Ventilation and sound insulation integrated acoustic metamaterial

Abstract

The application discloses a ventilation and sound insulation integrated acoustic metamaterial, and belongs to the technical field of noise isolation. The application solves the technical problem that traditional materials have large volume and weight and cannot be applied to small working spaces when low-frequency noise is processed. The technical scheme of the application is a ventilation and sound insulation integrated acoustic metamaterial which comprises a layer plate and a ventilation and sound insulation layer. The layer plate is provided with a ventilation channel in the middle part, and the layer plate is installed at the upper end and the lower end of the ventilation and sound insulation layer. The ventilation and sound insulation layer comprises a partition plate which is perpendicular to the ventilation and sound insulation layer. The partition plate is arranged in a labyrinth type, and the partition plate and the layer plate enclose a plurality of labyrinth type sound insulation cavities. The cavity openings of the sound insulation cavities are communicated with the ventilation channel. The cross-sectional profile shape of the ventilation and sound insulation layer is a circular ring shape, and the cross-sectional profile shape of the sound insulation cavities is a fan ring shape. The application can greatly reduce the volume and mass of the structure while realizing low-frequency sound insulation, and can adjust the sound insulation frequency of the structure according to the application occasion by adjusting the parameters of the structure. The application is used for noise isolation.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a ventilation and sound insulation integrated acoustic metamaterial, belonging to the technical field of noise isolation. BACKGROUND

[0002] In modern social life, noise problems have become increasingly serious, especially in the low and medium frequency bands. This not only affects people's production work, but also is likely to have a significant impact on human health. Traditional sound insulation materials, such as thick concrete, steel plates or multi-layer composite structures, mainly rely on their mass and density to physically block the propagation of sound waves, and have a significant effect on medium and high frequency noise, but when dealing with low frequency noise, larger volume and weight material structures are often required to achieve ideal sound insulation effect, which limits their use in limited space or weight-sensitive applications. In addition, the design flexibility of traditional materials is low, and it is difficult to optimize for specific frequencies.

[0003] In summary, when dealing with low frequency noise, traditional materials have the technical problem of large volume and weight, which cannot be applied to smaller workspaces. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application is to solve the technical problem of large volume and weight of traditional materials when dealing with low frequency noise, which cannot be applied to smaller workspaces, and further provides a ventilation and sound insulation integrated acoustic metamaterial.

[0005] The technical solution of the present application is a ventilation and sound insulation integrated acoustic metamaterial, which comprises a layer plate and a ventilation and sound insulation layer.

[0006] A ventilation channel is formed in the middle of the layer plate, and the layer plate is installed at the upper end and the lower end of the ventilation and sound insulation layer.

[0007] The ventilation and sound insulation layer comprises a baffle, the baffle is perpendicular to the ventilation and sound insulation layer, the baffle is set as a labyrinth type, the baffle and the layer plate enclose a plurality of labyrinth type sound insulation cavities, and the cavity openings of the sound insulation cavities are communicated with the ventilation channel.

[0008] The cross-sectional profile shape of the ventilation and sound insulation layer is a circular ring, and the cross-sectional profile shape of the sound insulation cavity is a fan ring.

[0009] As another improvement of the present application, the baffle and the layer plate enclose four labyrinth type sound insulation cavities, the cross-sectional profile shape of the sound insulation cavity is a fan ring, and the angle of the fan ring is 90 degrees.

[0010] As another improvement of the present application, the ventilation and sound insulation layer is provided with multiple layers, and the included angle of the adjacent two ventilation and sound insulation layers in the radial direction is 45 degrees.

[0011] As another improvement of the present application, the ventilation and sound insulation layer is provided with four layers.

[0012] As another improvement of the present application, the sound insulation path of the labyrinth sound insulation cavity is arranged from outside to inside.

[0013] As another improvement of the present application, the shape of the sound insulation path is a meander shape.

[0014] As another improvement of the present application, the ventilation channel opened in the middle of the layer plate is a circular shape.

[0015] As another improvement of the present application, the sound insulation plate and the layer plate are both made of polycarbonate material.

[0016] As another improvement of the present application, the density of the polycarbonate material is ρ = 1200 kg / m3, the Poisson's ratio of the polycarbonate material is v = 0.38, and the Young's modulus of the polycarbonate material is E = 2.5 GPa.

[0017] As another improvement of the present application, the sound insulation plate and the layer plate surround a plurality of labyrinth sound insulation cavities, the number of the sound insulation cavities is an even number, and the even number of labyrinth sound insulation cavities are arranged uniformly and symmetrically.

[0018] The present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] 1. The traditional ventilation sound insulation material needs a large volume or mass to achieve low-frequency sound insulation, which cannot meet the requirements in specific situations. The ventilation sound insulation integrated acoustic metamaterial proposed in the present application can greatly reduce the volume and mass of the structure while achieving low-frequency sound insulation, and the sound insulation frequency of the structure can be adjusted according to the application situation by adjusting the parameters of the structure. The transmission loss is stable at 15 dB or more between 300-600 Hz, the bandwidth is 300 Hz, the wavelength thickness ratio is 1 / 20, and the ventilation amount is 5.67%. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a ventilation sound insulation integrated acoustic metamaterial of the present application.

