Prefabricated concrete outer wall with reversely-hit heat-preservation decorative plates and preparation method and using method of prefabricated concrete outer wall

Abstract

The invention discloses a reverse-hit heat-preservation decorative plate precast concrete outer wall and a preparation method and a use method thereof.The reverse-hit heat-preservation decorative plate precast concrete outer wall comprises a heat-preservation decorative plate and precast concrete, the heat-preservation decorative plate and the precast concrete are compounded and integrally formed through a reverse-hit technology, the heat-preservation decorative plate is provided with a heat-preservation layer and a facing layer, the facing layer is made of a non-metal material, and the heat-preservation layer is made of a non-metal material. A layer of transparent film is arranged on the surface of the facing layer; the heat preservation layer is made of an inorganic composite polyphenyl heat preservation plate. The thermal insulation decoration and the structure of the prefabricated concrete outer wall with the reversely-hit thermal insulation decorative plate are integrally formed and industrially produced, the product quality is controllable, the problems of long construction period, serious pollution, poor economical efficiency and the like caused by separate construction of a structural layer, a thermal insulation layer and a facing layer on site are solved, the preparation process is simple, the production efficiency is high, and the production cost is low. The use method reduces the use amount of formworks during field installation, and is good in economical efficiency, simple in waterproof structure and good in waterproof effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of construction engineering, and in particular to a precast concrete exterior wall with reverse-insulated decorative panels and a preparation method and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] After the development in recent years, the proportion of housing area built with prefabricated buildings has increased significantly, which has effectively improved the quality of building construction, but there is still a gap from the industry's expectations. The industry also generally recognizes that if prefabricated buildings are to shoulder the mission of transformation and upgrading of the construction industry, they must adhere to the original intention of "two increases and two reductions", namely "improving quality and efficiency; reducing labor and pollution". The problem of thermal insulation and energy saving is a key issue that prefabricated buildings must focus on solving in order to implement this concept, and this is often a pain point in traditional construction. In terms of building thermal insulation and energy saving, prefabricated buildings have made great progress compared to traditional ones. For example, the sandwich insulation exterior wall panel system commonly used in northern regions effectively solves a series of problems such as different lifespans between the insulation layer and the main structure, easy falling off, and difficult fire prevention.

[0003] In development projects, sandwich insulation exterior wall panel systems are rarely used. Most of the main structures are prefabricated, and non-structural exterior retaining walls use precision blocks or aerated concrete blocks. There are also prefabricated concrete exterior walls without inherent insulation as enclosure walls. The insulation and decoration methods are still the traditional post-construction external insulation or internal insulation methods, or the insulation decorative panels are connected to the main structure by post-bonding and anchoring, without forming an integrated insulation and decoration structure.

[0004] Judging from the current development of prefabricated buildings in China, the system that systematically solves the problem of exterior wall insulation is the sandwich insulation exterior wall panel system. However, the implementation of this system in other regions except the northern region is not ideal, mainly due to the following reasons:

[0005] (1) The southern region does not pay enough attention to the issue of exterior wall insulation;

[0006] (2) Although the sandwich insulation exterior wall panel is a groundbreaking product with significant advantages, it also has its own inherent disadvantages. The wall panel consists of three parts, namely the structural layer, the insulation layer and the outer layer. The outer layer simply protects the insulation layer and is generally 60 mm thick. According to the incentive policies for promoting prefabricated buildings issued in many places across the country, developers can enjoy an area bonus of no more than 3% of the prescribed volume ratio when they obtain land for construction. This part of the bonus will be converted into saleable area to balance the incremental costs generated by the use of prefabricated buildings. If this system is adopted, the projected area of ​​the outer layer will be included, and the actual bonus area that the developer can obtain will be significantly reduced.

[0007] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new exterior wall system that integrates a structural layer, a thermal insulation layer, and a decorative surface layer without increasing the thickness, and can be efficiently produced and installed. Summary of the Invention

[0008] Based on the deficiencies of the above-mentioned existing technologies, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a precast concrete exterior wall with an inverted thermal insulation and decorative board, and its preparation method and usage method. The thermal insulation, decoration, and structure of the present invention are integrally formed, industrially produced, and the product quality is controllable. It reduces the problems of long construction period, serious pollution, and poor economy caused by separate construction of the on-site structural layer, thermal insulation layer, and decorative layer. Its preparation process is simple, the production efficiency is relatively high, and its usage method reduces the amount of formwork used during on-site installation, and has good economy.

[0009] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical measures:

[0010] The precast concrete exterior wall with an inverted thermal insulation and decorative board of the present invention includes: a thermal insulation and decorative board and precast concrete. The thermal insulation and decorative board and the precast concrete are integrally formed by an inverted process. The thermal insulation and decorative board has a thermal insulation layer and a decorative surface layer. The decorative surface layer is made of a non-metallic material, and a transparent film is provided on the surface of the decorative surface layer; the thermal insulation layer uses an inorganic composite polystyrene thermal insulation board.

[0011] Preferably, the thermal insulation and decorative board is assembled by multiple thermal insulation and decorative boards. Grooves are reserved on the four sides of the decorative surface layer in each thermal insulation and decorative board. The depth of the groove is the same as the thickness of the decorative surface layer, and the width is 5 mm; a 10-mm gap is reserved between adjacent two thermal insulation boards, and a 20-mm gap is reserved between adjacent two decorative surface layers, forming a first vertical joint and a first horizontal joint.

