Modularized energy storage buffer device and data center liquid cooling system and method

Abstract

The invention provides a modular energy storage buffer device and a data center liquid cooling system and method. The energy storage buffer device comprises a tank body, a primary side water segregator, a primary side water collector, a secondary side water collector, a secondary side water segregator and a plurality of phase-change heat exchange arrays which are sequentially arranged in the tank body, the phase change heat exchange array comprises a plurality of phase change packaging units which are closely arranged in a matrix shape; each phase change packaging unit comprises two half splicing bodies which are symmetrical to each other; each half-spliced body comprises a packaging shell and a phase change energy storage material filled in the packaging shell; a cold supply medium groove is formed in a half-spliced body; the cooling medium grooves are spliced to form the snakelike cooling channel structure, so that a snakelike pipeline is omitted in the energy storage buffer device, and the equipment cost of the modular energy storage buffer device is reduced. And moreover, the size needed by the energy storage device is greatly reduced through the phase change energy storage material, cold release in the phase change process is more stable and efficient, and high-quality cold supply can be achieved easily.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of energy conservation and carbon reduction in data centers, and specifically relates to a modular energy storage buffer device and a data center liquid cooling system and method. Technical Background With the popularity of computing-intensive applications, data centers have an increasing demand for power and cooling systems. Liquid cooling technology has gradually become a trend in data center cooling due to its superior thermal conductivity and higher cooling efficiency. The liquid cooling system can directly conduct the coolant to the vicinity of the heat-generating components, and can dissipate heat efficiently at a lower temperature, thereby improving the operating stability of the equipment and extending its service life. However, existing liquid cooling systems often have problems such as inaccurate temperature regulation and untimely load response. When the heat load on the equipment side changes frequently, it is difficult to accurately control the water supply temperature, resulting in unstable equipment working conditions; when the heat load of the equipment suddenly increases, it is easy to have untimely load response problems, resulting in equipment over-temperature shutdown, causing significant losses. In terms of energy conservation and emission reduction, existing liquid cooling technology often starts from the perspective of optimizing the flow channel and reducing pump consumption. The technical means are too single and the energy-saving effect is very limited. In addition, when facing a small load, the conventional liquid cooling system gives priority to primary side bypass regulation, bypassing part of the cooling water directly to the return water pipe, wasting the cooling capacity of the cooling tower.

[0003] Most existing cold storage devices use serpentine coils for heat exchange of cold storage or release, but the serpentine coils need to be bent into pipes, which is costly. In addition, the size of the serpentine coils is fixed, and customized production is required for different size requirements of cold storage devices, which reduces the production and deployment efficiency of the cold storage equipment. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a modular energy storage buffer device and a data center liquid cooling system and method, which adds an energy storage buffer module to the traditional CDU system (cold liquid distribution system) and uses phase change energy storage materials to store cold in low load conditions to achieve low cold energy output and release cold in high load conditions to achieve high cold energy output. At the same time, when there is a stable heat load demand, the system can also be transformed to utilize the waste heat of the data center and optimize resource allocation.

[0005] In the first aspect, the present invention provides a modular energy storage buffer device, which includes a tank body, a primary side water distributor, a primary side water collector, a secondary side water collector, a secondary side water distributor, and a plurality of phase change heat transfer arrays arranged in sequence in the tank body; the phase change heat transfer array includes a plurality of phase change packaging units tightly arranged in a matrix shape; the phase change packaging unit includes two semi-split bodies that are symmetrical to each other; the semi-split body includes a packaging shell and a phase change energy storage material filled in the packaging shell; the two side surfaces of the semi-split body are respectively called a cold storage side surface and a cold supply side surface; the cold supply sides of the two semi-split bodies in the same phase change packaging unit are bonded together.

[0006] A cooling medium groove is provided on the cooling side of the semi-split body; a cooling medium groove is provided on the cooling storage side of the semi-split body; the cooling medium grooves of two semi-split bodies in the same phase change encapsulation unit are spliced ​​to form a local cooling channel; the local cooling channels of each phase change encapsulation unit in the same phase change heat transfer array are connected in sequence to form a complete cooling channel structure; the two ends of the complete cooling channel structure are respectively connected to the secondary side water collector and the secondary side water distributor.

[0007] Adjacent cold storage side surfaces on phase change encapsulation units at corresponding positions in two adjacent phase change heat transfer arrays are bonded together; corresponding cold storage medium grooves are spliced ​​together to form a local cold storage channel; multiple sections of local cold storage channels are spliced ​​together to form one or more cold storage channel structures; a cold storage transport pipeline is provided in the cold storage channel structure; and both ends of the cold storage transport pipeline are respectively connected to a primary side water distributor and a primary side water collector.

