63) is connected and sealed to the top end of the conical collecting cylinder (71); Two adjacent telescopic units (61) are connected to each other and sealed, the top end of the telescopic unit (61) at the topmost end is connected to the bottom end of the top mounting sleeve (62) and sealed, and the bottom end of the telescopic unit (61) at the lowest end is connected to the top end of the bottom mounting sleeve (63) and sealed.

5. The hydrocyclone for mineral processing according to claim 4, characterized in that: The telescopic units (61) each comprise an upper connecting sleeve (612), a central telescopic tube (613) and a lower connecting sleeve (614); both ends of the central telescopic tube (613) are respectively connected and sealed to the upper connecting sleeve (612) and the lower connecting sleeve (614); each of the central telescopic tubes (613) is capable of telescoping; In the process of the sediment discharge part (7) moving up and down with the bottom movable plate (9), the lengths of the central telescopic cylinders (613) are equal at any time.

6. The hydrocyclone for mineral processing according to claim 5, characterized in that: A plurality of upper connecting blocks (615) are arranged on the outer side of the bottom of the upper connecting sleeve (612), and a plurality of lower connecting blocks (616) are arranged on the outer side of the top of the lower connecting sleeve (614). Each of the lower connecting blocks (616) is connected to each of the upper connecting blocks (615) via a telescopic guide column (617). A stabilizing spring (618) is arranged on the outer side of the telescopic guide column (617), and both ends of the stabilizing spring (618) are respectively connected and fixed to the corresponding lower connecting block (616) and the corresponding upper connecting block (615); The free length and elastic coefficient of each stabilizing spring (618) of each telescopic unit (61) are equal.

7. The hydrocyclone for mineral processing according to claim 6, characterized in that: Each of the upper connecting sleeves (612) is provided with an internal baffle (6121), the lower connecting sleeve (614) is provided with a wear-resistant inner cylinder (6141), the wear-resistant inner cylinder (6141) is provided with an output groove (6142), the open end of the intermediate discharge pipe (611) is provided inside the output groove (6142), and the internal baffle (6121) can extend into the output groove (6142); During the extension of the central telescopic tube (613), the internal baffle (6121) can slide inside the output slot (6142) and open the open end of the intermediate discharge pipe (611) when the central telescopic tube (613) is extended to its longest length.

8. The hydrocyclone for mineral processing according to claim 7, characterized in that: A closing valve is provided inside the open end of the intermediate discharge pipe (611); the height of one end of the intermediate discharge pipe (611) extending into the telescopic unit (61) is higher than the height of a section extending into the corresponding intermediate ore collecting cylinder (4); and the closing valves of the telescopic units (61) at the same height can be opened and closed at the same time.

9. The hydrocyclone for mineral processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ore feeding distribution mechanism (1) comprises a central input pipe (11) and a distribution cylinder (12); the bottom end of the distribution cylinder (12) is connected to the central input pipe (11); the feed pipes (51) of the cyclone separators extend into the cylindrical inner wall of the distribution cylinder (12); the ore slurry input from the central input pipe (11) can enter the ore feeding overflow portion (5) of each cyclone separator from the distribution cylinder (12); The bottom ends of the overflow collection tube (2), the sediment collection tube (3), and a plurality of the intermediate ore collection tubes (4) are all inclined downward.

10. A method for hydraulic mineral separation, characterized in that: Using a hydrocyclone for mineral processing as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the following steps: First, the height of the separation adjustment part (6) of each cyclone separator is determined according to the demand, and the movable end of each telescopic hydraulic cylinder (81) is synchronously extended and retracted to adjust the distance between the top fixed plate (8) and the bottom movable plate (9), thereby adjusting the height of the separation adjustment part (6); According to the needs of mineral processing, the middle discharge pipes (611) of the telescopic units (61) at the same height are selectively controlled to be on and off; The ore pulp is input from the ore feeding distribution mechanism (1) and evenly distributed to the ore feeding overflow parts (5) of each cyclone separator. After separation by each cyclone separator, the ore pulp of each level screened and separated is output from the overflow collection cylinder (2), the sedimentation collection cylinder (3), and a plurality of intermediate ore collection cylinders (4).

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