[0012] Furthermore, the thermal insulation and decorative board is connected to the precast concrete through a tie member. The anchoring depth of the tie member is not less than 50 mm; the cross-section of the tie member is in the shape of a king character and is formed by welding multiple steel plates. The width of its upper flange is 20 mm, the width of its middle flange is 9 - 10 mm, the width of its lower flange is 10 mm. The height of the tie member is not less than 100 mm, and the distance between its upper flange and middle flange is 10 mm; the length of the tie member is not less than 40 mm, and the thickness of the steel plate is 1.5 - 2 mm; the number of tie members for a single precast concrete exterior wall with an inverted thermal insulation and decorative board is not less than 8 per square meter. 2 。

[0013] Furthermore, two columns and four rows of tensioning screw holes are reserved on the wall panel. The positions of the tensioning screw holes are in the first vertical joint between the thermal insulation and decorative boards. The diameter of the tensioning screw holes is 20 mm, and the tensioning screw holes are provided with through holes along the wall thickness.

[0014] Furthermore, the insulation decorative panel extends out of the left and right sides of the precast concrete by 200mm to 400mm, extends out of the bottom of the precast concrete by about 35mm to 50mm, and extends out of the top of the precast concrete by 65mm to 150mm.

[0015] Correspondingly, the present invention also provides a method for preparing a precast concrete exterior wall with a reverse-hit thermal insulation decorative panel, the steps of which are:

[0016] S1, assembling the first template of the thermal insulation decorative panel on the template platform into a large rectangular frame, the height of the rectangular frame being consistent with the thickness of the thermal insulation decorative panel;

[0017] S2, arrange the insulation decorative panels in reverse order and lay them in the rectangular frame, starting from the lower left corner of the rectangular frame, first lay the first insulation decorative panel, then install the anchors at the horizontal seams and the vertical seams, then install the second insulation decorative panel close to the anchors at the horizontal seams, then install the third insulation decorative panel close to the anchors at the vertical seams, then install the anchors at the horizontal seams and the vertical seams, and then install the fourth insulation decorative panel in sequence, and repeat this process until the insulation decorative panels are installed;

[0018] S3, insert the tooling for the tension screw holes at the vertical seam. The tooling uses a PVC20 pipe. First, expand the hole at the specified position. The expansion size is 18mm, and the depth is the same as the thickness of the insulation board in the insulation decorative board. When the tooling is inserted, the bottom directly passes through the insulation decorative board and is close to the mold table, so that the insulation boards on both sides of the tooling will be close to the tooling. At the same time, the tooling in the concrete part is fixed with wire and steel bars;

[0019] S4, seal the first horizontal seam and the first vertical seam between the thermal insulation decorative panels, apply a layer of structural adhesive evenly on the first horizontal seam and the first vertical seam, and then apply the seam paper; at the location where there is a tie piece, apply another layer of seam paper with the same cross-sectional form as the tie piece, and apply another layer of sealant in the gap formed by the seam paper and the tie piece; at the location where there is a tie screw hole tooling, apply another layer of seam paper, pass through the tooling, close to the first seam paper, and apply another layer of sealant in the gap formed by the seam paper and the tooling to ensure that there is no leakage;

[0020] S5, draw the outline of the precast concrete on the insulation board, lay a circle of waterproof membrane along the outline, half of the width of the waterproof membrane is inside the outline and half is outside the outline, and then assemble the second template of the precast concrete to form a small rectangular frame, which is close to the insulation board and on the upper part of the insulation board;

[0021] S6, tie the vertical and horizontal steel bars in a small rectangular frame, and tie the end of the anchor extending into the concrete to the steel bars;

[0022] S7, concreting and curing;

[0023] S8, demoulding and finished product storage.

[0024] Furthermore, in step S2, the upper flange of the anchor is close to the groove reserved in the finishing layer, wherein the flange is stuck between the insulation layers, and the lower flange extends into the concrete layer for anchoring, and the 10 mm width of the middle flange is used to control the horizontal and vertical seams reserved between the two insulation decorative panels.

[0025] Correspondingly, the method for using the reverse-hit thermal insulation decorative board precast concrete exterior wall of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0026] S9, carry out in-depth design of the precast concrete exterior wall with reverse-insulated decorative panels for the standard layers of the single building; the in-depth design includes the layout design of the thermal insulation decorative panels and the waterproof node design of the precast concrete exterior wall with reverse-insulated decorative panels; the layout design of the thermal insulation decorative panels: the first horizontal seam of the thermal insulation decorative panels in a single component is on the same horizontal line, the first vertical seam is on the same vertical line, the first horizontal seam of the thermal insulation decorative panels in the adjacent left and right components forms a staggered seam, the first vertical seam of the thermal insulation decorative panels in the adjacent upper and lower components is on a straight line, and the size of the thermal insulation decorative panels adopts the form of fewer specifications and more combinations; the waterproof node design of the precast concrete exterior wall with reverse-insulated decorative panels includes a horizontal waterproof node design and a vertical waterproof node design, and the horizontal waterproof node design: the second horizontal seam formed by the thermal insulation decorative panels in the adjacent left and upper components and the third horizontal seam formed by the precast concrete A staggered seam is formed, a PE rod is inserted into the second horizontal seam, and then a modified silicone sealant is injected; the vertical waterproof node is designed with a straight vertical seam and an L-shaped vertical seam. In the straight vertical seam, the insulation decorative panels of the precast concrete extending from the adjacent left and right components form a second vertical seam with a seam width of not less than 20 mm. A PE rod is inserted into the second vertical seam, and then a modified silicone sealant is injected. A flexible waterproof membrane is laid at the joint between the precast concrete and the cast-in-place concrete to ensure that water does not leak at the joint; in the L-shaped vertical seam, the insulation decorative panels of the precast concrete extending from the two adjacent corner components form a positive angle or a negative angle, and a second vertical seam of 20 mm is reserved between the insulation decorative panels at the corner. A PE rod is inserted into the second vertical seam, and then a modified silicone sealant is injected. A flexible waterproof membrane is laid at the joint between the precast concrete and the cast-in-place concrete to ensure that water does not leak at the joint;

