Polarization sensitive wide-angle matching structure and ultra-wideband wide-scan angle low standing wave tight coupling antenna

Abstract

The application discloses a polarization-sensitive wide-angle matching structure and an ultra-wideband wide-scan-angle low-standing-wave tight-coupling antenna. The polarization-sensitive wide-angle matching structure comprises a first polarization-sensitive structure medium substrate, a first polarization-sensitive structure, a second polarization-sensitive structure medium substrate, a second polarization-sensitive structure, a third polarization-sensitive structure, an isolation layer and a wide-angle matching layer. The application adopts three layers of wide-angle matching structures with different shapes along the E plane and the H plane of the antenna, can improve the impedance matching conditions in two scanning directions according to different impedance change rules when the tight-coupling array is scanned along the E plane and the H plane, and realizes a lower active standing wave under a large scanning angle.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of ultra-wideband array antenna, in particular to an ultra-wideband tightly coupled array antenna. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of wireless communication technology, as an indispensable part of the communication system, the antenna with ultra-wideband and wide scanning angle performance gradually becomes a research hotspot. The design of traditional ultra-wideband antenna array is mainly based on the design of wideband antenna unit, and then the array is formed. During this period, the influence of mutual coupling effect between array elements on the in-band active standing wave of each array element needs to be avoided. This design method makes it difficult to further expand the low frequency bandwidth of the traditional ultra-wideband antenna array. Based on the connected array theory proposed by Wheeler, Munk and others proposed a strongly coupled ultra-wideband phased array antenna. The elements in the array antenna are closely arranged, so that the capacitive mutual coupling effect is introduced between adjacent array elements, so as to offset the inductive effect caused by the reflector, and realize the expansion of the impedance bandwidth of the array antenna and the low profile design. At this time, the tightly coupled array antenna has become one of the hotspots in the field of antenna research, and excellent achievements have entered the public view.

[0003] In order to meet the requirements of bandwidth, scanning angle and impedance matching in the current ultra-wideband tightly coupled array, the active standing wave ratio is often bounded by 3.0, and this standard can even be relaxed to 3.5 when the array scanning angle is large. The return loss S11 corresponding to the standing wave ratio 3.0 is about -6dB, and for some large-scale high-power phased array, the higher return loss will increase the damage probability of the T / R and other active devices in the back end. The return loss S11 corresponding to the standing wave ratio 2.0 is about -9dB, and the damage probability will be significantly reduced.

[0004] According to the periodic array scanning theory of Wheeler, when the array is scanned along the E plane and the H plane, the characteristic impedance of the array changes with the scanning angle respectively. This leads to that if the conventional regular wide-angle matching layer or periodic frequency selective surface is used for improving the wide scanning angle impedance matching of the array, if the impedance matching on one plane is improved, the impedance matching on the other plane will be deteriorated, which cannot be considered at the same time, resulting in that it is impossible to realize low active standing wave at the same time in the case of large scanning angle in E plane and H plane. SUMMARY The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide a polarized sensitive wide-angle matching structure with low active standing wave in a large scanning angle range and an ultra-wideband wide-angle low-standing wave tightly coupled antenna, which can guarantee the ultra-wideband performance of the array.

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide a polarized sensitive wide-angle matching structure with low active standing wave in a large scanning angle range and an ultra-wideband wide-angle low-standing wave tightly coupled antenna, which can guarantee the ultra-wideband performance of the array.

[0006] ​In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0007] The present invention first provides a polarization-sensitive wide-angle matching structure, comprising:

[0008] a first polarization-sensitive structure dielectric substrate;

[0009] A first polarization-sensitive structure is provided on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate of the first polarization-sensitive structure, and is used to further improve the high-frequency impedance mismatch phenomenon of the ultra-wide bandwidth scanning angle single-polarization tightly coupled antenna and the tightly coupled array under large scanning angles in the E-plane and H-plane;

[0010] a second polarization sensitive structure dielectric substrate;

[0011] A second polarization-sensitive structure is provided on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate of the second polarization-sensitive structure, and is used to improve the impedance mismatch phenomenon in the entire frequency band of the ultra-wide bandwidth scanning angle single-polarization tightly coupled antenna and the tightly coupled array under large scanning angles in the E-plane and H-plane;

