Finish machining device for shaft components

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of shaft component machining, in particular to a finish machining device for a shaft component, which is arranged on a horizontal displacement frame, and a first cutter mounting frame and a second cutter mounting frame are slidably arranged on the horizontal displacement frame in parallel; the finish machining device comprises a scraper, a key groove milling cutter, a forming milling cutter, a first cutter adjusting assembly, a second cutter adjusting assembly and a scrap removing assembly, the first cutter adjusting assembly is provided with a deviation transmission frame which is in shaft connection with the horizontal displacement frame through a first rotating shaft, the second cutter adjusting assembly comprises a turnover frame and a transmission device, and the scrap removing assembly comprises a first scrap removing mechanism and a second scrap removing mechanism. The cutter switching flexibility is improved, the machining pause time is shortened, the machining efficiency is improved, the first scrap removing mechanism and the second scrap removing mechanism are designed to be matched with different cutter mounting frames correspondingly, and the stability and accuracy of the machining process are guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of shaft component processing, and in particular to a finishing device for shaft components. Background Art

[0002] In the field of spline gear shaft processing, traditional processing equipment has exposed many problems that need to be solved urgently. In terms of tool switching, the processing procedures of spline gear shafts are complicated, requiring not only fine cutting of the outer circle of the shaft body, but also precise milling of the spline groove, and milling operations for gears of different shapes. However, when traditional processing equipment switches between these processes, tool switching is extremely inconvenient. For example, when switching from outer circle cutting to spline groove processing, manual disassembly and installation of tools are required. The whole process is cumbersome and time-consuming, which seriously slows down the production rhythm and greatly affects the processing efficiency.

[0003] The special structure and processing technology of spline gear shafts have special requirements for chip removal and cooling. During the milling process, a large number of irregularly shaped chips will be generated, and the traditional simple cutting fluid spraying alone cannot effectively remove these chips. The chips accumulate on the tool and the processing part, which not only accelerates the tool wear, but also causes a sharp drop in processing accuracy, making it difficult to meet the high-precision processing requirements of spline gear shafts. Summary of the invention

[0004] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a finishing device for shaft components in response to the existing technical problems.

[0005] In order to solve the problems of the prior art, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: The present invention provides a finishing device for shaft components, which is arranged on a horizontal displacement frame. A first tool mounting frame and a second tool mounting frame are slidably arranged on the horizontal displacement frame in parallel. A spline gear shaft to be processed is clamped on the side of the horizontal displacement frame. The finishing device comprises a scraper, a keyway milling cutter, a forming milling cutter, a first tool adjustment component, a second tool adjustment component and a chip removal component. The scraper is mounted on the first tool mounting frame. The first tool adjustment component is provided with a deflection transmission frame axially connected to the horizontal displacement frame through a first rotating axis. The two ends of the deflection transmission frame are respectively connected to the first tool mounting frame and the second tool mounting frame in a transmission manner. The second tool adjustment component comprises a flip frame and a transmission device mounted on the second tool mounting frame. The flip frame is connected to the second tool mounting frame through a second rotating axis. The keyway milling cutter and the forming milling cutter are respectively mounted on both sides of the flip frame. The chip removal component comprises a first chip removal mechanism mounted on the first tool mounting frame and a second chip removal mechanism mounted on the second tool mounting frame. The first chip removal mechanism is provided with a vacuum suction nozzle, and the second chip removal mechanism is provided with a nozzle for spraying cutting fluid and high-pressure air, and the nozzle is in a transmission connection with the transmission device.

[0006] Preferably, the first tool adjustment assembly also includes a first linear drive, a push plate, a first connecting plate, a second connecting plate and a locking device. The second connecting plate and the locking device are each provided with two and are respectively located at both ends of the horizontal displacement frame. The first rotating shaft is installed on the first tool mounting frame and the second tool mounting frame on a side away from the spline gear shaft and is located between the two. The first linear drive is fixedly installed on the horizontal displacement frame. The output end of the first linear drive is fixedly connected to the push plate. The length direction of the push plate is consistent with the axial direction of the spline gear shaft. The first connecting plate and the second connecting plate are both vertically fixedly installed on the push plate. A rack is provided on the first connecting plate. The first rotating shaft is provided with a first driving gear that can mesh with the rack. The first driving gear is transmission-connected to the bias transmission frame, and the second connecting plate is transmission-connected to the locking device.

[0007] Preferably, the biased transmission frame is provided with a first slide groove along its length direction, and two hinged seats that can be slidably arranged on the first slide groove are respectively installed in the first slide groove, and the two hinged seats are respectively fixedly connected to the first tool mounting frame and the second tool mounting frame.

[0008] Preferably, the locking device includes a third transmission rod, a locking plate, a locking rod and a first spring, a transmission block is fixedly mounted on the second connecting plate, the locking plate is horizontally slidably arranged on the horizontal displacement frame, the third transmission rod and the locking rod are both fixedly mounted on the locking plate, the directions of the third transmission rod and the locking rod are consistent with the length direction of the push plate, a first chamfer is provided at both ends of the transmission block, a second chamfer is provided at one end of the third transmission rod close to the second connecting plate, an end of the third transmission rod is always in contact with the surface of the second connecting plate or the transmission block, the first spring is arranged between the locking plate and the horizontal displacement frame, the two ends of the first spring are respectively fixedly connected to the locking plate and the horizontal displacement frame, the first tool mounting frame and the second tool mounting frame are both provided with locking slots matching the locking rod, and a rubber pad is provided on the locking rod.

