Curved member forming device and curved member forming method

Abstract

The invention discloses a curved surface component forming device and a curved surface component forming method, and relates to the field of plate forming, the curved surface component forming device comprises elastic compensation pads, a male die device and a female die device are both rigid dies, and at least one elastic compensation pad is arranged between the male die device and an initial plate blank and / or between the female die device and the initial plate blank; a curved surface forming part is formed through the male die device, the female die device and the elastic compensation pad; or one of the male die device and the female die device is a rigid die, the other one is an elastic die, and the curved surface forming part is formed through the male die device and the female die device; and the elastic compensation pad can be arranged between the working face and the to-be-compensated face of the forming die, and the curved surface forming piece is pressed again till the deviation between the overall dimension of the curved surface forming piece and the overall dimension of the target curved surface component is smaller than or equal to a set value. The method is low in cost and high in efficiency, the obtained curved surface component is high in contour precision and good in surface quality, the curved surface component pressing forming process can be simplified, and the material utilization rate is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of sheet metal forming, and in particular to a curved surface component forming device and a curved surface component forming method. Background Art

[0002] Large complex curved shells are key components in the fields of aviation, aerospace, navigation, and nuclear fusion. They have characteristics such as oversized size, bidirectional variable curvature, complex surface, and high dimensional accuracy requirements. Their manufacturing process has always faced huge challenges. At present, curved surface components are mainly formed by rigid die pressing, which mainly includes cold pressing and hot pressing. Cold pressing has high production efficiency and long mold life, while hot pressing has small springback and low forming load. However, cold pressing has the defects of springback and wrinkling, and the mold cost of hot pressing is expensive, and it is easy to cause the deterioration of component organization and performance, and cannot meet the requirements of mechanical / magnetic performance. In addition, traditional cold and hot pressing forming technologies often cannot meet the requirements of fast and precise forming, and problems such as complex technical routes and long cycles are prominent.

[0003] In order to save production costs and manufacturing cycles, and improve forming limits and dimensional accuracy, some rigid-flexible medium composite forming processes that use flexible media to replace some rigid molds have been generated and developed, such as sheet fluid pressure forming, hot gas pressure forming, rubber bladder forming, etc. Among them, the flexible forming processes using fluid media for forming basically have problems with sealing and medium leakage. It is necessary to increase the process section and the sealing section to form a closed cavity in the forming area, resulting in problems such as low material utilization. Since the forming load required for thick components is large, the forming load that can be applied by the forming medium (fluid, gas, rubber bladder) in the above three forming methods is limited, such as the fluid pressure is generally less than 200MPa, the gas pressure is generally less than 20MPa, and the rubber bladder pressure is generally less than 5MPa. Therefore, sheet fluid pressure forming, hot gas pressure forming, rubber bladder forming and other methods are only suitable for the forming of thin plates, and cannot be used for the forming of thicker components, such as the thickness of ship hulls and nuclear fusion vacuum chamber shells, which are tens of millimeters, and cannot be formed by sheet fluid pressure forming, hot gas pressure forming or rubber bladders. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a curved surface component forming device and a curved surface component forming method to solve the problems existing in the prior art. It is possible to obtain large-size curved surface shell components that meet the precision requirements at low cost and high efficiency. The obtained curved surface components have high contour accuracy and good surface quality. The pressing and forming process of the curved surface shell components can be greatly simplified, and the material utilization rate can be improved.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides a curved surface component forming device, comprising a forming die and at least one elastic compensation pad, wherein the forming die comprises a male die device and a female die device; both the male die device and the female die device are rigid dies; or one of the male die device and the female die device is a rigid die, and the other of the male die device and the female die device is an elastic die; an initial plate blank is placed between the male die device and the female die device;

[0007] When both the male mold device and the female mold device are rigid molds, at least one elastic compensation pad is arranged between the male mold device and the initial slab and / or between the female mold device and the initial slab, and each elastic compensation pad can contact a part of the surface of the initial slab; by moving the male mold device toward the female mold device and / or moving the female mold device toward the male mold device, the elastic compensation pad and the initial slab can be pressed against each other, and the initial slab can be formed into a curved formed part;

[0008] When one of the male mold device and the female mold device is a rigid mold and the other is an elastic mold, the initial plate blank can be formed into a curved surface formed part by moving the male mold device toward the female mold device and / or moving the female mold device toward the male mold device;

[0009] The portion of the curved surface forming part whose contour dimension deviation from the target curved surface component is greater than a set value is the surface to be compensated of the curved surface forming part. The elastic compensation pad can be arranged between the working surface of the forming mold and the surface to be compensated, and the elastic compensation pad can contact the surface to be compensated.

[0010] Preferably, the elastic mold includes at least one layer of a first elastic body, and a plurality of layers of the first elastic body are stacked.

[0011] Preferably, each of the first elastic bodies of the elastic mold is flat, and the initial slab and the curved surface forming part are both parts to be processed; from the side close to the part to be processed to the side away from the part to be processed, the outer contour dimensions of the plurality of first elastic bodies decrease successively; the elastic mold can be deformed into an outward convex shape or an inward concave shape by mutual extrusion with the part to be processed.

[0012] Preferably, the elastic mold includes a curved elastic body, and the working surface of the curved elastic body is an outer convex curved surface or an inner concave curved surface.

