Photovoltaic panel waste heat recovery system and use method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of photovoltaic panel waste heat utilization, and discloses a photovoltaic panel waste heat recovery system and a using method thereof.The photovoltaic panel waste heat recovery system comprises a waste heat recovery device which specifically comprises a cold water tank, a hot water storage tank, a pumping device and a heat absorption pipe arranged in an S shape; according to the system, cold water is actively pumped into the heat absorption pipe arranged on the back of the photovoltaic panel in an S shape through the pumping device, compared with a traditional mode simply depending on natural convection, waste heat emitted by the photovoltaic panel can be more sufficiently absorbed through the active circulation heating mode, and therefore more water is heated, and the temperature of hot water is increased; meanwhile, the waste heat recovery time can be freely adjusted at any time, so that the requirements of actual working conditions are met, and the waste heat recovery efficiency is also guaranteed; in addition, the S-shaped heat absorption pipes increase the contact surface area and contact time of the heat absorption pipes and the back of the photovoltaic panel, effective transfer of heat is further promoted, and the waste heat recovery effect is remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic panel waste heat utilization, and specifically relates to a photovoltaic panel waste heat recovery system and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] As the global demand for clean energy continues to increase, solar energy has been widely used as a renewable and pollution-free energy source. Photovoltaic panels are the core components of solar power generation systems, and their working efficiency directly affects the power generation performance of the entire system.

[0003] However, photovoltaic panels face some problems during operation: On the one hand, photovoltaic panels will generate a lot of waste heat while absorbing solar energy and converting it into electricity. If this waste heat cannot be effectively utilized, it will not only cause energy waste, but also cause the temperature of the photovoltaic panels to be too high due to heat accumulation, affecting their power generation efficiency and service life. Traditional photovoltaic panel systems often ignore the recycling of this part of waste heat. On the other hand, photovoltaic panels are exposed to the outdoor environment for a long time, and dust and other dirt are easily accumulated on the surface. The accumulation of dust will reduce the efficiency of photovoltaic panels to absorb sunlight, thereby affecting the power generation efficiency. At present, common cleaning methods have certain limitations, such as low efficiency, high cost and difficulty in frequent manual cleaning; some automated cleaning equipment has complex structure, high cost or unsatisfactory cleaning effect. In addition, the angle of photovoltaic panels is fixed or inconvenient to adjust, and it cannot be optimized and adjusted according to the changes in the position of the sun in different time periods and seasons, resulting in the inability to always maintain the best light reception state, further affecting the power generation efficiency. The above phenomena are all problems that need to be solved in the field of photovoltaic panels.

[0004] In order to solve the problem of waste heat recovery from photovoltaic panels, existing technologies mostly use simple heat exchangers to achieve waste heat recovery. Usually, cold water pipes are arranged near solar panels, and part of the heat emitted by the solar panels is absorbed through heat conduction to heat the cold water. However, this method leads to low heat exchange efficiency. For example, in some small solar water heaters and solar power panels combined systems, cold water flows slowly in the pipes, and the heat exchange with the solar panels is limited. The temperature of the hot water generated is not high and the water volume is small, resulting in low heat exchange efficiency, which greatly affects the waste heat recovery effect.

[0005] It can be seen that the existing photovoltaic panel waste heat recovery method has limited heat exchange with the solar panel, the hot water temperature is not high and the water volume is small, resulting in low heat exchange efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention provides a photovoltaic panel waste heat recovery system and a method for using the same, in order to solve the technical problem that the existing photovoltaic panel waste heat recovery method has limited heat exchange with the solar panel, the temperature of the generated hot water is not high and the water volume is small, resulting in low heat exchange efficiency.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical contents: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a photovoltaic panel waste heat recovery system, comprising a waste heat recovery device arranged on a roof; the waste heat recovery device comprises a cold water tank, a hot water storage tank, a pump, and a heat absorption pipe; The cold water tank, the heat absorption pipe, and the hot water storage tank are connected in sequence; The cold water tank is connected to the pump, and the cold water in the cold water tank can be pumped into the heat absorption pipe through the pump; The heat absorbing tube is arranged on the back of the photovoltaic panel and is arranged in an S shape.

[0008] Furthermore, the cold water pipe is vertically arranged to form a U-shaped communicating vessel with the cold water tank, the inlet end of the U-shaped communicating vessel is connected to the water outlet of the cold water tank, and the outlet end is connected to the water inlet of the heat absorption tube.

[0009] Furthermore, it also includes a dust cleaning and cooling device arranged on the roof; the dust cleaning and cooling device includes a pumping water tank; the water outlet end of the pumping water tank is connected to an impact-type water mist device, and the impact-type water mist device is arranged on the top of the photovoltaic panel; the water in the pumping water tank is sprayed out through the impact-type water mist device to cool down and clean the photovoltaic panel.

[0010] Furthermore, the impact-type water mist device includes a nozzle and a baffle; the nozzle is connected to the pumping water tank through a water supply pipe, and the baffle is fixed to the top of the photovoltaic panel. The nozzle and the baffle cooperate to form water mist after water is sprayed out from the nozzle and hits the baffle, and the water mist is sprayed on the surface of the photovoltaic panel.

[0011] Furthermore, the pumping water storage tank includes a controller, a pumping unit and a water tank; the controller is connected to the pumping unit, and the pumping unit is used to pump water in the water tank to the impact water mist generator.

[0012] Furthermore, the pumping unit adopts a pump; the water tank is connected to the cold water tank.