[0027] S10, installation construction of prefabricated concrete exterior wall with reverse insulation decorative panels on standard floors of single buildings, the installation construction includes the following steps:

[0028] S101, determine the installation sequence of the precast concrete exterior wall with reverse thermal insulation decorative panels, and start the installation construction clockwise from the lower left corner of the building;

[0029] S102, measure and lay out, and determine the elevation of the bottom of the wall panel;

[0030] S103, hoisting of precast concrete exterior wall with reverse-hitting insulation decorative panels, controlling the flatness, verticality and joint width of the insulation decorative panels;

[0031] S104, grouting of precast concrete exterior wall with reverse thermal insulation decorative panels;

[0032] S105, cast-in-place wall column reinforcement binding;

[0033] S106, installation of cast-in-place formwork;

[0034] S107, reinforcement binding of cast-in-place beams and slabs;

[0035] S108, cast-in-place partial water and electricity pre-buried;

[0036] S109, pouring of cast-in-place wall columns and floor concrete;

[0037] S110, treatment of joints between thermal insulation decorative panels and sealing of reserved holes in precast concrete exterior walls with counter-insulation decorative panels.

[0038] Furthermore, in the step S106, the template is reserved in the cast-in-place section, the width of the third template of the I-shaped vertical joint covers the length of the cast-in-place section, the length of the protruding joint at each end is 100-200mm, and the width of the third template of the L-shaped vertical joint covers the width of the cast-in-place positive angle or negative angle, and the length of the protruding joint at each end is 200mm; the setting spacing requirements of the tension screws on the third template are: the setting position of the tension screws passes through the 10mm gap reserved between the insulation decorative panels in a single component or the 20mm joint reserved between two adjacent insulation decorative panels, the first row of tension screws is 230mm away from the bottom of the wall panel and should not be greater than 250mm, the horizontal spacing is not greater than 800mm, and the vertical spacing is not greater than 800mm; the two ends of the tension screws are fixed to the back rib with nuts.

[0039] Furthermore, in the step S110, the joint treatment between the thermal insulation decorative panels and the sealing of the reserved holes on the precast concrete exterior wall of the thermal insulation decorative panels are carried out after the main structure construction is completed; the joint treatment between the thermal insulation decorative panels: inserting PE rods into the joints, and then injecting modified silicone sealant; the sealing of the reserved holes on the precast concrete exterior wall of the thermal insulation decorative panels, the construction steps are:

[0040] 1) First seal the reserved holes of the precast concrete part indoors, clean the impurities in the holes first, then seal them with foamed polyurethane, and finally seal them tightly with waterproof mortar indoors;

[0041] 2) After the holes blocked by the precast concrete part reach the strength required by the design, the holes reserved by the insulation decorative board part are blocked. The diameter of the holes reserved by the insulation decorative board is 2 to 3 times the diameter of the holes reserved by the precast concrete part;

[0042] 3) In the reserved holes of the insulation decorative board, apply insulation mortar near the concrete and along the insulation decorative board; then fill the holes with standardized plugging materials; finally, the circle of gaps formed is painted in the same color as the insulation decorative board, and modified silicone sealant is applied around the gap;

[0043] 4) The repair of the holes in the thermal insulation decorative panels and the treatment of the joints of the thermal insulation decorative panels are carried out simultaneously, and a hanging basket is used during the construction.

[0044] From the above, the beneficial effects of the prefabricated concrete exterior wall of the reverse-hit thermal insulation decorative board of the present invention and the preparation method and use method thereof are as follows:

[0045] 1. The thermal insulation decoration and structure of the precast concrete exterior wall of the reverse-hit thermal insulation decorative board of the present invention are integrated and industrially produced, with controllable product quality, which reduces the problems of long construction period, serious pollution, poor economy, etc. caused by separate construction of the on-site structural layer, thermal insulation layer and finishing layer; the thermal insulation decorative board is reverse-hit on the precast concrete exterior wall to avoid the use of post-anchoring of the cast-in-place thermal insulation decorative board, reduce the on-site construction process and construction measures costs, and has good economy and safety.

[0046] 2. An anchor is designed to ensure the anchoring performance of the thermal insulation decorative panels and concrete. The tensile bonding strength meets the requirements, avoiding the risk of the thermal insulation decorative panels falling off, while ensuring that the gaps between the thermal insulation decorative panels in the precast concrete exterior wall with counter-insulated thermal insulation decorative panels are consistent.