[0013] Preferably, the elastic mold includes a rigid convex mold and a second elastic body, the second elastic body is arranged between the rigid convex mold and the workpiece to be processed, and the second elastic body can be deformed into a convex shape by being squeezed against the workpiece to be processed.

[0014] The present invention provides a curved surface component forming method based on the curved surface component forming device, comprising the following steps:

[0015] S1. Forming the initial slab into the curved formed part using method 1 or method 2, wherein:

[0016] Method 1 comprises: setting both the male die device and the female die device as rigid dies, and setting at least one elastic compensation pad between the male die device and the initial slab and / or between the female die device and the initial slab; moving the male die device toward the female die device and / or moving the female die device toward the male die device, so that the elastic compensation pad and the initial slab are mutually squeezed, and the initial slab is formed into a curved surface formed part;

[0017] Method 2 comprises: setting one of the male die device and the female die device as a rigid die and the other as an elastic die, moving the male die device toward the female die device and / or moving the female die device toward the male die device, so as to form the initial plate blank into a curved formed part;

[0018] S2. Obtain the position of the surface to be compensated on the curved surface forming part, set the elastic compensation pad at each of the surfaces to be compensated on the curved surface component, and use the punch device and the die device in the method one or the method two to press the curved surface forming part again until the deviation between the contour size of the curved surface forming part and the contour size of the target curved surface component is less than or equal to the set value.

[0019] Preferably, S1 further comprises: before pressing the initial slab, obtaining the shape and size of the initial slab according to the shape and size of the target curved surface component.

[0020] Preferably, the elastic mold comprises at least one layer of a first elastic body, and a plurality of layers of the first elastic body are stacked;

[0021] S1 also includes: before pressing the initial slab, obtaining the material, shape and size of the elastic mold according to the shape and size of the target curved surface component and the shape and size of the initial slab; determining the thickness of each of the first elastic bodies, and obtaining the number of the first elastic bodies according to the thickness of the elastic mold and the thickness of each of the first elastic bodies; and obtaining the superposition method of multiple first elastic bodies.

[0022] Preferably, S1 includes: the method for obtaining the shape and size of the initial slab includes: obtaining the shape and size of the initial slab according to the shape of the unfolded blank corresponding to the target curved surface component after unfolding, and increasing the outer contour size of the initial slab by a margin of 20mm to 80mm on the basis of the size of the unfolded blank of the target curved surface component, so that the thickness of the initial slab is the same as the thickness of the target curved surface component or increasing the thickness of the target curved surface component by a margin of 0.1mm to 8mm.

[0023] Preferably, S1 includes: the method for obtaining the size of the elastic mold includes: making the thickness of the elastic mold 1 to 2 times the maximum height of the target curved surface component; obtaining the thickness of each of the first elastic bodies, and obtaining the number of the first elastic bodies according to the thickness of the elastic mold and the thickness of each of the first elastic bodies; the outline size of the elastic mold is not less than the outline size of the initial slab.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects:

[0025] The present invention provides a curved surface component forming device and a curved surface component forming method, comprising at least one elastic compensation pad, a male mold device and a female mold device are both rigid molds; or one of the male mold device and the female mold device is a rigid mold, and the other of the male mold device and the female mold device is an elastic mold; an initial plate blank is placed between the male mold device and the female mold device; when the male mold device and the female mold device are both rigid molds, at least one elastic compensation pad is arranged between the male mold device and the initial plate blank and / or between the female mold device and the initial plate blank; by moving the male mold device toward the female mold device and / or moving the female mold device toward the male mold device The movement can make the elastic compensation pad and the initial slab pressed against each other, and the initial slab can be formed into a curved surface formed part; when one of the punch device and the die device is a rigid die and the other is an elastic die, the initial slab can be formed into a curved surface formed part by moving the punch device toward the die device and / or moving the die device toward the punch device; the portion of the curved surface formed part whose contour dimension deviation from the target curved surface component is greater than the set value is the surface to be compensated of the curved surface formed part, the elastic compensation pad can be arranged between the working surface of the forming mold and the surface to be compensated, and the elastic compensation pad can contact the surface to be compensated.

[0026] The curved surface component forming device can obtain curved surface components that meet the precision requirements at low cost and high efficiency, especially can obtain large-size curved surface shell components that meet the precision requirements at low cost and high efficiency, specifically as follows: (1) The male mold device and the female mold device together form a semi-enclosed mold cavity, and the elastic mold can deform and flow in the semi-enclosed mold cavity, so that the same set of molds can adapt to the forming of slabs of different thicknesses within a certain range, and the mold flexibility is high. (2) When the male mold device and the female mold device are combined to press the initial slab, the elastic mold can contact the upper surface or lower surface of the initial slab, or the elastic compensation pad can contact part of the upper surface and / or part of the lower surface of the initial slab, so that the elastic mold or the elastic compensation pad and the initial slab interact with each other, and the elastic mold or the elastic compensation pad and the initial slab are in a soft contact state, which overcomes the point contact loading of the traditional rigid mold, and the contact part can realize the surface-to-surface soft contact of the nearly uniform normal load loading, which can effectively reduce the bending stress inside the initial slab, reduce or eliminate wrinkling defects and significantly reduce the component springback, which can improve the processing quality. (3) The soft contact and nearly uniform loading between the elastic mold and the initial slab can effectively reduce or avoid scratches on the surface of the component and improve the surface quality. (4) After the initial slab is processed into a curved surface formed part, if the accuracy does not meet the requirements, the mold surface corresponding to the surface to be compensated can be partially and quantitatively compensated by the elastic compensation pad. Under the condition of no mold repair or less mold repair, a high-precision curved shell component can be formed, which can greatly reduce the mold repair time and cost, thereby shortening the manufacturing cycle and reducing manufacturing costs. (6) This embodiment uses an elastomer (elastic mold or elastic compensation pad) as a forming medium. The elastomer is a solid medium with a pressure bearing capacity far greater than that of gas and fluid. It can withstand a pressure greater than 200MPa. Elastomers of different materials can be replaced according to the forming load required by the formed part. It has stronger adaptability and a wider range of applications; (7) The process margin of the initial slab is very small. Compared with traditional drawing and deep drawing processes, it can greatly improve material utilization and reduce manufacturing costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0028] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a curved surface component forming device provided in Example 1;

