A wind turbine cooling system and control method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a heat dissipation system and a control method for a wind turbine. By setting up a dust concentration detection device, a heat dissipation device for the outer shell of the nacelle cover, a heat dissipation device for the inner shell of the nacelle cover, and a heat dissipation and filtration device at the top of the tower, different heat dissipation modes are activated according to the dust concentration value monitored by the dust concentration detection device, in combination with data such as the temperature, wind speed, and operating status of the wind turbine. The heat dissipation devices for the outer shell of the nacelle cover and the inner shell of the nacelle cover are independently controlled for heat dissipation, enabling adaptive heat dissipation operation for the environment, ensuring the heat dissipation capacity of the unit under high temperatures, and improving the heat dissipation efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fan heat dissipation, and in particular to a heat dissipation system and control method for a wind turbine generator set. Background Art

[0002] Currently, there are mainly four heat dissipation methods for wind turbine generator sets, namely natural cooling heat dissipation, forced air cooling heat dissipation, water cooling heat dissipation, and hybrid heat dissipation.

[0003] Facing the super-large wind turbine generator sets under the high-temperature conditions in the desert areas of Shagehuang, systematically improving the anti-sand and dust ability, heat dissipation ability, and high-temperature resistance ability of wind turbine generator sets is an industrial pain point, especially for large-scale projects in the four major deserts in Inner Mongolia and international projects similar to those in Saudi Arabia.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a heat dissipation system that can highly adapt to the wind turbine generator sets in this area to meet the super-large wind turbine generator sets in the desert areas of Shagehuang at home and abroad. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a heat dissipation system and control method for a wind turbine generator set. By monitoring the dust content through an air environment monitoring system, different heat dissipation modes are activated in combination with data such as the temperature, wind speed, and operating status of the wind turbine generator set, enabling adaptive heat dissipation operation for the environment, ensuring the heat dissipation ability of the unit at high temperatures, and improving the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides a heat dissipation system for a wind turbine generator set, including a dust concentration detection device, a nacelle cover outer shell heat dissipation device, a nacelle cover inner shell heat dissipation device, a tower top heat dissipation and filtration device, and a controller. The dust concentration detection device is arranged at the top of the outer cover of the wind turbine generator set with a double-shell structure, and is used to detect the dust concentration value at the location of the wind turbine generator set and output it to the controller. The nacelle cover inner shell heat dissipation device is arranged inside the nacelle of the wind turbine generator set, the nacelle cover outer shell heat dissipation device is arranged on the outer shell of the nacelle of the wind turbine generator set, and the tower top heat dissipation and filtration device is arranged at the tower top of the wind turbine generator set and is used to filter the dust in the wind generated by the chimney effect at the tower bottom. After receiving the dust concentration value, the controller controls the nacelle cover outer shell heat dissipation device and the nacelle cover inner shell heat dissipation device to perform heat dissipation operations according to the heat dissipation activation conditions of the nacelle cover outer shell heat dissipation device and the nacelle cover inner shell heat dissipation device preset with the dust concentration value.

[0007] Among them, the nacelle cover outer shell heat dissipation device includes an inner and outer cover connecting frame, a forced ventilation fan between the inner and outer covers, an outer cover outer shell, and an outer cover inner shell. The inner and outer cover connecting frame is used to support the outer shell of the wind turbine and connect the outer cover of the wind turbine to the inner cover of the wind turbine. The forced ventilation fan between the inner and outer covers is arranged on the windward sides of both sides of the nacelle of the wind turbine. The outer surface of the outer cover outer shell is provided with an anti-sand and dust coating. A heat-conducting metal layer is arranged inside the outer cover inner shell to assist in dissipating heat from the channels of the nacelle. A heat insulation layer is arranged between the outer cover outer shell and the outer cover inner shell.

[0008] Among them, the outer cover outer shell is a heat-insulating outer cover outer shell, and the outer cover inner shell is a heat-insulating outer cover inner shell.

[0009] Among them, the nacelle cover inner shell heat dissipation device includes an inner shell outer cover, a top exhaust fan of the inner shell, inner shell heat dissipation fins, and a side wall ventilation fan of the inner shell. The inner shell outer cover is provided with a second metal heat-conducting layer for assisting in dissipating heat from the nacelle. The top exhaust fan of the inner shell is arranged at the top of the heat dissipation channel in the nacelle and is used for exhausting the hot air in the nacelle to the outside. The inner shell heat dissipation fins are provided with multiple heat-conducting layers and are arranged in the nacelle to realize air convection and heat dissipation inside and outside the nacelle. The side wall ventilation fan of the inner shell is provided with a sand and dust filtering unit, a protective cover, and a sealing structure to prevent external impurities from entering the nacelle of the unit. The side wall ventilation fan of the inner shell is installed on the side wall of the inner shell of the nacelle and is used for blowing air into the nacelle to ensure that the inside of the nacelle has a slightly positive pressure state.

