Rain gauge with state monitoring function and rain gauge state monitoring method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of meteorological monitoring equipment, and discloses a rain gauge state monitoring method, which comprises the following steps of: installing a two-stage filter screen of a rain gauge, and arranging a spherical lens, a convex reflector and a CCD (Charge Coupled Device) sensor; the monitoring system is started, and the CCD sensor transmits the filter screen image data to the remote operation and maintenance platform; image processing; performing manual judgment and intelligent algorithm model judgment; and giving an alarm and sending out an early warning signal. The rain gauge comprises an outer cylinder and a two-stage filter screen, and the two-stage filter screen is arranged in the rain gauge. The bottom of the rain gauge is provided with a water outlet pipe. According to the invention, the result of inaccurate metering caused by maintenance after a fault is generated is avoided, the workload and the cost of periodic operation and maintenance by personnel on site are reduced, the efficiency and the reliability of rain gauge monitoring are improved, and the accuracy and the integrity of meteorological monitoring data are guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of meteorological monitoring equipment, and in particular relates to a rain gauge for state monitoring and a method for monitoring the state of the rain gauge. Background Art

[0002] Raingauges play an extremely important role in the field of meteorological monitoring, especially in photovoltaic application scenarios. The accuracy of their data has a key impact on meteorological research, agricultural production, water resources management and many other aspects.

[0003] However, in actual use, the rain gauge is often disturbed by the surrounding environmental factors. Dust, stones, leaves and other foreign objects can easily enter the rain gauge and cause blockage, resulting in inaccurate rainfall measurement.

[0004] The traditional operation and maintenance method is to increase the frequency of on-site inspection and maintenance, but this will significantly increase the operation and maintenance costs, including labor costs, transportation costs, and time costs, and it is difficult to monitor data in a timely and real-time manner. The existing remote monitoring method is to install electrodes in the rain gauge, and issue an alarm through the reduction of resistance caused by rainwater. It is a post-fault alarm and then repair. The problem can only be monitored when the fault has occurred and affected the rainfall measurement. At this time, the consequences of inaccurate measurement have already occurred. Therefore, the existing technology cannot prevent it in advance, resulting in missing or incorrect meteorological data, which in turn affects the accuracy of related decisions and research.

[0005] Therefore, it is currently impossible to monitor the status of the rain gauge before a failure occurs and to carry out effective prevention and early warning, which makes it difficult to meet the high requirements of modern meteorological monitoring for data accuracy and equipment reliability. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a rain gauge for state monitoring and a method for rain gauge state monitoring to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art.

[0007] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A state monitoring rain gauge comprises an outer cylinder and a two-stage filter screen, wherein the two-stage filter screen is arranged inside the rain gauge; a water outlet pipe is arranged at the bottom of the rain gauge; the two-stage filter screen comprises a primary filter screen and a secondary filter column, The primary filter is a uniform mesh structure, located inside the rain gauge, and a convex reflector is provided at the center of the primary filter; the diameter of the convex reflector is greater than the diameter of the secondary filter column; The secondary filter column passes through the outlet pipe of the rain gauge and is fixedly connected to the rain gauge; a spherical lens is installed on the outer side of the top of the secondary filter column, and a CCD sensor is arranged directly below the spherical lens; The CCD sensor converts the optical signal into an electrical signal, thereby generating a digital image signal; The CCD sensor is connected to a data transmission module, and the data transmission module can transmit data to a remote operation and maintenance platform.

[0008] Furthermore, the secondary filter column includes a column, a secondary filter screen, and a retaining ring. A secondary filter screen is provided between the column and the retaining ring. The secondary filter screen is a uniform mesh structure. A retaining ring is provided at the bottom of the secondary filter column. The secondary filter column passes through the outlet pipe and the retaining ring is located on the outlet pipe. The outer side of the outlet pipe is threadedly connected to the rainwater collecting pipe. During installation, the secondary filter column passes through the outlet pipe from bottom to top, and the retaining ring is located on the outlet pipe; then the outlet pipe is tightened with the rainwater collecting pipe thread to achieve fixed connection of the secondary filter column to the bottom of the rain gauge.

[0009] Furthermore, a mounting ring is provided on the inner wall of the rain gauge, and the primary filter is arranged on the mounting ring, so that the primary filter can be detachably and conveniently installed in the rain gauge.