[0012] A third polarization-sensitive structure is provided on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate of the second polarization-sensitive structure, and is used to improve the low-frequency impedance mismatch phenomenon of the ultra-wide bandwidth scanning angle single-polarization tightly coupled antenna and the tightly coupled array under the condition of large H-plane scanning angle;

[0013] an isolation layer, disposed between the first polarization-sensitive structure dielectric substrate and the second polarization-sensitive structure dielectric substrate, and used for supporting and isolating the first polarization-sensitive structure dielectric substrate and the second polarization-sensitive structure dielectric substrate;

[0014] A wide-angle matching layer is provided below the second polarization-sensitive structure dielectric substrate; and a slot structure for destroying surface wave propagation is provided on the wide-angle matching layer.

[0015] The first polarization-sensitive structure is a cross-shaped metal patch along the E-plane and H-plane of the antenna. The width and length of the cross-shaped metal patch are different on the E-plane and H-plane. Due to its asymmetric structure along the E-plane and H-plane, it produces a smaller coupling capacitance on the E-plane, slowing the decrease in its impedance with increasing E-plane scanning angle. It produces a larger equivalent capacitance on the H-plane, effectively suppressing the increase in the array's impedance with increasing H-plane scanning angle. For the E-plane and H-plane, the strip-shaped patches can adjust their equivalent capacitance respectively (the long side arranged along the E-plane produces the H-plane direction, i.e., the equivalent capacitance of the TE mode; the long side arranged along the H-plane produces the E-plane direction, i.e., the equivalent capacitance of the TM mode). The strip-shaped patches for E-plane adjustment and H-plane adjustment exist simultaneously and are orthogonal, forming a cross shape.

[0016] The second polarization-sensitive structure consists of two rows of long metal patches along the E-plane of the antenna. This layer primarily adjusts the equivalent capacitance generated by the H-plane (hence the absence of the E-plane strips, which form a cross-shaped structure). The number and size of these patches are designed to adjust the equivalent capacitance, and the two rows effectively act as a series connection of equivalent capacitors.

[0017] The third polarization-sensitive structure consists of an "I"-shaped metal patch arranged along the antenna's H-plane. The I-shaped structure can be thought of as a strip-shaped patch with its long edge aligned along the E-plane. The array elements are internally connected by metal strips aligned along the H-plane. This structure serves only to increase mutual coupling between adjacent elements along the H-plane, thereby improving active standing waves at the low-frequency end at large H-plane scan angles. (One of the main factors affecting active standing waves at the low-frequency end is mutual coupling between elements, namely the size of the equivalent coupling capacitance.)

[0018] The present invention also provides an ultra-wide bandwidth scanning angle single-polarization low standing wave tightly coupled antenna, comprising:

[0019] Antenna unit; the antenna unit includes a radiating structure;

[0020] as well as

[0021] The polarization-sensitive wide-angle matching structure provided above; the polarization-sensitive wide-angle matching structure is arranged above the radiation structure of the antenna unit.

[0022] The antenna unit also includes a feed structure and a metal ground. The polarization-sensitive wide-angle matching structure is placed above the antenna radiating structure and consists of a wide-angle matching layer, a polarization-sensitive structure, and a support structure. The polarization-sensitive structure has different layouts along the E-plane and H-plane directions of the array, which can produce different equivalent dielectric constants. The radiating structure includes a pair of conical radiating patches, a coupling patch, and a row of metalized short-circuit vias. The feed structure consists of two short-circuit probes, which are responsible for connecting the conical radiating patches to the inner conductor of the coaxial line and the metal ground respectively. The metal ground is a metal plate with holes punched in corresponding positions to allow the probes connected to the inner conductor of the coaxial line to pass through.

[0023] The wide-angle matching layer is a perforated dielectric substrate that is used to initially improve the impedance matching performance of the antenna. The holes in the dielectric substrate can suppress surface waves on the dielectric substrate. The wide-angle matching layer is located between the radiating patch and the polarization-sensitive structure.

[0024] The main body of the radiation structure is a pair of conical metal dipole patches, which achieve a certain impedance transformation capability through a gradually tapered structure; one arm of the metal dipole patch is connected to the inner conductor of the coaxial feed cable through a short-circuit probe through a hole in the metal floor, and the other arm is directly connected to the metal floor through a short-circuit probe. In addition, the radiation patch is also equipped with a row of metal short-circuit probes to eliminate common-mode resonance within the frequency band.

