A tool suitable for clamping small hollow frame type workpieces

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of tooling suitable for the clamping of small hollow frame workpiece, belong to workpiece clamping device technical field.The tooling applicable frame workpiece has quadrilateral four-side frame and intermediate rib located in the middle of quadrilateral and connecting opposite two frame;The tooling includes four square seat block on seat leg;The top surface of seat block is made with symmetrical notch groove and is fixed with clamp jaw assembly;The middle part of seat block is made with through hole and is equipped with clamping jaw assembly.The tooling clamps the four-side frame of frame workpiece by clamp jaw assembly at the same time, and clamps the intermediate rib of frame workpiece by clamping jaw assembly, so that frame workpiece is clamped more firmly;And the intermediate rib of different number and position distribution frame workpiece can be clamped firmly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a rapid clamping and positioning device for machining, and more particularly to a special process device suitable for clamping frame-type workpieces, belonging to the technical field of workpiece clamping devices (B25B 11 / 00). Background Technology

[0002] Currently, an increasing number of products with complex structures and irregular shapes require CNC machining; therefore, higher demands are placed on the clamping equipment for product machining. For example, for some small frame-type workpieces, the frame often has small open spaces with ribs or beams, and the workpiece's surface needs to be machined to ensure flatness and smoothness; 1) Traditional clamp-type tooling fixtures can only clamp around the perimeter, which cannot guarantee a secure clamping, and may even lead to dimensional errors and scrapping risks during product machining; 2) Existing methods use a fixture with a pressure plate after setting a base in the open cavity of the frame workpiece to clamp the workpiece, but this method involves segmented machining, which can easily result in tool marks, making it difficult to guarantee the flatness of the machined surface; 3) Using existing internal support tooling requires adjusting the height of the internal support to level the workpiece surface during clamping, and due to the influence of the ribs in the open space of the frame workpiece, the clamping and alignment time is long, affecting machining efficiency, and multiple surface machining operations are necessary; etc. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is how to enable special workpieces such as frame-type workpieces to be firmly clamped during CNC machining and to achieve high-quality completion of the planar machining of the workpiece in one go.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution proposed by the present invention is: a fixture suitable for clamping small hollow frame-shaped workpieces, wherein the frame-shaped workpiece has four sides of a quadrilateral and a middle rib located in the hollow part in the middle of the quadrilateral connecting the two opposite sides; characterized in that: the fixture includes a seat block with a quadrilateral top surface provided on the seat legs, the seat legs are respectively placed on both sides of the bottom of the seat block to form two opposite seats, and a gap is formed between the two seat legs; the four sides of the top surface of the seat block are formed with symmetrical notches, and clamping assemblies are fixed in the notches; a through hole is formed in the middle of the seat block, and a clamping claw assembly is installed in the hole;

[0005] The clamp assembly includes an adjusting bolt and a top block that are threaded together. One side of the top block abuts against the inner end face of the notch, and the other side of the top block forms a clamping jaw with the inner end face of the adjusting bolt.

[0006] The gripper assembly includes a pair of gripper rods, a pair of connecting rods, a pair of gripper seats, and a cylinder. The gripper seats are fixed to the top surface of the seat block, and the cylinder body of the cylinder is fixed to the bottom surface of the seat block. A connecting block is sleeved on the telescopic rod of the cylinder. One end of each gripper rod has a gripper formed and is hinged to the gripper seat, and the other end is hinged to one end of the connecting rod. The other end of the connecting rod is hinged to the connecting block.

[0007] In use, the frame-shaped workpiece is placed on the seat block, the four sides of the frame-shaped workpiece are inserted into the jaws of the clamp, the jaws at one end of the pair of jaw bars extend out of the top surface of the seat block, and the middle rib of the frame-shaped workpiece is inserted between the pair of jaws at one end of the pair of jaw bars.

