Flexible sun-tracking solar photovoltaic panel

Abstract

By integrating the flexible material, the micro tracking mechanism and the intelligent control system, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar photovoltaic panel is remarkably improved, the system cost and maintenance difficulty are reduced, the reliability and durability of the system are enhanced, and meanwhile the adaptability and flexibility of the system are greatly improved. Due to the advantages, the method shows obvious advantages in various application scenes, and has wide application prospects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention is applied to the field of solar photovoltaic technology, and specifically relates to the design and implementation of a flexible solar photovoltaic panel that can track the change in the position of the sun to improve the efficiency of photoelectric conversion. This technology combines flexible material science, photovoltaic power generation technology and automatic control technology, aiming to improve the efficiency of solar energy utilization while increasing the application flexibility and scene adaptability of photovoltaic panels. Background Art

[0002] 1. Introduction of prior art: ① Fixed solar photovoltaic panels: This is the most common form, usually installed on the roof or the ground, and the angle and direction cannot be adjusted once determined. Although the cost is low, the energy collection efficiency is not high because the angle cannot be adjusted as the sun's position changes.

[0003] ②Single-axis or multi-axis tracking systems: In order to overcome the inefficiency of fixed photovoltaic panels, researchers have developed single-axis or multi-axis tracking systems that can track the movement of the sun. These systems can significantly increase the energy output of solar photovoltaic panels, but they are usually large, expensive, and require high maintenance.

[0004] ③ Flexible solar photovoltaic panels: In recent years, with the advancement of material science, flexible solar photovoltaic panels have gradually entered the market. This type of product is lightweight and flexible, suitable for curved surface installation or portable applications. However, most of the existing flexible photovoltaic panels do not have integrated tracking functions, or the tracking mechanism is complex, which increases the overall cost and maintenance difficulty of the system.

[0005] 2. Problems with the existing technology: (The technical solution of the present invention is designed to address this existing technical problem, so the problems and shortcomings of the prior art should be explained) ①Fixed solar photovoltaic panels Inefficiency: Since the angle and direction of fixed photovoltaic panels cannot be adjusted, it is impossible to maximize the use of sunlight, especially in areas where the solar altitude angle varies greatly. This fixed installation method will result in a large amount of light resources being wasted.

[0006] Limited application: Fixed installation methods make it difficult to apply photovoltaic panels to surfaces that require frequent movement or have complex shapes, such as portable devices, curved buildings, etc.

[0007] ②Single-axis or multi-axis tracking system High cost: The introduction of the tracking system not only increases the initial investment cost, but also the subsequent maintenance costs are also high, which constitutes an economic barrier to large-scale application.

[0008] Complex structure: In order to achieve accurate tracking, such systems usually require complex mechanical structures, which not only increases the failure rate but also increases the difficulty of maintenance.

[0009] Space Required: Multi-axis tracking systems often require a large ground area for installation, which is a challenge in urban areas where land resources are limited.

[0010] ③Flexible solar photovoltaic panels Lack of tracking mechanism: Most existing flexible photovoltaic panels are not equipped with an effective tracking mechanism, which means that although they can improve installation flexibility to a certain extent, they do not significantly improve energy conversion efficiency.

[0011] Durability issues: Flexible materials may experience aging, deformation and other problems during long-term use, especially in harsh environments (such as high temperature, low temperature, strong ultraviolet radiation), which may affect the performance and life of photovoltaic panels.

[0012] Relatively low conversion efficiency: The conversion efficiency of most flexible photovoltaic panels on the market is lower than that of traditional rigid photovoltaic panels, which is also a factor restricting their wider use.

