Tubular column lifting amplitude control device and method based on wellhead pressure change

Abstract

The invention discloses a tubular column lifting amplitude control device and method based on wellhead pressure changes, and belongs to the technical field of automatic well repair of oil production engineering. The tubular column lifting amplitude control device comprises a derrick, a blowout preventer, a well pressure monitoring device, a fixed slip, a movable slip, a lifting system and a control system; a well pressure monitoring device for monitoring pressure changes of a well mouth casing pipe in real time is arranged on a blowout preventer of a well mouth, a derrick is erected around the well mouth, the derrick is provided with an upper cross beam and a lower cross beam, the lower cross beam is provided with a fixed slip used for clamping a pipe column, the upper cross beam is provided with a lifting system, and the lifting system is provided with a movable slip used for clamping the pipe column. The well pressure monitoring device is connected with the control system, the lifting system is connected with the control system, the wellhead pressure is monitored in real time, the needed lifting amplitude and speed are automatically calculated through a remote PLC program, and the lifting amplitude and speed of a tubular column are controlled. The operation reliability is improved, potential safety hazards caused by human factors are eliminated, and pipe column bending accidents are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of automated well repairing in oil production engineering of the petroleum industry, and in particular relates to a device and method for controlling the tripping amplitude of a pipe string based on wellhead pressure changes. Background Art

[0002] At present, according to the operation content, my country's oil well repair industry can be divided into three types: major repair, minor repair and pressure operation. Among them, pressure operation is a newly developed engineering technology in the past 20 years, mainly used for water well no-well operation. At present, 80% of the work in pressure repair operation is pipe lifting and lowering operation. During the process of lifting and lowering pipes, there is no fixed value for the lifting and lowering amplitude of the lifting cylinder. It is the driller's own judgment based on experience, which poses a considerable safety hazard. When lifting and lowering the pipe string, the movement of the pipe string has a certain impact on the pressure in the well. The pressure in the well is unstable. Once an abnormality occurs, the operator cannot respond and deal with it in time. If it is not handled in time, it is easy to cause construction accidents such as pipe string bending and flying pipe. Therefore, with the change of well pressure, it is necessary to change the lifting amplitude in time to prevent the pipe string from bending due to excessive lifting and lowering amplitude. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor the change of wellhead pressure in real time and transmit it to the control system.

[0003] The bottom hole tool string contains a packer. As the pipe string moves up and down, the pressure in the wellbore changes accordingly. This requires timely changes in the lifting range to prevent the pipe string from bending due to excessive lifting and lowering. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor the wellhead pressure changes in real time and transmit them to the control system. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention proposes: a device for controlling the lifting and lowering amplitude of a pipe string based on changes in wellhead pressure, comprising a derrick, a blowout preventer, a well pressure monitoring device, a fixed slip, a floating slip, a lifting system and a control system, wherein the blowout preventer is installed on the wellhead, and a well pressure monitoring device for real-time monitoring of changes in the wellhead casing pressure is arranged on the blowout preventer at the wellhead, the derrick is erected around the wellhead, and an upper crossbeam and a lower crossbeam are arranged on the derrick, and a fixed slip for clamping the pipe string is arranged on the lower crossbeam, a lifting system is arranged on the upper crossbeam, and a floating slip for clamping the pipe string is arranged on the lifting system, the well pressure monitoring device is connected to the control system, and the lifting system is connected to the control system.

[0005] Furthermore, the derrick is a load-bearing component.

[0006] Furthermore, the blowout preventer is an annular blowout preventer or a single-gate blowout preventer, and a well pressure monitoring device for monitoring the working state of the blowout preventer is arranged on the blowout preventer, and a pressure sensor on the well pressure monitoring device feeds back to the control system.

[0007] Furthermore, the fixed slips and the movable slips are mechanical structures for clamping the pipe string, and opening and clamping sensors are arranged thereon for monitoring the working status and providing timely feedback to the control system.

