An engineering rock mass blasting damage imaging integrated monitoring method

Abstract

The application discloses an engineering rock mass blasting damage imaging integrated monitoring method and belongs to the technical field of rock mass fracture damage detection. The application can consider the anisotropy of the non-homogeneous material of the rock mass, fully utilize the blasting vibration signals during the blasting excavation of the engineering rock mass, detect the distribution of the internal weak surface of the rock mass by collecting and comparing the differences between the blasting stress waves received by different vibration receivers and performing three-dimensional imaging processing on the blasting stress waves. The application does not need to additionally add auxiliary equipment and does not need to be reformed, has low cost and high reliability. The application provides a technical basis for studying the corresponding relationship between the rock mass fracture damage and the blasting stress wave and can provide a technical basis for studying the characteristic analysis of the precursory features of the disaster caused by the excavation disturbance of the engineering rock mass.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of rock mass fracture damage detection, and particularly relates to an engineering rock mass blasting damage imaging integrated monitoring method. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of engineering construction, the safety and stability of rock mass are increasingly valued. The fracture damage of rock mass not only affects the safety of engineering, but also may lead to serious geological disasters. Therefore, how to effectively monitor and evaluate the weak plane distribution and damage degree inside the rock mass has become a technical problem to be solved in the field of geotechnical engineering.

[0003] Traditional rock mass monitoring techniques mainly include geological investigation, drilling sampling, ultrasonic imaging, microseismic monitoring, etc. These techniques can provide mechanical properties and internal structure information of rock mass to some extent, but often have the following shortcomings: high cost: many traditional monitoring methods require expensive equipment and technical support, resulting in high monitoring cost. Complex implementation: some methods require complex equipment installation and maintenance, increasing the difficulty of engineering construction. Poor timeliness: traditional monitoring methods have a delay in data acquisition, making it difficult to reflect the dynamic changes of rock mass in real time. Insufficient consideration of rock mass heterogeneity: most monitoring methods cannot effectively consider the anisotropy and heterogeneity of rock mass material, limiting the accuracy of monitoring results.

[0004] In recent years, blasting stress wave as a powerful tool for detecting rock mass characteristics has gradually attracted the attention of researchers. Stress waves during blasting can quickly transmit and reflect and scatter when encountering internal defects (such as cracks, cavities, etc.), thus producing rich waveform information. By analyzing these waveform information, the internal structure characteristics and potential weak plane distribution of rock mass can be inferred.

[0005] Although existing detection techniques based on blasting stress wave show good prospects in monitoring internal defects of rock mass, there are still several key problems. First, how to fully utilize the stress wave signals generated during blasting to improve the accuracy and reliability of monitoring is a key challenge; second, most existing techniques lack in-depth analysis means for collected data, making it difficult to achieve accurate imaging; finally, how to reduce equipment requirements and implementation costs to promote in wider engineering applications also needs to be solved.

[0006] In this context, the present application proposes a kind of weak plane integration monitoring and imaging method of rock mass interior based on blasting stress wave, to solve the above problems.By reasonably setting monitoring system, analyzing blasting stress wave signal, calculating energy field matrix and other steps, the three-dimensional imaging of rock mass internal structure can be effectively realized.This method not only overcomes the shortcomings of traditional monitoring technology, but also provides a new technical basis for rock mass failure damage assessment, and promotes the development of geotechnical engineering. SUMMARY

[0007] The present application aims to provide an engineering rock mass blasting damage imaging integrated monitoring method.

[0008] To solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the present application is:

[0009] An engineering rock mass blasting damage imaging integrated monitoring method, the method comprises:

[0010] S1: setting monitoring system around the mountain to be monitored, the monitoring system includes blasting system and test system;Wherein the blasting position coordinates in blasting system are set as B i (X i ,Y i ,Z i ),i=1,2,...,p;Test system includes seismometer and recorder;The coordinates of seismometer are set as A j (x j ,y j ,z j ),j=1,2,...,q;

[0011] S2: sequentially detonate the set blasting point by blasting system, and use test system to obtain the propagation time and wave velocity of explosion stress wave reaching seismometer;

[0012] S3: according to the explosion stress wave propagation data measured in step S2, calculate the energy field matrix in the mountain, and further obtain the energy density matrix;

[0013] S4: each energy density value in the energy density matrix is weighted, first, the weighted average value of energy density matrix is calculated, then the weighted energy density matrix

[0014] S5: according to the weighted energy density matrix obtained in step S4 The energy density matrix of a section is interpolated, and the imaging result formed is the three-dimensional appearance of the weak plane in rock mass.