[0029] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the curved surface member forming device provided in Example 1;

[0030] Figure 3Schematic diagram of the structure of the curved surface component forming device provided in Example 2 Figure 1 ;

[0031] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the curved surface component forming device provided in Example 2 Figure 2 ;

[0032] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the curved surface component forming device provided in Example 3 Figure 1 ;

[0033] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the curved surface component forming device provided in Example 3 Figure 2 ;

[0034] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the curved surface component forming device provided in Example 4 Figure 1 ;

[0035] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the curved surface component forming device provided in Example 4 Figure 2 ;

[0036] Fig. 9 The structure of the curved component forming device used in the method 1 of Example 5 is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0037] Fig.10 The structure of the curved component forming device used in the method 1 of Example 5 is shown in FIG. Figure 2 ;

[0038] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of the structure of the target curved surface component provided in Examples 1 to 5;

[0039] Fig.12 Process of the curved surface component forming method provided in Example 5 Figure 1 ;

[0040] Fig.13 Process of the curved surface component forming method provided in Example 5 Figure 2 ;

[0041] In the figure: 100, curved surface component forming device; 1, upper template; 2, punch device; 3, initial slab; 4, die device; 5, lower template; 6, rigid punch; 7, bolt; 8, wire rope; 9, target curved surface component; 10, elastic compensation pad; 11, first elastic body; 12, curved surface elastic body; 13, second elastic body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a curved surface component forming device and a curved surface component forming method to solve the problems existing in the prior art. It is possible to obtain large-size curved surface shell components that meet the precision requirements at low cost and high efficiency. The obtained curved surface components have high contour accuracy and good surface quality. The pressing and forming process of the curved surface shell components can be greatly simplified, and the material utilization rate can be improved.

[0044] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] like Figures 1 to 11 As shown, this embodiment provides a curved surface component forming device 100, including a forming mold and at least one elastic compensation pad 10, the forming mold includes a male mold device 2 and a female mold device 4; the male mold device 2 and the female mold device 4 are both rigid molds; or one of the male mold device 2 and the female mold device 4 is a rigid mold, and the other of the male mold device 2 and the female mold device 4 is an elastic mold; the space between the male mold device 2 and the female mold device 4 is used to place the initial slab 3; when the male mold device 2 and the female mold device 4 are both rigid molds, at least one elastic compensation pad 10 is arranged between the male mold device 2 and the initial slab 3 and / or between the female mold device 4 and the initial slab 3, and each elastic compensation pad 10 can contact a part of the surface of the initial slab 3; by moving the male mold device 2 toward the female mold device 4 and / or Or the female mold device 4 is moved toward the male mold device 2, so that the elastic compensation pad 10 and the initial slab 3 can be squeezed against each other, and the initial slab 3 can be formed into a curved surface formed part; when one of the male mold device 2 and the female mold device 4 is a rigid mold and the other is an elastic mold, the elastic compensation pad 10 is not arranged between the male mold device 2 and the female mold device 4, and the initial slab 3 can be formed into a curved surface formed part by moving the male mold device 2 toward the female mold device 4 and / or moving the female mold device 4 toward the male mold device 2; the portion of the curved surface formed part whose profile size deviation from the target curved surface component is greater than the set value is the surface to be compensated of the curved surface formed part, and the elastic compensation pad 10 can be arranged between the working surface of the forming mold and the surface to be compensated, and the elastic compensation pad 10 can contact the surface to be compensated. When one of the male mold device 2 and the female mold device 4 is a rigid mold and the other is an elastic mold, the molding surface of the rigid mold is used to shape the initial slab to ensure the processing accuracy.