[0021] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ventilation sound insulation layer.

[0022] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the layer plate.

[0023] Figure 4 is a transmission loss curve diagram of a ventilation sound insulation integrated acoustic metamaterial of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all the embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the scope of the present application. In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower" and the like are only the positional relationships based on the orientation shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application, and do not indicate or imply that the components referred to have a particular orientation, are constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation of the present application.

[0025] Specific implementation method one: combined with Figures 1 to 4 In this embodiment, the ventilation and sound insulation integrated acoustic metamaterial includes a layer plate 1 and a ventilation and sound insulation layer 2.

[0026] The ventilation passage is arranged in the middle of the layer plate 1, and the layer plate 1 is installed at the upper end and the lower end of the ventilation and sound insulation layer 2; the thickness of the layer plate 1 is 2 mm; and the height of the ventilation and sound insulation layer 2 is 15 mm.

[0027] The ventilation and sound insulation layer 2 includes a baffle, the baffle is perpendicular to the ventilation and sound insulation layer 2, the baffle is arranged in a labyrinth type, the baffle and the layer plate 1 enclose a plurality of labyrinth type sound insulation cavities, the cavity openings of the sound insulation cavities are communicated with the ventilation passage; and the thickness of the baffle is 2 mm.

[0028] The cross-sectional profile shape of the ventilation and sound insulation layer 2 is a circular ring shape, and the cross-sectional profile shape of the sound insulation cavity is a fan ring shape.

[0029] The embodiment can greatly reduce the volume and mass of the structure while realizing low-frequency sound insulation, and can adjust the sound insulation frequency of the structure according to the application occasion by adjusting the parameters of the structure. The transmission loss is stable at more than 15 dB between 300-600 Hz, the bandwidth is 300 Hz, the wavelength thickness ratio is 1 / 20, and the ventilation amount is 5.67%.

[0030] The embodiment is a new sound insulation solution based on microstructure design, which introduces a labyrinthine channel structure into the cavity-type ventilation sound insulation metamaterial by carefully designing the geometry and material combination, prolongs the original sound wave path, and greatly reduces the size of the structure while achieving the same noise reduction effect. Without increasing the volume and weight, the effective control of sound waves in a specific frequency range is achieved. The acoustic metamaterial not only has the characteristics of light weight and high efficiency, but also can accurately adjust the required sound insulation performance by adjusting its internal structure parameters, thereby providing a wider frequency coverage and higher sound insulation efficiency in a smaller space, especially suitable for low-frequency noise control. This technology provides a more flexible and customized noise management solution for modern engineering. The invention considers the design concept of a winding space and introduces a labyrinthine channel structure into the cavity-type ventilation sound insulation metamaterial to enhance its low-frequency sound insulation capability, so that the structure can effectively isolate the propagation of noise in the ventilation condition.

[0031] Specific implementation method two: combination Figures 1 to 4 The embodiment is described, and the difference between the embodiment and the specific implementation method one is that the partition plate and the layer plate 1 form four labyrinthine sound insulation cavities, and the cross-sectional profile shape of the sound insulation cavity is a fan ring shape, and the angle of the fan ring shape is 90 degrees. By such design, the middle ventilation sound insulation layer is a plane symmetric structure, and is fixedly connected with the upper layer plate. When the sound wave propagates in the middle channel, it can propagate in the air cavity along the labyrinthine channel from the four openings, so as to achieve the purpose of sound insulation, improve the sound insulation efficiency, and facilitate processing. The other components and connection modes are the same as those of the specific implementation method one.

[0032] Specific implementation method three: combination Figures 1 to 4 The embodiment is described, and the difference between the embodiment and the specific implementation method one is that the ventilation sound insulation layer 2 is provided with multiple layers, and the included angle of the adjacent two ventilation sound insulation layers 2 in the radial direction is 45 degrees. By such design, the effect is to combine the connected ventilation sound insulation layers to form a composite structure, thereby improving the sound insulation efficiency. The other components and connection modes are the same as those of the specific implementation method one or two.

[0033] Specific implementation method four: combination Figures 1 to 4 The embodiment is described, and the difference between the embodiment and the specific implementation method one is that the ventilation sound insulation layer 2 is provided with four layers. By such design, the effect is to combine the four ventilation sound insulation layers 2 to form an overall composite structure, thereby improving the sound insulation efficiency of the overall structure. The other components and connection modes are the same as those of any one of the specific implementation methods one to three.

[0034] Specific implementation method five: combination Figure 1 and Figure 2The embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the sound insulation path of the labyrinth sound insulation cavity is arranged from outside to inside. The sound insulation cavity forms a meandering space structure, improves the utilization rate of the space and the sound insulation effect, and enables the overall structure to effectively insulate the propagation of noise in the case of ventilation. The other components and connection modes are the same as any one of the first to fourth embodiments.