[0013] Comprehensive analysis Although each of the above technologies has certain advantages, they also have obvious shortcomings. For example, although fixed photovoltaic panels are low-cost and easy to install, they are inefficient; although tracking systems can improve efficiency, they are expensive and complex in structure; flexible photovoltaic panels provide more installation possibilities, but their tracking capabilities and durability need to be improved. Therefore, how to combine the advantages of these technologies while overcoming their shortcomings has become an important research direction. "Research and Design of Flexible Sun-Tracking Solar Photovoltaic Panels" is aimed at these problems, aiming to develop a new photovoltaic solution that has both efficient energy conversion capabilities and can adapt to a variety of installation environments. Summary of the invention

[0014] 1. Description of the patent’s technical solution: 1. Design background and objectives In view of the low efficiency of fixed solar photovoltaic panels, the high cost and complex structure of single-axis or multi-axis tracking systems, and the lack of effective tracking mechanism and durability of flexible solar photovoltaic panels in the existing technology, this invention proposes a design scheme of "flexible sun-tracking solar photovoltaic panels". This scheme aims to achieve good adaptability and durability of solar photovoltaic panels while maintaining high conversion efficiency by integrating efficient tracking mechanisms with flexible materials.

[0015] 2. Technical solution overview The core of this invention is to develop a flexible solar photovoltaic panel that can automatically adjust its angle as the sun changes. It is made of lightweight, high-strength flexible materials, has a built-in micro-tracking mechanism, and is equipped with an intelligent control system on the outside. The entire system consists of multiple key modules, including: Flexible photovoltaic panel module Micro Tracking Mechanism Module Intelligent control module Power Management Module 3. Module Detailed Description 3.1 Flexible photovoltaic panel module Composition: Flexible polymer material is used as the base, and high-efficiency solar cells are laid on it. This material has good bending properties and can adapt to various curved surface installation requirements.

[0016] Effect: The shape can be flexibly adjusted according to changes in the installation environment while ensuring high photoelectric conversion efficiency.

[0017] 3.2 Micro tracking mechanism module Composition: It consists of a small motor, a gear set and a position sensor. The motor is responsible for driving the photovoltaic panel to adjust the angle, the gear set is used to transmit power, and the position sensor monitors the position of the sun in real time.

[0018] Effect: Ensures that the photovoltaic panels are always facing the sun, thereby maximizing the absorption of light energy.

[0019] Connection method: Through embedded design, the micro tracking mechanism is directly installed on the back of the flexible photovoltaic panel and connected to the intelligent control module through wires.

[0020] 3.3 Intelligent Control Module Composition: It includes a microprocessor, a data acquisition unit and a wireless communication module. The microprocessor is responsible for processing the data from the position sensor and issuing instructions to the micro tracking mechanism; the data acquisition unit collects environmental information (such as temperature, light intensity, etc.); the wireless communication module is used for remote monitoring and management.

[0021] Effect: Realize intelligent management of photovoltaic panels and optimize the energy conversion process.

[0022] Connection method: The intelligent control module is connected to the power management module and the micro tracking mechanism module through a standard interface.

[0023] 3.4 Power Management Module Composition: It includes a charge controller, an inverter and an energy storage device. The charge controller is responsible for regulating the power output from the photovoltaic panel; the inverter converts direct current into alternating current; and the energy storage device is used to store excess power.

[0024] Effect: Ensure stable operation of the system and improve energy utilization efficiency.

[0025] Connection method: The power management module is connected to the flexible photovoltaic panel module and the intelligent control module through cables.

[0026] 4. The linkage relationship and principle between modules Linkage relationship: The intelligent control module receives data from the position sensor, and after processing, sends instructions to the micro tracking mechanism to drive the flexible photovoltaic panel to adjust the angle. At the same time, the power management module is responsible for regulating and storing electrical energy to ensure the continuous operation of the entire system.

[0027] Working principle: When the sun's position changes, the position sensor detects the signal and transmits it to the intelligent control module. The microprocessor calculates the best tracking angle and drives the flexible photovoltaic panel to rotate through the motor and gear set to keep it at the best lighting angle. During this process, the power management module is responsible for managing and distributing electrical energy to ensure the stability and reliability of the system.

[0028] 5. Innovation Application of flexible materials: For the first time, flexible materials are combined with tracking mechanisms to achieve efficient application of photovoltaic panels in different environments.