[0047] The curved component forming device 100 can obtain curved components that meet the precision requirements at low cost and high efficiency, especially can obtain large-sized curved shell components that meet the precision requirements at low cost and high efficiency. The obtained curved components have high contour accuracy and good surface quality, which can greatly simplify the pressing and forming process of the curved shell components and improve material utilization, as follows: (1) The punch device 2 and the die device 4 together constitute a semi-closed mold cavity, and the elastic mold can deform and flow in the semi-closed mold cavity, so that the same set of molds can adapt to the forming of slabs of different thicknesses within a certain range, and the mold has high flexibility. (2) When the male mold device 2 and the female mold device 4 are combined to press the initial slab 3, the elastic mold can contact the upper surface or lower surface of the initial slab 3, or the elastic compensation pad 10 can contact part of the upper surface and / or part of the lower surface of the initial slab 3, so that the elastic mold or the elastic compensation pad 10 and the initial slab 3 interact with each other, and the elastic mold or the elastic compensation pad 10 and the initial slab 3 are in a soft contact state, which overcomes the point contact loading of the traditional rigid mold. The contact part can achieve surface-to-surface soft contact and nearly uniform normal load loading, which can effectively reduce the bending stress inside the initial slab 3, reduce or eliminate wrinkling defects and significantly reduce component springback, which can improve processing quality. (3) The soft contact and nearly uniform loading between the elastic mold and the initial slab 3 can effectively reduce or avoid scratches on the component surface and improve surface quality. (4) After the initial slab 3 is processed into a curved surface formed part, if the accuracy does not meet the requirements, the elastic compensation pad 10 is used to perform local quantitative compensation on the mold surface corresponding to the surface to be compensated. Under the condition of no mold repair or less mold repair, a high-precision curved surface shell component can be formed, which can greatly reduce the mold repair time and cost, thereby shortening the manufacturing cycle and reducing manufacturing costs. (6) This embodiment uses an elastomer (elastic mold or elastic compensation pad 10) as a forming medium. The elastomer is a solid medium with a pressure bearing capacity far greater than that of gas and fluid. It can withstand a pressure greater than 200MPa. Elastomers of different materials can be replaced according to the forming load required by the formed part. It has stronger adaptability and a wider range of applications; (7) The process margin of the initial slab 3 is very small. Compared with the traditional drawing and deep drawing forming process, it can greatly improve the material utilization rate and reduce the manufacturing cost.

[0048] It should be noted that the elastic mold of this embodiment can be in various forms such as a flat plate, a laminated plate, an integral block or a distributed plate, and the elastic molds of various shapes can be used alone or in combination.

[0049] As a preferred embodiment, the material of the elastic mold is polyurethane, nylon, rubber or polytetrafluoroethylene plastic, preferably polyurethane with a Shore hardness of 85HA. If the polyurethane with a Shore hardness of 85HA cannot meet the use requirements, polyurethane with 90HA, polyurethane with 100HA or nylon can be used. The shape of the elastic mold is a flat plate or an overall curved block; the thickness of the elastic mold ranges from 1mm to 1000mm.

[0050] This embodiment can be applied to the forming of curved surface components of metal and other materials, such as stainless steel curved surface components, aluminum alloy curved surface components, magnesium alloy curved surface components, high temperature alloy curved surface components, etc. As a preferred embodiment, the thickness range of the target curved surface component 9 is t0=0.5-80 mm, the maximum side length range is l0=50-5000 mm, and the curved surface shape of the target curved surface component 9 is a hyperbolic surface, including a same-direction hyperbolic surface and a reverse hyperbolic surface (saddle surface).

[0051] The elastic mold of this embodiment can rebound to its original shape after the pressing and forming is completed and the mold is opened, and can be repeatedly used until it breaks and becomes scrapped. When the compression rate of the elastic mold is less than 60%, its service life can reach at least thousands of times.

[0052] Example 2

[0053] This embodiment provides a curved surface component forming device 100, such as Figures 3-4 As shown, one of the male mold device 2 and the female mold device 4 of this embodiment is a rigid mold, and the other of the male mold device 2 and the female mold device 4 is an elastic mold; the elastic mold includes at least one layer of a first elastic body 11, and the multiple layers of first elastic bodies 11 are stacked.

[0054] As a preferred embodiment, each first elastic body 11 of the elastic mold is flat, and the initial slab 3 and the curved surface forming part are both defined as the workpiece to be processed; from the side close to the workpiece to be processed to the side away from the workpiece to be processed, the outer contour dimensions of the plurality of first elastic bodies 11 decrease in sequence; the elastic mold can produce a deformation corresponding to the surface of the initial slab 3 or the curved surface forming part by mutual extrusion with the initial slab 3 or the curved surface forming part, which is convex or concave, thereby forming an elastic convex mold (such as Figure 4 The flat plate-shaped first elastic body 11 is easy to process. By combining a plurality of flat plate-shaped first elastic bodies 11 to form an elastic mold, the processing process can be simplified and the cost can be reduced.

[0055] In this embodiment, an upper template 1 and a lower template 5 are also included. The upper template 1 is fixedly connected to one of the male mold device 2 or the female mold device 4, and the lower template 5 is fixedly connected to the other of the male mold device 2 or the female mold device 4. Taking the male mold device 2 as an elastic mold and the male mold device 2 connected to the upper template 1 as an example, a plurality of bolts 7 are arranged on the upper template 1, and the uppermost first elastic body 11 in the elastic mold contacts the lower surface of the upper template 1. The lowermost first elastic body 11 in the elastic mold is connected to the screw of the upper template 1 through the steel wire rope 8, so as to realize the suspension connection of all the superimposed first elastic bodies 11 with the upper template 1. The elastic mold is connected to the upper template 1, which can facilitate the mold opening and taking out of the parts. It should be noted that the connection method of the steel wire rope 8 and the lowermost first elastic body 11 in the elastic mold should avoid the steel wire rope 8 affecting the processing quality of the initial slab 3 or the upper surface of the curved surface formed part.

[0056] The other structures and connection relationships of the curved surface member forming device 100 of this embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment.

