Electric vehicle drive axle with efficient heat dissipation and cooling functions

Abstract

The electric vehicle drive axle comprises an axle housing, a reduction gearbox, a drive axle body, a brake, a hub brake drum and a half shaft, an input shaft and a multi-stage reduction gear are installed at the front end in the reduction gearbox, a large spiral gear is installed in the axle housing, the input shaft is meshed with an output shaft of a drive motor, and the output shaft is meshed with a large spiral gear. The input shaft is sequentially meshed with a large spiral gear through a multi-stage reduction gear, the large spiral gear is meshed with a half shaft through a differential gear, and the axis of the input shaft, the axis of the multi-stage reduction gear, the axis of the large spiral gear and the axis of the differential gear are all located in the same horizontal plane H1; gear oil is filled in the reduction gearbox, the input shaft and the multi-stage reduction gear are partially soaked in the gear oil, and the liquid level surface H2 of the gear oil is not higher than H1. The electric vehicle drive axle with the efficient heat dissipation and cooling functions is ingenious in design and compact in structure, the gears and the bearings in the reduction gearbox can be lubricated and cooled, the heating problem of the gears and the bearings is solved, the early abrasion phenomenon of the gears and the bearings is reduced, the heat dissipation effect is improved, meanwhile, noise is reduced, and the service life is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of new energy electric vehicles, and in particular to an electric vehicle drive axle with high-efficiency heat dissipation and temperature reduction. Background Art

[0002] Due to concerns about the energy crisis and environmental protection, major OEMs are stepping up the development of various new energy vehicles and have made certain progress and breakthroughs.

[0003] With the breakthroughs in the field of new energy technology for construction machinery and the improvement of product reliability in recent years, new energy engineering vehicles have gradually entered some working conditions with long duration and relatively harsh working environment. At present, the gear structure in the conventional drive axle reduction box usually adopts an "M" type layout, resulting in the gears and bearings in the reduction box not being immersed in gear oil, and the gears and bearings can only be lubricated and cooled by splashing gear oil. In addition, the conventional reduction box housing mostly adopts a "multi-faceted wall thickness" structural design, resulting in poor heat dissipation of the reduction box and rapid temperature rise in the reduction box.

[0004] Therefore, when new energy electric vehicles are operating for a long time, the drive axle is prone to rapid temperature rise and poor heat dissipation. Moreover, as the temperature rises, the noise of the drive axle reducer becomes louder, and even the gears, bearings, and splines in the input shaft of the reducer show early wear, resulting in poor operating stability. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an electric vehicle drive axle with high efficiency in heat dissipation and temperature reduction to solve the above defects.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] An electric vehicle drive axle with high efficiency in heat dissipation and temperature reduction comprises an axle housing, a reduction gearbox, a drive axle body, a brake, a wheel hub brake drum and a half shaft, wherein the drive axle body, the brake, the wheel hub brake drum and the half shaft are all provided with two, and the drive axle body, the brake and the wheel hub brake drum are all connected in series on the half shafts and fixedly mounted on both sides of the axle housing respectively, the reduction gearbox is mounted on the front side of the axle housing and drives the two half shafts to rotate through gears; an input shaft and a multi-stage reduction gear are mounted at the front end of the reduction gearbox, a large helical gear is mounted in the axle housing, the input shaft is meshed with the output shaft of the drive motor, the input shaft is meshed with the large helical gear in sequence through the multi-stage reduction gear, the large helical gear is meshed with the half shaft gear mounted at the front end of the half shaft through a differential gear, and the axis lines of the input shaft, the multi-stage reduction gear, the large helical gear and the differential gear are all in the same horizontal plane H1; gear oil is poured into the reduction gearbox, the input shaft and the multi-stage reduction gear are partially immersed in the gear oil, and the liquid level H2 of the gear oil is not higher than H1.

[0008] Preferably, the axle housing includes a front axle housing and a rear axle housing, the reduction gearbox includes a reduction gearbox body, the reduction gearbox body is fixedly mounted on one side of the front axle housing, and the front axle housing and the rear axle housing are fixed by bolts.

[0009] Preferably, a plurality of heat dissipation ribs are arranged on the end surface of the front axle housing; the heat dissipation ribs are welded on the end surface of the front axle housing, or the front axle housing and the plurality of heat dissipation ribs are integrally formed.