[0010] A method for monitoring the state of a rain gauge comprises the following steps: Step 1: Install the two-stage filter of the rain gauge, set up the spherical lens, convex reflector and CCD sensor; A two-stage filter is installed inside the rain gauge, the two-stage filter includes a primary filter and a secondary filter column, the primary filter is located above the secondary filter column, and the secondary filter column passes through the outlet pipe of the rain gauge and is fixedly connected to the rain gauge; A convex reflector is provided at the center of the primary filter; the diameter of the convex reflector is larger than the diameter of the secondary filter column; a spherical lens is installed on the top outer side of the secondary filter column; a CCD sensor is provided directly below the spherical lens; the CCD sensor converts the optical signal into an electrical signal, thereby generating a digital image signal; The CCD sensor is connected to the data transmission module, which can transmit data to the remote operation and maintenance platform; Step 2: Start the monitoring system, and the CCD sensor transmits the filter image data to the remote operation and maintenance platform; In normal rainless weather conditions, the monitoring system is started, and the convex reflector transmits the image information of the secondary filter column below to the spherical lens below; the spherical lens focuses the image information of the primary filter above and transmits it to the CCD sensor below. The CCD sensor converts the optical signal into an electrical signal, and then generates a digital image signal. The image data is transmitted to the remote operation and maintenance platform through the data transmission module; Step 3: Image processing; manual judgment and intelligent algorithm model judgment; After receiving the image data, the remote operation and maintenance platform uses manual judgment or algorithm model to determine whether the two-stage filters are blocked; Step 4: Alarm and send out early warning signals When the algorithm model determines that the blockage area ratio of the primary filter or secondary filter column exceeds the preset threshold, or when the manual image inspection shows obvious blockage, the remote operation and maintenance platform immediately issues an early warning signal; Step 5: After cleaning, reset and proceed to the next monitoring cycle.

[0011] Furthermore, in step three, the method of manual judgment is: directly viewing the image remotely; the method of algorithm model judgment is: inputting the image data into a pre-trained intelligent algorithm model, which is built based on a deep learning algorithm and is trained with a large amount of filter image data with different degrees of blockage. It can automatically identify the blockage of the filter, including the type of blockage, the proportion of the blockage area and other information.

[0012] Furthermore, the specific algorithm model construction includes: S1, Data Collection Collect a large amount of filter image data with different degrees of blockage, and annotate the images, including information such as the type of blockage, blockage area ratio, etc. S2, Model Design Select the convolutional neural network model and input the collected image data into the learning framework. The input layer is the image features extracted by the designed convolutional layer, and the output layer is designed according to the task type. The output layer includes the category of blockage type and the proportion of blockage area.

[0013] S3, model training The convolutional neural network model is optimized and trained using the training set to verify the performance of the model.

[0014] Furthermore, in step 4, the warning signal can be sent in a variety of ways, such as notifying the operation and maintenance personnel via text messages, popping up a warning box on the monitoring system interface, etc., so that the operation and maintenance personnel can take cleaning measures in a timely manner.

[0015] Furthermore, in step five, after cleaning the primary filter screen and the secondary filter column of the rain gauge according to the alarm signal, the monitoring system is reset to perform the next monitoring cycle.

[0016] Furthermore, the convex reflector simultaneously transmits the image information of the rain gauge to the spherical lens below.

[0017] Working principle: The convex reflector transmits the image information of the secondary filter and the rain gauge to the spherical lens, which collects the image data of the primary and secondary filters and transmits the detected data to the remote operation and maintenance platform through the CCD sensor to realize data processing and judgment. It can be judged manually or by a pre-trained algorithm model.

[0018] Beneficial effects: The present invention realizes remote sensing and monitoring of the state of the rain gauge, detects the possible blockage problem and state of the rain gauge in advance in the absence of rain, and issues a warning signal to achieve "early warning". It avoids the consequences of inaccurate measurement caused by maintenance after the failure occurs, and reduces the workload and cost of personnel going to the site for periodic operation and maintenance, improves the efficiency and reliability of rain gauge monitoring, and ensures the accuracy and integrity of meteorological monitoring data. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the monitoring system of the present invention.

[0022] In the figure: 1. outer cylinder; 2. primary filter screen; 3. secondary filter column; 31. column; 32. secondary filter screen; 33. retaining ring; 4. water outlet pipe; 5. spherical lens; 6. CCD sensor; 7. convex reflector; 8. rainwater collecting pipe; 9. mounting ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Example

[0024] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 The rain gauge for state monitoring shown in the figure comprises an outer cylinder 1 and a two-stage filter screen, wherein the two-stage filter screen is arranged inside the rain gauge; a water outlet pipe 4 is arranged at the bottom of the rain gauge; and the two-stage filter screen comprises a primary filter screen 2 and a secondary filter column 3.

[0025] The primary filter is a uniform mesh structure, located inside the rain gauge, and a convex reflector 7 is provided at the center of the primary filter; the diameter of the convex reflector is larger than the diameter of the secondary filter column. The secondary filter column passes through the outlet pipe of the rain gauge and is fixedly connected to the rain gauge; a spherical lens 5 is installed on the outside of the top of the secondary filter column, and a CCD sensor 6 is provided directly below the spherical lens.