[0057] Example 3

[0058] This embodiment provides a curved surface component forming device 100, such as Figures 5-6 As shown, one of the male mold device 2 and the female mold device 4 in this embodiment is a rigid mold, and the other of the male mold device 2 and the female mold device 4 is an elastic mold; the elastic mold includes a curved elastic body 12, and the working surface of the curved elastic body 12 is an outer convex curved surface or an inner concave curved surface. In this embodiment, the elastic mold is a curved elastic body 12 in the shape of an overall curved surface block, and the elastic mold can play the role of the male mold device 2 or the female mold device 4.

[0059] In this embodiment, an upper mold plate 1 and a lower mold plate 5 are also included. The upper mold plate 1 is fixedly connected to one of the male mold device 2 or the female mold device 4, and the lower mold plate 5 is fixedly connected to the other of the male mold device 2 or the female mold device 4. The male mold device 2 is an elastic mold and the male mold device 2 is connected to the upper mold plate 1 as an example for explanation. The surface of the curved elastic body 12 close to the lower mold plate 5 is an outer convex curved surface, and the surface of the female mold device 4 close to the curved elastic body 12 is an inner concave curved surface. The curved elastic body 12 in the shape of an overall curved surface block is directly fixed on the upper mold plate 1, and the initial slab 3 is directly pressed and formed by the curved elastic body 12 in the shape of an overall curved surface block. The initial slab 3 is in a soft contact state with the elastic mold, and the elastic mold and the initial slab 3 are deformed at the same time, and the initial slab 3 is gradually pressed against the mold cavity of the lower mold plate 5.

[0060] The other structures and connection relationships of the curved surface member forming device 100 of this embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment.

[0061] Example 4

[0062] This embodiment provides a curved surface component forming device 100, such as Figures 7-8 As shown, one of the male mold device 2 and the female mold device 4 of this embodiment is a rigid mold, and the other of the male mold device 2 and the female mold device 4 is an elastic mold; the elastic mold includes a rigid male mold 6 and a second elastic body 13, and the second elastic body 13 is arranged between the rigid male mold 6 and the workpiece to be processed. The second elastic body 13 can be deformed to an outward convex shape by mutual extrusion with the workpiece to be processed. The second elastic body 13 directly acts on the workpiece to be processed to play the role of a male mold. After the second elastic body 13 is combined with the rigid male mold 6, the role of an elastic mold can be achieved, that is, the whole after the combination of the two is an elastic mold.

[0063] It should be noted that the die device 4 may also be an elastic die, that is, the elastic die includes a rigid die 4 and a second elastic body 13, and the second elastic body 13 is arranged between the rigid die 4 and the workpiece to be processed.

[0064] In this embodiment, an upper template 1 and a lower template 5 are further included. The upper template 1 is fixedly connected to one of the male mold device 2 or the female mold device 4, and the lower template 5 is fixedly connected to the other of the male mold device 2 or the female mold device 4. Taking the male mold device 2 as an elastic mold and the male mold device 2 connected to the upper template 1 as an example, the upper template 1 is fixedly connected to the rigid male mold 6, and the lower template 5 is fixedly connected to the rigid female mold device 4. The profile of the rigid male mold 6 matches the profile of the rigid female mold device 4, and the difference in curvature radius between the profile of the rigid male mold 6 and the profile of the rigid female mold device 4 is greater than the thickness of the initial slab 3.

[0065] The second elastic body 13 is in the form of a flat plate, and the flat second elastic body 13 can be freely placed on the initial slab 3, or the flat second elastic body 13 can be wrapped and fixedly connected to the molding surface of the rigid punch 6, and then the initial slab 3 is pressed and formed. The lower template 5 is used to be set on the workbench of the press, and the press is a hydraulic press, a servo press, etc.; the upper template 1 is used to be connected to the press beam, and the press beam can drive the upper template 1 to move up and down, and the upper template 1 can drive the rigid punch 6 connected thereto to move up and down.

[0066] The other structures and connection relationships of the curved surface member forming device 100 of this embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment.

[0067] Example 5

[0068] like Figures 1 to 12 As shown, this embodiment provides a curved surface member forming method based on the curved surface member forming device 100 of embodiment 1, comprising the following steps:

[0069] S1. Forming the initial slab 3 into a curved formed part by using method 1 or method 2, wherein:

[0070] Method 1 comprises: setting both the male die device 2 and the female die device 4 as rigid dies, setting at least one elastic compensation pad 10 between the male die device 2 and the initial slab 3 and / or between the female die device 4 and the initial slab 3; moving the male die device 2 toward the female die device 4 and / or moving the female die device 4 toward the male die device 2, so that the elastic compensation pad 10 and the initial slab 3 are mutually squeezed, and the initial slab 3 is formed into a curved surface formed part;

[0071] Method 2 includes: setting one of the male die device 2 and the female die device 4 as a rigid die and the other as an elastic die, moving the male die device 2 toward the female die device 4 and / or moving the female die device 4 toward the male die device 2, so as to form the initial slab 3 into a curved formed part;

[0072] S2, obtaining the position of the surface to be compensated on the curved surface forming part, setting elastic compensation pads 10 at each surface to be compensated of the curved surface component, and re-pressing the curved surface forming part using the male mold device 2 and female mold device 4 in method 1 or method 2 until the deviation between the contour size of the curved surface forming part and the contour size of the target curved surface component 9 is less than or equal to the set value. The curved surface component forming device 100 can be unloaded, opened, adjusted with elastic compensation pads 10, and re-pressed and reshaped multiple times to ensure that the curved surface forming part is completely fitted with the lower template 5.

