A single cell explosion test device

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of battery cell experimental detection, and specifically is a single battery cell explosion relief test device, comprising a test bench, a fixed buffer component, a test box, a PLC control module and a gas charging module. The single battery cell to be tested is placed on the test bench, fixedly limited by the fixed buffer component, and the PLC control module starts the gas charging module to perform a gas charging explosion relief test on the single battery cell, detects the performance of the explosion relief valve on the single battery cell, and feeds back the experimental data to a control body of the PLC control module; the present invention improves the ease of operation of the single battery cell explosion relief test and makes the experimental results more intuitive by arranging a touch screen on the control body of the PLC control module carried on the control body, and the control system of the touch screen is used to realize system test parameter setting functions and system test collection data upload curve display, data report Excel format export functions, etc.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of battery cell experimental detection, in particular to a single battery cell explosion relief test device. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing attention paid to environmental protection and sustainable development around the world, new energy vehicles and other fields have developed rapidly. As one of the core components of new energy vehicles, the performance and safety of lithium-ion batteries are of vital importance. During the use of lithium-ion batteries, the internal pressure may increase sharply due to various reasons, such as overcharging, over-discharging, short circuit, high temperature, etc. At this time, the single cell may explode. In order to ensure the safety of lithium-ion batteries, it is necessary to conduct in-depth research on the explosion-proof characteristics of single cells, which requires a special single cell explosion-proof test device.

[0003] The explosion-proof characteristics of a single cell are affected by many factors, such as the cell's material, structure, manufacturing process, and usage conditions. In order to improve the safety and performance of lithium-ion batteries, it is necessary to conduct in-depth research on the explosion-proof mechanism of single cells and explore new safety technologies and solutions. This requires the use of advanced single cell explosion-proof test equipment to conduct systematic testing and analysis of different types of single cells to provide data support for technical research and innovation.

[0004] Limitations of existing testing methods: The safety test of single cells mainly adopts some traditional methods, such as needle puncture test, extrusion test, etc. Although these methods can reflect the safety of single cells to a certain extent, they have limitations such as single test conditions, poor repeatability, difficulty in accurately simulating actual usage, and the experimental results are not intuitive enough, requiring manual calculation and analysis. In addition, during the experiment, the explosion that may occur during the explosion venting test of single cells can easily cause the shell of the single cell to burst and fragments to scatter, damaging nearby sensors and causing difficulties in subsequent cleaning. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to make up for the deficiencies of the prior art and solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention proposes a single cell explosion relief test device.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is as follows: the present invention proposes a single cell explosion relief test device, comprising a test bench, a fixed buffer component, a test box, a PLC control module and an inflation module. The single cell to be tested is placed on the test bench and fixedly limited by the fixed buffer component; the test bench is located inside the test box, and the inflation module is started by the PLC control module to perform an inflation explosion relief test on the single cell, and the performance of the explosion relief valve on the single cell is detected, and the experimental data is fed back to the control body of the PLC control module through sensors distributed on the test bench;

[0007] The fixed buffer assembly comprises a test box body, which is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the experimental table, and a limiting sleeve is symmetrically arranged in the test cavity inside the test box body, the single cell to be tested is located between the limiting sleeves on both sides, and the ends of both sides of the single cell to be tested are slidably embedded in the limiting sleeves;

[0008] The connecting rod on the limiting sleeve is slidably embedded in the buffer cylinder arranged on the inner wall of the test cavity, and the end of the connecting rod is connected to the inner wall of the buffer cylinder through an elastic member;

[0009] The inflation module extends into the test cavity through the connection port on the top of the test box body through the inflation tube, and communicates with the interior of the single battery cell to be tested; the test cavity is also connected to the fire-fighting facilities, and the fire-fighting extinguishing medium is input in case of internal explosion and fire to ensure the safety of the experiment.

[0010] Preferably, the PLC control module supports EtherCAT bus control and RS485 functions, and realizes multi-level network communication through RS485 and EtherCAT interfaces.

