Differential five-wing drill bit configured for mining impactor

Abstract

The invention discloses a differential five-wing drill bit configured for a mining impactor, and belongs to the technical field of mining machinery, the axial direction of the cutting end of the drill bit is hemispherical, the drill bit is composed of three long wings and two short wings which are arranged in a staggered manner at equal intervals, part of the long wings are adjacent to the short wings, and the wings are arranged at intervals through chip grooves; and each chip groove is provided with an axially through exhaust port. The curvature radiuses of the convex arc surfaces of the long wing and the short wing are equal, six main alloy teeth and two auxiliary alloy teeth are embedded on the long wing, and four main alloy teeth and two auxiliary alloy teeth are embedded on the short wing. Through staggered arrangement of the long wings and the short wings and tooth position differential arrangement, the main alloy teeth make contact with rock alternately in the drilling process, friction consumption and motion resistance are reduced, meanwhile, multi-frequency vibration is formed, and the rock drilling efficiency of the drill bit in a high-hardness rock stratum is remarkably improved. And the axial through design of the chip grooves ensures that chips are discharged quickly, blockage is avoided, and the operation stability is improved. The device is simple in structure, excellent in performance and suitable for complex geological conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to a technical improvement scheme in the field of mining machinery technology. Specifically, the present invention relates to a head raising device which is taken and placed by a dynamic impactor, in particular to a differential five-wing drill bit equipped with a mining impactor. Background Art

[0002] In mining and exploration projects, mining hammers are the most commonly used rock drilling equipment. When in use, the operator uses the hammer to generate high-frequency vibration and impact force to break the rocks on the target working surface, thereby achieving the purpose of orderly excavation and then realizing drilling operations. Engineering and technical personnel in this industry are well aware that the first component that affects the rock drilling efficiency and service life of mining hammers is the drill bit. In the market, mining hammers have a variety of brands and specifications, and are widely used in rock formations of various hardness. However, the mining hammer drill bits commonly used in the market still have some performance deficiencies, especially in high-hardness rock formations, the rock drilling efficiency and service life of the drill bit are not satisfactory.

[0003] In the prior art, CN204532080U discloses a five-blade PDC drill bit for a torsion impactor, which is intended to improve the rock drilling efficiency of the mining impactor. The cutting end of the drill bit is provided with five blades, three of which are main blades and two are auxiliary blades. A chip groove is provided between the blades, and each chip groove is equipped with a water nozzle. This drill bit optimizes the arrangement of the blades so that the impact force can be evenly distributed on each blade during the drilling process, thereby improving the service life and operating efficiency of the drill bit.

[0004] However, although the five-blade PDC drill bit has achieved certain results in improving rock drilling efficiency, it still has the following significant shortcomings, especially in the application of high-hardness rock formations: The existing five-blade PDC drill bit adopts an equally arranged alloy tooth structure, that is, the number and position of alloy teeth embedded on all blades are the same. Although this arrangement can make the impact force evenly distributed, when the drill bit enters a high-hardness rock formation, the drill bit has a large drilling area at the same time, and all alloy teeth contact the rock at the same time, resulting in a large effective area for each alloy tooth, which makes the impact force transmitted per unit area smaller. As a result, the crushing efficiency of the drill bit is limited, especially in harder rock formations, the drilling speed is slow and the rock drilling efficiency is low.

[0005] In addition, due to the equally spaced arrangement of the alloy teeth, the alloy teeth on each blade of the drill bit contact the rock synchronously when the drill bit is working, and the vibration frequency generated is relatively single. This single-frequency vibration has a poor crushing effect on hard rock and cannot effectively improve the operating efficiency of the drill bit in high-hardness rock formations.

[0006] In addition, since the alloy teeth contact the rock synchronously, during long-term use, the wear of all alloy teeth is equal, resulting in excessive wear. At the same time, the contact surface of all alloy teeth is too large, and the friction is strong, which increases the movement resistance of the drill bit. This not only accelerates the wear of the drill bit, but also increases the impact force and torque required during drilling, reducing the working efficiency of the drill bit. Summary of the invention

[0007] The present invention is mainly aimed at the problems in the prior art that the arrangement of alloy teeth and the transmission efficiency of impact force are insufficient at places with high geological hardness values, the vibration frequency is single, the crushing effect is poor, the wear and resistance are large, and the rock drilling efficiency is low. In view of the defects existing in the prior art, the present invention proposes a differential five-wing drill bit with a mining impactor configuration that has a relatively simple structure, a reasonable layout, a large impact force during drilling, and a high rock drilling efficiency. Different from the equally arranged alloy teeth in the prior art, the drill bit of the present invention adopts a differential arrangement structure, that is, the number and position of the alloy teeth of the long wing and the short wing are different, and the arrangement of each alloy tooth is staggered in the radial direction. This staggered arrangement allows the main alloy teeth of the drill bit to alternate, effectively reducing unnecessary wear and reducing movement resistance. In addition, staggered drilling can naturally increase the vibration frequency, which is beneficial to improving the rock drilling efficiency of the drill bit in high-hardness rock formations.