[0073] In this embodiment, S1 further includes: before pressing the initial slab 3 , obtaining the shape and size of the initial slab 3 according to the shape and size of the target curved surface component 9 .

[0074] In this embodiment, the elastic mold includes at least one layer of a first elastic body 11, and the multiple layers of the first elastic body 11 are arranged in sequence along the direction from the upper mold plate 1 to the lower mold plate 5;

[0075] S1 also includes: before pressing the initial slab 3, obtaining the material, shape and size of the elastic mold according to the shape and size of the target curved surface component 9 and the shape and size of the initial slab 3, determining the thickness of each first elastic body 11, obtaining the number of first elastic bodies 11 according to the thickness of the elastic mold and the thickness of each first elastic body 11, and obtaining the superposition method of multiple first elastic bodies 11.

[0076] It should be noted that when both the male mold device and the female mold device are rigid molds, before pressing the initial slab 3, the material, shape and size of the elastic compensation pad can also be obtained based on the shape and size of the target curved surface component 9 and the shape and size of the initial slab 3.

[0077] In this embodiment, S1 includes: the method for obtaining the shape and size of the initial slab 3 includes: obtaining the shape and size of the initial slab 3 according to the unfolded blank shape corresponding to the target curved surface component 9 after unfolding, and making the outer contour size of the initial slab 3 increase the margin of 20mm to 80mm on the basis of the size of the unfolded blank of the target curved surface component 9, so that the thickness of the initial slab 3 is the same as the thickness of the target curved surface component 9 or increasing the margin of 0.1mm to 8mm on the basis of the thickness of the target curved surface component 9. As a preferred embodiment, the target curved surface component 9 is unfolded using three-dimensional software such as UG and CATIA to obtain the unfolded blank shape and size data. After obtaining the size of the initial slab 3, the initial slab 3 is cut out by one of the methods such as plasma cutting, laser cutting or wire cutting, and then the edge of the initial slab 3 is chamfered and polished by grinding, and the removal depth reaches 5% to 15% of the wall thickness.

[0078] In this embodiment, S1 includes: the method for obtaining the size of the first elastic body 11 includes: making the thickness of the elastic mold 1 to 2 times the maximum height of the target curved surface component 9; obtaining the thickness of each first elastic body 11, and obtaining the number of first elastic bodies 11 according to the thickness of the elastic mold and the thickness of each first elastic body 11; the outline size of the elastic mold is not less than the outline size of the initial plate blank 3, such as the elastic mold and the initial plate blank 3 are rectangular, and the length and width of the elastic mold are not less than the length and width of the initial plate blank 3. The thickness of each first elastic body 11 can be determined according to the size (depth) of the formed part in the mold closing direction. Generally, the thickness of all first elastic bodies 11 is equal, and the thickness range of a single first elastic body 11 is 2-50mm.

[0079] In this embodiment, S1 includes: the method for obtaining the position of the surface to be compensated on the curved surface forming part includes: performing three-dimensional scanning on the curved surface forming part after rebound, the forming surface of the male mold device 2 and the forming surface of the female mold device 4 and obtaining the contour size data of the curved surface forming part before and after rebound, obtaining the rebound law or rebound data of the curved surface forming part according to the contour size data of the curved surface forming part before and after rebound, obtaining the position of the surface to be compensated of the curved surface forming part according to the rebound law or rebound data of the curved surface forming part, and then determining the number, position, shape and size of the elastic compensation pads 10. Place the elastic compensation pads 10 at the designed position and re-press the curved surface forming part.

[0080] As a preferred embodiment, when one of the punch device 2 and the die device 4 is an elastic die, only the curved surface forming part after rebound and the molding surface of the rigid die in the punch device 2 and the die device 4 can be scanned, and then an elastic compensation pad 10 is set at the molding surface of the rigid die in the punch device 2 and the die device 4.

[0081] It should be noted that the method for obtaining the position of the compensation surface is not limited to the above-mentioned method, and other methods can also be used, such as performing a three-dimensional scan on the curved surface forming part after rebound and obtaining the contour dimension data of the curved surface forming part, and comparing the contour dimension data of the curved surface forming part with the contour dimension data of the target curved surface component 9. The part of the curved surface forming part whose contour dimension deviation from the target curved surface component 9 is greater than the set value is the surface to be compensated of the curved surface forming part.

[0082] In this embodiment, S3 is also included: when the curved surface formed part meets the design requirements (dimensional accuracy requirements, etc.), the excess is cut off by plasma cutting, laser cutting or wire cutting to obtain the final target curved surface component 9.

