Optimization method of building general plane design based on building fire protection requirements

Abstract

The invention discloses a building general plane design optimization method based on building fireproof requirements. Comprising the steps of constructing a building plane initial model and performing data acquisition, performing a fire prevention and control simulation experiment on the initial model, setting a data processing model for analysis and processing, performing optimization design on the initial model and generating an optimal building plane optimization model. Fire prevention and control data are acquired through experimental simulation, a data processing model is set to evaluate the effectiveness of a fireproof isolation belt, an emergency channel and a fire-fighting facility point, then the fireproof performance of the building plane initial model is comprehensively evaluated, a building model optimization scheme is generated, and therefore the building plane design is finely adjusted, and the construction efficiency is improved. The method improves the building model optimization efficiency, reduces the fire diffusion risk of the building in the case of fire through the reasonable planning of the system layout of the building fireproof facilities, and improves the building fire prevention and control efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of building design, and in particular to an optimization method for building general plane design based on building fire protection requirements. Background Art

[0002] The overall building plan design not only affects the construction safety and progress, but also has a direct impact on the final acceptance and use safety of the building. Fire protection design plays an important role in the overall building plan design, involving fire truck access, personnel evacuation, high-altitude fire fighting and fire blocking. Scientific and reasonable fire protection design can effectively control the spread of fire and ensure that when a fire occurs, firefighters can quickly arrive at the scene to carry out effective fire fighting and personnel evacuation; However, the existing technology for optimizing the overall building plan design based on building fire protection requirements has the defects of insufficient systematization and refinement. Since building fire protection facilities include multiple prevention and control measures such as fire isolation belts, emergency passages and fire protection facilities, and there is a lack of systematic analysis and refined adjustment of fire protection facilities in the building plan design process, it will cause the optimization efficiency of the building plan design model to be low, and the resulting low building fire prevention and control efficiency. In view of the above technical defects, a solution is now proposed. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the defects of the prior art that the degree of systematization and refinement is insufficient, and the optimization efficiency of the building plane design model is low and the building fire prevention and control efficiency is low. The present invention collects fire prevention facility data by constructing an initial model of the building plane, and collects fire prevention and control data through experimental simulation, and then sets a data processing model to evaluate the effectiveness of fire isolation zones, emergency passages and fire-fighting facilities, and then comprehensively evaluates the fire prevention performance of the initial model of the building plane, and generates a building model optimization plan, so as to make fine adjustments to the building plane design, improve the optimization efficiency of the building model, and reduce the risk of fire spread in the event of a fire in the building by reasonably planning the system layout of the building fire prevention facilities, thereby improving the building fire prevention and control efficiency.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: An optimization method for building master plan design based on building fire protection requirements comprises the following steps: Step 1: construct an initial model of the building plane and collect data: collect the fire protection facility data of the initial model of the building plane through the initial model of the building plane, and the fire protection facility data includes the building parameters of the fire isolation zone, emergency passage and fire protection facility points; Step 2: Conduct a fire prevention and control simulation experiment on the initial model of the building plane: collect fire prevention and control data of the initial model of the building plane through the fire prevention and control simulation experiment; Step 3: Analyze and process the fire prevention facility data and fire prevention and control data: Set up a data processing model to analyze and process the fire prevention facility data and fire prevention and control data, evaluate the effectiveness of fire isolation zones, emergency passages and firefighting facilities, and then comprehensively evaluate the fire prevention performance of the initial model of the building plane by combining the fire prevention facility data with the fire prevention and control data, and generate a building model optimization plan; Step 4, optimizing the design of the initial model of the building plane: optimizing the design of the initial model of the building plane through the model optimization management solution, thereby adjusting the fire protection facilities of the initial model of the building plane and obtaining the optimized model of the building plane; Step 5: Generate the optimal building plane optimization model: Feedback to step 1 to loop the fire prevention and control simulation experiment, thereby refreshing the building plane optimization model, setting the building cost threshold, and obtaining the optimal building plane optimization model within the preset building cost range.

[0005] Furthermore, the specific process of collecting and analyzing the fire protection facility data of the initial model of the building plane is as follows: The effectiveness of fire isolation belts is evaluated by analyzing the architectural parameters of fire isolation belts; fire isolation belts include fire walls and green belts; the architectural parameters of fire isolation belts include the material fire resistance level and height of fire walls, and the area and width of green belts; The effectiveness of the emergency passage is evaluated by analyzing its architectural parameters; the emergency passage includes the emergency evacuation passage and the emergency rescue passage; the architectural parameters of the emergency passage include the route, width and height of the emergency evacuation passage, and the route and pavement bearing capacity of the emergency rescue passage; The effectiveness of fire protection facilities is evaluated through the analysis of their architectural parameters; fire protection facilities include fire hydrants, fire extinguishers and sprinkler nozzles; among which, the architectural parameters of fire protection facilities include the number and location of fire protection facilities.