[0008] The invention achieves the technical objectives through the following technical solutions.

[0009] A differential five-wing drill bit equipped with a mining impactor, the drill bit comprising long wings and short wings, a chip groove is provided between each wing, and an axially through exhaust port is provided in the chip groove; the long wings and the short wings are distributed in a staggered arrangement, the curvature radius of the outer convex arc surface of the long wings and the short wings is equal, different numbers of main alloy teeth and auxiliary alloy teeth are embedded on the long wings and the short wings, and the embedding positions of the main alloy teeth are staggered along the radial direction of each wing to form a differential drilling structure; the radial outer contours of the long wings and the short wings are arc edges, and the curvature radius of the long wings and the short wings is equal to half the nominal diameter of the drill bit.

[0010] Preferably, the main alloy teeth and auxiliary alloy teeth embedded on the arc surface of the long wing are evenly distributed radially along the left and right sides, wherein the number of the main alloy teeth embedded on the left side is greater than the number of the auxiliary alloy teeth embedded on the right side.

[0011] Preferably, six main alloy teeth are embedded with equal radial distances along the left side of the long wing arc surface, and two auxiliary alloy teeth are embedded with alternating radial distances along the right side.

[0012] Preferably, the main alloy teeth and auxiliary alloy teeth embedded on the arc surface of the short wing are evenly distributed radially along the left and right sides, wherein the number of the main alloy teeth embedded on the left side is greater than the number of the auxiliary alloy teeth embedded on the right side.

[0013] Preferably, four main alloy teeth are embedded at equal intervals radially along the left side of the short wing arc surface, and two auxiliary alloy teeth are embedded at alternate radial intervals on the right side.

[0014] Preferably, the embedding position of the main alloy tooth on the innermost side of the short wing is flush with the embedding position of the third main alloy tooth arranged from the inside to the outside of the long wing.

[0015] Preferably, the chip removal groove is arranged along the axial direction of the drill bit, and the exhaust port thereof runs through the entire axial direction of the drill bit.

[0016] Preferably, the long wings and the short wings are equally divided and staggered to form three long wings and two short wings.

[0017] Preferably, the cutting end of the drill bit is in a hemispherical shape, and the long wings and the short wings form a skeleton structure of the drill bit.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects: The present invention adopts a differential arrangement structure, through the alternating arrangement of long wings and short wings and the radial staggered arrangement of main alloy teeth, so that the main alloy teeth of the drill bit contact the rock alternately during drilling. Compared with the traditional equally arranged structure, the structure of the device significantly reduces the force dispersion phenomenon per unit area of ​​contact, thereby improving the transmission efficiency of the impact force, especially showing excellent rock drilling efficiency in high-hardness rock formations.

[0019] The invention avoids the phenomenon that all alloy teeth synchronously contact the rock due to the alternating action of the main alloy teeth of the long wing and the short wing, and effectively reduces the wear burden of each alloy tooth. At the same time, by optimizing and improving the differential arrangement of the teeth, the possibility of excessive wear is greatly reduced, unnecessary wear is reduced, and the service life of the drill bit is extended.

[0020] The differential arrangement structure of the present invention can significantly reduce the friction area when the alloy teeth synchronously contact the rock, reduce the movement resistance of the drill bit during drilling, thereby optimizing the energy utilization efficiency of the drill bit, reducing the impact force and torque required for drilling, and thus improving the overall operating efficiency of the equipment.

[0021] The offset drilling structure of the present invention enables the drill bit to generate multi-frequency vibration during operation, and this vibration characteristic is more suitable for crushing high-hardness rocks. Compared with the traditional drill bit with a single vibration frequency, the multi-frequency vibration of the present invention can effectively improve the crushing effect, thereby further improving the operating efficiency.

[0022] The cutting end of the drill bit of the present invention adopts long wings and short wings arranged alternately, so that the structure is more concise and the production process is simpler. At the same time, the reasonable layout design reduces the manufacturing cost and improves the economic efficiency of the product.

[0023] The axial through-type chip removal groove of the drill bit of the present invention, combined with the staggered arrangement of the wings, ensures the rapid discharge of debris during the rock drilling process, improves the chip removal efficiency, and avoids the problem of interruption of operation caused by chip accumulation and blockage. Fewer chip removal obstacles can further ensure the stability and efficiency of the drill bit in complex operating environments.