[0047] 3. A layout method for thermal insulation decorative panels was designed, using a form of fewer specifications and multiple combinations, with staggered seams on the left and right and aligned up and down, which ensures the beauty of the facade and avoids misaligned horizontal seams caused by on-site installation errors.

[0048] 4. The method for preparing the precast concrete exterior wall with reverse-punched thermal insulation decorative panels of the present invention has a simple preparation process and high production efficiency; provides a method for laying thermal insulation decorative panels with high laying efficiency; provides a method for using tooling for tension screw holes to ensure the verticality of the reserved holes; provides a method for preventing slurry leakage to avoid slurry leakage at weak positions such as tooling and anchors.

[0049] 5. The nodes of the precast concrete exterior wall of the reverse-hit thermal insulation decorative panel of the present invention are waterproof. The horizontal seams formed by the thermal insulation decorative panel and the horizontal seams formed by the precast concrete part form staggered seams, and the vertical seams formed by the thermal insulation decorative panel and the vertical seams formed by the precast concrete part form staggered seams. The waterproof structure is simple and the waterproof effect is good. In addition, a flexible waterproof membrane is laid at the joint between the precast concrete and the cast-in-place concrete to avoid the risk of leakage caused by irregular flow during rain erosion.

[0050] 6. The method for using and installing the reverse-hit thermal insulation decorative panel precast concrete exterior wall of the present invention reduces the amount of templates used during on-site installation, has good economy, and provides a method for sealing reserved holes, which has high sealing efficiency, strong practicality, and can ensure the sealing effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0051] The drawings described herein are used to provide further understanding of the present application and constitute a part of the present application. The illustrative embodiments of the present application and their descriptions are used to explain the present application and do not constitute improper limitations on the present application.

[0052] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the precast concrete exterior wall (solid wall) with reverse-hit thermal insulation decorative panels of the present invention, (a) is a front view, (b) is a side view, and (c) is a top view;

[0053] Figure 2 It is a plane enlarged view of the first vertical seam in the precast concrete exterior wall (solid wall) of the reverse-hit thermal insulation decorative board of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a precast concrete exterior wall (solid wall) of a reverse-hit thermal insulation decorative panel of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a precast concrete exterior wall (with window holes) with a reverse-hit thermal insulation decorative panel according to the present invention;

[0056] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a horizontal joint waterproof node of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 6 It is a plan view of a straight vertical joint waterproof node of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 7 It is a schematic plan view of an L-shaped vertical joint waterproof node of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the plane construction of the third template of the straight vertical joint of the present invention;

[0060] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the construction plane of the third template of the L vertical joint of the present invention;

[0061] Fig.10 It is a schematic elevation diagram of the layout of the thermal insulation decorative panels of adjacent floors of the present invention.

[0062] In the figure: 1-precast concrete; 2-insulation decorative panel; 3-groove; 4-first vertical seam; 5-first horizontal seam; 6-anchor; 7-tension screw hole; 8-waterproof membrane; 9-second horizontal seam; 10-third horizontal seam; 11-PE rod; 12-modified silicone sealant; 13-second vertical seam; 14-cast-in-place section; 15-third formwork; 16-tension screw; 17-back rib. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0063] Next, combine Figures 1 to 10 The invention provides a precast concrete exterior wall with reverse-punched thermal insulation decorative panels, and a preparation method and a use method thereof.

[0064] The reverse-hitting thermal insulation decorative panel precast concrete exterior wall of the present invention comprises a thermal insulation decorative panel 2 and precast concrete 1. The thermal insulation decorative panel 2 and the precast concrete 1 are compositely formed into one piece by adopting a reverse-hitting process. The thermal insulation decorative panel 2 has a thermal insulation layer and a finishing layer, and is prefabricated in a professional factory. The finishing layer is made of non-metallic material, has high hardness, a smooth surface, is easy to clean, and is not easy to be damaged. A transparent film is provided on the surface of the finishing layer to prevent pollution. The thermal insulation layer is made of an inorganic composite polystyrene thermal insulation board, which is a Class A fireproof thermal insulation material.

[0065] According to the stress characteristics, there are prefabricated load-bearing exterior walls and prefabricated non-load-bearing exterior walls, both of which adopt the grouting system. The prefabricated non-load-bearing exterior wall adopts a beam-and-wall structure, which is solid or with window holes. The thermal insulation decorative panel 2 is assembled from a plurality of thermal insulation decorative panels. A groove 3 is reserved on the four sides of the facing layer of each thermal insulation decorative panel. The depth of the groove 3 is consistent with the thickness of the facing layer, and the width is 5mm. A gap of 10mm is reserved between two adjacent thermal insulation panels, and a gap of 20mm is reserved between two adjacent facing layers, forming a first vertical seam 4 and a first horizontal seam 5. The distance that the thermal insulation decorative panel 2 extends out of the left and right sides of the precast concrete 1 is 200mm to 400mm, the distance that the thermal insulation decorative panel 2 extends out of the bottom of the precast concrete 1 is about 35mm to 50mm, and the distance that the thermal insulation decorative panel 2 extends out of the top of the precast concrete 1 is 65mm to 150mm.