[0026] The CCD sensor converts the optical signal into an electrical signal, thereby generating a digital image signal; the CCD sensor is connected to the data transmission module, and the data transmission module can transmit the data to the remote operation and maintenance platform. In this embodiment, the single-chip microcomputer compresses the digital signal of the CCD sensor and transmits it to the remote maintenance center.

[0027] The secondary filter column includes a column 31, a secondary filter screen 32, and a retaining ring 33. A secondary filter screen is arranged between the column and the retaining ring. The secondary filter screen is a uniform mesh structure. A retaining ring is arranged at the bottom of the secondary filter column. The secondary filter column passes through the outlet pipe and the retaining ring is located on the outlet pipe. The outer side of the outlet pipe is threadedly connected with the rainwater collecting pipe 8. During installation, the secondary filter column passes through the outlet pipe from bottom to top, and the retaining ring is located on the outlet pipe; then the outlet pipe is tightened with the rainwater collecting pipe thread to realize the fixed connection of the secondary filter column to the bottom of the rain gauge.

[0028] A mounting ring 9 is provided on the inner wall of the rain gauge, and the primary filter is arranged on the mounting ring, so that the primary filter can be detachably and conveniently installed in the rain gauge. Example

[0029] The rain gauge of Example 1 is used to implement the state monitoring of the rain gauge. The specific method of the rain gauge state monitoring includes the following steps: Step 1: Install the two-stage filter of the rain gauge, set up the spherical lens, convex reflector and CCD sensor; A two-stage filter is installed inside the rain gauge, and the two-stage filter includes a primary filter and a secondary filter column. The primary filter is located above the secondary filter column, and the secondary filter column passes through the outlet pipe of the rain gauge and is fixedly connected to the rain gauge.

[0030] A convex reflector is provided at the center of the first-stage filter; the diameter of the convex reflector is larger than the diameter of the second-stage filter column. A spherical lens is installed on the top outer side of the second-stage filter column, and a CCD sensor is arranged directly below the spherical lens. The CCD sensor converts the optical signal into an electrical signal, thereby generating a digital image signal.

[0031] The CCD sensor is connected to the data transmission module, which can transmit data to the remote operation and maintenance platform. In this embodiment, the single chip microcomputer compresses the digital signal of the CCD sensor and transmits it to the remote maintenance center.

[0032] Step 2: Start the monitoring system. In normal rainless weather conditions, the monitoring system is started, and the convex reflector transmits the image information of the secondary filter column below to the spherical lens below; the convex reflector also transmits the image information of the rain gauge to the spherical lens below. The spherical lens focuses the image information of the upper primary filter and transmits it to the CCD sensor below. The CCD sensor converts the optical signal into an electrical signal, and then generates a digital image signal. The image data is transmitted to the remote operation and maintenance platform through the data transmission module.

[0033] Step 3: Image processing; manual judgment and intelligent algorithm model judgment; After receiving the image data, the remote operation and maintenance platform uses manual judgment or algorithm model to determine whether the two-stage filters are blocked.

[0034] The manual judgment method is: directly view the image remotely; the algorithm model judgment method is: input the image data into a pre-trained intelligent algorithm model. The model is built based on a deep learning algorithm and is trained with a large amount of filter image data with different degrees of blockage. It can automatically identify the blockage of the filter, including the type of blockage, the proportion of the blockage area and other information.

[0035] The specific algorithm model construction includes: S1, Data Collection Collect a large amount of filter image data with different degrees of blockage, and annotate the images, including information such as the type of blockage, blockage area ratio, etc. S2, Model Design Select the convolutional neural network model and input the collected image data into the learning framework. The input layer is the image features extracted by the designed convolutional layer, and the output layer is designed according to the task type. The output layer includes the category of blockage type and the proportion of blockage area.

[0036] S3, model training The convolutional neural network model is optimized and trained using the training set to verify the performance of the model.

[0037] Step 4: Alarm and send out early warning signals When the algorithm model determines that the blockage area ratio of the primary filter or the secondary filter column exceeds the preset threshold, or when the manual image shows obvious blockage, the remote operation and maintenance platform immediately sends out an early warning signal. The early warning signal can be sent in a variety of ways, such as SMS notifications to operation and maintenance personnel, pop-up warning boxes on the monitoring system interface, etc., so that operation and maintenance personnel can take timely cleaning measures.

[0038] Step 5: After cleaning, reset for the next monitoring cycle. After cleaning the primary filter and secondary filter column of the rain gauge according to the alarm signal, reset the monitoring system for the next monitoring cycle.