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes a power and adjustment device arranged on the roof; the power and adjustment device includes a regulation box; The regulating box comprises a motor, an electric sliding rod and a sliding rod; the output end of the motor is connected to the electric sliding rod; the two ends of the sliding rod are respectively connected to an electric sliding rod; the sliding rod is connected to a telescopic rod for supporting the photovoltaic panel; The motor can control the extension and retraction of the electric sliding rod, thereby driving the sliding rod and the telescopic rod to move, thereby adjusting the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel.

[0014] Furthermore, the hot water storage tank is provided with a water outlet, and the water outlet is used to be connected to an external hot water supply system; the hot water storage tank is connected to a sedimentation pipe, and the sedimentation pipe is used to precipitate impurities in the hot water storage tank.

[0015] In a second aspect, a method for using a photovoltaic panel waste heat recovery system is provided, based on the above photovoltaic panel waste heat recovery system, including a waste heat recovery process, and the specific steps are as follows: Open the valve at the water outlet at the lower end of the cold water tank, and let the cold water flow downward by gravity until the cold water level rises to the height of the pump; Start the pump to allow cold water to flow into the heat absorbing tube on the back of the photovoltaic panel. The cold water in the heat absorbing tube absorbs the excess heat generated by the photovoltaic panel during the power generation process to achieve heat exchange. The hot water after heat exchange flows into the hot water storage tank through the heat absorption pipe.

[0016] Furthermore, it also includes a dust removal and cooling process and a photovoltaic panel angle adjustment process, wherein: The specific steps of the dust removal and cooling process include: Using a controller of a pumping water storage tank, a pumping unit is controlled to pump water from the water tank to an impact water mist generator; The water sprayed from the nozzle of the impact water mister hits the baffle, forming a uniform water mist and spraying it on the surface of the photovoltaic panel, so that the photovoltaic panel is cooled down; at the same time, during the falling process of the water mist, the water mist entrains and takes away the dust on the surface of the photovoltaic panel; The specific steps of the photovoltaic panel angle adjustment process include: Start the motor to control the extension and retraction of the electric sliding rod; The electric sliding rod is extended and retracted to drive the sliding rod together with the telescopic rod to move, thereby adjusting the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention provides a photovoltaic panel waste heat recovery system, which includes a waste heat recovery device, specifically including a cold water tank, a hot water storage tank, a pumper, and an S-shaped heat absorbing pipe; the system uses a pumper to actively pump cold water to the S-shaped heat absorbing pipe on the back of the photovoltaic panel. Compared with the traditional method of simply relying on natural convection, this active circulation heating method can more fully absorb the waste heat emitted by the photovoltaic panel, thereby heating more water and increasing the temperature of the hot water; at the same time, the waste heat recovery time can be freely adjusted at any time to meet the needs of actual working conditions and ensure the waste heat recovery efficiency; in addition, the S-shaped heat absorbing pipe increases the surface area and contact time of contact with the back of the photovoltaic panel, further promoting the effective transfer of heat, so that the waste heat recovery effect is significantly improved. The recovery system can absorb waste heat and convert it into hot water and store it in the hot water storage tank, improve the heat exchange efficiency, realize the efficient recovery of waste heat, solve the problem of energy waste, and provide users with available hot water resources.

[0018] Preferably, in the present invention, the cold water pipe is vertically arranged and forms a U-shaped connecting vessel with the cold water tank. This design helps to ensure the stable flow of cold water before it flows into the heat absorption tube, while reducing the pressure loss and flow unevenness that may be caused by improper pipeline layout, further improving the stability and efficiency of the waste heat recovery system.

[0019] Preferably, in the present invention, by adding a dust cleaning and cooling device, the system can cool down and clean the photovoltaic panels while recovering waste heat, thereby maintaining efficient operation of the photovoltaic panels; cooling helps to reduce heat loss of the photovoltaic panels and improve power generation efficiency; cleaning can prevent the decrease in power generation efficiency caused by dust accumulation and extend the service life of the photovoltaic panels; and the dust cleaning and cooling device and the waste heat recovery device produce a synergistic effect; the dust cleaning and cooling device can greatly improve the recovery efficiency of the waste heat recovery device while ensuring the recovery effect.

[0020] Further preferably, in the present invention, the impact-type water mist device forms water mist and sprays it evenly on the surface of the photovoltaic panel through the cooperation of the nozzle and the baffle. This design not only improves the cooling and cleaning effects, but also reduces the waste of water resources. The evaporation of the water mist can also take away the heat from the surface of the photovoltaic panel and the dust and impurities on the surface, ensuring the cleaning and cooling effect.

[0021] Further preferably, in the present invention, the pumping water tank adopts a combination design of a controller and a pumping unit, which realizes the precise control and pumping of the water in the tank; this design not only improves the automation level of the system, but also can automatically adjust the spraying amount and frequency of the water mist according to the actual temperature and dust conditions of the photovoltaic panels, thereby realizing efficient cooling and cleaning of the photovoltaic panels.

[0022] Further preferably, in the present invention, by using the same pumping device as the waste heat recovery device as the pumping unit and connecting the water tank to the cold water tank, the sharing and optimal utilization of system resources are achieved; this design not only reduces the construction cost of the system, but also improves the overall operation efficiency and reliability of the system.

[0023] Preferably, in the present invention, by adding a power and regulating device, the system can adjust the inclination angle of the photovoltaic panel as needed, thereby optimizing the angle and efficiency of receiving solar radiation; this design not only improves the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic panel, but also can be flexibly adjusted according to seasonal and weather changes to achieve efficient utilization of solar energy resources; the power and regulating device has a synergistic effect with the cleaning and cooling device and the waste heat recovery device, because the power and regulating device can improve the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic panel through angle adjustment, and the cleaning and cooling device can also improve the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic panel through cooling and cleaning, and both contribute to the waste heat recovery device; ensuring that the system achieves the best waste heat recovery effect.