[0009] Preferably, two auxiliary locking grooves are provided on the second connecting plate, the two auxiliary locking grooves are respectively located on both sides of the transmission block, and the auxiliary locking grooves are connected to the second connecting plate through an arc angle.

[0010] Preferably, the first chip removal mechanism also includes a first mounting frame, a transmission channel, an inclined channel and a conducting sliding seat. The first mounting frame is fixedly mounted on the flip frame, the transmission channel is arranged in the first mounting frame, the inclined channel is arranged at an end of the first mounting frame away from the flip frame, the middle part of the inclined channel is connected with the transmission channel, the conducting sliding seat is slidably arranged in the inclined channel, the conducting sliding seat is connected to the flip frame through a transmission device, and the two ends of the inclined channel are respectively connected with two nozzles, and the two nozzles are respectively inclined to point to the keyway milling cutter and the forming milling cutter.

[0011] Preferably, the transmission device includes a first transmission rod, a second transmission rod and an inclined transmission rod. The inclined direction of the inclined transmission rod is perpendicular to the inclined direction of the inclined channel. The inclined transmission rod is transmission-connected to the conducting sliding seat. An arc-shaped transmission groove is provided on the side wall of the second tool mounting bracket. The arc-shaped transmission groove is arranged on the outer side of the second rotating shaft. The distance between the arc-shaped transmission groove and the axis of the second rotating shaft gradually increases. One end of the first transmission rod is slidingly arranged in the arc-shaped transmission groove. The other end of the first transmission rod is transmission-connected to the second transmission rod. The second transmission rod is slidingly arranged on the first mounting bracket. The first mounting bracket is provided with a first limit plate for the second transmission rod to slide. The other end of the second transmission rod is transmission-connected to the inclined transmission rod.

[0012] Preferably, the conducting sliding seat is composed of a sealing vertical plate, a sealing connecting plate and a connecting channel. Two sealing vertical plates and two connecting channels are each provided and are mirror-imaged in the inclined channel. The sealing connecting plate is located between the two sealing vertical plates and is fixedly connected to the two sealing vertical plates. The sealing connecting plate can seal and cooperate with the connection between the inclined channel and the transmission channel. Two limit strips that interfere with the end of the connecting channel are provided in the inclined channel. An outer sliding groove for avoiding the inclined transmission rod is provided on the side wall of the inclined channel. The inclined transmission rod is fixedly connected to the two sealing vertical plates. An outer sealing plate that is slidably and sealingly connected to the outer sliding groove is provided in the outer sliding groove. The outer sealing plate is fixedly connected to the inclined transmission rod.

[0013] Preferably, a telescopic transmission plate is provided on the side of the first transmission rod away from the second tool mounting bracket, a telescopic rod is provided between the telescopic transmission plate and the first transmission rod, a second spring is sleeved on the telescopic rod, the telescopic transmission plate and the second transmission rod are fixedly connected by a connecting column, a second slide groove is provided on the inclined transmission rod along its length direction, a transmission push plate is provided at one end of the second transmission rod away from the first transmission rod, the transmission push plate is slidably arranged in the second slide groove, third springs are fixedly provided in the groove bottoms on both sides of the second slide groove, and the two third springs are fixedly connected to the transmission push plates.

[0014] Preferably, the second tool adjustment assembly also includes a flipping motor, a second driving gear, a driven gear and a limit frame. The flipping motor is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the second tool mounting frame, the second driving gear is rotatably mounted on the second tool mounting frame, the driven gear is fixedly mounted on the second rotating shaft, the second driving gear is meshed with the driven gear, the output end of the flipping motor is transmission-connected to the second driving gear, the limit frame is fixedly arranged on the second tool mounting frame, and the flipping frame conflicts with the limit frame after being flipped into place.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention realizes fast and accurate switching of tools through the ingenious design of the first tool adjustment component and the second tool adjustment component. The first tool adjustment component drives the deflection transmission frame to rotate, drives the first tool mounting frame and the second tool mounting frame to move, and can quickly switch between the scraper and the keyway milling cutter and the forming milling cutter; the second tool adjustment component uses the flip frame to realize the 90-degree flip switching of the keyway milling cutter and the forming milling cutter, which greatly improves the flexibility of tool switching, reduces the processing pause time, and improves the processing efficiency.

[0016] 2. The first chip removal mechanism and the second chip removal mechanism are designed to adapt to different tool mounting frames respectively. The first chip removal mechanism sucks chips through a vacuum nozzle to keep the processing environment clean; the second chip removal mechanism sprays cutting fluid containing high-pressure air through a nozzle to remove chips and cool during processing, and the spraying position can be switched synchronously when the flip frame flips, ensuring that the cutting fluid accurately covers the processing position, improving chip removal efficiency and cooling effect, and thus improving processing accuracy. The design of the arc-shaped transmission groove in the transmission device makes the sliding distance of the first transmission rod have a specific relationship with the rotation angle of the second rotating axis, which helps to achieve precise control. After the flip frame flips 90 degrees, it can drive a specific distance to achieve the switching of the conduction direction of the conduction slide seat.