[0011] Preferably, a touch screen is provided on the control body of the PLC control module, and the touch screen adopts Weiluntong cMT2079X. The control system of the touch screen is used to realize the system test parameter setting function and the system test collection data upload curve display.

[0012] Preferably, a buffer groove is arranged at the position of the inner wall of the limit sleeve facing the end of the single cell to be tested, a plurality of accommodating openings are evenly arranged on the inner wall of the buffer groove, the explosion relief valve of the single cell to be tested is located in the accommodating opening, and a closing cap is slidably arranged at the opening of the accommodating opening, and a mounting opening is arranged on the side wall of the accommodating opening;

[0013] The experimental table is provided with a safety cavity at the lower side of the test cavity, the safety cavity is communicated with the fire-fighting facilities, and the interior of the safety cavity is filled with fire-fighting medium. Through holes are evenly arranged on the top of the safety cavity, and the through holes are communicated with the bottom of the test cavity.

[0014] Preferably, a limiting ring is provided on one side of the closing cap close to the receiving opening, and pressure relief holes are evenly arranged on the side wall of the limiting ring, and the limiting ring is slidably embedded in the receiving opening and in sliding contact with the inner wall of the receiving opening;

[0015] The connecting rod is located in the middle of the closing cap, and a guide hole is provided in the middle of the closing cap, and the guide hole extends through the connecting rod and extends into the interior of the buffer cylinder;

[0016] A flow guide tube is arranged in the side wall of the test cavity, one end of the flow guide tube is communicated with the interior of the buffer cylinder, and the other end of the flow guide tube is communicated with the safety cavity.

[0017] Preferably, protective rods are evenly arranged on the opposite ends of the limit sleeves on both sides, one end of the protective rod slides through the mounting hole arranged on the side wall of the limit sleeve and is connected to the push ring arranged inside the test cavity, and the push ring is connected to the telescopic device on the inner wall of the test cavity;

[0018] On the protective rods on both sides, a fixing hole is set at the end of the protective rod on one side, and a fixing rod is set at the end of the protective rod on the other side. The fixing rod is slidably embedded in the fixing hole, so that the protective rods on both sides are combined to surround the middle single cell to be tested.

[0019] Preferably, the push ring is hollow inside to form a charging chamber, the charging chamber is connected to the safety chamber through a safety tube, the protection rod is a tubular structure, and the protection rod is evenly provided with safety holes at the position facing the single battery cell to be tested.

[0020] Preferably, the inner wall of the limiting sleeve is evenly provided with guide grooves, the guide grooves extend in a ring shape around the single battery cell to be tested, and the guide grooves are communicated with the mounting hole.

[0021] Preferably, the protection rod is obtained by connecting a plurality of sections of combined rods, and a connecting section is provided between adjacent combined rods, wherein the connecting section includes an inner metal hose and an outer hardened layer.

[0022] Preferably, the metal hose is a mesh structure, and a layer of release agent is applied in the gap between the metal hose and the hardened layer.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0024] The single cell explosion relief test device of the present invention is provided with a touch screen on the control body of the PLC control module mounted on the control body, the touch screen adopts Weiluntong cMT2079X, and the control system of the touch screen is used to realize the system test parameter setting function and the system test collection data upload curve display, data report Excel format export function, etc. The test system sends data to the PLC control module, and it can also receive and execute commands sent by the PLC, which improves the ease of operation of the single cell explosion relief experiment and makes the experimental results more intuitive. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0026] Figure 1 is a stereogram of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the interior of the experimental box of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of the test box body of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of the middle A;

[0030] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the limiting sleeve in the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the limiting sleeve in the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 It is a partial cross-sectional view of the protection rod in the present invention.