[0008] Furthermore, the lifting system is composed of a number of lifting cylinders and a traveling beam. The lifting cylinder is installed on the upper beam of the derrick, the traveling beam is installed on the lifting cylinder, a traveling slip is arranged on the traveling beam, and a displacement sensor is arranged on the traveling beam for feeding back the position information of the traveling beam to the control system in real time.

[0009] Furthermore, the control system is a PLC program control system, which controls the proportional hydraulic valve group through sensors, program language, and CAN bus communication to achieve terminal element movement, thereby realizing real-time monitoring of pipe string data and real-time control of lifting height.

[0010] A method for controlling the lifting and lowering amplitude of a pipe string based on changes in wellhead pressure, wherein a derrick is supported around the wellhead, a blowout preventer is fixedly connected to the wellhead, a well pressure monitoring device is installed on a wellhead spool or a balance spool, the well pressure monitoring device monitors changes in the wellhead casing pressure in real time, and after the well pressure monitoring device monitors the well pressure data, the data is transmitted to a control system in real time, the control system automatically calculates the amplitude value based on an amplitude calculation module, and compares the calculated value with the data in an amplitude database, selects the best amplitude from the database and inputs it into a lifting cylinder lifting program, the control system automatically controls the lifting amplitude of the lifting cylinder in the lifting system according to the lifting program setting, feeds back the amplitude information to the control system in real time through a lifting displacement sensor, and completes the lifting and lowering operation of the pipe string under the alternating cooperation of fixed slips and floating slips.

[0011] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention is the first in the industry to adopt an automated operation method to perform tubing lifting and lowering operations. By using this method, the control system can accurately calculate the amplitude value required for tubing operation according to the change in wellhead pressure, and can adjust the lifting and lowering amplitude and speed in real time, thereby reducing the risk during the operation.

[0012] The present invention is applied to automated pressure-carrying operation, monitors wellhead pressure in real time, automatically calculates required lifting amplitude and lifting speed through remote PLC program, and automatically changes lifting amplitude and speed during pipe string lifting operation through electric proportional hydraulic valve group, displacement sensor, etc. Compared with the traditional manual pipe lifting technology, the present invention can automatically calculate lifting amplitude according to the change of wellhead pressure, and control lifting amplitude and speed in real time, thereby improving the reliability of operation, eliminating safety hazards caused by human factors, and reducing the occurrence of pipe string bending accidents. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a pipe string tripping amplitude control device based on wellhead pressure changes of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 2 It is a control principle block diagram of the control system of the present invention.

[0015] In the figure, 1, derrick; 11, upper crossbeam; 12, lower crossbeam; 2, blowout preventer; 3, well pressure monitoring device; 4, fixed slips; 5, moving slips; 6, lifting system; 61, lifting cylinder; 62, moving crossbeam. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] In order to make the technical means adopted by the present invention and the purpose achieved easy to understand, the present invention is further explained in combination with a specific implementation method below. A pipe string lifting and lowering amplitude control device based on wellhead pressure changes includes a derrick 1, a blowout preventer 2, a well pressure monitoring device 3, a fixed slip 4, a floating slip 5, a lifting system 6 and a control system. The blowout preventer 2 is installed on the wellhead, and a well pressure monitoring device 3 for real-time monitoring of wellhead casing pressure changes is arranged on the blowout preventer 2 of the wellhead. The derrick 1 is erected around the wellhead, and an upper crossbeam 11 and a lower crossbeam 12 are arranged on the derrick 1. A fixed slip 4 for clamping the pipe string is arranged on the lower crossbeam 12, a lifting system 6 is arranged on the upper crossbeam 11, and a floating slip 5 for clamping the pipe string is arranged on the lifting system 6. The well pressure monitoring device 3 is connected to the control system, and the lifting system 6 is connected to the control system.

[0017] The derrick 1 is a bearing component. The derrick 1 is a bearing component of other parts, and the structure is not limited, as long as it can meet the installation of well pressure monitoring devices, working blowout preventers, pipe clamp detection devices, fixed slips, floating slips, and lifting systems.

