Wear-resistant cutter coating

Abstract

The invention discloses a wear-resistant cutter coating, and relates to the technical field of surface coatings. The wear-resistant cutter coating is an organic whole composed of an AlCrBN sub-layer connected with a cutter substrate, a sub-layer of a TiAlN / AlCrBN nano-multilayer structure in the middle and a sub-layer of a TiAlSiN / AlCrBN nano-multilayer structure on the outermost layer, and the AlCrBN sub-layer, the sub-layer, the sub-layer and the sub-layer are sequentially prepared through an arc ion plating method. And the coating is firmly combined with the TiCN-based metal ceramic and hard alloy material tool substrate. The wear-resistant cutter coating is high in hardness, good in toughness and excellent in wear resistance, and can be used for cutting machining of high-strength alloy steel, high-temperature alloy and other difficult-to-machine materials.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of surface coatings, and in particular relates to a wear-resistant tool coating. Background Art

[0002] At present, most metal cutting tools are coated on the surface, and the wear resistance of the coating is directly related to the service life and processing efficiency of the coated tool. Therefore, surface wear resistance is one of the important indicators of the surface coating of the cutting tool. The wear resistance of the coating is related to the hardness and toughness of the coating. Coatings with high hardness and high toughness often have good wear resistance. Therefore, continuously improving the hardness and toughness of the coating is the eternal goal pursued by research in the field of coatings. At present, the more typical wear-resistant tool coating in practical applications is TiAlSiN coating, which has high hardness, low toughness and high brittleness, and is prone to early failure of the coating during cutting. To improve the toughness of the coating, one of the common methods is to further dope alloy elements (such as Cr, Y, etc.) into the coating, but this method causes a significant decrease in the hardness of the coating, which is not conducive to wear resistance. Another way is to improve the toughness of the coating by constructing a nano multilayer coating (such as TiAlSiN / AlCrN, TiAlSiN / TiAlN, etc.), but this method has limited effect on improving the toughness of the coating. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a wear-resistant tool coating in view of the problems existing in the prior art.

[0004] To achieve this object, the technical solution provided by the present invention is: to provide a wear-resistant tool coating, which is composed of three sublayers with different compositions and structures, the sublayer closely connected to the substrate is an AlCrBN layer, the sublayer closely connected to the AlCrBN sublayer is a TiAlN / AlCrBN nano-multilayer coating, the sublayer closely connected to the TiAlN / AlCrBN nano-multilayer coating is a TiAlSiN / AlCrBN nano-multilayer coating, the thickness of the three sublayers from bottom to top are 0.4~0.8μm, 0.6~1.2μm and 0.5~2μm respectively, and the thickness of the wear-resistant tool coating is 1.5~4μm.

[0005] The AlCrBN sublayer is made of two AlCrB targets by arc ion plating deposition method in a nitrogen reaction atmosphere. The atomic percentage of B element in the AlCrBN sublayer is 1.5%~5%, the atomic percentage of Al element is 20%~35%, the atomic percentage of Cr element is 10%~15%, and the atomic percentage of N element is 45%~55%.

[0006] The TiAlN / AlCrBN nano-multilayer sublayer is made of two TiAl targets and two AlCrB targets in a nitrogen reaction atmosphere by arc ion plating deposition method. The TiAlN / AlCrBN nano-multilayer sublayer is composed of dozens to hundreds of TiAlN modulation layers and AlCrBN modulation layers stacked alternately, and the thickness of each TiAlN modulation layer and AlCrBN modulation layer is 5-15nm. The atomic percentage of Ti element in each TiAlN modulation layer is 20%-30%, the atomic percentage of Al element is 20%-30%, and the atomic percentage of N element is 45%-55%. The atomic percentage of B element in each AlCrBN modulation layer is 3%-8%, the atomic percentage of Al element is 22%-35%, the atomic percentage of Cr element is 10%-15%, and the atomic percentage of N element is 45%-55%.