[0006] Furthermore, the specific process of evaluating the effectiveness of fire isolation belts is as follows: The fire isolation zone includes a fire wall and a green belt. The outlines of the fire wall and the green belt are extracted through the initial model of the building plane. The number of firewalls is marked as n1, and the fire resistance level and height of any firewall f are marked as Rf and Hf respectively; the number of green belts is marked as n2, and the area and width of any green belt h are marked as Sh and Lh respectively; The effectiveness evaluation coefficient X1 of the fire isolation zone is obtained by combining the material fire resistance level Rf and height Hf of n1 fire walls f and the area Sh and width Lh of n2 green belts h.

[0007] Furthermore, the specific process of evaluating the effectiveness of the emergency channel is as follows: The emergency passage includes the emergency evacuation passage and the emergency rescue passage. The total paths of the emergency evacuation passage and the emergency rescue passage are extracted and marked through the initial building plane model. The total path of the emergency evacuation channel is divided into breakpoints to obtain n3 emergency evacuation channels; The length, width and height of any emergency evacuation passage s are marked as Gs, Ls and Hs respectively; By combining the route length Gs, width Ls and height Hs of the emergency evacuation channel s, the effectiveness evaluation factor Ys of the emergency evacuation channel s is obtained; The total path of the emergency rescue channel is divided into breakpoints to obtain n4 emergency rescue channels; The route length and road bearing capacity of any emergency rescue channel j are marked as Gj and Zj respectively; By combining the route length Gj of the emergency rescue channel j and the road bearing capacity Zj, the effectiveness evaluation factor Yj of the emergency rescue channel j is obtained; The effectiveness evaluation coefficient X2 of the emergency channel is obtained by combining the effectiveness evaluation factor Ys of the emergency evacuation channel s, the effectiveness evaluation factor Yj of the emergency rescue channel j, the number n3 of the emergency evacuation channels, and the number n4 of the emergency rescue channels.

[0008] Furthermore, the specific process of evaluating the effectiveness of fire protection facilities is as follows: Firefighting facilities include fire hydrants, fire extinguishers and sprinkler ports; the architectural parameters of firefighting facilities include the number and location of firefighting facilities; The number of firefighting facility points is marked as n5, the position and coordinates of any firefighting facility point d are marked as Wd (Xw, Yw), and the number of firefighting facility points d is marked as Md; Analyze the overlap between the location Wd of the fire-fighting facility point d and the route of the emergency evacuation channel s: When the position Wd of the fire-fighting facility point d is located in the total path of the emergency evacuation passage, the position Wd of the fire-fighting facility point d is determined to be valid, and the valid value Dyou=1 of the fire-fighting facility point d is set and marked, and the shortest distance Dmin=0 between the fire-fighting facility point d and the emergency evacuation passage is marked; When the location Wd of the fire-fighting facility point d is not located in the total path of the emergency evacuation passage, the shortest distance Dmin between the fire-fighting facility point d and the emergency evacuation passage is calculated, and the effective value Dyou of the fire-fighting facility point d is marked as 0; The effective value Dyou and the nearest distance Dmin are integrated and marked as the reference number set of the fire facility point d, and the effectiveness evaluation coefficient X3 of the fire facility point is obtained through the reference number set of the fire facility point d.

[0009] Furthermore, the specific process of collecting and analyzing fire prevention and control data is as follows: Fire prevention and control simulation experiments are carried out through computer fire simulation technology to collect fire prevention and control data of the initial model of the building plane; the fire prevention and control data includes the diffusion path of toxic gases and smoke particles, as well as the heat transfer path; The fire prevention and control data is imaged in a corresponding path region through RGB imaging technology, the diffusion path of toxic gas is generated into image No. 1, the diffusion path of smoke particles is generated into image No. 2, and the heat transfer path is generated into image No. 3; The number of display areas of any display image of the initial model of the building plane is marked as m0, any display area of ​​the display image is marked as z, the area of ​​the display area z is marked as Sz, and the RGB parameter vector of the display area z is marked as , where Rz is the red component value, Gz is the green component value, and Bz is the blue component value; The fire risk assessment index Z0 is comprehensively obtained by combining the RGB parameter vectors of m0 display areas z corresponding to all display images.