[0008] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1) By rotating the adjusting bolt, the inner end face of the adjusting bolt and the other side of the top block clamp the four sides of the frame-shaped workpiece. The cylinder rises, and the telescopic rod drives the connecting rod to rotate, causing a pair of gripper rods to rotate and approach each other to clamp the middle rib of the frame-shaped workpiece. The pneumatic gripper assembly utilizes the cavity between the legs to accommodate the cylinder, and uses the hole made in the middle of the seat block to pass through the gripper rods and connecting rods, cleverly solving the problem of clamping the middle rib in the narrow hollow area of ​​the frame-shaped workpiece. This clamps both the four sides of the frame-shaped workpiece and the middle rib, thus clamping the narrow hollow frame-shaped workpiece more firmly. 2) Since the clamping assembly and gripper assembly only contact the four sides and the middle rib of the frame-shaped workpiece, and do not contact the machined surface of the frame-shaped workpiece, after firm clamping, the surface machining of the frame-shaped workpiece can be completed in one high-quality operation (flatness and smoothness are guaranteed). 3) In addition, it can adapt to the changes in the number and position distribution of the intermediate ribs of different frame-shaped workpieces, so that the gripper assembly can firmly clamp the intermediate ribs of frame-shaped workpieces with different numbers and position distributions.

[0009] Furthermore, the diameter of the hole is larger than the maximum external dimensions of the gripper assembly.

[0010] Furthermore, there are eight notches distributed along the four sides of the top surface of the seat block, and eight clamping assemblies are fixed thereon; there are four sets of holes, and four sets of clamping claw assemblies are respectively installed thereon.

[0011] Furthermore, the frame-shaped workpiece has three intermediate ribs that connect one side and the opposite side. These are two diagonal intermediate ribs and a straight intermediate rib located between the two diagonal intermediate ribs. One end of each of the three intermediate ribs is joined together to connect to the middle of the one side, while the other end of the straight intermediate rib connects to the middle of the opposite side. The other ends of the two diagonal intermediate ribs connect to the two corners of the opposite side.

[0012] Furthermore, the middle rib of the frame-shaped workpiece is a straight middle rib; one end of the straight middle rib is connected to the middle of one side frame, and the other end is connected to the middle of the other side frame.

[0013] Furthermore, the middle rib of the frame-shaped workpiece consists of two diagonal middle ribs; one end of each of the two diagonal middle ribs is joined together to connect to the middle of a frame, and the other end is respectively connected to the two corners of the frame. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the tooling used in Embodiment 1 of the present invention for clamping small hollow frame-shaped workpieces when it is holding the first type of frame-shaped workpiece.

[0015] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Top view;

[0016] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Sectional view along line AA;

[0017] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 A top view of the structure of the seat block decomposed from the middle;

[0018] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a clamp assembly disassembled from the sample;

[0019] Figure 6 yes Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a gripper assembly decomposed from the sample.

[0020] Figure 7 This is a top view of the tooling used in Embodiment 2 for clamping small hollow frame-type workpieces when it is holding a second type of frame-type workpiece.

[0021] Figure 8 Example 3 is a top view of the fixture used for clamping small hollow frame-type workpieces when it is holding a third type of frame-type workpiece. Detailed Implementation Example 1

[0022] This embodiment describes a fixture suitable for clamping small hollow frame-shaped workpieces. One type of frame-shaped workpiece to be processed is shown in Figure 4. Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, the frame-shaped workpiece 4 to be processed has four quadrilateral sides 4-1, 4-2, 4-3 and 4-4, and a middle rib located in the middle of the quadrilateral and connecting the two opposite sides 4-1 and 4-3. The middle rib consists of three ribs connecting one side 4-1 and the opposite side 4-3: two diagonal middle ribs 4-5 and a straight middle rib 4-7 located between the two diagonal middle ribs 4-5 and 4-6. One end of each of the three middle ribs 4-5, 4-6 and 4-7 is joined together to connect to the middle of one side 4-1, and the other end of the straight middle rib 4-7 is connected to the middle of the opposite side 4-3. The other ends of the two diagonal middle ribs 4-5 and 4-6 are respectively connected to the two corners of the opposite side 4-3.

[0023] The tooling used in this embodiment for clamping frame-type workpieces is as follows: Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the device includes a square seat block 2 mounted on a seat leg 1. The top surface of the seat block 2 is quadrilateral. The seat legs 1 are positioned on both sides of the bottom of the seat block 2, forming two opposing seat legs 1 with a gap between them. The top surface of the seat block 2 has symmetrical notches 3 on its four sides, and clamping assemblies 5 are fixedly installed in the notches 3. In this embodiment, eight notches 3 are distributed along the four sides of the top surface of the seat block 3 (two on each side and symmetrical in pairs), and eight clamping assemblies 5 (two on each side and symmetrical in pairs) are fixedly installed in the corresponding eight notches 3. The sides of the seat legs 1 are slotted and can be fixed by a machine tool pressure plate. The top of the seat legs 1 has mounting holes and is fixed to the seat block 2 by bolts.