[0017] 3. The locking device in the first tool adjustment assembly locks the tool in a precise position after it is adjusted into place, reducing tool displacement caused by vibration or external factors, ensuring the stability and accuracy of the machining process, reducing machining errors, and improving product quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a finishing device for shaft components; Figure 2 It is a top view of a finishing device for shaft components; Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a finishing device for removing a spline gear shaft in a shaft component; Figure 4 It is a partial three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a finishing device for shaft components; Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a first tool mounting frame in a finishing device for shaft components; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the second tool mounting frame in a finishing device for shaft components Figure 1 ; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the second tool mounting frame in a finishing device for shaft components Figure 2 ; Figure 8It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a chip removal component in a finishing device for shaft components; Fig. 9 It is a partial three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a chip removal component in a finishing device for shaft components; Fig.10 The invention is a three-dimensional exploded view of a second chip removal mechanism in a finishing device for shaft components.

[0019] The numbers in the figure are: 1. Spline gear shaft; 2. Horizontal displacement frame; 3. First tool mounting frame; 4. Second tool mounting frame; 5. Scraper; 6. Keyway milling cutter; 7. Forming milling cutter; 8. First rotating axis; 9. Biased transmission frame; 10. Second rotating axis; 11. Turning frame; 12. Transmission device; 13. First chip removal mechanism; 14. Second chip removal mechanism; 15. Vacuum suction nozzle; 16. Nozzle; 17. First linear drive; 18. Push plate; 19. First connecting plate; 20. Second connecting plate; 21. Locking device; 22. Rack; 23. First driving gear; 24. First slideway; 25. Articulated seat; 26. Third transmission rod; 27. Locking plate; 28. Locking plug rod; 29. ​​First spring; 30. Transmission block; 31. First chamfer; 32. Second chamfer; 33. Locking slot; 34. Auxiliary locking slot; 35. First mounting bracket; 36. Transmission channel; 37. Inclined channel; 38. Conductive sliding seat; 39. First transmission rod; 40. Second transmission rod; 41. Inclined transmission rod; 42. Arc transmission groove; 43. First limit plate; 44. Sealed vertical plate; 45. Sealed connecting plate; 46. Connecting channel; 47. Limiting strip; 48. Outer sliding groove; 49. Outer sealing plate; 50. Telescopic transmission plate; 52. Second spring; 53. Second slide groove; 54. Third spring; 55. Flip motor; 56. Second driving gear; 57. Driven gear; 58. Limiting bracket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to further understand the features, technical means, specific objectives and functions of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0021] like Figure 1-Figure 10A finishing device for shaft components shown in the figure is arranged on a horizontal displacement frame 2, and a first tool mounting frame 3 and a second tool mounting frame 4 are slidingly arranged in parallel on the horizontal displacement frame 2. A spline gear shaft 1 to be processed is clamped on the side of the horizontal displacement frame 2. The finishing device includes a scraper 5, a keyway milling cutter 6, a forming milling cutter 7, a first tool adjustment assembly, a second tool adjustment assembly and a chip removal assembly. The scraper 5 is mounted on the first tool mounting frame 3. The first tool adjustment assembly is provided with a deflection transmission frame 9 axially connected to the horizontal displacement frame 2 through a first rotating shaft 8. The two ends of the deflection transmission frame 9 are respectively connected to the first tool mounting frame 3 and the second tool mounting frame 4 in transmission. The second tool adjustment assembly includes a flip frame 11 (such as Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown) and a transmission device 12 installed on the second tool mounting frame 4, the flip frame 11 is axially connected to the second tool mounting frame 4 through the second rotating axis 10, the keyway milling cutter 6 and the forming milling cutter 7 are respectively installed on both sides of the flip frame 11, and the chip removal assembly includes a first chip removal mechanism 13 installed on the first tool mounting frame 3 and a second chip removal mechanism 14 installed on the second tool mounting frame 4, the first chip removal mechanism 13 is provided with a vacuum suction nozzle 15, and the second chip removal mechanism 14 is provided with a nozzle 16 for spraying cutting fluid and high-pressure air, and the nozzle 16 is transmission-connected to the transmission device 12.

[0022] When the working tool of the equipment is a scraper 5: the scraper 5 can cut the outer circle of the shaft workpiece (such as the spline gear shaft 1, etc.) when the shaft workpiece (such as the spline gear shaft 1, etc.) rotates, and can also be deflected at a certain angle to perform chamfering, rounding and other operations. The first chip removal mechanism 13 installed on the first tool mounting frame 3 performs chip removal operations, and iron chips and the like are sucked into the chip removal chamber connected to the vacuum suction nozzle 15 through the vacuum suction nozzle 15; when it is necessary to process the spline groove of the spline gear shaft 1, the first tool adjustment component works, by driving the deflection transmission frame 9 to rotate a certain angle on the first rotating shaft 8, synchronously driving the first tool mounting frame 3 and the second tool mounting frame 4 to move on the horizontal displacement frame 2, the first tool mounting frame 3 retracts, and the second tool mounting frame 4 extends forward, pushing the second tool mounting frame 4 to the side close to the spline gear shaft 1, at this time, the keyway milling cutter 6 installed on one side of the second tool mounting frame 4 starts to work, and the keyway milling cutter 6 performs keyway processing on the surface of the spline gear shaft 1; after completing the keyway processing, the second tool adjustment component works to drive the flip frame 11 to rotate ninety degrees around the second rotation axis 10, and the flip frame 11 drives the keyway milling cutter 6 away from the spline gear shaft 1, and the forming milling cutter 7 located on the other side of the flip frame 11 flips to the side close to the spline gear shaft 1, and the processing direction of the forming milling cutter 7 is set perpendicular to the processing direction of the keyway milling cutter 6. The forming milling cutter 7 can be used to perform milling operations on gears of specific shapes. At the same time, when the keyway milling cutter 6 and the forming milling cutter 7 are performing processing operations, the second chip removal mechanism 14 can be used to remove chips and cool the processing parts, that is, the cutting fluid with high-pressure air is sprayed on the processing position through the nozzle 16. During the flipping action, the spraying direction of the nozzle 16 can be adjusted through the transmission device 12. When the cutting processing position changes, the cutting fluid spraying direction is changed synchronously.

