Biomass gas and activated carbon cogeneration unit

Abstract

This invention discloses a biomass gas and activated carbon co-production device, including a carbonization and activation furnace. The carbonization and activation furnace is equipped with a flue gas channel, a gas channel, and a material channel. The flue gas channel is located at the center of the furnace's cross-section. The gas channel is arranged around the periphery of the flue gas channel. The material channel is arranged around the periphery of the gas channel. A drying section, a carbonization section, and an activation section are sequentially formed in the material channel from the feed end to the discharge end. A gas passage is distributed between the gas channel and the material channel to allow the gas generated from the pyrolysis of the biomass raw material in the material channel to enter the gas channel. The gas passage is located in the carbonization section of the material channel. This invention offers continuous and controllable operation, uniform heat transfer within the furnace, high biomass char yield, good product quality and characteristics, no environmental pollution during production, secondary utilization of by-products, high energy efficiency, low energy consumption, low cost, small footprint, and strong adaptability to biomass raw materials.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of activated carbon and biomass gas preparation technology, specifically relating to a biomass gas and activated carbon co-production device. Background Technology

[0002] The two most mature existing biomass cogeneration equipment are the kiln-type biomass cogeneration furnace and the horizontal biomass cogeneration furnace. The kiln-type biomass cogeneration furnace adopts the production principle of biomass carbonization and dry distillation. It is an intermittent production process, requiring heavy manual labor, with a long production cycle, significant pollution, high system energy consumption, and difficulty in recovering by-products. The most significant problem is its extremely high requirement for raw material quality (narrow range of usable biomass raw materials, low moisture content, and low ash content, etc.). Its advantages include better quality biochar (uniform heating, large carbonization surface area, controllable carbonization time), lower initial investment, and large-scale single project. The horizontal biomass cogeneration furnace relies on flue gas carbonization in a mechanical converter to extract volatiles, resulting in lower energy conversion efficiency (high-temperature fuel gas and by-products contribute to the problem). The main problems are: some energy is not reused, high energy consumption (horizontal furnace outer cylinder is rotated by motor), large heat loss (high temperature carbonization increases the temperature difference between the furnace body and the outside), and the most important problem is that the quality of biomass char cannot be guaranteed (the carbonized biomass char is activated by flue gas). Mechanical parts consume a lot of electricity and have a short lifespan. Moreover, the produced gas tar and ash content are relatively high (medium and low temperature carbonization makes it impossible for biomass tar to be completely decomposed, and the flue gas takes away a lot of ash when it comes into contact with biomass raw materials). High-cost purification equipment is required for secondary use. Its advantages are that the equipment is easy to install, easy to operate and control, the equipment can be miniaturized and modularized, and the system production is continuous and stable. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned problems, the purpose of this invention is to provide a biomass gas and activated carbon co-production device with a compact structure, uniform heat transfer within the furnace, and high biomass char production rate.

[0004] The technical solution for implementing the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A biomass gas and activated carbon cogeneration unit includes a furnace head, a furnace tail, and a carbonization and activation furnace located between the furnace head and the furnace tail. The carbonization and activation furnace is arranged at a downward slope from the furnace tail to the furnace head. The furnace tail is equipped with a feeding device for biomass raw materials, and the furnace head is equipped with a unloading device.

[0006] The carbonization and activation furnace is equipped with a flue gas passage, a gas combustion passage, and a material passage;

[0007] The flue gas passage is formed at the center of the cross-section of the carbonization and activation furnace, extending from one end of the furnace toward the other.

[0008] The gas passage is arranged around the flue gas passage, surrounding it.

[0009] The material channel is arranged around the gas channel, surrounding it.

[0010] One end of the material channel is the feed end, which is connected to the feeding device, and the other end is the discharge end, which is connected to the discharge device. The material channel consists of a drying section, a carbonization section, and an activation section in sequence from the feed end to the discharge end.

[0011] A gas combustion system that feeds high-temperature flue gas into the flue gas passage is installed on one side of the burner head, as well as a gas collection system that is connected to the gas passage;

[0012] Between the gas passage and the material passage, there is a gas passage for the gas generated by the pyrolysis of biomass raw materials in the material passage to enter the gas passage. The gas passage is located in the carbonization section of the material passage.