[0033] In the figure: experimental table 1, safety cavity 11, through hole 12, fixed buffer component 2, test box body 21, connecting port 211, test cavity 22, limiting sleeve 23, connecting rod 231, buffer groove 232, mounting hole 233, guide groove 234, buffer cylinder 24, accommodating port 25, closing cap 251, mounting port 252, limiting ring 253, pressure relief hole 254, guide hole 255, guide tube 256, protective rod 26, fixing hole 261, fixing rod 262, combination rod 263, metal hose 264, hardening layer 265, pushing ring 27, charging cavity 271, safety tube 272, safety hole 273, experimental box body 3, PLC control module 4, charging module 5, single cell 6. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] Embodiment 1:

[0036] In order to effectively solve the above problems, as shown in the accompanying drawings of the specification Figure 1-Figure 7 As shown, a single cell explosion relief test device includes a test bench 1, a fixed buffer component 2, a test box 3, a PLC control module 4 and an inflation module 5. The single cell 6 to be tested is placed on the test bench 1 and fixedly limited by the fixed buffer component 2. In order to ensure the safety of the experiment, the test box 3 can adopt a bulletproof fully enclosed box structure commonly used in existing explosion relief experiments. The drawings of this application only show its frame structure, and it can be flexibly selected according to actual conditions during specific experiments.

[0037] The test bench 1 is located inside the test box 3. The PLC control module 4 starts the inflation module 5 to perform an inflation explosion relief experiment on the single battery cell 6 to detect the performance of the explosion relief valve on the single battery cell 6. The test data is fed back to the control body of the PLC control module 4 through the detection sensors distributed on the test bench 1. The detection sensors used include air pressure sensors, temperature sensors and other sensors commonly used in explosion relief experiments;

[0038] The fixed buffer assembly 2 includes a test box body 21, which is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the test bench 1, and a limit sleeve 23 is symmetrically arranged in a test cavity 22 inside the test box body 21, and the single cell 6 to be tested is located between the limit sleeves 23 on both sides, and the ends of both sides of the single cell 6 to be tested are slidably embedded in the limit sleeves 23;

[0039] The connecting rod 231 on the limiting sleeve 23 is slidably embedded in the buffer cylinder 24 provided on the inner wall of the test cavity 22, and the end of the connecting rod 231 is connected to the inner wall of the buffer cylinder 24 through an elastic member, and the elastic member here can be a spring;

[0040] The inflation module 5 extends into the test cavity 22 through the connection port 211 on the top of the test box body 21 through the inflation tube, and communicates with the interior of the single battery cell 6 to be tested; the test cavity 22 is also connected to the gas fire-fighting facilities in the laboratory, and the fire-fighting medium is input in case of internal explosion and fire to ensure the safety of the experiment.

[0041] The PLC control module 4 supports EtherCAT bus control and RS485 functions, and realizes multi-level network communication through RS485 and EtherCAT interfaces.

[0042] Specific workflow: When it is necessary to test the explosion relief valve performance of the lithium battery, the explosion relief test can be performed on the single cell 6 of the lithium battery through the experimental device of the present application; first, the single cell 6 is fixed to the experimental table 1 inside the experimental box 3, specifically, the test box body 21 is opened, and the single cell 6 to be tested is moved between the limited sleeves 23 pulled open on both sides, and then the limited sleeves 23 are released so that the limited sleeves 23 on both sides are close to and nested on the two side ends of the single cell 6 under the action of the connected elastic members, so as to achieve fixed positioning of the single cell 6, so that the single cell 6 is suspended and fixed inside the test box body 21, and a gap is maintained between the single cell 6 and the inner wall of the test box body 21, so that it is convenient to evenly set the detection sensor on the inner wall of the test box body 21, so as to test the sealing state of each part of the single cell 6;

[0043] The inflation tube of the inflation module 5 is extended into the test cavity 22 through the connection port 211 on the top of the test box body 21, and communicated with the inside of the single battery cell 6. Then, the external pipeline of the inflation module 5 is connected. Under the action of the controller, the gas source can be used to inflate the inside of the single battery cell 6 along the inflation tube, so as to test the internal explosion relief performance of the single battery cell 6.