[0008] Preferably, the complete cooling channel structure is serpentine.

[0009] Preferably, there are three types of local cooling channels of the phase change packaging unit, namely input-output type, double straight line type and U-type; the input-output type local cooling channel includes independent straight line channels and J-type channels; the double straight line type local cooling channel includes two independent straight line channels; the U-type local cooling channel is a U-shaped channel; in each phase change heat exchange array, input-output type or U-shaped local cooling channels are arranged in two columns of phase change packaging units on both sides; double straight line type local cooling channels are arranged in one or more columns of phase change packaging units arranged in the middle; there are only two input-output type local cooling channels, which are arranged at two corners of the phase change heat exchange array respectively.

[0010] Preferably, the cold storage channel structure is linear; a plurality of cold storage channel structures parallel to each other are arranged in sequence at intervals.

[0011] Preferably, the longitudinal cross-sections of the cooling medium groove and the cooling medium groove are both semicircular.

[0012] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a data center liquid cooling system, which includes a cold source module, a primary side circulation pump, one or more cooling distribution modules, and one or more energy storage buffer devices; the cold source module, the primary side circulation pump and the cooling distribution module are connected to form a primary side loop; the cooling distribution module is connected to the server room to form a secondary side loop; a secondary side circulation pump is provided in the secondary side loop.

[0013] The energy storage buffer device adopts a modular energy storage buffer device as described in claim 1; the primary side water distributor and the primary side water collector in the energy storage buffer device are connected to the primary side circuit, so that the energy storage buffer device stores the cold energy provided by the cold source module; the secondary side water collector and the secondary side water distributor in the energy storage buffer device are connected to the secondary side circuit, so that the energy storage buffer device provides cooling for the server room.

[0014] The cooling distribution module includes a heat exchanger, a primary side input passage and a primary side output passage connecting the heat exchanger and the cold source module, and a secondary side input passage and a secondary side output passage connecting the heat exchanger and the server room.

[0015] Preferably, the energy storage buffer device also includes a seventh valve and an eighth valve; the eighth valve is connected in series between the sixth valve and the secondary water inlet interface; the primary side water distributor is connected to the output end of the primary side input passage of the corresponding cooling distribution module; the primary side water collector is connected to the input end of the primary side output passage of the corresponding cooling distribution module; the secondary side water distributor and the secondary side water collector of the trough body are respectively connected to the opposite ends of the seventh valve.

[0016] Preferably, the secondary side output passage is connected with a constant pressure tank and a sterilization device.

[0017] Preferably, a first valve and a first filter are sequentially provided on the primary side input passage along the primary side medium flow direction; a second valve is sequentially provided on the primary side output passage along the primary side medium flow direction; a third valve, a secondary side circulation pump, a check valve, a fourth valve, a second filter and a fifth valve are sequentially provided on the secondary side input passage along the primary side medium flow direction; and a sixth valve is provided on the secondary side output passage.

[0018] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a data center liquid cooling method, which uses the aforementioned data center liquid cooling system; the data center liquid cooling method includes a secondary side water supply temperature control method, a secondary side supply and return water temperature difference control and an energy storage buffer control method.

[0019] The secondary side water supply temperature control method is as follows: If the actual cooling temperature of the secondary side circuit is less than the first cooling temperature threshold, the opening of the eighth valve is increased to increase the flow rate of the primary side heat exchange medium flowing into the energy storage buffer device; if the actual cooling temperature of the secondary side circuit is still less than or equal to the first cooling temperature threshold after the eighth valve reaches the maximum opening, the operating power of the primary side circulation pump is reduced; if the actual cooling temperature of the secondary side circuit is still less than or equal to the first cooling temperature threshold after the operating power of the primary side circulation pump is reduced, the operating power of the cooling tower is reduced.

[0020] If the actual cooling temperature of the secondary side circuit is greater than the second cooling temperature threshold, the opening of the seventh valve is reduced to increase the secondary side heat exchange medium flow rate flowing into the energy storage buffer device, thereby increasing the cooling capacity of the energy storage buffer device; if the actual cooling temperature of the secondary side circuit is still greater than the second cooling temperature threshold after the seventh valve is closed, the operating power of the primary side circulation pump is increased; if the actual cooling temperature of the secondary side circuit is still greater than the second cooling temperature threshold after the operating power of the primary side circulation pump is increased, the operating power of the cooling tower is increased.

[0021] The secondary side supply and return water temperature difference control method is as follows: If the secondary side supply and return water temperature difference is less than the first temperature difference target value, the secondary side water pump frequency is reduced to reduce the secondary side heat exchange medium flow rate.