[0066] Among them, the thermal insulation decorative board 2 is connected to the precast concrete 1 through the tie member 6, and the anchoring depth of the tie member 6 is not less than 50 mm. The cross-section of the tie member 6 is in the shape of a king character and is formed by welding multiple steel plates. The width of its upper flange is 20 mm, the width of its middle flange is 9 - 10 mm, the width of its lower flange is 10 mm, the height of the tie member 6 is not less than 100 mm, and the distance between its upper flange and middle flange is 10 mm; the length of the tie member 6 is not less than 40 mm, and the thickness of the steel plate is 1.5 - 2 mm; the number of tie members 6 for a single piece of precast concrete exterior wall with reverse-cast thermal insulation decorative board is not less than 8 per square meter. 2 .

[0067] Two rows of four rows of tension tie rod holes 7 are reserved on the wall panel. The positions of the tension tie rod holes 7 are in the first vertical joint 4 between the thermal insulation decorative boards. The diameter of the tension tie rod holes 7 is 20 mm, and through holes are reserved along the wall thickness for the tension tie rod holes 7.

[0068] The preparation method of the precast concrete exterior wall with reverse-cast thermal insulation decorative board of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0069] S1. Assemble the first template of the thermal insulation decorative board 2 on the mold table into a large rectangular frame, and the height of the rectangular frame is the same as the thickness of the thermal insulation decorative board 2.

[0070] S2. Arrange the thermal insulation decorative boards 2 in reverse and lay them in the rectangular frame. Start laying from the lower left corner of the rectangular frame. First place the first thermal insulation decorative board, then install the tie members 6 at the horizontal joints and vertical joints. Install the second thermal insulation decorative board close to the tie member 6 at the horizontal joint, install the third thermal insulation decorative board close to the tie member 6 at the vertical joint, then install the tie members 6 at the horizontal joints and vertical joints, and install the fourth thermal insulation decorative board in sequence. Continuously repeat such a process until the installation of the thermal insulation decorative boards 2 is completed.

[0071] S3. Insert the tooling for the tension tie rod holes 7 at the vertical joints. The tooling uses a PVC20 pipe. First ream the hole at the specified position, the reaming size is 18 mm, and the depth is the same as the thickness of the thermal insulation board in the thermal insulation decorative board 2. When the tooling is inserted, the bottom directly passes through the thermal insulation decorative board 2 and closely adheres to the mold table surface, so that the thermal insulation boards on both sides of the tooling will closely adhere to the tooling, ensuring that the tooling will not swing left and right, reducing the fixing measures at the bottom of the tooling. At the same time, the tooling in the concrete part will also be tied and fixed with binding wire to the steel bars.

[0072] S4, seal the first horizontal seam 5 and the first vertical seam 4 between the thermal insulation decorative panels 2, apply a layer of structural glue evenly on the first horizontal seam 5 and the first vertical seam 4, and then apply the seam paper. At the location of the tie piece 6, apply another layer of seam paper with the same cross-sectional form as the tie piece 6, and apply another layer of sealant in the gap formed by the seam paper and the tie piece 6. At the location of the tooling for the tension screw hole 7, apply another layer of seam paper, pass through the tooling, close to the first seam paper, and apply another layer of sealant in the gap formed by the seam paper and the tooling to ensure that there is no leakage.

[0073] S5, draw the outline of the precast concrete 1 on the insulation board, and lay a circle of waterproof membrane 8 along the outline, with half of the width of the waterproof membrane 8 inside the outline and half outside the outline, and then assemble the second template of the precast concrete 1 to form a small rectangular frame, which is close to the insulation board and on the upper part of the insulation board.

[0074] S6, tying the vertical and horizontal steel bars in the small rectangular frame, and tying the end of the anchor 6 extending into the concrete to the steel bars;

[0075] S7, concreting and curing;

[0076] S8, demoulding and finished product storage.

[0077] In step S2, the anchor 6 must be installed firmly without tilting, the upper flange of the anchor 6 is close to the groove reserved in the finishing layer, the flange is stuck between the insulation layers, and the lower flange extends into the concrete layer for anchoring. The 10mm width of the middle flange is used to control the horizontal and vertical seams reserved between the two insulation decorative panels 2.

[0078] The method for using the precast concrete exterior wall of the reverse-hit thermal insulation decorative board of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0079] S9, carry out in-depth design of precast concrete exterior walls with reverse insulation decorative panels for standard floors of single buildings;

[0080] S10, installation and construction of precast concrete exterior walls with reverse-insulated decorative panels for standard floors of single buildings.

[0081] In step S9, the in-depth design includes the layout design of the thermal insulation decorative panels and the waterproof node design of the precast concrete exterior wall with the thermal insulation decorative panels. The layout design of the thermal insulation decorative panels: the first horizontal seams 5 of the thermal insulation decorative panels 2 in a single component are on the same horizontal line, the first vertical seams 4 are on the same vertical line, the first horizontal seams 5 of the thermal insulation decorative panels 2 in the adjacent left and right components form staggered seams, the first vertical seams 4 of the thermal insulation decorative panels 2 in the adjacent upper and lower components are on a straight line, and the size of the thermal insulation decorative panels adopts the form of fewer specifications and more combinations;