[0024] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, a through hole 6 is formed in the middle of the seat block 2, and a gripper assembly 7 is installed inside the hole 6. The diameter of the hole 6 should be larger than the maximum external dimensions of the gripper assembly 7 when it is unfolded. In this embodiment, four sets of holes 6 are formed in the middle of the seat block 2, and four sets of gripper assemblies 7 are installed in each hole. Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the two sets of gripper assemblies 7 located on both sides of the seat block 2 are used to clamp the middle ribs 4-5 and 4-6 of the two diagonal lines, respectively. The upper and lower sets of gripper assemblies 7 located in the middle of the seat block 2 are used to clamp the middle rib 4-7 of the straight line. This can form a strong clamping force on the middle part of the frame-shaped workpiece 4 to provide better support during processing.

[0025] like Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, each clamp assembly 5 includes an adjusting bolt 5-1 and a top block 5-2 that are threaded together from the outside to the inside. One side of the top block 5-2 abuts against the inner end face of the notch 3, and the other side of the top block 5-2 forms a clamping jaw 5-3 between it and the inner end face of the adjusting bolt 5-1. The other side of the top block 5-2 and the inner end face of the bolt 5-1 constitute the two opposite faces of the clamping jaw 5-3.

[0026] like Figure 6 As shown, each gripper assembly 7 includes a pair of gripper rods 7-1, a pair of connecting rods 7-2, a pair of gripper seats 7-3, and a cylinder 7-4. The gripper seats 7-3 are fixed to the top surface of the seat block 2, and the cylinder body of the cylinder 7-4 is fixed to the bottom surface of the seat block 2. A connecting block 7-5 is sleeved on the telescopic rod 7-4-1 of the cylinder 7-4. One end of the gripper rod 7-1 forms a gripper and is hinged to the gripper seat 7-3 via a pin 7-6. The other end of the gripper rod 7-1 is hinged to one end of the connecting rod 7-2 via a pin 7-7. The other end of the connecting rod 7-2 is hinged to the connecting block 7-5 via a pin 7-8. Figure 3 As shown, the lower half of the gripper assembly 7 (mainly the cylinder body of cylinder 7-4) is accommodated in the gap between the two seat legs 1. The positioning surface and clearance groove are precision machined at the middle hole 6 of the seat block 2, and the gripper assembly 7 is fixed with bolts.

[0027] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in use, the frame-shaped workpiece 4 to be processed is placed on the top surface of the seat block 2, with the surface of the frame-shaped workpiece 4 to be machined facing upwards. The four sides of the frame-shaped workpiece 4 are inserted into the clamping jaws 5-3 between the adjusting bolt 5-1 and the top block 5-2 of the clamping assembly 5. At the same time, the middle rib of the frame-shaped workpiece 4 is placed between a pair of clamping jaws 7-1 of the jaw assembly 7. First, by finely adjusting the distance between the top block 5-2 and the adjusting bolt 5-1, i.e., adjusting the diameter of the clamping jaws 5-3, the clamping tightness of the clamping assembly on the four sides of the frame-shaped workpiece 4 can be adjusted. Increasing the distance between the adjusting bolt 5-1 and the top block 5-2 will release the clamping of the four sides of the frame-shaped workpiece 4. II. 1) When cylinder 7-4 is opened, the telescopic rod 7-4-1 of cylinder 7-4 drives the connecting block 7-5 to rise, and the connecting rod 7-2 rotates forward and rises. Under the drive of the forward rotation of the connecting rod 7-2, the pair of gripper rods 7-1 also rotates forward and moves closer to each other. The pair of grippers at one end of each pair of gripper rods 7-1 clamps the three intermediate ribs 4-5, 4-6 and 4-7 of the frame-shaped workpiece 4 respectively. 2) When cylinder 7-4 is closed, the telescopic rod 7-4-1 of cylinder 7-4 drives the connecting block 7-5 to fall, and the connecting rod 7-2 falls in the opposite direction. Under the drive of the reverse rotation of the connecting rod 7-2, the pair of gripper rods 7-1 also rotates in the opposite direction and moves away from each other. The pair of grippers at one end of each pair of gripper rods 7-1 releases the gripping of the three intermediate ribs 4-5, 4-6 and 4-7 of the frame-shaped workpiece 4.