[0024] Preferably, in the present invention, the water outlet of the hot water storage tank is connected to the external hot water supply system, realizing the hot water supply function of the waste heat recovery system; at the same time, by connecting the sedimentation tube to precipitate the impurities in the hot water storage tank, the cleanliness of the hot water and the long-term stable operation of the system are ensured; this design not only improves the practicality of the system, but also provides users with stable and reliable hot water supply services.

[0025] The present invention also provides a method for using a photovoltaic panel waste heat recovery system. Based on the above-mentioned photovoltaic panel waste heat recovery system, this method opens the valve at the water outlet at the lower end of the cold water tank, uses gravity to make the cold water flow to the height of the pump, and then starts the pump to actively pump the cold water into the S-shaped heat absorption tube on the back of the photovoltaic panel; in this process, the cold water can fully absorb the excess heat generated by the photovoltaic panel during the power generation process to achieve efficient heat exchange; the hot water after heat exchange is collected in a hot water storage tank for subsequent use; compared with the problems of slow flow of cold water in the pipeline and low heat exchange efficiency in the prior art, this method of use significantly improves the heat exchange efficiency and increases the temperature and water volume of the hot water through active pumping and S-shaped heat absorption tube design, thereby achieving efficient recovery and utilization of waste heat from the photovoltaic panel.

[0026] Preferably, in the present invention, efficient maintenance and performance optimization of photovoltaic panels are achieved by adding a dust cleaning and cooling process and a photovoltaic panel angle adjustment process; in the dust cleaning and cooling process, a pumping water storage tank and an impact-type water mist generator are used to pump water out of the water tank and form a uniform water mist to be sprayed on the surface of the photovoltaic panel, which can not only effectively reduce the temperature of the photovoltaic panel and improve its power generation efficiency, but also simultaneously remove dust on the surface of the photovoltaic panel to prevent the power generation efficiency from decreasing due to dust accumulation; in the photovoltaic panel angle adjustment process, the electric sliding rod is controlled by starting a motor to extend and retract, thereby adjusting the inclination angle of the photovoltaic panel, so that it can always maintain the best angle for receiving solar radiation according to changes in different seasons, weather and solar altitude angles, thereby maximizing the use of solar energy resources and improving the power generation and waste heat recovery efficiency of the photovoltaic panel; the combination of these two processes not only improves the overall performance and practicality of the system, but also extends the service life of the photovoltaic panel, bringing better economic and environmental benefits to users. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic panel waste heat recovery system provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A rear view of a photovoltaic panel waste heat recovery system provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A front cross-sectional view of a regulating box of a photovoltaic panel waste heat recovery system provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 A rear view from another angle of a photovoltaic panel waste heat recovery system provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 A partial view of an impact-type water mist generator for a photovoltaic panel waste heat recovery system provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Reference numerals: 1. Roof; 2. Cold water tank; 3. Hot water storage tank; 4. Photovoltaic panel; 5. Pumping water storage tank; 6. Pumping device; 7. Regulating box; 8. Cold water pipe; 9. Water outlet; 10. Hot water pipe; 11. Sedimentation pipe; 12. Impact water mist generator; 13. Telescopic rod; 14. Water supply pipe; 15. Sliding rod; 16. Heat absorption pipe; 17. Electric sliding rod; 18. Motor; 19. Baffle; 20. Nozzle; 21. Fixing buckle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail in the following specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0030] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0031] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0033] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that if the terms "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "inner", etc. indicate an orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of the invention is usually placed when in use, it is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0034] In addition, if the term "horizontal" appears, it does not mean that the component must be absolutely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", which does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0035] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal connection of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0036] Example 1 Combined with the background technology mentioned above, the current application of photovoltaic panels is as follows: About heat dissipation: Some existing solar panels mainly rely on natural wind convection for heat dissipation. The solar panels are installed on a fixed bracket, and the heat generated by the solar panels when working is taken away by natural wind by increasing the contact area with the air.

[0037] About waste heat utilization: For waste heat utilization, some systems use simple heat exchangers. The cold water pipes are arranged near the solar panels, and part of the heat emitted by the solar panels is absorbed by heat conduction to heat the cold water, but the heat exchange efficiency is low. For example, in some small solar water heaters and solar panels combined systems, the cold water flows slowly in the pipes, and the heat exchange with the solar panels is limited, so the hot water produced is not hot and the water volume is small.

[0038] About cooling: By installing a nozzle above the solar panel, the spray device is started at a fixed time or according to the temperature sensor signal. The water sprayed from the nozzle is directly sprinkled on the surface of the solar panel, and the water evaporates and takes away the heat to achieve cooling. The cooling system consists of: including water tanks, water pumps, nozzles, temperature sensors and controllers. The water tank stores water for spraying, and the water pump pumps water from the water tank to the nozzle. The temperature sensor monitors the temperature of the solar panel. When the temperature reaches the set threshold, the controller starts the water pump for spraying. For example, in some large solar power stations, this method is used to cool the solar panels during high temperature periods to maintain their power generation efficiency.

[0039] The above application situations can summarize the shortcomings of current photovoltaic panels in practical applications: Limited heat dissipation effect: Natural wind convection heat dissipation is greatly affected by environmental factors. In windless or breezy weather, the heat dissipation effect is poor, which can easily lead to excessive temperature of solar panels and affect power generation efficiency. According to research data, in hot and windless weather, the temperature of solar panels may be 20-30℃ higher than the normal operating temperature, and the power generation efficiency will be reduced by 10%-20%.