[0013] In one embodiment of this application: the carbonization activation furnace includes an outer furnace body and an inner furnace body arranged coaxially with the outer furnace body;

[0014] The outer furnace body is rotatably mounted outside the inner furnace body, and the material channel is formed between the inner peripheral wall of the outer furnace body and the outer peripheral wall of the inner furnace body.

[0015] The two ends of the inner furnace body are fixedly set between the furnace tail and the furnace head, and the two ends of the outer furnace body are rotatably set between the furnace tail and the furnace head; the furnace tail, the furnace head and the outer furnace body are connected by rotary seals, and a gear ring is fixedly set on the outer circumference of the outer furnace body;

[0016] The flue gas passage and the gas combustion passage are formed in the inner furnace body.

[0017] In one embodiment of this application: the flue gas passage has a circular cross-section, and the gas passage and material passage have annular cross-sections; the centerlines of the flue gas passage, the gas passage, and the material passage are collinear with the rotation axis of the carbonization and activation furnace.

[0018] In one embodiment of this application: the gas combustion system includes a low-NOx burner, an oxygen-enriching fan, a gas tank, and a configuration box. One end of the configuration box has an assembly port for the combustion end of the low-NOx burner to extend into the configuration box, and the other end has a flue gas outlet. A meandering buffer channel is formed between the assembly port and the flue gas outlet of the configuration box by refractory brick baffles arranged at intervals.

[0019] The gas cylinder is connected to the gas inlet of the low-NOx burner;

[0020] A first pipe is connected to the flue gas outlet of the configuration box. The first pipe is connected to the inlet of the oxygen-enriching fan. The outlet of the oxygen-enriching fan is connected to the air inlet of the low-NOx burner. An air volume control valve is installed on the first pipe.

[0021] In one embodiment of this application: the gas collection system includes a gas pipeline, a cooling system, and a gas holder. The gas pipeline is connected to a gas passage, which is connected to a second pipeline and a third pipeline. The cooling system is arranged between the second pipeline and the gas holder, and the third pipeline is connected to the gas inlet of a low-NOx burner.

[0022] In one embodiment of this application: the inner furnace body includes an inner main body with a through interior and an outer main body with a through interior. One end of the inner main body and the outer main body is fixedly installed in the furnace head, and the other end of the inner main body and the outer main body is fixedly installed in the furnace tail.

[0023] The flue gas passage is formed in the inner main body and is arranged along the axial direction of the inner main body;

[0024] The gas passage is formed between the outer peripheral wall of the inner main body and the inner peripheral wall of the outer main body;

[0025] An annular distribution ring is fixedly installed between the outer periphery of the inner main body and the inner periphery of the outer main body near the tail of the furnace. The outer periphery of the distribution ring is fixedly connected to the inner periphery of the outer main body to form a seal, and the inner periphery of the distribution ring is fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the inner main body to form a seal. The distribution ring has several through holes that are evenly distributed at intervals, and the gas passage and the flue gas passage are connected through the several through holes.

[0026] In one embodiment of this application: the furnace tail includes a furnace tail outer shell and a furnace tail inner shell, the side of the furnace tail outer shell and the furnace tail inner shell facing the furnace head is the open side, and the furnace tail inner shell is fixedly installed at the center of the inner cross section of the furnace tail outer shell.

[0027] A material distribution cavity is formed between the inner peripheral wall of the furnace tail shell and the outer peripheral wall of the furnace tail shell. The material distribution cavity includes a main cavity and a secondary cavity that communicates with the main cavity. The main cavity is formed between the outer bottom wall of the furnace tail shell and the inner bottom wall of the furnace tail shell. The secondary cavity is formed in a ring shape between the outer side wall of the furnace tail shell and the inner side wall of the furnace tail shell. The secondary cavity communicates with the feed end of the material channel.

[0028] The inner furnace body is fixedly installed in the inner shell of the furnace tail. A refractory end is fixedly installed on the bottom wall of the inner shell of the furnace tail. The refractory end is at least directly opposite the flue gas passage and is larger than the cross-section of the flue gas passage.