[0025] The feeding structure is two short-circuit probes, which are responsible for connecting the conical radiation patch and the inner conductor of the coaxial line and the metal ground respectively.

[0026] The metal ground is a metal plate with holes punched at corresponding positions to allow a probe connected to the inner conductor of the coaxial line to pass through, which plays a role in directional radiation of the array.

[0027] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0028] The three polarization-sensitive structures used in the polarization-sensitive wide-angle matching structure of the present invention are periodic metal patches printed on a dielectric substrate. The structure is asymmetric along the E-plane and H-plane of the antenna, which can produce different equivalent dielectric constants on the two planes. This optimized E-plane / H-plane asymmetric structure has a characteristic impedance that varies with the scanning angle. by The polarization sensitive structure used in the present invention can produce a smaller equivalent dielectric constant for the changing E-plane, so as to slow down the deterioration of the antenna characteristic impedance when it exceeds the optimal impedance matching point (50Ω); by The polarization-sensitive structure employed in this invention produces a larger equivalent dielectric constant, significantly reducing the magnitude of the antenna's characteristic impedance as the scanning angle increases, and slowing the degradation of active standing waves. This process achieves low active standing waves at large scanning angles in both the E-plane and H-plane.

[0029] Through a polarization-sensitive wide-angle matching structure, the tightly coupled array achieves an active standing wave ratio (SWR) of less than 2.0 (corresponding to a return loss (S11) below -9dB) across a 0° to 60° scan angle along both the E- and H-planes over an ultra-wideband range of 6GHz to 18GHz. In large-scale, high-power phased arrays, ultra-wideband arrays with low return loss (low SWR) can ensure the safety of active components and improve array gain, offering promising applications. Furthermore, a row of grounded shorting probes is incorporated into the tightly coupled radiating arms of the antenna to eliminate common-mode resonances caused by the periodic arrangement of the vertical feed structure, thereby ensuring the antenna's operating bandwidth. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the specific embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0031] Figure 1Schematic diagram of the polarization-sensitive wide-angle matching structure of the ultra-wide bandwidth sweep angle low standing wave tightly coupled antenna unit of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ultra-wide bandwidth sweep angle low standing wave tightly coupled antenna proposed in the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 It is the first polarization sensitive structure of the ultra-wide bandwidth sweep angle low standing wave tightly coupled antenna unit proposed in the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 The second polarization sensitive structure of the ultra-wide bandwidth scanning angle low standing wave tightly coupled antenna unit proposed in the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 The third polarization sensitive structure of the ultra-wide bandwidth scanning angle low standing wave tightly coupled antenna unit proposed in the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 It is a wide-angle matching layer of the ultra-wide bandwidth sweep angle low standing wave tightly coupled antenna unit proposed by the present invention;

[0037] Figure 7 A top view of the radiation structure and feeding structure of the ultra-wide bandwidth sweep angle low standing wave tightly coupled antenna unit proposed in the present invention;

[0038] Figure 8 This is a bottom view of the radiation structure and feeding structure of the ultra-wide bandwidth scanning angle low standing wave tightly coupled antenna unit proposed in the present invention;

[0039] Figure 9 The metal ground of the ultra-wide bandwidth sweep angle low standing wave tightly coupled antenna unit proposed by the present invention;

[0040] Figure 10 The active standing wave ratio curve of the present invention at the scanning angles of 0°, 45°, 60° and 70° on the E plane;

[0041] Figure 11 The active standing wave ratio curve of the present invention at the scanning angles of 0°, 45°, 60° and 70° on the H plane;

[0042] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the array structure of a 12×12 array (with 8×8 array elements excited in the center) composed of tightly coupled antenna units proposed in the present invention;

[0043] Figure 13 These are the normal radiation patterns of the 12×12 (center 8×8 array element excitation) tightly coupled array proposed in this invention at 6 GHz, 9 GHz, 12 GHz, 15 GHz, and 18 GHz frequencies.