[0083] As a first feasible implementation manner, the curved surface component forming method provided in this embodiment includes:

[0084] Step S1: inversely design the shape and size of the initial slab 3 according to the shape and size of the target curved surface component 9;

[0085] Step S2: setting one of the male die device 2 and the female die device 4 as a rigid die and the other as an elastic die; determining the material, shape, size, and stacking method of the elastic die required for press forming;

[0086] Step S3: placing the initial slab 3 on the rigid female mold device 4 at the bottom and the elastic mold 2 at the top;

[0087] Step S4: the elastic mold moves downward, driving the elastic mold to interact with the initial slab 3, applying a nearly uniform normal load to the initial slab 3, and the initial slab 3 is pressed and gradually abuts against the mold cavity of the concave mold device 4 to be formed into a curved surface formed part;

[0088] Step S5: unloading and opening the mold, the elastic mold rebounds to the initial shape, the curved surface formed part rebounds, and the shape of the curved surface formed part after rebound is scanned by a three-dimensional scanner to obtain the rebound law of the curved surface formed part;

[0089] Step S6: If the contour size of the curved surface forming part does not meet the accuracy requirements, place the curved surface forming part back on the die device 4, then place elastic compensation pads 10 at local positions on the upper and lower sides of the curved surface forming part, and re-close the mold to press and shape the curved surface forming part.

[0090] Step S7: unloading and opening the mold, taking out the curved surface formed part, and when the curved surface formed part meets the accuracy requirements, cutting off the excess to obtain the final curved surface component.

[0091] Among them, in step three, the elastic mold includes a rigid punch 6 and a second elastic body 13, the upper template 1 is fixedly connected to the rigid punch 6, and the lower template is fixedly connected to the rigid die device 4. The flat second elastic body 13 is freely placed on the initial slab 3, or the flat second elastic body 13 is wrapped and fixedly connected to the mold surface of the rigid punch 6, and then the initial slab 3 is pressed and formed. The lower template 5 is used to be set on the workbench of the press, and the press is a hydraulic press, a servo press, etc.; the upper template 1 is used to be connected to the press beam, and the press beam can drive the upper template 1 to move up and down, and the upper template 1 can drive the rigid punch 6 connected thereto to move up and down.

[0092] As a second feasible implementation, the steps of the curved surface component forming method provided in this embodiment are the same as those of the first feasible implementation, except that:

[0093] In step three, the initial slab 3 is placed on the die device 4, and the first elastic body 11 of multi-layer flat 85HA polyurethane material is stacked into a certain geometric configuration and placed on the initial slab 3, and then suspended and connected to the upper template 1 through the wire rope 8 and the bolt 7, and the initial slab 3 is pressed and formed by the first elastic body 11 with multi-layer stacking. The die device 4 is fixed together with the lower template 5, and then fixed on the workbench of the press. The press is a hydraulic press and a servo press. The upper template 1 is connected to the press beam, and the press beam drives the upper template 1 to move up and down to achieve mold closing and mold opening.

[0094] As a third feasible implementation, the steps of the curved surface component forming method provided in this embodiment are the same as those of the first feasible implementation, except that:

[0095] In step 3, the initial slab 3 is placed on the die device 4, and the elastic mold with an overall curved surface block is directly fixed on the upper template 1, and the initial slab 3 is directly pressed and formed by the elastic mold with an overall curved surface block. The die device 4 is fixed together with the lower template 5, and then fixed on the workbench of the press. The press is a hydraulic press and a servo press. The upper template 1 is connected to the press beam, and the press beam drives the upper template 1 to move up and down to achieve mold closing and mold opening.

[0096] As a fourth feasible implementation manner, the curved surface component forming method provided in this embodiment includes:

[0097] Step S1: inversely design the shape and size of the initial slab 3 according to the shape and size of the target curved surface component 9;

[0098] Step S2: setting both the male mold device 2 and the female mold device 4 as rigid molds; determining the material, shape, size, and placement position of the elastic compensation pad 10 required for press-forming the initial slab 3;

[0099] Step S3: placing the initial slab 3 between the male die device 2 and the female die device 4, and placing the elastic compensation pad 10 between the male die device 2 and the initial slab 3 and / or between the female die device 4 and the initial slab 3;

[0100] Step S4: the elastic mold moves downward, and the elastic compensation pad 10 can interact with the initial slab 3 during the mold closing process, and a nearly uniform normal load is applied to the corresponding surface of the initial slab 3. The initial slab 3 is pressed and gradually abuts against the mold cavity of the concave mold device 4 to be formed into a curved surface formed part;

[0101] Step S5: unloading and opening the mold, the curved surface formed part rebounds, and a 3D scanner is used to scan the shape of the curved surface formed part after rebounding to obtain the rebound law of the curved surface formed part;

[0102] Step S6: If the contour dimensions of the curved surface forming part do not meet the accuracy requirements, place the curved surface forming part back on the die device 4, and then place elastic compensation pads 10 of the required material, shape and size on the upper and lower local positions of the curved surface forming part (surface to be compensated), and re-close the mold to press and shape the curved surface forming part.

[0103] Step S7: unloading and opening the mold, taking out the curved surface formed part, and when the curved surface formed part meets the accuracy requirements, cutting off the excess to obtain the final curved surface component.

[0104] It should be noted that the upper mold plate 1 and the lower mold plate 5 in the present invention only represent the upper and lower relative to the space of the press, and the upper mold plate 1 and the lower mold plate 5 can be interchanged. The upper mold plate 1 is usually connected to the punch device 2, and the lower mold plate 5 is usually connected to the die device 4. The shape of the die device 4 is usually an integral block and a rigid mold. Its profile is mainly used to ensure the contour accuracy of the target curved surface component 9. There are no specific requirements for the profile of the punch device 2, and it is not necessary to completely match the die device 4. However, it is also possible that the die device 4 is an elastic mold and the punch device 2 is a rigid mold. In this case, the placement order of the first elastic body 11 and the second elastic body 13 and the initial slab 3 can be changed, that is, in addition to being able to be placed above the initial slab 3, the first elastic body 11 and the second elastic body 13 can also be placed under the initial slab 3. The placement order is determined according to the shape and size characteristics of the formed part and the forming effect.