[0010] Preferably, the reduction gear box body is provided with an input shaft hole penetrating the interior thereof, the input shaft is installed in the reduction gear box body via a plurality of input shaft bearings, and one end of the input shaft is sealed and fixed in the input shaft hole of the reduction gear box body.

[0011] Preferably, a through-type axial center hole is provided in the axis center of the input shaft, an internal spline is provided on the inner wall of the through-type axial center hole, an external spline is provided on the output shaft of the drive motor, the internal spline is meshed with the external spline, and the internal spline and the external spline are both immersed in the gear oil of the reduction box.

[0012] Preferably, the multi-stage reduction gear includes a secondary large gear, a secondary small gear, a tertiary large gear, and a tertiary small gear. The secondary large gear and the secondary small gear are concentrically fixed together and installed on the secondary gear shaft through a secondary bearing. The tertiary large gear and the tertiary small gear are concentrically fixed together and installed on the tertiary gear shaft through a tertiary bearing. Both ends of the secondary gear shaft and the tertiary gear shaft are fixed on the inner wall of the reduction housing. The external teeth of the input shaft arranged on the input shaft are meshed with the secondary large gear, the secondary small gear is meshed with the tertiary large gear, and the tertiary small gear is meshed with the large helical gear.

[0013] Preferably, the axis lines of the input shaft bearing, the secondary gear shaft, the secondary gear, the secondary pinion, the secondary bearing, the tertiary gear shaft, the tertiary gear, the tertiary pinion, and the tertiary bearing are all in the horizontal plane H1; and parts of the input shaft bearing, the secondary gear, the secondary pinion, the secondary bearing, the tertiary gear, the tertiary pinion, and the tertiary bearing are all immersed in gear oil.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0015] The electric vehicle drive axle with high efficiency in heat dissipation and temperature reduction of the present invention adjusts the gear structure in the reduction box from an "M" type layout to a horizontal "I" type layout, so that the axis lines of the input shaft, the multi-stage reduction gear, the large helical gear and the differential gear are all in the same horizontal plane H1, and the input shaft and the multi-stage reduction gear are immersed in the gear oil of the reduction box, and the gear oil is used to lubricate and cool the input shaft and the multi-stage reduction gear; the housing of the reduction box is adjusted from a "multi-faceted wall thickness" structure to a "multi-rib and few-face" structure, and a plurality of heat dissipation ribs are arranged on the reduction box body and the end face of the front axle housing, which solves the heat dissipation problem of the reduction box and improves the service life of the gears and bearings in the reduction box, while also reducing the design weight of the entire bridge and improving the market competitiveness of the product. The electric vehicle drive axle with efficient heat dissipation and temperature reduction of the present invention has an ingenious design and a compact structure. It can lubricate and cool the gears and bearings in the reduction box through gear oil, thereby improving the heating problem of the gears and bearings in the reduction box, reducing the early wear of the gears and bearings in the reduction box, and improving the heat dissipation effect of the bridge housing and the reduction box. At the same time, it reduces noise, increases the service life of the gears and bearings, and has good operating stability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 : A schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 : A top view of the structure of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 : Schematic diagram of the structural explosion of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 : A schematic diagram of the structure of the axle housing and the reduction gearbox of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5 : A left side view of the structure of the axle housing and the reduction box of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 6 : Figure 2 A magnified view of the structure in the middle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0023] Embodiment 1:

[0024] Reference Figure 1-6The present invention proposes an electric vehicle drive axle with high efficiency in heat dissipation and temperature reduction, comprising a bridge housing 1, a reduction box 2, a drive bridge body 3, a brake 4, a wheel hub brake drum 5 and a half shaft 6. The drive bridge body 3, the brake 4, the wheel hub brake drum 5 and the half shaft 6 are each provided with two, and the drive bridge body 3, the brake 4, the wheel hub brake drum 5 are all connected in series on the half shaft 6 and are respectively fixedly mounted on both sides of the bridge housing 1, the reduction box 2 is mounted on the front side of the bridge housing 1, and the driving motor drives the two half shafts 6 to rotate through the gears in the reduction box 2.