[0010] Furthermore, the specific process of comprehensively evaluating the fire performance of the initial model of the building plane is as follows: Through the fire prevention and control simulation experiment, fire prevention facilities are activated to control the fire risk, and the effectiveness evaluation coefficients of the fire isolation belt, emergency passage and fire protection facility points in operation are calculated and obtained, and marked as the effective operation coefficient Xr1 of the fire isolation belt, the effective operation coefficient Xr2 of the emergency passage and the effective operation coefficient Xr3 of the fire protection facility point respectively; The data calculation cycle Ts is set to perform regular calculations on the fire risk assessment index Z0, so as to obtain the fire performance influence function F0 by combining the effective operation coefficient Xr1 of the fire isolation zone, the effective operation coefficient Xr2 of the emergency passage, and the effective operation coefficient Xr3 of the fire protection facility point with the fire risk assessment index Z0; The evaluation interval of the fire performance influence function F0 is set, the fire performance of the initial model of the building plane is evaluated through interval comparison, and the corresponding optimization management signal is generated.

[0011] Furthermore, the specific process of generating the building model optimization solution is as follows: When receiving the optimization management signal, the effective operation coefficient Xr1 of the fire isolation zone, the effective operation coefficient Xr2 of the emergency passage, and the effective operation coefficient Xr3 of the fire protection facility point are deeply analyzed; The control thresholds of fire isolation zones, emergency passages and fire-fighting facilities are set respectively. By comparing the effective operation coefficients of fire isolation zones, emergency passages and fire-fighting facilities with their corresponding control thresholds, it is determined whether the fire-fighting facilities should be optimized, and the corresponding optimization plan is obtained in combination with the optimization management signal level. The optimization plans for fire isolation zones, emergency passages and fire-fighting facilities are integrated and marked as building model optimization plans.