[0105] The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A curved surface component forming device, characterized in that: It comprises a forming die and at least one elastic compensation pad, wherein the forming die comprises a male die device and a female die device; both the male die device and the female die device are rigid dies; Or one of the male mold device and the female mold device is a rigid mold, and the other of the male mold device and the female mold device is an elastic mold; the initial slab is placed between the male mold device and the female mold device; When both the male mold device and the female mold device are rigid molds, at least one elastic compensation pad is arranged between the male mold device and the initial slab and / or between the female mold device and the initial slab, and each elastic compensation pad can contact a part of the surface of the initial slab; by moving the male mold device toward the female mold device and / or moving the female mold device toward the male mold device, the elastic compensation pad and the initial slab can be pressed against each other, and the initial slab can be formed into a curved formed part; When one of the male mold device and the female mold device is a rigid mold and the other is an elastic mold, the initial plate blank can be formed into a curved surface formed part by moving the male mold device toward the female mold device and / or moving the female mold device toward the male mold device; The portion of the curved surface forming part whose contour dimension deviation from the target curved surface component is greater than a set value is the surface to be compensated of the curved surface forming part. The elastic compensation pad can be arranged between the working surface of the forming mold and the surface to be compensated, and the elastic compensation pad can contact the surface to be compensated.

2. The curved surface member forming device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic mold includes at least one layer of a first elastic body, and a plurality of layers of the first elastic body are stacked.

3. The curved surface member forming device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each of the first elastic bodies of the elastic mold is flat, and the initial slab and the curved surface forming part are both parts to be processed; from the side close to the part to be processed to the side away from the part to be processed, the outer contour dimensions of the multiple first elastic bodies decrease successively; the elastic mold can be deformed into an outward convex shape or an inward concave shape by mutual extrusion with the part to be processed.

4. The curved surface member forming device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic mold comprises a curved elastic body, and the working surface of the curved elastic body is an outer convex curved surface or an inner concave curved surface.

5. The curved surface member forming device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The elastic mold includes a rigid convex mold and a second elastic body, wherein the second elastic body is arranged between the rigid convex mold and the workpiece to be processed, and the second elastic body can be deformed into an outward convex shape by being squeezed by the workpiece to be processed.

6. A method for forming a curved surface member based on the curved surface member forming device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Forming the initial slab into the curved formed part using method 1 or method 2, wherein: Method 1 comprises: setting both the male die device and the female die device as rigid dies, and setting at least one elastic compensation pad between the male die device and the initial slab and / or between the female die device and the initial slab; moving the male die device toward the female die device and / or moving the female die device toward the male die device, so that the elastic compensation pad and the initial slab are mutually squeezed, and the initial slab is formed into a curved surface formed part; Method 2 comprises: setting one of the male die device and the female die device as a rigid die and the other as an elastic die, moving the male die device toward the female die device and / or moving the female die device toward the male die device, so as to form the initial plate blank into a curved formed part; S2. Obtain the position of the surface to be compensated on the curved surface forming part, set the elastic compensation pad at each of the surfaces to be compensated on the curved surface component, and use the punch device and the die device in the method one or the method two to press the curved surface forming part again until the deviation between the contour size of the curved surface forming part and the contour size of the target curved surface component is less than or equal to the set value.

7. The method for forming a curved surface component according to claim 6, characterized in that: S1 also includes: before pressing the initial slab, obtaining the shape and size of the initial slab according to the shape and size of the target curved surface component.

8. The method for forming a curved surface component according to claim 6, characterized in that: The elastic mold comprises at least one layer of a first elastic body, and a plurality of layers of the first elastic body are stacked; S1 also includes: before pressing the initial slab, obtaining the material, shape and size of the elastic mold according to the shape and size of the target curved surface component and the shape and size of the initial slab; determining the thickness of each of the first elastic bodies, and obtaining the number of the first elastic bodies according to the thickness of the elastic mold and the thickness of each of the first elastic bodies; and obtaining the superposition method of multiple first elastic bodies.

9. The method for forming a curved surface component according to claim 7, characterized in that: S1 includes: The method for obtaining the shape and size of the initial slab includes: obtaining the shape and size of the initial slab according to the shape of the unfolded blank corresponding to the target curved surface component after unfolding, and increasing the outer contour size of the initial slab by a margin of 20mm to 80mm on the basis of the size of the unfolded blank of the target curved surface component, and making the thickness of the initial slab the same as the thickness of the target curved surface component or increasing the thickness of the target curved surface component by a margin of 0.1mm to 8mm.

10. The method for forming a curved surface component according to claim 8, characterized in that: S1 includes: The method for obtaining the size of the elastic mold includes: making the thickness of the elastic mold 1 to 2 times the maximum height of the target curved surface component; The thickness of each of the first elastic bodies is obtained, and the number of the first elastic bodies is obtained according to the thickness of the elastic mold and the thickness of each of the first elastic bodies; the outline size of the elastic mold is not less than the outline size of the initial slab.

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