[0025] The axle housing 1 includes a front axle housing 11 and a rear axle housing 12. The reduction box 2 includes a reduction box body 21. The reduction box body 21 is fixedly mounted on one side of the front axle housing 11. The front axle housing 11 and the rear axle housing 12 are fixed by bolts. A plurality of heat dissipation ribs 14 are arranged on the end face of the front axle housing 11. The heat dissipation ribs 14 are welded on the end face of the front axle housing 11, or the front axle housing 11 and the plurality of heat dissipation ribs 14 are integrally formed. The housing of the reduction box 2 is adjusted from a "multi-faceted wall thickness" structure to a "multi-rib and few-faceted" structure. A plurality of heat dissipation ribs 14 are arranged on the end faces of the reduction box body 21 and the front axle housing 11, which solves the heat dissipation problem of the reduction box and improves the service life of the gears and bearings in the reduction box. At the same time, the design weight of the entire bridge is reduced, and the market competitiveness of the product is improved.

[0026] An input shaft 22 and a multi-stage reduction gear are installed at the front end of the reduction box 2, and a large helical gear 13 is installed in the bridge housing 1. The input shaft 22 meshes with the output shaft of the drive motor, and the input shaft 22 meshes with the large helical gear 13 in sequence through the multi-stage reduction gear, and the large helical gear 13 meshes with the half-shaft gear installed at the front end of the half-shaft 6 through the differential gear. The axis lines of the input shaft 22, the multi-stage reduction gear, the large helical gear 13 and the differential gear are all in the same horizontal plane H1; the reduction box 2 is filled with gear oil, and the input shaft 22 and the multi-stage reduction gear are partially immersed in the gear oil, and the gear oil liquid level H2 is not higher than H1.

[0027] The electric vehicle drive axle of the present invention adjusts the gear structure in the reduction box 2 from the "M" type layout of the prior art to the horizontal "I" type layout of the present invention, so that the axis lines of the input shaft 22, the multi-stage reduction gear, the large helical gear 13 and the differential gear are all in the same horizontal plane H1, and the input shaft 22 and the multi-stage reduction gear can be immersed in the gear oil of the reduction box 2. The input shaft 22 and the multi-stage reduction gear are lubricated and cooled by the gear oil, which can not only improve the heating problem of the gears and bearings in the reduction box 2, but also significantly reduce the early wear of the gears and bearings in the reduction box 2, reduce the operating noise, and increase the service life of the gears and bearings.

[0028] Embodiment 2:

[0029] Reference Figure 1-6The present invention proposes an electric vehicle drive axle with high efficiency in heat dissipation and temperature reduction, comprising a bridge housing 1, a reduction box 2, a drive bridge body 3, a brake 4, a wheel hub brake drum 5 and a half shaft 6. The drive bridge body 3, the brake 4, the wheel hub brake drum 5 and the half shaft 6 are each provided with two, and the drive bridge body 3, the brake 4, the wheel hub brake drum 5 are all connected in series on the half shaft 6 and are respectively fixedly mounted on both sides of the bridge housing 1, the reduction box 2 is mounted on the front side of the bridge housing 1, and the driving motor drives the two half shafts 6 to rotate through the gears in the reduction box 2.

[0030] The axle housing 1 includes a front axle housing 11 and a rear axle housing 12. The reduction box 2 includes a reduction box body 21. The reduction box body 21 is fixedly mounted on one side of the front axle housing 11. The front axle housing 11 and the rear axle housing 12 are fixed by bolts. A plurality of heat dissipation ribs 14 are arranged on the end face of the front axle housing 11. The heat dissipation ribs 14 are welded on the end face of the front axle housing 11, or the front axle housing 11 and the plurality of heat dissipation ribs 14 are integrally formed. The housing of the reduction box 2 is adjusted from a "multi-faceted wall thickness" structure to a "multi-rib and few-faceted" structure. A plurality of heat dissipation ribs 14 are arranged on the end faces of the reduction box body 21 and the front axle housing 11, which solves the heat dissipation problem of the reduction box and improves the service life of the gears and bearings in the reduction box. At the same time, the design weight of the entire bridge is reduced, and the market competitiveness of the product is improved.