[0012] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: The present invention collects fire prevention facility data by constructing an initial model of the building plane, collects fire prevention and control data through experimental simulation, and then sets up a data processing model to evaluate the effectiveness of fire isolation zones, emergency passages and fire-fighting facilities, thereby systematically evaluating the fire prevention performance of the initial model of the building plane and generating a building model optimization plan, thereby making fine adjustments to the building plane design and improving the optimization efficiency of the building model. By rationally planning the system layout of the building's fire prevention facilities, the risk of fire spread in the event of a fire in the building can be reduced, thereby improving the effectiveness of building fire prevention and control. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing the steps of the overall process of the present invention is shown; Figure 2 A flow chart of the data processing model of the present invention is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0015] Embodiment 1: like Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, an optimization method for building master plan design based on building fire protection requirements includes the following steps: S1, constructing an initial model of the building plane and collecting data: collecting the fire protection facility data of the initial model of the building plane through the initial model of the building plane; Fire protection facility data include fire isolation zones, emergency passages, and building parameters of fire protection facilities; Carry out architectural master plan design through AutoCAD to draw the initial architectural plan model, which includes the architectural master plan, the horizontal plane section view of the building, and the side elevation section view of the building; The initial model of the building plane is manually designed and drawn. During the drawing process, professional managers mark the corresponding area names, so as to extract the physical parameters of the corresponding area through the initial model of the building plane, including the position coordinates and size. The size parameters of the actual area are obtained by proportionally enlarging the model size. The one-dimensional scaling ratio between the actual area and the building model is preset to be e. When the size of the building model is m0, the size of the actual area is m1: ; S1-1, the fire isolation zone includes fire walls and green belts; the construction parameters of the fire isolation zone include the material fire resistance level and height of the fire walls, and the area and width of the green belt; Extract the outlines of firewalls and green belts through the initial model of the building plan; The number of firewalls is marked as n1, and the material fire resistance level and height of any firewall f are marked as Rf and Hf respectively; S1-2, emergency passages include emergency evacuation passages and emergency rescue passages; the construction parameters of emergency passages include the route, width and height of emergency evacuation passages, and the route and road bearing capacity of emergency rescue passages; Extract and mark the total paths of emergency evacuation passages and emergency rescue passages through the initial building plan model; S1-3, fire protection facilities include fire hydrants, fire extinguishers and sprinklers; the building parameters of fire protection facilities include the number and location of fire protection facilities, i.e. the number and location of fire hydrants, fire extinguishers and sprinklers; The number of firefighting facility points is marked as n5, the position and coordinates of any firefighting facility point d are marked as Wd (Xw, Yw), and the number of firefighting facility points d is marked as Md; S2, conduct a fire prevention and control simulation experiment on the initial model of the building plane: collect fire prevention and control data of the initial model of the building plane through the fire prevention and control simulation experiment; Fire prevention and control simulation experiments are carried out through computer fire simulation technology in existing building design, so as to collect fire prevention and control data of the initial model of the building plane; among them, computer fire simulation technology is created based on historical data of building fire prevention and control, and the actual development and spread of fire is affected by multiple random factors, so the experimental simulation data is only used as an auxiliary reference at the building design level; Fire prevention and control data include the diffusion paths of toxic gases and smoke particles during the combustion of fire sources, as well as the heat transfer paths; S3, analyzing and processing the fire prevention facility data and the fire prevention and control data: setting up a data processing model to analyze and process the fire prevention facility data and the fire prevention and control data, evaluating the effectiveness of the fire isolation belt, emergency passage and firefighting facilities, and then comprehensively evaluating the fire prevention performance of the initial model of the building plane by combining the fire prevention facility data with the fire prevention and control data, and generating a building model optimization plan; S3-1, the specific process of analyzing the fire protection facility data of the initial model of the building plane is as follows: S3-101, evaluate the effectiveness of fire barriers by analyzing their architectural parameters; fire barriers include fire walls and green belts; the architectural parameters of fire barriers include the material fire resistance level and height of fire walls, and the area and width of green belts; The general building plan design requirements include the minimum threshold Rmin of the material fire resistance level of the fire wall f. The material fire resistance level Rf of the fire wall f is set and obtained according to the general building plan design requirements, and the material fire resistance level Rf is always higher than the minimum threshold Rmin; The model height Hmf of the firewall f is obtained through the firewall outline of the initial model of the building plane, and the height Hf of the firewall f is obtained by proportionally enlarging the model height Hmf: ; The number of green belts is marked as n2, and the area and width of any green belt h are marked as Sh and Lh respectively; The model area Smh and model width Lmh of the green belt h are obtained through the green belt contour line of the initial model of the building plane. The model area Smh and model width Lmh are enlarged in proportion to obtain the area Sh and width Lh of the green belt h, where: , ; The effectiveness evaluation coefficient X1 of the fire isolation zone is obtained by combining the material fire resistance level Rf and height Hf of n1 fire walls f, and the area Sh and width Lh of n2 green belts h: ; in, , , , are the conversion factors of the material fire resistance level Rf, height Hf, area Sh and width Lh, respectively, and , , , All are greater than 0. The conversion factor coefficient is a preset constant for converting the initial parameter value into the effectiveness evaluation coefficient. The preset value of the conversion factor coefficient is obtained by calculating a large amount of data experiments. The fireproof wall f is combined with the material fireproof level Rf and the height Hf to obtain the fireproof wall effectiveness evaluation factor. When the material fireproof level Rf and the height Hf of the fireproof wall f are higher, the fireproof wall effectiveness