[0040] Insufficient waste heat utilization: The heat exchange area of ​​a simple heat exchanger is limited, and the contact between cold water and solar panels is not optimized, resulting in low waste heat utilization. The temperature and volume of hot water produced are difficult to meet actual needs, and efficient energy comprehensive utilization cannot be achieved.

[0041] Waste of water resources: Sprinkler cooling systems consume a lot of water resources, especially in arid areas, where water access and cost are important issues. Moreover, most of the sprayed water is directly lost and not effectively recycled.

[0042] Damage risk: Direct water spraying may cause potential damage to solar panels, such as accelerating panel aging and causing circuit short circuits. Long-term spraying may damage the protective coating on the surface of the solar panels and reduce the service life of the solar panels. In addition, if the water quality is poor, impurities in the water will remain on the panels, which will also affect the light transmittance and power generation efficiency of the solar panels.

[0043] Lack of intelligent control: Most existing systems lack precise intelligent control mechanisms. They cannot comprehensively optimize the heat dissipation and waste heat utilization process based on multiple factors such as the real-time temperature of the solar panels, light intensity, and ambient humidity. For example, when the temperature is slightly higher but still within the normal operating range of the solar panels, the heat dissipation or waste heat utilization system may be over-activated, resulting in energy waste; and when the temperature is too high, the system operating parameters cannot be adjusted in a timely and effective manner to ensure that the solar panels are working in the best condition.

[0044] Low system integration: The heat dissipation and waste heat utilization systems are independent of each other, and no highly integrated overall solution has been formed. The poor collaboration between the various parts has resulted in limited performance improvement of the entire system and relatively high installation and maintenance costs. For example, there are complexities in pipeline layout, equipment connection, and control coordination, which increases the probability of system failure and the difficulty of maintenance.

[0045] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a photovoltaic panel waste heat recovery system. The use of this waste heat recovery system can effectively solve the above problems, especially the current problems of low waste heat recovery efficiency and poor recovery effect, which can be effectively improved by using this system.

[0046] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments: like Figure 1 As shown, the present embodiment provides a photovoltaic panel waste heat recovery system, and the photovoltaic panel waste heat recovery system includes a waste heat recovery device, specifically including a cold water tank 2, a hot water storage tank 3, a pump 6, and a heat absorption pipe 16; the cold water tank 2, the hot water storage tank 3, and the pump 6 are all installed on the plane of the roof 1; the heat absorption pipe 16 is arranged in an S shape on the back of the photovoltaic panel 4 to achieve sufficient heat exchange with the photovoltaic panel 4; wherein the cold water tank 2, the heat absorption pipe 16, and the hot water storage tank 3 are connected in sequence; the cold water tank 2 is connected to the pump 6, and the cold water in the cold water tank 2 can be pumped into the heat absorption pipe 16 through the pump 6; the cold water tank 2 and the heat absorption pipe 16 are connected through a cold water pipe 8; the heat absorption pipe 16 and the hot water storage tank 3 are connected through a hot water pipe 10; the hot water storage tank 3 is connected to an external hot water supply system through an opened water outlet 9; combined with Figure 4 As shown, the S-shaped heat absorption tube 16 is installed and fixed on the back of the photovoltaic panel 4 using a fixing buckle 21.

[0047] In this embodiment, in order to ensure the quality of hot water in the hot water storage tank, a sedimentation pipe 11 is additionally provided to precipitate impurities in the hot water storage tank 3 .

[0048] The recovery system includes a waste heat recovery device, specifically including a cold water tank 2, a hot water storage tank 3, a pumper 6 and an S-shaped heat absorption tube 16; the system uses the pumper 6 to actively pump cold water to the S-shaped heat absorption tube 16 on the back of the photovoltaic panel 4. Compared with the traditional method that simply relies on natural convection, this active circulation heating method can more fully absorb the waste heat emitted by the photovoltaic panel, thereby heating more water and increasing the temperature of the hot water; at the same time, the waste heat recovery time can be freely adjusted at any time to meet the needs of actual working conditions and ensure the waste heat recovery efficiency; the S-shaped heat absorption tube 16 increases the surface area and contact time with the back of the photovoltaic panel 4, further promotes the effective transfer of heat, and significantly improves the waste heat recovery effect.

[0049] The water outlet 9 of the hot water storage tank 3 is connected to the external hot water supply system, realizing the hot water supply function of the waste heat recovery system; at the same time, by connecting the sedimentation tube 11 to precipitate impurities in the hot water storage tank, the cleanliness of the hot water and the long-term stable operation of the system are guaranteed; this design not only improves the practicality of the system, but also provides users with stable and reliable hot water supply services.

[0050] Example 2 Another example Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the present embodiment also provides another photovoltaic panel waste heat recovery system. On the basis of Example 1, a dust cleaning and cooling device is added, which specifically includes a pumping water tank 5; the water outlet end of the pumping water tank 5 is connected to an impact water mist device 12, and the impact water mist device 12 is arranged on the top of the photovoltaic panel 4; the water in the pumping water tank 5 is sprayed out through the impact water mist device 12 to cool down and clean the photovoltaic panel 4.