[0044] In the specific test process, the control body in the PLC control module 4 is started, and the test software carried by the control body is used to realize the pressurization test of 0.02Mpa / s and the maximum pressure of 1.2Mpa. When the pressure value reaches the preset pressure value or the pressure of the explosion relief valve is attenuated, the test is exited; and the pressure value recorded by the sensor in the pipeline and the data detected by the sensor inside the test chamber 22 are synchronously uploaded to the display interface, which is convenient for the test personnel to understand and record;

[0045] In this process, because the control body of the PLC control module 4 carried on the control body is provided with a touch screen, the touch screen adopts Weiluntong cMT2079X, and the control system of the touch screen is used to realize the system test parameter setting function and the system test collection data upload curve display, data report Excel format export function, etc. The test system sends data to the PLC control module 4, which can also receive and execute the command sent by the PLC, which improves the ease of operation of the single cell 6 explosion relief experiment and makes the experimental results more intuitive;

[0046] Furthermore, in view of the explosion that may occur during the explosion-proof experiment of the single battery cell 6, in order to avoid the explosion of the single battery cell 6 as a whole and the splashing of fragments, damage to the sensor inside the test cavity 22, and difficulty in subsequent cleaning; therefore, the limiting sleeves 23 on both sides are provided, which are nested on both sides of the single battery cell 6, and the impact kinetic energy generated by the inflation explosion of the single battery cell 6 is absorbed by the connected limiting sleeves 23 and acts on the connected elastic member;

[0047] The stress deformation of the elastic part absorbs part of the impact kinetic energy, and the wrapping and limiting effect of the limiting sleeve 23 prompts the single battery cell 6 to maintain its shape during the explosion process, limiting the splashing of fragments; for possible combustion accidents, the type of compressed air introduced can be set to nitrogen, and the inside of the test chamber 22 is connected to the fire-fighting facilities in the laboratory. After the sensor detects the high temperature inside, the fire-fighting medium can be filled in time, such as water-based fire-fighting water, or high-concentration carbon dioxide fire-extinguishing gas, etc.; after the power supply inside the test chamber is immediately cut off, the water-based fire-fighting medium can be sent into the test chamber 22 to cover the surface of the single battery cell 6, reduce the temperature, and dilute the electrolyte that may leak, and the continuously flowing nitrogen dilutes the combustion-supporting oxygen inside the test chamber 22, thereby preventing the fire from spreading, so that the explosion fragments and flames that may be produced by the single battery cell 6 are all confined to the inside of the test chamber 22, limiting the expansion of the hazard.

[0048] Embodiment 2:

[0049] On the basis of the first embodiment, a buffer groove 232 is arranged on the inner wall of the limiting sleeve 23 at the end of the single cell 6 to be tested, and a plurality of accommodating openings 25 are evenly arranged on the inner wall of the buffer groove 232. The explosion relief valve of the single cell 6 to be tested is located in the accommodating opening 25, and a closing cap 251 is slidably arranged at the opening of the accommodating opening 25, and a mounting opening 252 is arranged on the side wall of the accommodating opening 25;

[0050] A safety chamber 11 is provided at the lower side of the test chamber 22 of the test bench 1. The safety chamber 11 is communicated with the fire-fighting facilities and is filled with fire-fighting medium. Through holes 12 are evenly provided on the top of the safety chamber 11 and are communicated with the bottom of the test chamber 22.

[0051] Specific workflow: On the basis of the specific workflow in the first embodiment, the limiting sleeve 23 corresponds to the shape of the rectangular structure of the single battery cell 6, and is a square hollow structure. The end of the single battery cell 6 is embedded in the limiting sleeve 23, and the explosion relief valve on the single battery cell 6 and the inflation position connected to the inflation tube are both located in the accommodating port 25. In this way, in the inflation test experiment, when the air pressure exceeds the tolerance limit of the explosion relief valve and an explosion occurs, causing the gas to rush out from the position of the explosion relief valve, the impact direction on the single battery cell 6 is parallel to the pressure buffer movement direction of the limiting sleeve 23, so that the elastic member connected to the limiting sleeve 23 can fully absorb the kinetic energy generated by the explosion of the single battery cell 6, reduce the impact between the single battery cell 6 and the limiting sleeve 23, thereby reducing the degree of damage to the single battery cell 6 from the explosion, and facilitating the subsequent research and analysis of the relatively intact single battery cell 6 after the explosion;