[0035] The sixth embodiment is combined with the first embodiment. Figures 1 to 3 The embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the shape of the sound insulation path is a meander shape. The structure is greatly reduced in volume and mass while achieving low-frequency sound insulation, and the sound insulation frequency of the structure can be adjusted according to the application site by adjusting the parameters of the structure. The other components and connection modes are the same as any one of the first to fifth embodiments.

[0036] The seventh embodiment is combined with the first embodiment. Figures 1 to 3 The embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the ventilation channel in the middle of the layer plate 1 is circular. The purpose of this design is that the smooth inner wall helps to improve the sound insulation effect. The other components and connection modes are the same as any one of the first to sixth embodiments.

[0037] The eighth embodiment is combined with the first embodiment. Figures 1 to 4 The embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the partition plate and the layer plate 1 are both made of polycarbonate material. The other components and connection modes are the same as any one of the first to seventh embodiments.

[0038] The ninth embodiment is combined with the first embodiment. Figures 1 to 4 The embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the density of the polycarbonate material is ρ=1200 kg / m3, the Poisson's ratio of the polycarbonate material is ν=0.38, and the Young's modulus of the polycarbonate material is E=2.5 GPa. The other components and connection modes are the same as any one of the first to eighth embodiments.

[0039] The tenth embodiment is combined with the first embodiment. Figures 1 to 4 The embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the partition plate and the layer plate 1 form a plurality of labyrinth sound insulation cavities, the number of sound insulation cavities is even, and the even number of labyrinth sound insulation cavities are arranged symmetrically. The purpose of this design is to improve the sound insulation effect of the overall structure. The other components and connection modes are the same as any one of the first to ninth embodiments.

[0040] The eleventh embodiment is combined with the first embodiment. Figures 1 to 4 The working principle of the present application is as follows:

[0041] By adjusting the internal structure parameters of acoustic metamaterial to accurately adjust the required sound insulation performance, the labyrinth type structure channel is introduced into the cavity type ventilation sound insulation super structure material, the original sound wave path is prolonged, so that the size of the structure can be greatly reduced under the condition of achieving the same noise reduction effect. Provide more extensive frequency coverage and higher sound insulation efficiency in smaller space, while achieving low frequency sound insulation, the volume and mass of the structure can be greatly reduced, and the sound insulation frequency of the structure can be adjusted according to the application occasion by adjusting the parameters of the structure. The transmission loss is stable at more than 15dB between 300-600Hz, the bandwidth is 300Hz, the wavelength thickness ratio is 1 / 20, and the ventilation volume is 5.67%.

[0042] The above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, but not to limit it; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing examples, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing examples can be modified, or some technical features can be replaced by equivalents; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A vented acoustically absorptive integrated acoustic metamaterial, characterized by It comprises a layer board (1) and a ventilation and sound insulation layer (2); The ventilation channel is arranged in the middle of the layer board (1), and the layer board (1) is arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the ventilation and sound insulation layer (2); The ventilation and sound insulation layer (2) comprises a baffle, the baffle is perpendicular to the ventilation and sound insulation layer (2), the baffle is arranged in a labyrinth type, the baffle and the layer board (1) form a plurality of labyrinth type sound insulation cavities, and the cavity openings of the sound insulation cavities are communicated with the ventilation channel; The cross-sectional profile shape of the ventilation and sound insulation layer (2) is a circular ring, and the cross-sectional profile shape of the sound insulation cavity is a fan ring; The baffle and the layer board (1) form four labyrinth type sound insulation cavities, the cross-sectional profile shape of the sound insulation cavity is a fan ring, and the angle of the fan ring is 90 degrees; The ventilation and sound insulation layer (2) is provided with multiple layers, and the included angle between adjacent two ventilation and sound insulation layers (2) in the radial direction is 45 degrees; The baffle and the layer board (1) are both made of polycarbonate material; The density of the polycarbonate material is 1200 kg / m3, the Poisson's ratio of the polycarbonate material is 0.38, and the Young's modulus of the polycarbonate material is 2.5 GPa; The sound insulation paths of the labyrinth type sound insulation cavities are arranged from outside to inside; The shape of the sound insulation path is a meander shape; The ventilation and sound insulation integrated acoustic metamaterial has a transmission loss of 15 dB or more between 300-600 Hz.

2. The vented and sound isolated integrated acoustic metamaterial of claim 1, wherein, The ventilation and sound insulation layer (2) is provided with four layers.

3. The vented and sound isolated integrated acoustic metamaterial of claim 1, wherein, The ventilation channel arranged in the middle of the layer board (1) is circular.

4. The vented and sound isolated integrated acoustic metamaterial of claim 1, wherein, The baffle and the layer board (1) form a plurality of labyrinth type sound insulation cavities, the number of the sound insulation cavities is even, and the even number of labyrinth type sound insulation cavities are arranged uniformly and symmetrically.

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