[0031] An input shaft 22 and a multi-stage reduction gear are installed at the front end of the reduction box 2, and a large helical gear 13 is installed in the bridge housing 1. The input shaft 22 meshes with the output shaft of the drive motor, and the input shaft 22 meshes with the large helical gear 13 in sequence through the multi-stage reduction gear, and the large helical gear 13 meshes with the half-shaft gear installed at the front end of the half-shaft 6 through the differential gear. The axis lines of the input shaft 22, the multi-stage reduction gear, the large helical gear 13 and the differential gear are all in the same horizontal plane H1; the reduction box 2 is filled with gear oil, and the input shaft 22 and the multi-stage reduction gear are partially immersed in the gear oil, and the gear oil liquid level H2 is not higher than H1.

[0032] The multi-stage reduction gear includes a secondary large gear 25, a secondary small gear, a tertiary large gear 28, and a tertiary small gear. The secondary large gear 25 and the secondary small gear are concentrically fixed together and installed on the secondary gear shaft 24 through a secondary bearing 26. The tertiary large gear 28 and the tertiary small gear are concentrically fixed together and installed on the tertiary gear shaft 27 through a tertiary bearing 29. Both ends of the secondary gear shaft 24 and the tertiary gear shaft 27 are fixed on the inner wall of the reduction box body 21. The input shaft external teeth arranged on the input shaft 22 are meshed with the secondary large gear 25, the secondary small gear is meshed with the tertiary large gear 28, and the tertiary small gear is meshed with the large helical gear 13. The axial center lines of the input shaft bearing 23, the secondary gear shaft 24, the secondary large gear 25, the secondary pinion, the secondary bearing 26, the tertiary gear shaft 27, the tertiary large gear 28, the tertiary pinion, and the tertiary bearing 29 are all in the horizontal plane H1; parts of the input shaft bearing 23, the secondary large gear 25, the secondary pinion, the secondary bearing 26, the tertiary large gear 28, the tertiary pinion, and the tertiary bearing 29 are all immersed in gear oil.

[0033] The electric vehicle drive axle of the present invention adjusts the gear structure in the reduction box 2 from the "M" type layout of the prior art to the horizontal "I" type layout of the present invention, so that the axis lines of the input shaft 22, the multi-stage reduction gear, the large helical gear 13 and the differential gear are all in the same horizontal plane H1, and the input shaft 22 and the multi-stage reduction gear can be immersed in the gear oil of the reduction box 2. The input shaft 22 and the multi-stage reduction gear are lubricated and cooled by the gear oil, which can not only improve the heating problem of the gears and bearings in the reduction box 2, but also significantly reduce the early wear of the gears and bearings in the reduction box 2, reduce the operating noise, and increase the service life of the gears and bearings.

[0034] The reduction box body 21 is provided with an input shaft hole that runs through the interior thereof, and an input shaft 22 is installed at the front end of the reduction box 2. The input shaft 22 is installed in the reduction box body 21 through a plurality of input shaft bearings 23, and one end of the input shaft 22 is sealed and fixed in the input shaft hole of the reduction box body 21. A through-type axial center hole is provided in the axis of the input shaft 22, and an internal spline is provided on the inner wall of the through-type axial center hole. An external spline is provided on the output shaft of the driving motor, and the internal spline is meshed with the external spline, and both the internal spline and the external spline are immersed in the gear oil of the reduction box 2. The input shaft 22 adopts a through-type structural design, which allows the gear oil in the reduction box 2 to directly lubricate the internal spline of the input shaft 22 and the external spline on the output shaft of the driving motor, which not only reduces the temperature and solves the early wear phenomenon of the mating spline part, but also improves the durability and reliability of the reduction box.

[0035] The electric vehicle drive axle of the present invention has an ingenious design and a compact structure. It can lubricate and cool the gears and bearings in the reduction box 2 through gear oil, thereby improving the heating problem of the gears and bearings in the reduction box 2, reducing the early wear of the gears and bearings in the reduction box 2, and improving the heat dissipation effect of the bridge housing 1 and the reduction box 2. At the same time, it reduces noise and increases the service life of the gears and bearings, and has good operating stability.