[0022] If the secondary side supply and return water temperature difference is greater than the second temperature difference target value, the secondary side water pump frequency is increased to increase the secondary side heat exchange medium flow rate.

[0023] The energy storage buffer control method is as follows: If the seventh valve is open, the energy storage buffer device is determined to be in a cold storage state; when the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the primary side of the energy storage buffer device is less than the preset cold storage completion temperature difference threshold, the cold storage is determined to be completed and the seventh valve is closed.

[0024] If the secondary side flow of the energy storage buffer device is greater than 0, it is determined that the energy storage buffer device is in a cooling release state; when the secondary side inlet and outlet temperature difference of the energy storage buffer device is less than the preset complete cooling release temperature difference threshold, it is determined that the cooling capacity is completely released and the seventh valve is opened.

[0025] The present invention has the following beneficial effects.

[0026] 1. In the energy storage buffer device of the present invention, a plastic shell is used to encapsulate a phase-change energy storage material to form a semi-assembled body, and a cooling medium groove is provided on the semi-assembled body; the cooling medium groove is used to form a serpentine cooling channel structure, thereby eliminating the use of serpentine pipes in the energy storage buffer device and reducing the equipment cost of the modular energy storage buffer device. In addition, the phase-change energy storage material greatly reduces the volume required for the energy storage device, and the phase change process releases cold more stably and efficiently, which is conducive to achieving high-quality cooling.

[0027] 2. The present invention can be expanded arbitrarily according to actual needs by increasing the number of phase change packaging units, and there is no need to set coils of different sizes for tanks of different sizes, thereby improving the adaptability of the energy storage buffer device to actual scenes of different space sizes.

[0028] 3. In the cooling channel structure of the present invention, gaps are formed at the connection points of the two corresponding cooling medium grooves and the connection points of the adjacent local cooling channels. These gaps enable the secondary side heat exchange medium in the cooling channel structure to enter the gaps between different half-assemblies, thereby increasing the heat exchange area, improving the heat exchange efficiency, and achieving rapid cooling; thereby, the energy storage buffer device in the present invention has the characteristics of fast release and slow storage, and can effectively cope with the sudden increase in cooling demand. At the same time, since the primary side heat exchange medium is transported through a closed linear cold storage delivery pipeline, there will be no problem of mixing the primary and secondary side heat exchange media.

[0029] 4. The present invention introduces an energy storage buffer device into the liquid cooling system of the data center. When the cooling is used at a small load, the cooling water provided by the cooling tower first enters the energy storage buffer device to store the cold, thereby avoiding the waste of cooling capacity and reducing the time that the equipment works in a low-efficiency, low-load state. At the same time, in the case of extremely large loads, the present invention can quickly release the cold in the energy storage buffer device, increase the maximum cooling capacity of the entire data center liquid cooling system, effectively respond to abnormal load conditions, save the system design cooling capacity, and effectively ensure the safe operation of data center equipment. In the face of variable loads, the energy storage buffer device in the present invention can play a buffering role, the working state of the equipment is more stable, and the frequent start and stop and frequency conversion of the equipment are avoided.

[0030] 5. The ultraviolet online sterilization device introduced in the present invention makes it difficult for bacteria, slime mold and their attachments to grow in the entire secondary side pipe network loop, which is conducive to maintaining high-efficiency and low-thermal resistance heat exchange of liquid-cooled servers and reducing the risk of local overheating and other failures in the system. If there is a suitable heat load demand on the project, the primary side of the energy storage buffer device in the present invention can be changed to supply return water to the corresponding heat user, at which time the waste heat of the data center can be effectively utilized to optimize resource allocation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Example 1 of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the combination of the cooling distribution module and the energy storage buffer device in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the energy storage buffer device in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 4It is a top schematic diagram of the energy storage buffer device in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the energy storage buffer device in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0036] Figure numerals: 1. cold source module; 2. primary side circulation pump; 3. cooling distribution module; 3-1. primary side water inlet interface; 3-2. primary side water outlet interface; 3-3. secondary side water outlet interface; 3-4. secondary side water inlet interface; 3-5. heat exchanger; 3-6. secondary side circulation pump; 3-7. constant pressure tank; 3-8. first filter; 3-9. second filter; 3-10. sterilization device; 3-11. first valve; 3-12. second valve; 3-13. third valve; 3-14. fourth valve; 3-15. fifth valve; 3-16. sixth valve; 3-17. check valve; 4. energy storage buffer device; 4-1. tank body; 4-2. seventh valve; 4-3. eighth valve; 4-4. semi-assembled body; 4-5. local cold supply channel; 4-6. local cold storage channel; 4-7. cold storage transport pipeline. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0038] Example 1 like Figure 1 As shown, a data center liquid cooling system includes a cold source module, a primary side circulation pump 2, multiple cooling distribution modules (i.e., CDU units) and an energy storage buffer device 4. Multiple cooling distribution modules (i.e., CDU units) are arranged in parallel between the cold source module and the cooling structure of the server room.