[0052] The buffer groove 232 enlarges the gap between the end of the single battery cell 6 to be tested and the test cavity 22, and the accommodating port 25 is located on the inner wall of the buffer groove 232, so the explosion relief valve and the inflation position of the inflation pipe on the single battery cell 6 to be tested are both located at the corresponding position of the buffer groove 232. When the single battery cell 6 is inflated and has an explosion tendency, the expanded shell fills the buffer groove 232, providing deformation margin for the volume increase of the single battery cell 6, reducing the direct impact between the single battery cell 6 and the inner wall of the limiting sleeve 23, so that the explosion deformation of the single battery cell 6 is buffered;

[0053] Furthermore, because a closing cap 251 is slidably provided on the receiving port 25, the air released during the explosion quickly flows out through the receiving port 25 to impact the closing cap 251 to make it slide, and after the receiving port 25 is opened, the explosion air is prompted to flow out, thereby reducing the air pressure impact between the single battery cell 6 and the limiting sleeve 23, and even if a flame accident occurs due to the explosion, the firefighting medium flowing into the test cavity 22 can contact the shell surface of the single battery cell 6 located inside the limiting sleeve 23 through the receiving port 25, and concentrate on the location of the explosion relief valve, thereby improving the utilization efficiency of the firefighting medium, more efficiently realizing the control of the experimental accident of the single battery cell 6, and reducing the difficulty of subsequent cleaning;

[0054] Because the safety chamber 11 is located at the lower side of the test chamber 22, the explosion generates flames and high-temperature air, which causes the air pressure inside the test chamber 22 to increase. Therefore, after the control valve arranged inside the through hole 12 is opened, the safety chamber 11 and the test chamber 22 are connected, so that the high-temperature explosion airflow and flame generated can directly enter the safety chamber 11 at the bottom through the through hole 12, and then mix into the fire-fighting medium filled inside, thereby achieving safe cooling, reducing the risk of flame overflow, and ensuring the safe conduct of the experiment.

[0055] Embodiment three:

[0056] On the basis of the second embodiment, a limiting ring 253 is provided on the side of the closing cap 251 close to the receiving opening 25, and pressure relief holes 254 are evenly provided on the side wall of the limiting ring 253, and the limiting ring 253 is slidably embedded in the receiving opening 25 and in sliding contact with the inner wall of the receiving opening 25;

[0057] The connecting rod 231 is located in the middle of the closing cap 251, and a guide hole 255 is provided in the middle of the closing cap 251. The guide hole 255 extends through the connecting rod 231 and extends into the interior of the buffer cylinder 24.

[0058] A flow guide tube 256 is provided in the side wall of the test chamber 22. The flow guide tube 256 and other pipeline structures designed in the present application can adopt a high-temperature resistant metal telescopic hose structure as needed, and one end of the flow guide tube 256 is connected to the inside of the buffer cylinder 24, and the other end is connected to the safety chamber 11.

[0059] Specific work flow: Based on the specific work flow in the second embodiment, when the explosion-proof experiment of the single cell 6 inside the test cavity 22 causes high-temperature air to overflow, and when the shell of the single cell 6 expands and explodes, the limiting sleeves 23 nested on the ends of both sides of the single cell 6 are pushed to make it retreat and squeeze the connected elastic member to deform it, thereby absorbing the energy of the deformation of the shell of the single cell 6; at the same time, the high-temperature air flows through the communicating accommodating port 25 to impact the closing cap 251, causing the closing cap 251 to slide along the inner wall of the accommodating port 25, and push the connected connecting rod 231, further causing the elastic member inside the buffer cylinder 24 to be compressed and deformed, thereby absorbing the impact kinetic energy of the high-temperature air explosion, and reducing the hazards of the experimental accident of the single cell 6;

[0060] Furthermore, as the closing cap 251 slides back, the portion on the limiting ring 253 where the pressure relief hole 254 is provided is exposed, so that part of the high-temperature air generated by the explosion flows out through the pressure relief hole 254, and part of the high-temperature air flows into the buffer cylinder 24 through the guide hole 255 provided in the middle portion of the closing cap 251, and then flows into the safety cavity 11 along the guide pipe 256, and is mixed with the fire-fighting medium in the safety cavity 11; this effectively disperses the impact of the surrounding air after the explosion, reduces the direct impact damage to the limiting sleeve 23, and reduces the damage to components such as the shell of the single battery cell 6 and the limiting sleeve 23.