[0036] The above is an exemplary description of the invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It is obvious that the specific implementation of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned method. As long as such non-substantial improvements are made by adopting the method concept and technical solution of the present invention, or the concept and technical solution of the invention are directly applied to other occasions without improvement, they are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electric vehicle drive axle with high efficiency in heat dissipation and temperature reduction, comprising an axle housing (1), a reduction gearbox (2), a drive axle body (3), a brake (4), a wheel hub brake drum (5) and a half shaft (6), wherein the drive axle body (3), the brake (4), the wheel hub brake drum (5) and the half shaft (6) are each provided with two, and the drive axle body (3), the brake (4) and the wheel hub brake drum (5) are all connected in series on the half shaft (6) and are respectively fixedly mounted on both sides of the axle housing (1), and the reduction gearbox (2) is mounted on the front side of the axle housing (1) and drives the two half shafts (6) to rotate through gears; characterized in that: An input shaft (22) and a multi-stage reduction gear are installed at the front end of the reduction box (2); a large helical gear (13) is installed in the bridge housing (1); the input shaft (22) meshes with the output shaft of the drive motor; the input shaft (22) meshes with the large helical gear (13) in sequence through the multi-stage reduction gear; the large helical gear (13) meshes with the half-shaft gear installed at the front end of the half-shaft (6) through the differential gear; the axis lines of the input shaft (22), the multi-stage reduction gear, the large helical gear (13) and the differential gear are all in the same horizontal plane H1; the reduction box (2) is filled with gear oil; parts of the input shaft (22) and the multi-stage reduction gear are immersed in the gear oil; the liquid level H2 of the gear oil is not higher than H1.

2. According to claim 1, an electric vehicle drive axle with high efficiency in heat dissipation and temperature reduction is characterized in that: The axle housing (1) comprises a front axle housing (11) and a rear axle housing (12); the reduction box (2) comprises a reduction box body (21); the reduction box body (21) is fixedly mounted on one side of the front axle housing (11); and the front axle housing (11) and the rear axle housing (12) are fixed by bolts.

3. The electric vehicle drive axle with high efficiency heat dissipation and temperature reduction according to claim 2, characterized in that: The reduction gearbox (21) and the front axle housing (11) are both provided with a plurality of heat dissipation ribs (14) on their end surfaces; the heat dissipation ribs (14) are welded to the reduction gearbox (21) and the front axle housing (11) end surfaces, or the reduction gearbox (21), the front axle housing (11) and the plurality of heat dissipation ribs (14) are all integrally formed.

4. The electric vehicle drive axle with high efficiency heat dissipation and temperature reduction according to claim 2, characterized in that: The reduction box body (21) is provided with an input shaft hole penetrating the interior thereof; the input shaft (22) is installed in the reduction box body (21) via a plurality of input shaft bearings (23); and one end of the input shaft (22) is sealed and fixed in the input shaft hole of the reduction box body (21).

5. The electric vehicle drive axle with high efficiency heat dissipation and temperature reduction according to claim 4, characterized in that: A through-type axial center hole is arranged in the axis center of the input shaft (22), an inner spline is arranged on the inner wall of the through-type axial center hole, an outer spline is arranged on the output shaft of the drive motor, the inner spline is meshed with the outer spline, and the inner spline and the outer spline are both immersed in the gear oil of the reduction box (2).

6. The electric vehicle drive axle with high efficiency heat dissipation and temperature reduction according to claim 2, characterized in that: The multi-stage reduction gear comprises a secondary large gear (25), a secondary small gear, a tertiary large gear (28), and a tertiary small gear. The secondary large gear (25) and the secondary small gear are fixed together concentrically and mounted on the secondary gear shaft (24) via a secondary bearing (26). The tertiary large gear (28) and the tertiary small gear are fixed together concentrically and mounted on the tertiary gear shaft (27) via a tertiary bearing (29). Both ends of the secondary gear shaft (24) and the tertiary gear shaft (27) are fixed on the inner wall of the reduction box body (21). The input shaft external teeth arranged on the input shaft (22) are meshed with the secondary large gear (25), the secondary small gear is meshed with the tertiary large gear (28), and the tertiary small gear is meshed with the large helical gear (13).

7. The electric vehicle drive axle with high efficiency heat dissipation and temperature reduction according to claim 2, characterized in that: The axis lines of the input shaft bearing (23), the secondary gear shaft (24), the secondary gear (25), the secondary pinion, the secondary bearing (26), the tertiary gear shaft (27), the tertiary gear (28), the tertiary pinion, and the tertiary bearing (29) are all located within the horizontal plane H1; Parts of the input shaft bearing (23), the second-stage large gear (25), the second-stage small gear, the second-stage bearing (26), the third-stage large gear (28), the third-stage small gear, and the third-stage bearing (29) are all immersed in gear oil.

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