[0039] In this embodiment, the cold source module adopts a cooling tower. In this embodiment, the number of cooling distribution modules is two; the two cooling distribution modules are mutually backup, and the backup capacity reaches 100%, so no backup pump is set in a single system, and the filter screen is not set with an online replacement bypass, and the overall structure is more streamlined. In this embodiment, the cooling tower adopts any one of open, closed and evaporative cooling.

[0040] During operation, the cold source module, the primary side circulation pump 2 and the cooling distribution module realize fluid circulation through the primary side circulation pump 2 and the primary side supply and return water pipes. The cooling distribution module diverts the water to the cold plates of multiple server cabinets through the secondary side supply and return water pipes to achieve cooling. Considering the antifreeze requirements, the primary side heat exchange medium uses an antifreeze type working fluid (such as 45vol% ethylene glycol). If antifreeze is not required, pure water can be used. The secondary side heat exchange medium uses deionized water + corrosion inhibitor.

[0041] In this embodiment, the number of cooling distribution modules and modular energy storage buffer devices 4 is equal and one-to-one. The secondary side water outlet interfaces 3-2 in each cooling distribution module are connected in parallel to the input interface of the cold source module through the primary side circulation pump 2. In some other embodiments, multiple cooling distribution modules can also be combined into one by using a mother pipe.

[0042] like Figure 2 As shown, the cooling distribution module includes a primary water inlet interface 3-1, a secondary water outlet interface 3-2, a secondary water outlet interface 3-3, a secondary water inlet interface 3-4, a heat exchanger 3-5, a primary input passage, a primary output passage, a secondary input passage, and a secondary output passage. The connection methods of the water inlet and outlet interfaces can be flanges, chucks, etc. In this embodiment, the heat exchanger 3-5 adopts a brazed plate heat exchanger.

[0043] The primary water inlet interface 3-1 is connected to the primary input port of the heat exchanger 3-5 through a primary input passage. A first valve 3-11 and a first filter 3-8 are sequentially arranged on the primary input passage along the primary medium flow direction.

[0044] The primary side water outlet interface 3-1 is connected to the primary side output port of the heat exchanger 3-5 through a primary side output passage. Second valves 3-12 are arranged in sequence on the primary side output passage along the primary side medium flow direction.

[0045] The secondary side water outlet interface 3-3 is connected to the secondary side input port of the heat exchanger 3-5 through the secondary side input passage. The secondary side input passage is provided with a third valve 3-13, a secondary side circulation pump 3-6, a check valve 3-17, a fourth valve 3-14, a second filter 3-9, a sterilization device 3-10 and a fifth valve 3-15 in sequence along the flow direction of the primary side medium. The pipeline between the third valve 3-13 and the secondary side input port of the heat exchanger 3-5 is connected to the constant pressure tank 3-7 through a three-way structure. The second filter 3-9 adopts a y-type filter. The sterilization device 3-10 adopts an ultraviolet online sterilization device, which can effectively increase the use time of the secondary side circulating working medium.

[0046] The secondary side water inlet interface 3-4 is connected to the secondary side output port of the heat exchanger 3-5 through a secondary side output passage. A sixth valve 3-16 is provided on the secondary side output passage.

[0047] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the energy storage buffer device 4 includes a tank body 4-1, a seventh valve 4-2, an eighth valve 4-3 and a phase change heat exchange array. The eighth valve 4-3 is connected in series between the sixth valve 3-16 and the secondary water inlet interface 3-4; multiple phase change heat exchange arrays are arranged in the tank body 4-1 and are closely arranged in sequence along the width direction of the tank body 4-1. The side of the tank body 4-1 is provided with a secondary side water collector C and a secondary side water distributor D, the top is provided with a primary side water distributor B, and the bottom is provided with a primary side water collector A.

[0048] The primary side water distributor B of the tank body 4-1 is connected to the output end of the primary side input passage of the corresponding cooling distribution module (i.e., the connection between the secondary side input passage and the heat exchanger 3-5); the primary side water collector A of the tank body 4-1 is connected to the input end of the primary side output passage of the corresponding cooling distribution module (i.e., the connection between the secondary side output passage and the heat exchanger 3-5).