[0023] The present invention has the function of flexibly switching the use of cutting tools, improves the processing efficiency and processing accuracy of the spline gear shaft 1, and realizes the rapid and accurate switching of cutting tools through the design of the first cutting tool assembly and the second cutting tool assembly. The first cutting tool assembly drives the deflection transmission frame 9 to rotate, drives the first cutting tool mounting frame 3 and the second cutting tool mounting frame 4 to move on the horizontal displacement frame 2, and realizes the rapid switching between the scraper 5 and the keyway milling cutter 6 / forming milling cutter 7. The second cutting tool assembly realizes the 90-degree flip switching between the keyway milling cutter 6 and the forming milling cutter 7 through the design of the flip frame 11, further improving the flexibility of cutting tool switching.

[0024] The present invention designs a first chip removal mechanism 13 and a second chip removal mechanism 14, which correspond to different tool mounting frames respectively. The first chip removal mechanism 13 sucks waste such as iron chips into the chip removal chamber through a vacuum suction nozzle 15 to ensure a clean processing environment. The second chip removal mechanism 14 sprays cutting fluid with high-pressure air added through a nozzle 16 to perform chip removal and cooling operations on the processing part. In particular, during the flipping process of the flip frame 11, the nozzle 16 of the second chip removal mechanism 14 can synchronously switch the spray position to ensure that the cutting fluid always covers the processing position. During the process of the flip frame 11 rotating ninety degrees around the second rotating axis 10, the nozzle 16 can synchronously switch the spray position. This design ensures that the cutting fluid always accurately covers the processing position, thereby improving the chip removal efficiency and cooling effect.

[0025] Through precise tool switching and an efficient chip removal and cooling system, the present invention can significantly improve the machining accuracy of shaft components. Rapid tool switching reduces the dwell time during machining and reduces errors caused by improper tool adjustment.

[0026] The first tool adjustment assembly also includes a first linear drive 17, a push plate 18, a first connecting plate 19, a second connecting plate 20 and a locking device 21. The second connecting plate 20 and the locking device 21 are each provided with two and are respectively located at the two ends of the horizontal displacement frame 2. The first rotating shaft 8 is installed on the first tool mounting frame 3 and the second tool mounting frame 4 on the side away from the spline gear shaft 1 and is located between the two. The first linear drive 17 is fixedly installed on the horizontal displacement frame 2. The output end of the first linear drive 17 is fixedly connected to the push plate 18. The length direction of the push plate 18 is consistent with the axial direction of the spline gear shaft 1. The first connecting plate 19 and the second connecting plate 20 are both vertically fixedly installed on the push plate 18. A rack 22 is provided on the first connecting plate 19. A first driving gear 23 that can mesh with the rack 22 is provided on the first rotating shaft 8. The first driving gear 23 is transmission-connected to the deflection transmission frame 9, and the second connecting plate 20 is transmission-connected to the locking device 21.

[0027] The first tool adjustment assembly is powered by the first linear drive 17 to push the push plate 18 to achieve linear motion. The first connecting plate 19 and the second connecting plate 20 convert the linear motion into rotational motion and locking action respectively, thus achieving precise adjustment and positioning of the tool. This design not only improves the flexibility of tool switching, but also ensures stability and accuracy during the processing.

[0028] The first connecting plate 19 on the push plate 18 is provided with a rack 22, which meshes with the first driving gear 23 on the first rotating shaft 8. When the push plate 18 moves, the rack 22 drives the first driving gear 23 to rotate, and then drives the first tool mounting frame 3 and the second tool mounting frame 4 to move in the horizontal direction through the bias transmission frame 9. The second connecting plate 20 is connected to the locking device 21, and the locking device 21 is in an unlocked state when the first tool adjustment assembly is running. When the tool is adjusted to the right position, the locking device 21 locks the tool in a precise position through the second connecting plate 20 to ensure stability and accuracy during the processing. The flexibility of tool switching is improved. The design of the locking device 21 ensures the stable position of the tool during the processing process, reduces the tool displacement caused by vibration or external factors, and the precise tool positioning and stable processing process help to reduce processing errors and improve product quality. At the same time, it reduces the downtime caused by improper tool adjustment and improves the overall processing efficiency.