evaluation factor is higher. The green belt effectiveness evaluation factor is combined with the area Sh and the width Lh of the green belt h to obtain the green belt effectiveness evaluation factor. When the area Sh and the width Lh of the green belt h are higher, the green belt effectiveness evaluation factor is higher. Then φ1 and φ2 are the weight factor coefficients of the firewall effectiveness evaluation factor and the green belt effectiveness evaluation factor respectively. The weight factor coefficients are obtained by default, and both φ1 and φ2 are greater than 0. ; When the fire wall effectiveness evaluation factor and the green belt effectiveness evaluation factor are higher, the effectiveness evaluation coefficient X1 of the fire isolation belt is higher, and the effectiveness of the fire isolation belt is higher; S3-102, evaluate the effectiveness of emergency passages through architectural parameter analysis of emergency passages; emergency passages include emergency evacuation passages and emergency rescue passages; the architectural parameters of emergency passages include the route, width and height of emergency evacuation passages, and the route and pavement bearing capacity of emergency rescue passages; S3-102-1, divide the total path of the emergency evacuation channel into breakpoints, where the breakpoints include the exit point, the entrance point and the intersection of the fork in the road, thereby obtaining n3 emergency evacuation channels; The length, width and height of any emergency evacuation passage s are marked as Gs, Ls and Hs respectively; By combining the route length Gs, width Ls and height Hs of the emergency evacuation channel s, the effectiveness evaluation factor Ys of the emergency evacuation channel s is obtained: ,in, is the conversion factor coefficient of the emergency evacuation channel, and the preset Greater than 0; S3-102-2, divide the total path of the emergency rescue channel into breakpoints, where the breakpoints include the exit point, the entrance point and the intersection of the fork in the road, thereby obtaining n4 emergency rescue channels; The route length and pavement bearing capacity of any emergency rescue channel j are marked as Gj and Zj respectively; the pavement bearing capacity Zj is obtained by carrying out a bearing capacity test on the pavement casting materials set in the model, and the maximum pressure that the pavement can withstand is the pavement bearing capacity Zj; By combining the route length Gj of the emergency rescue channel j and the road bearing capacity Zj, the effectiveness evaluation factor Yj of the emergency rescue channel j is obtained: ,in, is the conversion factor coefficient of the emergency evacuation channel, and the preset Greater than 0; S3-102-3, by combining the effectiveness evaluation factor Ys of the emergency evacuation channel s, the effectiveness evaluation factor Yj of the emergency rescue channel j, the number of emergency evacuation channels n3 and the number of emergency rescue channels n4, obtain the effectiveness evaluation coefficient X2 of the emergency channel: ; Among them, the number of emergency evacuation channels n3 and the number of emergency rescue channels n4 are combined to obtain the path smoothness factor. When the number of emergency evacuation channels n3 and the number of emergency rescue channels n4 are higher, the path smoothness factor is lower, indicating that the path smoothness is lower and the path has more corners and turns, indicating that the path complexity is higher; but , and are the weight factor coefficients of the effectiveness evaluation factor Ys, the effectiveness evaluation factor Yj and the path patency factor, respectively, and , and are greater than 0, ; When the effectiveness evaluation factor Ys, the effectiveness evaluation factor Yj and the path patency factor are higher, the effectiveness evaluation coefficient X2 of the emergency channel is higher, and the effectiveness of the emergency channel is higher; S3-103, evaluate the effectiveness of fire protection facilities through the analysis of their architectural parameters; fire protection facilities include fire hydrants, fire extinguishers and sprinklers; the architectural parameters of fire protection facilities include the number and location of fire protection facilities; Calculate the overlap between the location Wd of the fire-fighting facility point d and the route of the emergency evacuation channel s: When the position Wd of the fire-fighting facility point d is located in the total path of the emergency evacuation passage, the position Wd of the fire-fighting facility point d is determined to be valid, and the valid value Dyou=1 of the fire-fighting facility point d is set and marked, and the shortest distance Dmin=0 between the fire-fighting facility point d and the emergency evacuation passage is marked; When the position Wd of the fire-fighting facility point d is not located in the total path of the emergency evacuation passage, the shortest distance Dmin between the fire-fighting facility point d and the emergency evacuation passage is calculated, and the effective value Dyou of the fire-fighting facility point d is marked as 0; the shortest distance Dmin is obtained through the existing point-to-straight line geometric function or directly measured by mapping software and then enlarged in proportion; The effective value Dyou and the nearest distance Dmin are integrated and marked as the reference number set of the fire facility point d. The effectiveness evaluation coefficient X3 of the fire facility point is obtained through the reference number set of the fire facility point d: ; Among them, by calculating the proportion of the cumulative value of the effective value Dyou in the number of fire-fighting facility points n5, the overlap factor coefficient of the fire-fighting facility points is obtained. The higher the proportion of the effective value Dyou, the more overlap points there are between the fire-fighting facility points and the emergency evacuation passages, which means that the location setting of the fire-fighting facility points is more effective, which facilitates the application of the fire-fighting setting to control the fire during the emergency evacuation process. The distance factor coefficient is obtained by calculating the reciprocal of the average value of the closest distance Dmin between non-overlapping firefighting facilities and emergency evacuation passages. The higher the average value of the closest distance Dmin, the lower the distance factor coefficient, indicating that the firefighting facility point is farther from the emergency evacuation passage, indicating that the firefighting facility is inconvenient to take for emergency use. but and They are the weight factors of the coincidence factor and the distance factor, and are preset and are greater than 0, ; When the coincidence factor coefficient and the distance factor coefficient are higher, the effectiveness evaluation coefficient X3 of the fire protection facility point is higher, and the effectiveness of the fire protection facility point is better; S3-2, the specific process of analyzing fire prevention and control data is as follows: The fire prevention and control data is imaged in a corresponding path region through RGB imaging technology, the diffusion path of toxic gas is generated into image No. 1, the diffusion path of smoke particles is generated into image No. 2, and the heat transfer path is generated into image No. 3; The number of display areas of any display image of the initial model of the building plane is marked as m0, any display area of ​​the display image is marked as z, the area of ​​the display area z is marked as Sz, and the RGB parameter vector of the display area z is marked as , where Rz is the red component value, Gz is the green