[0044] Reference numerals:

[0045] 1 - first polarization sensitive structure; 2 - first polarization sensitive structure dielectric substrate; 3 - PMI support material; 4 - second polarization sensitive structure; 5 - second polarization sensitive structure dielectric substrate; 6 - third polarization sensitive structure; 7 - first dielectric substrate adhesive layer; 8 - wide angle matching layer; 9 - second dielectric substrate adhesive layer; 10 - PMI filled cylinder; 11 - conical radiating patch; 12 - metallized shorted via array; 13 - feed metallized via; 14 - ground metallized via; 15 - coupling metal patch; 16 - third dielectric substrate adhesive layer; 17 - radiating structure support dielectric substrate; 18 - fourth dielectric substrate adhesive layer; 19 - metal ground plane. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The embodiments of the technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and therefore only serve as examples, and cannot limit the protection scope of the present application.

[0047] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the present application should be understood as the usual meanings understood by the skilled person in the field of the present application.

[0048] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "X axis", "Y axis", etc. are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0049] In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited;

[0050] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected", "connected", "directly connected" and the like should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or it can be integrated; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal communication or interaction relationship of two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0051] As Figure 1As shown, a schematic diagram of a polarization-sensitive wide-angle matching structure of an ultra-wide bandwidth scanning angle low standing wave tightly coupled antenna unit provided by the present invention includes a first polarization-sensitive structure 1, the first polarization-sensitive structure 1 is printed on a first polarization-sensitive structure dielectric substrate 2, and the first polarization-sensitive structure dielectric substrate 2 and the second polarization-sensitive structure dielectric substrate 5 are supported and isolated by a PMI support material 3. The second polarization-sensitive structure 4 and the third polarization-sensitive structure 6 are printed on the upper and lower sides of the second polarization-sensitive structure dielectric substrate 5, respectively. The second polarization-sensitive structure dielectric substrate 5 and the wide-angle matching layer 8 are bonded by the first dielectric substrate adhesive layer 7. There is a hole in the middle of the wide-angle matching layer 8 to destroy the propagation of surface waves, and PMI filling cylinders 10 are used to fill some of the holes. The above-mentioned polarization-sensitive wide-angle matching structure is bonded to the radiation structure below through the second dielectric substrate adhesive layer 9.

[0052] The second polarization-sensitive structure 4 and the third polarization-sensitive structure 6 are respectively printed on the upper and lower sides of the second polarization-sensitive structure dielectric substrate 5 in order to reduce cost and thickness. However, the second polarization-sensitive structure 4 and the third polarization-sensitive structure 6 can also be respectively printed on one polarization-sensitive structure dielectric substrate.

[0053] like Figure 3 As shown, the present invention provides a first polarization-sensitive structure 1 of an ultra-wide bandwidth scanning angle low standing wave tightly coupled antenna unit, the first polarization-sensitive structure 1 is printed on a first polarization-sensitive structure dielectric substrate 2; the first polarization-sensitive structure 1 is a rectangular patch along the E-plane and a rectangular patch along the H-plane placed orthogonally to form an asymmetric cross-shaped metal patch. The width and length of the cross-shaped metal patch on the E-plane and the H-plane are different. In one embodiment, the number of cross-shaped metal patches is four, and each cross-shaped metal patch has a rectangular patch length of 3 mm and a width of 0.1 mm along the E-plane; and a rectangular patch length of 2.8 mm and a width of 0.4 mm along the H-plane.

[0054] like Figure 4 As shown, the second polarization-sensitive structure 4 of the ultra-wideband, sweep-angle, low-standing-wave, tightly coupled antenna unit provided by the present invention is printed on the upper side of the second polarization-sensitive structure dielectric substrate 5. The second polarization-sensitive structure 4 comprises two rows of metal strips arranged along the H-plane. In one embodiment, each row of metal strips contains 10 rectangular patches, each measuring 3 mm x 0.3 mm. The closest spacing between the two rows of metal strips is 0.1 mm.

[0055] like Figure 5As shown, the third polarization-sensitive structure 6 of the ultra-wide bandwidth, sweep angle, low standing wave, tightly coupled antenna unit provided by the present invention is printed on the underside of the second polarization-sensitive structure dielectric substrate 5. The third polarization-sensitive structure 6 is in the shape of an "I." In one embodiment, the two short rectangular metal patches of the "I" shape measure 3 mm x 0.2 mm, and the long rectangular metal patch in the middle measures 7.1 mm x 0.2 mm.