[0029] The deflection transmission frame 9 is provided with a first slide groove 24 along its length direction. Two hinge seats 25 slidably arranged on the first slide groove 24 are respectively installed in the first slide groove 24. The two hinge seats 25 are respectively fixedly connected to the first tool mounting frame 3 and the second tool mounting frame 4.

[0030] When the push plate 18 moves linearly under the drive of the first linear driver 17, the deflection transmission frame 9 will deflect, and at the same time, the two articulated seats 25 will slide in the first slide groove 24 to adapt to the deflection of the deflection transmission frame 9 and ensure that the transmission connection with the tool mounting frame (i.e., the first tool mounting frame 3 and the second tool mounting frame 4) is not affected. Through this design, the displacement direction of the tool mounting frame is consistent with the pushing direction of the push plate 18, so that the tool can be quickly and accurately displaced. At the same time, the deflection of the deflection transmission frame 9 and the sliding mechanism of the articulated seat 25 in the first slide groove 24 ensure the stability and accuracy of the tool during the displacement process. This design not only improves the flexibility of tool switching, but also ensures the stability and accuracy during the processing. Compared with the problems of slow tool adjustment speed and low accuracy that may exist in traditional technologies, the deflection transmission frame 9 and the articulated seat 25 design of the present invention significantly improve the processing efficiency and processing quality.

[0031] The locking device 21 includes a third transmission rod 26, a locking plate 27, a locking plug rod 28 and a first spring 29. A transmission block 30 is fixedly installed on the second connecting plate 20. The locking plate 27 is horizontally slidably arranged on the horizontal displacement frame 2. The third transmission rod 26 and the locking plug rod 28 are both fixedly installed on the locking plate 27. The directions of the third transmission rod 26 and the locking plug rod 28 are consistent with the length direction of the push plate 18. First chamfers 31 are provided at both ends of the transmission block 30. A second chamfer 32 is provided at one end of the third transmission rod 26 close to the second connecting plate 20. The end of the third transmission rod 26 is always in contact with the surface of the second connecting plate 20 or the transmission block 30. The first spring 29 is arranged between the locking plate 27 and the horizontal displacement frame 2. The two ends of the first spring 29 are respectively fixedly connected to the locking plate 27 and the horizontal displacement frame 2. The first tool mounting frame 3 and the second tool mounting frame 4 are both provided with a locking slot 33 (combined with Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 7 ), a rubber pad is provided on the locking rod 28.

[0032] When the push plate 18 moves linearly under the drive of the first linear driver 17 , the transmission block 30 on the second connecting plate 20 moves accordingly. When the push plate 18 is displaced, the second connecting plate 20 is driven to be displaced, and the third transmission rod 26 slides relatively with respect to the second connecting plate 20. When the second chamfer 32 of the third transmission rod 26 contacts the first chamfer 31 of the transmission block 30, the third transmission rod 26 drives the locking plate 27 to overcome the elastic force of the first spring 29 and displace backward. The locking plate 27 drives the locking plug 28 to disengage from the locking slot 33 of the first tool mounting frame 3 or the second tool mounting frame 4. When the third transmission rod 26 conflicts with the transmission block 30, it is when the tool adjustment operation is performed toward the transmission frame 9. After the tool adjustment switching is completed, the third transmission rod 26 is again fitted with the surface of the second connecting plate 20. At this time, the third transmission rod 26 is reset under the elastic force of the first spring 29, that is, the locking plate 27 and the locking plug 28 are reset synchronously. At this time, the locking plug 28 is inserted into the locking slot 33 of the first tool mounting frame 3 or the second tool mounting frame 4 to complete the locking function after the tool adjustment operation. It is worth mentioning that locking slots 33 are provided at both the front and rear ends of the first tool mounting bracket 3 or the second tool mounting bracket 4 so as to achieve a locking effect at different tool adjustment positions.

[0033] Two auxiliary locking grooves 34 are provided on the second connecting plate 20 . The two auxiliary locking grooves 34 are respectively located on two sides of the transmission block 30 . The auxiliary locking grooves 34 are connected to the second connecting plate 20 through an arc angle.

[0034] When the locking rod 28 is inserted into the locking slot 33 of the first tool mounting bracket 3 or the second tool mounting bracket 4 , the auxiliary locking groove 34 can provide additional support or locking points to further enhance the locking effect.

[0035] The first chip removal mechanism 13 also includes a first mounting frame 35, a transmission channel 36, an inclined channel 37 and a conducting sliding seat 38. The first mounting frame 35 is fixedly mounted on the turning frame 11, the transmission channel 36 is arranged in the first mounting frame 35, the inclined channel 37 is arranged at one end of the first mounting frame 35 away from the turning frame 11, the middle part of the inclined channel 37 is connected with the transmission channel 36, the conducting sliding seat 38 is slidably arranged in the inclined channel 37, and the conducting sliding seat 38 is connected to the turning frame 11 through the transmission device 12. The two ends of the inclined channel 37 are respectively connected with the two nozzles 16, and the two nozzles 16 are respectively inclined to point to the keyway milling cutter 6 and the forming milling cutter 7.