[0010] Among them, the inner shell outer cover is an aluminum alloy inner shell outer cover or a stainless steel inner shell outer cover.

[0011] Among them, the shape of the inner shell heat dissipation fins is straight, corrugated, or serrated.

[0012] Among them, the inner shell heat dissipation fins are copper inner shell heat dissipation fins, aluminum inner shell heat dissipation fins, or their copper-aluminum alloy inner shell heat dissipation fins.

[0013] Among them, the tower top heat dissipation and filtering device includes a wind turbine tower inner wall top sand filter net installed on the top of the inner wall of the tower top of the wind turbine. The wind turbine tower inner wall top sand filter net is a stainless steel net or an alloy net.

[0014] Wherein, it further includes a data memory, a parameter input device, and a heat dissipation optimization device connected to the controller. The data memory is used to store the dust concentration value obtained by the dust concentration detection device and the operation data of the nacelle cover outer casing heat dissipation device and the nacelle cover inner casing heat dissipation device. The parameter input device is used to input the operation parameters of the nacelle cover outer casing heat dissipation device and the nacelle cover inner casing heat dissipation device under different dust concentration values from the outside. The heat dissipation optimization device is used to perform data self-learning optimization after fusing the stored data in the data memory, the structural characteristics of the nacelle cover outer casing heat dissipation device and the nacelle cover inner casing heat dissipation device, the nacelle temperature value of the wind turbine generator set, and the regulated operation state of the controller, and combining the SCADA data of the wind turbine generator set. Taking the lowest energy consumption for sand prevention as the optimization condition, it performs optimization control and outputs the optimal control strategy to the controller.

[0015] In addition, an embodiment of the present application further provides a control method for a wind turbine generator set heat dissipation system, which is applied to the wind turbine generator set heat dissipation system as described above, and includes:

[0016] S1, detecting the dust concentration value where the wind turbine generator set is located;

[0017] S2, judging and outputting the dust content level where the dust concentration value is located. The dust content level includes a low concentration level, a medium concentration level, and a high concentration level;

[0018] S3, determining a heat dissipation mode according to the dust content level where the dust concentration value is located. The heat dissipation mode includes an inner shell forced ventilation mode corresponding to the low concentration level, an inner shell weak ventilation mode corresponding to the medium concentration level, and a pure fin heat dissipation mode corresponding to the high concentration level of the inner shell weak ventilation mode. The inner shell forced ventilation mode is to perform forced large-flow positive pressure heat dissipation by fully opening the ventilation fans on the side walls of the inner shell of the wind turbine generator set heat dissipation system and the inner shell heat dissipation fins of the wind turbine generator set heat dissipation system work for heat dissipation. The inner shell weak ventilation mode adjusts the ventilation volume of the ventilation fans on the side walls of the inner shell according to the filtering ability of the tower top heat dissipation filtering device of the wind turbine generator set heat dissipation system. While ensuring that there is no dust inside the nacelle, it controls the inner shell heat dissipation fins to perform heat dissipation work. The pure fin heat dissipation mode disables the ventilation fans on the side walls of the inner shell and controls the inner shell heat dissipation fins to perform sealed fin heat exchange.

[0019] The wind turbine generator set heat dissipation system and control method provided by the embodiments of the present invention have the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0020] The wind turbine cooling system and control method provided by the embodiments of the present invention, by setting a dust concentration detection device, a nacelle cover outer shell cooling device, a nacelle cover inner shell cooling device and a tower top cooling and filtering device, according to the dust concentration value monitored by the dust concentration detection device, combined with data such as the temperature, wind speed and operating status of the wind turbine, different cooling modes are turned on, and the nacelle cover outer shell cooling device and the nacelle cover inner shell cooling device are independently controlled for heat dissipation, and adaptive heat dissipation operation can be carried out on the environment, ensuring the heat dissipation capacity of the unit under high temperature and improving the heat dissipation efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0022] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the wind turbine cooling system provided by the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the nacelle cover inner shell cooling device of an embodiment of the wind turbine cooling system provided by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 is a schematic step flow diagram of an embodiment of the control method provided by the present invention;

[0025] Among them, the dust concentration detection device - 101, the inner and outer cover connecting frame - 201, the forced ventilation fan between the inner and outer covers - 202, the outer cover housing - 203, the outer cover inner shell - 204, the tower top inner wall - 301, the wind and sand filter net in the tower barrel - 302, the inner shell outer cover - 401, the inner shell top exhaust fan - 402, the inner shell heat dissipation fins - 403, the inner shell side wall ventilation fan - 404. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0026] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] Please refer to Figures 1 - 3 , Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the wind turbine cooling system provided by the present invention; Figure 2Schematic structural diagram of the inner housing heat dissipation device of the nacelle cover of an embodiment of the wind turbine heat dissipation system provided by the present invention; Figure 3 Schematic flow chart of the steps of an embodiment of the control method provided by the present invention.