[0049] The secondary side water distributor D of the tank body 4-1 is connected to the output end of the secondary side input passage of the corresponding cooling distribution module (i.e., the connection between the secondary side input passage and the heat exchanger 3-5); the secondary side water collector C of the tank body 4-1 is connected to the input end of the secondary side output passage of the corresponding cooling distribution module (i.e., the connection between the secondary side output passage and the heat exchanger 3-5).

[0050] The phase change heat transfer array includes phase change packaging units that are closely arranged in a matrix in a vertical plane. The phase change packaging unit includes two independent, mutually symmetrical, and assembled semi-assembly bodies 4-4. The semi-assembly body 4-4 includes an encapsulation shell and a phase change energy storage material filled in the encapsulation shell. In this embodiment, the phase change energy storage material uses paraffin phase change material; different types of doped fillers and different filler doping amounts can change the melting point of the paraffin phase change material, thereby obtaining phase change energy storage materials with different melting points. In this embodiment, the melting point of the phase change energy storage material can be controlled at about 38°C, and it can solidify and store cold after heat exchange with the primary side heat exchange medium, and melt and release cold after heat exchange with the secondary side heat exchange medium. The encapsulation shell of the semi-assembly body 4-4 is made of plastic material, and specific shapes are processed on both sides, and a groove is formed after assembly.

[0051] The two sides of the half-split body 4-4 are respectively called the cold storage side (corresponding to the primary side) and the cold supply side (corresponding to the secondary side). The cold supply sides of the two half-split bodies 4-4 in the same phase change packaging unit are attached together. The cold storage sides of the two half-split bodies 4-4 form the two sides of the phase change packaging unit.

[0052] A cooling medium groove is provided on the cooling side of the semi-assembled body 4-4. A cooling medium groove is provided on the cooling storage side of the semi-assembled body 4-4. The longitudinal sections of the cooling medium groove and the cooling medium groove are both semicircular.

[0053] The cooling medium grooves of the two half-assemblies 4-4 in the same phase change package unit are spliced ​​to form a local cooling channel 4-5 with a circular cross section. The local cooling channels 4-5 of each phase change package unit in the same phase change heat transfer array are connected in sequence to form a serpentine serial complete cooling channel structure.

[0054] There are three types of local cooling channels 4-5 of the phase change packaging unit, namely input-output type, double straight-line type and U-type. The input-output type local cooling channel 4-5 includes mutually independent straight-line channels and J-shaped channels; the double straight-line type local cooling channel 4-5 includes two mutually independent straight-line channels; the U-shaped local cooling channel 4-5 is a U-shaped channel.

[0055] In each phase change heat exchange array, input-output type or U-shaped local cooling channels 4-5 are arranged in the two columns of phase change packaging units arranged on the left and right sides; double straight line type local cooling channels 4-5 are arranged in one or more columns of phase change packaging units arranged in the middle. There are only two input-output type local cooling channels 4-5, which are arranged at the two corners of the phase change heat exchange array respectively, and are used for inputting and outputting the secondary side heat exchange medium.

[0056] The cooling medium grooves of the two half-assemblies 4-4 in the same phase change package unit are spliced ​​to form a local cooling channel 4-5 with a circular cross section. The local cooling channels 4-5 of each phase change package unit in the same phase change heat transfer array are connected in sequence to form a serpentine serial complete cooling channel structure. Based on this, the present embodiment uses a serpentine channel structure formed by splicing to replace a serpentine pipe, thereby reducing the equipment cost of the modular energy storage buffer device.

[0057] In the cooling channel structure, gaps are formed at the connection points of the two corresponding cooling medium grooves and the connection points of the adjacent local cooling channels 4-5. These gaps enable the secondary side heat exchange medium in the cooling channel structure to enter the gaps between the different half-assemblies 4-4, thereby increasing the heat exchange area, improving the heat exchange efficiency, and achieving rapid cooling.

[0058] The adjacent cold storage side surfaces on the phase change encapsulation units at corresponding positions in two adjacent phase change heat transfer arrays are fitted together; the corresponding cold storage medium grooves are pieced together to form a local cold storage channel 4-6. Multiple sections of local cold storage channels 4-6 are pieced together to form a plurality of linear cold storage channel structures parallel to each other. A cold storage delivery pipeline 4-7 is embedded in the cold storage channel structure. A primary side water distributor B and a primary side water collector A are respectively provided at the top and bottom of the tank body 4-1. The top ends of the multiple cold storage delivery pipelines 4-7 are all connected to the primary side water distributor B; the bottom ends of the multiple cold storage delivery pipelines 4-7 are all connected to the primary side water collector A; since the primary side heat exchange medium passes through the closed cold storage delivery pipeline 4-7, there will be no problem of mixing the primary and secondary side heat exchange media.