[0061] Embodiment 4:

[0062] On the basis of the third embodiment, protective rods 26 are evenly arranged on the opposite ends of the limiting sleeves 23 on both sides, one end of the protective rod 26 slides through the mounting hole 233 provided on the side wall of the limiting sleeve 23 and is connected to the push ring 27 provided inside the test cavity 22, and the push ring 27 is connected to the telescopic device on the inner wall of the test cavity 22, and the telescopic device here can be an electric telescopic device;

[0063] A fixing hole 261 is provided at one end of the protection rod 26 , and a fixing rod 262 is provided at the other end of the protection rod 26 . The fixing rod 262 is slidably embedded in the fixing hole 261 , so that the protection rods 26 on both sides are combined to surround the middle single cell 6 to be tested.

[0064] Specific workflow: Based on the specific workflow in Example 3, in order to protect other parts of the single battery cell 6 except the end explosion relief valve and reduce the problem of damage expansion caused by the overflow of explosion fragments, after the limiting sleeves 23 on both sides realize the wrapping and limiting fixation of the two sides of the single battery cell 6, the telescopic device is started, thereby driving the pushing rings 27 on both sides to approach each other, so that the ends of the protective rods 26 on the pushing rings 27 on both sides are close to each other, and the fixing rod 262 on one side of the protective rod 26 is embedded in the fixing hole 261 on the other side of the protective rod 26, so as to achieve the stable combination of the protective rods 26 on both sides, so as to surround the middle single battery cell 6 The annular protective rods 26 cooperate with the limiting sleeves 23 on both sides to present a cage-like structure, which more comprehensively surrounds the middle single battery cell 6 and limits and fixes it; in this way, when the single battery cell 6 is inflated, the surrounding and contacting protective rods 26 suppress the deformation of the shell of the single battery cell 6, and when the single battery cell 6 expands and explodes, the shell of the single battery cell 6 with a tendency to break is locked in the middle area of ​​the protective rods 26, so that the fragments generated after the explosion are intercepted in the area surrounded by the protective rods 26, thereby reducing the situation where the fragments overflow and hit the inside of the test cavity 22, and reducing the probability of damage to the inner wall of the test cavity 22 and the detection sensor.

[0065] Embodiment five:

[0066] On the basis of the fourth embodiment, the interior of the push ring 27 is hollow to form a charging chamber 271, the charging chamber 271 is connected to the safety chamber 11 through the safety tube 272, the protective rod 26 is a tubular structure, and the protective rod 26 is evenly provided with safety holes 273 for the position of the single battery cell 6 to be tested; the inner wall of the limiting sleeve 23 is evenly provided with guide grooves 234, the guide grooves 234 extend in a ring shape around the single battery cell 6 to be tested, and the guide grooves 234 are connected to the mounting hole 233.

[0067] Specific workflow: Based on the specific workflow in Example 4, the safety cavity 11 is connected to the fire-fighting medium supply system in the fire-fighting facility. In this way, when the temperature inside the test cavity 22 is too high and there is a fire safety risk, the fire-fighting medium is injected into the safety cavity 11 through the fire-fighting medium supply system, and then the fire-fighting medium is filled into the charging cavity 271 inside the push ring 27 along the safety tube 272 through the air pump device inside the safety tube 272, and then flows along the hollow area inside the connected protective rod 26, along the inside of the protective rod 26, and passes through the surface of the protective rod 26 facing the monomer electric Firefighting medium flows out from the safety hole 273 set at the core 6. Because the protective rod 26 is close to the outer surface of the single battery cell 6, the evenly flowing firefighting medium contacts the surface of the single battery cell 6, and is evenly coated on the outer surface of the shell of the single battery cell 6 in the gap between the firefighting medium and the surface of the single battery cell 6, so that the single battery cell 6 is fully in contact with the firefighting medium. The firefighting medium evenly coated on the outer shell of the single battery cell 6 can fully absorb the heat of the single battery cell 6, reducing the possibility of the outer shell of the single battery cell 6 bursting, so that the outer shell of the single battery cell 6 remains roughly intact after the test, which is convenient for subsequent research and analysis.