[0028] In a specific embodiment, the wind turbine heat dissipation system includes a dust concentration detection device 101, an outer housing heat dissipation device of the nacelle cover, an inner housing heat dissipation device of the nacelle cover, a tower top heat dissipation and filtration device, and a controller. The dust concentration detection device 101 is arranged at the top of the outer cover of the wind turbine with a double-housing structure, and is used to detect the dust concentration value at the location of the wind turbine and output it to the controller. The inner housing heat dissipation device of the nacelle cover is arranged inside the nacelle of the wind turbine, the outer housing heat dissipation device of the nacelle cover is arranged on the outer housing of the nacelle of the wind turbine, and the tower top heat dissipation and filtration device is arranged at the tower top of the wind turbine for filtering the dust in the wind generated by the chimney effect at the tower bottom. After receiving the dust concentration value, the controller controls the outer housing heat dissipation device of the nacelle cover and the inner housing heat dissipation device of the nacelle cover to perform heat dissipation operations according to the heat dissipation start conditions of the outer housing heat dissipation device of the nacelle cover and the inner housing heat dissipation device of the nacelle cover preset with the dust concentration value.

[0029] By setting the dust concentration detection device 101, the outer housing heat dissipation device of the nacelle cover, the inner housing heat dissipation device of the nacelle cover, and the tower top heat dissipation and filtration device, different heat dissipation modes are enabled according to the dust concentration value monitored by the dust concentration detection device 101, combined with data such as the temperature, wind speed, and operating state of the wind turbine, and the outer housing heat dissipation device of the nacelle cover and the inner housing heat dissipation device of the nacelle cover are independently controlled for heat dissipation, so as to carry out adaptive heat dissipation operation on the environment, ensure the heat dissipation capacity of the unit under high temperature, and improve the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0030] The wind turbine in this application adopts a double-housing structure, which can effectively resist the lateral erosion and wear of sand and dust, efficiently divert and guide the incoming wind for heat dissipation, ensure a sand-free environment inside the wind turbine when the sand content is large, and the system has the ability to self-clean sand and dust, realizing the maintenance-free operation of the heat dissipation system.

[0031] The double-housing ventilation duct rotates with the yaw system of the wind turbine, actively facing the wind. When the wind speed is high, the power generation is high and the heat dissipation is large, and the heat dissipation effect is enhanced. On the contrary, when the wind speed is low, the heat dissipation demand is small, and the structure can adapt to the heat dissipation demand of the unit.

[0032] In this application, by setting up a heat dissipation device for the outer housing of the nacelle cover and a heat dissipation device for the inner housing of the nacelle cover, when the sand and dust concentration is relatively low, the heat dissipation device for the outer housing of the nacelle cover can be used to dissipate heat by utilizing the external wind force, reducing the heat dissipation power and cost. When the sand and dust concentration is relatively high, the heat dissipation device for the inner housing of the nacelle cover is used to dissipate heat, and heat is dissipated through the internal structure to prevent sand and dust from entering the interior, improving the safety and reliability of heat dissipation.

[0033] In this application, the structure of the heat dissipation device for the outer housing of the nacelle cover is not modified.

[0034] In one embodiment, the heat dissipation device for the outer housing of the nacelle cover includes an inner and outer cover connecting frame 201, a forced ventilation fan 202 between the inner and outer covers, an outer housing 203, and an inner housing 204 of the outer cover. The inner and outer cover connecting frame 201 is used to support the outer housing of the wind turbine generator and connect the outer cover of the wind turbine generator to the inner cover of the wind turbine generator. The forced ventilation fan 202 between the inner and outer covers is arranged on the windward sides of both sides of the nacelle of the wind turbine generator. The outer surface of the outer housing 203 is provided with an anti-sand and dust coating. The inner part of the inner housing 204 of the outer cover is provided with a heat-conducting metal layer for assisting in dissipating heat from the passage of the nacelle. A heat insulation layer is arranged between the outer housing 203 and the inner housing 204 of the outer cover.