[0039] The above are only preferred technical solutions of the present invention. It should be pointed out that ordinary technicians in this technical field can make several improvements without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rain gauge for condition monitoring, characterized in that: It includes an outer cylinder and a two-stage filter screen, wherein the two-stage filter screen is arranged inside the rain gauge; a water outlet pipe is arranged at the bottom of the rain gauge; The two-stage filter screen includes a primary filter screen and a secondary filter column. The primary filter is a uniform mesh structure, located inside the rain gauge, and a convex reflector is provided at the center of the primary filter; the diameter of the convex reflector is greater than the diameter of the secondary filter column; The secondary filter column passes through the outlet pipe of the rain gauge and is fixedly connected to the rain gauge; a spherical lens is installed on the outer side of the top of the secondary filter column, and a CCD sensor is arranged directly below the spherical lens; The CCD sensor converts the optical signal into an electrical signal, thereby generating a digital image signal; The CCD sensor is connected to a data transmission module, and the data transmission module can transmit data to a remote operation and maintenance platform.

2. The rain gauge according to claim 1, characterized in that: The secondary filter column includes a column body, a secondary filter screen, and a retaining ring. A secondary filter screen is arranged between the column body and the retaining ring. The secondary filter screen is a uniform mesh structure. A retaining ring is arranged at the bottom of the secondary filter column. The secondary filter column passes through the outlet pipe and the retaining ring is located on the outlet pipe. The outer side of the outlet pipe is threadedly connected to the rainwater collecting pipe.

3. The rain gauge according to claim 1, characterized in that: A mounting ring is arranged on the inner side wall of the rain gauge, and a primary filter screen is arranged on the mounting ring.

4. A method for monitoring the state of a rain gauge, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: Install the two-stage filter of the rain gauge, set up the spherical lens, convex reflector and CCD sensor; A two-stage filter is installed inside the rain gauge, the two-stage filter includes a primary filter and a secondary filter column, the primary filter is located above the secondary filter column, and the secondary filter column passes through the outlet pipe of the rain gauge and is fixedly connected to the rain gauge; A convex reflector is provided at the center of the primary filter; the diameter of the convex reflector is larger than the diameter of the secondary filter column; a spherical lens is installed on the top outer side of the secondary filter column; a CCD sensor is provided directly below the spherical lens; the CCD sensor converts the optical signal into an electrical signal, thereby generating a digital image signal; The CCD sensor is connected to the data transmission module, which can transmit data to the remote operation and maintenance platform; Step 2: Start the monitoring system, and the CCD sensor transmits the filter image data to the remote operation and maintenance platform; In normal rainless weather conditions, the monitoring system is started, and the convex reflector transmits the image information of the secondary filter column below to the spherical lens below; the spherical lens focuses the image information of the primary filter above and transmits it to the CCD sensor below. The CCD sensor converts the optical signal into an electrical signal, and then generates a digital image signal. The image data is transmitted to the remote operation and maintenance platform through the data transmission module. Step 3: Image processing; Manual judgment and intelligent algorithm model judgment; After receiving the image data, the remote operation and maintenance platform uses manual judgment or algorithm model to determine whether the two-stage filters are blocked; Step 4: Alarm and send out early warning signals When the algorithm model determines that the blockage area ratio of the primary filter or secondary filter column exceeds the preset threshold, or when the manual image inspection shows obvious blockage, the remote operation and maintenance platform immediately issues an early warning signal; Step 5: After cleaning, reset and proceed to the next monitoring cycle.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step three, the manual judgment method is: directly viewing the image remotely; the algorithm model judgment method is: inputting the image data into a pre-trained intelligent algorithm model. The model is built based on a deep learning algorithm and is trained with a large amount of filter image data with different degrees of blockage. It can automatically identify the blockage of the filter.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The blockage situation includes the type of blockage and the proportion of the blockage area.

7. The method according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: The specific algorithm model construction includes: S1, Data Collection Collect a large amount of filter image data with different degrees of blockage, and annotate the images, including information such as the type of blockage, blockage area ratio, etc. S2, Model Design Select a convolutional neural network model, input the collected image data into the learning framework, the input layer is the image features extracted by the designed convolution layer, and the output layer is designed according to the task type. The output layer includes the category of the blockage type and the proportion of the blockage area; S3, model training The convolutional neural network model is optimized and trained using the training set to verify the performance of the model.

8. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step 4, the warning signal is sent through a variety of methods, including SMS notification to operation and maintenance personnel and pop-up warning boxes on the monitoring system interface.

9. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step five, after cleaning the primary filter and secondary filter column of the rain gauge according to the alarm signal, the monitoring system is reset to start the next monitoring cycle.

10. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The convex reflector simultaneously transmits the image information of the rain gauge to the spherical lens below.

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