[0018] The blowout preventer 2 is an annular blowout preventer or a single-gate blowout preventer. A well pressure monitoring device 3 for monitoring the working state of the blowout preventer is provided on the blowout preventer 2. The pressure sensor on the well pressure monitoring device 3 feeds back to the control system.

[0019] The working blowout preventer includes an annular blowout preventer and a single gate working blowout preventer, and the number is configured according to the actual process requirements. According to the needs, a sensor is set on the working blowout preventer to monitor the working status of the blowout preventer and timely feedback to the control system.

[0020] The well pressure monitoring device is installed on the wellhead blowout preventer assembly or the wellhead spool, and can monitor the wellhead casing pressure changes in real time.

[0021] The fixed slips 4 and the movable slips 5 are mechanical structures for clamping the pipe string, and opening and clamping sensors are arranged thereon for monitoring the working status and providing timely feedback to the control system.

[0022] Among them, the lifting system 6 is composed of a plurality of lifting cylinders 61 and a traveling beam 62. The lifting cylinder 61 is installed on the upper beam 11 of the derrick 1, and the traveling beam 62 is installed on the lifting cylinder 61. A traveling cava 5 is arranged on the traveling beam 62. A displacement sensor is arranged on the traveling beam 62 for feeding back the position information of the traveling beam 62 to the control system in real time.

[0023] Among them, the control system is a PLC program control system, which controls the proportional hydraulic valve group through sensors, program language, and CAN bus communication to realize the movement of terminal components, thereby realizing real-time monitoring of pipe string data and real-time control of lifting height.

[0024] A method for controlling the lifting and lowering amplitude of a pipe string based on changes in wellhead pressure, wherein a derrick is supported around the wellhead, a blowout preventer is fixedly connected to the wellhead, a well pressure monitoring device is installed on a wellhead spool or a balance spool, the well pressure monitoring device monitors changes in the wellhead casing pressure in real time, and after the well pressure monitoring device monitors the well pressure data, the data is transmitted to a control system in real time, the control system automatically calculates the amplitude value based on an amplitude calculation module, and compares the calculated value with the data in an amplitude database, selects the best amplitude from the database and inputs it into a lifting cylinder lifting program, the control system automatically controls the lifting amplitude of the lifting cylinder in the lifting system according to the lifting program setting, feeds back the amplitude information to the control system in real time through a lifting displacement sensor, and completes the lifting and lowering operation of the pipe string under the alternating cooperation of fixed slips and floating slips.

[0025] A method for controlling the lifting and lowering amplitude of a pipe string based on the change of wellhead pressure is applied to automated pipe lowering operations and is based on an automated pressure-carrying operation device. The method is applied to automated pressure-carrying operations; the wellhead pressure is monitored in real time, and the required lifting and lowering amplitude and speed are automatically calculated through a remote PLC program. The lifting and lowering amplitude and speed are automatically changed during the pipe string lifting and lowering operation through an electric proportional hydraulic valve group, a displacement sensor, etc.

[0026] The method is applied to automated pipe laying operations, and the method is based on an automated pressure-carrying operation device.

[0027] This method is applied to automated pressurized operations; the wellhead pressure is monitored in real time, the required lifting and lowering amplitude and speed are automatically calculated through a remote PLC program, and the lifting and lowering amplitude and speed are automatically changed during the tubing lifting and lowering operation through proportional hydraulic valve groups, sensors, etc.

[0028] Reference Figure 1 As shown, the method is based on an automated pressure-operating device, which includes a derrick 1, a blowout preventer 2, a well pressure monitoring device 3, fixed slips 4, movable slips 5, a lifting system 6 and a control system.