[0035] By setting up the inner and outer cover connecting frame 201 to support the outer housing of the wind turbine generator and connect the outer cover of the wind turbine generator to the inner cover of the wind turbine generator, and the forced ventilation fan 202 between the inner and outer covers arranged on the windward sides of both sides of the nacelle of the wind turbine generator, forced ventilation is realized inside and outside, and forced air circulation between the inside and outside is achieved, improving the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0036] An anti-sand and dust coating is provided on the outer surface of the outer housing 203 to resist long-term sand and dust impact and erosion. A heat-conducting metal layer is arranged inside the inner housing 204 of the outer cover, which can assist in dissipating heat from the passage. A heat insulation layer is arranged between the outer housing 203 and the inner housing 204 of the outer cover to isolate heat transfer by solar radiation and reduce the increase in the internal temperature caused by external solar irradiation.

[0037] In this application, the material and thickness of the heat insulation layer are not limited.

[0038] In this application, the structure of the heat dissipation device for the outer housing of the nacelle cover includes but is not limited to the above structure.

[0039] In order to reduce heat transfer, reduce the subsequent heat dissipation difficulty and improve the heat dissipation efficiency, the outer housing 203 is a heat-insulating outer housing, and the inner housing 204 of the outer cover is a heat-insulating inner housing of the outer cover.

[0040] In this application, the specific material and size of the heat-insulating outer housing 203 and the heat-insulating inner housing 204 of the outer cover are not limited.

[0041] In this application, a heat dissipation device for the inner housing of the nacelle cover is used for heat dissipation inside the nacelle, and its specific structure is not limited.

[0042] In one embodiment, the heat dissipation device for the inner housing of the nacelle cover includes an outer cover 401 of the inner housing, an exhaust fan 402 at the top of the inner housing, heat dissipation fins 403 of the inner housing, and a ventilation fan 404 on the side wall of the inner housing. The outer cover 401 of the inner housing is provided with a second metal heat conduction layer for assisting in heat dissipation of the nacelle. The exhaust fan 402 at the top of the inner housing is arranged at the top of the heat dissipation channel inside the nacelle for exhausting the hot air inside the nacelle. The heat dissipation fins 403 of the inner housing are provided with multiple heat conduction layers and are arranged inside the nacelle for realizing air convection and heat dissipation between the inside and outside of the nacelle. The ventilation fan 404 on the side wall of the inner housing is provided with a sand and dust filtering unit, a protective cover, and a sealing structure for preventing external impurities from entering the nacelle of the unit. The ventilation fan 404 on the side wall of the inner housing is installed on the side wall of the inner housing of the nacelle for blowing air into the nacelle to ensure that the inside of the nacelle has a slightly positive pressure state.

[0043] The outer cover 401 of the inner housing is provided with a second metal heat conduction layer to assist in heat dissipation of the nacelle. The exhaust fan 402 at the top of the inner housing is used for exhausting the internal hot air. The multiple heat conduction materials of the heat dissipation fins 403 of the inner housing are used for heat transfer and heat exchange of air convection between the inside and outside on the fins. The ventilation fan 404 on the side wall of the inner housing has a sand and dust filtering device. The fan blows air into the nacelle for air flow to ensure that the inside of the nacelle has a slightly positive pressure state. After running for a certain period, the fan can reverse to remove the sand and dust on the fan filter layer to ensure the ventilation capacity.

[0044] The heat dissipation device for the inner housing of the nacelle cover in this application includes but is not limited to the above structures.

[0045] In this application, the material, size of the outer cover 401 of the inner housing, and the shape, length, material, etc. of the heat dissipation fins 403 of the inner housing are not limited. The outer cover 401 of the inner housing is an aluminum alloy outer cover 401 of the inner housing or a stainless steel outer cover 401 of the inner housing, or an outer cover 401 of other materials.

[0046] Preferably, the shape of the heat dissipation fins 403 of the inner housing is straight, corrugated or serrated. The heat dissipation fins 403 of the inner housing are copper heat dissipation fins 403 of the inner housing, aluminum heat dissipation fins 403 of the inner housing, or copper-aluminum alloy heat dissipation fins 403 of the inner housing.

[0047] The tower top heat dissipation and filtering device in this application is used for realizing sand and dust filtering, and its filtering material, etc. is not limited. In one embodiment, the tower top heat dissipation and filtering device includes a wind turbine tower inner sand and dust filter net 302 installed at the top of the inner wall 301 of the tower top of the wind turbine generator set. The wind turbine tower inner sand and dust filter net 302 is a stainless steel net or an alloy net.