[0051] In this embodiment, the pumping water storage tank 5 includes a controller, a pumping unit and a water tank; the controller can be remotely controlled, and the pumping unit is controlled by the controller to pump water, that is, the water in the water tank of the pumping water storage tank 5 is pumped to the impact water mist device 12; like Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the impact water mist device 12 includes a nozzle 20 and a baffle 19; the nozzle 20 is connected to the pumping water tank 5 through the water supply pipe 14, and the baffle 19 is fixed to the top of the photovoltaic panel 4. The nozzle 20 and the baffle 19 cooperate with each other, so that water can form water mist after being sprayed out through the nozzle 20 and hitting the baffle 19, and the water mist is evenly sprayed on the surface of the photovoltaic panel 4, thereby achieving cooling and cleaning of the surface of the photovoltaic panel 4.

[0052] The dust cleaning and cooling device enables the system to cool down and clean the photovoltaic panels while recovering waste heat, thereby maintaining efficient operation of the photovoltaic panels 4; cooling helps to reduce heat loss of the photovoltaic panels 4 and improve power generation efficiency; cleaning can prevent the decrease in power generation efficiency caused by dust accumulation and extend the service life of the photovoltaic panels 4; and the dust cleaning and cooling device and the waste heat recovery device have a synergistic effect; the dust cleaning and cooling device can greatly improve the recovery efficiency of the waste heat recovery device while ensuring the recovery effect.

[0053] In this embodiment, the impact-type water mist device 12 forms water mist and sprays it evenly on the surface of the photovoltaic panel 4 through the cooperation of the nozzle 20 and the baffle 19. This design not only improves the cooling and cleaning effects, but also reduces the waste of water resources. The evaporation of the water mist can also take away the heat on the surface of the photovoltaic panel and the dust and impurities on the surface, ensuring the cleaning and cooling effect.

[0054] In this embodiment, the pumping water tank 5 adopts a combined design of a controller and a pumping unit to achieve precise control and pumping of water in the tank; this design not only improves the automation level of the system, but also automatically adjusts the spraying amount and frequency of water mist according to the actual temperature and dust conditions of the photovoltaic panels, thereby achieving efficient cooling and cleaning of the photovoltaic panels.

[0055] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the dust cleaning and cooling device realizes sharing and optimal utilization of system resources by adopting the same pumping device 6 as the waste heat recovery device as the pumping unit and connecting the water tank to the cold water tank 2; this design not only reduces the construction cost of the system, but also improves the overall operation efficiency and reliability of the system.

[0056] Example 3 like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment also provides a photovoltaic panel waste heat recovery system, which specifically includes a waste heat recovery device, a power and regulation device, and a dust cleaning and cooling device.

[0057] In this embodiment, the photovoltaic panel 4 uses 4 photovoltaic solar panels, and the specific number can be adjusted according to the actual working conditions. The bottom is connected to the telescopic rod 13, and the top is installed with an impact water mist device 12; the back is provided with a heat absorption tube 16, wherein the heat absorption tube 16 is arranged in an S shape to achieve sufficient heat exchange between cold water and the photovoltaic panel 4.

[0058] The waste heat recovery device includes a cold water tank 2, a hot water tank 3, a pump 6, and a heat absorbing pipe 16; the cold water pipe 8 connects the cold water tank 2 and the heat absorbing pipe 16, and the hot water pipe 10 connects the heat absorbing pipe 16 and the hot water tank 3. In order to improve the heat preservation effect, a heat insulation device is provided on the outer layer of the hot water pipe 10. The water supply pipe 14 is used to connect the pumping water tank 5 and the impact water mist device 12; the water outlet 9 is used to output the hot water in the hot water tank 3. The sedimentation pipe 11 is used to precipitate impurities in the hot water tank 3.

[0059] Combination Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the power and adjustment device includes an adjustment box 7, specifically including an electric sliding rod 17 and a motor 18. The extension and retraction of the electric sliding rod 17 is controlled by the motor 18, and then the angle of the photovoltaic panel 4 is adjusted by means of the sliding rod 15 and the telescopic rod 13.

[0060] The dust cleaning and cooling device comprises a pumping water storage tank 5 for providing cold water power for dust cleaning and cooling; a pumping device 6 is used for conveying cold water in the waste heat utilization pipeline and pumping cold water in the dust cleaning and cooling pipeline respectively.

[0061] The pumping water storage tank 5 is connected to the impact water mist device 12; the impact water mist device 12 includes a nozzle 20 and a baffle 19. Cold water hits the baffle 19 through the nozzle 20 to form water mist, thereby achieving cooling and cleaning of the photovoltaic panel 4.

[0062] The specific working directions of the waste heat utilization pipeline of the waste heat recovery device and the ash cleaning and cooling pipeline of the ash cleaning and cooling device are as follows: Waste heat utilization pipeline: cold water tank 2 → cold water pipe 8 → pump 6 → heat absorption pipe 16 → hot water pipe 10 → hot water storage tank 3 → water outlet 9; the water outlet at the lower end of the cold water tank 2 uses the U-tube principle to make the cold water reach the height of the pump 6, and the pump 6 sends the cold water into the heat absorption pipe 16. After the cold water absorbs the waste heat of the photovoltaic panel 4 and heats up, it flows into the hot water storage tank 3 through the hot water pipe 10, and finally supplies hot water through the water outlet 9.

[0063] Dust removal and cooling pipeline: pumping water storage tank 5 → water delivery pipe 14 → impact water mist device 12. The controller starts the pump in the pumping water storage tank 5, and sends the cold water in the water tank to the impact water mist device 12 through the water delivery pipe 14, generating water mist to remove dust and cool the photovoltaic panel 4.