[0059] The open ends of the two input-output type local cooling channels 4-5 are used as the secondary side input port and secondary side output port of the phase change heat exchange array respectively. The secondary side input ports of all phase change heat exchange arrays are connected to the secondary side water distributor D. The secondary side output ports of all phase change heat exchange arrays are connected to the secondary side water collector C.

[0060] In this embodiment, the phase change heat transfer array can expand different numbers of phase change packaging units according to the size of the tank body 4-1, which has higher flexibility and does not need to customize the production of serpentine pipes of different lengths according to the size of the tank body 4-1. It has higher flexibility. When there is no specific requirement, the size of the tank body 4-1 should be made consistent with that of a conventional cabinet to facilitate the on-site placement of the entire energy storage module.

[0061] In this embodiment, the number of phase change packaging units in the phase change heat transfer array is 12, and the arrangement is four rows and three columns. The first and third columns of phase change packaging units are provided with input-output type or U-shaped local cooling channels 4-5; the second column of phase change packaging units are provided with double linear local cooling channels 4-5. When increasing the number of columns, only the number of phase change packaging units provided with double linear local cooling channels 4-5 needs to be increased.

[0062] In some embodiments, the first filter 3 - 8 and the second filter 3 - 9 are implemented as y-type filters.

[0063] In some embodiments, the pipes used in the data center liquid cooling system are made of stainless steel, and the pipe diameter and design parameters are determined according to the actual project requirements. The pipes should be connected by a chuck type for quick disassembly; other details such as the temperature, pressure, flow measurement points, safety valves, constant pressure water replenishment, etc. in the system are not innovative content and will not be repeated.

[0064] In this embodiment, the first valve 3-11, the second valve 3-12, the third valve 3-13, the fourth valve 3-14, the fifth valve 3-15 and the sixth valve 3-16 are on-off valves. The seventh valve 4-2 and the eighth valve 4-3 are regulating valves, preferably pneumatic regulating valves with fast action.

[0065] Example 2 A data center liquid cooling method, using the liquid cooling system provided in Example 1, can accurately control the temperature of the server cabinet, quickly respond, and achieve high efficiency and low carbon operation. The data center liquid cooling method includes a secondary side water supply temperature control method, a secondary side supply and return water temperature difference control method, and an energy storage buffer control method.

[0066] (1) The secondary side water supply temperature is controlled as follows: When the actual cooling temperature is less than the first cooling temperature threshold, it indicates excessive cooling; the seventh valve 4-2 is opened, and the opening of the eighth valve 4-3 is increased at the same time, thereby increasing the primary side heat exchange medium flow rate flowing into the energy storage buffer device, and the energy storage buffer device stores cold; if the secondary side outlet temperature is still less than or equal to the first cooling temperature threshold after the eighth valve 4-3 reaches the maximum opening, the operating frequency of the primary side circulation pump 2 is reduced; if the secondary side outlet temperature is still less than or equal to the first cooling temperature threshold at this time, the operating power of the cooling tower is reduced (for example, the frequency of the internal circulation pump is reduced for a closed tower).

[0067] When the actual cooling temperature is greater than the second cooling temperature threshold, it indicates insufficient cooling, and the eighth valve 4-3 is closed. At the same time, the opening of the seventh valve 4-2 is reduced to increase the secondary side heat exchange medium flow into the energy storage buffer device, and the energy storage buffer device releases cold. If the secondary side outlet temperature is still greater than the second cooling temperature threshold after the seventh valve 4-2 is fully closed, the frequency of the primary side circulation pump 2 is increased. If the secondary side outlet temperature is still greater than the second cooling temperature threshold at this time, the operating power of the cooling tower is increased (for example, for a closed tower, the frequency of the internal circulation pump is increased).

[0068] In this embodiment, the first cooling temperature threshold and the second cooling temperature threshold are both set to 40°C.

[0069] (2) Secondary side supply and return water temperature difference control method When the actual temperature difference is less than the first temperature difference target value, the frequency of the secondary side water pump 3-6 is reduced, so that the flow rate of the secondary side heat exchange medium is reduced, the heat exchange capacity of the unit flow rate of the heat exchange medium is increased, and energy saving is achieved.

[0070] When the actual temperature difference is greater than the second temperature difference target value, the frequency of the secondary side water pump 3-6 is increased to increase the flow rate of the secondary side heat exchange medium, increase the overall heat exchange capacity, and ensure the cooling effect.

[0071] In this embodiment, the first temperature difference target value and the second temperature difference target value are both set to 8°C.