[0015] In the process of monitoring rock mass, the energy density matrix Reflects the energy distribution from each blast point to different geophones. Each element represents the energy density at geophone A j when receiving stress waves from blast point B i . This information is valuable for identifying and locating weak planes within the rock mass.

[0016] Interpolation processing principle: The purpose of interpolation processing is to infer the values of unknown data points between known data points. Through this processing, a more continuous and smooth energy density distribution can be obtained, thus more accurately displaying the characteristics within the rock mass.

[0017] Interpolation technique selection: Various interpolation methods can be selected, such as:

[0018] Cubic spline interpolation: Approximates data points by low-degree polynomials piecewise, making the interpolation result smooth at each node.

[0019] Kriging interpolation: Provides the best linear unbiased estimate based on the spatial correlation of existing data points distribution, suitable for geological data interpolation.

[0020] Nearest neighbor interpolation, etc.: Simple and direct, suitable for preliminary analysis.

[0021] Profile selection: Select a profile, i.e., extract energy density matrix data on a certain plane. This profile can be a horizontal or vertical profile, depending on engineering needs. Profile definition: Set the definition position (e.g., a plane at a certain height) and range of the profile to determine the i and j indices covered by the energy density data to be extracted.

[0022] Interpolation calculation:

[0023] Data preparation: Extract energy density data on the selected profile

[0024] Perform interpolation:

[0025] All known data points are taken as input.

[0026] According to the selected interpolation method, calculate the interpolation value of each point on the profile.

[0027] Generate a new matrix containing the interpolated energy density values.

[0028] Generation of imaging results:

[0029] Three-dimensional visualization:

[0030] Use the interpolated energy density data to construct a three-dimensional model. This process can be achieved using three-dimensional visualization software or graphics processing tools.

[0031] The interpolation results are plotted as a three-dimensional cloud chart, representing the changes in energy density in different regions.

[0032] Low energy density areas usually correspond to weak planes within the rock mass, while high energy density areas reflect more solid materials.

[0033] Result verification: By comparing with existing geological exploration data, the accuracy of the interpolation imaging results is verified. Weak plane confirmation: Analyze the three-dimensional visualization chart to confirm and mark possible areas of geological weak planes. These areas usually show frequent low wave velocities and low energy density values.

[0034] Using the above interpolation and imaging methods, the weak planes within the rock mass can be accurately located, providing a scientific basis for subsequent engineering decision-making and design. This can play an important role in road construction, mining and other projects involving rock mass safety.

[0035] Further, in the step S2, the blasting points are sequentially detonated by the blasting system, and the explosion stress waves generated by the explosion reach the geophone from different propagation paths; let the blasting point B i The time point of the explosion is T i , i = 1, 2,..., p, and the geophone A j receives the blasting point B i The time point of the explosion stress wave generated by the explosion is t ij , j = 1, 2,..., q, and the wave velocity is c(t) ij , let the distance from the geophone A j to the blasting point B i be S ij .

[0036] Further, in the step S3, the energy of the explosion stress wave propagating from the blasting point B i to the geophone A j is The energy field matrix is Assuming the energy density is The energy density matrix is:

[0037] Further, in the step S4, first calculate the weighted average value of the energy density matrix Then calculate the weighted energy density

[0038]

[0039]

[0040] Compared with the prior art, the application has the advantages that:

[0041] The blasting stress wave-based internal weak plane integration monitoring and imaging method of the rock mass has multiple significant advantages, specifically including:

[0042] High precision: By collecting and analyzing the blasting stress wave signals received by different geophones, the distribution of internal weak planes in the rock mass can be effectively identified, providing high-resolution three-dimensional imaging results that accurately reflect the structural characteristics and potential defects of the rock mass.

[0043] Real-time monitoring: Using stress wave signals during blasting, the method can achieve real-time data collection and analysis, significantly shortening the monitoring period and improving the response speed of engineering safety management.

[0044] Low cost: The invention does not require additional complex monitoring equipment or modification of existing equipment, thereby reducing equipment investment and maintenance costs, making the rock mass monitoring method more economical and practical.