[0048] In order to further improve the heat dissipation efficiency, reduce the heat dissipation energy consumption, and achieve intelligent heat dissipation, in one embodiment, the wind turbine heat dissipation system further includes a data memory, a parameter input device, and a heat dissipation optimization device connected to the controller. The data memory is used to store the dust concentration value obtained by the dust concentration detection device 101 and the operation data of the nacelle cover outer shell heat dissipation device and the nacelle cover inner shell heat dissipation device. The parameter input device is used to input externally the operation parameters of the nacelle cover outer shell heat dissipation device and the nacelle cover inner shell heat dissipation device under different dust concentration values. The heat dissipation optimization device is used to perform data self-learning optimization after fusing the stored data in the data memory, the structural characteristics of the nacelle cover outer shell heat dissipation device and the nacelle cover inner shell heat dissipation device, the nacelle temperature value of the wind turbine and the operation state regulated by the controller, and combining the SCADA data of the wind turbine, and perform optimization control with the lowest anti-sand energy consumption as the optimization condition, and output the optimal control strategy to the controller.

[0049] By collecting data in real time and collecting control method data, and then establishing a model, and continuously optimizing the control method by using a neural network model or other methods, the heat dissipation control efficiency can be continuously improved.

[0050] In this application, the model and the like used for control optimization are not limited.

[0051] In addition, an embodiment of this application also provides a control method for a wind turbine heat dissipation system, which is applied to the wind turbine heat dissipation system as described above, and includes:

[0052] S1, detecting the dust concentration value where the wind turbine is located;

[0053] S2, judging and outputting the dust content level where the dust concentration value is located, and the dust content level includes a low concentration level, a medium concentration level, and a high concentration level;

[0054] S3. Determine the heat dissipation mode according to the dust content level where the dust concentration value is located. The heat dissipation modes include the forced ventilation mode of the inner shell corresponding to the low concentration level, the weak ventilation mode of the inner shell corresponding to the medium concentration level, and the pure fin heat dissipation mode corresponding to the high concentration level of the weak ventilation mode of the inner shell. The forced ventilation mode of the inner shell is to conduct forced large-flow positive-pressure heat dissipation through the full-power opening of the ventilation fan 404 on the side wall of the inner shell of the wind turbine heat dissipation system and the operation of the heat dissipation fins 403 of the inner shell of the wind turbine heat dissipation system. For the weak ventilation mode of the inner shell, adjust the ventilation volume of the ventilation fan 404 on the side wall of the inner shell according to the filtering capacity of the tower top heat dissipation and filtering device of the wind turbine heat dissipation system, and control the heat dissipation fins 403 of the inner shell to conduct heat dissipation work while ensuring that there is no dust inside the nacelle. For the pure fin heat dissipation mode, disable the ventilation fan 404 on the side wall of the inner shell and control the heat dissipation fins 403 of the inner shell to conduct sealed fin heat exchange.

[0055] Since the control method of the wind turbine heat dissipation system adopts the wind turbine heat dissipation system as described above and has the same beneficial effects, the present application will not elaborate on this.

[0056] For the control method of the wind turbine heat dissipation system of the fir tree, the corresponding heat dissipation mode can be adjusted steplessly or step by step. The control algorithm is initially configured during the installation stage. The initial configuration control algorithm is set based on the expert experience of the big data of this model and combined with the algorithm model trained and optimized by the big data model. Subsequent products have the ability of self-learning, can combine the temperature situation and the operating state of the regulation, and integrate with the SCADA data of the unit for data self-learning optimization, and optimize the control with the lowest energy consumption for sand prevention as the optimization condition. The operation data between multiple units can be synchronously uploaded to the cloud, and the normal data of the wind farm can be integrated and analyzed in the cloud computing space to provide wind farm-level auxiliary support for the local algorithm optimization of a single unit.

[0057] In one embodiment, the wind turbine heat dissipation system includes a dust concentration detection device 101, an inner and outer cover connecting frame 201, a forced ventilation fan 202 between the inner and outer covers, an outer cover housing 203, an outer cover inner housing 204, a tower top inner wall 301, a wind and sand filter net 302 inside the tower barrel, an inner shell outer cover 401, an inner shell top exhaust fan 402, inner shell heat dissipation fins 403, and an inner shell side wall ventilation fan 404.

[0058] The dust concentration detection device 101 is installed on the top of the outer cover, and the installation position is relatively open without obstacles. This enables the dust concentration detection device 101 to come into contact with the air more comprehensively, thereby more accurately monitoring the dust content in the air, avoiding interference with the detection results, and ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the data. The device can detect the dust content in the air in real time and accurately, complete the measurement of the dust concentration in the air in an extremely short time, and transmit the data to the main control system of the unit to timely understand the dust condition in the environment and provide data support for subsequent control decisions. The device also has the capabilities of data transmission and remote monitoring, as well as data storage and query functions, and can save historical detection data for convenient data analysis and processing.