[0007] The TiAlSiN / AlCrBN nano-multilayer sublayer is made of two TiAlSi targets and two AlCrB targets in a nitrogen reaction atmosphere by arc ion plating deposition method. The TiAlSiN / AlCrBN nano-multilayer sublayer is composed of dozens to hundreds of TiAlSiN modulation layers and AlCrBN modulation layers stacked alternately, and the thickness of each TiAlSiN modulation layer and AlCrBN modulation layer is 5-15nm. The atomic percentage of Si element in each TiAlSiN modulation layer is 5%-15%, the atomic percentage of Ti element is 15%-20%, the atomic percentage of Al element is 10%-20%, and the atomic percentage of N element is 45%-55%. The atomic percentage of B element in each AlCrBN modulation layer is 3%-8%, the atomic percentage of Al element is 20%-35%, the atomic percentage of Cr element is 10%-15%, and the atomic percentage of N element is 45%-55%.

[0008] Wherein, the substrate to which the wear-resistant tool coating is attached is one of TiCN-based metal ceramics and cemented carbide.

[0009] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the wear-resistant tool coating provided by the present invention is composed of three sublayers with different components and structures. The combined effect of the sublayers makes the coating have good toughness while greatly improving the hardness, thereby obtaining very excellent wear resistance. On the one hand, the AlCrBN sublayer connected to the substrate softens the coating due to the formation of a small amount of amorphous by the B element in the coating, so that the coating has very excellent toughness and bonding performance, which is an important basis for the high toughness of the entire coating. On the other hand, the modulation layer TiAlSiN in the TiAlSiN / AlCrBN nano-multilayer sublayer has a large lattice difference between it and the AlCrBN modulation layer due to the introduction of Si element, which in turn causes a large lattice distortion at the interlayer interface, thereby greatly strengthening the coating. In addition, the TiAlSiN modulation layer itself has high hardness, and the "superhard effect" of the TiAlSiN / AlCrBN nano-multilayer is fully exerted, and the coating obtains ultra-high hardness characteristics; the AlCrBN modulation layer with excellent toughness enables the TiAlSiN / AlCrBN nano-multilayer sublayer to maintain good toughness. In addition, the middle TiAlN / AlCrBN nano multilayer sublayer not only provides a good connection for the upper and lower sublayers, but also plays an important supporting role for the entire coating. All three sublayers contain AlCrBN with excellent toughness, which not only maintains the stability of the coating composition, but also enables the coating to maintain very good toughness while achieving ultra-high hardness, thus giving the entire coating excellent wear resistance. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0010] The present invention is further described below by means of specific embodiments, but the protection content of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and any non-creative changes made by those skilled in the art on the basis of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0011] Example 1.