component value, and Bz is the blue component value; By combining the RGB parameter vectors of m0 image areas z corresponding to all imaged pictures, the fire risk assessment index Z0 is obtained comprehensively: ; in, , and are the weight factor coefficients of the red component value Rz, the green component value Gz, and the blue component value Bz, respectively, and , and The preset is obtained after a large amount of data experimental calculation, and , and are all greater than 0. By combining the RGB parameter vectors of the imaging area z, the risk level of the fire parameters of the imaging area z is evaluated. Then, combined with the area Sz of the imaging area z, the fire risk of any fire prevention and control parameter of the building model in the m0 imaging areas is comprehensively evaluated. but is the weight factor coefficient of any fire prevention and control parameter, and Greater than 0, fire prevention and control data includes three fire prevention and control parameters: toxic gas, smoke particles, and heat transfer path. The diffusion paths of the three fire prevention and control parameters correspond to the acquisition of the No. 1 image, No. 2 image, and No. 3 image, and the weight factor coefficients for the RGB component values ​​of different image images , and The preset values ​​are different; S3-3, the specific process of comprehensively evaluating the fire performance of the initial model of the building plane is as follows: Through the fire prevention and control simulation experiment, fire prevention facilities are activated to control the fire risk, and the data of fire prevention facilities in operation are extracted. The effectiveness evaluation coefficient X1 of the fire isolation belt, the effectiveness evaluation coefficient X2 of the emergency passage, and the effectiveness evaluation coefficient X3 of the fire protection facility point are substituted into the calculation formula to obtain the effectiveness evaluation coefficients of the fire isolation belt, emergency passage, and fire protection facility point in operation, and they are marked as the effective operation coefficient Xr1 of the fire isolation belt, the effective operation coefficient Xr2 of the emergency passage, and the effective operation coefficient Xr3 of the fire protection facility point respectively; The data calculation period Ts is set to perform regular calculations on the fire risk assessment index Z0, so as to obtain the fire performance impact function F0 by combining the effective operation coefficient Xr1 of the fire isolation zone, the effective operation coefficient Xr2 of the emergency passage, and the effective operation coefficient Xr3 of the fire protection facility with the fire risk assessment index Z0: ; in, is the fire performance conversion factor, and Greater than 0; when the effective operation coefficient Xr1 of the fire isolation zone, the effective operation coefficient Xr2 of the emergency passage, and the effective operation coefficient Xr3 of the fire protection facility point are higher, and the fire risk assessment index Z0 is lower, the fire protection performance influence function F0 is higher, and the fire protection performance is better evaluated; Set the evaluation interval of the fire performance influence function F0, and evaluate the fire performance of the initial model of the building plane through interval comparison; There are U evaluation intervals of the preset fire performance impact function F0, and any evaluation interval is marked as Qu, where u is the subscript of the evaluation interval, and 0<u≤U; when the fire performance impact function F0 is located in the evaluation interval Qu, the fire performance of the initial model of the building plane is determined to be Nu level, and a Nu level optimization management signal is generated; S4, optimizing the design of the initial model of the building plane: optimizing the design of the initial model of the building plane through the model optimization management solution, thereby adjusting the fire protection facilities of the initial model of the building plane and obtaining the optimized model of the building plane. The specific process is as follows: When receiving the Nu-level optimization management signal, the effective operation coefficient Xr1 of the fire isolation zone, the effective operation coefficient Xr2 of the emergency passage, and the effective operation coefficient Xr3 of the fire protection facility point are deeply analyzed; The control thresholds of fire isolation zones, emergency passages and firefighting facilities are set respectively. By comparing the effective operation coefficients of fire isolation zones, emergency passages and firefighting facilities with their corresponding control thresholds, it is determined whether the fire prevention facilities should be optimized, and the corresponding optimization plan is obtained in combination with the optimization management signal level. The specific process is as follows: The control threshold W1 of the fire isolation zone is set. When the effective operation coefficient Xr1 of the fire isolation zone is lower than the control threshold W1, the fire isolation zone is optimized: when the level Nu of the optimization management signal is higher, the optimization range of the fire isolation zone is higher, including improving the fire resistance level and height of the fire wall material, and expanding the area and width of the green belt. The specific improvement range is set by optimizing the level Nu of the management signal and combining with the actual situation. For example, when the fire resistance level of the fire wall material can no longer be improved, no processing is done, and a new fire wall can be set or the height of the existing fire wall can be increased; Set the control threshold W2 of the emergency channel. When the effective operation coefficient Xr2 of the emergency channel is lower than the control threshold W2, the emergency channel is optimized: when the level Nu of the optimization management signal is higher, the optimization range of the emergency channel is higher, including improving the path smoothness of the emergency evacuation channel and the emergency rescue channel, reducing the number of path corners and reducing the channel complexity; Set the control threshold W3 of the fire protection facility point. When the effective operation coefficient Xr3 of the fire protection facility point is lower than the control threshold W3, the fire protection facility point is optimized: when the level Nu of the optimization management signal is higher, the optimization range of the fire protection facility point is higher, including improving the number and location of fire hydrants, fire extinguishers and sprinkler ports, avoiding setting fire protection facilities in inefficient locations, and increasing the number of fire protection facilities within the scope of building cost control; The optimization schemes of fire isolation zones, emergency passages and fire-fighting facilities are integrated and marked as building model optimization schemes. The initial building plane model is optimized through the building model optimization scheme to continuously improve the value of the fire performance influence function F0. S5, generating an optimal building plane optimization model: by feeding back to step 1, the fire prevention and control simulation experiment is circulated to refresh the building plane optimization model, and the building cost threshold is set to obtain the optimal building plane optimization model within the preset building cost range; Among them, the optimal building plane optimization model refers to the building plane optimization model corresponding to the highest value of fire protection performance obtained through multiple optimization designs.