[0064] This embodiment provides a photovoltaic panel waste heat recovery system, and the specific working principle is as follows: Solar panel angle adjustment: Determine the optimal initial angle of the photovoltaic panel 4 based on the geographical location, longitude and latitude, season and time of the installation site. Send instructions to the motor 18 in the adjustment box 7 through the remote control or control panel. The motor 18 controls the extension and retraction of the electric sliding rod 17, driving the sliding rod 15 to move, thereby changing the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel 4. During the adjustment process, real-time monitoring can be carried out with the help of an angle measurement tool. In special weather or after long-term non-use, fine-tuning can be performed as needed to ensure that the photovoltaic panel 4 always receives sunlight at the optimal angle, improves power generation efficiency, and also improves the effect and efficiency of waste heat recovery; specifically, Figure 4As shown, one end of the telescopic rod 13 is fixed on the sliding rod 15, and the other end is movably connected to one side of the photovoltaic panel 4. The other side of the photovoltaic panel 4 is also movably connected to a telescopic rod of a different height from the telescopic rod 13, which can cooperate with the telescopic rod 13 to achieve the inclination adjustment of the photovoltaic panel 4; when the angle needs to be adjusted, the motor 18 is started to drive the electric sliding rod 17 to move forward and backward in the horizontal direction; and then the sliding rod 15 is driven to move forward and backward; the telescopic rod 13 and the telescopic rod on the opposite side are extended and retracted, thereby achieving the inclination adjustment of the photovoltaic panel 4.

[0065] Waste heat recovery operation: open the water outlet valve at the lower end of the cold water tank 2, and the cold water flows into the cold water pipe 8 to the height of the pump 6 by gravity and the U-tube principle, and the pump 6 is started to press the cold water into the heat absorption tube 16; after the cold water absorbs the waste heat of the photovoltaic panel 4 and heats up in the heat absorption tube 16, it flows into the hot water storage tank 3 for storage through the hot water pipe 10 (because the outer insulation device reduces heat loss), and the hot water in the hot water storage tank 3 can be connected to the external hot water supply system through the outlet 9 to realize the waste heat utilization.

[0066] Start and execute dust cleaning and cooling: first check the water level of the pumping water storage tank 5, and add clean cold water if it is insufficient. Operate the controller to start the pumping unit, and the cold water enters the hollow fixed rod of the impact water mist device 12 through the water supply pipe 14, and is sprayed out from the nozzle 20 at high speed to hit the baffle 19 to form water mist. The water mist is evenly sprayed on the surface of the photovoltaic panel 4, absorbing heat to lower the temperature and carrying away the dust. Adjust the dust cleaning and cooling time and frequency according to the actual pollution and temperature of the photovoltaic panel 4. After the operation is completed, turn off the pump, check and clean the residual water droplets and debris on the surface of the impact water mist device 12 and the photovoltaic panel 4, and prepare for the next operation.

[0067] By adding power and regulating devices, the system can adjust the inclination angle of the photovoltaic panel as needed, thereby optimizing the angle and efficiency of receiving solar radiation; this design not only improves the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic panel, but also can be flexibly adjusted according to seasonal and weather changes to achieve efficient utilization of solar energy resources; the power and regulating device has a synergistic effect with the cleaning and cooling device and the waste heat recovery device, because the power and regulating device can improve the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic panel through angle adjustment, and the cleaning and cooling device can also improve the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic panel through cooling and cleaning, both of which contribute to the waste heat recovery device; ensuring that the system achieves the best waste heat recovery effect.

[0068] This embodiment provides a photovoltaic panel waste heat recovery system, and the key technical points are as follows: First, unique pipeline design and heat exchange system In the waste heat utilization pipeline, the cold water tank, cold water pipe, pump, heat absorption pipe, hot water pipe, hot water storage tank and water outlet are cleverly connected. The U-tube principle is used to allow the cold water to smoothly reach the height of the pump. The heat absorption pipe is arranged in an S shape on the back of the solar panel to ensure that the cold water is in full contact with the solar panel to absorb the waste heat and achieve efficient heat exchange. This is the key to waste heat recovery.

[0069] In the dust cleaning and cooling pipeline, the pumping water storage tank is connected to the impact water mist generator through a water supply pipe, which can accurately deliver cold water to the impact water mist generator to form effective dust cleaning and cooling water mist.

[0070] Second, the innovative impact water mister structure and function The special design of the nozzle and baffle of the impact-type water mist generator allows the cold water sprayed from the nozzle to hit the baffle to form a uniform and fine water mist, which not only achieves efficient cooling of the solar panels, but also effectively entrains dust particles to achieve the purpose of cleaning. It is an important link in ensuring the cleanliness of photovoltaic panels and normal power generation efficiency.

[0071] Third, precise solar panel angle adjustment mechanism The solar panel is connected to the adjustment box through a sliding rod and a telescopic rod. The motor in the adjustment box controls the electric sliding rod to extend and retract, thereby achieving precise adjustment of the angle of the solar panel. It can also determine the best initial angle and make dynamic adjustments based on various factors of the installation location (such as longitude and latitude, season, time period, etc.), which is a key factor in improving the lighting efficiency and power generation efficiency of the solar panel.

[0072] Fourth, thermal insulation design of hot water pipes The thermal insulation device on the outer layer of the hot water pipe effectively reduces the heat loss of hot water during transmission, ensuring that the hot water is stored in the hot water storage tank at a higher temperature, which plays an important role in ensuring the efficient operation of the waste heat utilization system.