[0045] Simple implementation: The implementation process of the method is relatively simple and does not involve complex on-site layout and technical operations, making it easy to quickly apply in actual engineering and reducing interference with engineering construction.

[0046] Comprehensive consideration of heterogeneity: The invention fully considers the anisotropy and heterogeneity characteristics of rock mass materials, better reflecting the true state of the rock mass and providing scientific basis for subsequent engineering design and reinforcement.

[0047] Strong technical foundation: The invention provides a new technical path for the relationship between rock mass fracture damage and blasting stress waves, promoting in-depth research in related fields and laying a foundation for future development of more advanced monitoring technologies.

[0048] Wide applicability: The method is not only suitable for monitoring various types of engineering rock masses, but also can be widely applied in civil engineering, mining engineering, tunnel construction and other fields related to rock mass, with good application prospects.

[0049] In summary, the advantages of the invention make it unique in the field of geotechnical engineering monitoring, and it is an important tool for realizing rock mass safety management and risk control. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0050] Figure 1 The main flowchart of the engineering rock mass blasting damage imaging integrated monitoring method of the invention;

[0051] Figure 2, specific setting method of the monitoring system (a-right, b-left, c-perspective);

[0052] Figure 3, explosion stress wave generated by explosion;

[0053] Figure 4 , schematic diagram of propagation of blasting stress wave;

[0054] Figure 5 , schematic diagram of blasting point and stress wave collection sensor position;

[0055] Figure 6 , stress wave velocity inversion. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] The specific embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with examples:

[0057] It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in the present specification are only used to cooperate with the content disclosed in the specification, so that people skilled in the art can understand and read, and are not used to limit the conditions that can be implemented by the present application. Any modification of structure, change of proportion relationship or adjustment of size, which does not affect the effect and purpose that can be achieved by the present application, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed by the present application.

[0058] At the same time, the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" referred to in the present specification are only for the convenience of clear description, and are not used to limit the scope of the present application. The change or adjustment of the relative relationship does not substantially change the technical content.

[0059] Example 1:

[0060] The present application discloses a kind of weak plane integration monitoring and imaging method in rock mass interior based on blasting stress wave, belong to rock mass fracture damage detection technical field.The present application can consider the anisotropy of rock mass heterogeneous material, fully utilize the blasting vibration signal when engineering rock mass is blasted and excavated, the difference between the blasting stress wave received by different vibration pick-ups is collected and compared, the blasting stress wave is processed by three-dimensional imaging, and the distribution of weak plane in rock mass is detected.The present application does not need to add auxiliary equipment, does not need to carry out equipment modification, realizes low cost, and strong reliability.The present application provides technical basis for studying the corresponding relationship between rock mass fracture damage and blasting stress wave, and can provide technical basis for studying the precursory characteristic analysis of disaster caused by engineering rock mass excavation disturbance.The present application provides a kind of engineering rock mass blasting damage imaging integrated monitoring method, as shown in Figure Figure 1 It includes the following steps S1-S4:

[0061] S1, monitoring system is arranged around the mountain to be monitored.

[0062] In the embodiment of the present application, the monitoring system is composed of a blasting system and a test system. The blasting position coordinates in the blasting system are set as Bi (X i ,Y i Z i The test system consists of a seismic sensor and a recorder. The coordinates of the seismic sensor are set as A. j (x j ,y j ,z j ), j=1,2,...,q. The specific setup of the monitoring system is shown in Figure 2. The number of seismic sensors should be as large as possible, where conditions permit. The more seismic sensors there are, the more known data are provided, and the more accurate the imaging results.

[0063] S2. The blasting points are detonated sequentially using the blasting system, and the wave velocity and propagation time of the blast stress wave are obtained using the testing system.

[0064] By sequentially detonating the detonation points using a blasting system, the resulting blast stress waves reach the shock pickup (e.g., [missing information]) via different propagation paths. Figure 3 (As shown). Let the blasting point B in the mountain be... i The explosion occurred at time T. i i = 1, 2, ..., p, vibration pickup A j Received detonation point B i The time point of the explosion stress wave generated by the explosion is t. ij j = 1, 2, ..., q, wave velocity is c(t)ij (e.g. Figure 4 Let the vibration pickup A be... j To the blast point B i The distance is S ij .

[0065] S3. Calculate the energy field matrix inside the mountain based on the measured data, and further obtain the energy density matrix.