[0016] In summary, the present invention collects fire prevention facility data by constructing an initial model of the building plane, collects fire prevention and control data through experimental simulation, and then sets up a data processing model to evaluate the effectiveness of fire isolation zones, emergency passages and fire-fighting facilities, and then comprehensively evaluates the fire prevention performance of the initial model of the building plane, and generates a building model optimization plan, so as to make fine adjustments to the building plane design, improve the optimization efficiency of the building model, and reduce the risk of fire spread in the event of a fire in the building by reasonably planning the layout of the building's fire prevention facilities, thereby improving the effectiveness of building fire prevention and control.

[0017] The size of the interval and threshold is set to facilitate comparison. The size of the threshold depends on the amount of sample data and the number of bases set by technical personnel in this field for each group of sample data; as long as it does not affect the proportional relationship between the parameter and the quantized value.

[0018] The above formulas are all dimensionless and numerical calculations. The formula is a formula obtained by collecting a large amount of data and performing software simulation to obtain the most recent real situation. The preset parameters in the formula are set by technicians in this field according to actual conditions. The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An optimization method for building master plan design based on building fire protection requirements, characterized by: The following steps are involved: Step 1: construct an initial model of the building plane and collect data: collect the fire protection facility data of the initial model of the building plane through the initial model of the building plane, and the fire protection facility data includes the building parameters of the fire isolation zone, emergency passage and fire protection facility points; Step 2: Conduct a fire prevention and control simulation experiment on the initial model of the building plane: collect fire prevention and control data of the initial model of the building plane through the fire prevention and control simulation experiment; Step 3: Analyze and process the fire prevention facility data and fire prevention and control data: Set up a data processing model to analyze and process the fire prevention facility data and fire prevention and control data, evaluate the effectiveness of fire isolation zones, emergency passages and firefighting facilities, and then comprehensively evaluate the fire prevention performance of the initial model of the building plane by combining the fire prevention facility data with the fire prevention and control data, and generate a building model optimization plan; Step 4, optimizing the design of the initial model of the building plane: optimizing the design of the initial model of the building plane through the model optimization management solution, thereby adjusting the fire protection facilities of the initial model of the building plane and obtaining the optimized model of the building plane; Step 5: Generate the optimal building plane optimization model: Feedback to step 1 to cyclically conduct fire prevention and control simulation experiments to refresh the building plane optimization model, set the building cost threshold, and obtain the optimal building plane optimization model within the preset building cost range.

2. The optimization method for building master plan design based on building fire protection requirements according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific process of collecting and analyzing the fire protection facility data of the initial building plan model is as follows: The effectiveness of fire isolation belts is evaluated by analyzing the architectural parameters of fire isolation belts; fire isolation belts include fire walls and green belts; the architectural parameters of fire isolation belts include the material fire resistance level and height of fire walls, and the area and width of green belts; The effectiveness of the emergency passage is evaluated by analyzing its architectural parameters; the emergency passage includes the emergency evacuation passage and the emergency rescue passage; the architectural parameters of the emergency passage include the route, width and height of the emergency evacuation passage, and the route and pavement bearing capacity of the emergency rescue passage; The effectiveness of fire protection facilities is evaluated through the analysis of their architectural parameters; fire protection facilities include fire hydrants, fire extinguishers and sprinkler nozzles; among which, the architectural parameters of fire protection facilities include the number and location of fire protection facilities.

3. The optimization method for building master plan design based on building fire protection requirements according to claim 2, characterized in that: The specific process for evaluating the effectiveness of firebreaks is as follows: The fire isolation zone includes a fire wall and a green belt. The outlines of the fire wall and the green belt are extracted through the initial model of the building plane. The number of firewalls is marked as n1, and the fire resistance level and height of any firewall f are marked as Rf and Hf respectively; the number of green belts is marked as n2, and the area and width of any green belt h are marked as Sh and Lh respectively; The effectiveness evaluation coefficient X1 of the fire isolation zone is obtained by combining the material fire resistance level Rf and height Hf of n1 fire walls f and the area Sh and width Lh of n2 green belts h.

4. The optimization method for building master plan design based on building fire protection requirements according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The specific process of evaluating the effectiveness of the emergency channel is as follows: The emergency passage includes the emergency evacuation passage and the emergency rescue passage. The total paths of the emergency evacuation passage and the emergency rescue passage are extracted and marked through the initial building plane model. The total path of the emergency evacuation channel is divided into breakpoints to obtain n3 emergency evacuation channels; The length, width and height of any emergency evacuation passage s are marked as Gs, Ls and Hs respectively; By combining the route length Gs, width Ls and height Hs of the emergency evacuation channel s, the effectiveness evaluation factor Ys of the emergency evacuation channel s is obtained; The total path of the emergency rescue channel is divided into breakpoints to obtain n4 emergency rescue channels; The route length and road bearing capacity of any emergency rescue channel j are marked as Gj and Zj respectively; By combining the route length Gj of the emergency rescue channel j and the road bearing capacity Zj, the effectiveness evaluation factor Yj of the emergency rescue channel j is obtained; The effectiveness evaluation coefficient X2 of the emergency channel is obtained by combining the effectiveness evaluation factor Ys of the emergency evacuation channel s, the effectiveness evaluation factor Yj of the emergency rescue channel j, the number n3 of the emergency evacuation channels, and the number n4 of the emergency rescue channels.