[0073] Therefore, the present embodiment provides the following advantages: First, it solves the problem of waste heat recovery: a large amount of waste heat generated during the power generation process of traditional photovoltaic panels has not been effectively utilized, resulting in energy waste; the present invention constructs a special waste heat utilization pipeline to allow cold water to circulate in the heat absorption tube on the back of the solar panel, absorbs the waste heat and converts it into hot water stored in a hot water storage tank, thereby achieving efficient recovery of waste heat, solving the problem of energy waste, and providing users with available hot water resources.

[0074] Second, it solves the problem of cleaning photovoltaic panels: photovoltaic panels are exposed to the outdoors for a long time, and dust easily accumulates on the surface. Existing cleaning methods have problems such as low efficiency, high cost, poor effect or complex equipment. The impact water mister of the present invention uses pumped cold water to generate water mist, which entrains dust while cooling, effectively solving the problem of cleaning dirt on the surface of photovoltaic panels, improving the photovoltaic panel's absorption efficiency of sunlight, and ensuring power generation efficiency. The cleaning operation is relatively simple and can be flexibly controlled according to actual conditions.

[0075] Third, it solves the problem of optimizing the angle of solar panels: the angle of photovoltaic panels is fixed or inconvenient to adjust, and it is impossible to achieve optimal lighting according to the changes in the position of the sun at different times and seasons. The present invention uses a combination of sliding rods, telescopic rods and adjustment boxes, and the motor controls the electric sliding rod to extend and retract to accurately adjust the angle of the solar panel, so that it can maintain the best light receiving angle according to the geographical information of the installation site and the dynamic changes in the position of the sun, thereby improving the power generation efficiency. In special circumstances, it can be easily fine-tuned to adapt to different environmental conditions, ensuring efficient power generation at all times.

[0076] This embodiment also provides a method for using a photovoltaic panel waste heat recovery system, including: installation and basic settings, solar panel angle adjustment (photovoltaic panel angle adjustment process), waste heat utilization system operation (waste heat recovery process), dust cleaning and cooling system startup and dust cleaning and cooling process execution (dust cleaning and cooling process), the specific steps are as follows: Installation and basic setup: Install the entire device on the roof 1, and ensure that all components are firmly installed. According to the geographical location of the installation site and the angle of sunlight, the motor 18 in the adjustment box 7 is used to control the extension and retraction of the electric sliding rod 17, and then the sliding rod 15 and the telescopic rod 13 are used to adjust the photovoltaic panel 4 to a suitable angle to obtain sufficient light.

[0077] Solar panel angle adjustment: Determine the optimal initial angle of the photovoltaic panel 4 according to the longitude and latitude of the installation site, seasonal changes, and the position of the sun at different times of the day. Use the remote control or control panel to send instructions to the motor 18 in the adjustment box 7, start the motor 18 to control the electric sliding rod 17 to extend and retract. The extension and retraction of the electric sliding rod 17 drives the sliding rod 15 connected thereto to move, thereby changing the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel 4. During the adjustment process, the angle change of the photovoltaic panel 4 can be monitored in real time by the theodolite to ensure that it is adjusted to the predetermined angle.

[0078] Operation of the waste heat utilization system: Open the valve at the outlet of the lower end of the cold water tank 2, so that the cold water starts to flow to the cold water pipe 8 by gravity and the U-tube principle until the cold water surface rises to the height of the pump 6, ensuring that the pump 6 can extract cold water normally. Start the pump 6, and the cold water quickly enters the heat absorption pipe 16 on the back of the photovoltaic panel 4 along the cold water pipe 8 under the pressure of the pump 6. In the heat absorption pipe 16, the cold water is fully in contact with the high-temperature photovoltaic panel 4, absorbing the excess heat generated by the photovoltaic panel 4 during the power generation process, and the temperature of the cold water gradually increases. The heated hot water flows out of the heat absorption pipe 16 and flows along the hot water pipe 10 to the hot water storage tank 3. Since the outer layer of the hot water pipe 10 is provided with a heat insulation device, the heat loss of hot water during the transmission process can be effectively reduced, ensuring that the hot water is stored in the hot water storage tank 3 at a higher temperature. The hot water in the hot water storage tank 3 can be connected to the external hot water supply system through the outlet 9 to provide users with domestic hot water or other application scenarios requiring hot water, thereby realizing the effective utilization of the waste heat of the photovoltaic panel 4.

[0079] Start the dust cleaning and cooling system: Check the water level in the pumping water tank 5 to ensure that there is enough clean cold water in the water tank for dust cleaning and cooling operations. If the water level is insufficient, add clean cold water to the water tank in time. Operate the controller on the pumping water tank 5 to start the pump in the water tank. After the pump starts working, it generates a strong suction force to draw out the cold water in the water tank and pressurize it, so that it is transported to the impact water mist generator 12 along the water supply pipe 14. After the cold water enters the hollow fixed rod of the impact water mist generator 12, it is sprayed out from the nozzle 20 at high speed under the action of internal pressure. The sprayed cold water hits the baffle 19. Due to the special shape and angle design of the baffle 19, the cold water is broken into fine water mist particles.

[0080] The cleaning and cooling process is executed: the formed water mist is evenly sprayed on the surface of the photovoltaic panel 4, quickly absorbing the heat on the surface of the photovoltaic panel 4, and reducing the temperature of the photovoltaic panel 4. At the same time, the water mist can entrain the dust particles on the surface of the photovoltaic panel 4 and take away the dust during the falling process; as the cleaning and cooling process continues, the temperature on the surface of the photovoltaic panel 4 gradually decreases, and the dust is gradually removed. The time and frequency of cleaning and cooling can be reasonably controlled according to the actual pollution degree and temperature of the photovoltaic panel 4 to achieve the best cleaning and cooling effect and ensure that the photovoltaic panel 4 always maintains a high power generation efficiency. After the cleaning and cooling operation is completed, turn off the pump in the pumping water storage tank 5 and stop the cold water supply; at the same time, check whether there are any residual water droplets or debris on the surface of the impact water mist device 12 and the photovoltaic panel 4. If necessary, perform appropriate cleaning to prepare for the next cleaning and cooling operation.