[0029] In one embodiment of this application: the outer furnace body is composed of an inner refractory layer and an outer insulation layer.

[0030] By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0031] (1) The operation of this invention is continuously controllable. By adjusting the combustion rate of the low-NOx burner, the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas entering the furnace can be set, thereby adjusting the carbonization temperature of the biomass raw materials and achieving temperature controllability. Furthermore, by adjusting the rotation speed of the carbonization and activation furnace, the residence time of the biomass raw materials in the material channel can be controlled, achieving time controllability. By adjusting one of the following: the feed rate of the biomass raw materials, the rotation speed of the carbonization and activation furnace, or the air intake of the aerator, the atmosphere inside the furnace can be controlled. In addition, by setting the flue gas channel in the center of the carbonization and activation furnace, the heat transfer inside the furnace is more uniform, which helps to stabilize the carbonization and activation of the biomass raw materials.

[0032] (2) In this invention, the high-temperature flue gas does not come into direct contact with the biomass raw materials, thus avoiding the high-temperature flue gas from carrying away a large amount of ash in the material channel, which helps to improve the biochar yield; and no oxygen is generated during the pyrolysis of the biomass raw materials in the material channel, which helps to improve the quality and characteristics of activated carbon products.

[0033] (3) The biomass gas produced by this invention can be used to heat a low-NOx burner for combustion, or it can be stored after being treated to remove tar. The activated carbon produced can be collected and used in a centralized manner. Therefore, the entire device and system produce no pollution to the environment, and the by-products can be reused. The energy utilization rate is high.

[0034] (4) The present invention involves fewer structural components, simple system operation, simple maintenance and repair, safe and stable (in a relatively closed environment and with stable and reliable furnace temperature), and long service life (high temperature resistant structures are set at high temperature flue gas locations to reduce damage to the furnace caused by high temperature flue gas).

[0035] (5) This invention uses biomass gas generated from biomass raw materials as fuel for a low-NOx burner, reducing the use of external gas supply. Furthermore, the flue gas is arranged in the center of the carbonization and activation furnace, which improves the heat transfer of the entire furnace and thus reduces energy consumption. This invention involves fewer structural components and can also be improved on existing rotary kilns, thereby reducing costs. It forms the entire process of drying, carbonizing and activating biomass raw materials in the carbonization and activation furnace, reducing the use of multiple equipment for joint production. This invention has a compact structure, small footprint, and can be miniaturized and modularized.

[0036] (6) In this invention, the high-temperature flue gas does not come into direct contact with the biomass raw materials, and it is highly adaptable to the range of biomass raw materials. Compared with traditional medium and low temperature carbonization, which makes it impossible to completely decompose biomass tar (in the gas passage of this application, the passage is in a high-temperature state, and the high-temperature flue gas contains oxygen, so a certain degree of combustion will occur in the gas passage, thereby burning and decomposing the tar in the biomass gas discharged from the material passage), and the flue gas takes away a large amount of ash from contact with the biomass raw materials, requiring high-cost purification equipment for secondary use. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the system flow of the present invention;

[0038] In the attached diagram, 10. Furnace head, 11. Furnace tail, 12. Carbonization and activation furnace, 13. Feed hopper, 14. Electric slide gate valve, 15. Discharge hopper, 16. Airlock, 17. Flue gas passage, 18. Gas passage, 19. Material passage, 20. Passage passage, 21. Outer furnace body, 22. Inner furnace body, 23. Rotary seal, 24. Gear ring, 25. Low-NOx burner, 26. Aeration fan, 27. Gas tank, 28. Configuration box, 29. Flue gas outlet, 30. Refractory brick baffle, 31. Buffer passage, 32. First pipeline. 33. Air volume control valve; 34. Gas pipeline; 35. Cooling system; 36. Gas holder; 37. Second pipeline; 38. Third pipeline; 39. Water seal cooling tank; 40. Multiple water jackets; 41. Cooling tower; 42. Circulating water pump; 43. Inner body; 44. Outer body; 45. Distribution ring; 46. Through hole; 47. Furnace tail outer shell; 48. Furnace tail inner shell; 49. Fixed support component; 50. Main cavity; 51. Secondary cavity; 52. Refractory end; 53. Refractory layer; 54. Insulation layer; 55. Gas regulating valve. Detailed Implementation