[0059] The inner and outer cover connecting frame 201 is made of high-strength and corrosion-resistant materials. These materials not only have excellent mechanical properties but also can effectively resist long-term wind and sand impact and erosion, ensuring the long-term durability of the connecting frame. Considering the long-term operation and maintenance requirements of the unit, the inner and outer cover connecting frame 201 is convenient for maintenance and easy to disassemble and replace. It connects the outer cover and the inner cover, forming a space between the inner and outer covers, providing a necessary channel for heat dissipation. The design has undergone precise calculation and simulation tests to ensure the stability and firmness of the connecting frame.

[0060] The outer cover housing 203 is the main protective layer on the outside of the wind turbine unit. The design takes into account factors such as high temperature, cold, wind and sand, rain and snow, stress, wear, and erosion. The overall housing has a proper streamlined design and an added wind and sand protection coating to effectively reduce the damage of wind and sand to the housing. The modular structure design is convenient for highway-level transportation and modular hoisting. The material between the outer cover housing 203 and the inner cover housing 204 is a heat-insulating material to isolate solar radiation heat transfer. The inner cover housing 204 is internally provided with a heat-conducting metal material to assist in channel heat dissipation.

[0061] The wind and sand filter net 302 inside the tower barrel is made of materials with corrosion resistance, wear resistance, and high strength, such as stainless steel mesh and alloy mesh.

[0062] The design of the inner shell outer cover 401 is based on the dual considerations of efficient heat dissipation and structural strength. In the sandy and barren areas with strong winds and harsh environments, wind turbines face severe operation challenges, especially the heat dissipation problem is particularly prominent. As an important part of the internal heat dissipation system of the nacelle, the inner shell outer cover 401 is designed to optimize the heat conduction path and enhance the structural stability. Metal materials with excellent thermal conductivity are used, such as aluminum alloy or stainless steel, etc. These materials not only have good thermal conductivity and can quickly transfer the heat inside the nacelle to the external environment, but also have high strength and corrosion resistance. Some inner shell outer covers 401 are designed with inner shell heat dissipation fins 403 when designed. These fins further improve the heat dissipation efficiency by increasing the surface area and optimizing the heat conduction path. The layout and size of the fins are carefully calculated and optimized to ensure the maximum heat dissipation effect within the smallest volume. By equipping safety measures such as sand and dust filtering devices, the inner shell outer cover 401 effectively prevents the erosion and damage of dust and other impurities to the internal equipment of the nacelle.

[0063] The inner shell heat dissipation fins 403 can adopt shapes including straight, corrugated, serrated, etc. The fins are closely arranged to maximize the heat dissipation area. Metal materials with excellent thermal conductivity can be used, such as copper, aluminum and their alloys, etc. These materials not only have good thermal conductivity and can quickly transfer the heat from the heat source to the fin surface, but also have certain strength and corrosion resistance.

[0064] The inner shell top exhaust fan 402 and the inner shell side wall ventilation fan 404 are equipped with high-efficiency motors to provide stable power output and ensure the long-term and high-efficiency operation of the fans. The fan blade materials are specially treated and have good corrosion resistance, and can be used for a long time without damage under harsh environments such as sandstorms.

[0065] In order to prevent dust and other impurities from entering the nacelle interior, a large amount of heat is generated inside the nacelle during the operation of the wind turbine. The inner shell top exhaust fan 402 can quickly discharge this hot air and reduce the temperature inside the nacelle. By continuously discharging the hot air and introducing the cold air, the inner shell top exhaust fan 402 promotes the air circulation inside the nacelle and enhances the heat dissipation effect. The inner shell top exhaust fan 402 adopts a sealed design to ensure air circulation while keeping the interior of the nacelle clean.

[0066] The inner shell side wall ventilation fan 404 is designed to be installed on the side wall of the inner shell of the nacelle. In order to prevent external impurities such as dust and rain from entering the nacelle interior, the inner shell side wall ventilation fan 404 has a protective cover and a sealed design. These designs help to keep the interior of the nacelle clean and dry. When the motor starts, it drives the wind blades to rotate. The rotating wind blades generate air flow and discharge the air inside the nacelle through the outlet of the ventilation fan.

[0067] The control method includes the following steps:

[0068] a) Detect the dust concentration. Determine by detecting the dust concentration in the atmosphere in real time through the dust concentration detection device 101. Determine the dust content level according to the concentration, which can be divided into low concentration, medium concentration, and high concentration determinations.