[0072] (3) Energy storage buffer control method If the seventh valve 4-2 is opened, it is considered that the energy storage buffer device 4 is in a cold storage state; at this time, whether the cold storage is completed is judged based on the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the primary side of the energy storage buffer device 4 (i.e., the temperature difference between the heat exchange medium in the primary side water collector A and the primary side water distributor B). When the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the primary side of the energy storage buffer device 4 is less than the preset cold storage completion temperature difference threshold, the cold storage is completed and the seventh valve 4-2 is closed; in this embodiment, the value of the cold storage completion temperature difference threshold is 2°C.

[0073] If the secondary side flow of the energy storage buffer device is greater than 0, it is considered that the energy storage buffer device 4 is in a cooling state; at this time, it is determined whether the cooling capacity is completely released based on the secondary side inlet and outlet temperature difference (i.e., the temperature difference between the heat exchange medium in the secondary side water collector C and the secondary side water distributor D); when the secondary side inlet and outlet temperature difference of the energy storage buffer device 4 is less than the preset complete cooling release temperature difference threshold, it is determined that the cooling capacity is completely released, and the seventh valve 4-2 is opened; in this embodiment, the value of the complete cooling release temperature difference threshold is 2°C.

[0074] The energy storage buffer device can be in a state of storing and supplying at the same time, that is, the energy storage buffer device can be in a cold storage state and a cold release state at the same time.

[0075] In the above data center liquid cooling method, a hot-cold-standby polling working mode is adopted between the two cooling distribution modules. When a primary fault occurs in a cooling distribution module, the fault switching is initiated, the backup cooling distribution module is turned on, and an alarm is sounded.

Claims

1. A modular energy storage buffer device, comprising a tank body (4-1), a primary side water distributor, a primary side water collector, a secondary side water collector, and a secondary side water distributor; characterized in that: It also includes a plurality of phase change heat transfer arrays arranged in sequence in the tank body (4-1); the phase change heat transfer array includes a plurality of phase change packaging units closely arranged in a matrix shape; the phase change packaging unit includes two mutually symmetrical half-split bodies (4-4); the half-split body (4-4) includes a packaging shell and a phase change energy storage material filled in the packaging shell; the two side surfaces of the half-split body (4-4) are respectively referred to as a cold storage side surface and a cold supply side surface; the cold supply side surfaces of the two half-split bodies (4-4) in the same phase change packaging unit are bonded together; The cooling side of the semi-assembled body (4-4) is provided with a cooling medium groove; the cooling storage side of the semi-assembled body (4-4) is provided with a cooling medium groove; the cooling medium grooves of two semi-assembled bodies (4-4) in the same phase change encapsulation unit are spliced ​​to form a local cooling channel (4-5); the local cooling channels (4-5) of each phase change encapsulation unit in the same phase change heat transfer array are connected in sequence to form a complete cooling channel structure; the two ends of the complete cooling channel structure are respectively connected to a secondary side water collector and a secondary side water distributor; Adjacent cold storage side surfaces on phase change packaging units at corresponding positions in two adjacent phase change heat transfer arrays are bonded together; mutually corresponding cold storage medium grooves are spliced ​​together to form a local cold storage channel (4-6); multiple sections of local cold storage channels (4-6) are spliced ​​together to form one or more cold storage channel structures; a cold storage transport pipeline (4-7) is provided in the cold storage channel structure; and both ends of the cold storage transport pipeline (4-7) are respectively connected to a primary side water distributor and a primary side water collector.

2. A modular energy storage buffer device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The complete cooling channel structure is serpentine.

3. A modular energy storage buffer device according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are three types of local cooling channels (4-5) of the phase change packaging unit, namely input-output type, double straight line type and U-type; the input-output type local cooling channel (4-5) includes mutually independent straight line channels and J-type channels; the double straight line type local cooling channel (4-5) includes two mutually independent straight line channels; the U-type local cooling channel (4-5) is a U-shaped channel; in each phase change heat transfer array, input-output type or U-shaped local cooling channels (4-5) are arranged in two columns of phase change packaging units on both sides; double straight line type local cooling channels (4-5) are arranged in one or more columns of phase change packaging units arranged in the middle; there are only two input-output type local cooling channels (4-5), which are arranged at two corners of the phase change heat transfer array respectively.

4. A modular energy storage buffer device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cold storage channel structure is in a linear shape; a plurality of cold storage channel structures parallel to each other are arranged in sequence at intervals.

5. A modular energy storage buffer device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The longitudinal sections of the cooling medium groove and the cooling medium groove are both semicircular.

