Corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy

Abstract

The invention discloses an anti-corrosion aluminum alloy and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy machining, and the anti-corrosion aluminum alloy comprises the following components by weight percent: 0-13% of silicon, 0-13% of aluminum, 0-13% of aluminum, 0-13% of aluminum, 0-13% of aluminum and the balance of Copper: 4% to 6.8%; 0.5% to 2% of nickel; the sum of the weight percentages of all the components is 100%, and the balance is aluminum. According to the corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy provided by the invention, by optimizing alloy components and adding a proper amount of elements such as silicon, copper and nickel, the corrosion resistance of the material is improved; meanwhile, by strictly controlling the temperature, the stirring mode and the casting condition, it is ensured that alloy components are evenly distributed, casting defects are reduced, the problem that in the prior art, the corrosion resistance of an aluminum alloy plate is poor is solved, and the corrosion resistance of the aluminum alloy can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy processing, in particular to corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy. Background Art

[0002] In the field of aluminum alloy materials, aluminum alloy plate ingots, as important basic materials, are widely used in a variety of industries such as aerospace, automobile manufacturing, construction, and machinery manufacturing. However, there are still some problems in the practical application of aluminum alloy plate ingots in the prior art, which limit their application scope and performance in certain specific fields.

[0003] In some scenarios, aluminum alloys are exposed to harsh environments (corrosive environments such as high humidity and high salt) for a long time, which causes corrosion on the surface of the aluminum alloy, resulting in a decrease in material performance and even safety accidents. Insufficient corrosion resistance has become a key factor restricting the application of aluminum alloy ingots in China.

[0004] The lack of corrosion resistance is mainly reflected in the composition content and preparation process of the aluminum alloy plate ingot. For example, if the iron content of the aluminum alloy plate ingot is high, the corrosion resistance is poor. During the preparation process of the aluminum alloy plate, if the composition of the aluminum alloy plate ingot is unevenly distributed, or pores and cracks appear on the aluminum alloy plate ingot, it will also affect the corrosion resistance of the aluminum alloy plate ingot. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above technical problems, the corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy provided by the present invention can improve the corrosion resistance of the aluminum alloy.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] The corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy provided by the present invention comprises the following components and the weight percentage of each component is: silicon: 0% to 13%; copper: 4% to 6.8%; nickel: 0.5% to 2%; the sum of the weight percentages of each component is 100%, and the remainder is aluminum.

[0008] The method for preparing the corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy provided by the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0009] S101: preparing aluminum ingots, silicon powder, copper blocks and nickel blocks in weight percentages of the components according to claim 1;

[0010] S102: putting the aluminum ingot into a smelting furnace and heating it to a molten state;

[0011] S103: According to the required silicon content, gradually add silicon powder to the molten aluminum formed in S102, and stir it thoroughly at 750℃±10℃ to ensure that the silicon is completely dissolved;

[0012] S104: adding a copper block to the product of S103, and stirring the copper block until it is uniform after it is melted;

[0013] S105: adding a nickel block to the product of S104, and stirring the nickel block until it is uniform after it is melted to obtain an aluminum alloy mixed solution;

[0014] S106: degassing and deslagging the aluminum alloy mixed solution;

[0015] S107: controlling the temperature of the aluminum alloy mixed solution obtained in S106 to 680° C.±50° C. and placing the mixed solution in a casting mold for a casting process to obtain a semi-finished aluminum alloy plate ingot;

[0016] S108: placing the aluminum alloy plate ingot semi-finished product of S107 into a homogenizing annealing furnace for annealing, the annealing temperature is controlled at 300° C.±10° C., the annealing time is 12 hours, and an aluminum alloy plate ingot is obtained.

[0017] The method for preparing the corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy provided by the present invention preferably requires, before step S101, quality inspection of the aluminum ingots, silicon powder, copper blocks and nickel blocks to ensure that the aluminum ingots, silicon powder, copper blocks and nickel blocks meet the specified composition and weight percentage requirements, and to check whether there are impurities or contamination; and pre-treatment of the silicon powder, copper blocks and nickel blocks to remove surface oxides and oil stains.

[0018] In the method for preparing the corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy provided by the present invention, preferably, when executing step S102, the smelting furnace needs to be preheated.

[0019] In the method for preparing the corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy provided by the present invention, preferably, when executing step S103, silicon powder should be gradually added to the molten aluminum while being stirred.