[0012] The wear-resistant tool coating is composed of three sublayers with different compositions and structures. The sublayer closely connected to the substrate is the AlCrBN layer, the sublayer closely connected to the AlCrBN sublayer is the TiAlN / AlCrBN nano-multilayer coating, and the sublayer closely connected to the TiAlN / AlCrBN nano-multilayer coating is the TiAlSiN / AlCrBN nano-multilayer coating. The thickness of the three sublayers from bottom to top is 0.5μm, 1μm and 1μm, respectively, and the thickness of the wear-resistant tool coating is 2.5μm. The AlCrBN sublayer is made by arc ion plating deposition method using two AlCrB targets in a nitrogen reaction atmosphere. The atomic percentage of B element in the AlCrBN sublayer is 3.5%, the atomic percentage of Al element is 31.6%, the atomic percentage of Cr element is 13.3%, and the atomic percentage of N element is 51.6%. The TiAlN / AlCrBN nano-multilayer sublayer is made of two TiAl targets and two AlCrB targets by arc ion plating deposition method in a nitrogen reaction atmosphere. The TiAlN / AlCrBN nano-multilayer sublayer is composed of 98 TiAlN modulation layers and AlCrBN modulation layers stacked alternately, and the thickness of each TiAlN modulation layer and AlCrBN modulation layer is 10.2nm respectively. The atomic percentage of Ti element in each TiAlN modulation layer is 21.7%, the atomic percentage of Al element is 24.6%, and the atomic percentage of N element is 53.7%. The atomic percentage of B element in each AlCrBN modulation layer is 3.6%, the atomic percentage of Al element is 28.8%, the atomic percentage of Cr element is 14.4%, and the atomic percentage of N element is 53.2%. The TiAlSiN / AlCrBN nano-multilayer sublayer is made of two TiAlSi targets and two AlCrB targets by arc ion plating deposition method in a nitrogen reaction atmosphere. The TiAlSiN / AlCrBN nano-multilayer sublayer is composed of 91 TiAlSiN modulation layers and AlCrBN modulation layers stacked alternately, and the thickness of each TiAlSiN modulation layer and AlCrBN modulation layer is 11nm. The atomic percentage of Si element in each TiAlSiN modulation layer is 8.9%, the atomic percentage of Ti element is 19.3%, the atomic percentage of Al element is 17.7%, and the atomic percentage of N element is 54.1%. The atomic percentage of B element in each AlCrBN modulation layer is 4.1%, the atomic percentage of Al element is 29.7%, the atomic percentage of Cr element is 13.5%, and the atomic percentage of N element is 52.7%. The substrate to which the wear-resistant tool coating is attached is a TiCN-based metal ceramic. The obtained wear-resistant tool coating has a dense structure and is well bonded to the TiCN-based metal ceramic substrate. The bonding grade of the coating measured by the indentation method is HF1. ​​The coating has high hardness and high toughness, with a hardness of 47.3 GPa and a fracture toughness of 30.7 MPa·m 1 / 2 .

[0013] Example 2

[0014] The wear-resistant tool coating is composed of three sublayers with different compositions and structures. The sublayer closely connected to the substrate is the AlCrBN layer, the sublayer closely connected to the AlCrBN sublayer is the TiAlN / AlCrBN nano-multilayer coating, and the sublayer closely connected to the TiAlN / AlCrBN nano-multilayer coating is the TiAlSiN / AlCrBN nano-multilayer coating. The thickness of the three sublayers from bottom to top is 0.5μm, 0.7μm and 1.4μm, respectively, and the thickness of the wear-resistant tool coating is 2.6μm. The AlCrBN sublayer is made by arc ion plating deposition method using two AlCrB targets in a nitrogen reaction atmosphere. The atomic percentage of B element in the AlCrBN sublayer is 3.9%, the atomic percentage of Al element is 32.3%, the atomic percentage of Cr element is 12.9%, and the atomic percentage of N element is 50.9%. The TiAlN / AlCrBN nano-multilayer sublayer is made of two TiAl targets and two AlCrB targets by arc ion plating deposition method in a nitrogen reaction atmosphere. The TiAlN / AlCrBN nano-multilayer sublayer is made of 57 TiAlN modulation layers and AlCrBN modulation layers stacked alternately, and the thickness of each TiAlN modulation layer and AlCrBN modulation layer is 12.3nm respectively. The atomic percentage of Ti element in each TiAlN modulation layer is 22.5%, the atomic percentage of Al element is 24.1%, and the atomic percentage of N element is 53.4%. The atomic percentage of B element in each AlCrBN modulation layer is 4.4%, the atomic percentage of Al element is 29.5%, the atomic percentage of Cr element is 14.7%, and the atomic percentage of N element is 51.4%. The TiAlSiN / AlCrBN nano-multilayer sublayer is made of two TiAlSi targets and two AlCrB targets in a nitrogen reaction atmosphere by arc ion plating deposition method. The TiAlSiN / AlCrBN nano-multilayer sublayer is composed of 144 TiAlSiN modulation layers and AlCrBN modulation layers stacked alternately, and the thickness of each TiAlSiN modulation layer and AlCrBN modulation layer is 9.7nm respectively. The atomic percentage of Si element in each TiAlSiN modulation layer is 9.2%, the atomic percentage of Ti element is 18.6%, the atomic percentage of Al element is 19.3%, and the atomic percentage of N element is 52.9%. The atomic percentage of B element in each AlCrBN modulation layer is 4.6%, the atomic percentage of Al element is 31.2%, the atomic percentage of Cr element is 14.1%, and the atomic percentage of N element is 50.1%. The substrate to which the wear-resistant tool coating is attached is cemented carbide. The wear-resistant tool coating obtained has a dense structure and is well bonded to the cemented carbide substrate. The bonding grade of the coating measured by the indentation method is HF1. ​​The coating has high hardness and high toughness, with a hardness of 49.1 GPa and a fracture toughness of 27.8 MPa·m 1 / 2 .