[0082] The waterproof node design of the precast concrete exterior wall with reverse-hit insulation decorative panels includes horizontal waterproof node design and vertical waterproof node design. Horizontal waterproof node design: The second horizontal seam 9 formed by the insulation decorative panels 2 in the adjacent upper and lower left components and the third horizontal seam 10 formed by the precast concrete 1 form a staggered seam, and a PE rod 11 is inserted into the second horizontal seam 9, and then a modified silicone sealant 12 is injected. The vertical waterproof node is designed with a straight vertical joint and an L-shaped vertical joint. In the straight vertical joint, the insulation decorative panels 2 extending from the precast concrete 1 in the two adjacent left and right components form a second vertical joint 13 with a width of not less than 20 mm. A PE rod 11 is inserted into the second vertical joint 13, and then a modified silicone sealant 12 is injected. A flexible waterproof membrane is laid at the joint between the precast concrete and the cast-in-place concrete to ensure that water does not leak at the joint; in the L-shaped vertical joint, the insulation decorative panels 2 extending from the precast concrete 1 in the two adjacent components at the corners form a positive angle or a negative angle, and a 20 mm second vertical joint 13 is reserved between the insulation decorative panels 2 at the corner. A PE rod 11 is inserted into the second vertical joint 13, and then a modified silicone sealant 12 is injected. A flexible waterproof membrane is laid at the joint between the precast concrete and the cast-in-place concrete to ensure that water does not leak at the joint.

[0083] In step S10, the installation construction includes the following steps:

[0084] S101, determine the installation sequence of the precast concrete exterior wall with reverse thermal insulation decorative panels, and start the installation construction clockwise from the lower left corner of the building;

[0085] S102, measure and lay out, and determine the elevation of the bottom of the wall panel;

[0086] S103, hoisting of precast concrete exterior wall with reverse-hitting insulation decorative panels, controlling the flatness, verticality and joint width of the insulation decorative panels;

[0087] S104, grouting of precast concrete exterior wall with reverse thermal insulation decorative panels;

[0088] S105, cast-in-place wall column reinforcement binding;

[0089] S106, installation of cast-in-place formwork;

[0090] S107, reinforcement binding of cast-in-place beams and slabs;

[0091] S108, cast-in-place partial water and electricity pre-buried;

[0092] S109, pouring of cast-in-place wall columns and floor concrete;

[0093] S110, treatment of joints between thermal insulation decorative panels and sealing of reserved holes in precast concrete exterior walls with thermal insulation decorative panels;

[0094] In step S106, the template is reserved in the cast-in-place section 14. The width of the third template 15 of the I-shaped vertical joint covers the length of the cast-in-place section 14, and the length of the protruding joint at each end is 100-200mm. The width of the third template 15 of the L-shaped vertical joint covers the width of the cast-in-place positive angle or negative angle, and the length of the protruding joint at each end is 200mm. The setting spacing requirements of the tension screws 16 on the third template 15 are as follows: the setting position of the tension screws 16 passes through the 10mm gap reserved between the insulation decorative panels 2 in a single component or the 20mm joint reserved between two adjacent insulation decorative panels 2. The first row of tension screws 16 is 230mm away from the bottom of the wall panel and should not be greater than 250mm. The horizontal spacing is not greater than 800mm, and the vertical spacing is not greater than 800mm. The two ends of the tension screws 16 are fixed to the back ribs 17 with nuts.

[0095] In step S110, the joint treatment between the insulation decorative panels and the reserved holes on the precast concrete exterior wall of the reverse insulation decorative panels are sealed after the main structure construction is completed. The joint treatment between the insulation decorative panels: insert the PE rod 11 into the joint, and then inject the modified silicone sealant 12. The reserved holes on the precast concrete exterior wall of the reverse insulation decorative panels are sealed, and the construction steps are:

[0096] 1) Seal the reserved holes in the precast concrete part indoors, clean the impurities in the holes first, then seal them with foamed polyurethane, and finally seal them tightly with waterproof mortar.

[0097] 2) After the holes blocked by the precast concrete part reach the strength required by the design, the holes reserved by the insulation decorative panel part are blocked. The diameter of the holes reserved by the insulation decorative panel is 2 to 3 times the diameter of the holes reserved by the precast concrete part. The blocking materials inserted into the holes reserved by the insulation decorative panel are standardized, with unified specifications and sizes, and are cut in the factory.

[0098] 3) In the reserved holes of the thermal insulation decorative board 2, apply thermal insulation mortar close to the concrete and along the thermal insulation decorative board; then fill the holes with standardized sealing materials; finally, a circle of gaps is formed with paint, the color of the paint is consistent with the color of the thermal insulation decorative board, and modified silicone sealant is applied around the gap.

[0099] 4) The repair of the holes in the thermal insulation decorative panels and the treatment of the joints of the thermal insulation decorative panels are carried out simultaneously, and a hanging basket is used during the construction.

[0100] The above description is only a specific implementation of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be understood by anyone familiar with the technology within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A prefabricated concrete exterior wall with reverse-hit insulation decorative panels, characterized in that: The invention comprises a thermal insulation decorative board (2) and precast concrete (1), wherein the thermal insulation decorative board (2) and the precast concrete (1) are compositely formed into one piece by using a reverse punching process, the thermal insulation decorative board (2) comprises a thermal insulation layer and a finishing layer, the finishing layer is made of a non-metallic material, and a transparent film is provided on the surface of the finishing layer; the thermal insulation layer is made of an inorganic composite polystyrene thermal insulation board.

2. The precast concrete exterior wall with reverse-hit insulation decorative panels according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The thermal insulation decorative panel (2) is assembled from a plurality of thermal insulation decorative panels, and grooves (3) are reserved on the four sides of the finishing layer of each thermal insulation decorative panel. The depth of the groove (3) is consistent with the thickness of the finishing layer, and the width is 5 mm. A gap of 10 mm is reserved between two adjacent thermal insulation panels, and a gap of 20 mm is reserved between two adjacent finishing layers, thereby forming a first vertical seam (4) and a first horizontal seam (5).