[0024] The invention performs particularly well in high-hardness rock formations. Its differential alloy tooth layout optimizes the impact force distribution and drilling performance, making it suitable for a variety of complex geological conditions and significantly expanding its application range. The overall hemispherical structure of the drill bit cutting end further improves the contact efficiency between the drill bit and the rock formation, making it more adaptable, especially in high-hardness rock formation operations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structural plane of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic side view cross section.

[0027] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Stereoscopic diagram.

[0028] In the figure: 1-long wing, 2-short wing, 3-exhaust port, 4-main alloy tooth, 5-auxiliary alloy tooth, 6-chip groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present invention will be further explained below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, the differential five-wing drill bit equipped with the mining impactor of the present invention has a cutting end provided with a long wing 1, a short wing 2, an exhaust port 3, a main alloy tooth 4, an auxiliary alloy tooth 5 and a chip groove 6. The cutting end of the differential five-wing drill bit is axially hemispherical, and the long wings 1 and the short wings 2 are arranged in an equally divided and staggered manner, and it contains three long wings 1 and two short wings 2, of which only one long wing 1 is adjacent to the short wing 2 on both sides, and the other two long wings 1 are adjacent to the short wing 2 on only one side, and the wings are alternately distributed with chip grooves 6, and each chip groove 6 is equipped with an exhaust port 3 that axially passes through the entire drill bit. This structure is as shown in FIG. Figure 2 shown.

[0031] The long wing 1 and the short wing 2 form the skeleton structure of the cutting end of the drill bit. Figure 2 , Figure 3The outer convex arc surface of the long wing 1 and the short wing 2 shown in the figure has the same radius of curvature, and the radius of curvature is equal to half the nominal diameter of the drill bit. Six main alloy teeth 4 are embedded at equal intervals along the left radial direction on the arc surface of the long wing 1, and two radially alternately arranged auxiliary alloy teeth 5 are embedded on the right; four main alloy teeth 4 are embedded at equal intervals along the left radial direction on the arc surface of the short wing 2, and two radially alternately arranged auxiliary alloy teeth 5 are embedded on the right. In the above structure, due to the different numbers of main alloy teeth 4 embedded on the arc surfaces of the long wing 1 and the short wing 2, a differential drilling structure with staggered tooth positions is formed.

[0032] In this embodiment, in the differential five-wing drill bit with a nominal diameter of Φ135 mm, the misalignment range between the main alloy teeth 4 embedded in the long wing 1 and the short wing 2 is two tooth positions. Specifically, the main alloy tooth 4 located at the innermost of the short wing 2 is flush with the third main alloy tooth 4 arranged from the inside to the outside of the long wing 1.

[0033] In addition, the radial outer contours of the long wing 1 and the short wing 2 are both arc edges of the same circle, and the radius of curvature is equal to half of the nominal diameter of the differential five-wing drill bit. This structure not only ensures the overall symmetry and structural strength of the drill bit cutting end, but also optimizes the contact efficiency between the drill bit and the rock formation.

[0034] Through the above structural improvements, the differential five-wing drill bit realizes the differential arrangement of the main alloy teeth embedded in the long wing 1 and the short wing 2. The drill bit with this structure presents the following two characteristics during drilling: First, the alternating action of the embedded main alloy teeth 4 effectively reduces unnecessary wear and tear, and at the same time reduces the movement resistance of the drill bit during the drilling process, thereby extending the service life of the drill bit.

[0035] The second is staggered drilling. The staggered teeth cause the drill bit to naturally form multi-frequency vibrations during the drilling process. This multi-frequency vibration improves the crushing efficiency of high-hardness rock formations, thereby significantly improving the rock drilling efficiency of the drill bit.

[0036] The improved design of the drill bit of the present invention also greatly optimizes the chip removal effect. The axially penetrating chip removal groove 6 combined with the staggered arrangement of the long wings 1 and the short wings 2 ensures that the chips can be quickly discharged, thereby avoiding the blockage caused by the accumulation of chips during the operation. This optimized design further improves the stability and efficiency of the operation.

[0037] In order to facilitate understanding of the above technical solutions of the present invention, the above technical solutions of the present invention are described in detail below through specific usage methods.

[0038] The specific working process is as follows: first, before using the differential five-wing drill bit configured with the mining impactor of the present invention, the operator firmly installs it with the main shaft connection part of the mining impactor. Ensure that the long wings 1 and short wings 2 of the drill bit are in the correct staggered arrangement position, and all the main alloy teeth 4 and auxiliary alloy teeth 5 are tightly fixed and not loose. Then, after starting the mining impactor, the drill bit begins to impact and cut the target working surface with high-frequency vibration and rotational motion. Under the action of the staggered structure of the long wings 1 and the short wings 2, the main alloy teeth 4 contact the surface of the rock formation in a dislocated manner, thereby achieving alternating drilling. During the rotation of the drill bit, the main alloy teeth 4 on the long wings 1 and the short wings 2 alternately contact the rock formation, forming a dislocated cutting effect. This process reduces the contact area of ​​the drill bit per unit time, ensures that each alloy tooth is evenly stressed, and reduces the wear rate. The staggered tooth position causes the drill bit to naturally generate multi-frequency vibrations during the cutting process. This vibration has a significant crushing effect on high-hardness rock formations and improves operating efficiency. The rock chips generated during the cutting process are quickly discharged through the chip groove 6 on the drill bit. The axially penetrating exhaust port 3 effectively prevents debris from accumulating around the drill bit, ensuring smooth drilling operation.