[0056] like Figure 6 As shown, the wide-angle matching layer 8 of the ultra-wideband sweep angle, low standing wave, tightly coupled antenna unit provided by the present invention is a perforated dielectric substrate, used to initially improve the antenna's impedance matching performance. The holes in the dielectric substrate suppress surface waves within the dielectric substrate. The wide-angle matching layer 8 is located between the radiating patch and the polarization-sensitive structure. The wide-angle matching layer 8 contains multiple evenly distributed holes to suppress surface wave propagation. The holes below the dielectric substrate are filled with PMI filling cylinders 10 to prevent backflow of the adhesive between the upper and lower adhesive layers.

[0057] like Figure 2 As shown, the present invention provides an ultra-wide bandwidth scanning angle low standing wave tightly coupled antenna unit, which includes a radiation structure, a feeding structure and a metal ground.

[0058] The radiating structure consists of a pair of conical metal dipole patches, whose gradually tapering shape achieves a certain impedance transformation capability. One arm of the metal dipole patch connects to the inner conductor of the coaxial feed cable via a shorting probe through a hole in the metal floor, while the other arm connects directly to the metal floor via a shorting probe. A row of metal shorting probes is also attached to the radiating patch to eliminate common-mode resonance within the frequency band. The ground arm of the conical metal dipole patch is connected along the H-plane.

[0059] The radiating structure includes a conical radiating patch 11 and a coupling metal patch 15. The conical radiating patch 11 is printed on a dielectric substrate 17 that supports the radiating structure. A row of metalized short-circuit vias 12 is present on the ground side of the conical radiating patch 11 to shift the common-mode resonance out of the high-frequency band. A coupling metal patch 15 is present below the conical radiating patch 11 to increase the equivalent capacitance between adjacent array elements. Due to material thickness limitations, the dielectric substrate 17 supporting the radiating structure is divided into three layers of dielectric substrate made of the same material, bonded together by a third dielectric substrate adhesive layer 16 and a fourth dielectric substrate adhesive layer 18. The feeding side of the conical radiating patch 11 is connected to the connector feeding inner conductor via a feeding metalized via 13, and the grounding side is connected to the metal ground 19 via a grounding metalized via 14.

[0060] The feeding structure consists of two short-circuit probes, which are responsible for connecting the conical radiation patch and the inner conductor of the coaxial cable and the metal ground respectively.

[0061] The metal ground is a metal plate with holes punched at corresponding positions to allow the probe connected to the inner conductor of the coaxial cable to pass through, which plays the role of directional radiation of the array.

[0062] like Figure 7 As shown, a top view of the radiation structure and feeding structure of an ultra-wide bandwidth scanning angle low standing wave tightly coupled antenna unit provided by the present invention includes a conical radiation patch 11, a metallized short-circuit via row 12, a feeding metallized via 13 and a grounding metallized via 14. The feeding arm of the conical radiation patch 11 is connected to the feeding metallized via 13, and one side of the grounding arm of the conical radiation patch 11 is connected to the metallized short-circuit via row 12 and the grounding metallized via 14, which plays a role in suppressing in-band common mode resonance.

[0063] like Figure 8 As shown, a bottom view of the radiation structure and feeding structure of an ultra-wide bandwidth scanning angle low standing wave tightly coupled antenna unit provided by the present invention includes a metallized short-circuit via row 12, a feeding metallized via 13, a grounding metallized via 14 and a coupling metal patch 15; the coupling metal patch 15 is a rectangular metal patch with a size of 2.1mm×0.8mm, and is located below the conical radiation patch 11 of the adjacent unit.

[0064] like Figure 9 As shown, the metal ground 19 of the ultra-wide bandwidth scanning angle low standing wave tightly coupled antenna unit provided by the present invention has holes dug on it for the feeding metallized via 13 to pass through and connect to the inner conductor of the connector.

[0065] Figure 10 The following are the active standing wave ratio (ASWR) curves for the present invention at E-plane scanning angles of 0°, 45°, 60°, and 70°. When the E-plane scanning angle range is 0° to 60°, the proposed ultra-wideband sweep angle, low standing wave, tightly coupled antenna maintains an ASR below 1.9. When scanning to 70° on the E-plane, the proposed ultra-wideband sweep angle, low standing wave, tightly coupled antenna maintains an ASR below 2.7, outperforming existing ultra-wideband tightly coupled arrays.