[0036] The transmission channel 36 is externally connected to high-pressure gas and cutting fluid. High-pressure gas can not only be sprayed directly, but also used to increase the spraying speed of the cutting fluid, thereby enhancing the cleaning effect. At the same time, high-pressure gas and cutting fluid can be introduced separately to meet different processing requirements. The inclined channel 37 is connected to the transmission channel 36 to assist in guiding the high-pressure gas and cutting fluid to ensure that they can accurately reach the tool and the processing area. The conducting sliding seat 38 is slidably set in the inclined channel 37 to adjust the spraying direction of the high-pressure gas and cutting fluid so that it can change the spraying direction after the flipping operation to ensure that they can evenly cover the tool and the processing area. The nozzles 16 on both sides are tilted to point to the keyway milling cutter 6 and the forming milling cutter 7 respectively, for accurately spraying high-pressure gas and cutting fluid.

[0037] The addition of high-pressure gas significantly increases the ejection speed of the cutting fluid, allowing the cutting fluid to more effectively remove debris and impurities from the tool and maintain the cleanliness of the tool. High-pressure gas and cutting fluid can be introduced separately, providing more flexible cooling control. According to processing requirements, you can choose to use high-pressure gas alone for rapid cooling, or combine it with cutting fluid for deep cleaning and cooling. The enhanced cleaning and cooling effects help improve processing efficiency and stability. Clean tools can reduce cutting resistance and increase cutting speed; while effective cooling can reduce thermal deformation of tools and workpieces and improve processing accuracy.

[0038] The transmission device 12 includes a first transmission rod 39, a second transmission rod 40 and an inclined transmission rod 41. The inclined direction of the inclined transmission rod 41 is perpendicular to the inclined direction of the inclined channel 37. The inclined transmission rod 41 is transmission-connected to the conductive sliding seat 38 (combined with the first transmission rod 39). Figure 8 and Fig.10), an arc-shaped transmission groove 42 is opened on the side wall of the second tool mounting bracket 4, and the arc-shaped transmission groove 42 is arranged on the outer side of the second rotating shaft 10. The distance between the arc-shaped transmission groove 42 and the axis center of the second rotating shaft 10 gradually increases. One end of the first transmission rod 39 is slidably arranged in the arc-shaped transmission groove 42, and the other end of the first transmission rod 39 is transmission-connected to the second transmission rod 40. The second transmission rod 40 is slidably arranged on the first mounting bracket 35. The first mounting bracket 35 is provided with a first limiting plate 43 for the second transmission rod 40 to slide, and the other end of the second transmission rod 40 is transmission-connected to the inclined transmission rod 41.

[0039] When the second rotating shaft 10 rotates, since the distance between the arc-shaped transmission groove 42 and the axis of the second rotating shaft 10 gradually increases, the first transmission rod 39 slides in the arc-shaped transmission groove 42. During the flipping operation, the position of the end of the first transmission rod 39 changes relative to the axis of the second rotating shaft 10, thereby realizing the function of pushing or pulling the second transmission rod 40 to move on the first mounting frame 35. The second transmission rod 40 then drives the tilting transmission rod 41 to move. The tilting transmission rod 41 realizes power transmission through a transmission connection with the conductive sliding seat 38.

[0040] The design of the arc-shaped transmission groove 42 enables a specific relationship to exist between the sliding distance of the first transmission rod 39 and the rotation angle of the second rotating shaft 10, which helps to achieve precise control. That is, after the flip frame 11 flips ninety degrees, the cutting fluid is switched from being sprayed from one nozzle 16 to being sprayed from another nozzle 16, driving a specific distance to achieve the switching of the conduction direction of the conduction sliding seat 38.

[0041] The conducting sliding seat 38 is composed of a sealing vertical plate 44, a sealing connecting plate 45 and a connecting channel 46. Two sealing vertical plates 44 and two connecting channels 46 are each provided and are mirror-imaged in the inclined channel 37. The sealing connecting plate 45 is located between the two sealing vertical plates 44 and is fixedly connected to the two sealing vertical plates 44. The sealing connecting plate 45 can be sealed and matched with the connection between the inclined channel 37 and the transmission channel 36. Two limit strips 47 that abut against the ends of the connecting channel 46 are provided in the inclined channel 37. An outer sliding groove 48 for avoiding the inclined transmission rod 41 is provided on the side wall of the inclined channel 37. The inclined transmission rod 41 is fixedly connected to the two sealing vertical plates 44. An outer sealing plate 49 that is slidingly provided in the outer sliding groove 48 and is slidingly and sealingly connected thereto is fixedly connected to the inclined transmission rod 41.

[0042] The sealing vertical plates 44 are important components of the sealing function of the conduction sliding seat 38, and they ensure the sealing between the conduction sliding seat 38 and the inclined channel 37. The function of the sealing connecting plate 45 is to conduct with the connection between the inclined channel 37 and the transmission channel 36. The function of the limiting strip 47 is to limit the movement range of the conduction sliding seat 38 in the inclined channel 37 to ensure that it remains stable during operation.

[0043] When the tilting transmission rod 41 is driven by power, it will drive the sealing vertical plate 44 and the outer sealing plate 49 fixedly connected thereto to move together. During the sliding process, the sealing connecting plate 45 always maintains a sealing fit with the connection between the tilting channel 37 and the transmission channel 36, ensuring the sealing of the entire device. The conducting sliding seat 38 achieves a good seal with the tilting channel 37 and the transmission channel 36 through the joint action of the sealing vertical plate 44, the sealing connecting plate 45 and the outer sealing plate 49. The conducting direction can be automatically adjusted according to the flipping position to achieve operation at different processing positions.