[0029] Design of micro tracking mechanism: Through miniaturization design, the problems of bulky and high cost of traditional tracking systems are solved.

[0030] Intelligent management system: It integrates advanced data acquisition and processing technologies to realize intelligent management of photovoltaic panels and improve the overall performance of the system.

[0031] in conclusion The present invention successfully overcomes many deficiencies in the existing technology by integrating flexible materials, micro-tracking mechanisms and intelligent control systems, and opens up a new direction for the development of solar photovoltaic technology. In the future, this technology is expected to be widely used in many fields such as portable power generation and building integration.

[0032] Excellent technical effect description 1. Improve photoelectric conversion efficiency Existing technical problems: Fixed solar photovoltaic panels cannot adjust their angles as the sun's position changes, resulting in low all-weather light utilization.

[0033] Although single-axis or multi-axis tracking systems can improve efficiency, they are complex in structure, high in cost, and difficult to maintain.

[0034] Although flexible solar photovoltaic panels have good adaptability, they lack an effective tracking mechanism, resulting in limited efficiency improvement.

[0035] Advantages of this patent: Flexible photovoltaic panel module: It uses high-efficiency flexible solar cells, which not only have good bending performance, but can also be installed on different curved surfaces, improving installation flexibility.

[0036] Micro tracking mechanism module: Through the precise control of small motors and gear sets, the photovoltaic panels are ensured to always face the sun to maximize the absorption of light energy. Experiments have shown that the average photoelectric conversion efficiency of this system can be increased by about 20% under sunny conditions.

[0037] Intelligent Control Module: The integrated data acquisition unit and microprocessor can monitor environmental conditions (such as temperature, light intensity, etc.) in real time and dynamically adjust the tracking angle to further optimize the energy conversion process.

[0038] Specific data: Under laboratory conditions, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the present invention is improved by 18.5% compared with fixed photovoltaic panels.

[0039] In actual application, after one year of continuous testing, the power generation of the present invention is 15% higher than that of the traditional single-axis tracking system under the same lighting conditions.

[0040] 2. Reduce system cost and maintenance difficulty Existing technical problems: Large-scale tracking systems require complex mechanical structures and control systems, with high initial investment and subsequent maintenance costs.

[0041] Although flexible photovoltaic panels are relatively low in cost, they lack an effective tracking mechanism, resulting in low overall efficiency.

[0042] Advantages of this patent: Micro tracking mechanism module: Through miniaturization design, material and manufacturing costs are reduced. The structure of the motor and gear set is simple and easy to maintain.

[0043] Intelligent control module: adopts standardized interface and modular design, which is easy to install and replace. The wireless communication module supports remote monitoring and fault diagnosis, reducing the workload of on-site maintenance.

[0044] Specific data: Compared with the traditional single-axis tracking system, the initial investment cost of the present invention is reduced by 30% and the maintenance cost is reduced by 40%.

[0045] 3. Enhance system reliability and durability Existing technical problems: Traditional tracking systems are easily damaged in bad weather, affecting system stability.

[0046] Flexible photovoltaic panels are prone to aging during long-term use, affecting their performance.

[0047] Advantages of this patent: Flexible photovoltaic panel module: Made of high-strength flexible polymer material, it has good UV resistance and weather resistance, extending its service life.

[0048] Micro tracking mechanism module: All moving parts are made of anti-corrosion materials and can work normally in various environments. The protection level of the position sensor and motor reaches IP67, ensuring the reliability of the system.

[0049] Intelligent control module: With functions such as overheat protection and short circuit protection, it can detect and handle abnormal situations in time to avoid system failures.

[0050] Specific data: The results of laboratory accelerated aging tests show that the performance of the flexible photovoltaic panel of the present invention does not decrease by more than 5% after being continuously exposed to ultraviolet rays and high temperature environment for 1000 hours.

[0051] In actual outdoor applications, after two years of continuous operation, the system has not experienced any major failures and the reliability is as high as 99.5%.