5. The optimization method for building master plan design based on building fire protection requirements according to claim 4, characterized in that: The specific process of evaluating the effectiveness of fire protection facilities is as follows: Firefighting facilities include fire hydrants, fire extinguishers and sprinkler ports; the architectural parameters of firefighting facilities include the number and location of firefighting facilities; The number of fire-fighting facility points is marked as n5, the position and coordinates of any fire-fighting facility point d are marked as Wd (Xw, Yw), and the number of fire-fighting facility points d is marked as Md; Analyze the overlap between the location Wd of the fire-fighting facility point d and the route of the emergency evacuation channel s: When the position Wd of the fire-fighting facility point d is located in the total path of the emergency evacuation passage, the position Wd of the fire-fighting facility point d is determined to be valid, and the valid value Dyou=1 of the fire-fighting facility point d is set and marked, and the shortest distance Dmin=0 between the fire-fighting facility point d and the emergency evacuation passage is marked; When the location Wd of the fire-fighting facility point d is not located in the total path of the emergency evacuation passage, the shortest distance Dmin between the fire-fighting facility point d and the emergency evacuation passage is calculated, and the effective value Dyou of the fire-fighting facility point d is marked as 0; The effective value Dyou and the nearest distance Dmin are integrated and marked as the reference number set of the fire facility point d, and the effectiveness evaluation coefficient X3 of the fire facility point is obtained through the reference number set of the fire facility point d.

6. The optimization method for building master plan design based on building fire protection requirements according to claim 5, characterized in that: The specific process of collecting and analyzing fire prevention and control data is as follows: Fire prevention and control simulation experiments are carried out through computer fire simulation technology to collect fire prevention and control data of the initial model of the building plane; the fire prevention and control data includes the diffusion path of toxic gases and smoke particles, as well as the heat transfer path; The fire prevention and control data is imaged in a corresponding path region through RGB imaging technology, the diffusion path of toxic gas is generated into image No. 1, the diffusion path of smoke particles is generated into image No. 2, and the heat transfer path is generated into image No. 3; The number of display areas of any display image of the initial model of the building plane is marked as m0, any display area of ​​the display image is marked as z, the area of ​​the display area z is marked as Sz, and the RGB parameter vector of the display area z is marked as , where Rz is the red component value, Gz is the green component value, and Bz is the blue component value; The fire risk assessment index Z0 is comprehensively obtained by combining the RGB parameter vectors of m0 display areas z corresponding to all display images.

7. The optimization method for building master plan design based on building fire protection requirements according to claim 6, characterized in that: The specific process of comprehensively evaluating the fire performance of the initial model of the building plane is as follows: Through the fire prevention and control simulation experiment, fire prevention facilities are activated to control the fire risk, and the effectiveness evaluation coefficients of the fire isolation belt, emergency passage and fire protection facility points in operation are calculated and obtained, and marked as the effective operation coefficient Xr1 of the fire isolation belt, the effective operation coefficient Xr2 of the emergency passage and the effective operation coefficient Xr3 of the fire protection facility point respectively; The data calculation cycle Ts is set to perform regular calculations on the fire risk assessment index Z0, so as to obtain the fire performance influence function F0 by combining the effective operation coefficient Xr1 of the fire isolation zone, the effective operation coefficient Xr2 of the emergency passage, and the effective operation coefficient Xr3 of the fire protection facility point with the fire risk assessment index Z0; The evaluation interval of the fire performance influence function F0 is set, the fire performance of the initial model of the building plane is evaluated through interval comparison, and the corresponding optimization management signal is generated.

8. The optimization method for building master plan design based on building fire protection requirements according to claim 7, characterized in that: The specific process of generating the building model optimization solution is as follows: When receiving the optimization management signal, the effective operation coefficient Xr1 of the fire isolation zone, the effective operation coefficient Xr2 of the emergency passage, and the effective operation coefficient Xr3 of the fire protection facility point are deeply analyzed; The control thresholds of fire isolation zones, emergency passages and fire-fighting facilities are set respectively. By comparing the effective operation coefficients of fire isolation zones, emergency passages and fire-fighting facilities with their corresponding control thresholds, it is determined whether the fire-fighting facilities should be optimized, and the corresponding optimization plan is obtained in combination with the optimization management signal level. The optimization plans for fire isolation zones, emergency passages and fire-fighting facilities are integrated and marked as building model optimization plans.

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