A traction type ankle joint rehabilitation training device comprises a base, a wheel support, an air pressure lifting table, a shank support, a foot cover, a motor driving mechanism and a flexion andextension traction mechanism. The wheel support is arranged at one end of the base, and the air pressure lifting table is installed in the middle of the base; the motor driving mechanism is installedon one side of the base, and the flexion and extension traction mechanism is arranged among the motor driving mechanism, the wheel support and the foot cover; the shank support is movably connected tothe air pressure lifting table; the foot cover is provided with an upper hook and a lower hook, the upper hook and the lower hook are connected with the motor driving mechanism through the flexion and extension traction mechanism separately, the air pressure lifting table drives the lower leg support to ascend and descend, and the motor driving mechanism drives the foot cover to achieve flexion and extension through the flexion and extension traction mechanism. A traction rope is connected with a motor, the traction rope is connected with the foot cover to drive the ankle joint to achieve flexion, extension or turning-over, a patient with ankle joint injuries can be effectively assisted in post-operation rehabilitation training, or a patient suffering from ankle joint deformity can be subjected to corrective treatment. The traction type ankle joint rehabilitation training device is simple in structure and convenient to operate.