[0028] Practice has shown that this embodiment achieves automatic alignment, clamping, and loosening of the irregular frame-shaped workpiece 4, thus making the clamping very accurate, convenient, and reliable. It can guarantee the machining dimensional accuracy and surface quality requirements, and significantly improve the clamping efficiency during production. Example 2

[0029] This embodiment is a variation based on Embodiment 1, mainly changing the frame-shaped workpiece 4 to be processed. The fixture used in this embodiment for clamping small hollow frame-shaped workpieces is a second type of frame-shaped workpiece 4, which has only one straight central rib 4-7. For example... Figure 7 As shown, one end of the straight middle rib is connected to the middle of frame 4-1, and the other end is connected to the middle of frame 4-3. The straight middle rib 4-7 can be held by simply using the upper and lower sets of gripper assemblies 7 in the middle of the seat block 2. Example 3

[0030] This embodiment is another variation based on Embodiment 1. The fixture used in this embodiment for clamping small hollow frame-shaped workpieces is a third type of frame-shaped workpiece 4. This third type of frame-shaped workpiece 4 has only two diagonal intermediate ribs 4-5 and 4-6. As shown in Figure 8, one end of each of the two diagonal intermediate ribs is joined together to connect to the middle of a frame 4-1, and the other end is connected to the two corners of the opposite frame 4-3. Only the two sets of gripper assemblies 7 on both sides of the seat block 2 are needed to clamp the two diagonal intermediate ribs 4-5 and 4-6 respectively.

[0031] In addition to the above embodiments, the present invention may have other implementation methods. Technical solutions formed by equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation all fall within the protection scope claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A fixture suitable for clamping small hollow frame-shaped workpieces, wherein the frame-shaped workpiece has four sides of a quadrilateral and a central rib located at the hollow center of the quadrilateral connecting opposite sides; characterized in that: The tooling includes a seat block with a quadrilateral top surface mounted on a seat leg. The seat legs are positioned on both sides of the bottom of the seat block to form two opposing legs with a gap between them. The top surface of the seat block has symmetrical notches on its four sides, and a clamping assembly is fixed in the notches. The center of the seat block has a through hole, and a gripper assembly is inserted into the hole. The clamp assembly includes an adjusting bolt and a top block that are threaded together. One side of the top block abuts against the inner end face of the notch, and the other side of the top block forms a clamping jaw with the inner end face of the adjusting bolt. The gripper assembly includes a pair of gripper rods, a pair of connecting rods, a pair of gripper seats, and a cylinder. The gripper seats are fixed to the top surface of the seat block, and the cylinder body of the cylinder is fixed to the bottom surface of the seat block. A connecting block is sleeved on the telescopic rod of the cylinder. One end of the gripper rod is hinged to the gripper seat, and the other end is hinged to one end of the connecting rod. The other end of the connecting rod is hinged to the connecting block. In use, the frame-shaped workpiece is placed on the seat block, the four sides of the frame-shaped workpiece are inserted into the jaws of the clamp, the jaws at one end of the pair of jaw bars extend out of the top surface of the seat block, and the middle rib of the frame-shaped workpiece is inserted between the pair of jaws at one end of the pair of jaw bars.

2. The fixture for clamping small hollow frame-type workpieces according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the hole is larger than the maximum external dimensions of the gripper assembly.

3. The tooling for clamping small hollow frame-type workpieces according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The notch slots are distributed along the four sides of the top surface of the seat block in eight ways, and eight clamping assemblies are fixed thereon; there are four sets of holes, and four sets of clamping claw assemblies are respectively inserted through them.

4. The tooling for clamping small hollow frame-type workpieces according to claim 3, characterized in that: The frame-shaped workpiece has three intermediate ribs that connect one side and the opposite side. These are two diagonal intermediate ribs and a straight intermediate rib located between the two diagonal intermediate ribs. One end of each of the three intermediate ribs is joined together to connect to the middle of the one side, while the other end of the straight intermediate rib connects to the middle of the opposite side. The other ends of the two diagonal intermediate ribs connect to the two corners of the opposite side.

5. The fixture for clamping small hollow frame-type workpieces according to claim 3, characterized in that: The middle rib of the frame-shaped workpiece is a straight middle rib; one end of the straight middle rib is connected to the middle of one side frame, and the other end is connected to the middle of the other side frame.

6. The fixture for clamping small hollow frame-type workpieces according to claim 3, characterized in that: The frame-shaped workpiece has two diagonal middle ribs; one end of each of the two diagonal middle ribs is joined together to connect to the middle of a frame, and the other end is respectively connected to the two corners of the frame.

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