[0039] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the described embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used in the description of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof in the description, claims and foregoing drawings of this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0041] In this application, the reference to "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0042] Please see Figure 1As shown, the biomass gas and activated carbon cogeneration unit includes a furnace head 10, a furnace tail 11, and a carbonization and activation furnace 12 horizontally arranged between the furnace head 10 and the furnace tail 11. The carbonization and activation furnace 12 is arranged at a downward inclination of 5 degrees from the furnace tail 11 to the furnace head 10, so that the biomass material at the furnace tail 11 tends to move towards the furnace head 10. The furnace tail 11 is equipped with a feeding device for biomass raw materials to enter, and the furnace head 10 is equipped with a unloading device. Biomass raw materials are added towards the furnace tail 11 through the feeding device. After carbonization and activation in the carbonization and activation furnace 12, the activated carbon formed is discharged from the furnace head 11. The carbonization activation furnace 12 is discharged from the unloading device; the feeding device includes a feeding hopper 13 and an electric slide gate valve 14. The feeding hopper 13 is located above the furnace tail 11 and communicates with the inside of the furnace tail 11. The electric slide gate valve 14 is located between the feeding hopper 13 and the furnace tail 11. Biomass raw materials enter the feeding hopper 13 after screening, and then fall into the furnace tail 11 through the opening of the electric slide gate valve 14. The unloading device includes a discharge hopper 15 and an airlock 16. The discharge hopper 15 is located below the furnace head 10 and communicates with the inside of the furnace head 10. The airlock 16 is installed below the discharge hopper 15 to control the discharge of activated carbon.

[0043] A flue gas passage 17, a gas combustion passage 18, and a material passage 19 are provided inside the carbonization and activation furnace 12. The flue gas passage 17 is formed at the center of the cross-section of the carbonization and activation furnace 12, extending from one end of the furnace to the other. The gas combustion passage 18 is arranged around the outer periphery of the flue gas passage 17, surrounding it. The material passage 19 is arranged around the outer periphery of the gas combustion passage 18, surrounding it. The flue gas passage 17 is located at the center of all passages and also at the center of the entire carbonization and activation furnace 12. The high-temperature flue gas passing through the flue gas passage 17 in the carbonization and activation furnace 12 can make the heat transfer in the entire furnace more uniform. The material passage 19 is arranged on the outermost side of all passages to facilitate the entry of biomass materials and to facilitate the formation of the overall structure of the carbonization and activation furnace 12. One end of the material passage 19 is a feeding end that communicates with the feeding device, and the other end is connected to... The unloading device forms a connected discharge end; in the material channel 19, from the feed end to the discharge end, a drying section, a carbonization section, and an activation section are formed sequentially; that is, the biomass raw material entering the material channel 19 from the feed device passes through the drying section, carbonization section, and activation section in sequence. In the drying section, the biomass material can be heated and dried to remove moisture. In the carbonization section, the biomass raw material can be carbonized. After the biomass raw material is pyrolyzed and carbonized, the carbon dioxide and moisture generated during the pyrolysis process are used as activators in the subsequent activation section. In the carbonization section, after the biomass raw material is carbonized, the products generated move towards the activation section, which is conducive to the movement of the activator towards the activation section and ensures the stable operation of the activation process. Since the high-temperature flue gas enters from the furnace head 10 towards the furnace tail 11, the drying section, carbonization section, and activation section can be formed in the material channel 19.

[0044] Between the gas passage 18 and the material passage 19, there is a gas passage 20 for the gas generated from the pyrolysis of biomass feedstock in the material passage 19 to enter the gas passage 18. The gas passage 20 is located in the carbonization section of the material passage 19. The pore size of the gas passage 20 is smaller than the particle size of the generated activated carbon. The gas passage 20 mainly supplies the biomass gas generated at high temperature in the material passage 19 to enter the gas passage 18. The pressure of the biomass gas generated in the material passage 19 is greater than the gas pressure in the gas passage 18, that is, there is a pressure tendency to generate gas flow from the material passage 19 to the gas passage 18, thereby reducing the possibility of backflow of gas from the gas passage 18 to the material passage 19.