[0066] From blast point B i propagation to seismic pickup A j The energy of the explosion stress wave is The energy field matrix is Assuming energy density is The energy density matrix is:

[0067] S4. Weight each energy density value in the energy density matrix, first calculating the weighted average value of the energy density matrix. Then calculate the weighted energy density.

[0068]

[0069]

[0070] S5, in the propagation process of the explosion stress wave, due to different damage degrees inside the rock, the wave attenuation is different, when encountering cracks and other defects, the wave speed on the straight line path is reduced. The energy density is the envelope area of the explosion stress wave waveform, and the reduction of wave speed leads to the reduction of energy density.

[0071] S6, according to the weighted energy density matrix obtained above , first, the energy density matrix of a section is interpolated to form an image, and the imaging result is the three-dimensional appearance of the weak plane inside the rock mass.

[0072] Example 2:

[0073] This embodiment 2 is applied to embodiment 1, and a specific example is: when an airport builds a runway for taking off, it is found that there are many geological weak planes in the runway foundation, and the existence of the geological weak plane will seriously affect the flatness of the runway. In order to effectively detect the distribution of geological bodies, stress waves are excited by fixed-point blasting, and sensors are arranged at multiple positions to collect stress waves. According to the different nature of the wave speed of the geological weak plane and the rock mass, the wave shape and wave speed of the stress wave at different positions are collected. Through the way of cubic spline interpolation processing, the wave speed three-dimensional cloud chart of the runway influence area of the airport is formed. The three-dimensional geological weak plane distribution of the foundation is inverted.

[0074] Figure 6 shown is a #500 geological section diagram, table 1 is the position coordinates of the blasting stress wave collector and the position coordinates of the blasting point. Table 2 is the corresponding speed information. The geological weak plane distribution cloud chart of #500 is shown in Figure 6 . By comparing the geological weak plane marked in Figure 5 and the wave speed distribution cloud chart of Figure 6 , it can be seen that Figure 5 , the wave speed cloud chart at the marked geological weak plane also shows low-speed distribution Figure 6 . In the future, the relative position of the weak plane can be further circled by increasing the blasting point, and the accurate positioning of the weak plane is achieved, so as to provide the coordinate information of the weak plane for the runway foundation treatment.

[0075] Table 1-Coordinate statistics table

[0076]

[0077] Table 2-Statistics table of blasting stress wave speed corresponding to different blasting points

[0078]

[0079]

[0080] The preferred embodiments of the present application have been described in detail above, but the present application is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present application.

[0081] Many other changes and modifications can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the concept and scope of the present application. It should be understood that the present application is not limited to a particular embodiment, and the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An integrated monitoring method for imaging blasting damage of an engineering rock mass, characterized in that, The method comprises: S1: setting a monitoring system around a mountain to be monitored, the monitoring system comprising a blasting system and a testing system; wherein the blasting position coordinates in the blasting system are set as B i (X i , Y i , Z i ), i=1,2,..., p; the testing system comprises a seismometer and a recorder; the seismometer coordinates are set as A j (x j , y j , z j ),j=1,2,..., q; S2: sequentially detonate the set blasting points by the blasting system, and acquire the propagation time and wave velocity of the explosion stress wave reaching the geophone by the testing system; S3: calculate the energy field matrix inside the mountain according to the explosion stress wave propagation data measured in step S2, and further obtain the energy density matrix; S4: weighting each energy density value in the energy density matrix, first, calculating the weighted average value of the energy density matrix, then obtaining the weighted energy density matrix ; S5: the weighted energy density matrix obtained according to step S4 The imaging result formed by the interpolation processing of the energy density matrix of one section is the three-dimensional display of the weak surface in the rock mass. In the step S2, the blasting points are sequentially detonated by the blasting system, and the explosion stress waves generated by the explosion reach the geophone from different propagation paths; assuming that the blasting point B i in the mountain is i , i=1, 2,..., p, and the time point at which the geophone A j receives the explosion stress wave generated by the explosion of the blasting point B i is t ij , j=1, 2,..., q, and the wave velocity is , assuming that the distance from the geophone A j to the blasting point B i is S ij ; In the step S3, the explosion stress wave propagating to the geophone A from the blast point B i has an energy of j , an energy field matrix of , an energy density of , and an energy density matrix of ; and ; In the step S4, first a weighted average of the energy density matrix is calculated and then the weighted energy density is calculated ; ； 。

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