[0069] b) Activate the corresponding heat dissipation mode. For low concentration, the forced ventilation mode of the inner shell is adopted. The ventilation fan 404 on the side wall of the inner shell is fully powered on for forced large-flow positive pressure heat dissipation, and the heat dissipation fins 403 of the inner shell work simultaneously for heat dissipation. For medium concentration, the weak ventilation mode of the inner shell is adopted. Adjust the ventilation volume according to the filtration ability to ensure that there is no dust impact inside, and the heat dissipation fins 403 of the inner shell work simultaneously. For high concentration, the pure fin heat dissipation mode is adopted. The ventilation fan 404 on the side wall of the inner shell is in the disabled state, and the heat transfer capacity of the inner shell heat dissipation fins 403 on the inner side wall of the engine room is increased, and sealed fin heat transfer is carried out in all states.

[0070] c) Re-determine the operating mode after the operation cycle. After operating in the response operating mode for a period of time, the heat dissipation mode will be re-cycled and determined according to the monitored dust concentration for heat dissipation.

[0071] The activation of the corresponding heat dissipation mode can be steplessly regulated. The control algorithm is initially configured during the installation stage. The initially configured control algorithm is set by the expert experience of the big data of this model and combined with the algorithm model trained and optimized by the big data model. Subsequent products have the ability of self-learning. They can combine the temperature situation and the regulated operating state, and integrate with the SCADA data of the unit for data self-learning optimization. The optimization control is carried out with the lowest energy consumption for sand prevention as the optimization condition. The operating data between multiple units can be synchronously uploaded to the cloud, and the normal data of the wind farm can be integrated and analyzed in the cloud computing space to provide wind farm-level auxiliary support for the local algorithm optimization of a single unit.

[0072] In summary, the wind turbine heat dissipation system and control method provided by the embodiments of the present invention, by setting a dust concentration detection device, a nacelle cover outer shell heat dissipation device, a nacelle cover inner shell heat dissipation device, and a tower top heat dissipation and filtration device, according to the dust concentration value monitored by the dust concentration detection device, combined with data such as the temperature, wind speed, and operating state of the wind turbine, different heat dissipation modes are activated, and the nacelle cover outer shell heat dissipation device and the nacelle cover inner shell heat dissipation device are independently controlled for heat dissipation, and adaptive heat dissipation operation can be carried out on the environment, ensuring the heat dissipation capacity of the unit at high temperatures and improving the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0073] The above has introduced in detail the heat dissipation system and control method of the wind turbine provided by the present invention. Specific examples are used in this article to elaborate on the principle and implementation manner of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and its core idea of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can still be made to the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wind turbine cooling system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a dust concentration detection device, a nacelle cover outer shell heat dissipation device, a nacelle cover inner shell heat dissipation device, a tower top heat dissipation filtering device and a controller, wherein the dust concentration detection device is arranged on the top of the outer shell of the wind turbine set with a double shell structure, and is used to detect the dust concentration value at the location of the wind turbine set and output it to the controller, the nacelle cover inner shell heat dissipation device is arranged in the nacelle of the wind turbine set, the nacelle cover outer shell heat dissipation device is arranged on the nacelle outer shell of the wind turbine set, and the tower top heat dissipation filtering device is arranged on the top of the tower of the wind turbine set, and is used to filter the dust in the wind generated by the chimney effect at the bottom of the tower. After receiving the dust concentration value, the controller controls the nacelle cover outer shell heat dissipation device and the nacelle cover inner shell heat dissipation device to perform heat dissipation operation according to the dust concentration value and the preset heat dissipation start conditions of the nacelle cover outer shell heat dissipation device and the nacelle cover inner shell heat dissipation device. The controller determines a heat dissipation mode according to the dust content level of the dust concentration value, and the heat dissipation mode includes an inner shell forced ventilation mode corresponding to a low concentration level, an inner shell weak ventilation mode corresponding to a medium concentration level, and a pure fin heat dissipation mode corresponding to a high concentration level. The inner shell forced ventilation mode is to open the inner shell side wall ventilation fan of the wind turbine cooling system at full power to perform forced large-flow positive pressure heat dissipation and inner shell cooling fin working heat dissipation of the wind turbine cooling system. The inner shell weak ventilation mode adjusts the ventilation volume of the inner shell side wall ventilation fan according to the filtering capacity of the tower top heat dissipation filter device of the wind turbine cooling system, and controls the inner shell cooling fins to perform heat dissipation while ensuring that there is no dust inside the cabin. The pure fin heat dissipation mode controls the inner shell cooling fins to perform sealed fin heat exchange by disabling the inner shell side wall ventilation fan.