[0020] In the method for preparing the corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy provided by the present invention, preferably, when executing step S104, the copper block should be preheated before being added to reduce the temperature difference between the copper block and the aluminum liquid.

[0021] In the method for preparing the corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy provided by the present invention, preferably, when executing step S107, the casting mold needs to be preheated before casting, and the temperature of the preheated casting mold is controlled at 350℃±50℃; ensuring that the temperature of the casting mold is maintained at 240℃±40℃ during casting.

[0022] In the method for preparing the corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy provided by the present invention, preferably, after executing step S108, a corrosion resistance test is performed on the aluminum alloy plate ingot.

[0023] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects:

[0024] The present invention discloses a corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy processing. The corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy includes components and the weight percentage of each component is: silicon: 0% to 13%; copper: 4% to 6.8%; nickel: 0.5% to 2%; the sum of the weight percentages of each component is 100%, and the remainder is aluminum. The corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy provided by the present invention improves the corrosion resistance of the material by optimizing the alloy composition and adding appropriate amounts of elements such as silicon, copper and nickel; at the same time, by strictly controlling the temperature, stirring method and casting conditions, the uniform distribution of the alloy components is ensured, the generation of casting defects is reduced, and the problem of poor corrosion resistance of aluminum alloy plates in the prior art is solved, and the corrosion resistance of the aluminum alloy can be improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] The present invention and its features, configurations and advantages will become more apparent by reading the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings. The same reference numerals indicate the same parts throughout the drawings. The drawings are not drawn to scale, but rather to illustrate the subject matter of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 1 It is a wireframe schematic diagram of the steps of the method for preparing corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy provided in Example 1 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other. It should be noted that the terms used in the present invention are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application.

[0028] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is obvious that the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents the selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0029] Embodiment 1:

[0030] The corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy provided in Example 1 of the present invention includes the following components and the weight percentage of each component is: silicon: 12.5%; copper: 6.8%; nickel: 0.5%; the sum of the weight percentages of each component is 100%, and the remainder is aluminum.

[0031] The method for preparing the corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy provided in Example 1 of the present invention is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0032] S101: Prepare aluminum ingots, silicon powder, copper blocks and nickel blocks that meet the requirements of silicon: 12.5%; copper: 6.8%; nickel: 0.5%; the sum of the weight percentages of each component is 100%, and the remainder is the component percentage of aluminum; conduct quality inspection on the aluminum ingots, silicon powder, copper blocks and nickel blocks to ensure that the aluminum ingots, silicon powder, copper blocks and nickel blocks meet the specified composition and weight percentage requirements, and check whether there are impurities or contamination; and pre-treat the silicon powder, copper blocks and nickel blocks to remove surface oxides and oil stains.

[0033] S102: putting the aluminum ingot into a melting furnace (the melting furnace is preheated to remove moisture and oxygen in the furnace and improve melting efficiency) and heating it to a molten state;

[0034] S103: According to the required silicon content, gradually add silicon powder to the molten aluminum formed in S102, and fully stir it at 750℃±10℃ to ensure that the silicon is completely dissolved; wherein, silicon powder should be gradually added to the molten aluminum and stirred while adding, in order to prevent silicon powder from agglomerating, causing uneven distribution of materials and forming local overheating, which will affect the processing progress.

[0035] S104: Add copper blocks to the product of S103. After the copper blocks are melted, stir them until they are uniform. The copper blocks should be preheated before adding them to reduce the temperature difference between them and the aluminum liquid, which can avoid cracks or slag inclusions.

[0036] S105: adding a nickel block to the product of S104, and stirring the nickel block until it is uniform after it is melted to obtain an aluminum alloy mixed solution;

[0037] S106: degassing and deslagging the aluminum alloy mixed solution;

[0038] S107: The temperature of the aluminum alloy mixed solution obtained in S106 is controlled at 680℃±10℃ and placed in a casting mold for a casting process to obtain a semi-finished aluminum alloy plate ingot; the casting mold needs to be preheated before casting, and the preheating casting mold temperature is controlled at 350℃±50℃; ensure that the casting mold temperature is maintained at 240℃±40℃ during casting; this can reduce the temperature difference between the aluminum liquid and the mold to avoid cracks or deformation.