[0068] Embodiment six:

[0069] On the basis of the fifth embodiment, the protection rod 26 is obtained by connecting multiple sections of combined rods 263 , and a connecting section is provided between adjacent combined rods 263 , and the connecting section includes an inner metal hose 264 and an outer hardened layer 265 .

[0070] Specific workflow: Based on the specific workflow in Example 5, when the single cell 6 surrounded by the protective rod 26 explodes, the impact of the explosion is transmitted to the protective rod 26. Because the protective rod 26 is obtained by a plurality of connected combined rods 263, the impact causes the hardened layer 265 at the joint between the combined rods 263 to break, absorbing the explosion impact energy. At the same time, the metal hose 264 located on the inner side maintains the connection between the adjacent combined rods 263. In this way, the protective rod 26 after the hardened layer 265 is broken presents a multi-segment whip-like structure, which can still surround and intercept the shell fragments of the single cell 6 in the middle while absorbing the explosion impact, and prevent the shell fragments generated by the explosion from splashing and causing the damage to expand; and the fracture of the connection part of the combined rod 263 caused by the explosion can also absorb the explosion energy, and the middle combined rod 263 and the metal hose 264 are protected by sacrificing the hardened layer 265, and the originally rigidly connected combined rod 263 is transformed into an elastic connection, which enhances the ability to improve impact vibration, and does not affect the limiting protection of the shell of the single cell 6 surrounded in the middle, so that the shell of the single cell 6 is kept intact during the test, thereby providing more inspection test data;

[0071] Furthermore, the metal hose 264 is set to a mesh structure, which can be obtained by weaving elastic metal wires or by uniformly punching holes on the surface of the metal hose, and a layer of release agent is applied to the gap between the metal hose 264 and the hardened layer 265; in this way, the hardened layer 265 can be smoothly peeled off after it breaks, and the adhesion to the outer surface of the metal hose 264 is released, so that the fire-fighting medium can smoothly flow out of the metal hose 264 with a mesh structure and contact with the outer shell of the single battery cell 6. On the one hand, the metal hose 264 is cooled to ensure the connection stability. On the other hand, the fire-fighting medium that penetrates and flows out of the metal hose 264 covers the surface of the outer shell of the single battery cell 6, thereby improving the inhibitory effect on the explosion of the outer shell of the single battery cell 6.