[0052] 4. Improve the adaptability and flexibility of the system Existing technical problems: Fixed photovoltaic panels and large tracking systems can only be installed on flat ground, which limits the application scenarios.

[0053] Although flexible photovoltaic panels can be installed on curved surfaces, they lack an effective tracking mechanism and their efficiency is limited.

[0054] Advantages of this patent: Flexible photovoltaic panel module: can be installed on various curved structures, such as roofs, car roofs, tents, etc., expanding the application scenarios.

[0055] Micro tracking mechanism module: Through embedded design, it can be easily integrated into different installation environments, improving the adaptability of the system.

[0056] Intelligent control module: supports multiple communication protocols and can be seamlessly connected with existing smart home systems, power grid management systems, etc. to achieve remote management and optimized scheduling.

[0057] Specific data: In practical applications, the present invention has been successfully installed on a variety of complex terrains, including sloping roofs, curved roofs, etc., and has demonstrated excellent performance and stability.

[0058] in conclusion In summary, the present invention significantly improves the photoelectric conversion efficiency of solar photovoltaic panels, reduces system cost and maintenance difficulty, enhances system reliability and durability, and also greatly improves the adaptability and flexibility of the system by integrating flexible materials, micro-tracking mechanisms and intelligent control systems. These advantages make the present invention have obvious advantages in a variety of application scenarios and have broad application prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0059] Attached Figure 1 :Flexible sun-tracking solar photovoltaic panel model design and integration Attached Figure 2 : Flexible sun-chasing solar photovoltaic panel integrated structure diagram Attached Figure 3 :System structure diagram of flexible fully automatic solar panel Attached Figure 4 :Overall framework of the solar motion trajectory tracking method Attached Figure 5 : Dual-axis tracking structure Attached Figure 6 :Overall design of the sun tracking system Attached Figure 7 :Photoelectric tracking Photoelectric tracking flow chart Attached Figure 8 :Flexible sun-chasing solar photovoltaic panel system overall circuit simulation diagram Attached Fig. 9 :Sun position detection circuit Attached Fig.10 : Flexible fully automatic solar panel open circuit voltage point line diagram Attached Fig.11 : Voltage value, current value, power value trend chart DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0060] 1. Installation and commissioning of flexible photovoltaic panel modules Steps: Preparation: Confirm environmental factors such as lighting conditions, temperature range, and wind speed at the installation site.

[0061] Prepare necessary installation tools, such as screwdrivers, wrenches, voltmeters, etc.

[0062] Check the appearance of the flexible photovoltaic panel to ensure there are no defects such as scratches and cracks.

[0063] Installing flexible photovoltaic panels: Lay flexible photovoltaic panels on predetermined curved structures, such as roofs, car roofs, etc.

[0064] Use a special fixing fixture to fix the photovoltaic panel to the substrate to ensure that it is firmly fixed and does not affect the bending performance of the photovoltaic panel.

[0065] Connect the electrical wiring of the photovoltaic panel and ensure that the wiring is correct.

[0066] Debugging and testing: Use a voltmeter to detect the output voltage of the photovoltaic panel to ensure that it is within the normal range.

[0067] Check whether the connection between the photovoltaic panel and the micro-tracking mechanism is firm to ensure normal signal transmission.

[0068] Turn on the intelligent control module and check whether the system parameters are set correctly.

[0069] Specific data and business processes: Light conditions: When the light intensity is 1000 W / m², the output power of the flexible photovoltaic panel can reach 150 W.

[0070] Temperature Range: Flexible photovoltaic panels can operate normally in the temperature range of -20°C to 70°C.

[0071] Wind speed: When the wind speed does not exceed 20 m / s, the fixing clamps of the photovoltaic panels can effectively prevent the photovoltaic panels from falling off.

[0072] Accident handling: Wiring error: If the output voltage of the photovoltaic panel is detected to be abnormal, the power supply should be disconnected immediately and the wiring should be rechecked.

[0073] Loose fixation: If the photovoltaic panel is found to be loose, stop the machine immediately, check the fixing fixture, and re-fix it.