[0039] S108: The semi-finished aluminum alloy plate ingot of S107 is placed in a homogenizing annealing furnace for annealing, the annealing temperature is controlled at 300°C ± 10°C, the annealing time is 12 hours, and the aluminum alloy plate ingot is obtained. During this period, attention should be paid to the atmosphere and cooling rate during the annealing process to avoid oxidation or quenching strengthening.

[0040] After annealing, the aluminum alloy plate ingot needs to be tested for corrosion resistance. According to the neutral salt spray test (NSS) of GB / T 10125 "Artificial atmosphere corrosion test salt spray test": use 5% sodium chloride solution with a pH value between 6.5 and 7.2. The test temperature is (35±2)℃. Using the same size of conventional 4000 series aluminum alloy for comparison, the conventional 4000 series aluminum alloy showed moderate corrosion after 240 hours of neutral salt spray test, with a corrosion area accounting for 8% (corrosion area accounting for 5% to 20% is moderate corrosion); while the corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy surface of the application document is slightly corroded, with a corrosion yield ratio of 2%.

[0041] In summary, the present invention discloses a corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy and a preparation method thereof, which relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy processing. The corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy includes components and the weight percentage of each component is: silicon: 0% to 13%; copper: 4% to 6.8%; nickel: 0.5% to 2%; the sum of the weight percentages of each component is 100%, and the remainder is aluminum. The corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy provided by the present invention improves the corrosion resistance of the material by optimizing the alloy composition and adding appropriate amounts of elements such as silicon, copper and nickel; at the same time, by strictly controlling the temperature, stirring method and casting conditions, the uniform distribution of the alloy components is ensured, the generation of casting defects is reduced, and the problem of poor corrosion resistance of aluminum alloy plates in the prior art is solved, and the corrosion resistance of the aluminum alloy can be improved.

[0042] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformation made by using the contents of the present invention description and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy, characterized in that: The components included and the weight percentage of each component are: Silicon: 0% to 13%; Copper: 4% to 6.8%; Nickel: 0.5% to 2%; The sum of the weight percentages of the various components is 100%, and the remainder is aluminum.

2. The method for preparing the corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S101: preparing aluminum ingots, silicon powder, copper blocks and nickel blocks in weight percentages of the components according to claim 1; S102: putting the aluminum ingot into a smelting furnace and heating it to a molten state; S103: According to the required silicon content, gradually add silicon powder to the molten aluminum formed in S102, and stir it thoroughly at 750℃±10℃ to ensure that the silicon is completely dissolved; S104: adding a copper block to the product of S103, and stirring until the copper block is melted and uniform; S105: adding a nickel block to the product of S104, and stirring the nickel block until it is uniform after it is melted to obtain an aluminum alloy mixed solution; S106: degassing and deslagging the aluminum alloy mixed solution; S107: controlling the temperature of the aluminum alloy mixed solution obtained in S106 to 680° C.±50° C. and placing the mixed solution in a casting mold for a casting process to obtain a semi-finished aluminum alloy plate ingot; S108: placing the aluminum alloy plate ingot semi-finished product of S107 into a homogenizing annealing furnace for annealing, the annealing temperature is controlled at 300° C.±10° C., the annealing time is 12 hours, and an aluminum alloy plate ingot is obtained.

3. The method for preparing the corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy according to claim 2, characterized in that: Before step S101, the aluminum ingot, silicon powder, copper block and nickel block need to be quality inspected to ensure that the aluminum ingot, silicon powder, copper block and nickel block meet the specified composition and weight percentage requirements, and check whether there are impurities or contamination; The silicon powder, copper block and nickel block are pre-treated to remove oxides and oil stains on the surface.

4. The method for preparing the corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy according to claim 2, characterized in that: When executing step S102, the smelting furnace needs to be preheated.

5. The method for preparing the corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy according to claim 2, characterized in that: When executing step S103, silicon powder should be gradually added to the molten aluminum while being stirred.

6. The method for preparing the corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy according to claim 2, characterized in that: When executing step S104, the copper block should be preheated before being added to reduce the temperature difference between the copper block and the aluminum liquid.

7. The method for preparing the corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy according to claim 2, characterized in that: When executing step S107, the casting mold needs to be preheated before casting, and the temperature of the preheated casting mold is controlled at 350°C±50°C; ensure that the temperature of the casting mold is maintained at 240°C±40°C during casting.

8. The method for preparing the corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy according to claim 2, characterized in that: After executing step S108, the aluminum alloy plate ingot is subjected to a corrosion resistance test.

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