[0029] When used on site, the specific operation method is as follows: the derrick 1 is supported around the wellhead, the blowout preventer 2 is fixedly connected to the wellhead, and the well pressure monitoring device 3 is installed on the wellhead spool or the balance spool, which can monitor the wellhead casing pressure changes in real time. When the well pressure monitoring device 3 detects the well pressure data, it transmits the data to the control system in real time. The control system automatically calculates the amplitude value based on the amplitude calculation module, and compares the calculated value with the data in the amplitude database, selects the best amplitude from the database and inputs it into the lifting cylinder lifting program. The control system automatically controls the lifting amplitude of the lifting cylinder in the lifting system 6 according to the lifting program settings, and feeds back the amplitude information to the control system in real time through the lifting displacement sensor, and completes the pipe string lifting and lowering operation under the alternating cooperation of the fixed slips 4 and the floating slips 5.

[0030] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical solutions and concepts of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pipe string tripping amplitude control device based on wellhead pressure changes, characterized in that: The invention comprises a derrick (1), a blowout preventer (2), a well pressure monitoring device (3), a fixed slip (4), a floating slip (5), a lifting system (6) and a control system (7). The blowout preventer (2) is installed on the wellhead. The blowout preventer (2) at the wellhead is provided with a well pressure monitoring device (3) for real-time monitoring of the change in the wellhead casing pressure. The derrick (1) is erected around the wellhead. The derrick (1) is provided with an upper crossbeam (11) and a lower crossbeam (12). The lower crossbeam (12) is provided with a fixed slip (4) for clamping a pipe string. The upper crossbeam (11) is provided with a lifting system (6). The lifting system (6) is provided with a floating slip (5) for clamping a pipe string. The well pressure monitoring device (3) is connected to the control system. The lifting system (6) is connected to the control system.

2. The device for controlling the tripping amplitude of a pipe string based on wellhead pressure changes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The derrick (1) is a load-bearing component.

3. The device for controlling the tripping amplitude of a pipe string based on wellhead pressure changes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blowout preventer (2) is an annular blowout preventer or a single-gate blowout preventer. A well pressure monitoring device (3) for monitoring the working state of the blowout preventer is arranged on the blowout preventer (2). The pressure sensor on the well pressure monitoring device (3) feeds back to the control system.

4. The device for controlling the tripping amplitude of a pipe string based on wellhead pressure changes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed slips (4) and the movable slips (5) are mechanical structures for clamping the pipe string, and opening and clamping sensors are arranged thereon for monitoring the working status and providing timely feedback to the control system.

5. The device for controlling the tripping amplitude of a pipe string based on wellhead pressure changes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting system (6) is composed of a plurality of lifting cylinders (61) and a movable crossbeam (62). The lifting cylinder (61) is mounted on the upper crossbeam (11) of the derrick (1), the movable crossbeam (62) is mounted on the lifting cylinder (61), a movable slip (5) is arranged on the movable crossbeam (62), and a displacement sensor is arranged on the movable crossbeam (62) for feeding back position information of the movable crossbeam (62) to the control system in real time.

6. The device for controlling the tripping amplitude of a pipe string based on wellhead pressure changes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control system is a PLC program control system, which controls the proportional hydraulic valve group through sensors, program language, and CAN bus communication to achieve the movement of terminal components, thereby realizing real-time monitoring of pipe string data and real-time control of lifting height.

7. A method for controlling the tripping amplitude of a pipe string based on wellhead pressure changes, characterized in that: The derrick is supported around the wellhead, the blowout preventer is fixedly connected to the wellhead, and the well pressure monitoring device is installed on the wellhead spool or balance spool. The well pressure monitoring device monitors the changes in the wellhead casing pressure in real time. When the well pressure monitoring device detects the well pressure data, it transmits the data to the control system in real time.

8. The method for controlling the tripping amplitude of a pipe string based on wellhead pressure changes according to claim 7, characterized in that: The control system automatically calculates the amplitude value based on the amplitude calculation module, compares the calculated value with the data in the amplitude database, selects the best amplitude from the database and inputs it into the lifting program of the lifting cylinder. The control system automatically controls the lifting amplitude of the lifting cylinder in the lifting system according to the lifting program settings, and feeds back the amplitude information to the control system in real time through the lifting displacement sensor, completing the pipe column lifting and lowering operation with the alternating cooperation of the fixed slips and the floating slips.

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