3. The precast concrete exterior wall with reverse-hit insulation decorative panels according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The thermal insulation decorative panel (2) is connected to the precast concrete (1) via an anchor (6), and the anchor depth of the anchor (6) is not less than 50 mm; The cross-section of the tie member (6) is in the shape of a king character, formed by welding multiple steel plates. The width of its upper flange is 20 mm, the width of its middle flange is 9 - 10 mm, the width of its lower flange is 10 mm. The height of the tie member (6) is not less than 100 mm, and the distance between its upper flange and middle flange is 10 mm. The length of the tie member (6) is not less than 40 mm, and the thickness of the steel plate is 1.5 - 2 mm. The number of tie members (6) for a single precast concrete exterior wall with reverse-cast thermal insulation decorative panels is not less than 8 per square meter. 2 .

4. The precast concrete exterior wall with reverse-hit insulation decorative panels according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Two columns and four rows of tension screw holes (7) are reserved on the wall panel. The tension screw holes (7) are located in the first vertical seam (4) between the thermal insulation decorative panels (2). The diameter of the tension screw holes (7) is 20 mm. The tension screw holes (7) are reserved as through holes along the wall thickness.

5. The precast concrete exterior wall with reverse-hit insulation decorative panels according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The distance that the thermal insulation decorative panel (2) protrudes from the left and right sides of the precast concrete (1) is 200 mm to 400 mm, the distance that the thermal insulation decorative panel (2) protrudes from the bottom of the precast concrete (1) is about 35 mm to 50 mm, and the distance that the thermal insulation decorative panel (2) protrudes from the top of the precast concrete (1) is 65 mm to 150 mm.

6. A method for preparing a precast concrete exterior wall with reverse-hit thermal insulation decorative panels according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The steps are: S1, assembling the first template of the thermal insulation decorative panel (2) on a template platform into a large rectangular frame, wherein the height of the rectangular frame is consistent with the thickness of the thermal insulation decorative panel (2); S2, the thermal insulation decorative panels (2) are arranged in reverse order and laid in the rectangular frame, starting from the lower left corner of the rectangular frame, first placing the first thermal insulation decorative panel, then installing the anchors (6) at the horizontal seams and the vertical seams, then installing the second thermal insulation decorative panel close to the anchors (6) at the horizontal seams, then installing the third thermal insulation decorative panel close to the anchors (6) at the vertical seams, then installing the anchors (6) at the horizontal seams and the vertical seams, and then installing the fourth thermal insulation decorative panel in sequence, and continuously repeating this process until the thermal insulation decorative panels (2) are installed; S3, insert the tooling for the tension screw hole (7) at the vertical seam. The tooling adopts PVC20 pipe. The hole is expanded at the designated position. The hole size is 18mm and the depth is the same as the thickness of the insulation board in the insulation decorative board (2). When the tooling is inserted, the bottom directly passes through the insulation decorative board (2) and is close to the mold table surface, so that the insulation boards on both sides of the tooling will be close to the tooling. At the same time, the tooling in the concrete part is fixed with wire and steel bars; S4, seal the first horizontal seam (5) and the first vertical seam (4) between the thermal insulation decorative panels (2), evenly brush a layer of structural adhesive on the first horizontal seam (5) and the first vertical seam (4), and then paste the seam paper; at the position where the tie piece (6) is located, paste a layer of seam paper with the same cross-sectional form as the tie piece (6), and apply a layer of sealant to the gap formed by the seam paper and the tie piece (6); at the position where the tooling for the tension screw hole (7) is located, paste a layer of seam paper, pass through the tooling, and stick to the first seam paper, and apply a layer of sealant to the gap formed by the seam paper and the tooling to ensure that there is no leakage; S5, draw the outline of the precast concrete (1) on the insulation board, lay a circle of waterproofing membrane (8) along the outline, half of the width of the waterproofing membrane (8) is inside the outline and half is outside the outline, and then assemble the second template of the precast concrete (1) to form a small rectangular frame, which is close to the insulation board and on the upper part of the insulation board; S6, tying the vertical steel bars and the horizontal steel bars in the small rectangular frame, and tying the end of the anchor (6) extending into the concrete to the steel bars; S7, concreting and curing; S8, demoulding and finished product storage.

7. The method for preparing a precast concrete exterior wall with reverse-hit thermal insulation decorative panels according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S2, the upper flange of the anchor (6) is tightly attached to the groove reserved in the finishing layer, wherein the flange is stuck between the insulation layers, and the lower flange extends into the concrete layer for anchoring, and the 10 mm width of the middle flange is used to control the horizontal and vertical seams reserved between the two insulation decorative panels (2).