[0039] When the expected drilling depth is reached, stop the mining hammer and slowly withdraw the drill bit from the working surface to ensure that no additional wear is caused to the drill bit. After use, check whether the long wing 1, short wing 2, main alloy tooth 4, auxiliary alloy tooth 5 and chip groove 6 on the drill bit are worn or blocked. Clean the debris and attachments on the drill bit, especially the impurities in the chip groove 6, to ensure that the drill bit is in good condition when used next time.

[0040] The differential five-wing drill bit of the present invention is particularly suitable for drilling operations in high-hardness rock formations, and can also be used for exploration projects under complex geological conditions, such as multi-layer hard rock mixed areas, and scenarios requiring efficient chip removal and long-term continuous work.

[0041] Through the above-mentioned operating steps, the differential five-wing drill bit of the present invention significantly improves the rock drilling efficiency. Its optimized impact force distribution transmission and multi-frequency vibration characteristics enable it to perform excellently in crushing hard rocks, while significantly reducing the energy consumption caused by wear and motion resistance.

[0042] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", etc. indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific position, be constructed and operated in a specific position, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. Unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be a connection between the two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0043] It should be noted that, in the present invention, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0044] The foregoing is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, which enables those skilled in the art to understand or implement the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features of the invention described herein.

Claims

1. A differential five-wing drill bit equipped with a mining impactor, the drill bit comprising a long wing (1) and a short wing (2), a chip removal groove (6) is provided between each wing, and an axially through-going exhaust port (3) is provided in the chip removal groove (6); characterized in that: The long wings (1) and the short wings (2) are arranged in a staggered manner, the curvature radii of the outer convex arc surfaces of the long wings (1) and the short wings (2) are equal, and different numbers of main alloy teeth (4) and auxiliary alloy teeth (5) are embedded in the long wings (1) and the short wings (2), and the embedded positions of the main alloy teeth (4) are staggered along the radial direction of each wing to form a differential drilling structure; the radial outer contours of the long wings (1) and the short wings (2) are arc edges, and the curvature radius of the long wings (1) and the short wings (2) is equal to half the nominal diameter of the drill bit.

2. The differential five-wing drill bit configured with a mining impactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main alloy teeth (4) and the auxiliary alloy teeth (5) embedded on the arc surface of the long wing (1) are distributed at equal intervals along the left and right radial directions, wherein the number of the main alloy teeth (4) embedded on the left is greater than the number of the auxiliary alloy teeth (5) embedded on the right.

3. The differential five-wing drill bit configured with a mining impactor according to claim 2, characterized in that: Six main alloy teeth (4) are embedded in the left side of the arc surface of the long wing (1) at equal intervals in the radial direction, and two auxiliary alloy teeth (5) are embedded in the right side at intervals in the radial direction.

4. The drill bit configured with a mining impactor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The main alloy teeth (4) and the auxiliary alloy teeth (5) embedded on the arc surface of the short wing (2) are distributed at equal intervals along the left and right radial directions, wherein the number of the main alloy teeth (4) embedded on the left is greater than the number of the auxiliary alloy teeth (5) embedded on the right.

5. The drill bit configured with a mining impactor according to claim 4, characterized in that: Four main alloy teeth (4) are embedded at equal intervals in the radial direction on the left side of the arc surface of the short wing (2), and two auxiliary alloy teeth (5) are embedded at alternate intervals in the radial direction on the right side.

6. The drill bit configured with a mining hammer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The embedding position of the main alloy tooth (4) located at the innermost side of the short wing (2) is flush with the embedding position of the third main alloy tooth (4) arranged from the inside to the outside of the long wing (1).

7. The drill bit configured with a mining impactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chip removal groove (6) is arranged along the axial direction of the drill bit, and the exhaust port (3) thereof runs through the entire axial direction of the drill bit.

8. The drill bit configured with a mining impactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The long wings (1) and the short wings (2) are arranged in an equal and staggered manner to form three long wings and two short wings.

9. The drill bit configured with a mining impactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting end of the drill bit is in a hemispherical shape, and the long wing (1) and the short wing (2) form a skeleton structure of the drill bit.

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