[0045] A gas combustion system is provided on one side of the furnace head 10, which feeds high-temperature flue gas into the flue gas passage 17, and a gas collection system is connected to the gas passage 18. The high-temperature flue gas generated by the gas combustion system enters the flue gas passage 17 and then undergoes heat transfer in the carbonization and activation furnace 12, raising the temperature inside the carbonization and activation furnace 12. The gas in the gas combustion system can come from the gas generated inside the carbonization and activation furnace 12, which is then burned in the gas combustion system. The resulting high-temperature flue gas re-enters the flue gas passage 17, achieving a cycle. The gas collection system collects a portion of the gas discharged from the gas passage 18. Thus, this invention enables the production of activated carbon at the unloading device and allows the gas to flow freely at the discharge end of the gas passage 18, thereby achieving the co-production of biomass gas and activated carbon.

[0046] The carbonization activation furnace 12 includes an outer furnace body 21 and an inner furnace body 22 arranged coaxially with the outer furnace body 21. The outer furnace body 21 is rotatably disposed outside the inner furnace body 22, and a material channel 19 is formed between the inner peripheral wall of the outer furnace body 21 and the outer peripheral wall of the inner furnace body 22. The two ends of the inner furnace body 22 are fixedly disposed between the furnace tail 11 and the furnace head 10, and the two ends of the outer furnace body 21 are rotatably disposed between the furnace tail 11 and the furnace head 10. A flue gas channel 17 and a gas combustion channel 18 are formed in the inner furnace body 22. When the outer furnace body 21 rotates, the biomass raw materials in the material channel 19 can be flipped and moved from the tail 11 towards the head 10 through the inclined arrangement of the entire carbonization and activation furnace 12. The tail 11, the head 10 and the outer peripheral wall of the outer furnace body 21 are connected by rotary seals 23 to ensure sealing performance. A gear ring 24 is fixedly installed on the outer periphery of the outer furnace body 21. The gear ring 24 is driven by an external motor drive mechanism to rotate the carbonization and activation furnace 12. The entire carbonization and activation furnace 12 is supported by a rotary bearing to ensure the stability of the rotation of the carbonization and activation furnace 12. It can be designed using the corresponding rotary bearing and drive structure of a rotary kiln.

[0047] The flue gas passage 17 has a circular cross-section, while the gas passage 18 and material passage 19 have annular cross-sections. The centerlines of the flue gas passage 17, the gas passage 18, and the material passage 19 are collinear with the rotation axis of the carbonization and activation furnace 12. This collinear design ensures the uniformity of the spaces formed by the gas passage 18, the material passage 19, and the flue gas passage 17, resulting in more uniform heat transfer of the high-temperature flue gas in the flue gas passage 17 within the carbonization and activation furnace 12.

[0048] The gas combustion system includes a low-NOx burner 25, an oxygen-enriching fan 26, a gas tank 27, and a configuration box 28. One end of the configuration box 28 has an assembly port for the combustion end of the low-NOx burner 25 to extend into the configuration box 28, and the other end has a flue gas outlet 29. A meandering buffer channel 31 is formed between the assembly port and the flue gas outlet 29 by refractory brick baffles 30 arranged at intervals. The gas tank 27 is connected to the gas inlet of the low-NOx burner 25, and gas is supplied to the low-NOx burner 25 through the gas tank 27. A first pipe 32 is connected to the flue gas outlet of the configuration box 28, and a flue gas vent pipe is connected to the first pipe 32. The first pipe 32 is connected to the inlet of the oxygen-enriching fan 26, and the outlet of the oxygen-enriching fan 26 is connected to the air inlet of the low-NOx burner 25. An air volume control valve 33 is installed on the first pipe 32. Through the buffer channel 31 composed of multiple refractory brick baffles 30, the high-temperature flue gas generated by the low-NOx burner 25 can enter the flue gas channel 17 at a stable speed, while also reducing the high-temperature damage to the carbonization activation furnace 12 caused by direct emissions into the flue gas channel 17. A portion of the high-temperature flue gas can be introduced into the oxygen-enriching fan 26 through the first pipe 32 to increase the air distribution temperature entering the low-NOx burner 25, reduce heat loss at the combustion end of the low-NOx burner 25, and adjust the incoming hot air volume as needed through the airflow control valve 33. The combustion end of the low-NOx burner 25 has annularly arranged air distribution holes to distribute the air supplied by the oxygen-enriching fan 26, i.e., the air enters the combustion end of the low-NOx burner 25 in an annular pattern.