[0044] A telescopic transmission plate 50 is provided on the side of the first transmission rod 39 away from the second tool mounting bracket 4, a telescopic rod is provided between the telescopic transmission plate 50 and the first transmission rod 39, a second spring 52 is sleeved on the telescopic rod, the telescopic transmission plate 50 is fixedly connected to the second transmission rod 40 through a connecting column, a second slide groove 53 is provided on the inclined transmission rod 41 along its length direction, a transmission push plate is provided at one end of the second transmission rod 40 away from the first transmission rod 39, the transmission push plate is slidably arranged in the second slide groove 53, third springs 54 are fixedly provided in the groove bottoms on both sides of the second slide groove 53, and the two third springs 54 are fixedly connected to the transmission push plates.

[0045] When the flip frame 11 flips, the end of the first transmission rod 39 slides in the arc transmission groove 42, causing the first transmission rod 39 to move relative to the first mounting frame 35. The first transmission rod 39 drives the telescopic transmission plate 50 to move through the second spring 52. The telescopic transmission plate 50 drives the second transmission rod 40 to slide on the first mounting frame 35 through the connecting column. The second transmission rod 40 drives the transmission push plate fixedly connected thereto to move synchronously. The transmission push plate pushes the tilting transmission rod 41 to move through the third spring 54, thereby realizing the transmission function of the conduction sliding seat 38, thereby realizing the conduction sliding seat 38 sliding in the tilting channel 37, and realizing the switching function. This design allows the transmission mechanism to have a certain buffering capacity when subjected to external force, and can adjust the transmission distance as needed. The second slide groove 53 on the tilting transmission rod 41 provides a sliding space for the transmission push plate, so that the second transmission rod 40 can achieve power transmission with the tilting transmission rod 41 through the sliding of the transmission push plate in the second slide groove 53. The third spring 54 provides a buffer and a restoring force for the transmission push plate, which helps to reduce impact and vibration during the transmission process and improve the stability and reliability of the transmission.

[0046] The second tool adjustment assembly also includes a flipping motor 55, a second driving gear 56, a driven gear 57 and a limit frame 58. The flipping motor 55 is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the second tool mounting frame 4, the second driving gear 56 is rotatably mounted on the second tool mounting frame 4, the driven gear 57 is fixedly mounted on the second rotating shaft 10, the second driving gear 56 is meshed with the driven gear 57, the output end of the flipping motor 55 is transmission-connected with the second driving gear 56, the limit frame 58 is fixedly arranged on the second tool mounting frame 4, and the flipping frame 11 conflicts with the limit frame 58 after being flipped into place.

[0047] The turning motor 55 transmits power through the meshing of the second driving gear 56 and the driven gear 57 to turn over the turning frame 11. The setting of the limit frame 58 ensures that the turning frame 11 can contact the limit frame 58 after turning over to the right position, thereby limiting the further turning of the turning frame 11 and ensuring the accuracy and stability of the turning. This design not only improves the flexibility of tool adjustment, but also ensures the safety and reliability of operation.

[0048] The above embodiments only express one or several implementation modes of the present invention, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention patent shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A finishing device for shaft components, characterized in that: The tool holder is provided with a first tool mounting frame and a second tool mounting frame which are slidably mounted on the tool holder. The spline gear shaft to be processed is clamped on the side of the tool holder. The finishing device comprises a scraper, a keyway milling cutter, a forming milling cutter, a first tool adjustment assembly, a second tool adjustment assembly and a chip removal assembly. The scraper is mounted on the first tool mounting frame. The first tool adjustment assembly is provided with a deflected transmission frame which is axially connected to the horizontal displacement frame through a first rotating axis. The two ends of the deflected transmission frame are respectively connected to the first tool mounting frame and the second tool mounting frame in a transmission manner. The second tool adjustment assembly comprises a flip frame and a transmission device mounted on the second tool mounting frame. The flip frame is axially connected to the second tool mounting frame through a second rotating axis. The keyway milling cutter and the forming milling cutter are respectively mounted on both sides of the flip frame. The chip removal assembly comprises a first chip removal mechanism mounted on the first tool mounting frame and a second chip removal mechanism mounted on the second tool mounting frame. The first chip removal mechanism is provided with a vacuum suction nozzle. The second chip removal mechanism is provided with a nozzle for spraying cutting fluid and high-pressure air. The nozzle is connected to the transmission device in a transmission manner.

2. A finishing device for shaft components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first tool adjustment assembly also includes a first linear drive, a push plate, a first connecting plate, a second connecting plate and a locking device. The second connecting plate and the locking device are each provided with two and are respectively located at both ends of the horizontal displacement frame. The first rotating shaft is installed on the first tool mounting frame and the second tool mounting frame on a side away from the spline gear shaft and is located between the two. The first linear drive is fixedly installed on the horizontal displacement frame. The output end of the first linear drive is fixedly connected to the push plate. The length direction of the push plate is consistent with the axial direction of the spline gear shaft. The first connecting plate and the second connecting plate are both vertically fixedly installed on the push plate. A rack is provided on the first connecting plate. The first rotating shaft is provided with a first driving gear that can mesh with the rack. The first driving gear is transmission-connected to the bias transmission frame, and the second connecting plate is transmission-connected to the locking device.