2. The wind turbine heat dissipation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat dissipation device of the nacelle cover outer shell comprises an inner and outer cover connecting frame, a forced ventilation fan between the inner and outer covers, an outer cover outer shell and an outer cover inner shell. The inner and outer cover connecting frame is used to support the outer shell of the wind turbine set and connect the outer cover of the wind turbine set with the inner cover of the wind turbine set. The forced ventilation fan between the inner and outer covers is arranged on the windward surfaces of both sides of the nacelle of the wind turbine set. The outer surface of the outer cover outer shell is provided with a wind and sand proof coating. A heat conductive metal layer is arranged inside the outer cover inner shell to assist the channel heat dissipation of the nacelle. A heat-resistant layer is arranged between the outer cover outer shell and the outer cover inner shell.

3. The wind turbine heat dissipation system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer shell of the outer cover is a heat-resistant outer shell, and the inner shell of the outer cover is a heat-resistant outer shell.

4. The wind turbine heat dissipation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat dissipation device of the inner shell of the cabin cover includes an inner shell outer cover, an inner shell top exhaust fan, an inner shell cooling fin and an inner shell side wall ventilation fan. The inner shell outer cover is provided with a second metal heat conductive layer for assisting the heat dissipation of the cabin. The inner shell top exhaust fan is arranged at the top of the heat dissipation channel in the cabin and is used to discharge the hot air in the cabin. The inner shell cooling fin is provided with multiple layers of heat conductive layers and is arranged in the cabin to achieve air convection and heat dissipation inside and outside the cabin. The inner shell side wall ventilation fan is provided with a sand filtering unit, a protective cover and a sealing structure to prevent external impurities from entering the cabin of the unit. The inner shell side wall ventilation fan is installed on the side wall of the cabin inner shell and is used to blow air into the cabin to ensure that the interior of the cabin has a slightly positive pressure state.

5. The wind turbine heat dissipation system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner shell and outer shell are made of aluminum alloy or stainless steel.

6. The wind turbine heat dissipation system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The shape of the inner shell heat dissipation fins is straight, corrugated or sawtooth.

7. The wind turbine heat dissipation system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The inner shell heat dissipation fins are copper inner shell heat dissipation fins, aluminum inner shell heat dissipation fins or copper-aluminum alloy inner shell heat dissipation fins.

8. The wind turbine heat dissipation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tower top heat dissipation and filtering device comprises a tower barrel wind and sand filter installed on the top of the tower top inner wall of the wind turbine generator set, and the tower barrel wind and sand filter is a stainless steel mesh or an alloy mesh.

9. The wind turbine heat dissipation system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: It also includes a data storage device, a parameter input device and a heat dissipation optimization device connected to the controller, the data storage device is used to store the dust concentration value obtained by the dust concentration detection device and the corresponding operating data of the nacelle cover outer shell heat dissipation device and the nacelle cover inner shell heat dissipation device, the parameter input device is used to input the operating parameters of the nacelle cover outer shell heat dissipation device and the nacelle cover inner shell heat dissipation device under different dust concentration values ​​from the outside, and the heat dissipation optimization device is used to perform data self-learning optimization after fusing the stored data in the data storage device and the structural characteristics of the nacelle cover outer shell heat dissipation device and the nacelle cover inner shell heat dissipation device according to the cabin temperature value of the wind turbine and the operating state of the controller, combined with the SCADA data of the wind turbine, so as to perform optimization control with the minimum energy consumption for sand prevention as the optimization condition, and output the optimal control strategy to the controller.

10. A method for controlling a heat dissipation system of a wind turbine generator set, characterized in that: The wind turbine heat dissipation system applied to any one of claims 1 to 9 comprises: S1, detect the dust concentration value where the wind turbine is located; S2, determining and outputting the dust content level of the dust concentration value, wherein the dust content level includes a low concentration level, a medium concentration level and a high concentration level; S3, determining a heat dissipation mode according to the dust content level of the dust concentration value, the heat dissipation mode comprising an inner shell forced ventilation mode corresponding to the low concentration level, an inner shell weak ventilation mode corresponding to the medium concentration level, and a pure fin heat dissipation mode corresponding to the high concentration level, wherein the inner shell forced ventilation mode is to open the inner shell side wall ventilation fan of the wind turbine cooling system at full power to perform forced large-flow positive pressure heat dissipation and inner shell cooling fin working heat dissipation of the wind turbine cooling system, the inner shell weak ventilation mode is to adjust the ventilation volume of the inner shell side wall ventilation fan according to the filtering capacity of the tower top cooling filter device of the wind turbine cooling system, and control the inner shell cooling fins to perform heat dissipation while ensuring that there is no dust inside the cabin, and the pure fin heat dissipation mode is to control the inner shell cooling fins to perform sealed fin heat exchange by disabling the inner shell side wall ventilation fan.

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