[0049] The gas collection system includes a gas pipeline 34, a cooling system 35, and a gas holder 36. The gas pipeline 34 is connected to the gas passage 18, which is connected to a second pipeline 37 and a third pipeline 38. The cooling system 35 is located between the second pipeline 37 and the gas holder 36, and the third pipeline 38 is connected to the gas inlet of the low-NOx burner 25. That is, the biomass gas discharged from the gas passage 18 is cooled by the cooling system 35 after passing through the second pipeline 37, and then enters the gas holder 36 for storage. Alternatively, it can enter the low-NOx burner 25 through the third pipeline 38 for combustion, providing gas for the low-NOx burner 25 and reducing the amount of gas used in the gas tank 27.

[0050] The cooling system 35 includes a water-sealed cooling tank 39, multiple water jackets 40, a cooling tower 41, and a circulating water pump 42. The secondary sides of the multiple water jackets 40 are connected in series, and a second pipe 37 is connected in series with the secondary side of the water jackets 40. The lower end of each water jacket 40 has a liquid discharge end that communicates with the secondary side and is below the liquid level in the water-sealed cooling tank 39. The circulating water pump 42, the cooling tower 41, and the primary side of the multiple water jackets 40 are connected in series. During operation, the circulating water pump 42 pumps cooling water through the primary side of the water jackets 40 for cooling. The biomass gas discharged from the second pipe 37 is cooled after passing through the secondary side of the water jackets 40. The trace amounts of tar and wood vinegar contained therein are discharged from the liquid discharge end and remain in the water-sealed cooling tank 39. The resulting low-temperature biomass gas is sent to the gas holder 36 for storage. The water jackets 40 can be implemented using commonly used non-contact heat exchangers.

[0051] In some embodiments, the inner furnace body 22 includes an inner layer body 43 with a through interior and an outer layer body 44 with a through interior. One end of the inner layer body 43 and the outer layer body 44 is fixedly disposed in the furnace head 10, and the other end of the inner layer body 43 and the outer layer body 44 is fixedly disposed in the furnace tail 11. A flue gas passage 17 is formed in the inner layer body 43 and arranged along the axial direction of the inner layer body 43. A gas combustion passage 18 is formed between the outer peripheral wall of the inner layer body 43 and the inner peripheral wall of the outer layer body 44. The inner layer body 43 and the outer layer body 44 can be fixed to the inner wall of the furnace head 10 by welding or other fixing methods, while the outer layer body 44 and the furnace tail 11 can be fixedly connected by interference fit or other fixing methods.

[0052] A ring-shaped distribution ring 45 is fixedly installed between the outer periphery of the inner body 43 and the inner periphery of the outer body 44 near the tail of the furnace 11. The outer periphery of the distribution ring 45 is fixedly connected to the inner periphery of the outer body 44 to form a seal, and the inner periphery of the distribution ring 45 is fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the inner body 43 to form a seal. The distribution ring 45 has several through holes 46 evenly distributed at intervals, and the gas passage 18 and the flue gas passage 17 are connected through the several through holes 46. The distribution ring 45 can enhance the support stability between the inner body 43 and the outer body 44, and the several through holes 46 arranged on the distribution ring 45 can make the high-temperature flue gas in the flue gas passage 17 enter the gas passage 18 evenly.