[0081] The above embodiment is only one of the implementation methods that can realize the technical solution of the present invention. The scope of protection claimed by the present invention is not limited only to this embodiment, but also includes changes, replacements and other implementation methods that can be easily thought of by any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic panel waste heat recovery system, characterized in that: It comprises a waste heat recovery device arranged on a roof (1); the waste heat recovery device comprises a cold water tank (2), a hot water storage tank (3), a pump (6), and a heat absorption pipe (16); The cold water tank (2), the heat absorption pipe (16), and the hot water storage tank (3) are connected in sequence; The cold water tank (2) is connected to the pump (6), and the cold water in the cold water tank (2) can be pumped into the heat absorption pipe (16) through the pump (6); The heat absorption tube (16) is arranged on the back of the photovoltaic panel (4) and is arranged in an S shape.

2. The photovoltaic panel waste heat recovery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cold water pipe (8) is arranged vertically and forms a U-shaped communicating vessel with the cold water tank (2); the inlet end of the U-shaped communicating vessel is connected to the water outlet of the cold water tank (2), and the outlet end is connected to the water inlet of the heat absorbing pipe (16).

3. The photovoltaic panel waste heat recovery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a dust cleaning and cooling device arranged on the roof (1); the dust cleaning and cooling device includes a pumping water storage tank (5); the water outlet end of the pumping water storage tank (5) is connected to an impact-type water mist device (12), and the impact-type water mist device (12) is arranged on the top of the photovoltaic panel (4); the water in the pumping water storage tank (5) is sprayed out through the impact-type water mist device (12) to cool and clean the photovoltaic panel (4).

4. The photovoltaic panel waste heat recovery system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The impact-type water mist device (12) comprises a nozzle (20) and a baffle (19); the nozzle (20) is connected to the pumping water storage tank (5) via a water supply pipe (14); the baffle (19) is fixed to the top of the photovoltaic panel (4); the nozzle (20) and the baffle (19) cooperate with each other so that water can form water mist after being sprayed out from the nozzle (20) and impacting the baffle (19), and the water mist is evenly sprayed on the surface of the photovoltaic panel (4).

5. The photovoltaic panel waste heat recovery system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pumping water storage tank (5) comprises a controller, a pumping unit and a water tank; the controller is connected to the pumping unit, and the pumping unit is used to pump water in the water tank to the impact-type water mist device (12).

6. The photovoltaic panel waste heat recovery system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pumping unit adopts a pump (6); the water tank is connected to the cold water tank (2).

7. The photovoltaic panel waste heat recovery system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: It also includes a power and regulating device disposed on the roof (1); the power and regulating device includes a regulating box (7); The regulating box (7) comprises a motor (18), an electric sliding rod (17) and a sliding rod (15); the output end of the motor (18) is connected to the electric sliding rod (17); the two ends of the sliding rod (15) are respectively connected to an electric sliding rod (17); the sliding rod (15) is connected to a telescopic rod (13) for supporting the photovoltaic panel (4); The motor (18) can control the extension and retraction of the electric sliding rod (17), thereby driving the sliding rod (15) and the telescopic rod (13) to move, thereby adjusting the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel (4).

8. The photovoltaic panel waste heat recovery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hot water storage tank (3) is provided with a water outlet (9), and the water outlet (9) is used to be connected to an external hot water supply system; the hot water storage tank (3) is connected to a sedimentation tube (11), and the sedimentation tube (11) is used to precipitate impurities in the hot water storage tank (3).

9. A method for using a photovoltaic panel waste heat recovery system, characterized in that: The photovoltaic panel waste heat recovery system according to any one of claims 1 to 8 includes a waste heat recovery process, and the specific steps are as follows: Open the valve at the water outlet at the lower end of the cold water tank (2) to allow the cold water to flow downward by gravity until the cold water level rises to the height of the pump (6); Starting the pump (6) so that cold water enters the heat absorption tube (16) at the back of the photovoltaic panel (4), and the cold water in the heat absorption tube (16) absorbs excess heat generated by the photovoltaic panel (4) during the power generation process to achieve heat exchange; The hot water after heat exchange flows into the hot water storage tank (3) through the heat absorption pipe (16).

10. The method for using the photovoltaic panel waste heat recovery system according to claim 9, characterized in that: It also includes the dust removal and cooling process and the photovoltaic panel angle adjustment process, in which: The specific steps of the dust removal and cooling process include: Using a controller of the pumping water storage tank (5), controlling the pumping unit to pump water from the water tank to the impact water mist generator (12); Water sprayed from the nozzle (20) of the impact-type water mist device (12) impacts the baffle (19), forming a uniform water mist which is then sprayed onto the surface of the photovoltaic panel (4), thereby cooling the photovoltaic panel (4); at the same time, during the falling process of the water mist, the water mist entrains and carries away dust on the surface of the photovoltaic panel (4); The specific steps of the photovoltaic panel angle adjustment process include: Starting the motor (18) to control the electric sliding rod (17) to extend and retract; The electric sliding rod (17) is extended and retracted to drive the sliding rod (15) and the telescopic rod (13) to move, thereby adjusting the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel (4).

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