[0066] Figure 11 The following are the active standing wave ratio (ASWR) curves for the present invention at H-plane scanning angles of 0°, 45°, 60°, and 70°. When the H-plane scanning angle range is 0° to 60°, the proposed ultra-wideband sweep angle, low standing wave, tightly coupled antenna maintains an ASR below 1.9. When scanning to 70°, the proposed ultra-wideband sweep angle, low standing wave, tightly coupled antenna maintains an ASR below 2.7, outperforming existing ultra-wideband tightly coupled arrays.

[0067] Figure 12This is a schematic diagram of the ultra-wide bandwidth, sweep angle, low standing wave, tightly coupled antenna array proposed in the present invention. As an illustration, this array uses 12×12 array elements, of which the central 8×8 array elements are excited, and the two rows / columns of array elements on each edge serve as dummy elements to suppress edge truncation effects.

[0068] Figure 13 This is the normal radiation pattern of the ultra-wide bandwidth sweep angle low standing wave tightly coupled antenna array proposed in the present invention at 6 GHz, 9 GHz, 12 GHz, 15 GHz and 18 GHz frequencies.

[0069] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the above embodiments can still be modified, or some or all of the technical features therein can be replaced with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the corresponding technical solutions to essentially deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. Polarization-sensitive wide-angle matching structure, characterized in that: include: a first polarization sensitive structure dielectric substrate; A first polarization-sensitive structure is provided on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate of the first polarization-sensitive structure, and is used to further improve the high-frequency impedance mismatch phenomenon of the ultra-wide bandwidth scanning angle single-polarization tightly coupled antenna and the tightly coupled array under large scanning angles in the E-plane and H-plane; a second polarization sensitive structure dielectric substrate; A second polarization-sensitive structure is provided on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate of the second polarization-sensitive structure, and is used to improve the impedance mismatch phenomenon in the entire frequency band of the ultra-wide bandwidth scanning angle single-polarization tightly coupled antenna and the tightly coupled array under large scanning angles in the E-plane and H-plane; A third polarization-sensitive structure is provided on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate of the second polarization-sensitive structure, and is used to improve the low-frequency impedance mismatch phenomenon of the ultra-wide bandwidth scanning angle single-polarization tightly coupled antenna and the tightly coupled array under the condition of large H-plane scanning angle; an isolation layer, disposed between the first polarization-sensitive structure dielectric substrate and the second polarization-sensitive structure dielectric substrate, and used for supporting and isolating the first polarization-sensitive structure dielectric substrate and the second polarization-sensitive structure dielectric substrate; A wide-angle matching layer is provided below the second polarization-sensitive structure dielectric substrate; A slot structure for destroying surface wave propagation is provided on the wide-angle matching layer; the first polarization-sensitive structure is a cross-shaped metal patch along the E-plane and H-plane directions of the antenna, and the width and length of the cross-shaped metal patch on the E-plane and H-plane are different; The second polarization sensitive structure is a double row of long strip metal patches arranged along the E-plane of the antenna; The third polarization sensitive structure is an "I"-shaped metal patch arranged along the H-plane of the antenna.

2. The polarization-sensitive wide-angle matching structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slot structure arranged on the wide-angle matching layer for destroying the propagation of surface waves includes a central hole.

3. The polarization-sensitive wide-angle matching structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The slot structure arranged on the wide-angle matching layer for destroying the propagation of surface waves further includes a slot located on the outer side of the wide-angle matching layer.

4. The polarization-sensitive wide-angle matching structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The wide-angle matching layer is rectangular, and the grooves located on the outer side of the wide-angle matching layer include quarter-circle grooves located at the four corners of the rectangular wide-angle matching layer and half-circle grooves located at the side.

5. The polarization-sensitive wide-angle matching structure according to claim 1, wherein: The isolation layer is PMI foam.

6. An ultra-wide bandwidth scanning angle single-polarization low standing wave tightly coupled antenna, characterized by comprising: Antenna unit; The antenna unit includes a radiating structure; The polarization-sensitive wide-angle matching structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5; The polarization-sensitive wide-angle matching structure is arranged above the radiation structure of the antenna unit.

7. The ultra-wide bandwidth scanning angle single-polarization low standing wave tightly coupled antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that the antenna unit also includes a feeding structure and a metal ground.

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