8. A method for using the precast concrete exterior wall with reverse-hit thermal insulation decorative panels as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The steps are: S9, carry out in-depth design of precast concrete exterior walls with reverse thermal insulation decorative panels for standard floors of single buildings; the in-depth design includes layout design of thermal insulation decorative panels and waterproof node design of precast concrete exterior walls with reverse thermal insulation decorative panels; The layout design of the thermal insulation decorative plate is as follows: the first horizontal seams (5) of the thermal insulation decorative plate (2) in a single component are on the same horizontal line, the first vertical seams (4) are on the same vertical line, the first horizontal seams (5) of the thermal insulation decorative plate (2) in two adjacent left and right components form staggered seams, and the first vertical seams (4) of the thermal insulation decorative plate (2) in two adjacent upper and lower components are on a straight line, and the size of the thermal insulation decorative plate adopts a form of fewer specifications and more combinations; The waterproof node design of the precast concrete exterior wall with the reverse-hit insulation decorative board includes a horizontal waterproof node design and a vertical waterproof node design. The horizontal waterproof node design is as follows: the second horizontal seam (9) formed by the insulation decorative board (2) in the adjacent upper and lower left components and the third horizontal seam (10) formed by the precast concrete (1) form a staggered seam, a PE rod (11) is inserted into the second horizontal seam (9), and then a modified silicone sealant (12) is injected; the vertical waterproof node design includes a straight vertical seam and an L-shaped vertical seam, and the insulation decorative board (2) extending out of the precast concrete (1) in the adjacent left and right components in the straight vertical seam forms a second vertical seam (13), and the seam width is not less than 20 mm, a PE rod (11) is inserted into the second vertical joint (13), and then a modified silicone sealant (12) is injected into the joint, and a flexible waterproof coiled material is laid at the joint between the precast concrete and the cast-in-place concrete to ensure that water at the joint does not leak; in the L-shaped vertical joint, the insulation decorative panels (2) extending out of the precast concrete (1) in the two adjacent corners form a positive angle or a negative angle, and a 20mm second vertical joint (13) is reserved between the insulation decorative panels (2) at the corner, a PE rod (11) is inserted into the second vertical joint (13), and then a modified silicone sealant (12) is injected into the second vertical joint (13), and a flexible waterproof coiled material is laid at the joint between the precast concrete and the cast-in-place concrete to ensure that water at the joint does not leak; S10, installation construction of prefabricated concrete exterior wall with reverse insulation decorative panels on standard floors of single buildings, the installation construction includes the following steps: S101, determine the installation sequence of the precast concrete exterior wall with reverse thermal insulation decorative panels, and start the installation construction clockwise from the lower left corner of the building; S102, measure and lay out, and determine the elevation of the bottom of the wall panel; S103, hoisting of precast concrete exterior wall with reverse-hitting insulation decorative panels, controlling the flatness, verticality and joint width of the insulation decorative panels; S104, grouting of precast concrete exterior wall with reverse thermal insulation decorative panels; S105, cast-in-place wall column reinforcement binding; S106, installation of cast-in-place formwork; S107, reinforcement binding of cast-in-place beams and slabs; S108, cast-in-place partial water and electricity pre-buried; S109, pouring of cast-in-place wall columns and floor concrete; S110, treatment of joints between thermal insulation decorative panels and sealing of reserved holes in precast concrete exterior walls with counter-insulation decorative panels.

9. The method for using the precast concrete exterior wall with reverse-hit thermal insulation decorative panels according to claim 8 is characterized in that: In step S106, the template is reserved in the cast-in-place section (14), the width of the third template (15) of the I-shaped vertical joint covers the length of the cast-in-place section (14), and the length of the protruding joint at each end is 100-200 mm, and the width of the third template (15) of the L-shaped vertical joint covers the width of the cast-in-place positive angle or negative angle, and the length of the protruding joint at each end is 200 mm; the setting spacing requirements of the tension screws (16) on the third template (15) are: the setting position of the tension screws (16) passes through the 10 mm gap reserved between the insulation decorative panels (2) in a single component or the 20 mm joint reserved between two adjacent insulation decorative panels (2), the first row of tension screws (16) is 230 mm away from the bottom of the wall panel, and should not be greater than 250 mm, the horizontal spacing is not greater than 800 mm, and the vertical spacing is not greater than 800 mm; the two ends of the tension screws (16) are fixed to the back rib (17) with nuts.

10. The method for using the precast concrete exterior wall with reverse-hit thermal insulation decorative panels according to claim 8, characterized in that: In the step S110, the joint treatment between the thermal insulation decorative panels and the sealing of the reserved holes on the precast concrete outer wall of the thermal insulation decorative panels are carried out after the main structure construction is completed; the joint treatment between the thermal insulation decorative panels: inserting a PE rod (11) into the joint, and then injecting a modified silicone sealant (12); the sealing of the reserved holes on the precast concrete outer wall of the thermal insulation decorative panels, the construction steps are: 1) First, seal the reserved holes of the precast concrete part indoors, clean the impurities in the holes, then seal them with foamed polyurethane, and finally seal them tightly with waterproof mortar indoors; 2) After the holes blocked by the precast concrete part reach the strength required by the design, the holes reserved by the insulation decorative board part are blocked. The diameter of the holes reserved by the insulation decorative board is 2 to 3 times the diameter of the holes reserved by the precast concrete part; 3) In the reserved hole of the thermal insulation decorative board (2), apply thermal insulation mortar near the concrete and along the periphery of the thermal insulation decorative board; then fill the hole with standardized plugging material; finally, a circle of gaps is formed with paint, the color of the paint is consistent with the color of the thermal insulation decorative board, and a modified silicone sealant is applied around the gap; 4) The repair of the holes in the thermal insulation decorative panels and the treatment of the joints of the thermal insulation decorative panels are carried out simultaneously, and a hanging basket is used during the construction.

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