6. A data center liquid cooling system, comprising a cooling source module, a primary side circulation pump (2), and one or more cooling distribution modules; characterized in that: It also includes one or more energy storage buffer devices (4); a cold source module, a primary side circulation pump (2) and a cooling distribution module are connected to form a primary side loop; the cooling distribution module is connected to a server room to form a secondary side loop; a secondary side circulation pump (3-6) is provided in the secondary side loop; The energy storage buffer device (4) adopts a modular energy storage buffer device as claimed in claim 1; the primary side water distributor and the primary side water collector in the energy storage buffer device (4) are connected to the primary side circuit, so that the energy storage buffer device (4) stores the cold energy provided by the cold source module; the secondary side water collector and the secondary side water distributor in the energy storage buffer device (4) are connected to the secondary side circuit, so that the energy storage buffer device (4) supplies cold energy to the server room; The cooling distribution module comprises a heat exchanger (3-5), a primary side input passage and a primary side output passage connecting the heat exchanger (3-5) and a cold source module, and a secondary side input passage and a secondary side output passage connecting the heat exchanger (3-5) and a server room.

7. A data center liquid cooling system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The energy storage buffer device also includes a seventh valve (4-2) and an eighth valve (4-3); the eighth valve (4-3) is connected in series between the sixth valve (3-16) and the secondary water inlet interface (3-4); the primary water distributor is connected to the output end of the primary input passage of the corresponding cooling distribution module; the primary water collector is connected to the input end of the primary output passage of the corresponding cooling distribution module; the secondary water distributor and the secondary water collector of the tank body (4-1) are respectively connected to the opposite ends of the seventh valve (4-2).

8. A data center liquid cooling system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The secondary side output passage is connected to a constant pressure tank (3-7) and a sterilizing device (3-10).

9. A data center liquid cooling system according to claim 6, characterized in that: A first valve (3-11) and a first filter (3-8) are sequentially arranged on the primary side input passage along the primary side medium flow direction; a second valve (3-12) is sequentially arranged on the primary side output passage along the primary side medium flow direction; a third valve (3-13), a secondary side circulation pump (3-6), a check valve (3-17), a fourth valve (3-14), a second filter (3-9) and a fifth valve (3-15) are sequentially arranged on the secondary side input passage along the primary side medium flow direction; and a sixth valve (3-16) is arranged on the secondary side output passage.

10. A data center liquid cooling method, characterized in that: Using the data center liquid cooling system as claimed in claim 7; the data center liquid cooling method includes a secondary side water supply temperature control method, a secondary side supply and return water temperature difference control method and an energy storage buffer control method; The secondary side water supply temperature control method is as follows: If the actual cooling temperature of the secondary side circuit is less than the first cooling temperature threshold, the opening of the eighth valve (4-3) is increased, so that the primary side heat exchange medium flow rate flowing into the energy storage buffer device increases; if the actual cooling temperature of the secondary side circuit is still less than or equal to the first cooling temperature threshold after the eighth valve (4-3) reaches the maximum opening, the operating power of the primary side circulation pump (2) is reduced; if the actual cooling temperature of the secondary side circuit is still less than or equal to the first cooling temperature threshold after the operating power of the primary side circulation pump (2) is reduced, the operating power of the cooling tower is reduced; If the actual cooling temperature of the secondary side circuit is greater than the second cooling temperature threshold, the opening of the seventh valve (4-2) is reduced, so that the secondary side heat exchange medium flow rate flowing into the energy storage buffer device is increased, so that the cooling capacity of the energy storage buffer device is increased; if the actual cooling temperature of the secondary side circuit is still greater than the second cooling temperature threshold after the seventh valve (4-2) is closed, the operating power of the primary side circulation pump (2) is increased; if the actual cooling temperature of the secondary side circuit is still greater than the second cooling temperature threshold after the operating power of the primary side circulation pump (2) is increased, the operating power of the cooling tower is increased; The secondary side supply and return water temperature difference control method is as follows: If the temperature difference between the secondary side supply and return water is less than the first temperature difference target value, the frequency of the secondary side water pump (3-6) is reduced, so that the flow rate of the secondary side heat exchange medium is reduced; If the temperature difference between the secondary side supply and return water is greater than the second temperature difference target value, the frequency of the secondary side water pump (3-6) is increased to increase the flow rate of the secondary side heat exchange medium; The energy storage buffer control method is as follows: If the seventh valve (4-2) is open, it is determined that the energy storage buffer device (4) is in a cold storage state; when the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the primary side of the energy storage buffer device (4) is less than a preset cold storage completion temperature difference threshold, it is determined that cold storage is completed and the seventh valve (4-2) is closed; If the secondary side flow rate of the energy storage buffer device is greater than 0, it is determined that the energy storage buffer device (4) is in a cooling release state; when the secondary side inlet and outlet temperature difference of the energy storage buffer device (4) is less than a preset complete cooling release temperature difference threshold, it is determined that the cooling capacity is completely released, and the seventh valve (4-2) is opened.

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