[0072] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A single cell explosion relief test device, comprising a test bench (1), a fixed buffer component (2), a test box (3), a PLC control module (4) and an inflation module (5); a single cell (6) to be tested is placed on the test bench (1) and fixedly limited by the fixed buffer component (2); the test bench (1) is located inside the test box (3); the inflation module (5) is activated by the PLC control module (4) to perform an inflation explosion relief test on the single cell (6); the performance of the explosion relief valve on the single cell (6) is detected; and the experimental data is fed back to the control body of the PLC control module (4) through sensors distributed on the test bench (1); Features: The fixed buffer assembly (2) comprises a test box body (21), the test box body (21) is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the test bench (1), and a limit sleeve (23) is symmetrically arranged in a test cavity (22) inside the test box body (21), the single cell (6) to be tested is located between the limit sleeves (23) on both sides, and the end portions of both sides of the single cell (6) to be tested are slidably embedded in the limit sleeves (23); The connecting rod (231) on the limiting sleeve (23) is slidably embedded in the interior of a buffer cylinder (24) provided on the inner wall of the test cavity (22), and the end of the connecting rod (231) is connected to the inner wall of the buffer cylinder (24) via an elastic member; The inflation module (5) extends into the interior of the test cavity (22) through an inflation tube through a connection port (211) at the top of the test box body (21), and communicates with the interior of the single battery cell (6) to be tested; the test cavity (22) is also connected to firefighting facilities, and firefighting extinguishing media is input when an explosion or fire occurs inside, thereby ensuring experimental safety; A buffer groove (232) is arranged on the inner wall of the limiting sleeve (23) at the position facing the end of the single cell (6) to be tested, a plurality of accommodating openings (25) are evenly arranged on the inner wall of the buffer groove (232), an explosion relief valve of the single cell (6) to be tested is located in the accommodating opening (25), a closing cap (251) is slidably arranged at the opening of the accommodating opening (25), and a mounting opening (252) is arranged on the side wall of the accommodating opening (25); A limiting ring (253) is arranged on one side of the closing cap (251) close to the accommodating opening (25), and pressure relief holes (254) are evenly arranged on the side wall of the limiting ring (253). The limiting ring (253) is slidably embedded in the interior of the accommodating opening (25) and is in slidable contact with the inner wall of the accommodating opening (25); The connecting rod (231) is located in the middle of the closing cap (251), and a guide hole (255) is provided in the middle of the closing cap (251), and the guide hole (255) extends through the connecting rod (231) and extends into the interior of the buffer cylinder (24); The experimental table (1) is provided with a safety chamber (11) at a position located below the test chamber (22), and the safety chamber (11) is communicated with fire-fighting facilities; A flow guide tube (256) is provided in the side wall of the test chamber (22); one end of the flow guide tube (256) is in communication with the interior of the buffer cylinder (24), and the other end of the flow guide tube (256) is in communication with the safety chamber (11).

2. A single cell explosion relief test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The PLC control module (4) supports EtherCAT bus control and RS485 functions, and realizes multi-level network communication through RS485 and EtherCAT interfaces.

3. A single cell explosion relief test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The interior of the safety cavity (11) is filled with a fire-fighting medium. Through holes (12) are evenly arranged on the top of the safety cavity (11), and the through holes (12) are communicated with the bottom of the test cavity (22).

4. A single cell explosion relief test device according to claim 3, characterized in that: Protection rods (26) are evenly arranged on the opposite ends of the limiting sleeves (23) on both sides, one end of the protection rod (26) slides through the mounting hole (233) arranged on the side wall of the limiting sleeve (23) and is connected to a push ring (27) arranged inside the test cavity (22), and the push ring (27) is connected to the telescopic device on the inner wall of the test cavity (22); On the protective rods (26) on both sides, a fixing hole (261) is provided at the end of the protective rod (26) on one side, and a fixing rod (262) is provided at the end of the protective rod (26) on the other side. The fixing rod (262) is slidably embedded in the fixing hole (261), so that the protective rods (26) on both sides are combined to surround the middle single cell (6) to be tested.

5. A single cell explosion relief test device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The push ring (27) is hollow inside to form a charging chamber (271), the charging chamber (271) is connected to the safety chamber (11) through a safety tube (272), the protection rod (26) is a tubular structure, and the protection rod (26) is evenly provided with safety holes (273) at the position facing the single battery cell (6) to be tested.

6. A single cell explosion relief test device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inner wall of the limiting sleeve (23) is evenly provided with flow guide grooves (234), the flow guide grooves (234) extend in a ring shape around the single battery core (6) to be tested, and the flow guide grooves (234) are in communication with the mounting hole (233).

7. A single cell explosion relief test device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The protection rod (26) is obtained by connecting multiple sections of combined rods (263), and a connecting section is provided between adjacent combined rods (263), wherein the connecting section comprises an inner metal hose (264) and an outer hardened layer (265).

8. A single cell explosion relief test device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The metal hose (264) is a mesh structure, and a layer of mold release agent is applied in the gap between the metal hose (264) and the hardened layer (265).

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