[0053] In some embodiments, the furnace tail 11 includes a furnace tail outer shell 47 and a furnace tail inner shell 48. The side of the furnace tail outer shell 47 and the furnace tail inner shell 48 facing the furnace head 10 is an open side, which is arranged in the direction of the furnace head 10. The furnace tail inner shell 48 is fixedly disposed at the center of the inner cross-section of the furnace tail outer shell 47, that is, the outer periphery of the furnace tail inner shell 48 and the inner periphery of the furnace tail outer shell 47 are fixed together by a fixing support 49. A feeding cavity is formed between the peripheral walls. The feeding cavity includes a main cavity 50 and a secondary cavity 51 that communicates with the main cavity. The main cavity 50 is formed between the outer bottom wall of the inner shell 48 of the furnace tail and the inner bottom wall of the outer shell 47 of the furnace tail. The secondary cavity 51 is formed in a ring shape between the outer side wall of the inner shell 48 of the furnace tail and the inner side wall of the outer shell 47 of the furnace tail. The secondary cavity 51 communicates with the feed end of the material channel 19. The main cavity 50 receives biomass raw materials, and the secondary cavity 51 conveys the biomass raw materials toward the material channel 19.

[0054] The inner furnace body 22 is fixedly installed in the inner shell 48 of the furnace tail. A refractory end 52 is fixedly installed on the bottom wall of the inner shell 48 of the furnace tail. The refractory end 52 is at least directly opposite to the flue gas passage 17 and is larger than the cross-section of the flue gas passage 17, so as to reduce the heat transfer of high temperature flue gas to the furnace tail and the damage caused by high temperature.

[0055] In some embodiments, the outer furnace body 21 is composed of an inner refractory layer 53 and an outer insulation layer 54, which gives the entire carbonization activation furnace 12 better insulation and temperature resistance. The inner body 43 can be made of high-temperature resistant material to enhance its high-temperature resistance and ensure the stability of the flue gas channel 17.

[0056] The working principle of this invention is as follows: The biomass raw material is moved into the tail of the carbonization and activation furnace 12 under the control of the electric slide valve 14. Since the carbonization and activation furnace 12 is inclined downward at a 5-degree angle from the tail to the head 10, and the furnace body rotates slowly under the rotation of the gear ring, the biomass raw material in the material channel 19 moves slowly towards the head 10. When it reaches the unloading hopper 15, it is discharged under the control of the airlock.

[0057] When the system starts up, the gas output from the natural gas tank 27 enters the low-NOx dual-purpose burner and burns to produce high-temperature flue gas. The high-temperature flue gas enters the furnace body through the flue gas passage 17 and radiates heat outward. At the end of the passage, the flue gas seeps out through several through holes and enters the gas passage 18. The gas produced during the carbonization of biomass raw materials enters the gas passage 18 through the gas passage 20. After the biomass gas and flue gas are mixed, part of it enters the low-NOx burner 25. There is a gas regulating valve 55 in front of the burner to control the flow of gas. Part of the gas passes through the cooling system 35 to remove tar, wood vinegar, etc. and then enters the gas holder 36 for storage.