3. A finishing device for shaft components according to claim 2, characterized in that: The deflection transmission frame is provided with a first slide groove along its length direction, and two hinge seats which can be slidably arranged on the first slide groove are respectively installed in the first slide groove, and the two hinge seats are respectively fixedly connected to the first tool mounting frame and the second tool mounting frame.

4. A finishing device for shaft components according to claim 3, characterized in that: The locking device includes a third transmission rod, a locking plate, a locking rod and a first spring. A transmission block is fixedly installed on the second connecting plate. The locking plate is horizontally slidably arranged on the horizontal displacement frame. The third transmission rod and the locking rod are both fixedly installed on the locking plate. The directions of the third transmission rod and the locking rod are consistent with the length direction of the push plate. A first chamfer is provided at both ends of the transmission block. A second chamfer is provided at one end of the third transmission rod close to the second connecting plate. The end of the third transmission rod is always in contact with the surface of the second connecting plate or the transmission block. The first spring is arranged between the locking plate and the horizontal displacement frame. The two ends of the first spring are respectively fixedly connected to the locking plate and the horizontal displacement frame. The first tool mounting frame and the second tool mounting frame are both provided with locking slots matching the locking rod, and the locking rod is provided with a rubber pad.

5. A finishing device for shaft components according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second connecting plate is provided with two auxiliary locking grooves, which are respectively located on both sides of the transmission block, and the auxiliary locking grooves are connected to the second connecting plate through an arc angle.

6. A finishing device for shaft components according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first chip removal mechanism also includes a first mounting frame, a transmission channel, an inclined channel and a conducting sliding seat. The first mounting frame is fixedly mounted on the flip frame, the transmission channel is arranged in the first mounting frame, the inclined channel is arranged at an end of the first mounting frame away from the flip frame, the middle part of the inclined channel is connected with the transmission channel, the conducting sliding seat is slidably arranged in the inclined channel, the conducting sliding seat is connected to the flip frame through a transmission device, and the two ends of the inclined channel are respectively connected with two nozzles, and the two nozzles are tilted to point to the keyway milling cutter and the forming milling cutter respectively.

7. A finishing device for shaft components according to claim 6, characterized in that: The transmission device includes a first transmission rod, a second transmission rod and an inclined transmission rod. The inclined direction of the inclined transmission rod is perpendicular to the inclined direction of the inclined channel. The inclined transmission rod is transmission-connected to the conducting sliding seat. An arc-shaped transmission groove is provided on the side wall of the second tool mounting bracket. The arc-shaped transmission groove is arranged on the outer side of the second rotating shaft. The distance between the arc-shaped transmission groove and the axis of the second rotating shaft gradually increases. One end of the first transmission rod is slidingly arranged in the arc-shaped transmission groove. The other end of the first transmission rod is transmission-connected to the second transmission rod. The second transmission rod is slidingly arranged on the first mounting bracket. The first mounting bracket is provided with a first limit plate for the second transmission rod to slide. The other end of the second transmission rod is transmission-connected to the inclined transmission rod.

8. A finishing device for shaft components according to claim 7, characterized in that: The conducting sliding seat is composed of a sealing vertical plate, a sealing connecting plate and a connecting channel. Two sealing vertical plates and two connecting channels are each provided and are mirror-imaged in the inclined channel. The sealing connecting plate is located between the two sealing vertical plates and is fixedly connected to the two sealing vertical plates. The sealing connecting plate can seal and cooperate with the connection between the inclined channel and the transmission channel. Two limit strips that interfere with the ends of the connecting channel are provided in the inclined channel. An outer sliding groove for avoiding the inclined transmission rod is provided on the side wall of the inclined channel. The inclined transmission rod is fixedly connected to the two sealing vertical plates. An outer sealing plate that is slidingly provided in the outer sliding groove and is slidably and sealingly connected to the outer sealing plate is fixedly connected to the inclined transmission rod.

9. A finishing device for shaft components according to claim 8, characterized in that: A telescopic transmission plate is provided on the side of the first transmission rod away from the second tool mounting bracket, a telescopic rod is provided between the telescopic transmission plate and the first transmission rod, a second spring is sleeved on the telescopic rod, the telescopic transmission plate and the second transmission rod are fixedly connected through a connecting column, a second slide groove is provided on the inclined transmission rod along its length direction, a transmission push plate is provided on the end of the second transmission rod away from the first transmission rod, the transmission push plate is slidably arranged in the second slide groove, third springs are fixedly provided in the groove bottoms on both sides of the second slide groove, and the two third springs are fixedly connected to the transmission push plates.

10. A finishing device for shaft components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second tool adjustment assembly also includes a flipping motor, a second driving gear, a driven gear and a limit frame. The flipping motor is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the second tool mounting frame, the second driving gear is rotatably mounted on the second tool mounting frame, the driven gear is fixedly mounted on the second rotating shaft, the second driving gear is meshed with the driven gear, the output end of the flipping motor is transmission-connected with the second driving gear, the limit frame is fixedly arranged on the second tool mounting frame, and the flipping frame conflicts with the limit frame after being flipped into place.

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