Claims

1. A wear-resistant tool coating, characterized in that: The wear-resistant tool coating is composed of three sublayers with different compositions and structures, the sublayer closely connected to the substrate is the AlCrBN layer, the sublayer closely connected above the AlCrBN sublayer is the TiAlN / AlCrBN nano-multilayer coating, the sublayer closely connected above the TiAlN / AlCrBN nano-multilayer coating is the TiAlSiN / AlCrBN nano-multilayer coating, the thickness of the three sublayers from bottom to top are 0.4-0.8 μm, 0.6-1.2 μm and 0.5-2 μm, respectively, and the thickness of the wear-resistant tool coating is 1.5-4 μm.

2. The wear-resistant tool coating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The AlCrBN sublayer is made of two AlCrB targets by arc ion plating deposition method in a nitrogen reaction atmosphere. The atomic percentage of B element in the AlCrBN sublayer is 1.5%~5%, the atomic percentage of Al element is 20%~35%, the atomic percentage of Cr element is 10%~15%, and the atomic percentage of N element is 45%~55%.

3. The wear-resistant tool coating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The TiAlN / AlCrBN nano-multilayer sublayer is made of two TiAl targets and two AlCrB targets in a nitrogen reaction atmosphere by an arc ion plating deposition method. The TiAlN / AlCrBN nano-multilayer sublayer is formed by alternating stacking of dozens to hundreds of TiAlN modulation layers and AlCrBN modulation layers. The thickness of each TiAlN modulation layer and the AlCrBN modulation layer is 5-15 nm, respectively. The atomic percentage of Ti element in each TiAlN modulation layer is 20%-30%, the atomic percentage of Al element is 20%-30%, and the atomic percentage of N element is 45%-55%. The atomic percentage of B element in each AlCrBN modulation layer is 3%-8%, the atomic percentage of Al element is 22%-35%, the atomic percentage of Cr element is 10%-15%, and the atomic percentage of N element is 45%-55%.

4. The wear-resistant tool coating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The TiAlSiN / AlCrBN nano-multilayer sublayer is made of two TiAlSi targets and two AlCrB targets in a nitrogen reaction atmosphere by an arc ion plating deposition method. The TiAlSiN / AlCrBN nano-multilayer sublayer is formed by alternating stacking of dozens to hundreds of TiAlSiN modulation layers and AlCrBN modulation layers. The thickness of each TiAlSiN modulation layer and the AlCrBN modulation layer is 5-15 nm, respectively. The atomic percentage of Si element in each TiAlSiN modulation layer is 5%-15%, the atomic percentage of Ti element is 15%-20%, the atomic percentage of Al element is 10%-20%, and the atomic percentage of N element is 45%-55%. The atomic percentage of B element in each AlCrBN modulation layer is 3%-8%, the atomic percentage of Al element is 20%-35%, the atomic percentage of Cr element is 10%-15%, and the atomic percentage of N element is 45%-55%.

5. The wear-resistant tool coating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The substrate to which the wear-resistant tool coating is attached is one of TiCN-based metal ceramics and cemented carbide.