[0058] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit them, much less limit the patent scope of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. In addition, the direct or indirect application of the technical solutions of the present invention to other related technical fields is similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A biomass gas and activated carbon cogeneration device, comprising a furnace head, a furnace tail, and a carbonization and activation furnace disposed between the furnace head and the furnace tail, wherein the carbonization and activation furnace is arranged at a downward inclination from the furnace tail to the furnace head, the furnace tail is provided with a feeding device for biomass raw materials to enter, and the furnace head is provided with a unloading device, characterized in that, The carbonization and activation furnace is equipped with a flue gas passage, a gas combustion passage, and a material passage; The flue gas passage is formed at the center of the cross-section of the carbonization and activation furnace, extending from one end of the furnace toward the other. The gas passage is arranged around the flue gas passage, surrounding it. The material channel is arranged around the gas channel, surrounding it. One end of the material channel is the feed end, which is connected to the feeding device, and the other end is the discharge end, which is connected to the discharge device. The material channel consists of a drying section, a carbonization section, and an activation section in sequence from the feed end to the discharge end. A gas combustion system that feeds high-temperature flue gas into the flue gas passage is installed on one side of the burner head, as well as a gas collection system that is connected to the gas passage; Between the gas passage and the material passage, there is a gas passage for the gas generated by the pyrolysis of biomass raw materials in the material passage to enter the gas passage. The gas passage is distributed in the carbonization section of the material passage. The carbonization activation furnace includes an outer furnace body and an inner furnace body arranged coaxially with the outer furnace body; The outer furnace body is rotatably mounted outside the inner furnace body, and the material channel is formed between the inner peripheral wall of the outer furnace body and the outer peripheral wall of the inner furnace body. The two ends of the inner furnace body are fixedly set between the furnace tail and the furnace head, and the two ends of the outer furnace body are rotatably set between the furnace tail and the furnace head; the furnace tail, the furnace head and the outer furnace body are connected by rotary seals, and a gear ring is fixedly set on the outer circumference of the outer furnace body; The flue gas passage and the gas combustion passage are formed in the inner furnace body; The gas combustion system includes a low-NOx burner, an oxygen-enriching fan, a gas tank, and a configuration box. One end of the configuration box has an assembly port for the combustion end of the low-NOx burner to extend into the configuration box, and the other end has a flue gas outlet. A meandering buffer channel is formed between the assembly port and the flue gas outlet of the configuration box by refractory brick baffles arranged at intervals. The gas cylinder is connected to the gas inlet of the low-NOx burner; A first pipe is connected to the flue gas outlet of the configuration box. The first pipe is connected to the inlet of the oxygen-enriching fan. The outlet of the oxygen-enriching fan is connected to the air inlet of the low-NOx burner. An air volume control valve is installed on the first pipe. The inner furnace body includes an inner main body that is through the interior and an outer main body that is through the interior. One end of the inner main body and the outer main body is fixedly installed in the furnace head, and the other end of the inner main body and the outer main body is fixedly installed in the furnace tail. The flue gas passage is formed in the inner main body and is arranged along the axial direction of the inner main body; The gas passage is formed between the outer peripheral wall of the inner main body and the inner peripheral wall of the outer main body; An annular distribution ring is fixedly installed between the outer periphery of the inner main body and the inner periphery of the outer main body near the tail of the furnace. The outer periphery of the distribution ring is fixedly connected to the inner periphery of the outer main body to form a seal, and the inner periphery of the distribution ring is fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the inner main body to form a seal. The distribution ring has several through holes that are evenly distributed at intervals, and the gas passage and the flue gas passage are connected through the several through holes.

2. The biomass gas and activated carbon cogeneration device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The flue gas passage has a circular cross-section, while the gas and material passages have annular cross-sections. The centerlines of the flue gas passage, gas passage, and material passage are collinear with the rotation axis of the carbonization and activation furnace.

3. The biomass gas and activated carbon cogeneration device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The gas collection system includes a gas pipeline, a cooling system, and a gas holder. The gas pipeline is connected to a gas passage, which is connected to a second pipeline and a third pipeline. The cooling system is located between the second pipeline and the gas holder, and the third pipeline is connected to the gas inlet of the low-NOx burner.

4. The biomass gas and activated carbon cogeneration device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The furnace tail includes an outer furnace tail shell and an inner furnace tail shell. The side of the outer furnace tail shell and the inner furnace tail shell facing the furnace head is the open side. The inner furnace tail shell is fixedly installed at the center of the inner cross-section of the outer furnace tail shell. A material distribution cavity is formed between the inner peripheral wall of the furnace tail shell and the outer peripheral wall of the furnace tail shell. The material distribution cavity includes a main cavity and a secondary cavity that communicates with the main cavity. The main cavity is formed between the outer bottom wall of the furnace tail shell and the inner bottom wall of the furnace tail shell. The secondary cavity is formed in a ring shape between the outer side wall of the furnace tail shell and the inner side wall of the furnace tail shell. The secondary cavity communicates with the feed end of the material channel. The inner furnace body is fixedly installed in the inner shell of the furnace tail. A refractory end is fixedly installed on the bottom wall of the inner shell of the furnace tail. The refractory end is at least directly opposite the flue gas passage and the cross-section of the refractory end is larger than the cross-section of the flue gas passage.

5. The biomass gas and activated carbon cogeneration device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The outer furnace body consists of an inner refractory layer and an outer insulation layer.

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