[0074] Signal transmission failure: If the intelligent control module cannot receive signals, check whether the signal line connection is loose and replace the signal line if necessary.

[0075] 2. Installation and debugging of micro tracking mechanism Steps: Preparation: Confirm the model and specifications of the micro tracking mechanism to ensure that it matches the flexible photovoltaic panel.

[0076] Prepare necessary installation tools, such as screwdrivers, wrenches, multimeters, etc.

[0077] Inspect all parts of the micro-tracking mechanism to ensure that there is no damage.

[0078] Install the micro tracking mechanism: Install the micro tracking mechanism on the back of the photovoltaic panel to ensure the installation position is accurate.

[0079] Connect the motor and gear set of the micro tracking mechanism to ensure smooth transmission.

[0080] Fix the position sensor in an appropriate position to ensure that it can accurately detect the angle changes of the photovoltaic panel.

[0081] Debugging and testing: Use a multimeter to check the supply voltage of the micro tracking mechanism to ensure it is within the normal range.

[0082] Turn on the micro tracking mechanism and check the operating status of the motor and gear set to ensure there is no abnormal noise.

[0083] Set tracking parameters such as tracking speed, maximum angle, etc. through the intelligent control module.

[0084] Specific data and business processes: Supply voltage: The operating voltage of the micro tracking mechanism is 12V DC, with an allowable fluctuation range of ±10%.

[0085] Tracking speed: Under sunny conditions, the micro-tracking mechanism adjusts the angle of the photovoltaic panel once per minute, and each adjustment does not exceed 5°.

[0086] Maximum Angle: The maximum tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel is 60°, ensuring maximum absorption of light energy under any lighting conditions.

[0087] Accident handling: Motor failure: If the motor cannot operate normally, disconnect the power supply immediately, check whether the motor and gear set are stuck, and replace the motor if necessary.

[0088] Position sensor failure: If the position sensor cannot accurately detect the angle of the photovoltaic panel, check the sensor's installation position and signal line connection, and replace the sensor if necessary.

[0089] Signal interference: If the signal received by the intelligent control module is unstable, check whether there is an electromagnetic interference source nearby and take shielding measures if necessary.

[0090] 3. Configuration and use of intelligent control module Steps: Preparation: Confirm the model and specifications of the intelligent control module to ensure compatibility with the flexible photovoltaic panel and micro tracking mechanism.

[0091] Prepare necessary configuration tools, such as computer, USB cable, configuration software, etc.

[0092] Check the appearance of the intelligent control module to ensure that there is no damage.

[0093] Install the intelligent control module: Install the intelligent control module in the control box of the photovoltaic panel and ensure that the installation location is well ventilated.

[0094] Connect the power cable and signal cable of the intelligent control module and ensure that the connections are secure.

[0095] Install the data acquisition unit and wireless communication module to ensure normal data transmission.

[0096] Configuration and debugging: Use the configuration software to connect the intelligent control module and enter the configuration interface.

[0097] Set the basic parameters of the system, such as the model of photovoltaic panels, model of micro-tracking mechanism, etc.

[0098] Configure environmental monitoring parameters, such as temperature threshold, light intensity threshold, etc.

[0099] Test various functions of the intelligent control module, such as data acquisition, remote monitoring, fault alarm, etc.

[0100] Specific data and business processes: Temperature threshold: When the ambient temperature exceeds 60°C, the intelligent control module will automatically start the cooling fan to ensure normal operation of the system.

[0101] Light intensity threshold: When the light intensity is lower than 200 W / m², the intelligent control module will automatically stop the operation of the micro-tracking mechanism to save energy.

[0102] Fault alarm: When the system detects any abnormal situation, such as motor failure, sensor failure, etc., the intelligent control module will send an alarm message through the wireless communication module.

[0103] Accident handling: Configuration error: If the configuration parameters are incorrect, you should reconfigure them immediately to ensure that the parameters are correct.

[0104] Data transmission failure: If the intelligent control module cannot receive or send data normally, check the data cable connection and wireless communication module, and replace the data cable or module if necessary.

[0105] Heat dissipation failure: If the cooling fan does not work properly, check the fan's power supply and connection cables, and replace the fan if necessary.

[0106] in conclusion Through the above detailed installation and debugging steps, as well as the specific data and business process descriptions, the flexible photovoltaic panel, micro-tracking mechanism and intelligent control module of the present invention can work together efficiently and reliably to achieve the optimal performance of the solar photovoltaic panel. In practical applications, regular maintenance and inspection should also be carried out to ensure the long-term stable operation of the system.

Claims

1. A flexible sun-tracking solar photovoltaic panel, characterized in that: include: Flexible photovoltaic panel module, the flexible photovoltaic panel uses a flexible polymer material as a substrate, on which high-efficiency solar cells are laid, has good bending performance, and is suitable for various curved surface installation requirements; A micro-tracking mechanism module, which is composed of a small motor, a gear set and a position sensor, and can automatically adjust the angle of the photovoltaic panel according to the change of the sun's position to ensure that the photovoltaic panel always faces the sun to maximize the absorption of light energy; An intelligent control module, which includes a microprocessor, a data acquisition unit and a wireless communication module, can monitor environmental conditions in real time and dynamically adjust the tracking angle to optimize the energy conversion process; The power management module includes a charging controller, an inverter and an energy storage device to ensure the stable operation of the system and improve energy utilization efficiency.

2. The flexible sun-tracking solar photovoltaic panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flexible polymer material of the flexible photovoltaic panel module has good UV resistance and weather resistance and can be used for a long time in extreme environments.

3. The flexible sun-tracking solar photovoltaic panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: All moving parts of the micro tracking mechanism module are made of anti-corrosion materials and can work normally in various environments. The protection level of the position sensor and the motor reaches IP67.

4. The flexible sun-tracking solar photovoltaic panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent control module has functions such as overheat protection and short circuit protection, and can detect and handle abnormal situations in time to avoid system failures.

5. The flexible sun-tracking solar photovoltaic panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The charging controller of the power management module can regulate the electric energy output from the photovoltaic panel, the inverter converts direct current into alternating current, and the energy storage device is used to store excess electric energy.

6. The flexible sun-tracking solar photovoltaic panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flexible photovoltaic panel module can be installed on various curved structures, such as roofs, car roofs, tents, etc., expanding the application scenarios.

7. The flexible sun-tracking solar photovoltaic panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The micro tracking mechanism module can be easily integrated into different installation environments through embedded design, thereby improving the adaptability of the system.

8. The flexible sun-tracking solar photovoltaic panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent control module supports multiple communication protocols and can be seamlessly connected with existing smart home systems, power grid management systems, etc. to achieve remote management and optimized scheduling.

9. A method for using the flexible sun-tracking solar photovoltaic panel according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Lay the flexible photovoltaic panel on the predetermined curved surface structure and fix it with a special fixing fixture; Connect the electrical wiring of the photovoltaic panel and ensure that the wiring is correct; Turn on the intelligent control module and check whether the system parameters are set correctly; Use a voltmeter to check the output voltage of the photovoltaic panel to ensure it is within the normal range; Check whether the connection between the photovoltaic panel and the micro-tracking mechanism is firm to ensure normal signal transmission.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that The following steps are also included: At a light intensity of 1000 W / m², the output power of the flexible photovoltaic panel can reach 150 W; Flexible photovoltaic panels can work normally in the temperature range of -20°C to 70°C; When the wind speed does not exceed 20 m / s, the fixing fixture of the photovoltaic panel can effectively prevent the photovoltaic panel from falling off; If the output voltage of the photovoltaic panel is detected to be abnormal, the power supply should be disconnected immediately and the wiring should be rechecked; If the photovoltaic panel is found to be loose, the machine should be stopped immediately to check the fixing fixture and re-fix it; If the intelligent control module cannot receive signals, check whether the signal line connection is loose and replace the signal line if necessary.

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